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// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
// Copyright 2008 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
// https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#include <google/protobuf/arena.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <atomic>
#include <limits>
#include <google/protobuf/stubs/mutex.h>
#ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
#include <sanitizer/asan_interface.h>
#endif // ADDRESS_SANITIZER
#include <google/protobuf/port_def.inc>
static const size_t kMinCleanupListElements = 8;
static const size_t kMaxCleanupListElements = 64; // 1kB on 64-bit.
namespace google {
namespace protobuf {
PROTOBUF_EXPORT /*static*/ void* (*const ArenaOptions::kDefaultBlockAlloc)(
size_t) = &::operator new;
namespace internal {
ArenaImpl::CacheAlignedLifecycleIdGenerator ArenaImpl::lifecycle_id_generator_;
#if defined(GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_NO_THREADLOCAL)
ArenaImpl::ThreadCache& ArenaImpl::thread_cache() {
static internal::ThreadLocalStorage<ThreadCache>* thread_cache_ =
new internal::ThreadLocalStorage<ThreadCache>();
return *thread_cache_->Get();
}
#elif defined(PROTOBUF_USE_DLLS)
ArenaImpl::ThreadCache& ArenaImpl::thread_cache() {
static PROTOBUF_THREAD_LOCAL ThreadCache thread_cache_ = {
0, static_cast<LifecycleIdAtomic>(-1), nullptr};
return thread_cache_;
}
#else
PROTOBUF_THREAD_LOCAL ArenaImpl::ThreadCache ArenaImpl::thread_cache_ = {
0, static_cast<LifecycleIdAtomic>(-1), nullptr};
#endif
void ArenaFree(void* object, size_t size) {
#if defined(__GXX_DELETE_WITH_SIZE__) || defined(__cpp_sized_deallocation)
::operator delete(object, size);
#else
(void)size;
::operator delete(object);
#endif
}
ArenaImpl::ArenaImpl(const ArenaOptions& options) {
ArenaMetricsCollector* collector = nullptr;
bool record_allocs = false;
if (options.make_metrics_collector != nullptr) {
collector = (*options.make_metrics_collector)();
record_allocs = (collector && collector->RecordAllocs());
}
// Get memory where we can store non-default options if needed.
// Use supplied initial_block if it is large enough.
size_t min_block_size = kOptionsSize + kBlockHeaderSize + kSerialArenaSize;
char* mem = options.initial_block;
size_t mem_size = options.initial_block_size;
GOOGLE_DCHECK_EQ(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(mem) & 7, 0);
if (mem == nullptr || mem_size < min_block_size) {
// Supplied initial block is not big enough.
mem_size = std::max(min_block_size, options.start_block_size);
mem = reinterpret_cast<char*>((*options.block_alloc)(mem_size));
}
// Create the special block.
const bool special = true;
const bool user_owned = (mem == options.initial_block);
auto block =
new (mem) SerialArena::Block(mem_size, nullptr, special, user_owned);
// Options occupy the beginning of the initial block.
options_ = new (block->Pointer(block->pos())) Options;
#ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
ASAN_UNPOISON_MEMORY_REGION(options_, kOptionsSize);
#endif // ADDRESS_SANITIZER
options_->start_block_size = options.start_block_size;
options_->max_block_size = options.max_block_size;
options_->block_alloc = options.block_alloc;
options_->block_dealloc = options.block_dealloc;
options_->metrics_collector = collector;
block->set_pos(block->pos() + kOptionsSize);
Init(record_allocs);
SetInitialBlock(block);
}
void ArenaImpl::Init(bool record_allocs) {
ThreadCache& tc = thread_cache();
auto id = tc.next_lifecycle_id;
constexpr uint64 kInc = ThreadCache::kPerThreadIds * 2;
if (PROTOBUF_PREDICT_FALSE((id & (kInc - 1)) == 0)) {
if (sizeof(lifecycle_id_generator_.id) == 4) {
// 2^32 is dangerous low to guarantee uniqueness. If we start dolling out
// unique id's in ranges of kInc it's unacceptably low. In this case
// we increment by 1. The additional range of kPerThreadIds that are used
// per thread effectively pushes the overflow time from weeks to years
// of continuous running.
id = lifecycle_id_generator_.id.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed) *
kInc;
} else {
id =
lifecycle_id_generator_.id.fetch_add(kInc, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
}
tc.next_lifecycle_id = id + 2;
// We store "record_allocs" in the low bit of lifecycle_id_.
lifecycle_id_ = id | (record_allocs ? 1 : 0);
hint_.store(nullptr, std::memory_order_relaxed);
threads_.store(nullptr, std::memory_order_relaxed);
space_allocated_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
void ArenaImpl::SetInitialBlock(SerialArena::Block* block) {
// Calling thread owns the first block. This allows the single-threaded case
// to allocate on the first block without having to perform atomic operations.
SerialArena* serial = SerialArena::New(block, &thread_cache(), this);
serial->set_next(NULL);
threads_.store(serial, std::memory_order_relaxed);
space_allocated_.store(block->size(), std::memory_order_relaxed);
CacheSerialArena(serial);
}
ArenaImpl::~ArenaImpl() {
// Have to do this in a first pass, because some of the destructors might
// refer to memory in other blocks.
CleanupList();
ArenaMetricsCollector* collector = nullptr;
auto deallocator = &ArenaFree;
if (options_) {
collector = options_->metrics_collector;
deallocator = options_->block_dealloc;
}
PerBlock([deallocator](SerialArena::Block* b) {
#ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
// This memory was provided by the underlying allocator as unpoisoned, so
// return it in an unpoisoned state.
ASAN_UNPOISON_MEMORY_REGION(b->Pointer(0), b->size());
#endif // ADDRESS_SANITIZER
if (!b->user_owned()) {
(*deallocator)(b, b->size());
}
});
if (collector) {
collector->OnDestroy(SpaceAllocated());
}
}
uint64 ArenaImpl::Reset() {
if (options_ && options_->metrics_collector) {
options_->metrics_collector->OnReset(SpaceAllocated());
}
// Have to do this in a first pass, because some of the destructors might
// refer to memory in other blocks.
CleanupList();
// Discard all blocks except the special block (if present).
uint64 space_allocated = 0;
SerialArena::Block* special_block = nullptr;
auto deallocator = (options_ ? options_->block_dealloc : &ArenaFree);
PerBlock(
[&space_allocated, &special_block, deallocator](SerialArena::Block* b) {
space_allocated += b->size();
#ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
// This memory was provided by the underlying allocator as unpoisoned,
// so return it in an unpoisoned state.
ASAN_UNPOISON_MEMORY_REGION(b->Pointer(0), b->size());
#endif // ADDRESS_SANITIZER
if (!b->special()) {
(*deallocator)(b, b->size());
} else {
// Prepare special block for reuse.
// Note: if options_ is present, it occupies the beginning of the
// block and therefore pos is advanced past it.
GOOGLE_DCHECK(special_block == nullptr);
special_block = b;
}
});
Init(record_allocs());
if (special_block != nullptr) {
// next() should still be nullptr since we are using a stack discipline, but
// clear it anyway to reduce fragility.
GOOGLE_DCHECK_EQ(special_block->next(), nullptr);
special_block->clear_next();
special_block->set_pos(kBlockHeaderSize + (options_ ? kOptionsSize : 0));
SetInitialBlock(special_block);
}
return space_allocated;
}
std::pair<void*, size_t> ArenaImpl::NewBuffer(size_t last_size,
size_t min_bytes) {
size_t size;
if (last_size != -1) {
// Double the current block size, up to a limit.
auto max_size = options_ ? options_->max_block_size : kDefaultMaxBlockSize;
size = std::min(2 * last_size, max_size);
} else {
size = options_ ? options_->start_block_size : kDefaultStartBlockSize;
}
// Verify that min_bytes + kBlockHeaderSize won't overflow.
GOOGLE_CHECK_LE(min_bytes, std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() - kBlockHeaderSize);
size = std::max(size, kBlockHeaderSize + min_bytes);
void* mem = options_ ? (*options_->block_alloc)(size) : ::operator new(size);
space_allocated_.fetch_add(size, std::memory_order_relaxed);
return {mem, size};
}
SerialArena::Block* SerialArena::NewBlock(SerialArena::Block* last_block,
size_t min_bytes, ArenaImpl* arena) {
void* mem;
size_t size;
std::tie(mem, size) =
arena->NewBuffer(last_block ? last_block->size() : -1, min_bytes);
Block* b = new (mem) Block(size, last_block, false, false);
return b;
}
PROTOBUF_NOINLINE
void SerialArena::AddCleanupFallback(void* elem, void (*cleanup)(void*)) {
size_t size = cleanup_ ? cleanup_->size * 2 : kMinCleanupListElements;
size = std::min(size, kMaxCleanupListElements);
size_t bytes = internal::AlignUpTo8(CleanupChunk::SizeOf(size));
CleanupChunk* list = reinterpret_cast<CleanupChunk*>(AllocateAligned(bytes));
list->next = cleanup_;
list->size = size;
cleanup_ = list;
cleanup_ptr_ = &list->nodes[0];
cleanup_limit_ = &list->nodes[size];
AddCleanup(elem, cleanup);
}
void* ArenaImpl::AllocateAlignedAndAddCleanup(size_t n,
void (*cleanup)(void*)) {
SerialArena* arena;
if (PROTOBUF_PREDICT_TRUE(GetSerialArenaFast(&arena))) {
return arena->AllocateAlignedAndAddCleanup(n, cleanup);
} else {
return AllocateAlignedAndAddCleanupFallback(n, cleanup);
}
}
void ArenaImpl::AddCleanup(void* elem, void (*cleanup)(void*)) {
SerialArena* arena;
if (PROTOBUF_PREDICT_TRUE(GetSerialArenaFast(&arena))) {
arena->AddCleanup(elem, cleanup);
} else {
return AddCleanupFallback(elem, cleanup);
}
}
PROTOBUF_NOINLINE
void* ArenaImpl::AllocateAlignedFallback(size_t n) {
return GetSerialArenaFallback(&thread_cache())->AllocateAligned(n);
}
PROTOBUF_NOINLINE
void* ArenaImpl::AllocateAlignedAndAddCleanupFallback(size_t n,
void (*cleanup)(void*)) {
return GetSerialArenaFallback(
&thread_cache())->AllocateAlignedAndAddCleanup(n, cleanup);
}
PROTOBUF_NOINLINE
void ArenaImpl::AddCleanupFallback(void* elem, void (*cleanup)(void*)) {
GetSerialArenaFallback(&thread_cache())->AddCleanup(elem, cleanup);
}
PROTOBUF_NOINLINE
void* SerialArena::AllocateAlignedFallback(size_t n) {
// Sync back to current's pos.
head_->set_pos(head_->size() - (limit_ - ptr_));
head_ = NewBlock(head_, n, arena_);
ptr_ = head_->Pointer(head_->pos());
limit_ = head_->Pointer(head_->size());
#ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
ASAN_POISON_MEMORY_REGION(ptr_, limit_ - ptr_);
#endif // ADDRESS_SANITIZER
return AllocateAligned(n);
}
uint64 ArenaImpl::SpaceAllocated() const {
return space_allocated_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
uint64 ArenaImpl::SpaceUsed() const {
SerialArena* serial = threads_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
uint64 space_used = 0;
for (; serial; serial = serial->next()) {
space_used += serial->SpaceUsed();
}
// Remove the overhead of Options structure, if any.
if (options_) {
space_used -= kOptionsSize;
}
return space_used;
}
uint64 SerialArena::SpaceUsed() const {
// Get current block's size from ptr_ (since we can't trust head_->pos().
uint64 space_used = ptr_ - head_->Pointer(kBlockHeaderSize);
// Get subsequent block size from b->pos().
for (Block* b = head_->next(); b; b = b->next()) {
space_used += (b->pos() - kBlockHeaderSize);
}
// Remove the overhead of the SerialArena itself.
space_used -= ArenaImpl::kSerialArenaSize;
return space_used;
}
void ArenaImpl::CleanupList() {
// By omitting an Acquire barrier we ensure that any user code that doesn't
// properly synchronize Reset() or the destructor will throw a TSAN warning.
SerialArena* serial = threads_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
for (; serial; serial = serial->next()) {
serial->CleanupList();
}
}
void SerialArena::CleanupList() {
if (cleanup_ != NULL) {
CleanupListFallback();
}
}
void SerialArena::CleanupListFallback() {
// The first chunk might be only partially full, so calculate its size
// from cleanup_ptr_. Subsequent chunks are always full, so use list->size.
size_t n = cleanup_ptr_ - &cleanup_->nodes[0];
CleanupChunk* list = cleanup_;
while (true) {
CleanupNode* node = &list->nodes[0];
// Cleanup newest elements first (allocated last).
for (size_t i = n; i > 0; i--) {
node[i - 1].cleanup(node[i - 1].elem);
}
list = list->next;
if (list == nullptr) {
break;
}
// All but the first chunk are always full.
n = list->size;
}
}
SerialArena* SerialArena::New(Block* b, void* owner, ArenaImpl* arena) {
auto pos = b->pos();
GOOGLE_DCHECK_LE(pos + ArenaImpl::kSerialArenaSize, b->size());
SerialArena* serial = reinterpret_cast<SerialArena*>(b->Pointer(pos));
b->set_pos(pos + ArenaImpl::kSerialArenaSize);
serial->arena_ = arena;
serial->owner_ = owner;
serial->head_ = b;
serial->ptr_ = b->Pointer(b->pos());
serial->limit_ = b->Pointer(b->size());
serial->cleanup_ = NULL;
serial->cleanup_ptr_ = NULL;
serial->cleanup_limit_ = NULL;
return serial;
}
PROTOBUF_NOINLINE
SerialArena* ArenaImpl::GetSerialArenaFallback(void* me) {
// Look for this SerialArena in our linked list.
SerialArena* serial = threads_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
for (; serial; serial = serial->next()) {
if (serial->owner() == me) {
break;
}
}
if (!serial) {
// This thread doesn't have any SerialArena, which also means it doesn't
// have any blocks yet. So we'll allocate its first block now.
SerialArena::Block* b = SerialArena::NewBlock(NULL, kSerialArenaSize, this);
serial = SerialArena::New(b, me, this);
SerialArena* head = threads_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
do {
serial->set_next(head);
} while (!threads_.compare_exchange_weak(
head, serial, std::memory_order_release, std::memory_order_relaxed));
}
CacheSerialArena(serial);
return serial;
}
ArenaMetricsCollector::~ArenaMetricsCollector() {}
} // namespace internal
PROTOBUF_FUNC_ALIGN(32)
void* Arena::AllocateAlignedNoHook(size_t n) {
return impl_.AllocateAligned(n);
}
} // namespace protobuf
} // namespace google
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