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# | |
# An Introduction to Tkinter | |
# | |
# Copyright (c) 1997 by Fredrik Lundh | |
# | |
# This copyright applies to Dialog, askinteger, askfloat and asktring | |
# | |
# [email protected] | |
# http://www.pythonware.com | |
# | |
"""This modules handles dialog boxes. | |
It contains the following public symbols: | |
SimpleDialog -- A simple but flexible modal dialog box | |
Dialog -- a base class for dialogs | |
askinteger -- get an integer from the user | |
askfloat -- get a float from the user | |
askstring -- get a string from the user | |
""" | |
from tkinter import * | |
from tkinter import _get_temp_root, _destroy_temp_root | |
from tkinter import messagebox | |
class SimpleDialog: | |
def __init__(self, master, | |
text='', buttons=[], default=None, cancel=None, | |
title=None, class_=None): | |
if class_: | |
self.root = Toplevel(master, class_=class_) | |
else: | |
self.root = Toplevel(master) | |
if title: | |
self.root.title(title) | |
self.root.iconname(title) | |
_setup_dialog(self.root) | |
self.message = Message(self.root, text=text, aspect=400) | |
self.message.pack(expand=1, fill=BOTH) | |
self.frame = Frame(self.root) | |
self.frame.pack() | |
self.num = default | |
self.cancel = cancel | |
self.default = default | |
self.root.bind('<Return>', self.return_event) | |
for num in range(len(buttons)): | |
s = buttons[num] | |
b = Button(self.frame, text=s, | |
command=(lambda self=self, num=num: self.done(num))) | |
if num == default: | |
b.config(relief=RIDGE, borderwidth=8) | |
b.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=1) | |
self.root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.wm_delete_window) | |
self.root.transient(master) | |
_place_window(self.root, master) | |
def go(self): | |
self.root.wait_visibility() | |
self.root.grab_set() | |
self.root.mainloop() | |
self.root.destroy() | |
return self.num | |
def return_event(self, event): | |
if self.default is None: | |
self.root.bell() | |
else: | |
self.done(self.default) | |
def wm_delete_window(self): | |
if self.cancel is None: | |
self.root.bell() | |
else: | |
self.done(self.cancel) | |
def done(self, num): | |
self.num = num | |
self.root.quit() | |
class Dialog(Toplevel): | |
'''Class to open dialogs. | |
This class is intended as a base class for custom dialogs | |
''' | |
def __init__(self, parent, title = None): | |
'''Initialize a dialog. | |
Arguments: | |
parent -- a parent window (the application window) | |
title -- the dialog title | |
''' | |
master = parent | |
if master is None: | |
master = _get_temp_root() | |
Toplevel.__init__(self, master) | |
self.withdraw() # remain invisible for now | |
# If the parent is not viewable, don't | |
# make the child transient, or else it | |
# would be opened withdrawn | |
if parent is not None and parent.winfo_viewable(): | |
self.transient(parent) | |
if title: | |
self.title(title) | |
_setup_dialog(self) | |
self.parent = parent | |
self.result = None | |
body = Frame(self) | |
self.initial_focus = self.body(body) | |
body.pack(padx=5, pady=5) | |
self.buttonbox() | |
if self.initial_focus is None: | |
self.initial_focus = self | |
self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.cancel) | |
_place_window(self, parent) | |
self.initial_focus.focus_set() | |
# wait for window to appear on screen before calling grab_set | |
self.wait_visibility() | |
self.grab_set() | |
self.wait_window(self) | |
def destroy(self): | |
'''Destroy the window''' | |
self.initial_focus = None | |
Toplevel.destroy(self) | |
_destroy_temp_root(self.master) | |
# | |
# construction hooks | |
def body(self, master): | |
'''create dialog body. | |
return widget that should have initial focus. | |
This method should be overridden, and is called | |
by the __init__ method. | |
''' | |
pass | |
def buttonbox(self): | |
'''add standard button box. | |
override if you do not want the standard buttons | |
''' | |
box = Frame(self) | |
w = Button(box, text="OK", width=10, command=self.ok, default=ACTIVE) | |
w.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5) | |
w = Button(box, text="Cancel", width=10, command=self.cancel) | |
w.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5) | |
self.bind("<Return>", self.ok) | |
self.bind("<Escape>", self.cancel) | |
box.pack() | |
# | |
# standard button semantics | |
def ok(self, event=None): | |
if not self.validate(): | |
self.initial_focus.focus_set() # put focus back | |
return | |
self.withdraw() | |
self.update_idletasks() | |
try: | |
self.apply() | |
finally: | |
self.cancel() | |
def cancel(self, event=None): | |
# put focus back to the parent window | |
if self.parent is not None: | |
self.parent.focus_set() | |
self.destroy() | |
# | |
# command hooks | |
def validate(self): | |
'''validate the data | |
This method is called automatically to validate the data before the | |
dialog is destroyed. By default, it always validates OK. | |
''' | |
return 1 # override | |
def apply(self): | |
'''process the data | |
This method is called automatically to process the data, *after* | |
the dialog is destroyed. By default, it does nothing. | |
''' | |
pass # override | |
# Place a toplevel window at the center of parent or screen | |
# It is a Python implementation of ::tk::PlaceWindow. | |
def _place_window(w, parent=None): | |
w.wm_withdraw() # Remain invisible while we figure out the geometry | |
w.update_idletasks() # Actualize geometry information | |
minwidth = w.winfo_reqwidth() | |
minheight = w.winfo_reqheight() | |
maxwidth = w.winfo_vrootwidth() | |
maxheight = w.winfo_vrootheight() | |
if parent is not None and parent.winfo_ismapped(): | |
x = parent.winfo_rootx() + (parent.winfo_width() - minwidth) // 2 | |
y = parent.winfo_rooty() + (parent.winfo_height() - minheight) // 2 | |
vrootx = w.winfo_vrootx() | |
vrooty = w.winfo_vrooty() | |
x = min(x, vrootx + maxwidth - minwidth) | |
x = max(x, vrootx) | |
y = min(y, vrooty + maxheight - minheight) | |
y = max(y, vrooty) | |
if w._windowingsystem == 'aqua': | |
# Avoid the native menu bar which sits on top of everything. | |
y = max(y, 22) | |
else: | |
x = (w.winfo_screenwidth() - minwidth) // 2 | |
y = (w.winfo_screenheight() - minheight) // 2 | |
w.wm_maxsize(maxwidth, maxheight) | |
w.wm_geometry('+%d+%d' % (x, y)) | |
w.wm_deiconify() # Become visible at the desired location | |
def _setup_dialog(w): | |
if w._windowingsystem == "aqua": | |
w.tk.call("::tk::unsupported::MacWindowStyle", "style", | |
w, "moveableModal", "") | |
elif w._windowingsystem == "x11": | |
w.wm_attributes("-type", "dialog") | |
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
# convenience dialogues | |
class _QueryDialog(Dialog): | |
def __init__(self, title, prompt, | |
initialvalue=None, | |
minvalue = None, maxvalue = None, | |
parent = None): | |
self.prompt = prompt | |
self.minvalue = minvalue | |
self.maxvalue = maxvalue | |
self.initialvalue = initialvalue | |
Dialog.__init__(self, parent, title) | |
def destroy(self): | |
self.entry = None | |
Dialog.destroy(self) | |
def body(self, master): | |
w = Label(master, text=self.prompt, justify=LEFT) | |
w.grid(row=0, padx=5, sticky=W) | |
self.entry = Entry(master, name="entry") | |
self.entry.grid(row=1, padx=5, sticky=W+E) | |
if self.initialvalue is not None: | |
self.entry.insert(0, self.initialvalue) | |
self.entry.select_range(0, END) | |
return self.entry | |
def validate(self): | |
try: | |
result = self.getresult() | |
except ValueError: | |
messagebox.showwarning( | |
"Illegal value", | |
self.errormessage + "\nPlease try again", | |
parent = self | |
) | |
return 0 | |
if self.minvalue is not None and result < self.minvalue: | |
messagebox.showwarning( | |
"Too small", | |
"The allowed minimum value is %s. " | |
"Please try again." % self.minvalue, | |
parent = self | |
) | |
return 0 | |
if self.maxvalue is not None and result > self.maxvalue: | |
messagebox.showwarning( | |
"Too large", | |
"The allowed maximum value is %s. " | |
"Please try again." % self.maxvalue, | |
parent = self | |
) | |
return 0 | |
self.result = result | |
return 1 | |
class _QueryInteger(_QueryDialog): | |
errormessage = "Not an integer." | |
def getresult(self): | |
return self.getint(self.entry.get()) | |
def askinteger(title, prompt, **kw): | |
'''get an integer from the user | |
Arguments: | |
title -- the dialog title | |
prompt -- the label text | |
**kw -- see SimpleDialog class | |
Return value is an integer | |
''' | |
d = _QueryInteger(title, prompt, **kw) | |
return d.result | |
class _QueryFloat(_QueryDialog): | |
errormessage = "Not a floating point value." | |
def getresult(self): | |
return self.getdouble(self.entry.get()) | |
def askfloat(title, prompt, **kw): | |
'''get a float from the user | |
Arguments: | |
title -- the dialog title | |
prompt -- the label text | |
**kw -- see SimpleDialog class | |
Return value is a float | |
''' | |
d = _QueryFloat(title, prompt, **kw) | |
return d.result | |
class _QueryString(_QueryDialog): | |
def __init__(self, *args, **kw): | |
if "show" in kw: | |
self.__show = kw["show"] | |
del kw["show"] | |
else: | |
self.__show = None | |
_QueryDialog.__init__(self, *args, **kw) | |
def body(self, master): | |
entry = _QueryDialog.body(self, master) | |
if self.__show is not None: | |
entry.configure(show=self.__show) | |
return entry | |
def getresult(self): | |
return self.entry.get() | |
def askstring(title, prompt, **kw): | |
'''get a string from the user | |
Arguments: | |
title -- the dialog title | |
prompt -- the label text | |
**kw -- see SimpleDialog class | |
Return value is a string | |
''' | |
d = _QueryString(title, prompt, **kw) | |
return d.result | |
if __name__ == '__main__': | |
def test(): | |
root = Tk() | |
def doit(root=root): | |
d = SimpleDialog(root, | |
text="This is a test dialog. " | |
"Would this have been an actual dialog, " | |
"the buttons below would have been glowing " | |
"in soft pink light.\n" | |
"Do you believe this?", | |
buttons=["Yes", "No", "Cancel"], | |
default=0, | |
cancel=2, | |
title="Test Dialog") | |
print(d.go()) | |
print(askinteger("Spam", "Egg count", initialvalue=12*12)) | |
print(askfloat("Spam", "Egg weight\n(in tons)", minvalue=1, | |
maxvalue=100)) | |
print(askstring("Spam", "Egg label")) | |
t = Button(root, text='Test', command=doit) | |
t.pack() | |
q = Button(root, text='Quit', command=t.quit) | |
q.pack() | |
t.mainloop() | |
test() | |