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| # | |
| # An Introduction to Tkinter | |
| # | |
| # Copyright (c) 1997 by Fredrik Lundh | |
| # | |
| # This copyright applies to Dialog, askinteger, askfloat and asktring | |
| # | |
| # [email protected] | |
| # http://www.pythonware.com | |
| # | |
| """This modules handles dialog boxes. | |
| It contains the following public symbols: | |
| SimpleDialog -- A simple but flexible modal dialog box | |
| Dialog -- a base class for dialogs | |
| askinteger -- get an integer from the user | |
| askfloat -- get a float from the user | |
| askstring -- get a string from the user | |
| """ | |
| from tkinter import * | |
| from tkinter import _get_temp_root, _destroy_temp_root | |
| from tkinter import messagebox | |
| class SimpleDialog: | |
| def __init__(self, master, | |
| text='', buttons=[], default=None, cancel=None, | |
| title=None, class_=None): | |
| if class_: | |
| self.root = Toplevel(master, class_=class_) | |
| else: | |
| self.root = Toplevel(master) | |
| if title: | |
| self.root.title(title) | |
| self.root.iconname(title) | |
| _setup_dialog(self.root) | |
| self.message = Message(self.root, text=text, aspect=400) | |
| self.message.pack(expand=1, fill=BOTH) | |
| self.frame = Frame(self.root) | |
| self.frame.pack() | |
| self.num = default | |
| self.cancel = cancel | |
| self.default = default | |
| self.root.bind('<Return>', self.return_event) | |
| for num in range(len(buttons)): | |
| s = buttons[num] | |
| b = Button(self.frame, text=s, | |
| command=(lambda self=self, num=num: self.done(num))) | |
| if num == default: | |
| b.config(relief=RIDGE, borderwidth=8) | |
| b.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=1) | |
| self.root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.wm_delete_window) | |
| self.root.transient(master) | |
| _place_window(self.root, master) | |
| def go(self): | |
| self.root.wait_visibility() | |
| self.root.grab_set() | |
| self.root.mainloop() | |
| self.root.destroy() | |
| return self.num | |
| def return_event(self, event): | |
| if self.default is None: | |
| self.root.bell() | |
| else: | |
| self.done(self.default) | |
| def wm_delete_window(self): | |
| if self.cancel is None: | |
| self.root.bell() | |
| else: | |
| self.done(self.cancel) | |
| def done(self, num): | |
| self.num = num | |
| self.root.quit() | |
| class Dialog(Toplevel): | |
| '''Class to open dialogs. | |
| This class is intended as a base class for custom dialogs | |
| ''' | |
| def __init__(self, parent, title = None): | |
| '''Initialize a dialog. | |
| Arguments: | |
| parent -- a parent window (the application window) | |
| title -- the dialog title | |
| ''' | |
| master = parent | |
| if master is None: | |
| master = _get_temp_root() | |
| Toplevel.__init__(self, master) | |
| self.withdraw() # remain invisible for now | |
| # If the parent is not viewable, don't | |
| # make the child transient, or else it | |
| # would be opened withdrawn | |
| if parent is not None and parent.winfo_viewable(): | |
| self.transient(parent) | |
| if title: | |
| self.title(title) | |
| _setup_dialog(self) | |
| self.parent = parent | |
| self.result = None | |
| body = Frame(self) | |
| self.initial_focus = self.body(body) | |
| body.pack(padx=5, pady=5) | |
| self.buttonbox() | |
| if self.initial_focus is None: | |
| self.initial_focus = self | |
| self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.cancel) | |
| _place_window(self, parent) | |
| self.initial_focus.focus_set() | |
| # wait for window to appear on screen before calling grab_set | |
| self.wait_visibility() | |
| self.grab_set() | |
| self.wait_window(self) | |
| def destroy(self): | |
| '''Destroy the window''' | |
| self.initial_focus = None | |
| Toplevel.destroy(self) | |
| _destroy_temp_root(self.master) | |
| # | |
| # construction hooks | |
| def body(self, master): | |
| '''create dialog body. | |
| return widget that should have initial focus. | |
| This method should be overridden, and is called | |
| by the __init__ method. | |
| ''' | |
| pass | |
| def buttonbox(self): | |
| '''add standard button box. | |
| override if you do not want the standard buttons | |
| ''' | |
| box = Frame(self) | |
| w = Button(box, text="OK", width=10, command=self.ok, default=ACTIVE) | |
| w.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5) | |
| w = Button(box, text="Cancel", width=10, command=self.cancel) | |
| w.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5) | |
| self.bind("<Return>", self.ok) | |
| self.bind("<Escape>", self.cancel) | |
| box.pack() | |
| # | |
| # standard button semantics | |
| def ok(self, event=None): | |
| if not self.validate(): | |
| self.initial_focus.focus_set() # put focus back | |
| return | |
| self.withdraw() | |
| self.update_idletasks() | |
| try: | |
| self.apply() | |
| finally: | |
| self.cancel() | |
| def cancel(self, event=None): | |
| # put focus back to the parent window | |
| if self.parent is not None: | |
| self.parent.focus_set() | |
| self.destroy() | |
| # | |
| # command hooks | |
| def validate(self): | |
| '''validate the data | |
| This method is called automatically to validate the data before the | |
| dialog is destroyed. By default, it always validates OK. | |
| ''' | |
| return 1 # override | |
| def apply(self): | |
| '''process the data | |
| This method is called automatically to process the data, *after* | |
| the dialog is destroyed. By default, it does nothing. | |
| ''' | |
| pass # override | |
| # Place a toplevel window at the center of parent or screen | |
| # It is a Python implementation of ::tk::PlaceWindow. | |
| def _place_window(w, parent=None): | |
| w.wm_withdraw() # Remain invisible while we figure out the geometry | |
| w.update_idletasks() # Actualize geometry information | |
| minwidth = w.winfo_reqwidth() | |
| minheight = w.winfo_reqheight() | |
| maxwidth = w.winfo_vrootwidth() | |
| maxheight = w.winfo_vrootheight() | |
| if parent is not None and parent.winfo_ismapped(): | |
| x = parent.winfo_rootx() + (parent.winfo_width() - minwidth) // 2 | |
| y = parent.winfo_rooty() + (parent.winfo_height() - minheight) // 2 | |
| vrootx = w.winfo_vrootx() | |
| vrooty = w.winfo_vrooty() | |
| x = min(x, vrootx + maxwidth - minwidth) | |
| x = max(x, vrootx) | |
| y = min(y, vrooty + maxheight - minheight) | |
| y = max(y, vrooty) | |
| if w._windowingsystem == 'aqua': | |
| # Avoid the native menu bar which sits on top of everything. | |
| y = max(y, 22) | |
| else: | |
| x = (w.winfo_screenwidth() - minwidth) // 2 | |
| y = (w.winfo_screenheight() - minheight) // 2 | |
| w.wm_maxsize(maxwidth, maxheight) | |
| w.wm_geometry('+%d+%d' % (x, y)) | |
| w.wm_deiconify() # Become visible at the desired location | |
| def _setup_dialog(w): | |
| if w._windowingsystem == "aqua": | |
| w.tk.call("::tk::unsupported::MacWindowStyle", "style", | |
| w, "moveableModal", "") | |
| elif w._windowingsystem == "x11": | |
| w.wm_attributes("-type", "dialog") | |
| # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| # convenience dialogues | |
| class _QueryDialog(Dialog): | |
| def __init__(self, title, prompt, | |
| initialvalue=None, | |
| minvalue = None, maxvalue = None, | |
| parent = None): | |
| self.prompt = prompt | |
| self.minvalue = minvalue | |
| self.maxvalue = maxvalue | |
| self.initialvalue = initialvalue | |
| Dialog.__init__(self, parent, title) | |
| def destroy(self): | |
| self.entry = None | |
| Dialog.destroy(self) | |
| def body(self, master): | |
| w = Label(master, text=self.prompt, justify=LEFT) | |
| w.grid(row=0, padx=5, sticky=W) | |
| self.entry = Entry(master, name="entry") | |
| self.entry.grid(row=1, padx=5, sticky=W+E) | |
| if self.initialvalue is not None: | |
| self.entry.insert(0, self.initialvalue) | |
| self.entry.select_range(0, END) | |
| return self.entry | |
| def validate(self): | |
| try: | |
| result = self.getresult() | |
| except ValueError: | |
| messagebox.showwarning( | |
| "Illegal value", | |
| self.errormessage + "\nPlease try again", | |
| parent = self | |
| ) | |
| return 0 | |
| if self.minvalue is not None and result < self.minvalue: | |
| messagebox.showwarning( | |
| "Too small", | |
| "The allowed minimum value is %s. " | |
| "Please try again." % self.minvalue, | |
| parent = self | |
| ) | |
| return 0 | |
| if self.maxvalue is not None and result > self.maxvalue: | |
| messagebox.showwarning( | |
| "Too large", | |
| "The allowed maximum value is %s. " | |
| "Please try again." % self.maxvalue, | |
| parent = self | |
| ) | |
| return 0 | |
| self.result = result | |
| return 1 | |
| class _QueryInteger(_QueryDialog): | |
| errormessage = "Not an integer." | |
| def getresult(self): | |
| return self.getint(self.entry.get()) | |
| def askinteger(title, prompt, **kw): | |
| '''get an integer from the user | |
| Arguments: | |
| title -- the dialog title | |
| prompt -- the label text | |
| **kw -- see SimpleDialog class | |
| Return value is an integer | |
| ''' | |
| d = _QueryInteger(title, prompt, **kw) | |
| return d.result | |
| class _QueryFloat(_QueryDialog): | |
| errormessage = "Not a floating point value." | |
| def getresult(self): | |
| return self.getdouble(self.entry.get()) | |
| def askfloat(title, prompt, **kw): | |
| '''get a float from the user | |
| Arguments: | |
| title -- the dialog title | |
| prompt -- the label text | |
| **kw -- see SimpleDialog class | |
| Return value is a float | |
| ''' | |
| d = _QueryFloat(title, prompt, **kw) | |
| return d.result | |
| class _QueryString(_QueryDialog): | |
| def __init__(self, *args, **kw): | |
| if "show" in kw: | |
| self.__show = kw["show"] | |
| del kw["show"] | |
| else: | |
| self.__show = None | |
| _QueryDialog.__init__(self, *args, **kw) | |
| def body(self, master): | |
| entry = _QueryDialog.body(self, master) | |
| if self.__show is not None: | |
| entry.configure(show=self.__show) | |
| return entry | |
| def getresult(self): | |
| return self.entry.get() | |
| def askstring(title, prompt, **kw): | |
| '''get a string from the user | |
| Arguments: | |
| title -- the dialog title | |
| prompt -- the label text | |
| **kw -- see SimpleDialog class | |
| Return value is a string | |
| ''' | |
| d = _QueryString(title, prompt, **kw) | |
| return d.result | |
| if __name__ == '__main__': | |
| def test(): | |
| root = Tk() | |
| def doit(root=root): | |
| d = SimpleDialog(root, | |
| text="This is a test dialog. " | |
| "Would this have been an actual dialog, " | |
| "the buttons below would have been glowing " | |
| "in soft pink light.\n" | |
| "Do you believe this?", | |
| buttons=["Yes", "No", "Cancel"], | |
| default=0, | |
| cancel=2, | |
| title="Test Dialog") | |
| print(d.go()) | |
| print(askinteger("Spam", "Egg count", initialvalue=12*12)) | |
| print(askfloat("Spam", "Egg weight\n(in tons)", minvalue=1, | |
| maxvalue=100)) | |
| print(askstring("Spam", "Egg label")) | |
| t = Button(root, text='Test', command=doit) | |
| t.pack() | |
| q = Button(root, text='Quit', command=t.quit) | |
| q.pack() | |
| t.mainloop() | |
| test() | |