text:
I have been using Ansible for 2.5 years now, professionally. I read a blogpost about Ansible alternatives, which made me re-evaluate why I use Ansible. So I wanted to make a list of pros/cons for future reference, to not forget why I like and dislike Ansible.

Image by <NAME>

These are coming from a software engineer who now works as an SRE. Everything you’ll read is opinionated.

### How did I use Ansible?

I used Ansible with a python middleware. This python code prepares variables, decides which playbook to run, runs a few playbooks in a row if necessary.

### What did I use Ansible for?

• Mostly configure servers, install software
• Make deployments in a mutable infrastructure, run shell commands when things get messy
• Create/drop databases, create/drop users in these databases, assign roles, etc.
• Interact with AWS services such as S3 and EC2

• Same resources, multiple environments

We had a simple resource architecture, but a complicated service architecture. It was a pain to run all services in a local environment. And solutions like Vagrant were not much viable because they were reserving almost all the CPU and memory, and maintaining such solutions required also employing a support engineer just to help team members manage their local environments. So we had to provision n development environments for n developers, ideally.

• Almost production-like environments

Differences between production and development bite everyone in the industry. We aimed to maintain almost production-like environments to decrease the number of surprises. But you can’t make it the same as production, I don’t know any customer who wants to receive emails from your QA environment or a company who wants to pay 20 times the price of production resources.

• Maintain a small team

We were and still are, a small team, so we didn’t have the time to tweak a running wheel to exactly our requirements. Therefore we needed to write less code, use good tools that cover most of our use cases.

## Ansible: the good parts

I like Ansible for several reasons:

• Battle-tested: it is used by many companies in production environments, it is backed by a tech company, it is under regular development.

• Declarative language: It is nice to not handle 3-4 cases of a task, instead add a parameter like state: present

• Many ready-to-use modules: There are many modules that I can use covering most of my use cases, from OS-specific tasks to cloud service management.

• Low barrier of entry to language: YAML has very simple rules, it is quite easy to start using Ansible.

• Filters, functions, standard tools: Along with Jinja2 support, standard filters and functions come very handy.

As famously known, there are no silver bullets. This is where I complain, so it will be longer than the good parts :) What I don’t like about Ansible:

• Ansible has external dependencies to Python modules, both on the machine running the ansible commands and the host that running the playbooks.1 So first of all, you need to provision host machines before using Ansible on them

• Secondly, you need to deal with Python’s dependency management problems from the start. If you are not doing fancy stuff that’s fine, but when you start to use software that has strong dependencies to Python 2, now you can include that week’s favorite virtual environment management tool. Also you gotta plan for Python 2’s removal.

• Installing third-party libraries give you some freedom, let you install bug fixes without waiting for ansible releases, but then you have to deal with all libraries playing nice together.

• In complex software projects, readability is everything, especially if the code is used and maintained for more than 6 months. The signature of a method, function, or class, needs to be clear to show what it takes, what it does, and what it returns. In Ansible, you only have the second one: what it does. It is probably something like install_nginx. However, to understand which variables, or facts, it requires, you have to go to role definition. Search all templates it using. Search all the roles it is including. It is a mess.

• Skipping roles or tasks is possible, but not nice. I always want to use the same playbooks for development and production. But I can’t do that, the world is not that of a nice place. I want to provide a proper development experience to my colleagues, so I want to reduce the strictness of production systems in development environments, such as giving options like please recreate the environment's database. If I use the same playbook for production, I need a nasty when condition there. The first time I did that, I had a small heart-attack when I saw recreate_database in production deployment, relieved after seeing like 10 tasks are skipped immediately.2 Of course, I have the liberty of providing different playbooks for production and development, which I already do right now, but then I have to maintain two different playbooks, and when I need to change something I have to keep in mind that the other playbook needs to change as well.3

• when conditions are working for if-else situations, but if you need to store another task’s result and use it in the next task’s when condition, your code gets forgotten 1 month later, instead of a regular 3 months timeline. You need to re-discover your own code more frequently.

• I like package isolation in general. If a playbook doesn’t use a role, it shouldn’t have access to it (ideally). What I can do with Ansible is as follows:

common/
api_setup/
- roles/
- setup1.yml
- setup2.yml
api_deploy/
- roles/
- deploy_safely.yml
- deploy_by_nuking.yml

API is one domain here, this goes like five other domains. Ansible allows me to specify roles lookup path, which I specify as common. But it doesn’t allow me to approach the whole project from a domain-driven perspective. I’d like to have an api package, which contains its own common roles folder: api/common_roles, and each subproject under api will have access to these common roles and the root common roles at the same time. But right now, api_deploy and web_deploy playbooks share the same common roles path, which is far from ideal for me. This method solves my management problems today, but it creates a potential maintenance problem for the future.

• Ansible doesn’t show real-time outputs. There is a long-time standing issue for that. This is especially painful for long tasks. When I’m running docker_container to build an image, I’m looking at a frozen log screen for more than 10 minutes sometimes. (yes, I’m building java, nice guess!)

## Conclusion

Ansible is a good tool, it has paid of its investment. Having said that, I am ready for the next tool and the next concept.

1. Docker container module requires Docker, dockerpy installed on the host machine; all aws related modules require boto3 installed on the local machine. ↩

2. disable showing display_skipped_hosts = False option in ansible.cfg disables printing skipped tasks, but does it make it less dangerous? ↩

3. tags provide a better way to manage these things, I’m aware. But tags act as build modes, in some situations, when condition consists of the result of a previous task. In these situations, tags don’t help at all. ↩


text:
Prove the property of Dirac's Delta

1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
How can i prove this property of Delta,

2. Relevant equations
This is my homework from <NAME>'s Classical Elektrodynamics book

3. The attempt at a solution
I can't an attempt. Some properties is proved at wiki and other web pages but didn't find this.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_delta_function and ... )
 PhysOrg.com science news on PhysOrg.com >> Galaxies fed by funnels of fuel>> The better to see you with: Scientists build record-setting metamaterial flat lens>> Google eyes emerging markets networks
 Let $$\lbrace x_i \rbrace$$be the zeroes of function f(x). Near the zeroes, you can write the function as $$f(x) = f'(x_i)(x-x_i) + O(x-x_i)^2.$$ As the Dirac delta is entirely localized at xi, you can just drop all higher order terms and it's still exact. Then you can use the scaling property of delta function, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_d...g_and_symmetry
 Ok. Thank you clamtrox.

format: plain


text:
# 10.2 The quantile function

 Page 1 / 2
If F is a probability distribution function, the associated quantile function Q is essentially an inverse of F. The quantile function is defined on the unit interval (0,1). For F continuous and strictly increasing at t, then Q(u)=t iff F(t)=u. Thus, if u is a probability value, t=Q(u) is the value of t for which P(X≤t)=u. As an application, one may generate independent classes with prescribed distributions. Matlab procedures are developed for a variety of problems involving quantile functions.

## The quantile function

The quantile function for a probability distribution has many uses in both the theory and application of probability. If F is a probability distribution function, the quantile function may be used to “construct” a random variable having F as its distributions function. This fact serves as the basis of a method of simulating the“sampling” from an arbitrary distribution with the aid of a random number generator . Also, given any finite class

$\left\{{X}_{i}:1\le i\le n\right\}$ of random variables, an independent class $\left\{{Y}_{i}:1\le i\le n\right\}$ may be constructed, with each X i and associated Y i having the same (marginal) distribution. Quantile functions for simple random variables maybe used to obtain an important Poisson approximation theorem (which we do not develop in this work). The quantile function is usedto derive a number of useful special forms for mathematical expectation.

General concept—properties, and examples

If F is a probability distribution function, the associated quantile function Q is essentially an inverse of F . The quantile function is defined on the unit interval $\left(0,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}1\right)$ . For F continuous and strictly increasing at t , then $Q\left(u\right)=t$ iff $F\left(t\right)=u$ . Thus, if u is a probability value, $t=Q\left(u\right)$ is the value of t for which $P\left(X\le t\right)=u$ .

## The weibull distribution $\left(3,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}2,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}0\right)$

$u=F\left(t\right)=1-{e}^{-3{t}^{2}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}t\ge 0\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}⇒\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}t=Q\left(u\right)=\sqrt{-ln\left(1-u\right)/3}$

## The normal distribution

The m-function norminv , based on the MATLAB function erfinv (inverse error function), calculates values of Q for the normal distribution.

The restriction to the continuous case is not essential. We consider a general definition which applies to any probability distribution function.

Definition : If F is a function having the properties of a probability distribution function, then the quantile function for F is given by

$Q\left(u\right)=inf\left\{t:\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}F\left(t\right)\ge u\right\}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\forall \phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}u\in \left(0,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}1\right)$

We note

• If $F\left({t}^{*}\right)\ge u*$ , then ${t}^{*}\ge inf\left\{t:\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}F\left(t\right)\ge {u}^{*}\right\}=Q\left({u}^{*}\right)$
• If $F\left({t}^{*}\right) , then ${t}^{*}

Hence, we have the important property:

(Q1) $Q\left(u\right)\le t$ iff $u\le F\left(t\right)\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\forall \phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}u\in \left(0,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}1\right)$ .

The property (Q1) implies the following important property:

(Q2) If $U\sim$ uniform $\left(0,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}1\right)$ , then $X=Q\left(U\right)$ has distribution function ${F}_{X}=F$ . To see this, note that ${F}_{X}\left(t\right)=P\left[Q\left(U\right)\le t\right]=P\left[U\le F\left(t\right)\right]=F\left(t\right)$ .

Property (Q2) implies that if F is any distribution function, with quantile function Q , then the random variable $X=Q\left(U\right)$ , with U uniformly distributed on $\left(0,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}1\right)$ , has distribution function F .

## Independent classes with prescribed distributions

Suppose $\left\{{X}_{i}:1\le i\le n\right\}$ is an arbitrary class of random variables with corresponding distribution functions $\left\{{F}_{i}:1\le i\le n\right\}$ . Let $\left\{{Q}_{i}:1\le i\le n\right\}$ be the respective quantile functions. There is always an independent class $\left\{{U}_{i}:1\le i\le n\right\}$ iid uniform $\left(0,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}1\right)$ (marginals for the joint uniform distribution on the unit hypercube with sides $\left(0,\phantom{\rule{0.166667em}{0ex}}1\right)$ ). Then the random variables ${Y}_{i}={Q}_{i}\left({U}_{i}\right),\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{0.277778em}{0ex}}1\le i\le n$ , form an independent class with the same marginals as the X i .

Application of nanotechnology in medicine
what is variations in raman spectra for nanomaterials
I only see partial conversation and what's the question here!
what about nanotechnology for water purification
please someone correct me if I'm wrong but I think one can use nanoparticles, specially silver nanoparticles for water treatment.
Damian
yes that's correct
Professor
I think
Professor
what is the stm
is there industrial application of fullrenes. What is the method to prepare fullrene on large scale.?
Rafiq
industrial application...? mmm I think on the medical side as drug carrier, but you should go deeper on your research, I may be wrong
Damian
How we are making nano material?
what is a peer
What is meant by 'nano scale'?
What is STMs full form?
LITNING
scanning tunneling microscope
Sahil
how nano science is used for hydrophobicity
Santosh
Do u think that Graphene and Fullrene fiber can be used to make Air Plane body structure the lightest and strongest. Rafiq
Rafiq
what is differents between GO and RGO?
Mahi
what is simplest way to understand the applications of nano robots used to detect the cancer affected cell of human body.? How this robot is carried to required site of body cell.? what will be the carrier material and how can be detected that correct delivery of drug is done Rafiq
Rafiq
if virus is killing to make ARTIFICIAL DNA OF GRAPHENE FOR KILLED THE VIRUS .THIS IS OUR ASSUMPTION
Anam
analytical skills graphene is prepared to kill any type viruses .
Anam
what is Nano technology ?
write examples of Nano molecule?
Bob
The nanotechnology is as new science, to scale nanometric
brayan
nanotechnology is the study, desing, synthesis, manipulation and application of materials and functional systems through control of matter at nanoscale
Damian
Is there any normative that regulates the use of silver nanoparticles?
what king of growth are you checking .?
Renato
What fields keep nano created devices from performing or assimulating ? Magnetic fields ? Are do they assimilate ?
why we need to study biomolecules, molecular biology in nanotechnology?
?
Kyle
yes I'm doing my masters in nanotechnology, we are being studying all these domains as well..
why?
what school?
Kyle
biomolecules are e building blocks of every organics and inorganic materials.
Joe
anyone know any internet site where one can find nanotechnology papers?
research.net
kanaga
sciencedirect big data base
Ernesto
Introduction about quantum dots in nanotechnology
hi
Loga
what does nano mean?
nano basically means 10^(-9). nanometer is a unit to measure length.
Bharti
how did you get the value of 2000N.What calculations are needed to arrive at it
Privacy Information Security Software Version 1.1a
Good
Berger describes sociologists as concerned with
what is hormones?
Wellington
A fair die is tossed 180 times. Find the probability P that the face 6 will appear between 29 and 32 times inclusive


text:
# adding \chapter in KOMA scrbook generates a “! LaTeX Error: \do undefined.”

Context: This question is a follow-up of Handling _ (underscores) in a macro's comma-separated list of arguments. In this question I create the macro \codecitep that takes a comma-separated list as argument, and prints these keys generating hyperref links.

Problem: My MWE works great, however, I did not succeed in implementing it in my real document. I indeed get the following error:

! LaTeX Error: \do undefined.

I have tracked down the cause, which is... the \chapter command: \codecitep commands positioned before the first \chapter compile well, but those after don't.

Solution: (Yep, the solution comes before the question!) As suggesting in Cannot find LaTeX Error, reseting \do definition after the error-causing command makes compilation work.

However, adding \def\do{} after each \chapter command is way to dirty, and I don't think redefining/patching KOMA's \chapter command with \def\do{} as suffix is a sustainable solution.

Question: What makes \chapter change \do's definition, and how to avoid it impacts my own \codecitep macro?

\documentclass{scrbook}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{lipsum}

\newcommand{\codecitep}[1]{% cf. https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/87423/64454
[%
\def\nextitem{\def\nextitem{, }}% Separator
\renewcommand*{\do}[1]{\nextitem{\hyperref[code:##1]{##1}}}% How to process each item
\docsvlist{#1}% Process list
]%
}
\begin{document}

\section{Body before chapter}
A sentence with one code-citation only \codecitep{key1}.
Another sentence with two code-citations and followed by dummy text \codecitep{key1, key2}.

\chapter{Chapter title}
%\def\do{}% <----- uncomment to make the error disappear
\section{Body after chapter}
A sentence with one code-citation only \codecitep{key1}.
Another sentence with two code-citations and followed by dummy text \codecitep{key1, key2}.
\lipsum[1-2]

\section{Appendix}
\lipsum[3]

\subsection{key1}
\label{code:key1}
\label{code:a_123}
\lipsum[4]

\subsection{key2}
\label{code:key2}
\label{code:bb_456}
\lipsum[5]
\end{document}

• Use \def\do in your command. – <NAME> Apr 30 '17 at 6:40

The package tocbasic.sty used by scrbook does

\let\do\relax

as part of \doforeachtocfile, which is executed by \chapter. This means you cannot do \renewcommand\do{...}, because \do is undefined according to LaTeX.

Indeed, if I remove \let\do\relax from the two internal macros doing it, the problem disappears.

The \renewcommand{\do}{...} issue has appeared in other situations. The best, in my opinion, is to use your own list processor.

\documentclass{scrbook}

\usepackage{etoolbox}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{lipsum}

\newcommand{\codecitep}[1]{% cf. https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/87423/64454
[%
\def\nextitem{\def\nextitem{, }}% Separator
\forcsvlist\codecitepitem{#1}% Process list
]%
}
\newcommand{\codecitepitem}[1]{%
\nextitem
\hyperref[code:#1]{\detokenize{#1}}%
}

\begin{document}

\section{Body before chapter}

A sentence with one code-citation only \codecitep{key1}.
Another sentence with two code-citations and followed by
dummy text \codecitep{key1, key2}.

\chapter{Chapter title}

\section{Body after chapter}

A sentence with one code-citation only \codecitep{key1}.
Another sentence with two code-citations and followed by
dummy text \codecitep{key1, key2}.
\lipsum[1-2]

\section{Appendix}

\lipsum[3]

\subsection{key1}

\label{code:key1}
\label{code:a_123}
\lipsum[4]

\subsection{key2}
\label{code:key2}
\label{code:bb_456}
\lipsum[5]

\end{document}

• Is there any advantage of doing this vs. using \def instead of \renewcommand (apart from avoiding TeX constructs)? – <NAME> Apr 30 '17 at 13:20
• @AlanMunn It's much cleaner, besides avoiding the issue. ;-) – egreg Apr 30 '17 at 13:38

\do is used in many low level latex constructs, just looking through latex.ltx there is

 \global\let\do\noexpand

in \begin{document}

  \let\do\@makeother

and

\let\do\do@noligs

in verbatim and \verb

\let\do\@makeother

in filecontents

I didn't trace exactly what is resetting it in your use case but basically it should only ever be used for a local definition immediately before the \do separated list is executed.


text:
# How can you stop algebra?

Is there a way to set algebra? For example, if I type $$p cup varnothing$$ I want it to come back $$p$$, The issue is however

`Union :: normal: non-atomic expression expected at position 1 in s [Union][EmptySet],`

$$p cup varnothing$$


text:
## Chemistry: The Molecular Science (5th Edition)

Published by Cengage Learning

# Chapter 14 - Acids and Bases - Questions for Review and Thought - Topical Questions - Page 652b: 34e

#### Answer

$[H_3O^+] = 7.586 \times 10^{- 10}M$ $[OH^-] = 1.318 \times 10^{- 5}M$ This is a basic solution.

#### Work Step by Step

$[H_3O^+] = 10^{-pH}$ $[H_3O^+] = 10^{- 9.12}$ $[H_3O^+] = 7.586 \times 10^{- 10}M$ $[H_3O^+] * [OH^-] = Kw = 10^{-14}$ $7.586 \times 10^{- 10} * [OH^-] = 10^{-14}$ $[OH^-] = \frac{10^{-14}}{ 7.586 \times 10^{- 10}}$ $[OH^-] = 1.318 \times 10^{- 5}M$ $[OH^-] > [H_3O^+]$: Basic solution. Assuming $25^{\circ}C$: pH > 7 : Basic solution.

After you claim an answer you’ll have 24 hours to send in a draft. An editor will review the submission and either publish your submission or provide feedback.


text:
# TSGCTF2020 Beginner’s Crypto

Published:

• Solved after the CTF ended :(
• I needed to see this post sooner…
• One of the answers includes an arithmetic version of left and right shift.
• I need to practice more crypto…

Using rewritten version that doesn’t read input from file.

## First assert

assert(len(x))<=50); where x is a string (presumably).

This means that each unit of length of x is a byte (char). However, to easily deal with integers, we can transform this constraint.

The below is pseudocode!

len(str((int) x)) <= 2**(50*8) = 2**400

## Second assert

assert(str(int.from_bytes(x, "utf-8"), byteorder='big') << 10000).endswith(...)

Assuming we already did the (int) conversion to change x to xint, we get

assert(str(xint<<10000).endswith(...))

An interesting property about left shift is that x<<y = x*(2**y). Also, this is not relevant, but x>>y = x/(2**y)!

This means that our assertion is:

assert(str(xint*(2**10000)).ends(with...))

## Putting it together

Let’s call our given ending sequence R. We will also call L = len(str(R)).

We know that

Eq 1: (xint * 2**10000) % 10**L = R.

And knowing L=175, (xint * 2*10000) % 10**175 = R.

So, let’s try to reverse this!

To reverse this, we would generally multiply both sides by the inverse of 2**10000 % 10**175. However, it is not possible to find the inverse because the gcd of 2**10000 and 10**175 is not 1! reasoning

But, we can massage the right hand terms of Eq 1 a bit (find the gcd and divide, basically).

(xint * 2**10000)%10**175

= ((xint * 2**10000)%10**175)%5**175)

= (xint*2**10000)%5**175)

We can find the inverse of 2**10000 % 5**175!

Then, we multiply by the inverse:

(xint * 2**10000 * inverse = R * inverse) % 5**175

(xint = solution) % 5**175

Keep in mind that 5**175 > 2**400, meaning the solution we get will not be cut off in a weird way. After getting the solution, we can convert the integer to bytes, then to a string. Plug into the challenge and make sure that we pass both assertions!

I tried to use Sage… but couldn’t wrap my head around it… I ended up just using Python. The script is included in the write-up repository.


text:
Expii

# Rate of Radioactive Decay — Overview & Importance - Expii

The rate of radioactive decay is found using the formula $$A=\lambda\times N$$, where A is activity, $$\lambda$$ is the decay constant, and N is the number of atoms.


text:
## 過去の記録

#### GCOEレクチャーズ

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 470号室
<NAME> (Cornel University)
Introduction to the cohomology of locally symmetric spaces 2
(ENGLISH)
[ 講演概要 ]
I will give an introduction to the cohomology of noncompact locally symmetric spaces $X_\\Gamma =K \\backslash G / \\Gamma$.
If $X_\\Gamma$ is cocompact this cohomology can be expressed as the $(\\bg,K)$-cohomology of automorphic representations. I will explain how representation theory and automorphic forms can be used to study the cohomology in this case.

[ 講演参考URL ]
http://www.ms.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~toshi/seminar/ut-seminar.html

### 2010年06月02日(水)

#### 代数学コロキウム

16:30-17:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室

On some algebraic properties of CM-types of CM-fields and their
reflex fields (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
Shimura and Taniyama proved in their theory of complex
multiplication that the moduli of abelian varieties of a CM-type and their
torsion points generate an abelian extension, not of the field of complex
multiplication, but of a reflex field of the field. In this talk, I
introduce some algebraic properties of CM-types, half norm maps that might
shed new light on reflex fields.

For a CM-field $K$ and its Galois closure $K^c$ over the rational field $Q$,
there is a canonical embedding of $Gal (K^c/Q)$ into $(Z/2Z)^n \\rtimes S_n$.
Using properties of the embedding, a set of CM-types $\\Phi$ of $K$ and their
dual CM-types $(K, \\Phi)$ is equipped with a combinatorial structure. This
makes it much easier to handle a whole set of CM-types than an individual
CM-type.

I present a theorem that shows the combinatorial structure of the dual
CM-types is isomorphic to that of a Pfister form.

### 2010年06月01日(火)

#### トポロジー火曜セミナー

17:00-18:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室
Tea: 16:30 - 17:00 コモンルーム

On Fatou-Julia decompositions (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
We will explain that Fatou-Julia decompositions can be
introduced in a unified manner to several kinds of one-dimensional
complex dynamical systems, which include the action of Kleinian groups,
iteration of holomorphic mappings and complex codimension-one foliations.
In this talk we will restrict ourselves mostly to the cases where the
dynamical systems have a certain compactness, however, we will mention
how to deal with dynamical systems without compactness.

#### GCOEレクチャーズ

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 126号室
<NAME> (Cornel University)
Introduction to the cohomology of locally symmetric spaces
(ENGLISH)
[ 講演概要 ]
I will give an introduction to the cohomology of noncompact locally symmetric spaces $X_\\Gamma =K \\backslash G / \\Gamma$.
If $X_\\Gamma$ is cocompact this cohomology can be expressed as the $(g,K)$-cohomology of automorphic representations. I will explain how representation theory and automorphic forms can be used to study the cohomology in this case.
[ 講演参考URL ]
http://www.ms.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~toshi/seminar/ut-seminar.html

### 2010年05月31日(月)

#### 代数幾何学セミナー

16:40-18:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 126号室

On Pfaffian Calabi-Yau Varieties and Mirror Symmetry (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
We construct new smooth CY 3-folds with 1-dimensional Kaehler moduli and
determine their fundamental topological invariants. The existence of CY
3-folds with the computed invariants was previously conjectured. We then
report mirror symmetry for these non-complete intersection CY 3-folds.
We explicitly build their mirror partners, some of which have 2 LCSLs,
and carry out instanton computations for g=0,1.

#### 複素解析幾何セミナー

10:30-12:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 128号室

Singularities and analytic torsion (JAPANESE)

### 2010年05月28日(金)

#### 古典解析セミナー

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 126号室

[ 講演概要 ]
はじめにこれまでに調べてきた3次元アフィン空間の17種類の単純型斎藤自由因子に沿って対数的極をもつ一意化方程式について概観する。つぎにこれらの斎藤自由因子の補空間の基本群と一意化方程式の関係を論じる。Type Biii)の場合に基本群が可換になる。この場合に一意化方程式の解を初等関数をつかって表示することを試みる。

### 2010年05月27日(木)

#### 作用素環セミナー

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 128号室
Catherine Oikonomides 氏 (東大数理)
The C*-algebra of codimension one foliations which are almost without holonomy (ENGLISH)

### 2010年05月26日(水)

#### 統計数学セミナー

16:20-17:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 000号室

R-Yuimaパッケージによるファイナンス高頻度データ解析とシミュレーション (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
ファイナンス高頻度データなど、必ずしも等間隔でサンプルされていない時系列データを効率的に処理するツールとして、R言語のzoo,
xtsそしてyuimaパッケージをチュートリアル的に紹介する。ヘッジ戦略のバックテストなどを例示する。またyuimaに実装されている新しい確率微分方程式モデルのシミュレーション法を理論的な利点とともに解説する。
[ 講演参考URL ]
http://www.ms.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~kengok/statseminar/2010/02.html

#### PDE実解析研究会

10:30-11:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室

<NAME> 氏 (Department of Mathematics
Hokkaido University)
A SELECTION CRITERION FOR SOLUTIONS OF A
SYSTEM OF EIKONAL EQUATIONS
(ENGLISH)
[ 講演概要 ]
We deal with the system of eikonal equations |ðu/ðx1|=1, |ðu/ðx2|=1 in a planar Lipschitz domain with zero boundary condition. Exploiting the classical pyramidal construction introduced by Cellina, it is easy to prove that there exist infinitely many Lipschitz solutions. Then, the natural problem that has arisen in this framework is to find a way to select and characterize a particular meaningful class of solutions.
We propose a variational method to select the class of solutions which minimize the discontinuity set of the gradient. More precisely we select an optimal weighted measure for the jump set of the second derivatives of a given solution v of the system and we prove the existence of minimizers of the corresponding variational problem.

#### 数値解析セミナー

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 002号室

Existence and non-existence of global solutions for a discrete semilinear heat equation (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]

[ 講演参考URL ]
http://www.infsup.jp/utnas/

#### GCOEセミナー

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 002号室

Existence and non-existence of global solutions for a discrete semilinear heat equation (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]

[ 講演参考URL ]
http://www.infsup.jp/utnas/

### 2010年05月25日(火)

#### Lie群論・表現論セミナー

17:00-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 126号室
5月24日(月)-28日(金)に平賀氏の集中講義が行われます

(京都大学)
On endoscopy, packets, and invariants (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
The theory of endoscopy came out of the Langlands functoriality and the trace formula.
In this talk, I will briefly explain what the endoscopy is, and talk about packet, formal degree and Whittaker normalization of transfer.
I would like to talk about the connection between these topics and the endoscopy.

### 2010年05月24日(月)

#### 代数幾何学セミナー

16:40-18:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 126号室

A counterexample of the birational Torelli problem via Fourier--Mukai transforms (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
We study the Fourier--Mukai numbers of rational elliptic surfaces. As
its application, we give an example of a pair of minimal 3-folds $X$
with Kodaira dimensions 1, $h^1(O_X)=h^2(O_X)=0$ such that they are
mutually derived equivalent, deformation equivalent, but not
birationally equivalent. It also supplies a counterexample of the
birational Torelli problem.

### 2010年05月19日(水)

#### 諸分野のための数学研究会

10:30-11:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室

[ 講演概要 ]

れている現象が数多く存在する。その例として、(1)造影剤の濃度カーブを用い
た腎臓癌の転移危険性及び肝臓における血液灌流の評価、(2)大動脈瘤に対する
ステント治療の予後予測、について紹介する。前者は、血管からの造影剤の浸出

のである。後者は、個人差の大きい大動脈形状による血流の違いを数値シミュ
レーションによって求め、統計学的なクラスタリングと併せて予後を予測するも
のである。どちらも、モデリングにあたっては臨床医療の現場との緊密な連携が

の手順や困難な点、今後の展望などについて報告したい。

#### 統計数学セミナー

15:00-16:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 002号室

[ 講演概要 ]

[ 講演参考URL ]
http://www.ms.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~kengok/statseminar/2010/01.html

### 2010年05月18日(火)

#### トポロジー火曜セミナー

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室
Tea: 16:00 - 16:30 コモンルーム

On roots of Dehn twists (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
Let $t_{c}$ be the Dehn twist about a nonseparating simple closed curve
$c$ in a closed orientable surface. If a mapping class $f$ satisfies
$t_{c}=f^{n}$ in mapping class group, we call $f$ a root of $t_{c}$ of
degree $n$. In 2009, Margalit and Schleimer constructed roots of $t_{c}$.
In this talk, I will explain the data set which determine a root of
$t_{c}$ up to conjugacy. Moreover, I will explain the minimal and the
maximal degree.

#### Lie群論・表現論セミナー

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 126号室
<NAME> (Cornel University)
On the eigenvalues of the Laplacian on locally symmetric hyperbolic spaces (ENGLISH)
[ 講演概要 ]
A famous Theorem of Selberg says that the non-zero eigenvalues of the Laplacian acting on functions on quotients of the upper half plane H by congruence subgroups of the integral modular group, are bounded away from zero, as the congruence subgroup varies. Analogous questions on Laplacians acting on differential forms of higher degree on locally symmetric spaces (functions may be thought of as differential forms of degree zero) have geometric implications for the cohomology of the locally symmetric space.

Let $X$ be the real hyperbolic n-space and $\\Gamma \\subset$ SO(n, 1) a congruence arithmetic subgroup. Bergeron conjectured that the eigenvalues of the Laplacian acting on the differential forms on $X / \\Gamma$ are bounded from the below by a constant independent of the congruence subgroup. In the lecture I will show how one can use representation theory to show that this conjecture is true provided that it is true in the middle degree.

This is joint work with <NAME>

### 2010年05月17日(月)

#### 代数幾何学セミナー

16:40-18:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 126号室

On the GIT stability of Polarized Varieties (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
Background:
Original GIT-stability notion for polarized variety is
"asymptotic stability", studied by Mumford, Gieseker etc around 1970s.
Recently a version appeared, so-called "K-stability", introduced by
Tian(1997) and reformulated by Donaldson(2002), by the way of seeking
the analogue of Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence, which gives
"differential geometric" interpretation of "stability". These two have
subtle but interesting differences in dimension higher than 1.

Contents:
(1*) Any semistable (in any sense) polarized variety should have only
"semi-log-canonical" singularities. (Partly observed around 1970s)
(2) On the other hand, we proved some stabilities, which corresponds to
"Calabi conjecture", also with admitting mild singularities.

As applications these yield
(3*) Compact moduli spaces with GIT interpretations.
(4) Many counterexamples (as orbifolds) to folklore conjecture:
"K-stability implies asymptotic stability".

(*: Some technical points are yet to be settled.
Some parts for (1)(2) are available on arXiv:0910.1794.)

#### 複素解析幾何セミナー

10:30-12:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 128号室

On the norm defined on the holomorphic maps of compact Riemann surfaces (JAPANESE)

### 2010年05月15日(土)

#### 保型形式の整数論月例セミナー

13:30-16:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室

Strict positivity of the central values of some Rankin-Selberg
L-functions (JAPANESE)
[ 講演概要 ]
この講演では、荒川リフトというGSp(2)の内部形式上の保型形式に対する、
ある次数8のRankin-Selberg型のL関数の中心値が正となる例について紹介
する。このL関数は岡崎武生氏がGO(2,2)からのテータリフトにより

GSp(2)のRankin-Selberg型のL関数の中心値が正となる例も与える。

[ 講演概要 ]

### 2010年05月12日(水)

#### 講演会

15:30-17:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室
3回連続の最終回です。前2回より開始時間が早いのでご注意ください。

<NAME> (東京大学/Paris南大学)
Independence of families of $\\ell$-adic representations and uniform constructibility (ENGLISH)
[ 講演概要 ]
Let $k$ be a number field, $\\overline{k}$ an algebraic closure of $k$, $\\Gamma_k = \\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline{k}/k)$. A family of continuous homomorphisms $\\rho_{\\ell} : \\Gamma_k \\rightarrow G_{\\ell}$, indexed by prime numbers $\\ell$, where $G_{\\ell}$ is a locally compact $\\ell$-adic Lie group, is said to be independent if $\\rho(\\Gamma_k) = \\prod \\rho_{\\ell}(\\Gamma_k)$, where $\\rho = (\\rho_{\\ell}) : \\Gamma_k \\rightarrow \\prod G_{\\ell}$. Serre gave a criterion for such a family to become independent after a finite extension of $k$. We will explain Serre's criterion and show that it applies to families coming from the $\\ell$-adic cohomology (or cohomology with compact support) of schemes separated and of finite type over $k$. This application uses a variant of Deligne's generic constructibility theorem with uniformity in $\\ell$.

#### 代数学コロキウム

17:30-18:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室

Differences between
Galois representations in outer-automorphisms
of the fundamental groups and those in automorphisms, implied by
topology of moduli spaces (ENGLISH)
[ 講演概要 ]
Fix a prime l. Let C be a proper smooth geometrically connected curve over a number ﬁeld K, and x be its closed point. Let Π denote the pro-l completion of the geometric fundamental group of C with geometric base point over x. We have two non-abelian Galois representations:

ρA : Galk(x) → Aut(Π),ρO : GalK → Out(Π).

Our question is: in the natural inclusion Ker(ρA) ⊂ Ker(ρO) ∩ Galk(x), whether the equality holds or not. Theorem: Assume that g ≥ 3, l divides 2g -2. Then, there are inﬁnitely many pairs (C, K) with the following property. If l does not divide the extension degree [k(x): K], then Ker(ρA) = (Ker(ρO) ∩ Galk(x)) holds.

This is in contrast to the case of the projective line minus three points and its canonical tangential base points, where the equality holds (a result of Deligne and Ihara).

There are two ingredients in the proof: (1) Galois representations often contain the image of the geometric monodromy (namely, the mapping class group) [M-Tamagawa 2000] (2) A topological result [S. Morita 98] [Hain-Reed 2000] on the cohomological obstruction of lifting the outer action of the mapping class group to automorphisms.

(This lecture is held as `Arithmetic Geometry Seminar Tokyo-Paris' and it is transmitted to IHES by the internet.)

#### PDE実解析研究会

10:30-11:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室

<NAME> (Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences
The University of Tokyo)
Exact controllability for incompressible fluids (ENGLISH)
[ 講演概要 ]
After a short presentation of J.-M. Coron's results for Euler equation, we will give the good notions of controllability for Navier-Stokes equations, namely the exact controllability to trajectories.
We will outline the strategy for obtaining local results, based on a fixed point argument following the study of null controllability for the linearized problem. This is equivalent to an observability inequality for the adjoint system, which requires a global Carleman estimate for linearized Navier-Stokes equations. We will explain this estimate and the different steps for obtaining it along the lines of the articles by E.Fernadez-Cara, S.Guerrero, O.Imanuvilov and J.-P.Puel (JMPA, 2004) and M.Gonzalez-Burgos, S.Guerrero and J.-P.Puel (CPAA, 2009).
We will end up with some important open problems.

#### 数値解析セミナー

16:30-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 002号室

[ 講演概要 ]

[ 講演参考URL ]
http://www.infsup.jp/utnas/


text:
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# <NAME> StreetCBS

Ross Street, “Two-dimensional sheaf theory”

Ross Street, “Characterizations of bicategories of stacks”

These two papers basically supply our definitions of regular 2-category, coherent 2-category, exact 2-category, 2-pretopos, 2-site, 2-sheaf?, and Grothendieck 2-topos, as well as the proof of the 2-Giraud theorem. The definitions we are interested in are the bicategorical ones, which appear in the second paper, but the only proofs are in the first paper which does a strict version for strict 2-categories. Note in particular that where he uses the prefix “bi-” we use either “2-” or no prefix; thus our 2-sites are what he calles bisites, etc. There are also a couple of mistakes in the definitions and proofs which I have taken the liberty of correcting here.