# document

id: fbf89737a97e44b09b683c8dcebe52a6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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index: climate_gpt_v2
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content:
"[...] areas and the migrants themselves (Wrathall et al., 2019; Adger et al., 2020; de Salles Cavedon-Capdeville et al., 2020; Hughes, 2020)."


id: ed21dea50cb4f48ef7d799dcf3e2c6f2
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 39097
content:
"Investing in building in situ adaptive capacity through climate resilient development is a precondition to supporting high agency migration \r (Cundill et. al. 2021). Migration only tends to occur when adaptation in situ has been exhausted and thresholds for living with risk have \r been crossed (Sections 8.2.2.1, 8.4.4, 8.4.5) (McLeman, 2018; Adams and Kay, 2019; Semenza and Ebi, 2019). The financial, emotional \r and social costs of leaving are high (Adams and Kay, 2019; McNamara et al., 2021), there are environmental, health and well-being risks \r in destination areas (Schwerdtle et al., 2018; Schwerdtle et al., 2020), and existential threats to identity and citizenship (Oakes, 2019; \r Piguet, 2019; Desai et al., 2021). In receiving areas, without appropriate policies to ensure equitable provision of services, there can be \r socio-cultural barriers to in-migration where there is the perception of a loss caused by new arrivals, although outcomes are mixed (Koubi \r [...]"


id: 5abf9ec5d482abc58d2e5961bc4e7ba
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13219
content:
"Few climate-related planned resettlement and relocation initiatives have taken place. However, initial findings, and experience from past \r development and disaster-related resettlement programmes, show that when implemented in a top-down manner and without the full \r participation of those affected, resettlement increases vulnerability by undermining livelihoods and negatively impacting health, community \r cohesion and emotional and psychological well-being (Wilmsen and Webber, 2015; Dannenberg et al., 2019; Piggott-McKellar et al., 2019; \r Tabe, 2019; Ajibade et al., 2020; Henrique and Tschakert, 2020; Desai et al., 2021). Planned relocation could also redistribute vulnerability \r for those who do not move (Thomas and Benjamin, 2018; Mach et al., 2019a; Piggott-McKellar et al., 2019; Johnson et al., 2021; Maldonado \r et al., 2021) and vulnerability generally is reproduced along existing social cleavages often worsening inequality (See and Wilmsen, 2020). \r [...]"


id: 372fbf628366eafe298dc8bd4ef3614f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6926
content:
"[...] Approaches that foreground participation, non-material and socio-cultural factors, livelihoods and local power dynamics can be addressed \r and adjusted to prevent planned relocation from reproducing inequality (See and Wilmsen, 2020; Alverio et al., 2021)."


id: 4f3efb39fd7724645d1c561cbc49da74
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 11229
content:
"There is inadequate institutional capacity to enable movement relocation, with global and national policies identified as too abstract \r and lacking guidance on ensuring equity (Mortreux et al., 2018; Kelman et al., 2019; Ajibade et al., 2020; Hauer et al., 2020; Alverio et al., \r 2021). Lack of institutional capacity can lead to resettlements being stalled indefinitely. Climate-related resettlement can be facilitated \r by novel institutional structures that expand the definition of disaster to include slow onset events, adaptive management frameworks \r that facilitate a continuum of responses from supporting communities to community relocation and approaches that incorporate existing \r power dynamics (Bronen and Chapin, 2013; See and Wilmsen, 2020). In 2018, the Fiji Government provided a framework for climate \r change-related relocation and equipped communities with rights in the planned relocation process (McMichael and Katonivualiku, 2020). \r [...]"


id: a7a8c9d5fde77babecf2c2c1afeb55bd
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26709
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"[...] However, even with guidelines in place, local socio-cultural dynamics complicate planning, and relocation should take place only after \r cost-benefit analysis of all available adaptation options (Jolliffe, 2016; Bronen and Chapin, 2013; Albert et al., 2017; Mortreux et al., \r 2018). At a local level, issues around land tenure, a lack of financial support, dedicated governance frameworks and complex planning \r processes delay action (Albert et al., 2017). Funding for climate-related resettlement is currently not readily available, exacerbated by "


id: dd85f697038e7b8f6b4872f6ffa98bdf
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36242
content:
"Under land and ecosystem system transitions, gaps include limited evidence for some of the institutional and socio-cultural feasibility \r dimensions indicators of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. Specifically, there is lack of evidence for transparency and accountability \r potential and for gender and intergenerational equity. For coastal defence and hardening, there is no or limited evidence on the indicators \r of employment and productivity enhancement, legal and regulatory acceptability, transparency and accountability potential, social and \r regional inclusiveness, benefits for gender equity, intergenerational equity and land use change enhancement potential. Sustainable \r aquaculture has knowledge gaps for the indicators of macroeconomic viability, legal and regulatory acceptability, transparency and \r accountability potential, social and regional inclusiveness, intergenerational equity and land use change enhancement potential. The \r [...]"


id: 5f99adf4707823ea36a12466b2b5490b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14131
content:
"[...] geographical feasibility for migration and relocation is still an emerging area of research, however, there is limited evidence to assess this \r specific dimension."


id: 807c054ee7e280a0646877d2f6b61348
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
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"AR6 WGII Chapter Representatives: Aditi Mukherji (Chapter 4), Carolina Adler (Chapter \r 17/CCP5), Christopher H. Trisos (Chapter 9), Christopher Lennard (Chapter 9), David S. Gutzler \r (Chapter 14), David Wrathall (Chapter 8), Delphine Deryng (Chapter 5), Donovan Campbell \r (Chapter 15), Elham Ali (Chapter 4), Gerald Nelson (Chapter 5), Gueladio Cisse (Chapter 7), \r Jamon Van Den Hoek (Chapter 8), Jeff Price (Chapter 2/CCP1), Joanna McMillan (Chapter 8), \r Joern Birkmann (Chapter 8), John Pinnegar (Chapter 15), Kevin Hennessy (Chapter 11), Kirstin \r Holsman (Chapter 14/CCP6), Laura Ramajo Gallardo (Chapter 12), Laurent Bopp (Chapter 3), \r Lea Berrang Ford (Chapter 16), M. Silvia Muylaert de Araujo (Chapter 18), Marie-Fanny Racault \r (Chapter 3), Marjolijn Hassnoot (Chapter 13), Mark Costello (Chapter 11/CCP1) Mark Pelling \r (Chapter 6), Nicholas P. Simpson (Chapter 9), Nicola Stevens (Chapter 2/CCP4), Piero Lionello \r [...]"


id: 4b88a08417f2b3ec2ee38cceec910543
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] (Chapter 13/CCP4), Rebecca Harris (Chapter 2/CCP3), Richard Dawson (Chapter 6/CCP2), Tabea \r Katharina Lissner (Chapter 4), Timon McPhearson (Chapter 6), Valeria Moreno Rudloff (CCP5) \r Veruska Muccione (Chapter 13), Winston Chow (Chapter 6/CCP2), Wolfgang Cramer (Chapter \r 1/CCP4), Wolfgang Kiessling (Chapter 3/CCP1), Yukiko Hirabayashi (Chapter 4), Zelina Zaiton \r Ibrahim (Chapter 16)"


id: 70bfa8a6cb34d1137dcc28cafb4664e9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"The WGII Global to Regional Atlas integrates and expands on the \r key messages in WGII chapters and cross-chapter papers to provide \r summaries of vulnerability, impacts, exposure, adaptation and risk \r complementing the narrative in the Summary for Policymakers. Where \r useful for a more complete storyline, complementary maps and figures \r from the three AR6 Special Reports are included. Figures are grouped \r in topical clusters: (1) Biodiversity, Biogeography, Habitability, Health, \r (a) Wild Species, (b) Humans, (c) Livestock and Crop Production, (d) \r Fish Stocks and Fisheries (Section AI.2.1); (2) Water-Related Challenges \r for Cities, Settlements and Key Infrastructure, (a) Drought, (b) Flooding \r (Section AI.2.2); (3) Global to Regional Risks (including economic), \r and Adaptive Capacities (Section AI.2.3); and (4) From Adaptation to \r Climate Resilient Development (Section AI.2.4). Within each topical \r cluster, the Summary for Policymakers (SPM) storyline is followed \r [...]"


id: dc4668ac40fe8d3177c00e9bcea81588
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36023
content:
"[...] depending on the material available, from observed impacts (and \r adaptation) and projected impacts and risks, adaptation and enabling \r conditions to climate resilient development."


id: 839571700a1ee133fadb3dde292fd9ec
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"Vulnerability is a component of risk, but also an important focus \r independently. Vulnerability in this report is defined as the propensity \r or predisposition to be adversely affected. Vulnerability encompasses a \r variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility \r to harm and lack of capacity to cope and adapt (Annex II: Glossary). \r Over the past several decades, approaches to analysing and assessing \r vulnerability have evolved. An early emphasis on top-down, biophysical \r evaluation of vulnerability included--and often started with--\r exposure to climate hazards in assessing vulnerability. From this starting \r point, attention to bottom-up, social and contextual determinants of \r vulnerability, which often differ, has emerged, although this approach \r is incompletely applied or integrated across contexts (Rufat et al., 2015; \r Spielman et al., 2020; Taberna et al., 2020). Vulnerability is now widely \r [...]"


id: e0d506570681cdd2b83b271bf8477722
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] understood to differ within communities and across societies, also \r changing through time (Jurgilevich et al., 2017; Kienberger et al., 2013; "


id: e8f5864a237541f3f3bf50334090c51b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"Figure AI.31 |  Estimated relative human dependence on marine ecosystems. Relative human dependence on marine resources for coastal protection, nutrition, fisheries \r economic benefits and overall. Each bar represents an index value that semi-quantitatively integrates the magnitude, vulnerability to loss and substitutability of the benefit. Indices \r synthesise information on people's consumption of marine protein and nutritional status, gross domestic product, fishing revenues, unemployment, education, governance and \r coastal characteristics. Overall dependence is the mean of the three index values after standardisation from 0 to 1 (details are found in Table 1 and supplementary material of Selig \r et al., 2019). This index does not include the economic benefits from tourism or other ocean industries, and data limitations prevented including artisanal or recreational fisheries \r [...]"


id: 6c702e9b0fdde616a24f4ea756ed55fa
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] or the protective impact of saltmarshes (Selig et al., 2019). Values for reference regions established in the WGI AR6 Atlas (Gutierrez et al., 2021) were computed as area-weighted \r means from original country-level data. {Figure 3.1}"


id: 8501fd1831852345a971742a89d729e7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"(a) Fisheries management adaptive capacity is a function of the following: averaged gross domestic product (GDP) World Development Indicators for 2018 (World Bank, 2020); \r climate awareness assessments of 30 of the FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations) recognized most recent Regional Fisheries Management Organizations \r with direct fisheries linkages; governance effectiveness index based on six aggregate indicators (voice and accountability, political stability and absence of violence/terrorism, \r government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, control of corruption) from 2018 World Governance Indicator (World Bank, 2019) data; and heterogeneity of countries \r within each FAO zone (highly heterogeneous regions are less likely to establish sustainable and efficient fisheries management for the entire FAO zone). Adaptative capacity index \r [...]"


id: aec58f187e7222b132aa915459942ba5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] ranges from 1 (high) to 0 (no adaptative capacity). Ocean areas are delineated into FAO regions. {Figure MOVING PLATE.3 in Chapter 5}"


id: 900e2a2d28b5e8b8f8bc153f1157eb8f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"(a) Countries' reliance on inland fisheries was estimated by catch (total, tonnes) (FAO, 2018b; Fluet-Chouinard et al., 2018), per capita catch (kg per person per year) (FAO, 2018b), \r percent reliance on fish for micronutrients, and percent consumption per household (Golden et al., 2016). Z-scores of each metric were averaged for each country to create a \r composite index describing 'current dependence on freshwater fish' for each country with darker blue colours indicating higher dependence. Projected concentrations (numbers) of \r vulnerable freshwater fishery species averaged within freshwater ecoregions under >2degC global warming and >4degC global warming estimated from recent past (1961-1992) to the \r end of the 21st century (2071-2100) (Nyboer et al., 2019). Numbers of vulnerable fish species translate to an average of 55-68% vulnerable at >2degC and 77-97% vulnerable at \r [...]"


id: 170f838bb1328138b5695e30edd056e9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] <4degC global warming. Darker shades indicate higher concentrations of vulnerable fish species. Countries (in shades of green) that have an overlap between high dependence on \r freshwater fish and high concentrations of fishery species that are vulnerable to climate change under two warming scenarios. {Figures 9.26}"


id: 90902da0849a0209654d99df295b91ac
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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vector_id: 22643
content:
"Figure AI.35 |  Regional synthesis of changes in water and consequent impacts on ecosystems and human systems. For physical changes, increase/decrease refers to \r changes in the amount or frequency of the measured variable, and the level of confidence refers to confidence that the change has occurred. For impacts on ecosystems and human \r systems, plus or minus marks depicts whether an observed impact of hydrological change is positive (beneficial) or negative (adverse), respectively, to the given system, and the \r level of confidence refers to confidence in attributing an impact on that system to a climate-induced hydrological change. Circles indicate that within that region, both increase and \r decrease of physical changes are found, but are not necessarily equal, or beneficial and adverse assessed impacts on ecosystems and human systems. Empty fields indicate variables \r [...]"


id: 8bc8dd6a21c6c0824ee814b1efc75abc
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] not assessed due to limited evidence. Agriculture refers to impacts on crop production. Energy refers to impacts on hydro- and thermoelectric power generation. {Figure 4.20}"


id: 986d5372a00f081b327e081af61ad4de
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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vector_id: 24027
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"(c) Cairo and Alexandria in Egypt (North Africa) in the following two pages. Orange shows built-up areas in 2014. Shades of blue show permanent flooding due to sea level rise by \r 2050 and 2100 under low (RCP2.6), medium (RCP4.5) and high (RCP8.5) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. Darker colours for higher emissions scenarios show areas projected \r to be flooded in addition to those for lower emissions scenarios. The figure assumes failure of coastal defences in 2050 and 2100. Some areas are already below current sea level \r rise and coastal defences need to be upgraded as sea level rises (e.g., in Egypt), others are just above mean sea levels and they do not necessarily have high protection levels, so \r these defences need to be built (e.g., Dar Es Salam and Lagos). Blue shading shows permanent inundation surfaces predicted by coastal digital elevation model (DEM) and Shuttle \r [...]"


id: 5b0a0573ea9381002e055efeaa07d09c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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vector_id: 13268
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"[...] Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) given the 95th percentile K14/RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, for present day, 2050 and 2100 sea level projection for permanent inundation \r (inundation without a storm surge event) and RL10 (10-year return level storm) (Kulp and Strauss, 2019). Low-lying areas isolated from the ocean are removed from the inundation \r surface using connected components analysis. Current water bodies are derived from the SRTM water body dataset. Orange areas represent the extent of coastal human settlements \r in 2014 (Corbane et al., 2018). See Figure CCP4.7 for projections including subsidence and worst-case scenario projections for 2100. {Figure 9.29}"


id: e0d0cb6645c8b4739ec80d2914e2b25d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36811
content:
"Figure AI.50a |  Projected effectiveness of water-related adaptation options. Effectiveness in returning the system to a study-specific baseline state relative to the \r projected climate impact; and level of residual risk retained after adaptation, relative to baseline conditions. Regional summaries are based on sIPCC regions. Warming levels refer \r to the global mean temperature (GMT) increase relative to a 1850-1900 baseline. For each data point, the study-specific GMT increase was calculated to show effectiveness at \r 1.5degC, 2degC, 3degC and 4degC. Based on the ability of an implemented option to return the system to its baseline state, the effectiveness is classified based on the share of risk the \r option can reduce: large (>80%); moderate (80-50%); small (<50-30%); insufficient (<30%). Where the system state is improved relative to baseline, co-benefits are identified. \r [...]"


id: e6b15bf8b41aef95adeca05286565789
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] Residual impacts show the share of remaining impacts after adaptation has been implemented: negligible (<5%); small (5 to <20%); moderate (20 to <50); large (>=50%). Where \r risks increase after adaptation, data points are shown as maladaptation. All underlying data are provided in SM4.8. {Figure 4.28}"


id: 4372e4b6e7110771278ae7ce48b55a4a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 9090
content:
"gg\r Flood risk reduction measures\r On farm irrigation and water management\r Water and soil moisture conservation\r Multiple agricultural adaptation options\r Improved cultivars and agronomic practices \r Changes in cropping pattern and crop systems\r Agro-forestry and forestry\r On farm irrigation and water management\r Water and soil moisture conservation\r Multiple agricultural adaptation options\r Improved cultivars and agronomic practices \r On farm irrigation and water management\r Changes in cropping pattern and crop systems\r Energy related adaptations\r Multiple agricultural adaptation options\r Flood risk reduction measures\r Agro-forestry and forestry\r Water and soil moisture conservation\r On farm irrigation and water management\r Changes in cropping pattern and crop systems\r Flood risk reduction measures\r Agro-forestry and forestry\r Energy related adaptations\r Multiple agricultural adaptation options\r Water and soil moisture conservation\r Flood risk reduction measures\r [...]"


id: 870889aa9520f55abb60e477e9f15a2
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] Agro-forestry and forestry\r Changes in cropping pattern and crop systems\r Energy related adaptations\r Asia"


id: e16e996f579074e3202560967d6e50e8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36930
content:
"1.5degC 2degC 3degC 4degC\r pp\r per Global Warming Level\r Flood risk reduction measures\r Improved cultivars and agronomic practices \r Changes in cropping pattern and crop systems\r On farm irrigation and water management\r Multiple agricultural adaptation options\r Agro-forestry and forestry\r Energy related adaptations\r Flood risk reduction measures\r Improved cultivars and agronomic practices \r Changes in cropping pattern and crop systems\r On farm irrigation and water management\r Water and soil moisture conservation\r Multiple agricultural adaptation options\r Agro-forestry and forestry\r Energy related adaptations\r Flood risk reduction measures\r Improved cultivars and agronomic practices \r Changes in cropping pattern and crop systems\r On farm irrigation and water management\r Water and soil moisture conservation\r Multiple agricultural adaptation options\r Agro-forestry and forestry\r Energy related adaptations\r Urban water\r Flood risk reduction measures\r [...]"


id: 5e93b5659dcc796018a42fe2013921da
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13928
content:
"[...] Improved cultivars and agronomic practices \r Changes in cropping pattern and crop systems\r On farm irrigation and water management\r Water and soil moisture conservation\r Multiple agricultural adaptation options\r Agro-forestry and forestry\r Water and soil moisture conservation\r Global"


id: bf0d72086f191fd5248ee9d091fee84a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 30884
content:
"Figure AI.53 |  The urban adaptation gap. This is a qualitative assessment presenting individual, non-comparative data for world regions from 25 AR6 Contributing Lead \r Authors and Lead Authors, the majority from regional chapters. Respondents were asked to make expert summary statements based on the data included within their chapters \r and across the AR6 report augmented by their expert knowledge. Multiple iterations allowed opportunity for individual and group judgement. Urban populations and risks are very \r diverse within regions making the presented results indicative only. Variability in data coverage leads to the overall analysis having medium agreement, medium evidence. Major \r trends identified in Section 6.3.1 at least meet this level of confidence. Analysis is presented for current observed climate change-associated hazards and for three adaptation \r [...]"


id: 55e85acfe91395fffcf4bda89b9be5ce
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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"[...] scenarios: (1) current adaptation (based on current levels of risk management and climate adaptation), (2) planned adaptation (assessing the level of adaptation that could be \r realised if all national, city and neighbourhood plans and policies were fully enacted), (3) transformative adaptation (if all possible adaptation measures were to be enacted). \r Assessments were made for the lowest and highest quintile by income. Residual risk levels achieved for each income class under each adaptation scenario are indicated by five \r adaptation levels: no risk, occasional discomfort, occasional impacts on well-being, frequent impacts on well-being, extreme events and/or chronic risk. The urban adaptation gap \r is revealed when levels of achieved adaptation fall short of delivering 'no risk'. The graphic uses IPCC Regions and has split Asia into two regions: North and East Asia, and Central \r and South Asia. {Figure 6.4}"


id: 4ba4f0c64b457f852ce17d93f7c37c2
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 10569
content:
"Figure AI.55 |  \"Constraints to achieve adaptation to climate change by region and sector. Constraints are categorised as: (1) Economic: existing livelihoods, economic \r structures and economic mobility; (2) Social/cultural: social norms, identity, place attachment, beliefs, worldviews, values, awareness, education, social justice and social support; \r (3) Human capacity: individual, organisational and societal capabilities to set and achieve adaptation objectives over time including training, education and skill development; \r (4) Governance, institutions and policy: existing laws, regulations, procedural requirements, governance scope, effectiveness, institutional arrangements, adaptive capacity and \r absorption capacity; (5) Financial: lack of financial resources; (6) Information/awareness/technology: lack of awareness or access to information or technology; (7) Physical: \r [...]"


id: c02dd0b10074c720c52628a52cf31bd6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31109
content:
"[...] presence of physical barriers; and (8) Biologic/climatic: temperature, precipitation, salinity, acidity and intensity and frequency of extreme events including storms, drought and wind. \r Insufficient data: there is not enough literature to support an assessment (fewer than five studies available); Minor constraint: <20% of assessed literature identifies this constraint; \r secondary constraint: 20-50% of assessed literature identifies this constraint; primary constraint: >50% of assessed literature identifies this constraint. Data from Thomas et al. \r (2021), based on 1682 scientific publications reporting on adaptation-related responses in human systems. {Figure 16.8; 16.A.1 }"


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created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
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vector_id: 20674
content:
"A suspension of airborne solid or liquid particles, with typical particle \r size in the range of a few nanometres to several tens of micrometres \r and atmospheric lifetimes of up to several days in the troposphere\r and up to years in the stratosphere. The term aerosol, which includes \r both the particles and the suspending gas, is often used in this report \r in its plural form to mean 'aerosol particles'. Aerosols may be of either \r natural or anthropogenic origin in the troposphere; stratospheric \r aerosols mostly stem from volcanic eruptions. Aerosols can cause an \r effective radiative forcing directly through scattering and absorbing \r radiation (aerosol-radiation interaction), and indirectly by acting as \r cloud condensation nuclei or ice nucleating particles that affect the \r properties of clouds (aerosol-cloud interaction), and upon deposition \r on snow- or ice-covered surfaces. Atmospheric aerosols may be either \r [...]"


id: e153fd3bdd8430e8a4e933724ba233d5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36906
content:
"[...] emitted as primary particulate matter or formed within the atmosphere \r from gaseous precursors (secondary production). Aerosols may be \r composed of sea salt, organic carbon, black carbon (BC), mineral \r species (mainly desert dust), sulphate, nitrate and ammonium or their \r mixtures. See also Particulate matter (PM) and Short-lived climate \r forcers (SLCFs)."


id: c7023f95b393aeea18476296c91583a0
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32323
content:
"The gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth, divided into five layers: \r the troposphere, which contains half of the Earth's atmosphere, the \r stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere and the exosphere, \r which is the outer limit of the atmosphere. The dry atmosphere consists \r almost entirely of nitrogen (78.1% volume mixing ratio) and oxygen \r (20.9% volume mixing ratio), together with a number of trace gases \r such as argon (0.93% volume mixing ratio), helium and radiatively \r active greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO2) (0.04% \r volume mixing ratio) methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and ozone \r (O3). In addition, the atmosphere contains the GHG water vapour \r (H2O), whose concentrations are highly variable (0-5% volume mixing \r ratio) as the sources (evapotranspiration) and sinks (precipitation) of \r water vapour show large spatio-temporal variations, and atmospheric \r temperature exerts a strong constraint on the amount of water vapour \r [...]"


id: 34c25e8c38070b9b5e8f2f43ed6965e7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6520
content:
"[...] an air parcel can hold.. The atmosphere also contains clouds and \r aerosols. See also Hydrological cycle."


id: 5afdfdc69b79e27181cf5c30988fcec8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13261
content:
"A proposed new geological epoch resulting from significant \r human-driven changes to the structure and functioning of the \r Earth system, including the climate system. Originally proposed \r in the Earth System science community in 2000, the proposed new \r epoch is undergoing a formalisation process within the geological \r community based on the stratigraphic evidence that human activities \r have changed the Earth System to the extent of forming geological \r deposits with a signature that is distinct from those of the Holocene, \r and which will remain in the geological record. Both the stratigraphic \r and Earth system approaches to defining the Anthropocene consider \r the mid-20th century to be the most appropriate starting date (Steffen \r et  al., 2016), although others have been proposed and continue to \r be discussed. The Anthropocene concept has already been informally \r adopted by diverse disciplines and the public to denote the substantive \r [...]"


id: 5d30ab122b74b4abbe4205063c4c2895
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13670
content:
"There is a diversity of approaches for categorising countries on the \r basis of their level of development, and for defining terms such as \r 'industrialised', 'developed' or 'developing'. Several categorisations \r are used in this Special Report. (1) In the United Nations (UN) system, \r there is no established convention for the designation of developed\r and developing countries or areas. (2) The UN Statistics Division \r specifies developed and developing regions based on common practice. \r In addition, specific countries are designated as Least Developed \r Countries, landlocked developing countries, Small Island Developing \r States (SIDS) and transition economies. Many countries appear in more \r than one of these categories. (3) The World Bank uses income as the \r main criterion for classifying countries as low, lower middle, upper \r middle and high income. (4) The UN Development Programme (UNDP) \r aggregates indicators for life expectancy, educational attainment \r [...]"


id: 9c491c4d0b6c1a34089616b645881324
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 24753
content:
"[...] and income into a single composite Human Development Index \r (HDI) to classify countries as low, medium, high or very high human \r development."


id: 12c2884553a0bc0f9a0705b0c77dbe11
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 503
content:
"The term 'El Nino' was initially used to describe a warm-water current \r that periodically flows along the coast of Ecuador and Peru, disrupting \r the local fishery. It has since become identified with warming of \r the tropical Pacific Ocean east of the dateline. This oceanic event is \r associated with a fluctuation of a global-scale tropical and subtropical \r surface pressure pattern called the Southern Oscillation. This coupled \r atmosphere-ocean phenomenon, with preferred time scales of 2 to \r about 7 years, is known as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). \r The warm and cold phases of the ENSO are called El Nino and La \r Nina, respectively. ENSO is often measured by the surface pressure \r anomaly difference between Tahiti and Darwin and/or the sea surface \r temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific. This \r phenomenon has a great impact on the wind, sea surface temperature \r and precipitation patterns in the tropical Pacific. It has climatic effects \r [...]"


id: a53c95efa385b4ba44757da244e8b872
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26299
content:
"[...] throughout the Pacific region and in many other parts of the world \r through global teleconnections. See WGI AR6 Annex AIV.2.3 (IPCC \r 2021a)."


id: af8d86200cf87be533e914d36d2d31a6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28122
content:
"A set of principles, processes and practices that aim to ensure that no \r people, workers, places, sectors, countries or regions are left behind \r in the transition from a high-carbon to a low-carbon economy. \r It stresses the need for targeted and proactive measures from \r governments, agencies and authorities to ensure that any negative \r social, environmental or economic impacts of economy-wide \r transitions are minimised, while benefits are maximised for those \r disproportionally affected. Key principles of just transitions include: \r respect and dignity for vulnerable groups; fairness in energy access \r and use, social dialogue and democratic consultation with relevant \r stakeholders; the creation of decent jobs; social protection; and \r rights at work. Just transitions could include fairness in energy, land \r use and climate planning and decision-making processes; economic \r diversification based on low-carbon investments; realistic training/\r [...]"


id: 29683271dc7c6124779d1d66ad90a3b9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 4502
content:
"[...] retraining programs that lead to decent work; gender-specific \r policies that promote equitable outcomes; the fostering of \r international cooperation and coordinated multilateral actions; \r and the eradication of poverty. Lastly, just transitions may embody \r the redressing of past harms and perceived injustices (ILO 2015; \r UNFCCC 2016)."


id: fb6b26c51ddd8881ae449485fd5fdcbc
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 41608
content:
"The categorisation of areas as \"urban\" by government statistical \r departments is generally based either on population size, population \r density, economic base, provision of services, or some combination \r of the above. Urban systems are networks and nodes of intensive \r interaction and exchange including capital, culture, and material \r objects. Urban areas exist on a continuum with rural areas and tend to \r exhibit higher levels of complexity, higher populations and population \r density, intensity of capital investment, and a preponderance of \r secondary (processing) and tertiary (service) sector industries. The \r extent and intensity of these features varies significantly within and \r between urban areas. Urban places and systems are open, with much \r movement and exchange between more rural areas as well as other \r urban regions. Urban areas can be globally interconnected, facilitating \r rapid flows between them, of capital investment, of ideas and culture, \r [...]"


id: 88d12699910c9c8c389f6ce0495b25e5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 21234
content:
"[...] human migration, and disease. See also City, City region, Urbanisation \r and Urban systems."


id: 3d05ded3b512757ce8280a7b0116c29e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 7917
content:
"sustainable development and, 25, 132, 2681-2683\r synergies, 24-26, 108, 910, 2687-2689\r transformational (See Transformational adaptation)\r triple-wins, 1240, 1528\r types of, 2434\r uncertainties, accounting for, 29\r urgency of need for, 127, 128-133, 180, 204, \r 1651, 2045, 2048, 2596-2597, 2597, 2657\r water security and, 558-565\r youth innovation and, 820-821\r See also Maladaptation; specific regions and \r sectors\r Adaptation and mitigation inter-relationships, \r 308-309, 558, 653-654, 910, 2687, \r 2785-2787\r co-benefits, 34, 108, 308-309, 960-961, 1238\r synergies and trade-offs, 24-26, 108, 308-309, \r 1239-1245, 2687-2689, 2785-2787\r Adaptation assessment, 22, 71-84, 72-83, \r 126-127, 136, 167, 168-171, 2600-2614\r FAQ, 2620-2621\r feasibility assessment, 2769-2807\r monitoring and evaluation (M&E)*, 30\r monitoring and evaluation (M&E), 126-127, 167, \r 168-171, 2547\r PROGRESS (Cross-Chapter Box), 2610-2613\r Adaptation constraints*. See Adaptation limits\r Adaptation costs, 22, 94\r [...]"


id: dcbd889bcd91c775964534bbe6cf81c7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36098
content:
"[...] projected, 66\r reducing, 26\r Adaptation deficit*, 1103\r Adaptation finance, 30, 656, 719, 823-825, 824, \r 825, 826, 975-980, 996, 1230, 1247-1249, \r 2448-2450, 2542-2543\r about: summary, 22, 28\r access to, 98\r adaptation limits and, 28, 84, 649\r coverage of, 1247\r as enabling condition, 30, 1115, 2584-2585, 2679\r enabling conditions for, 1248-1249\r FAQ, 2617-2618\r future, 1247-1249\r gap in, 55, 84, 2542-2543\r health sector, 95-96\r in Indonesia, 1248\r needs for, 26, 93\r Rio Markers, 2613\r tracking, 2609-2614, 2613\r See also Finance\r Adaptation Fund*, 1115\r Adaptation gaps*, 71, 91, 93, 132, 910, 941-942, \r 941, 989, 1050, 1194, 1239, 2679-2680\r about: summaries, 22, 71-84, 72-73\r finance and, 55, 84, 2542-2543\r reducing, 84, 85, 1240\r Adaptation implementation, 22, 29-30, 2542, 2680\r Asia, 1510-1526, 1536-1537\r Australasia, 1584-1585, 1635, 1647-1652\r cities, 909-910\r constraints on, 78\r early warning systems, 944-946\r enabling conditions, 29-30, 95, 97-99\r Europe, 1820"


id: 41de823db54eee2b68caf2ae74d5e003
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8784
content:
"ethics and, 162-163, 656-657\r evolutionary*, 386, 407-409, 408\r facilitating, 173-178\r feasibility, 23-28, 24-26, 312-317, 313, 2733, \r 2769-2807\r flexibility and, 29\r gender and SDG5, 1174, 2703-2704\r goals of, 41-43, 162, 179\r governance and, 35, 71, 126, 166-168, \r 2581-2584, 2583\r implementation (See Adaptation implementation)\r importance of, 125, 129-132\r incremental (See Incremental adaptation)\r Indigenous knowledge in, 157-158\r individuals and households, 2433, 2433\r inequalities potentially worsened by, 2657\r innovations in, 93, 101, 820-821\r integrated, 23, 99, 106, 108, 2577\r inter-regional climate risks, 2443-2444\r interconnections, 41\r justice and, 162-163, 1175, 2604-2605, 2606\r knowledge gaps, 2437-2441\r limits to (See Adaptation limits)\r linkages, 134, 2658\r local government and, 910, 991, 1232, 2433\r low regrets options, 33, 94, 98\r mainstreaming, 30, 93-94, 167, 909\r metrics, 168-171\r missed opportunities, 34, 93\r mitigation and (See Adaptation and mitigation \r [...]"


id: b1b6048945fba7f9766ca39ad53bdf9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28481
content:
"[...] inter-relationships)\r National Adaptation Plans, 911, 2444, 2544\r National Adaptation Programmes of Action \r (NAPAs), 1192\r Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), 659, \r 911, 920, 1229, 1246\r natural, 386\r natural, human, and physical capital for, \r 1233-1235\r near-term, 15, 16, 23\r not a substitute for emissions reductions, 15, \r 55, 87\r past climate changes (PALEO) and, 154-157\r planned adaptation, 84, 2561, 2562\r political commitment and follow-through, 29, 98\r priorities in, 29, 90, 94, 100\r process and actions, 163-166\r progress on, 2428-2441, 2605-2614, 2610-2613, \r 2620-2621\r rate of climate change and, 154-155, 2431\r right place and time for, 203, 290, 312\r scale of, 22\r social policy-based, 909-910, 996\r socio-cultural factors, 1235-1238\r socio-institutional, 468, 472, 473, 482\r solution space, 126, 1127-1128\r spectrum of, 2557-2558, 2561, 2619\r successful, 180-181, 2548, 2600-2605, \r 2620-2621\r sustainable, 1240"


id: 3ad130b9da988bc73626f0c4a80677a8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 7543
content:
"climate resilient development (CRD) and, \r 2676-2689\r for climate risk management, 2548-2562\r co-production of strategies, 30, 971-973, 1942\r combinations of, 2553-2562, 2689\r context-sensitive, 23\r cross-cutting, 27-28, 99, 2781-2785\r decision making and, 2542\r ecosystem-based (See Ecosystem-based \r adaptation)\r enabling conditions, 29-30, 95, 163-168\r equity and, 23, 25\r FAQs, 994, 2621\r feasibility of, 23, 24-26, 312-317, 313, \r 2724-2733, 2769-2807\r finance and, 824-825\r future, 23-28\r hard and soft limits for, 84-85\r for key risks, 24-26, 88-90, 2551, 2604, 2621\r limits on (See Adaptation limits)\r low regrets, 33, 94, 98, 652-653, 2165, 2543\r maladaptive potential, 68, 2543-2544, 2548\r meta-analysis of, 564\r migration as an option, 476, 633, 930, 1469-1470\r multiple options available, 23\r nature-based (See Nature-based solutions)\r portfolio of, 2542, 2553-2562, 2577-2580, \r 2614-2615\r private sector engagement, 2552\r rapid climate change and, 154-155\r [...]"


id: 10a3bbe4ec75996a8f38caf132ee00b8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 112
content:
"[...] for Representative Key Risks, 24-26, 88-90\r SDGs and, 814, 2681-2683\r success of, 180-181, 2548, 2600-2605, \r 2620-2621\r trade-offs, 1239-1245, 2687-2689\r transformational (See Transformational \r adaptation)\r See also Transformational adaptation; and specific \r regions and sectors\r Adaptation pathways*. See Pathways\r Adaptation planning, 22, 84, 98, 161, 2619\r inclusive, 29, 31, 86\r Adaptation progress, 22, 71-84, 72-83\r storyline figures, 72-83\r Adaptive capacity*, 27, 68, 93\r assessment of, 1194\r building, 27, 35, 68, 97\r cities/urban areas, 26, 53, 937-940, 975\r compound risks and, 67-68\r exceedence of, 47, 55\r fisheries, 767, 772\r food systems, 767\r indicators of, 1194\r limits to, 975\r ocean systems, 456\r social capital and, 767\r social tipping points and, 1215-1216, 1216\r temperature and, 2666\r See also specific systems and regions\r Adaptive management, 110\r Adaptive social protection (ASP), 943-944, 944\r Addis Ababa Action Agenda, 40, 920\r Aeroallergens, 52, 1071, 1095-1096"


id: 417bafadde01bda0ad8f2d2dd43a9b1e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8713
content:
"examples, 296-301, 638, 639-640, 642-643, 644\r FAQs, 666-667, 1998-1999\r food and fibre systems, 811-832\r governance and, 29, 1510-1514\r inclusivity in, 31, 86, 909, 911\r Indigenous knowledge and (See Indigenous \r knowledge)\r insurance, 2589-2590\r key risks and, 2431, 2444-2450, 2449, \r 2451-2452\r monitoring and evaluation, 30\r North America, 1932, 1933, 1991, 1998-1999\r ocean and coastal ecosystems, 475-489, 485\r Small Islands, 2081-2086\r urban areas, 909-910\r Adaptation limits*, 31, 78, 127, 132, 171-173, \r 1174, 1250, 2414, 2444-2450, 2445, \r 2448-2449, 2558-2562\r about: summary, 28, 84-85\r already reached, 28, 84-85\r biophysical, 650\r cities/urban areas, 26, 910\r compounding conditions, 67-68, 94, 1250\r decision making and, 2544\r definition of, 171, 2444\r determinants of, 85\r economic/finance, 649\r ecosystems, 55, 63, 84\r emissions pathways and, 85\r examples, 2445-2447\r exceedence of, 55, 1046\r finance, 28, 84, 649\r food production, 2449\r [...]"


id: 4488b9d0df46e4a839fe50cd4a47f078
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 9288
content:
"[...] hard and soft limits, 28, 84, 127, 171, 649-650, \r 1224-1225, 1250, 1947, 2415, 2444, \r 2445, 2560\r linkages, 134\r mitigation and, 85\r ocean systems, 383\r projected, 84-85, 1217, 1222-1225, 2544\r rapid climate change and, 154-155\r RFCs and, 59-60\r risk and, 2504\r sectoral and regional synthesis, 2444-2450, \r 2448-2449\r on small islands, 2046, 2047, 2049, 2050, 2077\r soft limits already reached, 28, 84-85\r synthesis of, 2444-2450\r temperature and, 28\r transformational adaptation and, 910, 2558-\r 2562, 2559-2560\r uneven distribution of, 93\r urgency for action and, 31\r water-related adaptation, 649-652, 650\r Adaptation options*, 23-28, 1227-1238, 2542-\r 2544, 2548-2562, 2621, 2785-2787\r about: options by sectors, 23-28\r about: summary, 23-28\r 24 adaptation options, 2557-2562, 2559-2560, \r 2604\r behavioral measures, 1460, 1516-1519, 1517, \r 2433-2434, 2434\r benefits of, 2552-2553, 2553"


id: d9cb65690a204ac1455147ac7904ce21
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35612
content:
"social protection, 1389-1393\r South African Karoo, 1336\r species range shifts, 1332\r sustainable development, 1304\r teleconnections, 1329\r temperature, 1290, 1294, 1299, 1320-1321, 1321, \r 1378, 2723\r temperature: projected, 1324-1325, 1378, 2723\r terrestrial ecosystems, 1332-1336, 1334, 1335, \r 1340\r trade, 1388\r traditional earthen 'green energy' buildings, 1395\r transboundary issues, 1289, 1310-1312\r transport systems, 1369, 1370\r tree mortality, 201\r tree planting, 1341\r tropical cyclones, 1290, 1329, 1333, 1361, 1362, \r 1363-1364, 1377-1378\r urbanisation, 979, 1360\r vaccination, 1375\r vector-borne diseases, 1372-1373\r vegetation, 1333, 1334, 1368\r violence and conflict, 1394-1395\r vulnerability, 1294, 1318-1320, 1363\r vulnerability reduction, 1388-1393\r water, 1290-1291, 1300, 1342-1349, 2658\r water adaptation, 1293\r water-energy-food nexus, 1346, 1347\r water insecurity, 1302\r water-related adaptation, 1346-1349\r water scarcity, 1343-1344\r West Africa, 1325-1326\r [...]"


id: df0713f9c0f1c693f02e01cc93c81c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36492
content:
"[...] Western Cape Region, South Africa, 1212-1213, \r 1362\r wild-harvested food, 1353-1354\r Agency, 101, 2659, 2705-2721\r Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030)*, \r 40, 93-94, 128-129, 911, 912, 919, 920, \r 2545, 2598, 2657, 2671, 2705\r Aggregated risk assessments, 113-114, 115-118\r Agreement*, 159-160, 159, 920\r Agricultural drought*, 578-579, 609\r Agricultural intensity, 90-91, 807, 830, 1697\r Agricultural land deals, 91, 802-803, 803-804\r Agricultural productivity. See Crop yields; Food \r production\r Agriculture, 48-49, 57, 90-91\r adaptation feasibility, 2770, 2778\r adaptation limits, 85, 2449\r adaptation options, 23, 71, 90-91, 1240\r adaptation options, ecosystem-based, 309, 718\r adaptation options, FAQ, 664-666\r adaptation options, on-farm, 718\r adaptation options, water-related, 23, 622-625, \r 645-647, 646, 664-666\r as adaptation response, 626-627\r agro-ecological farming (AF), 71, 306-307, 309\r buffering capacity, 782-783\r climate resilient development (CRD), 1242-1243\r [...]"


id: a2c390ff757f960aa01728fac506b8c4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25854
content:
"[...] climate-smart (CSA)*, 108, 624, 819, 829-830, \r 1186, 1242, 1304\r competition issues, 805-806, 835-836\r compound risks, 67-68"


id: 61b43aa8df484609c05ab64f01400505
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14480
content:
"hydropower, 1347, 1348-1349, 1367, 1370-1371, \r 2658\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge, \r 1293, 1313, 1330-1332, 1393, 1396-\r 1398, 1402, 2716\r indigenous foods and nutrition, 1056\r informal employment, 1387-1388\r informal settlements, 987-988, 1360, 1370\r infrastructure, 1292, 1294, 1302, 1302, 1360-1371\r infrastructure adaptation, 1368-1371, 2669-2670\r infrastructure corridor, 2669-2670\r infrastructure deficit, 1360\r insurance, 1293, 1357, 1389-1390, 1390\r interlinkages, 1381\r invasive species, 1338\r Kenya: Vision 2030 (LAPSSET) program, \r 2669-2670\r key risks, 1299-1301, 1299, 1302\r lake heatwaves, 1290, 1345, 1345\r land, 1294\r land-use change, 66\r landslides, 1362\r languages, 1331\r legislative framework/laws, 1289-1290, \r 1312-1313, 1312\r Limpopo River, 1345\r livelihoods, 1291, 1293, 1300, 1350, 1356, \r 1387-1389, 1399\r livelihoods: adaptation limits, 2447\r livelihoods: informal, 1387-1388\r livestock, 1350, 1354, 1355\r losses and damages, 1299, 1300\r [...]"


id: 9fcf497b592ca0906b71115d6bac66f2
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25326
content:
"[...] malaria, 64, 1371, 1372-1373, 1383\r marine ecosystems, 1302, 1334, 1336, 1342\r marine heatwaves, 1329, 1333\r meningitis, 1375\r mental health, 1378, 1379\r migration (of humans), 1292, 1293, 1303-1304, \r 1350, 1360\r mitigation, 1304\r mixed crop and livestock farming, 785, 1302, \r 1350, 1356\r monsoon, 1325-1326\r nature-based tourism, 1338-1339\r nexus approach, 1311, 1346, 1347, 1380-1381\r nutrition/malnutrition, 1046, 1294, 1379\r observed changes, 1320-1329, 1321\r pandemic risks, 1375\r pastoralism, 1208-1209, 1218, 1350, 1354\r perceptions of climate change, 1316\r poverty, 1294, 1302, 1388-1390\r precipitation, 1290\r precipitation: projected, 1324-1325, 2723\r projected changes, 1320-1329, 1324-1325\r projected changes: confidence levels, 1322\r projected risks, 19, 59, 1334-1338\r protected areas, 1339, 1340, 1342\r Rift Valley fever, 51, 747, 750, 1063, 1354\r risk assessment, 1382\r river flow, 1342-1345\r road infrastructure, 1368, 1368\r sea level rise, 1362, 1364, 1364-1366, \r [...]"


id: a01c85f5ddee55fbdc5228d9c176b3ae
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25381
content:
"human-animal conflicts, 1054-1055\r marine, 406-407\r multiple drivers, responses to, 406-407\r Antarctica. See Polar Regions\r Anthrax, 232-233, 2340\r Anthropogenic* climate change, 125, 130, 555\r attribution of, 152\r DAI (dangerous anthropogenic interference), 69, \r 2415, 2420, 2450-2453\r See also Detection and attribution\r Anthropogenic forcing, 152\r Aquaculture, 11, 57-60, 456, 459-460, 763, \r 773-782\r adaptation, 309, 476-480, 722, 779-782, 781\r adaptation feasibility, 2770\r Africa, 1357\r aquatic plants, 779\r Asia, 1467, 1482, 1491, 1492, 1495\r Central and South America, 1710, 1715, 1716, 1730\r Europe, 1840-1841, 1844-1846, 1845, 1849, 1866\r gender and, 775\r inland systems, 773-774, 775-776, 776, 778-779\r maladaptation, 808\r marine, 776-779, 777-779\r North America, 1957-1962, 1958, 1960-1961, \r 1997\r observed impacts, 11, 614, 717, 724, 773-774, 774\r ocean acidification and, 459-460\r pearls, 461\r polar regions, 2332\r projected impacts, 57-60, 718, 775-779, \r 776-779\r [...]"


id: 8d2b4bc115b71632b04abdc7b80fa737
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 22020
content:
"[...] selective breeding, 780\r shellfish, 463, 779\r Small Islands, 2065-2067, 2070, 2099-2100\r sustainable, 2774-2775\r vulnerabilities, 774-775, 776\r Aquifers. See Groundwater\r Aragonite, 396, 412, 1951, 2329\r Arctic Ocean, 431-433, 432\r acidification, 2324, 2329\r primary productivity, 2328-2329\r sea ice, 391, 395, 399, 1936, 1938, 2321, 2324, \r 2325, 2332, 2336-2339, 2338-2339\r upwelling, 2329\r Arctic region, 68, 2319-2368\r about (See also Polar Regions)\r adaptation, 1988, 2321-2322, 2344-2351, \r 2346-2349, 2350\r anthrax, 232-233, 2340\r cascading risks and impacts, 2321, 2325, 2333, \r 2347-2349\r climate change, pace and magnitude of, 68, \r 2321-2322, 2323, 2333, 2351, 2354\r cryosphere changes, 50\r culture and heritage sites, 2321, 2331, 2339-\r 2340\r diseases, 45, 51-52, 200, 232-233\r economies, 2321, 2335-2336\r ecosystems, 11, 45, 1932, 2323, 2324-2325, \r 2325-2331, 2333, 2348-2349, 2350\r FAQs, 2333, 2336-2337, 2339, 2351"


id: 35eea4ea4ad82524db586e1a913d4a3a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6734
content:
"conservation agriculture*, 624, 1242-1243, 1356\r cropping systems, 643, 738, 2778\r Cross-Working Group Box (BIOECONOMY), \r 828-831\r in deltas, 2470-2471\r digital, 808\r diversification, 624-625, 718, 722, 745\r drought-resistant crops, 643\r droughts and, 555, 578-579, 584-585, 613\r emergence of, and past climate, 155-156\r equity considerations, 734\r expansion of, 14, 1695, 1697, 1713\r extreme events and, 717\r farmworkers, 734, 795\r financial actors/investment, 810-811, 823-825, \r 824\r flooding and, 585, 613, 805-806\r gender and, 1468\r genetics and, 743-744, 745\r government policies and, 806\r insurance and, 814-817\r integrated systems, 91, 787\r irrigation, 16, 556, 564, 584, 613-614, 626-627\r irrigation-related adaptation, 645\r livelihood shifts, 1174\r maladaptation, 806, 2437, 2439\r mixed systems, 782-787, 785, 1302\r no-till, 1240\r observed impacts, 12, 48-49, 555, 584-585, 717\r outdoor workers, 60, 717-718, 734, 796-797, 797\r projected risks, 57, 612-614\r rainfed, 733\r [...]"


id: e6ac6a34f4ad9791c3f1ecef89756a8b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37878
content:
"[...] salinity and, 461-462, 585\r smallholder, 585, 734, 806, 823, 1052, 1240, \r 1243, 1293\r soil conservation, 624, 645\r trade-offs, 804-805, 805\r transformations, 822-823\r urban and peri-urban*, 799, 800\r water for, 16, 74-75, 613, 805-806\r water management, 655\r water sources, 624-625\r water use, FAQ, 664-666\r See also Crop yields; Food production\r Agro-ecological farming (AF), 306-307, 309\r Agroecology, 71, 90, 718, 722, 745, 746, 815-817, \r 830\r Agroeconomy*. See Bioeconomies\r Agroforestry*, 640, 643, 647, 718, 722, 783, \r 1242-1243\r adaptation, 71, 786-787, 786\r cocoa and coffee, 784-785, 788, 825-827\r enabling conditions, 1243\r feasibility, 2769, 2775-2776\r maladaptation, 2439\r Aichi targets, 40\r Air pollution*, 1095-1096\r adaptation options, 1109-1110, 1110\r Africa, 1371\r cities and, 928, 939\r feedbacks, 275-276\r fires and, 1045, 1054, 1071, 1095\r human health and, 939, 1095-1096\r ozone, 52, 1096\r respiratory diseases, 1045\r Air quality, 457, 458, 461, 468\r [...]"


id: f28035ccbca7f589d0ebe425c5ad6b31
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40058
content:
"[...] human health and, 1045, 1095-1096\r interconnections, 910\r ozone and, 1095-1096\r in urban areas, 910, 949\r Airports, 934\r Albedo*, 206, 267, 275, 276\r Algae, 401\r coralline, 401, 407, 413, 415\r macroalgae, 401, 404\r as protein source, 753\r See also Kelp\r Algal blooms, 592, 1098, 1603\r harmful (HABs), 20, 404, 463, 469, 789, 1076, \r 1098, 1840-1841, 1840, 1951\r North America, 1946, 1947, 1951\r Alien species. See Invasive species\r Allergens, 1863\r Allergic disease, 1071\r Alpine Convention, 2298\r Alpine ecosystems, 202\r phenology, 225\r Amazon region/forest, 82, 1220-1221, 1704-1706, \r 1754, 1757-1758\r anthropogenic soils, 1757-1758\r biomass, 202\r biome shifts, 202\r carbon cycle, 50, 1691, 1693, 1705, 1706, \r 1757-1758, 2499\r carbon emissions (2003-2008), 250-251\r as carbon source, net, 50\r cascading risks and impacts, 21, 68, 82\r deforestation, 244-245, 251, 1220, 1693, 1705, \r 1707, 2380\r deforestation: climate impacts of, 2380\r dieback, 207, 265, 272\r droughts, 50, 82\r [...]"


id: d3d920bc1038adf080339f8c0288dd4a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34612
content:
"[...] ecological transformation, 56, 82\r fires, 244-245, 271-272, 1220-1221\r irreversible and severe losses, 21\r land use change, 21, 272\r projected changes, 56, 1219, 2500\r tipping point, 82, 272, 1707, 2380\r tree mortality, 272-273\r See also Tropical forests\r Amphibians, 200, 1703\r chytrid fungus (Bd) and, 200, 201, 231-232\r extinction risk, 202, 231\r golden toad (extinction), 201, 2132\r Andes region, 1691, 1697, 1701-1703, 1712-1715, \r 1717, 1723, 1727, 1734\r pastoralists, 298, 1703\r See also Central and South America\r Animals\r animal-sourced foods, 799\r biomass, 57-60\r body size, 225-226, 230\r diseases (zoonoses), 13, 51-52, 57\r diseases (zoonoses) and, 232-233, 233-235, \r 789-790\r feral animals, 1598, 1636"


id: c993662fea1532d9b3a327243a12534d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32789
content:
"fish/fisheries, 59, 2321, 2328, 2329-2330, \r 2333-2335, 2333, 2334, 2348\r food webs, 1950, 2321, 2329-2330, 2332\r human health and wellness, 2340, 2341, 2347\r impacts: pace and magnitude of, 2321-2322, \r 2323, 2333, 2351, 2354\r impacts: severe disruption projected, 62-63\r Indigenous Peoples, 50, 68, 2321, 2322, 2323, \r 2325, 2352\r Indigenous Peoples: adaptation, 2339, 2343-2344\r Indigenous Peoples: Inuit knowledge, 2343-2344\r Indigenous Peoples: self-determination, 2322, \r 2342-2344, 2353-2354\r infrastructure, 59, 66, 933, 2321, 2334-2335, \r 2339, 2347\r key risks, 2344, 2346-2349\r lakes, 210\r livelihoods, 63, 1218, 1224, 2321, 2339-2340, \r 2342, 2345\r marine ecosystems, 1950\r marine heatwaves, 215\r marine mammals and seabirds, 215, 441\r maritime trade routes, 2338-2339\r mercury contamination, 1076\r nomadic lifestyles, 2342\r observed impacts, 11\r permafrost, carbon stocks, 201, 250\r permafrost thaw, 11, 251, 272, 279, 2321, 2325, \r 2331, 2332, 2339\r projected impacts, 62-63\r [...]"


id: 16b8db9dd2d73313077c16f00a23f619
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 1209
content:
"[...] sea ice, 391, 395, 399, 1936, 1938, 2321, 2324, \r 2325, 2332, 2336-2339\r sea ice loss, 2321, 2338-2339\r sea ice projections, 59\r settlements and communities, 2336-2340\r shipping, 2321, 2332, 2334-2335, 2336-2339, \r 2347\r temperature, 215, 391, 1053, 2324, 2325, 2326, \r 2332\r tourism, 481, 1973, 2321, 2325, 2335, 2348\r trade and trade routes, 2335, 2338-2339\r vector-borne diseases in, 45\r water resources, 50\r zoonoses, 51-52\r See also Polar Regions\r id zones*. See Deserts and semiarid areas\r idity*, 569, 570, 2197\r Aridity Index (AI), 2197, 2199-2200, 2200, 2211\r See also Deserts and semiarid areas\r senic, 798\r tificial intelligence (AI), 655, 2585-2593\r ia, 1457-1580\r about, 1459-1468\r about: countries and regions, 1462, 1463-1468, \r 1463, 1467\r adaptation, 1461-1462, 2432, 2436\r adaptation barriers, 1507, 1513-1514\r adaptation, behavioural aspects, 1460, 1516-1519, \r 1517\r adaptation, climate-change (CCA), 1472, \r 1511-1514\r adaptation, cross-boundary, 1489"


id: b31705e5624d387d15079a54b5131564
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28752
content:
"adaptation, ecosystem-based (EbA), 1461, \r 1504-1505, 1505\r adaptation finance, 1507, 1519-1522\r adaptation, food production, 1495-1497, 1496\r adaptation implementation, 1510-1526, \r 1536-1537\r adaptation interactions, 1488-1490\r adaptation limits, 2446-2447, 2449\r adaptation options, 1461, 1471-1472, 1483, \r 1501, 1528, 1534-1535, 1537\r adaptation, triple wins, 1528\r adaptation, urban areas, 1502-1506, 1503, 1505\r agriculture, 1464, 1468, 1490-1497, 1492, \r 1511-1512, 1515, 1533\r agriculture: adaptation limits, 2446-2447\r agriculture: irrigation, 2658\r agriculture: women in, 1468\r air quality, 1460, 1507\r bamboo, 2279\r Bangladesh Delta Plan, 1503, 1513\r biodiversity, 1466, 1473-1474, 1475-1477, 1533, \r 2136, 2137\r biome changes, 1472-1473, 1475, 1532\r capacity development, 1525-1526, 1527\r Circulating and Ecological Sphere (CES), 1462, 1515\r cities, 66, 1460, 1468, 1497-1506\r cities: megacities, 1499, 1503\r cities: urban agglomerations, 1498\r climate, generally, 1463-1466\r [...]"


id: c93d52f10e814f19a317434071b76bd7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32733
content:
"[...] climate change hotspots, 1466\r climate resilient development (CRD), 1461, \r 1526-1532, 2725\r climate variability, 1460\r coal power plants, 615\r coastal areas, 1459, 1478-1483\r coastal flooding, 1499-1500\r coastal habitats, 1459\r conflicts and peace in, 1102\r coral reefs, 1478-1479, 1482-1483\r crop areas, 1493-1494\r crop production, 1491-1493, 1492\r deforestation, 251\r deltas, 1462, 1487, 1503, 1513\r deserts, 2204-2205, 2206, 2218\r detection and attribution, 1464\r disaster risk reduction (DRR), 1460, 1506, 1514, \r 1528, 1529-1530\r diseases, 292, 1460, 1507-1508, 1509\r droughts, 1464, 1498-1499\r dust storms, 1459, 1464, 1478, 1533\r economy, 1468\r ecoregions, 1467\r ecosystems, 1466, 1467\r ecosystems: adaptation options, 1477-1478\r ecosystems: ocean and coastal, 1478-1483\r education, 1525-1526, 1527\r El Nino Southern Oscillation events, 1494\r energy, 1468-1472\r energy demand, 1459, 1468, 1470\r energy infrastructure, 1470, 1472\r extirpation/extinction risk, 1476, 1476, 1477\r [...]"


id: e2ce1ef479f5c84a0be6d023200d3fb
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37198
content:
"fisheries and aquaculture, 1467, 1482, 1491, \r 1492, 1495\r floods, 1464, 1499-1500, 1533\r food production, 1459-1460, 1490-1497, 1492, \r 1496\r food security, 1462, 1494\r food-water-energy nexus, 1530-1531\r forests and forestry, 1466, 1512, 1515-1516\r freshwater resources, 1483-1490, 1485\r Ganges-Brahmaputra region, 1485-1488, \r 1489-1490\r gender, 1467-1468\r glaciers, 1459, 1463, 1465, 1485, 1532\r governance, 1510-1514\r groundwater, 1484, 1488-1489\r hazards, 1460\r health and well-being, 1468, 1506-1510, 1509\r Heat Action Plan, 1503\r heat-related deaths, 1507, 1508\r heat stress, 1468\r heatwaves, 1460, 1464, 1464, 1533\r heatwaves: marine, 1483, 1491\r Himalayas/Hindu Kush, 983-984, 983, 1462, \r 1485-1486, 1485, 1488, 1489-1490, 2280\r human population, 65, 1462, 1468\r human settlements, 1460, 1468, 1497-1506\r income inequality, 1497\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge, \r 1463, 1525-1526, 1535-1536\r Indigenous Peoples, 1525-1526\r infrastructure, 1460, 1497-1506, 1503\r [...]"


id: 42031472630aff521c2f73150e670973
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8812
content:
"[...] infrastructure: impacts, 1501-1502\r infrastructure: technology and, 1503-1504, 1507\r invasive species, 1476-1477\r key risks, 1501, 1532-1533\r key systems, 1468-1510\r lakes, 1487\r land subsidence, 1499\r land tenure, 1504\r land-use change, 66, 1460, 1473\r land-use, sustainable, 1504\r livestock, 1492, 1493, 1511\r losses and damages, 1460-1461, 1520, 1521\r malaria, 1507-1508, 1509\r malnutrition, 1462\r mangroves, 1480, 1482, 1483, 1516\r marine ecosystems, 1467, 1478-1483\r medicinal plants, 1476\r mental health, 1460, 1508\r migration, 1460, 1469-1470, 1505-1506\r monsoon, 1459, 1463, 1466\r multiple stressors, 1462\r nutrition, 1046, 1462, 1508\r observed climate change, 1463-1465\r ocean acidification, 1465, 1466\r oceans, 1465\r ozone, 1507, 1508\r Pearl River Estuary, 462\r peatlands, 301\r permafrost, 1459, 1464, 1465, 1485, 1500\r phenology, 1474-1475\r poverty, 1468\r power disruptions, 1501-1502"


id: 42f9b47cf6c722ea836d3e6d7906886e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8984
content:
"fauna, 425-426\r observed impacts, 388\r projections, 425\r rocky shores, 414-418, 418\r sandy, 424-426, 424\r See also Coastal areas and ecosystems\r eaver, 592\r ees, 740\r ehavioural change, 1460, 1516-1519, 1517, \r 2175-2176, 2433-2434, 2434\r ehavioural plasticity, 225\r enthic* habitats and ecosystems, 47, 431-432, \r 454-455, 2328\r ering Sea\r Blob and, 416\r shelf seas, 427\r hojtal Lake, India, 300-301\r hutan, 1222\r ioaccumulation, 49, 64, 382, 462, 789\r iodiversity*, 280, 468, 2661\r about, 16, 45-48, 55-57\r about: storyline figure, 72-73\r about: synthesis, 280-281\r adaptation, biodiversity conservation, 55, \r 285-287, 2148, 2149-2150\r adaptation, case studies, 296-297, 300-301\r adaptation feasibility, 2769, 2777-2778\r adaptation limits, 45\r Africa, 1292, 1295, 1299, 1301, 1334-1338, \r 1337-1338\r Asia, 1466, 1473-1474, 1475-1477, 1533\r assisted colonisation, 296-297\r assisted migration, 221-222, 287\r Australasia, 1584, 1591, 1635, 1636\r bioenergy crops and, 204\r [...]"


id: 908fbbea5f6ff8e21a5fa0aa7fbad821
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 22642
content:
"[...] Central and South America, 1695, 1696, 1700, \r 1709, 1711, 1712, 1725-1726\r climate resilient development and, 34-35\r connectivity/ corridors, 285-287, 286\r Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), 40, 129, \r 158, 911\r coral reefs, 415, 2147\r disease links to, 233\r diseases and, 291-295\r ecosystem connectivity, 279, 285-287, 286, \r 2777-2778\r ecosystem integrity and, 202\r endemic species, 2046, 2125, 2126, 2132, 2135\r Europe, 1834-1835, 1836, 1838, 1840\r global, 280\r hotspots (See Biodiversity hotspots)\r human health and, 253\r interconnections, 8, 42, 55\r key risks, 280, 281, 2456-2457\r land area needed to maintain, 109, 203-204\r managed relocation, 296-297\r models, 253-256\r North America, 1939, 1958, 1984\r observed impacts, 45-48, 46, 458\r ocean and coastal systems, 16, 72, 382, 438-446, \r 441, 456, 458\r peatlands, 301\r planetary boundaries for, 2661"


id: b85131290adc296ac753f71458639016
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 29640
content:
"risk/vulnerability assessment, 1584, 1646\r rivers, 1597-1598, 1610-1611\r roads, 1620, 1620, 1632\r runoff, 1608, 1609, 1610\r rural areas, 1583, 1584, 1586, 1610, 1618, 1620, \r 1635, 1637\r sea level rise, 1584, 1618, 1621-1622, 1636\r sea level rise: observed, 1583, 1589-1590, \r 1621-1622, 1636\r sea level rise: projected, 1584, 1587, 1592-1593\r 1594, 1618, 1621-1622, 1636\r snow, 1583, 1587, 1589-1590, 1593-1594, \r 1625-1626\r social inequities, 1583\r socioeconomic inequalities, 1586\r species distribution, range, and viability, 1583, \r 1587, 1602, 1603-1604, 1616\r storm surges, 1583, 1604, 1619, 1621, 1626\r streamflow, 1608\r Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area, 300\r temperature: observed, 1583, 1588-1590, 1603\r temperature: projected, 1584, 1591, 1592-1593, \r 2723\r temperature extremes, 1587, 1589-1590, \r 1592-1593, 1618, 1625, 2723\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 1591-\r 1598, 1595-1598, 1608-1613\r tourism, 1583, 1605, 1607, 1617, 1625-1626\r [...]"


id: 27a0f7d90b98c4d880c0f5589cc2104b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 4152
content:
"[...] tropical cyclones and storms, 1583, 1589-1590, \r 1592, 1594, 1623\r tuatara, 1598\r turtles, reptiles and frogs, 1597-1598\r water contamination, 1623\r water resources, 1608-1613, 1617\r weeds, 1594, 1598, 1616, 1636, 1637\r wetlands, 1596, 1598\r wildlife species, 1584, 1595-1598, 1602, 1637\r wind speed, 1589, 1590, 1592, 1593\r World Heritage Areas, 1595, 1625\r Autonomous adaptation*, 284-285"


id: dcaa4f10009696ee3971806962383a55
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36084
content:
"projections, 55-57, 1224\r projections: ocean systems, 440-441, 441, 458\r projections: terrestrial and freshwater, 257-258, \r 258, 260\r refugia and, 203, 271, 285, 286\r resilience, 87\r risks, 204, 280-281, 2456-2457\r Small Islands, 2046, 2062-2063, 2074, 2081-2083\r species responses, 45\r temperature and, 16\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 72, \r 203-204, 253-258, 280-281, 285-287\r timeline to preserve, 204\r trends, 2421\r tropical, 382\r tropicalisation, 438-440\r See also Extinction; Range shifts\r Biodiversity hotspots*, 2123-2161\r adaptation, 2125, 2148, 2149-2150\r climate policies and, 2152\r climate velocity, 2125, 2126-2131, 2129\r climatically suitable area, 2133\r compounding and cascading effects, 2134-2136\r definition of, 2126\r endemic species, 2125, 2126, 2132, 2135\r extinction risk, 16, 2125, 2132-2133, 2135\r FAQs, 2151-2152\r freshwater, 2128, 2134, 2138-2143, 2138, 2144\r global perspective, 2126-2136\r human impacts, 2125\r human impacts: recent (map), 2127, 2128\r [...]"


id: 5d40f1698bd16202a5704bccb7cbde1a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13682
content:
"[...] importance of, 2151\r island, 2136-2137, 2142, 2147, 2150-2151\r list of, 2130-2131\r marine, 2128, 2131, 2134, 2138, 2143-2148\r marine: high latitude, 2146\r mitigation and, 2135, 2149\r observed impacts, global, 2126-2132, 2127-2129\r polar regions, 2140, 2145, 2148\r projected impacts, global, 2132-2136, 2134-2135\r projected warming, 2134\r range shifts and replacement, 2131-2132\r species responses, 2125\r terrestrial, 2127, 2136-2138, 2138, 2139-2142\r Bioeconomies, 718, 829-831\r maladaptive potential, 313\r BIOECONOMY (Cross-Working Group Box), \r 828-831\r Bioenergy*, 1244-1245, 2421\r crops, 34, 204, 653-654\r water requirements, 557\r Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage \r (BECCS), 204, 313, 653-654\r water footprint, 559, 653-654\r Biofuels*, 1245\r deforestation and, 1697\r water for, 653-654\r Biomass*, 67, 828-831\r animal, 57-60, 67\r demand for, 828-829\r marine organisms, 16, 67, 382, 436, 446-451, \r 450, 452\r observed changes446"


id: 51d8aea6e2acb24c71e01af018dd0601
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 11686
content:
"phytoplankton, 382\r projections, 16, 436, 446-451, 452, 2678\r Biomes*\r guidelines for planting semi-natural vegetation, \r 316\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 201, \r 237-243\r See also Ecosystems\r Biome shifts, 56, 200, 202, 237-238\r land use change and, 238\r ocean and coastal ecosystems, 432, 441\r regional, 1334, 1335, 1472-1473, 1475, 1723, \r 1754\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 201, 202, \r 237-238, 252, 262, 269\r Biophysical feedbacks, 275-276, 277\r Biosphere*, 86-87, 156, 202, 274\r carbon balance in, 202, 279\r climate-biosphere feedbacks, 274\r responses and impacts, 71, 156\r strengthening, 86-87\r Birds\r mass mortality events, 216\r seabirds, 215, 439, 443-445, 2328\r tree mortality and, 249\r Black Sea, 427\r Blob, northwest Pacific, 215, 417\r Blue carbon*, 47, 56, 305, 308-309, 383, 464-466, \r 468\r Blue carbon ecosystems, 47, 56, 305, 421-424, \r 422, 464-466, 1841, 2692\r benefits and trade-offs, 308-309\r Blue-green economies, 488\r [...]"


id: 84b7c8c947507cd035a7e6e3d10734f3
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20491
content:
"[...] Blue-green infrastructure, 910, 935, 1461\r Blue infrastructure*, 910, 935, 2692, 2780-2781\r Body size, 225-226, 230\r Boreal ecosystems, 200-202, 2323\r biodiversity hotspots, 2140\r See also Polar Regions\r Boreal forests, 201, 237-238, 241\r adaptation, 308\r browning, 2321\r feedbacks, 276\r projected risks, 265-266, 269, 272\r wildfires, 245, 272\r Boundaries. See Planetary boundaries\r Bramble Cay melomys, 200, 221, 1583, 1591, 1595\r Brazil. See Central and South America\r Browning, 200, 243, 2321, 2379\r Bryozoans, 414\r Building design, 953-954, 989, 1047\r Built environment*, 953-954, 2691\r maladaptation, 2438\r retrofitting, 34, 946, 953, 989\r Built infrastructure, 472, 474, 474, 476, 482\r See also Dams\r Burning ember diagrams, 114, 258, 281, \r 2482-2483, 2486, 2507-2508\r Business-As-Usual (BAU), 1753, 2328, 2692\r Butterflies, 296-297"


id: e75549f438ec22071694abc47be0c75f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37990
content:
"C\r C3 plants, 264, 614, 748\r C4 plants, 264, 734-735, 748\r Calcifiers, 396, 400-401, 412-413, 1481, 2329\r See also Ocean acidification\r Calicification*, 396, 412, 2329\r Campylobacter, 51, 64, 1045, 1066, 1095, 1623, 1970\r Canada. See North America\r Cancer, 1071-1072\r Capacity building*, 26, 95, 97, 640, 2657\r See also Adaptive capacity\r Capital\r human, 1234-1235, 1387\r natural, 1233-1234\r physical, 1235\r social, 767, 1237-1238, 2047\r Carbon\r carbon dependency, 911\r carbon pricing, 2719\r carbon taxes, 2719\r decarbonisation*, 2658, 2690, 2693, 2705, 2708\r low-carbon development, 911, 2660\r social cost of, 2420, 2495, 2498\r storage (See carbon sequestration; carbon sinks)\r See also Blue carbon\r Carbon balance, 22, 47, 56, 202-203, 274-277, \r 275, 276, 281\r Carbon capture and storage (CCS), 653\r water requirements, 557, 653\r Carbon cycle, 56, 274-276, 463, 1836-1837, 2499\r feedbacks, 274-277, 276\r Carbon dioxide (CO2)*\r direct air capture (DAC), 653\r effects on ecosystems, 1335\r [...]"


id: c24508f9db5da98036962550272e8dcb
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31464
content:
"[...] effects on plant growth, 736, 749, 754, 1046\r net zero emissions*, 1121-1122, 2658\r plant productivity and, 749\r Carbon dioxide fertilisation*, 724, 736, 754\r Carbon funds, 2710\r Carbon sequestration, 23, 47, 56, 57, 204, 2692, \r 2769\r climate change effects on, 273-274\r feedbacks and, 274-277, 276\r forests, 240, 250, 272\r mangroves, 459, 464, 2692\r ocean and coastal systems, 440-441, 458-459, \r 463, 464-466, 468, 1602, 2769\r phytoplankton, 440-441\r seagrasses, 1480\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 200-202, \r 204, 243, 249, 273-274, 2692\r See also Carbon capture and storage; Carbon sinks\r Carbon sinks, 22, 56, 57, 249-251\r Amazon forest, 50, 1691, 1693, 1705, 1706, \r 1757-1758, 2499\r ocean and coastal, 440-441, 458-459, 463, 1602\r peatlands, 241-242, 266, 273, 315\r potential reversal to sources, 22, 47, 50, 56, \r 69, 201-203, 241-242, 250-251, 253, \r 273-274, 279, 281, 2499\r terrestrial ecosystems, 47, 201-202, 243, \r 249251253273274"


id: 895e1f68fd068cd66927b13c9fde428d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 21343
content:
"adaptation limits, 1731-1732, 1748, 1765-1767, \r 2449\r adaptation, maladaptation, 1222\r adaptation, national plans, 1730, 1731, \r 1745-1746, 1763\r adaptation options, 1727-1728, 1737-1739, \r 1748-1749, 1753-1754\r agriculture, 1697, 1707, 1710, 1715, 1736, 1763, \r 1768-1769\r agriculture: adaptation, 1692, 1693, 1736-1739, \r 1738-1739, 1764, 1768-1769\r agriculture: climate-smart, 1693\r agriculture: expansion of, 1695, 1697, 1713\r agriculture: growth duration, 1716\r agriculture: intensification of, 1697\r agriculture: productivity, 1691, 1692, 1693, 1697, \r 1707, 1708\r agriculture: suitable area for, 1692, 1699-1700, \r 1736\r agroforestry, 1739, 1769\r air quality, 1705, 1714, 1717\r alpaca and vicuna, 1703\r alpine systems, 1703\r Amazon forest, 1693, 1697, 1705-1707\r Amazon forest: carbon cycle, 1691, 1693, 1705, \r 1706, 1757-1758\r Amazon forest: deforestation, 244-245, 251, \r 1220, 1693, 1705, 1707, 2380\r Amazon forest: tipping point, 272, 1707, 2380\r Amazon region, 1704-1706, 1754\r [...]"


id: fb6b15595b5922ecb532162e85139ae8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 41607
content:
"[...] Amazon region: anthropogenic soils, 1757-1758\r Amazon region: drought, 1704, 1706-1707\r amphibians, 1703\r andean pastoralists, 298, 1703\r Andes region, 1691, 1697, 1701-1703, 1712-\r 1715, 1717, 1723, 1727, 1734\r aquaculture, 1710, 1715, 1716, 1730\r biodiversity, 1695, 1696, 1700, 1709, 1711, 1712, \r 1725-1726\r biodiversity hotspots, 1693, 1712, 1715, 2136, \r 2137, 2139\r biofuel production, 1697\r biomes, 1697\r biomes: biome shifts, 1723, 1754\r carbon cycle, 1691, 1693, 1705, 1706, 1757-1758\r case studies, 1756-1760\r Cerrado biome, 1706, 1707, 1712, 1763\r chikungunya, 51, 1702, 1710\r cities, 1698, 1711, 1716-1717, 1739-1742, 1746, \r 1761\r cities: adaptation, 1692, 1693, 1753, 1764, \r 1766-1767\r cities: impact synthesis, 1725\r cities: informal settlements, 1692, 1693, 1701, \r 1739, 1740-1741, 1746\r cities: megacities, 1739\r cities: population, 1698, 1707, 1709, 1711, 1739\r cities: San Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, \r Buenos Aires, 1711, 1712\r [...]"


id: 650d8d10070e9cf37968436cb33f0e29
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15045
content:
"[...] cities: urban heat islands, 1711, 1712\r climate change finance, 1752-1753\r climate change perceptions, 1693, 1750\r climate justice, 1693"


id: 998d280c9161601cbe4eacf7756df06
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 24244
content:
"Carbon stocks*, 56, 69, 249-251\r high-carbon ecosystems, 22, 201-203, 249-251, \r 273\r Carbonate chemistry, 401, 413\r Cardiovascular diseases, 13, 64, 1070, 1096-1097\r Caribbean Region, 2071-2072\r See also Small Islands\r Caribou, 1945\r Carpathian Convention, 2298\r Cascading impacts*, 20-21, 67-68, 724, 724, 909\r about: storyline figure, 82-83\r food production, 724, 724\r food webs, 67\r health, 1050-1051\r infrastructure, 916, 935-936\r linkages, 82-83, 134\r mega-disturbances, 1946\r polar regions, 2321, 2325, 2333, 2347-2349\r small islands, 2045, 2071-2072, 2073\r urban areas, 909, 916\r wildfires, 83, 1600-1601\r Cascading risks, 20-21, 66, 67-68, 82-83, 147, 912, \r 935-936, 1065\r compound risk vs., 83\r Catalysing conditions, 98, 2596-2600\r climate litigation, 2598, 2599\r social movements and, 101, 2598-2600, 2736\r urgency, 2596-2597, 2597\r Catalysts, 98, 126, 164-165, 2543, 2598\r Cattle. See Livestock\r Central and South America, 1689-1816\r about, 1691-1698, 1695, 1696, 1763-1764\r [...]"


id: 2fa2d40df1978f5e999d5920efb07af6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 5643
content:
"[...] about: subregions, 1695, 1695-1696, 1724-1726\r about: Central America (CA), 1695, 1698-1700, \r 1724-1726\r about: Northeastern South America (NES), 1695, \r 1709-1710, 1724-1726\r about: Northern South America (NSA), 1695, \r 1703-1706, 1724-1726\r about: Northwestern South America (NWS), 1695, \r 1700-1703, 1724-1726\r about: South American Monsoon (SAM), 1695, \r 1706-1709, 1724-1726\r about: Southeastern South America (SES), 1695, \r 1711-1713, 1724-1726\r about: Southern South America (SSA), 1695, \r 1717-1719, 1724-1726\r about: Southwestern South America (SWS), 1695, \r 1713-1717, 1724-1726\r adaptation, 1692, 1693-1694, 1697, 1725-1760, \r 1763-1764, 2432, 2436\r adaptation barriers, 1692, 1731-1732\r adaptation, case studies, 1756-1760\r adaptation, ecosystem-based, 1692, 1727-1728, \r 1729, 1756-1758, 1763\r adaptation, engagement in, 1693\r adaptation feasibility, 1755-1756, 1755\r adaptation governance and finance, 1692, 1693, \r 1694, 1727, 1740, 1745, 1752-1753, \r 1758-1760\r [...]"


id: 4306fda4169cabf007045de217ccbffc
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8995
content:
"losses and damages, 1699, 1712, 1733\r maize, 1699-1700, 1708, 1710, 1716\r malaria, 64, 1699, 1702, 1702, 1705\r mangroves, 1691, 1710, 1713, 1729-1730\r marine protected areas, 1730\r Mesoamerica, 1695\r Mexico (See North America)\r migration and displacement, 1226, 1691-1692, \r 1703, 1704, 1710, 1751-1752, \r 1767-1768\r migration and displacement: by subregion, 1725\r mining, 1714-1715\r observed changes and impacts, 1691-1692, 1697, \r 1698-1721\r ocean and coastal ecosystems, 1691, 1693, 1697, \r 1714, 1716, 1728-1732, 1761\r ocean and coastal systems: adaptation, 1692, \r 1729-1730, 1730\r ocean and coastal systems: impacts, 1706, 1725\r ocean and coastal systems: sensitivity of, 1721\r Pantanal, 1706, 1707\r pastoralism, 1717\r Patagonia, 1717, 1718\r payment for ecosystem services (PES), 1692\r penguins, 1718\r permafrost, 1702, 1715\r pine (Pinus), 1714, 1715, 1719\r plants/vegetation, 1707\r poverty, 1693, 1695, 1697, 1698-1699, 1710, \r 1712, 1727, 1746-1749, 1762, 1765-1766\r [...]"


id: 6b791063ed673972a87f6b7f8d3a96b4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16210
content:
"[...] poverty: by subregion, 1725\r precipitation, 1691, 1703-1704, 1708, 1709, \r 1713, 1714, 1717, 2723\r precipitation extremes, 1692-1693, 1698, 1702, \r 1709\r projected changes and impacts, 19, 59, 1692-\r 1693, 1697, 1698-1721\r protected areas, 1692, 1727, 1730\r Quito, Ecuador, 1756-1757\r regional impacts, 1724-1725\r rice, 1716\r rivers, 1692, 1707-1708, 1711-1712, 1718\r runoff, 1701, 1708, 1718\r rural areas, 1695, 1698, 1710, 1728\r rural livelihoods, 1692, 1712\r rural poor, 1698-1699\r sea level rise, 1704, 1709, 1712, 1714, 1723, 1754\r slums, 1701, 1712, 1746\r snow, 1702, 1714, 1717, 1718\r social movements, 1693, 1749-1750\r soil (anthropogenic soils), 1757-1758\r soybeans, 1697, 1708, 1716\r species range and distributions, 1691, 1712\r storm surges, 1712\r streamflows, 1697, 1708, 1715-1716\r sugarcane, 1697, 1699, 1736\r sustainable development, 1746-1749, 1766-1767\r temperature, 1704, 1714, 1715, 1717, 2723\r temperature extremes, 1691, 1698, 1703, 1706, \r 1717, 1763, 2723\r [...]"


id: 731bc564312c5d25d306089d3edf8f54
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 17501
content:
"[...] Terras Pretas de Indio, 1757-1758\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 1691, \r 1725-1729, 1725, 1760-1761"


id: cba2df0abf9d023876aedfff5dff86df
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 33153
content:
"terrestrial and freshwater systems: adaptation, \r 1692, 1755-1756\r terrestrial and freshwater systems: impacts, 1706\r tourism, 1709, 1710, 1714\r transport systems, 1742\r undernutrition, 1697\r vulnerabilities, 1691-1692, 1698-1721, 1720\r vulnerable groups, 1695, 1750\r water, 1725, 1732-1736, 1755, 1764\r water availability, 1692, 1697, 1699, 1700, 1714\r water governance, 1758-1760\r water insecurity, 1722, 1753\r water management, 1692\r water quality, 1732-1733\r water-related conflicts, 1735\r water resources, 1691, 1702-1703, 1712, 1714, \r 1763\r water scarcity, 1693, 1710, 1716, 1717, 1732-1733\r water supply, 1692\r wetlands, 1691, 1692, 1713, 1718\r wheat, 1716\r Zika, 1691, 1710\r Certainty, 159-160, 159\r See also Uncertainty\r Certainty language, 40, 41\r Chagas disease, 1969\r Change\r abrupt change, 442-445, 445, 2416, 2457, 2661\r irreversible (See Tipping points)\r land use (See Land-use change)\r Chikungunya, 51, 1063, 1093-1094, 1702, 1710, \r 1969, 2427\r in Europe, 1862\r Children\r [...]"


id: 4255bfd0c04eb96480bd47db2cd3f1e3
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8868
content:
"[...] differential impacts, 17, 1197, 1218-1219\r diseases and, 1089, 1097\r future of, 162, 1860\r health, 1045, 1053, 1219, 1221\r mental health, 1046, 1076\r mortality (deaths), 1046, 1094, 1192, 1207\r nutrition, 1046, 1049, 1089, 1097, 1209, 1219\r stunted growth, 51, 1089\r vulnerabilities, 49, 65, 1052, 1053, 1185, 1198, \r 1206, 1217\r Chile: mega-fires (2017), 589, 591\r China\r Pearl River Estuary, 462\r urban resilience (Xi'Xian), 985\r See also Asia\r Choices. See Societal choices\r Cholera, 13, 64, 292-294, 1064, 1371\r Chytrid fungus, 200, 201, 231-232\r Ciguatera fish poisoning, 2064-2065\r Circular bioeconomies, 718, 829-831\r Circular economies, 631, 718\r Circulating and Ecological Sphere (CES), 1462, \r 1515\r Circulation\r atmospheric, 1591\r oceanic, 391, 395\r Cities and settlements*, 907-1040\r about, 912-916\r about: summaries, 17, 53-54, 65-66"


id: cf2c7a7b666c085728152f5f3f585492
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 33795
content:
"gender aspects, 1692, 1750-1751\r glaciers, 1691, 1701, 1702-1703, 1714, 1717, 1718\r glaciers: glacier lakes, 1715\r glaciers: lake outburst floods, 1715\r glaciers: regional overview, 1734\r governance, 1692, 1693, 1727, 1746-1747\r grasslands, 1696, 1700, 1717, 1724, 1768\r greenhouse gas emissions, 1697\r gross national income, 1696\r groundwater, 1716\r Guatemala, water governance, 1759-1760\r hazards, 1698-1721, 1719, 1744\r health, 1691, 1699, 1710, 1714, 1722, 1742-1746, \r 1761-1762, 1764\r health : adaptation, 1692, 1742-1746, 1753, 1755\r health : climate hazards, 1744\r health : impact synthesis, 1725\r health : national health plans, 1745\r heat stress, 1699, 1712\r heatwaves, 1697, 1698, 1704, 1708, 1713\r housing, 1692, 1701, 1740-1741\r Human Development Index, 1696\r human population, 1695, 1696, 1698, 1709\r hurricanes, 1699\r hydropower, 1701, 1708, 1710, 1718\r impacts, 1698-1721, 1763\r impacts: key impacts, 1721-1725\r impacts: regional synthesis, 1724-1725\r [...]"


id: 17bdfc36304ac2cdcf00f801f60f6a96
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 1386
content:
"[...] Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge, 1692, \r 1693, 1705, 1733-1734, 1749, 1770\r Indigenous Peoples, 1692, 1695, 1704, 1705, \r 1716, 1770\r Indigenous Peoples: adaptation, 1704-1705, \r 1733-1734, 1749, 1770, 2716\r Indigenous Peoples: agriculture, 1699\r inequalities, 1693, 1707, 1714, 1715, 1739-1740, \r 1746, 1765-1766\r infrastructure, 1691, 1714, 1716, 1722, \r 1739-1742, 1761\r infrastructure: adaptation, 1692, 1741-1742, \r 1753, 1754\r infrastructure: green and grey, 1741-1742\r infrastructure: impacts (synthesis), 1725, 1754\r insurance, 1693, 1731, 1737, 1738, 1748\r invasive species, 1712\r key risks, 1692-1693, 1721-1725, 1722-1723, \r 1726\r key risks: adaptation options, 1753-1756, \r 1753-1754\r knowledge gaps, 1760-1763\r land cover, 1696\r land use, 1691, 1736, 1747\r land use change, 1693, 1695, 1697, 1714, 1739, \r 1763\r landslides, 1691, 1692, 1701, 1711, 1715, 1722\r leishmaniasis, 1699, 1705\r leptospirosis, 1702\r life expectancy, 1696\r Lima, Peru: water governance, 1758-1759\r [...]"


id: 324d4c64872072d944cb4d8b44532897
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6105
content:
"[...] livelihoods, 1691, 1701, 1705, 1715, 1746-1749, \r 1762\r livelihoods: rural, 1692, 1699, 1704\r livestock/cattle, 1697, 1699, 1718, 1737-1739"


id: 9464ecca96336666ad6224274c5ae483
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 23315
content:
"water deficits, 558\r women in governance, 973\r See also Informal settlements; Urban areas; \r Urbanisation\r Cities and settlements by the sea, 33, 53-54, 66, \r 68, 2163-2194\r about, 2167-2169\r accomodation of built environment, 2173, 2174\r adaptation, 2165-2166, 2172-2175, 2174, 2183\r adaptation gap, 2166\r adaptation pathways, 2175\r advance, 2173-2174, 2174\r archetypes, 2167-2169, 2168-2169, 2174\r behavioural change, 2175-2176\r choices and behaviour, 2166\r climate change risks, 2169-2171, 2170\r climate resilient development (CRD), 2165, 2166, \r 2181-2182, 2184\r compound and cascading risks, 2165, 2171\r defined, 2167\r deltas, 2174\r enabling conditions, 2175-2182\r examples, 2168\r exposure, 2167\r FAQs, 2182-2184\r finance, 2176-2177\r flooding, 2169\r governance, 2177-2181, 2178, 2184\r habitability, 2165\r hard protection, 2172, 2174, 2183\r hazards and impacts, 2168-2169, 2169-2171\r infrastructure, 2170, 2171\r innovation and, 2165, 2166\r institutions and regulations, 2166\r [...]"


id: f815340dcbc4e41b9553a8d21b28ce40
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 41020
content:
"[...] interconnected challenges, 2184\r interventions for, 2165-2166\r lessons learned, 2179-2180\r low-regret actions, 2165\r megacities, 2167, 2174, 2175\r nature-based measures, 2172-2173\r population in, 34, 382, 2167, 2168\r projections and scenarios, 2165\r protection, 2172-2173, 2174\r retreat, 2174-2175, 2174\r risks, 2165, 2169-2171, 2170, 2171, 2182, 2183\r sea level rise, 2165, 2171, 2171, 2173, 2174\r sediment-based measures, 2172, 2174, 2183\r soft engineering, 2172, 2174, 2183\r submergence, 2165\r types of settlements, 2167-2169, 2168\r urbanisation, 2167-2169\r Citizen science, 30\r Cleantech venture capital, 2710\r Climate*, 44\r common climate dimensions, 9-10, 44, 139\r Cross-Chapter Box (CLIMATE), 137-145\r feedbacks: ecosystem-climate, 274-277, 275, 276\r human influence on, 125, 129, 130-131, 152, \r 1931, 1939, 2655, 2684\r interactions of urban areas with, 922-928\r past climate (PALEO), 154-157\r weather and, 152, 587"


id: 6441d5faa61394461631552d2dc5befb
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14923
content:
"about: storyline figure, 80-81\r adaptation (See Urban adaptation)\r adaptive capacity, 26, 53, 909, 937-940, 975\r air pollution, 928\r building design, 953-954, 989\r carbon dependency, 911\r case studies, 983-988\r climate resilient development, 33-34, 911, \r 989-990, 2730\r climate shocks, 976-977\r coastal (See Cities and settlements by the sea)\r compound events and impacts, 67-68, 909, \r 935-936\r COVID-19 and, 909, 959\r Cross-Working Group Box (URBAN), 988-991\r decision making in, 2601-2602\r definition of, 914, 915\r as drivers of climate change, 989\r economic impacts, 909\r exposure, 53-54\r FAQs, 992-996\r functional disruptions, 17\r global trends, 916-917\r governance, 91, 910, 913, 964, 973\r green spaces, 289, 309\r heat islands, 922-925, 952, 1711, 1712\r impacts and risks, 921-940\r informal settlements, 53, 909, 911, 912, 917\r information and communication technologies, \r 910, 931, 954\r infrastructure, 910, 914, 921-940\r infrastructure: adaptation, 942-947, 952-958\r [...]"


id: 1433e7b7af465c4d30e3e29ba57de0e9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 774
content:
"[...] interconnections, 34, 68, 91, 910, 916\r interdependence, 910, 912, 913, 988-989\r key risks, 938-939, 993\r low-carbon development, 911\r megacities*, 916-917, 1194, 1499, 1503, 2167, \r 2174, 2175\r metaregions, 912\r morphology and design, 26, 952-954, 974\r New Urban Agenda*, 911, 912, 920\r observed impacts, 12, 46, 53-54, 909\r planning (See Urban planning)\r policy context, 913\r population in, 17, 34, 53, 65, 80, 909, 912, 914\r population growth, 53, 65, 909, 916-917\r poverty and, 80, 921, 929, 943-944, 1701, 1712, \r 1746\r projected risks, 17, 65-66, 616-617\r risk creation, 66, 910, 921-922\r risks, 909, 910, 921-940, 938-939\r sanitation systems, 934-935, 949-950, 956-957\r SDGs, 910, 911, 912, 2730\r size class by population, 914\r slums, 1701, 1712, 1746\r sustainability, 2691-2692\r terminology, 914-916\r transitions (system transitions), 26-27, 2691-\r 2692, 2699, 2779-2781\r unplanned settlements, 53, 909, 912\r urban agglomerations (Asia), 1498\r urban morphology, 26, 952-954, 974\r [...]"


id: c55540c94dcde7832b55a21220eff086
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32023
content:
"Climate action, 42, 108, 125, 1238, 2419, \r 2664-2665, 2720-2721\r actions and outcomes, 8, 2662\r capacity for, 2657\r climate resilient development and, 2660, \r 2661-2666, 2662-2665, 2720-2721\r consensus building for, 1940\r development pathways and, 2662-2663, \r 2670-2689, 2674\r differing perspectives and priorities, 2673, 2733\r fragmented, 2665\r frontiers of, 2720-2721\r health benefits, 1124-1125\r litigation, 650, 2543, 2598, 2599\r motivation and, 2595-2596\r near-term, 15, 16\r perceptions of climate change and, 1939-1942, \r 1941\r policy context, 40, 2666-2667\r scale of action needed, 108\r SDG 13, 2666\r sustainable development and, 2657, 2666, 2670\r timeline for action, 55-56, 204, 2659\r transformative, 2665, 2668-2669\r transitions enabling, 2660, 2665, 2736\r urgency for, 31, 42, 55-56, 127, 128-133, 146, \r 204, 1203, 1985, 2045, 2047, 2048, \r 2596-2597\r urgency levels, 2596-2597, 2597\r window of opportunity for, 31, 32-33, 35, \r 102-107, 204, 2658, 2662-2663\r [...]"


id: 26b199d61c9042ae9de04fa7506cfbdb
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 3964
content:
"[...] youth and social movements, 911, 912, 946-947, \r 963, 2418, 2720-2721, 2736\r See also Urgency\r Climate change*, 42, 2662-2663\r additional deaths attributable to, 1089\r anxiety about, 1078\r assessment of, 130-132, 133\r attribution of, 151-154\r communication about, 126, 159-160, 159, 1931, \r 1940\r consensus building, 1940\r current severe risks from, 2657\r ecosystem health and, 92\r education about, 946-947, 1525\r evidence of worldwide impacts, 129\r future outcomes, 2658, 2662\r future response capacities, 1214-1215\r human dimensions of, 1177\r human influence as unequivocal and growing, \r 123, 125, 129, 130-131, 152, 1931, 1939, \r 2655, 2684\r impacts (See Impacts)\r inaction and, 1585, 1586, 2665\r key concept linkages, 134\r linkages, 8, 42, 82-83\r mid to long-term risks, 16-17, 18-20\r misinformation on, 1931, 1939-1940\r near-term risks, 15\r past and future, 2662\r past (paleo-ecological evidence), 154-155\r perceptions of, 1316, 1645-1646, 1931, \r 1939194219412596"


id: 5197cc4fb2dc966add897a5a3fd57b9c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 11635
content:
"biodiversity and, 34-35\r capacity building, 27, 35, 68\r civic engagement, 33, 112, 2659\r climate action and, 2670-2689, 2720-2721\r climate change risk, regional, 2721-2722, 2723\r climate justice and, 1175, 1238, 2657\r co-benefits of, 34, 108, 109, 2657\r conclusions on, 2732-2733\r conditions for, 31\r constraints and limits, 2657\r coordinated adaptation and mitigation with, \r 2658, 2687\r current pathways, 100, 2657, 2660\r decision making and, 34, 1245-1247, 2614-2615, \r 2660, 2661\r decisions resolving divergent views, 33\r definition of, 177, 2657, 2734\r development patterns and, 31, 2658, 2659, \r 2670-2689, 2674\r development perspectives, 31, 2671-2673\r differential starting points for, 31, 1174, 2661\r differing capacities, 31, 35, 2659, 2661-2666\r differing opinions and priorities, 90, 2658, 2661, \r 2673\r differing perspectives, 2673, 2733\r economics and finance, 35, 2717-2718, \r 2718-2719, 2721\r ecosystem health and, 92, 310-311\r ecosystem-level, 302-317, 310-311, 2694-2697\r [...]"


id: 3bc902a711f9f0dc6efec20d4495352b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 7703
content:
"[...] emissions pathways, and likelihood of being \r realized, 2658\r empowerment in, 2666, 2736\r enabling conditions, 31-33, 101, 108-109, 112, \r 2658, 2659-2660, 2667, 2706-2711\r equity and, 31, 2658, 2659, 2661, 2667, 2668, \r 2733\r ethical considerations, 2658, 2667\r European cities, 1883\r example: Vision 2030 in Kenya, 2669-2670\r FAQs, 2734-2737\r feasibility, 2724-2732, 2769-2807\r five pillars (people, planet, prosperity, peace, \r partnership), 2671\r framing and linkages, 8, 134, 177-178, \r 2660-2667\r gender and, 2700-2704\r goals and aims, 2660-2661\r goals and aims: prioritising, 101, 2658, 2659, \r 2661, 2689, 2733\r governance and, 35, 110-111, 2659-2660, \r 2706-2707, 2712-2717\r health and well-being, 1044-1047, 1119-1123, \r 1120\r human and ecological well-being, 35, 2658\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge and, \r 35, 2657, 2713-2715\r inequalities and, 2657, 2658\r interactions, 2662-2665\r just and equitable for all, 31, 33, 107, 2657, 2659, \r 2661, 2667, 2668, 2733\r [...]"


id: d88a93e951db5eeb3e726b2e7c8d8168
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35387
content:
"linkages, 8, 42, 134, 1238, 2658, 2660-2661, \r 2664, 2670-2689, 2735\r livelihoods and, 1238-1249, 1238\r local conditions and contexts, 101, 2657, 2665, \r 2667\r mitigation measures and, 105\r multiple pathways, 31, 100-101, 2657-2658\r need for, demonstrated, 31\r opportunities, varying by location, 2657\r pathways away from, 2664\r pathways to, 31, 35, 177-178, 2657-2658, \r 2661-2666, 2662-2665\r planning for, 34-35, 2658\r policy context, 101, 2666-2667\r political economy of, 2705-2706\r poverty and, 1238-1249, 1238, 2660\r priorities in, 31, 35, 100, 101, 2658, 2659, 2661, \r 2689, 2733\r regional and national differences in capacity, \r 2659, 2661-2666\r regional perspectives, 2722-2724\r regional synthesis, 2721-2724, 2725-2727\r research needs, 2732-2733\r risk management and, 2544, 2614-2615, \r 2676-2689\r scenarios/SSPs, 9-10, 2660, 2673-2675, 2674\r science-technology and, 2709, 2718-2720\r sectoral synthesis, 2724, 2728-2731\r societal choices and, 32, 35, 2658, 2659, 2661, \r 2664-2665, 2720\r [...]"


id: 98c5e00072681fc7663b1de7dc51b9ca
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 24094
content:
"[...] solution space, 2659, 2666, 2690, 2705, 2706, 2736\r success in, 2667, 2737\r sustainable development and, 31, 100-101, 2659, \r 2674, 2681-2683\r synergies and trade-offs, 31, 108, 1239-1241, \r 2657-2658, 2687-2689\r system transitions and, 100, 177, 2658, 2665, \r 2690-2705, 2736\r temperature overshoot and, 35\r trade-offs, 31, 1239-1241, 2657-2658, 2668, "


id: 62069f6f5ef4ce6a79015bc4e7dfde01
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14519
content:
"key risks and vulnerabilities, 2454-2456, 2455, \r 2503\r livelihoods, 63, 2456\r loss and damage, 17, 63\r Low Elevation Coastal Zone, 34, 54, 925, 934\r migration and displacement, 1099-1100\r natural infrastructure, 935\r non-climate drivers, 386\r observed impacts, 53-54, 391\r ocean acidity and, 420\r projected risks, 15, 17, 21, 62-63\r protection services, 463, 468\r risks, 62, 66, 382, 477-478, 2425, 2454-2456, \r 2455\r rocky shores, 414-418, 418\r salinity, 382, 420, 461-462\r sandy beaches, 424-426, 424\r sea level extremes, 391\r sea level rise, 15, 27, 53, 62-63, 94, 382, 391, \r 393-395, 423, 423, 477-480, 909, 1100\r sediment, 62, 381, 385, 410, 420-423\r semi-enclosed seas, 426-427, 426\r shelf seas, 427-429, 428, 429\r storm surge, 420, 476, 909, 934, 950, 993\r subsidence, 66, 386, 393\r tourism and recreation, 383, 467, 935\r transitions (system transitions), 2692-2693, 2699, \r 2774\r upwelling zones, 391, 395, 429-431, 430\r vulnerability, 53-54, 2454-2456, 2455, 2503\r [...]"


id: 5528a95594073c8697656e30cf1520b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 12257
content:
"[...] wastewater management, 463\r waves, 395, 463\r wetlands, 420-423, 423, 463\r See also Cities and settlements by the sea; Ocean \r and coastal ecosystems; Small Islands\r Coastal Nino (Peru, 2017), 589, 591\r Coastal seas, 399\r Coastal squeeze, 465, 476\r Co-benefits*, 31, 109, 2657\r of adaptation, 25, 108-109, 811-832, 1124-\r 1125, 1238, 1887, 1888, 2436-2437, \r 2437-2440\r benefit-cost ratio, 1240-1241\r of climate resilient development, 34, 108, 2657\r human health, 1124-1125\r of mitigation, 308-309, 910, 960-961, 1123, 1238\r urban areas, 960-961\r water adaptation, 556, 557, 635-643\r Coccolithophores*, 404, 2328\r See also Phytoplankton\r Cocoa, 784-785, 788, 1353\r Cod, 1951\r Coffee, 784-785, 788, 825-827, 1052, 1211, 1336, \r 1353, 1700, 1736\r Cold-related health effects, 1060-1061, 1091\r Cold spells, 927\r Common but differentiated responsibilities \r (CBDR), 162, 1229\r Communicable diseases*, 1045, 1062-1071\r Communication about climate change, 126, 150, \r 159-160, 159, 1940\r [...]"


id: ab57d8580995cded38512ccb4314adca
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27373
content:
"Climate services (CS)*, 28, 106, 2543, 2594-2595, \r 2782\r Africa, 1290, 1313-1314, 1314, 1315, 1317, 1357\r Central and South America, 1737, 1742-1743\r feasibility assessment, 2771, 2782\r Climate shocks, 976-977, 1047, 2508, 2657, 2668\r Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)*, 108, 624, 819, \r 829-830, 1186, 1242, 1304\r Climate traps, 1183-1184\r Climate variability*, 144, 147, 152, 728, 1045\r regional, 155\r Climate velocity*, 208, 392, 392, 393\r in biodiversity hotspots, 2125, 2126-2131, 2129\r Climatic drivers*, 410-411\r Climatic impact drivers*, 391, 397-409, 794\r biological responses to, 400-409\r ecological responses to, 409\r multiple-driver research, 410-411\r multiple drivers, responses to, 401-409, 402-403, \r 405\r primary production and, 404-406\r single drivers, responses to, 400-401, 403\r CMIP5 and CMIP6*, 9, 44, 139-143, 1590\r Co-learning, 30\r Co-production, 30, 97, 971-973, 1942, 2594\r Coastal areas and ecosystems, 379-550\r about, 82, 381-391, 389, 391\r about: concept map, 389\r [...]"


id: 12c532f860114ad7ef0d0bdb37e11208
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 506
content:
"[...] adaptation and mitigation, 94, 310, 475-489\r adaptation feasibility, 2769, 2774\r adaptation limits, 84-85, 2415, 2449\r biodiversity, 16, 47, 458\r blue carbon ecosystems, 47, 421-424, 422, \r 464-466, 468, 2692\r cities in (See Cities and settlements by the sea)\r climate resilient development, 33-34\r compound risks, 67, 82, 94-95\r deltas, 420-421, 421, 2470-2471\r development, 62, 68\r development decisions, 383, 386, 476, 478\r drivers of change, 386, 391, 400-409, 402-403, \r 412\r ecosystems and seas, 410-433\r education about environmental change, 383\r erosion, 382, 424-425, 935, 2055-2056\r estuaries and lagoons, 420-421, 421\r eutrophication, 401\r exposure, 53-54, 62-63, 382\r FAQ (sea level rise), 477-480\r flooding, 17, 63, 81, 382, 718, 950, 1964-1967\r food provisioning, 718\r groundwater, 21\r habitat destruction, 386\r hard protection, 86, 2075-2076, 2078-2079, \r 2081, 2084\r hazards (summary), 412\r human population in, 17, 34, 53, 65, 382\r infrastructure, 63, 807, 935, 958, 2456\r [...]"


id: ff202395b75acec292953825986fd1b4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 42290
content:
"[...] integrated coastal zone management (ICZM), \r 475, 2769, 2775\r inundation, 934\r kelp ecosystems, 418-420, 419, 2145"


id: 2b71e12ccb729aafb4eb71452b214297
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 4894
content:
"climate action and, 2660, 2661-2666, 2662-\r 2665, 2670-2689, 2720-2721\r climate justice and, 2659, 2700\r contending social interests, 2659\r context-specific, 101, 2667, 2668\r cooperation and working together, 23, 31-33, 34, \r 112, 2659\r definition of, 177, 2734\r development trajectories and, 2659, 2660-2661, \r 2673-2675, 2674\r differing capacities for, 2659, 2661-2666\r enabling conditions, 101, 108-109, 112, 178, \r 1120, 2658, 2659, 2667, 2706-2711\r equity and, 177, 2658, 2659, 2661, 2667, 2668, \r 2733\r FAQs, 2734-2737\r food-fibre systems, 825-827\r health sector, 1044, 1046-1047, 1119-1123, 1120\r illustrative pathways, 2662-2663\r inclusion in, 31, 2659\r justice and, 31, 33, 107, 2659, 2661, 2667, 2668, \r 2671, 2700, 2733\r knowledge systems and, 2659, 2713-2715\r linkages, 8, 42, 134, 2657-2668, 2662-2665, \r 2670-2689, 2735\r local and regional context, 101, 2659, 2667\r mitigation and, 105, 2660, 2683-2687, 2686\r multiple pathways, 100-101, 2657-2658, 2734\r [...]"


id: c4654c32021d86713f52b4c633a2234b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31851
content:
"[...] participatory interactions, 31, 2659\r partnerships, 31, 34, 2659\r people as agents, 2659\r planetary and ecosystem health, 30, 35, 134, 2659\r priorities/prioritising of actions, 101, 2658, 2659, \r 2689, 2733\r regional and national differences in capacity, \r 2659, 2661-2666\r societal choices, 32, 35, 2659, 2661, 2662-2665, \r 2720\r solution space, 2659\r stakeholders, 2658, 2666, 2692\r Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and, \r 2662, 2674, 2681-2683, 2737\r synergies and trade-offs, 108, 2657-2658, 2659, \r 2687-2689\r system transitions and, 2658, 2660, 2665, \r 269027052736"


id: 9df31b5862cd92dbbb332c3ab20c402e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25024
content:
"global-scale event (GCBE), 1478\r Great Barrier Reef, 57, 442, 1602, 1605-1607\r observed impacts, 11, 412, 1478-1479\r projections: potential annual events, 2046\r tourism and, 1583\r Coral reefs, 410-414, 2468\r about (summary), 413\r adaptation, 414, 1479-1480\r adaptation limits, 1224, 2448\r adaptation pathways, 485\r artificial reefs, 2077\r Asia, 1478-1479, 1482-1483\r Australasia, 1583, 1584, 1602-1607, 1605-1607, \r 1635, 1636, 1638\r biodiversity, 415, 2147\r Central and South America, 1691, 1693, 1709, \r 1710, 1723, 1729, 1754\r community composition, 47\r ecosystem integrity, 56-57\r ecosystem services, 2046\r emotional attachments, 467\r Great Barrier Reef, 57, 301, 442, 1584, 1602, \r 1605-1607\r habitat loss, 415\r heat stress, 412\r marine heatwaves, 416, 442-444, 1951, \r 2560-2562\r mitigation as essential for, 1479\r North America, 1950, 1971-1973\r observed impacts, 47, 388, 412, 413, 442-443\r ocean acidification and, 412-413\r paleo-ecological evidence, 414\r [...]"


id: ea4c6ab91a3f1ff01cf041e1074a10fd
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38577
content:
"[...] projected changes, 399, 413, 415, 1224, 2048\r projected impacts, 413, 414, 2145\r provisioning services, 2046\r reef grief, 467\r restoration, 414, 484, 485, 1952\r thermal refuges, 414\r thermal stress, 2048\r thermal tolerance, 407\r tourism, 1583, 1602, 1605, 1710\r vulnerability/risk, 1478-1479, 2455-2456\r warm-water, 410-414, 2455-2456\r Coralline algae, 401, 407, 413, 415\r Corals\r beneficial microorganisms of, 1479\r calcification of, 412-413\r jewellery, 461\r managed breeding, 484\r mass mortality events, 1602, 1604, 1605, 1606, \r 1648\r nutrient supply and, 404\r temperature and, 407\r Cost-benefit analysis*, 94, 1240-1241, 2576\r Costa Rica, toad extinction, 201, 2132\r Costs\r adaptation costs, 652-653, 1183, 1289\r of climate change, 909, 1205-1207, 1599, \r 1632-1634, 1634, 2417, 2547, 2661\r social cost of carbon, 2420, 2495, 2498\r See also Loss and Damage\r Cotton, 741, 1353\r Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP)*, \r 9, 44, 139-143, 1590\r Covenant of Mayors, 920-921\r [...]"


id: 5e6335e61b6ea22cc2902fd53718409e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13897
content:
"[...] COVID-19, 558, 628, 912, 959, 1047, 1067-1070, \r 1188, 2657\r adaptation and, 1047, 1068, 1175, 1188\r Africa, 1375, 1390-1393\r air quality improvements, 928\r Australasia, 1624\r cascading impacts, 1047, 1068\r cities and, 909, 959\r Cyclone Amphan (2020) and, 588-589\r disproportionate impacts, 1252\r financial impacts, 1175\r food security and, 792\r hand washing and, 628\r impacts in cities and urban areas, 909\r impacts on adaptation, 909\r inequalities and, 1175, 1188\r informal settlements and, 917\r migration and, 1469\r poverty and, 909, 959, 1175, 1188, 1202, 2666\r priorities shifted by, 65\r recovery packages, uses of, 1390-1393, \r 2592-2593\r SARS-CoV-2 and, 290\r SDGs and, 2661\r Small Islands, 2050, 2070, 2093\r vulnerability and, 1047, 1175, 2418, 2657, 2661\r Crabs, 1947\r Critical thresholds, 1050, 2417\r exceedence of, 55, 1090-1091\r See also Tipping points\r Crop insurance, 814-817\r Crop production\r adaptation, 71, 719, 742-746\r carbon dioxide effects, 736, 1046\r [...]"


id: af945f6dd22dfeaef8732cf6ee48412f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28128
content:
"[...] climate variability and, 728\r crop failures, 731, 1250\r cropping systems, 738\r cultivar improvements, 743-746\r diversification, 745\r equity considerations, 734\r fibre crops, 729\r genetically modified (GM) crops, 71, 798-799, 799\r grains, 728-729, 732, 1492\r land for, 717, 802-803, 803-804\r major crops, 728-729, 732, 735-736, 737, 738, \r 742, 1046\r models, 725-728\r nutritional quality, 1046\r observed impacts, 46, 728-733, 729\r ozone effects, 736\r pests and, 16, 730-732, 1844\r plant breeding, 728, 743-744, 745, 1356\r projected impacts, 734-742\r risks and vulnerabilities, 719\r soil health, 741\r tree crops, 728-729\r vegetables, fruit, and nuts, 729, 742-743\r See also Food production\r Crop yields, 48, 74, 728-733, 2425-2426\r adaptation potential, 743"


id: 379e78e2fdf0f7fccc97aaa52b43829e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6995
content:
"food and fibre sector, 817-818\r Small Islands, 2079\r tropical forests and, 2371, 2381, 2382\r urban areas, 965, 967\r for water security, 666-667\r Complex risk, 10, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83\r compound vs. cascading risks, 83\r Compound risk*, 20-21, 66, 67-68, 935-936, 1070, \r 1201, 1225-1227, 1226, 2420\r about: storyline figure, 82-83\r adaptation and, 94-95\r cascading risk vs., 83\r sea level rise and, 62\r Compound weather/climate events*, 48, 49, 909\r examples, 2071-2072\r Confidence*, 40, 41, 159-160, 159\r Conflicts, 53, 1052, 1086-1088, 1190, 2428, \r 2464-2466\r adaptation and, 937, 1101, 1119, 1394-1395\r Africa, 1394-1395\r armed conflict, 1045, 1086, 1102\r Asia, 1102\r Central and South America, 1735, 1750\r climate and, 53, 65, 1046, 1086-1088\r climate change and, 1102, 1128, 1190, 2428, \r 2429, 2673\r climate resilient development and, 1044, 1047\r climate-security nexus, 1190\r droughts and, 1087, 1190\r extreme weather events and, 53, 1087, 1190\r FAQ, 1128\r food-related, 718-719, 1087\r [...]"


id: b1f608c56bc5a19e65d73198ec8b150b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28531
content:
"[...] gendered dimensions, 1045, 1088\r geopolitics and, 1088\r health impacts, 1044, 1045\r human-animal, 1054-1055, 1481, 1945\r interpersonal violence, 1394, 1971\r intrastate, 65\r key risks, 2455, 2463-2464, 2503\r migration and, 17, 65, 1087-1088, 1395, 2465\r observed impacts, 48, 1086-1088, 2428\r peacebuilding, 95, 937, 1047, 1119, 1123\r poverty and, 95, 1178\r projections for, 15, 17, 1046, 1102\r reduction, 95, 96, 719, 1119\r risk management in conflict-affected areas, 2557\r Syrian Civil War, 2429\r violent, 15, 17, 65, 1048, 1086-1088, 1102, 1128, \r 1980-1982, 2428\r water-related, 53, 90, 593, 618, 622, 718, 1087, \r 1735\r water-related: adaptation, 629-632\r Conservation agriculture*, 624, 1242-1243, 1356\r Consumerism, 14, 2664, 2693\r Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), 40, \r 129, 158, 911\r Cooperation, 23, 30, 31-33, 34, 112, 560, 2659\r Copepods, 436, 440, 2329\r Coping*, 640, 657, 965, 1047\r with disasters, 1236-1237\r Coral bleaching*, 442, 1583, 1602, 1605-1607, \r 1723, 1754\r [...]"


id: a874eeb91f4ed0424d77415ad15f0687
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26846
content:
"drivers of, 2546\r dynamic (changing) nature of risk, 2544\r elicitation methods, 2568, 2576\r equity and justice, 23, 101, 2604-2605, 2605\r evaluation and learning, 2613-2614\r FAQs, 2616-2621\r feedback and, 2577\r frameworks for, 176-177, 307\r gender and, 97, 2701\r inclusive, 23, 31, 86\r informal, 2575\r integrated, 911\r interconnections, 41, 2545\r iterative, 2577\r key risks and, 2546\r knowledge systems, 2543, 2585-2596\r Loss and Damage (L&D), 2544, 2563-2565\r maladaptation, consideration of, 2548\r for managing climate risks, 2545\r mechanisms for, 2547\r monitoring and evaluation (M&E), 2544, 2547, \r 2605-2614, 2610-2613, 2620\r observed impacts, 1192-1193\r process of, 2562-2580, 2569-2574\r process of: cognitive phase, 2566-2567, \r 2569-2574\r process of: real world relationships, 31, 2566\r process of: schematic, 2549\r residual risk, 2544, 2619\r risk assessment, 2545-2546\r risk management, 2551, 2604\r risk management: in conflict-affected areas, 2557\r [...]"


id: dbc39f33a189352db906c02180716b7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35952
content:
"[...] risks and trade-offs, evaluating, 2576-2577\r scenario analysis, 2576\r in settlements/cities, 2601-2602\r stakeholder engagement, 2543, 2547, 2557, \r 2567-2568, 2576, 2594-2595\r synergies, 2547, 2548, 2600, 2603\r trade-offs, evaluation of, 2547\r for transformational adaptation, 2601-2602\r uncertainty and, 2543, 2568, 2569-2574, 2616\r uncertainty, deep (Cross-Chapter Box), \r 2578-2580\r urban, 910, 911, 947\r urgency and, 55, 2543, 2596-2597, 2597\r values and, 2546, 2547, 2567, 2568, 2578-2579, \r 2596, 2609\r vulnerable groups and, 30, 1175, 2544, 2550, \r 2556, 2560\r windows of opportunity, 2543, 2597-2598\r EEP (Cross-Chapter Box), 2578-2580\r eep-sea ecosystems, 454-455\r eforestation*, 47, 56, 201, 249, 2371, 2374-2376, \r 2375\r Amazon region/forest, 244-245, 1220, 1693, \r 1705, 1707\r biofuels and, 1697\r drivers of, 2375-2376, 2376\r feedbacks, 275-276\r REDD+ and, 757, 757, 1512, 2384\r wildfires and, 201, 271-272\r See also Tree mortality\r egrowth, 174-175, 2672, 2705"


id: 8792eda2360f900df2fcfaef18a5ffb7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 21010
content:
"D\r Dams, 564, 2283\r failures of, 615\r in Vietnam, 1209\r Dangerous anthropogenic interference (DAI), 69, \r 2415, 2420, 2450-2453\r Deaths. See Mortality\r Debt, 826\r climate debt, 236\r Decarbonisation*, 2658, 2690, 2693, 2705, 2708\r Decision making, 101, 2539-2654\r about, 2542-2548, 2549\r action frameworks and, 307, 911, 2660\r adaptation and, 22, 98, 307, 911, 1253\r adaptation, enabling conditions, 2546-2547\r adaptation finance, 2542-2543\r adaptation limits, 2544\r adaptation-maladaptation continuum, 2600-\r 2602, 2603\r adaptation options, 2548-2562, 2553\r adaptation options: 24 adaptation options, \r 2557-2562, 2559-2560, 2604\r adaptation options: combinations of, 2553-2562\r adaptation progress, 2546, 2605-2614, \r 2610-2613\r adaptation success, 2548, 2600-2605, \r 2620-2621\r benefit considerations, 2547\r catalysing conditions, 2543, 2596-2600\r climate impacts and, 1192-1193\r for climate resilient development, 34, 101, 1245-\r 1247, 2544, 2614-2615, 2660, 2661\r [...]"


id: 64ac6400b554f30a7ac18bd655708292
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14994
content:
"[...] for climate risk management, 2542-2548\r climate services and, 2543, 2594-2595\r Cynefin framework, 2567, 2569-2574, 2577\r decision-analytic methods, 98, 2543, 2565-2577, \r 2569-2574\r decision-analytic tools, 2565\r decision support tools, 2543, 2549, 2616\r deep uncertainty and, 2543, 2578-2580"


id: 8bed480834a8ecc0db28a3804cda9868
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 21783
content:
"PALEO, 154-157\r PROGRESS, 2610-2613\r SLR, 477-480\r Cross-Chapter Papers\r Biodiversity Hotspots, 2123-2161\r Cities and Settlements by the Sea, 2163-2194\r Deserts, Semi-arid areas, and Desertification, \r 2195-2231\r Mediterranean Region, 2233-2272\r Mountains, 2273-2318\r Polar Regions, 2319-2368\r Tropical Forests, 2369-2410\r Cross-Working Group Boxes\r ATTRIBUTION, 151-154\r BIOECONOMY, 828-831\r ECONOMIC, 2495-2499\r SRM (solar radiation modification), 2473-2478\r URBAN, 988-991\r Crowdfunding, 2710\r Cryosphere*, 50, 570-571\r dependent communities, 50, 82\r mountain areas, 2275, 2276, 2277, 2291\r observed changes, 50, 565, 570-571, 571, 592, \r 2275\r projected changes, 61, 602-603\r Special Report on (SROCC), 40, 130-131, \r 386-389, 563, 720, 913\r temperature impacts on, 565\r See also Polar Regions\r Ctenophores, 2330\r Cultivar improvements, 743-746\r Cultural ecosystem services (CES), 457, 459, 467, \r 468, 484-488, 740, 741-742, 2694\r Cultural heritage, 65, 156, 947, 1393-1398\r [...]"


id: 5927cf11b8b4762a6dbe6fb2a1226885
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 12928
content:
"[...] Africa, 1292, 1300, 1393-1398, 1396-1398\r Europe, 1827, 1866, 1870, 1874, 1880\r Indigenous Peoples, 383, 1943\r Mediterranean Region, 2235, 2237, 2247, 2248"


id: d97509f55e6cb51f778116902a6a5d3f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35553
content:
"greening, 2198, 2200\r herbaceous cover, 2206-2207\r human health, 2197, 2208\r human population, 2199\r human systems, 2208-2210, 2213\r Indigenous knowledge (IK), 2198, 2199, 2210, \r 2217\r land degradation, 2199, 2207, 2215\r land tenure, 2198\r livelihoods, 2197, 2199, 2209, 2210\r local adaptation, 1219-1220\r megacities, 2199\r migration and conflict, 2209-2210\r mineral resources, 2213\r natural systems, 2200-2208\r natural systems, projections, 2211-2213\r North America, 2202, 2203-2204, 2205\r oases, 2199\r observed impacts, 47, 2197, 2200-2210\r pastoralism, 2198, 2210, 2215\r poverty, 2199\r productivity, 2197, 2199\r projections, 2197-2198, 2211-2213, 2217-2218\r regional assessments, 2202-2206\r resilience, 2198\r risks, 2197-2198\r sand and dust storms, 1478, 2207-2208, 2207, \r 2216\r savannas, 2205\r semi-arid zones*, 2200, 2205-2206\r sustainable development, 2198, 2214, 2218\r temperature and rainfall, 2200-2201, 2211, 2218\r tree death, 2201-2207\r vegetation, 2197, 2201-2207, 2215\r [...]"


id: d541eab35f90721688c1ddf3f820c9fc
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34844
content:
"[...] vulnerability, 2217\r warming pathways, 2197-2198\r water resources, 2197, 2217\r water scarcity, 2208, 2217\r wild foods, 760\r woody cover, 2201-2207, 2215\r See also Pastoralism; Savannas\r Detection and attribution*, 11, 150, 587, 1819, \r 2422-2423, 2505\r climate attribution, 2423\r Cross-Working Group Box (ATTRIBUTION), \r 151-154\r event attribution, 1938-1939\r extreme weather events, 587\r FAQ, 387-388\r food and fibre systems, 723-724\r impact attribution, 2422, 2423-2424\r ocean and coastal systems, 386, 387-388\r perceptions about climate change, 1939-1942, \r 1941\r uncertainties in, 254-256\r wildfires, 1948\r Developed/developing countries*\r adaptation finance, 2586-2593\r adaptation responses, 71, 556\r burden for residual risk, 2619\r carbon-intensity of energy systems, 2670-2671\r decisions resolving divergent views, 33\r economic context for decisions, 2670-2671"


id: 7fe46c68b17f0921357f187989e417b9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:05
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 19640
content:
"fairness and, 162\r GDPs, 2661, 2717\r Least Developed Countries (LDCs)*, 1519\r risk from climate change, 2658\r Small Island Developing States (SIDS), 1218, \r 2048, 2073\r evelopment, 14-15, 54-55, 108, 2657-2666, \r 2670-2689, 2722-2724\r adaptive capacity and, 1239\r assessment/measures, 2671-2672\r chronic and sudden-onset challenges, 1174\r cities/urban areas, 911\r climate action and, 2670-2689\r climate change and, 1238, 1239, 2670, 2675, \r 2677-2678\r climate change responses and, 71, 1215\r climate change risks, 2675, 2677-2678\r climate-compatible (CCD), 1238-1239, 1238\r climate-resilient (CRD) (See Climate resilient \r development)\r coastal areas, 62, 68, 383, 386, 476, 478\r current patterns, 54-55, 100, 2670-2671\r current patterns: as not advancing CRD, 100, 2658\r current patterns: risks of, 2657, 2660\r development deficits, 1174\r economic context, 67, 2670, 2672\r economic growth orientation, 67\r ecosystem risks and, 56\r equity issues, 1176, 2733\r five dimensions of, 2668\r [...]"


id: 11d6981a611bc2a70c3eebd6c3cd1d2
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 332
content:
"[...] Human Development Index (HDI), 2671, 2722\r improvement context, 2671-2672\r indicators/measures, 2722-2724, 2724\r inequity and injustices, 2657\r low-carbon, 911, 2660\r past development choices, 31, 32, 33, 35\r pathways, 2662-2663\r patterns driving climate risk, 2660-2661\r perspectives on, 2671-2673, 2733\r regional perspectives, 2722-2724\r risks, 55\r scenarios/SSPs, 9-10, 2660, 2673-2675, 2674\r SDGs and, 2657\r sudden-onset challenges, 1174\r trends, 15, 2657\r unsustainable, 14, 2661, 2671\r See also Climate resilient development; \r Sustainable development\r evelopment pathways*, 2662-2663\r iabetes, 1061, 1072\r iarrhoeal diseases, 13, 586, 616, 798, 1045, 1060, \r 1062, 1064, 2426\r adaptation to, 1383\r Africa, 1371, 1373, 1374, 1376\r Asia, 1508-1509, 1509\r projections, 64, 1089, 1095\r iatoms*, 404, 408-409, 1951, 2329\r iet*, 23, 799-802, 1097-1098\r alternate protein sources, 753\r changing, 1510, 1970-1971, 2692\r food quality and, 1046\r food sourcing (MOVING PLATE), 768-773\r [...]"


id: b79bc0f37a37e1036e8ca1969cf548bc
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 29513
content:
"Deltas, 420-421, 421, 2174, 2470-2471\r agriculture and, 2470-2471\r in Asia, 1462, 1487, 1503, 1513\r Bangladesh Delta Plan, 1503, 1513\r exposure and vulnerability, 62-63, 2470-2471\r hazard trends, 2470\r Dematerialisation, 2693\r Dengue fever, 17, 1060, 1062, 1063, 2462\r Africa, 1371, 1373\r Asia, 1508, 1509\r Australasia, 1623\r Central and South America, 1691, 1699, 1702, \r 1705, 1710, 1712, 1713\r climate-related factors and, 1713, 2705\r El Nino and, 1063\r Europe, 1862, 1862\r North America, 1969-1970\r observed changes, 51, 292-293, 1045, 1063, 2427\r projected changes, 17, 58, 1089, 1090, 1094, 2462\r regional occurrence, 17, 292-293\r transmission, 51, 1063, 1713\r Deoxygenation*, 391, 394, 396-397, 401\r Desalination, 624, 631, 653, 655, 1349\r Desertification*. See Deserts and semiarid areas\r Deserts and semiarid areas*, 2195-2231\r about, 2197-2200, 2200\r adaptation, 2197-2198, 2199, 2214-2217, \r 2215-2216, 2218\r adaptive capacity, 2197\r Africa, 1318, 2197, 2202-2203, 2205, 2206\r [...]"


id: f27ac4445ee4647154737351f41f05da
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40053
content:
"[...] arid zones, 2199-2200, 2200, 2202-2205\r aridity*, 569, 570, 2197-2198, 2199, 2200\r aridity: hyper-arid areas, 2199, 2200, 2202\r aridity: projected, 2211\r Aridity Index (AI), 2197, 2199-2200, 2200, 2211\r Asia, 2204-2205, 2206, 2218\r Australasia, 2205, 2206\r biodiversity, 2197, 2217\r carbon cycle/balance, 2197, 2198\r Central and South America, 1697, 1709, 1710, \r 1722, 2204, 2206\r climate change impacts, 2197, 2200-2210, \r 2217-2218\r climate resilient development (CRD), 2198\r climate variability, 2198\r crop yields, 584-585\r definitions, 2199\r desert locusts, 795\r desertification*, 2199, 2207, 2208, 2213\r drivers of expansion, 2198\r droughts, 2211, 2214, 2215\r drylands, 2199-2200, 2200\r drylands: extent, 2200, 2212-2213\r dynamics of, 2199-2200, 2200\r ecosystem processes, 2201\r ecosystem services, 2197\r enabling conditions, 2198\r Europe, 1823\r evapotranspiration, 2212\r FAQs, 2217-2218\r finance, 2198\r food systems, 2209, 2213, 2217, 2218\r governance, 2198, 2199, 2218"


id: ac8ff544d8d450068bb22e14bd081816
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27598
content:
"projections and risks, 57, 58, 63, 64, 261, 718, 1046\r public health and, 269-270, 294-295\r respiratory diseases, 52, 64, 1045, 1060, \r 1066-1067, 1071\r skin diseases, 1071\r thermal mismatch, 232\r tick-borne, 200, 234, 1045, 1063-1064, 1094, 1862\r vector-borne, 231-262, 291-295, 585, 1062-\r 1064, 1092-1095, 1093, 2427\r water events and, 558\r waterborne, 462-463, 582-583, 586, 616, 1064, \r 1065, 1095, 2462\r West Nile fever, 51, 261, 1063, 1090, 1862, 1969, \r 2427\r wildlife diseases, 51-52, 200, 230-236, 261\r zoonoses, 13, 51-52, 57, 232-233, 233-235, \r 789-790\r See also Food-borne diseases; Vector-borne \r diseases; Waterborne diseases; specific \r diseases and regions\r Displacement (of humans)*, 13, 17, 52, 64-65, \r 929-930, 1080-1083\r Cross-Chapter Box (MIGRATE), 1080-1083\r humanitarian crises and, 13, 65\r internally displaced people, 1082, 1183-1184, 2428\r involuntary, 17, 52, 96, 1044, 1046, 1082, 1128, \r 2465\r livelihood strategies (Yap), 1185-1186\r [...]"


id: 3065adfc0807e7b15fb18e0e17407b76
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 5771
content:
"[...] numbers of people displaced, 1045, 1046, 1084\r projections, 17, 64-65, 556, 1099-1102, 1100\r reducing future risks, 1083\r refugees, 1183-1184, 1249, 2428\r water-related issues and, 593-594\r See also Migration (of humans)\r Disproportionate impacts, 11, 18, 41, 61, 76, 564, \r 928-930, 1178-1180, 1249, 2490-2492\r compound risks and, 1225-1227, 1226\r COVID-19, 1252\r extreme events, 47, 1181, 1206\r FAQ, 1251\r key risks and, 2486, 2490-2492\r losses and damages, 1205-1208\r observed, 49, 1205-1208\r poverty and, 2421-2422\r Reasons for Concern (RFC3), 18, 2417, 2486, \r 2490-2492, 2501\r See also Inequality; Vulnerability\r Distribution of impacts. See Disproportionate \r impacts\r Distribution of species. See Range shifts; Species \r distribution\r Distributive justice*, 126, 162, 924, 958-959\r Disturbance regimes*, 208, 237, 280, 314\r abrupt changes and, 442-445, 445, 2416, 2457\r See also Fires; Insect pests\r Drivers. See Climatic drivers; Climatic impact drivers\r Drosophila melanogaster, 236\r [...]"


id: 6ba6c5b550bdd71feb8d63e0c502f6f3
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16246
content:
"[...] Droughts*, 50, 558, 578-579, 578\r adaptation, 637, 802\r agricultural*, 578-579, 609\r attribution of, 579, 587\r Cape Town, Africa (2015-2018), 1343\r cascading effects, 578"


id: c96019b248df3943e25d68a0e06d7a16
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32753
content:
"ocean and coastal ecosystems, 383, 386, 456-467\r 457, 458-459\r payment for ecosystem services (PES), 1692, 2384\r projected changes, 45-48, 46, 56, 458-459\r resilience, 87, 109-110\r species extinctions and, 279\r supporting and regulating, 457, 461-466, 468, \r 2694\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 201-202, \r 204, 243-279\r See also specific systems and regions\r cosystems*, 12, 42, 55-57\r about: storyline figure, 72-73\r adaptation and, 23-26, 2695-2697, 2774-2779\r adaptation limits, 55, 63, 84\r adaptation limits: hard limits, 28\r adaptation pathways for, 73\r climate change impacts on, 16-17, 18-20, 2695\r climate resilient development, role in, 34, \r 2694-2697\r connectivity, 279, 285-287, 286\r degradation of, 16, 34, 56, 219, 283, 284, 304, \r 307, 2059\r health of, 42, 92, 109-110, 310-311\r healthy vs. degraded, 2059\r high-carbon, 22, 201-203, 249-251, 273\r integrity of, 16, 55, 56-57, 109, 201, 202, 205, \r 267, 276, 311\r irreversible losses, 11, 16-17, 55-56, 57, 69\r [...]"


id: 2ea691bbb76ba58c5a928e8c501fe826
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 5488
content:
"[...] maladaptation examples, 29\r Mediterranean-type (MTEs), 239, 263-264, 269\r Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 206, 2694\r observed changes, 11, 12, 45\r observed impacts, 45-48, 46, 72\r ocean and coastal, 379-550\r preserving, 109, 222\r projected risks, 14-22, 18-20, 55-57, 72-73\r protection of, 30, 55, 56, 86-87, 92, 203-204, \r 286, 310-312\r regional impacts, 12\r resilience, 45, 55-56, 86-87, 109-110\r restoration of, 26, 34, 109, 203-204, 313, \r 315-316, 465, 483-484, 485, 1340\r species as fundamental unit of, 202, 279\r structural changes, 12, 45-46, 46, 55, 201, 267, \r 280-281\r temperature overshoot and, 57, 69\r terrestrial and freshwater, 197-377\r tipping points, 16, 208\r transformation of, 55\r transitions (system transitions), 2692-2693, 2699\r 2774-2779\r unprecedented conditions, 55-57, 68\r vulnerability and exposure, 14-22, 55-56\r wetlands*, 421-424\r See also Biomes; Ecosystem services; specific \r ecosystems\r cotourism, 480-481, 1714\r ducation, 99, 2596\r [...]"


id: 877f8c53d67629aedcb5c27a4bbec935
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20996
content:
"[...] about environmental change, 383\r climate education, 96, 98, 946-947, 1525\r elgrass, 404\r ffectiveness (of solutions), 9, 160-164, 161, 163"


id: d8e64c152c18690695dc910e2863b86c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35451
content:
"Economics\r adaptation enablers, 30\r circular economies, 631, 718, 829-831\r climate risk disclosure, 30\r Cross-Working Group Box (BIOECONOMY), \r 828-831\r Cross-Working Group Box (ECONOMIC), \r 2495-2499\r development and, 67, 2670, 2672\r economic growth, 54, 67, 2671-2672\r fiscal policy, 2719\r global economic damage, 66-67\r incentives, 2707\r macroeconomics, 2718-2719\r monetary policy, 2718\r political economy*, 2705-2706\r socioeconomic futures, 67\r See also Finance; specific regions and sectors\r Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA)*, 90, \r 288-290, 475, 629, 718, 1247\r about: summaries, 26, 87\r about: terminology, 283-284\r Africa, 1339-1342, 1340, 1368-1369, 1369\r agriculture, 309, 718\r Asia, 1461, 1504-1505, 1505\r case studies, 296-301\r co-benefits, 109, 1175, 1247, 2439\r definition on, 723\r Durban, South Africa, 299-300\r effectiveness of, 28, 35, 87\r Europe, 1838-1839, 1842\r FAQ, 310-312\r flood adaptation, 634-635, 950\r food and fibre systems, 718, 722\r maladaptation, 2439\r [...]"


id: ea1402194a033e7ab441847a05107ac1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38532
content:
"[...] ocean and coastal systems, 475\r right place and time for, 203, 290\r Small Islands, 2050, 2077, 2078-2079, 2082, \r 2084, 2097\r temperature and, 28, 35\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 203, \r 283-284, 288-290, 288-289, 310-312\r as vulnerable to climate change, 87, 203\r See also Nature-based solutions (NbS)\r Ecosystem connectivity, 26, 67, 279, 285-287, 286, \r 2777-2778\r Ecosystem health*, 42, 92, 109-110, 134, 310-311, \r 2659\r Ecosystem services*, 56, 109, 2694-2697\r adaptation for, 23\r climate-induced impacts (summary), 468\r climate resilient development (CRD), 35, \r 2728-2729\r connections to climate change, 206, 207\r cultural (CES), 457, 459, 467, 468, 484-488, 740, \r 741-742, 2694\r ecosystem products (See Food, fibre, and \r ecosystem products)\r food provisioning, 61, 456-460, 457, 468, 2694\r human health, 282-283\r non-consumable goods, 461\r non-food consumable products, 460-461\r observed impacts, 47"


id: 714802a9fd1f32df02c210bbf4e15303
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 17190
content:
"osion\r beaches, 424-425\r coastal systems, 382, 424-425, 2055-2056\r soil erosion*, 583-584, 612\r uaries, 61, 420-421, 421, 1603\r oxygen concentration and, 401\r hics*, 162-163\r adaptation and, 162-163, 656-657\r See also Equity; Justice\r calyptus, 208, 1594, 1599, 1615-1616\r rope, 1817-1928\r about, 1819-1827\r about: geography and subdivisions, 1822-1823, \r 1822\r adaptation, 1819-1821, 1881-1888, 2432\r adaptation barriers, 1821\r adaptation, behavioural, 1886-1887\r adaptation, co-benefits of, 1887, 1888\r adaptation, ecosystem-based (EbA), 1838-1839, \r 1842\r adaptation effectivenss and feasibility, 1819, \r 1846, 1856, 1858, 1864\r adaptation finance, 1884, 1885\r adaptation governance, 1842, 1858\r adaptation, implementation of, 1820\r adaptation, inclusive and equitable, 1821, 1892\r adaptation, incremental, 1819\r adaptation limits, 1821, 1859, 1865, 1890, 2449\r adaptation, mitigation links, 1819, 1857, \r 1858-1859\r adaptation, national plans, 1831, 1882\r [...]"


id: e6296913c4ea6bd8a4ea96979cca3a9e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37793
content:
"[...] adaptation, nature-based (NbS), 1819, 1830, 1842\r adaptation, policies, 1882-1885, 1882\r adaptation, private sector in, 1821, 1885-1886\r adaptation, SDGs and, 1887, 1888\r adaptation, societal adaptation, 1881-1888\r adaptation, synergies and trade-offs, 1857, \r 1858-1859, 1887, 1888\r adaptation, transformative, 1819, 1821, \r 1856-1858, 1887, 2436\r adaptation, windows of opportunity, 1821\r adaptive capacity, 1823, 1823\r agriculture, 1843-1844, 1847-1849, 1848\r agriculture: irrigation and, 1820, 1833, 1844, 1848\r agriculture: production losses, 1819-1820, 1848, \r 1874, 1876, 1877\r agriculture: trade and imports, 1871, 1871\r agroclimatic zones, 1843, 1844\r air quality, 1860\r airports, 1851\r allergies and pollen, 1863\r alpine regions, 1866\r biodiversity, 1834-1835, 1836, 1838, 1840\r biodiversity: marine and coastal, 1840\r biodiversity hotspots, 1834, 2137\r blue carbon ecosystems, 1841\r built environment, 1852-1856\r business and industry, 1851-1852\r [...]"


id: e7dae5e6d9de43fe564529dbdefebd45
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38101
content:
"[...] carbon cycle/regulation, 1819, 1820, 1836-1837\r cascading impacts, 1840-1841\r cities, 1820, 1850-1859\r cities: adaptation, 1855, 1856-1859, 1857, 1859\r cities: multiple risks, 1820, 1852"


id: d7d6d8b3615bec06783d4a2d60890b9b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35279
content:
"in food and fibre systems, 818-825\r governance, 30, 106, 2542, 2581-2584, \r 2706-2707\r for health adaptation, 1115-1116\r knowledge, 30, 2585-2596\r linkages, 134\r poverty, equity, and livelihoods, 1175, 1228-1239\r for societal resilience, 108-109\r for transformation, 175-177, 981-982\r for water security, 557\r Endemic species*, 16, 47, 56\r Endemic species, 2046, 2125, 2126, 2132, 2135\r Energy\r access, 2657\r climate resilient development (CRD), 1244-1245\r infrastructure, 931-933, 954-955\r prices, 932\r water-energy-food (WEF) nexus, 655, 811, 1246, \r 1347, 1530-1531, 2769\r Energy production, 49, 50, 99, 585-586\r adaptation, 27, 625-627, 640, 647\r biofuels, 653-654, 1245, 1697\r coal fuel, 615\r diversification, 625\r efficiency increase, 625\r electric power, 932-933, 1244\r extreme weather events and, 586\r hydropower, 555, 585-586, 614-615, 625, 647\r observed impacts, 49, 50, 555\r oceans and coastal systems, 457\r projected risks, 614-616\r renewable energy (See Renewable energy)\r [...]"


id: 4e94997219f78599b4ca85054ce6ac
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 11095
content:
"[...] solar power, 932-933, 1245\r system transition, 27, 99, 2690-2691, 2699, 2769, \r 2773-2774\r thermoelectric, 555, 585, 586, 615, 932\r water requirements and sources, 99, 555, \r 625-627\r wind power, 1245\r ENSOSee El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)"


id: d4a67dd36bda8853e3cd6ceaa3188b39
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34732
content:
"cities: population in, 1850, 1852\r climate, current, 1819, 1824\r climate change: opportunities from, 1892\r climate change: perceptions on, 1886-1887, 1886\r climate change: public concern about, 1823, 1823\r climate classification (Koppen-Geiger), 1834\r climate impacts, regional assessments, 1824-1826\r climate resilient development, 1821, 1883, 2726\r climate risks, global interactions, 1870-1873, 1872\r climate services, 1819, 1884-1885\r coastal ecosystems, 1839-1843, 1840\r coastal erosion, 1827\r coastal flooding, 1824, 1827, 1832, 1852\r coastal flooding: risks, 1827, 1874, 1878-1880, \r 1879\r coastal flooding: Venice, 1828-1829\r coastal regions, 1827\r coastal regions: population density, 1826\r coastal zone management, 1841-1842\r cold waves, 1854-1855\r Covenant of Mayors, 920\r crop production, 1843-1844\r cultural heritage, 1866, 1870, 1874, 1880\r desertification, 1823\r detection and attribution, 1873-1881, 1873\r diseases, 293, 1045, 1844, 1862-1863, 1862\r disproportionate impacts, 1819\r [...]"


id: 6463f9df3c11c081cff35a9e6d5e505e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14940
content:
"[...] droughts, 1824, 1826, 1867\r droughts: projected, 61, 1825, 1826, 1827, 1853, \r 1854-1855\r early warning systems, 1833\r energy systems, 1850, 1851, 1857, 1859\r European territories outside of Europe, 1872\r FAQs, 1889-1892\r fires, 272, 1819, 1835-1836, 1836, 1838, 1860\r fires: area burned, 245\r fisheries and aquaculture, 1840-1841, 1844-\r 1846, 1845, 1849, 1866\r floods, 590, 591, 1820, 1827-1828, 1830-1832, \r 1852, 1874\r floods: projected, 59, 1820, 1852\r floods: risks and management, 1830-1832, 1874, \r 1878-1880, 1879\r floods: riverine and pluvial, 1827-1828, \r 1832-1833, 1832, 1852, 1853\r floods: transmission of flood risks, 1872\r food, fibre, and ecosystem products, 1843-1850\r food production, 1843-1846, 1848, 1866-1867, \r 1876, 1877\r food production: adaptation, 1846, 1847-1849, \r 1848, 1874, 1877\r food quality and nutrition, 1863\r food, self-provisioning, 1864\r forestry and products, 1846-1847, 1849\r forests, 1843, 1846, 1849\r forests: pests, 200\r glaciers, 1823, 1824, 1867\r [...]"


id: 7d4b4294de20aa0ef61e8a9054aa533a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 19217
content:
"[...] globalisation, 1849, 1870-1873, 1872\r groundwater, 1830\r harmful algal blooms, 1840-1841, 1840\r health, 1860-1865, 1874\r health: adaptation, 1863-1865, 1864, 1874\r heat-related mortality, 59, 1819, 1860, 1864, 1874"


id: cd0e6b5cf4749186f3c8eec341d2baf1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 33416
content:
"protected areas, 1838\r railways, 1850, 1851\r risk perception, 1886-1887, 1886\r risks, 1819-1820\r risks: from outside Europe, 1820\r risks: key (See key risks, above)\r risks: multiple, 1820, 1880\r risks: residual, 1820, 1856-1858, 1880\r rivers, 1850-1851\r rivers: flooding, 1827-1828, 1832-1833, 1832\r Sami reindeer herding, 82, 1057-1058, \r 1868-1869\r sea level rise, 1820, 1824, 1826, 1827, 1831, \r 1850, 1871, 1878-1880\r sea level rise: planning for, 1831\r seas, 1824\r seas: acidification, 1824, 1841, 1846\r skiing, 1852\r snow, 1824, 1852, 1866\r social inequity, 1865-1870, 1889\r socioeconomic conditions, 1820, 1823, 1823\r soil erosion, 1836, 1837-1838\r soil moisture, 1828\r species extirpation, 1834-1835\r species range shifts, 1835, 1836, 1837, 1843\r storms, 1824, 1826\r streamflow, 573\r supply chain issues, 1849, 1871\r sustainable development goals, 1887, 1888\r temperature, 1819, 1824, 1875-1876, 2723\r temperature: sea surface temperature, 1826, 1827, \r 1867\r [...]"


id: fe99996528bc852250e2d3ad9c2e98ae
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 42167
content:
"[...] temperature: thermal comfort, 1819, 1858\r temperature extremes, 1824, 1824-1825, 1853, \r 1875, 2723\r temperature scenarios, 1819, 1820, 1825-1826, \r 1840, 1876, 1878\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 1834-1839, \r 1836\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems: adaptation, \r 1838-1839, 1890\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems: carbon \r sinks, 1819\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems: \r composition and integrity, 1819\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems: habitat \r space, 1819, 1836\r tourism, 1852, 1857, 2449\r trade and globalisation, 1849, 1870-1873\r transboundary risks, 1820\r transport, 1850-1851, 1857\r tree mortality, 249\r tropicalisation, 1839-1840\r Venice and its lagoon, 1828-1829\r Vibrio pathogens, 1841, 1862, 1863\r vulnerabilities, 1823-1824, 1823, 1825-1826\r vulnerable settlement zones, 1864\r wastewater, 1852, 1857\r water, 1827-1834\r water: observed impacts, 1827-1830\r water: projected risks, 59, 1827-1830\r water: solution space and adaptation, 1830-\r [...]"


id: 8dad84440b49c480110839c576ed10c9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 22115
content:
"heat stress, 59, 1819, 1860, 1861, 1864, 1874\r heatwaves, 590, 591, 1824, 1850, 1854-1855, \r 1858, 1860\r heatwaves, adaptation to, 1891\r impact drivers, 1824, 1888\r impacts: observed and projected, 1824-1827, \r 1824-1826\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge, \r 1821, 2716\r inequalities, 1819, 1865-1870, 1889\r infrastructure, 1850-1859\r infrastructure: adaptation, 1856-1859, 1857, 1859\r infrastructure: overall hazards, 1854\r insurance, 1858\r inter-regional issues, 1820, 1870-1873, 1872\r key risks, 1819-1820, 1874\r key risks: KR1 (ecosystem effects of heat), 1819, \r 1874, 1875-1876\r key risks: KR1 (heat stress and deaths), 1819, 1874\r key risks: KR2 (agricultural production losses), \r 1819-1820, 1874, 1876, 1877\r key risks: KR3 (water scarcity), 1820, 1874, \r 1877-1878, 1878\r key risks: KR4 (flooding), 1820, 1874, 1878-1880, \r 1879\r key risks, multiple, 1820, 1880\r labour productivity, 1863\r land cover changes, 573\r livelihoods, 1865-1870, 1866-1867\r [...]"


id: e3fc8a4c1a5384da234e0d67ba34b095
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37400
content:
"[...] livestock, 1843, 1844, 1847, 1867\r local knowledge, 1884-1885\r losses and damages, 1819, 1823, 1823, 1828, \r 1866-1867, 1867-1870, 1880, 1881\r maladaptation in (Spain), 806\r Malmo, Sweden, 1883\r marine ecosystems and species, 1839-1843, 1890\r marine protected areas (MPAs), 1826, 1838, \r 1842-1843, 1842, 1872\r Mediterranean Region (See Mediterranean Region)\r mental health, 1863\r migration and displacement, 1867, 1870\r Milan, Italy, 1883\r mortality, climate-related, 1819, 1823, 1860, 1864, \r 1874\r mudflows, 1856\r observed impacts, 1824-1827, 1824-1826\r occupational health, 1863\r ocean and coastal ecosystems, 1839-1843, 1840, \r 1890\r olives, 1844\r permafrost, 1823-1824, 1855-1856\r pests and weeds, 1844\r phenology, 1835, 1836\r plant pests, 1844\r pollinators, 1836, 1837\r ports, 1850, 1871\r poverty, 1865, 1870\r precipitation, 573, 1824-1826, 1824, 2723\r precipitation extremes, 1824-1826\r production: agricultural, 1819-1820, 1843-1844, \r 1848, 1866, 1876, 1877\r [...]"


id: a21f176a98d1261ffc2dbb024a95416e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25758
content:
"[...] production: marine and coastal, 1840, 1840, 1841\r projected impacts, 19, 59, 1819-1820, 1824-"


id: 1a2732ce326bf35a2a856489c3b8dece
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 1793
content:
"North America, 1932, 1948-1950, 1962, 1967, \r 1969\r urban areas, 927-928\r See also Wildfires\r iscal policy, 2719\r ish, 381-382\r biomass projection, 2678\r freshwater, 592\r mercury and, 49, 1076, 1098\r multiple drivers, effects on, 406-407\r ocean acidification and, 401, 406-407\r phenology, 437-438, 439\r range shifts, 382, 386, 433-434, 460, 724, 766, \r 768, 2328\r temporal mismatches, 382, 437-438\r tuna, 462\r water temperature and, 460\r isheries, 11, 48-49, 57-60, 381-382, 469, 770-773\r acidification and, 48\r adaptation, 476-480, 766-767, 807\r adaptation feasibility, 2770\r adaptative capacity, 772\r bycatch, 1952\r capture fisheries, 763\r catch composition, 457\r closures of, 1952, 1957\r competition issues, 805\r distribution and range shifts, 433, 724, 765, 766, \r 769\r finfish culture, 776-779\r food fish consumption, 760, 765\r food safety, 725, 764, 765, 766, 789\r food security and, 764-765\r freshwater, 278-279\r Ghanian fisheries, 769\r inland, 763, 764-765\r livelihoods, 717, 760\r [...]"


id: 65dbed512c73f5532f451f16c6f64820
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15182
content:
"[...] maladaptation, 2438\r management, 457, 722, 765, 807-808\r marine, 764\r observed impacts, 11, 12, 46, 48-49, 388, \r 428-429, 429, 717, 764\r overfishing, 381\r in polar regions, 433\r projected impacts, 57-60, 383, 613, 766\r small-scale/subsistence, 469, 613\r sustainable harvesting, 475, 485, 486, 766-767\r vulnerability/risk, 764-765, 770\r women in, 765\r See also Aquaculture; specific regions\r loods, 81, 558, 573-577\r accommodating, 634-635\r adaptation, 23, 27, 310, 634-635, 640, 647, 802, \r 950, 957-958\r adaptation limits, 2449\r agriculture and, 585, 613, 805-806\r cities and, 1964-1967\r coastal zones, 17, 81, 382, 950, 1964-1967\r compound risks, 67-68\r dam failures, 615\r detection and attribution, 555, 587\r economic impacts, 62, 577"


id: e1bb8bbe356cf425d21c0677886b67d5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36989
content:
"Fairness*, 162-163, 2592\r between generations, 162\r FAQs. See Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\r Farming. See Agriculture\r Farmworkers, 734, 795\r Feasibility*, 23-28, 24-26, 2724-2732, 2733, \r 2769-2807\r Cross-Chapter Box (FEASIB), 2769-2807\r knowledge gaps, 2787-2788\r linkages, 134\r of solutions, 23-28, 161, 161\r Feedbacks, 34, 267, 274-277, 275, 276\r carbon balance and, 202-203, 274-277, 275, 276\r decision making and, 2577\r ecosystem-climate, 274-277, 275, 276\r fires, 275-276\r forests, 275-276\r Fibre. See Food, fibre, and other ecosystem products\r Finance, 8, 42, 55\r 100 Billion (climate finance commitment), \r 2586-2587\r access to, 98\r active ownership, 2710\r as adaptation barrier/limiter, 22, 84, 2445-2448, \r 2504\r adaptation finance (See Adaptation finance)\r climate finance, 28, 35, 2586-2593, 2708-2709, \r 2721\r Climate Policy Initiative, 2590\r COVID recovery packages, 2592-2593\r Cross-Chapter Box (FINANCE), 2586-2593\r crowdfunding, 2710\r [...]"


id: 59439b57165ed08b0335a99837caa437
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 12947
content:
"[...] as enabling condition, 106, 164, 488, 1115, \r 2542-2543, 2584-2585\r equity and fairness in, 2592\r FAQ, 2617-2618\r financial flows, 2442, 2547, 2548, 2586-2593\r financial flows: diagram, 2591\r financial flows: tracking, 2609, 2612-2613\r financial instruments, 30, 826, 977, 1248, 2710\r forecast-based, 2489\r green strategies and investments, 2710\r institutional investors, 2710\r insurance, 814-817\r investment in physical capital, 1235\r losses and damages, 2565\r negative and positive screening, 2710\r private sector, 30, 719, 825, 977, 978, 2543, 2721\r public investment, 30, 719, 825, 977\r Rio Markers, 2613\r risk financing, 2553-2554\r risk transmission through, 68, 2441-2442\r various funds, 2710\r Fires, 11, 50, 927-928\r air pollution and diseases, 1045, 1054, 1071\r Amazon region, 1220-1221\r attribution for, 1948\r Australasia, 589-590, 591, 1583, 1589, \r 1589-1590, 1594, 1599-1601\r escalating impacts and risks, 1599-1601\r Europe, 1819, 1835-1836, 1836, 1838, 1860"


id: aa1e459dd1438ff56838c419842877ee
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27155
content:
"about, 11\r atmospheric river events, 1953, 1962\r compound*, 208, 909\r COVID-19 and, 1068\r Cross-Chapter Box (EXTREMES), 215-218\r current exceedence of projected conditions, 48\r deaths/mortality, 1174\r detection and attribution, 215, 555, 587\r disproportionate impacts, 47, 1181, 1206\r droughts, 556\r event attribution, 1938-1939\r evolutionary responses and, 48\r FAQs, 1938-1939, 2508\r floods, 555\r frequency and magnitude of, 11, 47, 56\r frequency and severity of, 204, 215, 588\r freshwater systems, 214\r health and, 1045, 1053\r heatwaves and temperature extremes, 215-217\r IPCC Special Report on (SREX), 173-174\r irreversible impacts, 11, 48\r key risks and, 2508\r learning from, 217-218\r losses and damages, 47, 54-55\r mental health effects, 48, 1045, 1076\r migration and, 52, 65, 1045, 1078, 1084-1085, \r 1100-1101\r observed changes, 11, 47-48, 208, 215-217, 717\r precipitation, 567\r projections, 15-17, 21, 56\r as public face of climate change, 588-591\r [...]"


id: 427b01412f7b742621d9a122d801072c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8890
content:
"[...] Reasons for Concern (RFC2), 18, 2417, 2486, \r 2488-2490, 2501\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 200, 204, \r 208-210, 214, 215-218\r unprecedented consequences of, 48\r urgency for climate action, 204\r vulnerability and, 217-218, 1181, 1181\r water-related, 565, 622\r See also Disasters; Droughts; Floods; Heatwaves; \r d ifiid t"


id: 8d77081bb57011ff735ff794f14016f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 22073
content:
"methodologies and uncertainties, 725-728, 726\r mixed systems, 723, 745, 782-787, 785\r models and assessment in, 725-728, 726\r nutrition and diet (See Diet; Nutrition)\r observed impacts, 48-49, 717, 728-733\r other natural products, 757-760\r phenology, 717\r policies and governance, 719\r previous IPCC reports, 720\r projected impacts, 717-718, 734-742\r protein sources, alternate, 753\r resin and gum, 757, 758\r risks and vulnerability, 721\r SDGs, 2729\r supply chain/post-harvest, 787-792, 2443\r transformations, 728, 822-823\r vulnerabilities, 733-734, 733\r water-energy-food (WEF) nexus, 655, 811, 1246, \r 1530-1531, 2769\r wild foods, 758-760, 761-763\r youth innovation and, 719, 820-821\r Food availability*, 48, 60, 717, 793, 794-795, \r 796-798, 834\r Food-borne diseases, 64, 1045, 1065-1066, 1095, \r 1968, 1970, 2064-2065\r adaptation options, 1107-1108, 1107\r Food insecurity, 48, 717, 1174\r Food loss and waste (FLW), 788-789, 792\r Food prices, 20, 48, 53, 82, 790-791, 798\r conflicts and, 53, 1087\r [...]"


id: 2cc700a4ee9c68a136bd87ed24757759
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 5145
content:
"[...] projected impacts, 1098\r Food production, 11, 12, 16, 48-49, 82, 717-718, \r 2425-2426\r about: storyline figure, 74-75\r adaptation, 87-91, 742-746, 788, 951-952\r adaptation limits, 85, 2449\r aquaculture, 456, 459-460, 718, 773-782, 787\r carbon dioxide effects on, 736, 1046\r cascading impacts*, 82, 724, 724\r climate hazards and, 733\r climate resilient development (CRD) and, \r 1242-1243\r coffee and cocoa, 784-785, 788, 825-827, 1211\r crop-based systems, 728-746\r crop failures, 731, 1250\r crop yields (See Crop yields)\r Cross-Chapter Box (MOVING PLATE), 768-773\r Cross-Working Group Box (BIOECONOMY), \r 828-831\r diversification of, 745\r equity and, 723, 734, 768\r extreme events and, 718\r fisheries, 770-773\r food imports/exports, 1695, 1699, 1736, 2443\r food safety, 481, 764, 789-790, 791\r human rights-based approaches, 801\r hydroponics, 787\r key risks, 725, 2462-2463, 2503\r land areas for, 717, 802-803, 803-804\r land deals and, 91, 802-803, 803-804\r livestock-based systems, 746-753\r [...]"


id: 195960215e3668eb3136de3adaf35b9f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 1674
content:
"observed impacts, 46, 48-49, 468, 723-724, \r 728-734, 2425-2426\r ocean and coastal systems, 456-460, 457, 458\r ozone effects on, 732-733\r pests and, 16, 718, 730-732\r plant breeding, 728, 743-744, 745, 1356\r post-harvest (See Food supply chain)\r projected impacts, 16, 57-61, 59, 717-718, \r 734-742\r risk transmission and, 2443\r sudden losses of, 11, 20, 49, 74, 832-833\r supply chain (post-harvest to food), 787-792\r trade-offs, 804-805, 805\r vulnerabilities and risks, 733-734, 733, 1492, \r 1495\r water and, 74, 558\r water-energy-food (WEF) nexus, 74, 655, 1246, \r 1347, 1530-1531, 2769\r wild foods, 758-760, 761-763, 1353-1354\r wine, 739\r See also Agriculture; Crop production; Fisheries; \r Livestock\r Food safety, 49, 51, 789-790, 793, 798\r adaptation, 791\r fisheries, 725, 764, 765, 766, 789\r projected impacts, 798, 798\r risks, 20, 798\r seafood safety, 20, 481, 764\r Food security*, 11, 16, 720, 792-802, 2462-2463\r about: storyline figure, 74-75\r adaptation feasibility, 1110\r [...]"


id: 9abdb1c9b469c2b7ae88078497ca684a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 24463
content:
"[...] adaptation options, 798-799, 802, 836-837, 1111\r climate-change impacts, 792-794, 793-794, 1076\r compounding effects on, 67, 795\r COVID-19 and, 792\r desert locusts and, 795\r drivers of, 792\r droughts and, 585\r FAQs, 835-838\r fisheries and, 717\r food access*, 16, 793, 795-798\r food availability*, 48, 717, 793, 794-795, \r 796-798, 834\r food demand, 811\r food prices, 20, 48, 53, 790-791, 798, 1098\r food quality, 793, 798\r food stability, 793, 796\r food utilisation, 793, 796\r four dimensions of, 793-794\r key risks, 2455, 2462-2463, 2503\r nutrition and, 811, 1110-1111\r observed impacts, 11, 48, 794-796\r projected impacts, 16, 57-61, 67, 796-798\r regional disparities in, 16, 57, 60\r rural areas, 796\r safety nets, 796\r SDG2 (Zero Hunger), 798\r undernutrition, 798, 1046\r vulnerability/risks, 794\r Food shocks, 832-833\r Food sovereignty, 818, 1056\r Food supply chain, 787-792\r adaptation, 791-792, 792"


id: 32a6d6e3a407b97c09124d18645df024
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6173
content:
"in Europe (2021), 590, 591\r examples, 575\r exposure, 573, 576, 1052\r extreme events, 555, 565\r FAQ, 310, 662-663\r flood risk, 556\r food safety/contamination, 789, 802\r frequency and magnitude, 573\r glacier lake outburst floods, 577, 1715, 2291\r hard infrastructure, 634\r heavy precipitation and, 575, 577\r human health and, 582, 616, 1064, 1219\r human migration and, 593-594\r human mortality, 50-51\r migration and, 1085\r natural flood management, 297, 310\r observed changes, 558, 573-577\r as percent of all disasters, 555, 558, 577\r planning for, 634\r projected changes, 16, 17, 61, 62, 81, 556, \r 605-608, 606, 2678\r return period, 17, 81, 2678\r risks, 81, 938\r river floods, 62, 573, 576-577, 606, 607, 950-951\r urban areas, 617, 925-926, 938, 957-958\r vulnerability/risk, 577, 608\r See also specific regions\r Flying foxes, 216-217, 1595, 1637\r Food, fibre, and other ecosystem products, \r 713-906\r about, 717-719, 721\r about: storyline figure, 74-75\r adaptation, 87-91, 718-719, 811, 812\r [...]"


id: ed9660e0bf33eeade50a87457278b531
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 39158
content:
"[...] adaptation implementation, 811-832\r adaptation options, 90-91, 718, 721, 722-723\r bioeconomies, 718\r cascading impacts, 82, 724, 724\r climate change impacts, 720-721, 721, 832-834\r climate change interactions, 811\r climate resilient development, 825-827, 2729\r competition, trade-offs, and nexus interactions, \r 802-811, 835-836\r crop-based systems, 728-746\r Cross-Chapter Box (MOVING PLATE), 768-773\r Cross-Working Group Box (BIOECONOMY), \r 828-831\r cultural ecosystem services, 740, 741-742\r diet and nutrition, 717, 799-802\r equity considerations, 718, 719, 723, 734, 801, \r 818\r FAQs, 832-838\r fisheries, 770-773\r food access (See Food security)\r food-borne diseases, 1045, 1065-1066, 1095, 1107\r food sourcing (MOVING PLATE), 768-773\r food systems (See Food systems)\r forestry systems, 753-757\r impacts, detection and attribution, 723-724\r impacts on vulnerable groups, 717, 719\r key risks, 725, 2462-2463, 2503\r land-related issues, 717, 719, 802-803\r livestock-based systems, 746-753\r [...]"


id: 4dd976575757d279637583291884989
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 10965
content:
"Karuk Climate Adaptation Plan, 755-756\r management and mitigation, 1243-1244, \r 2776-2777\r mixed systems, 782-787\r observed impacts, 48-49, 717, 753-754\r plantation forests, 204, 264, 265, 288, 2371, 2378\r projected impacts, 754-755\r REDD+ and, 757, 757, 1243-1244, 1512, 2384, \r 2440\r sustainable, 289, 757, 2371, 2372, 2393-2396\r tree planting, 310, 315-316, 1341\r Forests, 204, 753-757\r adaptation, 23-26, 643, 719, 756-757, 2769, \r 2776-2777\r afforestation, 56, 91, 305, 2439, 2769, 2776-2777\r Amazon (See Amazon region/forest)\r boreal, 201, 237-238, 265-266, 269\r carbon stocks, 240, 250, 272\r deforestation (See Deforestation)\r dieback, 208, 239, 241, 272\r ecosystem services, 753\r feedbacks and, 275-276\r insect pests and damage, 16, 47, 248-249, \r 275-276\r land area, 56\r land rights and, 719\r management, 23, 2776-2777\r mangrove (See Mangroves)\r natural, 23\r observed impacts, 48-49, 753-754\r pest species, 200, 248-249, 273, 275-276\r plantation forests, 204, 264, 265, 288, 2371, 2378\r [...]"


id: 9e760f0abcd57d4668a70643ff2947d1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25101
content:
"[...] projected impacts, 265-266, 718, 754-755\r range/biome shifts, 201, 202, 238, 240\r recovery after fires, 754\r reforestation*, 165, 304-305, 314-316, \r 2776-2777\r sustainable management, 23, 304-305, 757, \r 2371, 2372, 2393-2396\r tree mortality, 22, 200, 201, 246-249, 272-273, \r 280-281, 753-754, 1946, 2499\r tree planting, 310, 315-316, 1341\r tropical (See Tropical forests)\r urban areas, 309, 935\r See also Amazon region/forest; Deforestation; Trees\r Four Rs (reduce, remove, reuse and recycle), 631\r Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\r 1.1 | What are the goals of climate change \r adaptation?, 179\r 1.2 | Is climate change adaptation urgent?, 180\r 1.3 | What constitutes successful adaptation to \r climate change?, 180-181\r 1.4 | What is transformational adaptation?, 181\r 2.1 | Will species become extinct with climate \r change and is there anything we can do \r to prevent this?, 221-222\r 2.2 | How does climate change increase the risk \r of diseases?, 233-235\r [...]"


id: 35ce2c387ed38681ce7d668e0bb305f0
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6716
content:
"[...] 2.3 | Is climate change increasing wildfire?, \r 247-248\r 2.4 | How does nature benefit human health and \r well-being and how does climate change \r affect this?, 282-283"


id: bc307a60a1a5f0fc59cc2cdddab58140
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 30351
content:
"food loss, 788, 790, 792\r food safety and, 789-790, 791\r food waste, 788-789, 792\r transportation and trade, 790-791, 791\r Food systems*, 48, 57-61, 718, 802-811, 2425-2426\r adaptation (See Food systems adaptation)\r climate change impacts (FAQ), 834\r climate change interactions, 811\r competition and, 805-806, 835-836\r crop-based systems, 728-746\r dynamic nature of, 727-728\r financial actors in, 810-811\r human rights-based approaches, 801\r Indigenous knowledge and, 818-820\r models and assessment, 725-728, 726\r nexus interactions, 802-811, 1246, 1530-1531, \r 2769\r political action gap, 972\r post-harvest (See Food supply chain)\r projected impacts, 57-61\r strengthening, 818\r transformations, 728, 822-823\r Food systems adaptation, 718-719, 721, 806, \r 811-832, 812\r actors, 812\r adaptation options, 721, 722-723\r aquaculture, 722, 779-782, 781\r bioeconomies, 718\r climate services, 813-814\r community-based adaptation, 817-818\r cost effectivenss, 718\r crop breeding, 728, 743-744, 745, 1356\r [...]"


id: a6bead01e0ee54774e3cf4f22ca5c260
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26553
content:
"[...] crop production, 742-746\r ecosystem-based, 718\r effectiveness indicators, 812\r enabling conditions, 818-825\r FAQs, 836-838\r feasibility and effectiveness, 718, 815, 1110\r finance and, 719, 823-825, 824, 825\r fisheries, 476-480, 766-767\r food sovereignty, 818, 1056\r forestry, 755-756, 756-757, 757\r implementation, 811-832\r insurance, 814-817\r land issues, 719\r maladaptation, 806, 807-809\r on-farm adaptations, 718\r policies and governance, 719\r SDGs and, 814\r state of adaptation, 811, 812, 813\r sustainable resource management, 718-719\r Food webs, 67\r marine, 381, 395, 449-451, 2329-2330\r polar regions, 1950, 2321, 2329-2330, 2332\r Forest fires. See Fires; Wildfires\r Forestry, 753-757\r adaptation/maladaptation, 23-26, 643, 719, 756-\r 757, 2437-2438, 2439, 2769, 2776-2777\r agroforestry*, 71, 640, 643, 647, 783, 1242-1243, \r 2775-2776\r climate resilient development (CRD), 1243-1244"


id: 3606c4939d2492a5d6a35cbb4493f0fb
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6754
content:
"Gender Equality Index, 2672\r gender equality SDG (SDG5), 101, 1174, \r 2703-2704\r gender gaps, 1175\r gender-responsive action, 911\r gender roles, 2700, 2704\r health and, 63, 1051-1053, 1055\r Indigenous Peoples and, 1055\r invisible women, 973\r justice and, 53, 2700\r leave policies, 55\r mainstreaming, 1349\r migration and, 1085\r mountain regions, 2275, 2276, 2289, 2290, 2293, \r 2297, 2298\r pay gaps, 55\r peacebuilding and, 1119\r small islands and, 2050, 2077, 2091\r vulnerability and, 49, 65, 1052-1057, 1052, 1192\r water-related issues, 555, 586-587, 656-657, 1346\r women in governance, 973\r Genetic responses, 201, 236-237, 407-408, 408\r Genetically modified (GM) crops, 71, 798-799, 799\r Genetics in agriculture, 71, 743-744, 745\r genetically modified (GM) crops, 798-799, 799\r Ghanian fisheries, 769\r Giardia, 1095\r Glacial lakes, 1715\r Glacier lake outburst floods/outbursts*, 61, 577, \r 1715, 2291\r Glaciers, 50, 570-571, 1219, 2275, 2291, 2300\r adaptation limits, 1224\r [...]"


id: 6b0ec87b821eb60da7e21997fef7a8ce
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16128
content:
"[...] adaptation limits and, 28\r Africa, 1290, 1329\r Asia, 1459, 1463, 1465, 1485, 1532\r Australasia, 1583, 1625\r Central and South America, 1691, 1701, \r 1702-1703, 1714, 1717, 1718\r Europe, 1823, 1824, 1867\r mass loss, 11, 16, 61, 555, 570, 571\r melting of, 21, 50, 558, 563\r meltwater/runoff, 564, 582, 605\r North America, 1954\r observed changes, 11, 50, 565\r polar regions, 2324\r projected changes, 16\r Global aggregate impacts, 18, 2417, 2486, \r 2492-2494, 2501\r projected, 17\r See also ANNEX I: Global to Regional Atlas\r Global greening, 564\r Global warming*, 130-132\r adaptation limits and, 28\r adaptive capacity and, 2666\r benefits of limiting, 556\r Cross-Chapter Box (CLIMATE), 137-145\r current level of, 44\r escalating impacts with each degree of warming, \r 16, 22, 55-56, 57\r future pathways, 2662\r mid to long-term risks, 16-17, 18-20, 63, 69\r near-term risks, 15, 55, 69\r outcomes, 44"


id: 99aa7c6549b9b9c18ce06aa3a2cf7b8e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 24267
content:
"overshoot scenarios, 21-22, 35, 57, 69\r potential amplification of, 22\r projected time to reach 1.5degC, 10, 44, 144-145\r projections, 16, 18, 130, 391\r public perceptions about, 1939-1942, 1941\r risks at 1.5degC, 15, 68-69\r risks beyond 1.5degC, 16-17, 69\r temperature targets, 2417, 2420, 2447, 2657\r unprecedented nature of, 45, 55-56, 68\r See also Temperature\r Global warming levels (GWLs), 137, 139-143\r escalating risks and impacts, 16, 22\r and projected climate change, 16, 2677-2678\r Globalisation, 68, 1849, 1870-1873, 1872, 2416\r risk transmission and, 21, 2441-2444\r supply chains, 21\r Gondwana refugia, 300, 1599\r Governance*, 96-97, 106, 1245-1246, 2581-2584\r adaptation and, 29, 35, 71, 91, 126, 166-168, \r 480, 2542, 2581-2584, 2583\r adaptation implementation and, 1510-1514\r Circulating and Ecological Sphere (CES), 1462, \r 1515\r city and local, 110-111\r climate resilient development and, 35, 110-111, \r 2659-2660, 2706-2707, 2712-2717\r climate shocks, anticipating, 976-977\r [...]"


id: 81db74f7c3bd8085ea3fca4e650e156a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 19967
content:
"[...] enabling condition, 106, 126, 990-991, 2542, \r 2581-2584, 2712\r environmental and social, 2584\r examples, 2583\r FAQ, 996\r goals for climate action, 125\r inclusive, 30, 31, 35, 110, 383, 996\r informal, 110-111\r knowledge and, 2593\r local, 910, 991\r multi-level*, 91, 111, 166, 964, 966, 2659\r networked, 910\r oceans, 383, 389, 488-489\r partnerships, 26, 97\r polycentric*, 658-659, 1246, 2542\r regulations and standards, 2583-2584\r transboundary, 30, 480, 659, 719, 768-769, 2276, \r 2304\r transformative, 383\r transnational legislation, 659\r urban governance, 910, 913, 964, 973, 996\r water governance, 658-659\r women in, 973\r Governance capacity*, 166-167\r GiSAiltCildMiRiWht"


id: 53b5623a48c122d93a7ccbd1fe2c16c8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 11996
content:
"Happiness Indexes, 2672\r Hard and soft limits, 28, 84, 127, 171, 649-650, \r 1224-1225, 1250, 2415, 2444, 2445, 2560\r Hard protection, 86, 2075-2076, 2078-2079, 2081, \r 2084\r cities and settlements by the sea, 2172, 2174, 2183\r Harmful algal blooms (HABs), 20, 64, 404, 463, \r 469, 789, 1076, 1098, 1840-1841\r Hazards*, 57, 67, 76-77, 148-149, 208, 1059, 1249\r about, 8, 76-77, 82-83\r adaptation-related responses and, 2432, 2433\r compound, 67-68\r hazard-vulnerability interface, 1181\r health impacts, 1044, 1045, 1059\r linkages, 67, 82-83, 134, 1178-1180, 1179\r mortality per hazard event, 77\r multiple, 48, 67, 82-83\r observed changes, 208-209\r poverty and inequality linkages, 1178-1180, 1179\r water-related, 555-556\r Health: of planet and ecosystems. See Ecosystem \r health; Planetary health\r Health and well-being, 1041-1170\r about, 1044-1059, 1058\r about: summary, 12, 13, 17, 50-52, 63-64\r about: storyline figure, 79\r adaptation (See Health adaptation)\r aeroallergens, 1071, 1095-1096\r [...]"


id: 6a2ef592ec5eccf45b3f111ec7f1361f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15958
content:
"[...] air quality, 939, 1045, 1095-1096\r biodiversity and, 253\r carbon dioxide effects, 1046\r cascading effects, 1050-1051\r cascading risks, 67, 1065\r children, 1053, 1089\r climate actions and, 1124-1125\r climate change and, 1049-1050, 1126-1127\r climate hazards and, 1044, 1045, 1050-1051, 1106\r climate resilient development, 1119-1123, 1120\r communicable diseases*, 1045, 1062-1071\r compound risks, 67\r conflicts and, 1044, 1045, 1086-1088, 1102, 1128\r COVID-19 and, 1047, 1067-1070\r Cross-Chapter Box (HEALTH), 1124-1125\r definitions, 1049\r disease burdens, 1046, 1060-1062, 1096\r diseases, 1045-1046, 1062-1072\r droughts and, 578\r early warning systems, 1113\r ecosystem services and, 47, 282-283\r elderly people, 1045, 1053\r extreme events and, 1045, 1053\r FAQs, 1126-1129\r food-borne diseases, 1045, 1065-1066, 1095, 1107\r gender and, 63, 1051-1053, 1055\r grief, 467, 594, 1078, 1971, 2340\r hazards, exposure and vulnerability, 1050-1059, \r 1051, 1052, 1059, 1106\r [...]"


id: bef01ee1f26c64704706545d885319c3
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 30860
content:
"[...] health engagement scores, 1105\r heat and cold-related impacts, 1045, 1060-1061, \r 1072-1074, 1091-1092\r heat-related deaths, 946, 1072-1074, 1089, 1090, \r 1090, 2461\r heat risk, 924"


id: dab9c08fe7e9f478d852d5ab7df62224
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35772
content:
"malnutrition, 1110-1112, 1111\r mental health, 1112-1113, 1112, 1127\r migration and, 1116-1118\r mitigation and, 1122-1123\r monitoring, evaluation and learning, 1114\r options and solutions, 1046-1047, 1127-1128\r outcomes, 1090, 1106\r peacebuilding, 1047, 1118-1119, 1123\r policies and programmes, 1105-1107\r solution space, 1103, 1104, 1128-1129\r strategies for, 1105-1114\r sustainable development (SDGs), 1046-1047, \r 1121-1122\r targeted investments, 1047\r Health systems\r capacity and resilience, 95, 1102\r climate resilient, 946, 1119-1123, 1120\r future (SSPs), 1121\r universal health coverage, 1121, 2657\r Heat action plans (HAPs), 27, 1047\r Heat islands. See Urban heat islands\r Heat-related deaths, 17, 51, 57, 58, 63-64, 1061, \r 1062, 1090, 1968, 1968, 2426, 2461, 2490\r adaptation options, 1108-1109, 1109\r global map, 80\r regional projections, 1089, 2678\r Heat stress*, 54, 717, 770, 1371\r adaptation options and, 1047, 1107, 1109, 1383\r livestock and, 717-718, 747, 750, 770\r [...]"


id: e3444e6f57226e9c6b3f5a90daacf492
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37280
content:
"[...] outdoor workers, 54, 717-718, 796-797, 797\r urban areas, 924, 946\r Heatwaves*, 51, 80, 215-216, 922-925, 1046, \r 1091-1093\r Africa, 1329, 1345\r Antarctica, 217\r Asia, 1460, 1464, 1464, 1533\r Australasia, 216-217, 1618, 1624-1625, 1639, \r 1648\r compound risks, 67-68\r Europe (2019), 590, 591\r human mortality from, 17, 51, 442-444, 590, 1046\r lake heatwaves, 1290, 1345, 1345\r marine (See Marine heatwaves)\r mass mortality events, 215-216\r observed and projected changes, 16, 17, 51, 382, \r 392-393, 392, 415-418, 1091\r population exposed to, 17\r tipping points and, 382\r Helminth worms, 200, 231\r Himalayas/Hindu Kush, 983-984, 983, 1219, 1462, \r 1485-1486, 1485, 1488, 1489-1490, 2280\r HIV, 1371, 1375\r Housing, 934\r Human capital, 1234-1235, 1387\r Human Development Index (HDI), 2671, 2722\r planetary pressures (PPAHDI), 2672, 2722\r Human health. See Health and well-being\r Human migration. See Migration\r Human population, 157\r in cities, 17, 34, 53, 65, 80, 909, 912, 914, 916-917\r [...]"


id: 6536d9fb404a8d613704315bbe76dd59
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15077
content:
"[...] growth of, 65, 72-73, 2421, 2659, 2673\r in vulnerable locations, 52, 76, 80, 1174, 2657\r See also specific regions"


id: ebc4782130792016a49ef39cb2fbb5e5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38846
content:
"heatwaves and, 1046, 1091\r Indigenous Peoples, 53, 1053, 1054-1058\r infectious diseases, 291-295, 462-463, 1063\r injuries, 1074-1075\r key risks, 2455, 2461-2462, 2503\r malnutrition*, 11, 51, 60-61, 1045, 1046, 1062, \r 1075, 1097\r maternal, foetal and neonatal health, 1075, 1097\r mental health (See Mental health)\r migration and, 1044-1048, 1079-1086, \r 1080-1083, 1128\r natural system health and, 282-283\r nutrition, 1097-1098\r observed impacts, 12, 13, 46, 50-52, 1044, 1045, \r 1059-1079\r occupational health, 1063, 1074, 1091-1092\r ozone and, 52, 1090, 1095-1096\r projected outcomes, 58, 1371\r projected risks, 17, 18-20, 58, 63-64, 1046, 1089, \r 1090, 1091-1092, 1371\r public health, 63, 269-270, 294-295\r risks, 1059, 1063, 1090\r rural areas, 1053\r SDGs, 1121-1122, 2730\r seafood safety, 481, 764, 765, 789\r social determinants, 1371-1372\r solutions, 1046-1047, 1128-1129\r urban areas, 13, 1050, 1053\r vector-borne diseases, 1062-1064, 1092-1095, \r 1093\r vulnerability, 50, 63, 1046, 1050-1051\r [...]"


id: 3f1fc454ff64374259fcd6438db8a283
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8294
content:
"[...] water and, 558, 1058-1059\r water quality and, 481, 582, 586-587\r Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WaSH), 596-597, \r 616, 622\r waterborne diseases, 1064, 1065, 1095\r See also Diseases; Mental health; Well-being\r Health adaptation, 95-96, 1044, 1090, 1102-1119, \r 1104, 1128-1129\r adaptation deficit, 1103\r adaptation gaps, 1050\r adaptation limits, 85, 2415, 2449\r adaptive capacity, 95, 1050, 1104\r air pollution, 1109-1110, 1110\r climate resilient development and, 1044-1047, \r 1119-1123, 1120\r co-benefits, 1048, 1124-1125, 2657\r current state of, 1105, 1105\r disaster risk reduction, 1113-1114\r diseases, 1107-1108, 1107\r early warning systems, 1113\r enabling conditions, 1115-1116\r equity and, 1047\r FAQs, 1128-1129\r feasibility and effectiveness, 1106-1107, 2770, \r 2782-2783\r financing for, 95, 96, 1115\r food security and nutrition, 1110-1112, 1111\r future health systems, 1121\r governance and, 1114\r health emergency and disaster management, 1114\r health engagement scores, 1105\r [...]"


id: 56250bb6e672b4e0387efe438fa93ef4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 12431
content:
"rights-based approaches, 31, 101\r Human security*, 2673\r key risks, 2503\r Human systems*\r adaptation-related responses, 2431-2437\r climate change and, 8, 11-13, 12, 42\r human agency, role of, 2444\r impacts of climate and weather on, 2430\r irreversible impacts, 11, 57\r observed impacts, 12\r rebalancing, 99\r soft adaptation limits, 28, 84, 2444\r Human vulnerability, 14-22, 52-53, 65, 76-78\r See also Vulnerability\r Humanitarian crises, 13, 65\r Hunger, 717\r FAQ, 837-838\r SDG, 798\r Hurricanes\r Caribbean Region, 2071\r Central and South America, 1699\r Florence (2018), 1952-1953\r Harvey (2017), 589, 591, 1952-1953\r Irma (2017), 1084, 1182-1183\r Maria (2017), 1084, 1182-1183\r migration and, 52\r Newton (2016), 1962\r North America, 1936, 1952-1953, 1962\r Patricia (2015), 1962\r Sandy (2012), 1086, 2182\r Small Islands, 2071\r See also Tropical cyclones\r Hydrological cycle*, 49, 50, 74, 210, 565-596, 565\r climatic and non-climatic drivers, 564-565\r extreme events, 565, 622\r [...]"


id: 4db3880a8186611164215dd8103b32d1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 10945
content:
"[...] human alteration of, 565-567\r intensification of, 584\r models, 573, 596\r observed changes, 49, 210, 555, 565-584, \r 566-567\r observed sectoral impacts, 50, 555, 584-596\r projected changes, 61, 62, 596-612\r records and evidence, 565\r See also Droughts; Floods; Precipitation; Water\r Hydrological droughts*, 578-579\r Hydroponics, 787\r Hydropower, 50, 279, 555, 585-586, 614-615, 625, \r 2283\r adaptation in, 27, 647\r Africa, 1348-1349, 1367, 1370-1371\r Central and South America, 1701, 1708, 1710, 1718\r Europe, 556\r maladaption, 21, 68\r projected impacts, 16, 62\r river regulation for, 807\r Hypoxia*, 401, 406-407\r ocean and coastal systems, 401, 406-407\r oxygen minimum zones, 401, 426-427, 1937, \r 1938-1939, 1951\r tolerance, 401\r See also Eutrophication"


id: 892b3522fb2973fff4a2f02175b36b22
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 21299
content:
"of cryosphere, 572\r cultural heritage, 65, 383, 1943\r cultural uses of water, 565, 572, 594-596, \r 595-596, 636, 2464\r definition of, 157\r disproportionate impacts, 555, 564\r duty of care, 1943\r fish consumption, 765\r food safety, 49\r future risks, 1219\r gender inequalities, 1055\r health and well-being, 51, 53, 1053, 1054-1058\r holistic perspective of, 1942, 1943-1944\r indigenous foods, 1057\r land tenure rights, 107\r land use and, 809\r leadership positions for, 97, 1943-1944\r livelihoods, 1219, 1224\r maladaptation effects, 85-86\r marine-dependent communities, 383\r in North America, 1931, 1942-1945, 1943-1944, \r 1949, 1986\r nutrition/malnutrition, 51, 60\r observed impacts, 1054-1055\r oral histories, 2714-2715\r projected risks, 62-63, 1055-1056\r relocation of, 52, 1086\r responsibility-based thinking, 1943-1944\r rights of, 23, 107, 157-158, 810, 819, 1585, 1630, \r 1945, 2707\r sea level rise and, 806-809\r self-determination, 1932-1933, 1945, 2342-\r 2344, 2353-2354\r [...]"


id: ac95efa0b6b108179617eee959c820e8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27607
content:
"[...] UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous \r Peoples, 157-158, 1585, 1630, 2707\r vulnerability, 49, 53, 65\r vulnerability/risk, 1052\r water-related adaptation, 633-634, 636\r worldviews, 2713\r ndonesia\r adaptation finance, 1248\r City of Semarang, 984-985\r ndustrial systems, 2693, 2699, 2736\r nequality*, 52, 65, 1174, 1178-1180, 1217, 2657\r adaptation decision making and, 1253\r addressing, 30, 31, 34, 91, 96, 818, 973-974, 1229\r constraining climate resilient development, 2657\r COVID-19 and, 1175, 1188\r disproportionate impacts, 555, 564, 587, 909, \r 928-930\r equity weighting, 2733\r FAQs, 1251, 1253\r gender, 96-97, 1174, 2700-2704\r of impacts, 909\r income inequality, 2461, 2468\r livelihoods and, 1217-1218, 1224\r maladaptation and, 85-86\r near-term adaptation and, 96\r potential worsening by climate actions, 2657\r poverty and, 96, 1251\r scenarios (SSPs), 65, 96, 1174, 1213-1214, \r 2673-2675, 2674\r structural, 1191-1192"


id: f690c61545d41924c9846f96f5a24121
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40750
content:
"India\r agriculture, 806\r Bhojtal Lake, 300-301\r Cyclone Amphan (2020), 588-589, 590\r Ganges river, 593\r Himalayas/Hindu Kush, 983-984, 983\r Sundarbans, 462, 611, 1480\r See also Asia\r Indian Ocean, 1333, 1481\r coral reefs and fisheries, 1479\r dangerous climate conditions, 55\r tsunami (2004), 2071, 2076\r Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), 1329, 1591\r INDIG (Cross-Chapter Box), 2713-2715\r Indigenous knowledge (IK)*, 108-109, 126, \r 150-158, 492, 1650, 2593, 2657\r adaptation and, 107, 204, 557, 640, 657-658, \r 722, 945, 1056-1058\r adaptation planning, 919, 2714\r Africa, 1293, 1313, 1330-1332\r Asia, 1463, 1525-1526, 1535-1536\r case studies, 2715-2716\r in Central and South America, 1692, 1693, 1705, \r 1733-1734, 1749, 1770\r climate resilient development and, 35, 108-109, \r 2657\r co-production of knowledge, 1942\r Cross-Chapter Box (INDIG), 2713-2715\r definition/description of, 2713\r drought resilience, 578-579\r enabling transformations, 982\r examples, 2715-2716\r food systems, 818-820\r [...]"


id: e58c9cd50984781d390ddce7172c92c8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37696
content:
"[...] forestry, 755-756\r free and prior-informed consent, 2714\r incorporating, 34, 41, 107, 108-109, 818-820\r Karuk Climate Adaptation Plan, 755-756\r livelihood transitions and, 1175\r mariculture, 782\r oral histories, 2714-2715\r polar regions, 2343-2344\r small islands, 2050, 2067, 2068, 2077, 2091, 2092\r urban planning, 982\r vulnerability reduction, 53\r water-related, 564, 657-658\r Indigenous Peoples*, 1054\r adaptation, 157-158, 486, 1056-1058, 1585, \r 1629-1632, 1631, 1642, 1650, 1652, \r 1704-1705, 1733-1734, 1749, 1770\r agriculture expansion and, 809\r Amazon region, 1221\r Arctic region, 2321, 2322, 2323, 2325, 2352\r Asia, 1525-1526\r Australasia, 1585, 1586, 1602, 1629-1632, \r 1630-1631, 1650\r cascading impacts, 69\r case studies, 1056-1058\r Central and South America, 1692, 1695, 1704, \r 1705, 1716, 1770\r climate change and, 806-809, 1942-1945\r common experience of, 1054\r Convention on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, 157\r Cross-Chapter Box (INDIG), 2713-2715"


id: bacca3b86644195784dadd7fef24882d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 30078
content:
" cover, 211-214, 213\r  sheets*, 21, 70, 2500\r Greenland and Antarctic, 130, 2500\r sea level rise and, 27\r NESS (Cross-Chapter Box), 291-295\r pact assessment*, 44, 149-150, 1049-1050\r methodologies, 725-727, 726\r regional assessment, 158\r pacts*, 125, 2430\r about, 10, 44\r about: reference periods and years, 10, 44\r about: summary, 10-22, 44-55\r biological responses not sufficient for, 45\r cascading*, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83\r cascading, 724, 724, 909, 916\r climate change and, 11-13\r climatic impact drivers (CIDs), 391, 397-409, 794\r compound, 20-21, 82-83\r compound events, 909, 935-936, 2071-2072\r cumulative, 2071-2072\r definition of, 2505\r detection and attribution of, 125-126, 2422, 2505\r development status and, 2661\r disproportionate (See Disproportionate impacts)\r distribution of, 147\r escalating, with degree of warming, 16, 22, 55-56, \r 57, 67\r evidence of, 31, 129\r global aggregate, 17, 18\r global aggregate (RFC4), 2417, 2486, 2492-2494, \r 2501\r inequalities in, 909\r [...]"


id: e429151e40ac4a2107aa23951191e21f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37445
content:
"[...] interconnections, 8, 42\r irreversible, 21-22, 48, 57, 69\r multidimensionality of, 383\r on natural and human systems, 2430\r non-climate factors and, 386\r observed, 10-22, 44-55\r overshoot scenarios, 21-22, 57, 69\r past climate (paleo), 150, 154-157\r projections, 10-22, 55-70\r residual, 1180\r societal, 1174, 1176, 1194\r temperature pathways and, 16\r transboundary, 21, 83\r unavoidable, 26, 110\r vs. responses, 2431, 2441, 2505\r See also Observed impacts; Projections; specific \r systems and regions\r entives, 2707\r lusion\r in adaptation, 909, 911, 1821, 1892, 2659\r in adaptation implementation, 31, 86, 112\r in decision making, 23, 31, 86, 101\r in governance, 30, 31, 35, 112, 383, 996\r See also Social inclusion\r ome inequality, 2461, 2468, 2657\r remental adaptation*, 22, 71, 2558-2562\r insufficiency of, 71, 1044\r urban areas, 963\r vs. transformational adaptation, 2558"


id: ea6aa56b0334066d4ca55d9034a9582
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38603
content:
"freshwater, 223-285\r Investments. See Finance\r IPCC Assessment Reports\r Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), 40-43, 130-132\r Sixth Assessment Report (AR6; this report), 40-44, \r 123-198\r attribution in, 151-154\r certainty and uncertainty treatment in, 159-160, \r 159\r common climate dimensions, 139\r new information and emphasis, 132-133\r risk assessment in, 148-149, 149-158\r Special Report on Climate Change and Land \r (SRCCL), 40, 131, 720, 913-914, 1240\r Special Report on Extreme Events and Disasters \r (SREX), 173-174\r Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5degC \r (SR1.5), 40, 559, 720, 913, 1182, 2444\r Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a \r Changing Climate (SROCC), 40, 130-131, \r 386-389, 720, 913\r urgency of current moment, 128-133, 146\r See also Sixth Assessment Report (AR6)\r IPCC Working Groups, 123, 131, 176\r Working Group II, 40, 123, 176, 178\r Iran, sand and dust storms, 1478\r Irreversible changes. See Tipping points\r Irrigation, 23, 556, 564, 584, 613-614, 1304\r [...]"


id: 2c69bd3a82926bba9e2a20ba7af19271
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 5079
content:
"[...] evaporative losses, 654\r groundwater and, 579\r land use for, 613\r maladaptation, 806, 807\r solar pumps for, 653, 1240\r water-saving technologies, 626\r Islands. See Small Islands"


id: 633fbb01dc25a6d22bdd3a776a307d14
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14753
content:
"diversification of, 624-625, 807, 808, 2779\r extreme events and, 1209\r FAQs, 1252, 1399\r fisheries, 717, 760\r future risks, 67, 1218-1220\r future vulnerabilities, 1213-1227\r green jobs, 1460\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge and, \r 1175, 1209\r informal employment, 1387-1388\r interactions with poverty, inequality, and climate \r change, 1174-1175\r key risks, 1178\r livelihood resources, 1179\r livestock-related, 1243\r loss, conflict and, 53\r loss, mental health and, 51\r losses and damages, 1205, 1208-1211, \r 1249-1250\r maladaptation and, 1204-1205\r mountain areas, 2283, 2284, 2285, 2286-2288, \r 2292-2294, 2294, 2302\r multi-hazard risks, 1178\r observed impacts, 45, 48, 54, 1177-1187, 1179, \r 1200-1201\r ocean and coastal systems, 382, 456, 469-471\r ocean-related, 469-471\r projected risks, 57, 67, 1216-1227\r SDGs, 2731\r shifts in (See Livelihood transitions)\r social tipping points, 1174, 1176\r vulnerabilities, 1175, 1204-1205, 1213-1227\r See also Agriculture; Pastoralism\r [...]"


id: 82a3b1ca076fa0da3191d0e1fda52ab2
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20114
content:
"[...] Livelihood transitions, 1174, 1175, 1181-1182, \r 1204-1205\r climate change and, 1208-1211\r crop failures and, 1209\r inequalities and, 1217-1218\r migration and, 1181-1182, 1249\r proactive, 1216-1217\r Small Islands, 1211\r vulnerability and, 1204-1205\r on Yap, 1185-1186\r Livestock, 49, 57, 746-753\r adaptation, 751-753, 752\r adaptation: andean pastoralists, 298\r adaptation feasibility, 2770, 2778-2779\r alternate protein sources, 753\r Asia, 1492, 1493, 1511\r Australasia, 1615-1616\r Central and South America, 1697, 1699, 1718, \r 1737-1739\r climate resilient development (CRD), 1243\r climate variability and, 751\r diseases, 747, 750-751, 1354\r diversification, 722, 747\r droughts and, 585\r gender and inequities, 748\r grazing/rangelands, 717, 748-749, 749, 820\r heat stress, 717-718, 747, 750, 768, 1354, 1355\r Indigenous knowledge/local knowledge and, \r 752-753\r livelihoods, 1243"


id: 9726d4257ef055a592095abc93a7bd65
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 23786
content:
"Lakes, 200, 210, 213, 214\r adaptation (Bhojtal Lake, India), 300-301\r browning, 200, 243\r dissolved oxygen, 200, 210, 214, 243, 278\r droughts and, 200\r eutrophication, 278-279\r fish drying out in, 200\r GHG emissions from, 277\r glacial lakes, 1715\r heatwaves, 200, 1290, 1345, 1345\r lake ice, 200, 213, 214\r nutrient dynamics, 618\r observed changes, 210, 223, 592\r thermal regime, 210\r water temperature, 201, 210, 211\r Land*, 47, 56, 203-204\r biodiversity, percent land area needed to \r maintain, 109, 203-204\r competition for (FAQ), 835-836\r conservation, 26, 109\r crop production and, 717, 802-803, 803-804, \r 835-836\r five challenges, 1240\r land deals, 91, 719, 802-803, 803-804\r land management*, 23-26\r land rights, 719\r large scale land acquisitions (LSLAs), 719, \r 802-803, 803-804\r nexus interactions, 802-811, 2769\r planetary boundaries, 2661\r protected areas, 56, 87, 222, 270-271, 286, 287\r restoration of, 203, 718, 722\r Special Report on Climate Change and Land, 40\r [...]"


id: 67a39a03bb84004b70fe3a0829e2cb4f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15500
content:
"M\r Machine learning, 655\r Madagascar: baobab tree, 270-271, 760\r Mainstreaming, 1245-1246\r adaptation, 30, 93-94, 167, 909\r equity considerations, 656\r Maize, 584-585, 805, 1956\r Central and South America, 1699-1700, 1708, \r 1710, 1716\r observed changes, 728-729\r projected yields, 736-737, 1352, 1492, 1848\r Maladaption (maladaptative actions)*, 21, 68, \r 85-86, 167-168, 313-314, 806, 807-808, \r 2437-2440\r about: summaries, 21, 29, 68, 85-86\r avoiding, 29, 34, 86, 98, 107, 111, 809\r bioeconomies, 313\r categories of, 1222\r continuum of actions, 2600-2602, 2603\r definition of, 2600-2601\r examples, 29, 68, 807-809\r human migration, 633\r indicators of, 815\r key risks and, 2436-2437, 2437-2440\r livelihoods and, 1204-1205\r lock-in, 29, 34, 85, 86\r observed, 85-86, 2436-2437, 2437-2440\r poor populations, impacts, 1189, 1220-1222\r potential for, 68, 2543-2544\r rebound vulnerability, 806\r reducing, 86, 107, 1175\r risks of, 313-314\r by sectors, 2437-2440\r short-term gains and, 29\r [...]"


id: 49916d41185d93ec77ccdde0934b01b6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 10171
content:
"[...] sustainable development and, 1174\r water-related, 557, 627-628, 638-643\r Malaria, 1060, 1062, 1062, 1372-1373, 2427\r Africa, 64, 1371, 1372-1373, 1383\r Asia, 1507-1508, 1509\r Central and South America, 64, 1699, 1702, 1702, \r 1705\r ENSO and, 1373, 1702\r Europe, 1862\r future risks, 64, 2462\r observed changes, 292-293, 1063, 2427\r prevention, 1383, 1384\r projections, 58, 64, 261, 1089, 1090, 1093\r regional occurrence, 64, 292-293\r Maldives Islands, 2071-2072, 2076\r Malmo, Sweden, 1883\r Malnutrition*, 11, 48, 51, 798, 1045, 1046, 1062\r adaptation options, 1110-1112, 1111\r observed impacts, 11, 48, 51, 1075\r projected impacts, 60-61, 717, 1089, 1097-1098\r Managed retreat, 633-634, 1117-1118\r Mangroves, 305, 421-424, 422, 423, 464-465, 2692\r adaptation, 305, 310, 485, 2149\r Asia, 1480, 1482, 1483, 1516\r Australasia, 1602, 1604\r benefits and trade-offs, 308\r carbon sequestration, 56, 459, 464"


id: aecb4e24ffe213c36a7158a13ff5ed4d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27999
content:
"Central and South America, 1691, 1710, 1713, \r 1729-1730\r observed impacts, 388\r protection services, 56, 463\r range shift, 2136\r sea level rise and, 265\r Sundarbans, 462, 611, 1480, 1516\r Marginalised people, 26, 29, 31, 33, 50, 52, \r 76, 101, 717, 1052, 1053, 1174-1175, \r 1198-1199, 1249, 2657\r empowerment of, 27, 97\r participation of, 30, 31, 96\r partnerships with, 31, 34\r Marine birds and mammals, 439, 443-445\r Marine ecosystems. See Ocean and coastal \r ecosystems\r Marine ecotourism, 480-481\r Marine fisheries. See Fisheries\r Marine heatwaves*, 381, 391, 392-393, 392, \r 415-418, 435, 2560-2562\r Asia, 1483, 1491\r attribution to climate change, 215\r Australasia, 1583, 1584, 1589, 1590, 1602, \r 1603-1605\r coral reefs and, 416, 442-444, 1951, 2560-2562\r ecosystem shifts and mortality, 442-444\r FAQ, 416-417\r key risk, 2457\r New Zealand, 1583\r projections for, 393, 427\r tipping points and, 382, 445\r Marine mammals, 439, 441\r Marine protected areas (MPAs), 383, 475, 481-483\r Africa, 1342\r [...]"


id: 5d53a8db4ec692180ec3821fc9f98600
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13707
content:
"[...] Central and South America, 1730\r Europe, 1826, 1838, 1842-1843, 1842, 1872\r FAQ, 486-487\r Great Barrier Reef, 1584, 1602, 1605-1607\r Mass mortality events, 45, 47-48, 200, 215-217, \r 275-276, 1595\r corals, 1602, 1604, 1605, 1606, 1648\r projections, 22, 55\r temperature overshoot and, 22\r Medicinal plants, 757, 758, 759, 2283-2285\r Mediterranean Region, 2233-2272\r about, 2235-2237, 2238\r adaptation, 2236, 2247-2252, 2251\r adaptation limits, 2250\r adaptive capacity, 2236\r agriculture, 2242, 2246-2247, 2246, 2249\r aridity and desertification, 2245\r bioclimatic regions, 2241\r biodiversity, 2145, 2235, 2245\r biodiversity hotspots, 2241\r climate change, 2237-2240, 2242, 2253-2254\r co-production of knowledge, 2236, 2244\r coastal settlements, 2235, 2239, 2243\r coastal systems, 2245\r cooperation and sharing, 2236, 2244\r cultural richness/heritage, 2235, 2237, 2247, 2248\r detection and attribution, 2240, 2242\r diversity within, 2236, 2237\r droughts, 2237-2238, 2246"


id: d11df62f576f78ddb2bd55f624a766c1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34142
content:
"mixed systems, 783, 785\r North America, 1956, 1958-1959, 1960\r observed impacts, 746-748\r projected impacts, 613, 748-751\r temperature and, 747, 749-750, 750\r vulnerabilities and risks, 614, 747-748, 770\r water needs, 747, 748, 751\r See also Pastoralism\r Livestock keepers, 748, 795\r Living standards, 2455, 2459-2461, 2460, 2503\r Lobsters, 1947, 1951\r Local knowledge (LK), 41, 108-109, 126, 150-158, \r 492\r adaptation and, 657-658, 722, 945\r Africa, 1293, 1313, 1330-1332, 1393, 1396-\r 1398, 1402\r Asia, 1463, 1525-1526, 1535-1536\r Central and South America, 1692, 1693, 1705, \r 1733-1734, 1749, 1770\r climate resilient development (CRD) and, \r 108-109, 2657\r Europe, 1884-1885\r mountain regions, 2289, 2298\r polar regions, 2322, 2345\r Small Islands, 2050, 2067, 2068, 2077, 2091\r urban planning, 982\r See also Indigenous knowledge (IK)\r Lock-in, 29, 34, 85, 86\r Locusts, 795\r Loss and Damage (L&D)*, 11, 13, 66-67, 172-173, \r 650-652, 651, 1180-1181, 1249-1250\r about, 2563-2565\r [...]"


id: f7f7c89e4b803aa7017733984dc8fe2a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40998
content:
"[...] climate extremes and, 1174\r coastal areas, 17\r Cross-Chapter Box (LOSS), 2563-2565\r decision making and, 2544\r disproportionate distribution of, 28, 67\r disproportionate impacts, 1205-1208\r economic losses, 54-55, 66-67, 68, 1176\r extreme weather events and, 47\r flood-related, 16, 62\r gender and, 1218\r global aggregate, 17\r interconnections, 41\r livelihoods and, 1208-1211, 1249-1250\r measuring, 1205\r non-adaptation, losses due to, 652-653\r non-economic (NELD), 1176, 1207-1208, \r 1210-1211, 1240-1250\r observed, 13, 45, 47, 54-55, 1203-1204\r poor and vulnerable populations, 1174, 1205\r projected, 17, 66-67\r in risk management, 2544\r systemic and cascading, 909\r unavoidable, 28\r UNFCCC and, 2073\r vulnerability assessment, 1193-1194, 1218, 1226\r Low regrets policies and actions, 33, 94, 98, \r 652-653\r Lyme disease, 51, 64, 261, 1045, 1063-1064, 1090, \r 1094, 1862, 1969, 2427"


id: b386a9028b61ea17f8bc4184f7b6b24b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28827
content:
"economic vulnerability, 2242-2243\r ecosystems, 2235-2236, 2237\r equity issues, 2236, 2250\r FAQs, 2253-2256\r finance, 2250-2252\r fires, 239, 245, 2235, 2237\r fires, adaptation, 2249\r fisheries, 2242-2243, 2244-2245, 2246-2247, \r 2252\r flooding, 2235, 2245\r food systems, 2243, 2245-2247, 2246, 2249\r forests, 2235, 2243, 2245, 2249\r governance, 2250-2252\r groundwater, 2245, 2246\r habitat changes, 2235\r hazards, 2235\r heat-related deaths, 2247\r heatwaves, 2235, 2243, 2249\r heatwaves: marine, 2237, 2245\r history and sites, 2235, 2237, 2247, 2248\r human health, 59, 2243, 2247, 2249, 2250\r human mobility, 2243-2244, 2256\r human population, 2235, 2237, 2239, 2243, 2248\r human systems, 2236\r infrastructure, 2243\r inland systems, 2245\r land ecosystems, 2237\r livelihoods, 2243\r marine ecosystems, 2237\r mass mortality events, 2245\r Mediterranean Basin, 2237-2240, 2238\r migration and conflict, 2243-2244, 2256\r Natura 2000 protected area, 2235, 2245\r observed climate change, 2237-2240, 2242\r [...]"


id: d92346cbe28c20bd7c1325f6e5b87d35
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35496
content:
"[...] observed impacts, 2235, 2237-2240, 2242\r ocean acidity, 2235, 2239\r ocean systems, 2244-2245\r precipitation, 2235, 2237, 2239\r precipitation extremes, 2237\r primary productions, 2244-2245\r projected changes, 2235, 2237-2240, 2239, 2240\r projected climate change, 2237-2240, 2239, 2240\r projected climate risks, 2244-2247\r regional statistics, 2240\r resilience, 2236\r risks, 2235, 2247\r risks: interconnected, 2235\r risks: key risks, 2247, 2248, 2254\r risks: projected, 2244-2247\r salinisation, 2246\r sea level rise, 2235, 2239, 2240, 2243, 2244, 2245\r sea level rise: adaptation, 2247, 2255-2256\r sea level rise and, 59\r seawater intrusion, 2246\r social and human vulnerability, 2243-2244\r storms and tides, 2244, 2245\r sustainable development, 2236, 2250, 2252, 2253\r temperature, 2235, 2237, 2239, 2240\r temperature: sea surface, 2235, 2237-2238\r temperature extremes, 2240, 2247\r temperature level, current, 2235, 2240\r tides, 2244, 2245, 2255\r topography and bathymetry, 2238\r [...]"


id: c8cb40d0a47510d8340b67ea62075791
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32650
content:
"[...] tourism, 2235, 2237, 2242, 2243\r vulnerability, 2242-2244, 2250\r water availability, 2235\r water management, 2249\r water quality, 59\r water resources, 2235, 2242, 2245-2247\r water scarcity, 2237, 2242\r World Heritage Sites, 2235, 2248\r See also Europe; Small islands\r Mediterranean Sea, 427, 2048, 2052, 2056, 2057\r about, 2237, 2238\r acidity, 2235, 2239\r bathymetry, 2238\r biodiversity hotspot, 2145\r governance, 2250-2252\r sea level, 2235, 2239, 2240, 2244, 2245\r sea level: projected, 2255\r Mediterranean-type ecosystems (MTEs), 239, \r 263-264, 269\r fires, 239, 245\r Mega-disturbances, 1946\r Megacities*, 916-917, 1194, 1499, 1503\r arid areas, 2199\r coastal, 2167, 2174, 2175\r Mekong River/delta, 1487, 1489\r Mental health*, 51, 467, 1061, 1076-1079, 1077, \r 1127, 1863\r adaptation options, 1112-1113, 1112, 1127\r anxiety about climate change, 1077-1081\r extreme events and, 48, 51, 1045, 1077, 1098\r grief, 467, 594, 1078, 1971, 2340\r observed impacts, 13, 50, 51, 1044, 1076-1079, \r 1126\r [...]"


id: 39020b0310b7f80124b4551295769109
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 7235
content:
"[...] polar regions, 2340, 2341\r projected impacts, 17\r projected impacts and risk, 1046, 1098-1099, \r 1126\r PTSD, 1076, 1863\r wildfires and, 1076-1078\r Mercury, 583, 1076\r in food chain, 49, 64, 1076, 1098\r methylmercury, 49, 462, 481, 1076\r Mesoamerica, 1695, 1700\r See also Central and South America\r Methane (CH4)*, 48, 275-277, 724\r Methylmercury, 49, 64, 462, 481, 1076\r Metrics*, 168-171\r Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 2661, 2717\r monitoring and evaluation (M&E), 126-127, \r 2607-2608\r multi-metric decision making, 163\r vulnerability assessment, 1194-1195\r well-being, 163\r Mexico. See North America\r Microbes, 231\r Mid-term reference period (2041-2060), 10, 44\r Migration (of humans)*, 13, 17, 52, 64-65, 95, \r 96, 556, 624-625, 1079-1086, 1080-1083, \r 1100-1101\r as adaptation strategy, 476, 633, 930, 1116-\r 1118, 1469-1470, 2076-2077\r adaptative vs. maladaptive, 633, 638-643, 807, \r 2439"


id: 6fda90718f17b4422d78e5d46ea4bd56
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16936
content:
"attitudes towards, 1117\r choice in, 27\r climate change and, 64-65, 1079, 1080, 1084-\r 1085, 1116-1117, 1128, 1181-1182, \r 1469, 2428\r climate resilient development and, 1044\r climate traps, 1183-1184\r climatic drivers, 52\r conflict and, 17, 65, 1087-1088\r conflict resolution through, 1395, 2465\r COVID-19 and, 1469\r Cross-Chapter Box (MIGRATE), 1080-1083\r differentiated vulnerability, 929-930\r drivers of, 1080, 1084-1085, 1100, 1249\r drought and, 52, 64, 578, 593-594\r enabling conditions for, 1182\r extreme events and, 52, 64, 65, 1045, 1084-1085, \r 1100-1101, 1469, 2428\r FAQ, 1128\r feasibility assessment, 2771, 2783-2785\r fires/wildfire, 1085\r floods and, 595\r forced migration, 1128, 1979, 2077\r gender and, 1085, 1470\r Global Compact for (2018), 1124\r health and, 1044-1048, 1079-1086, 1080-1083, \r 1128\r humanitarian crises and, 13, 65\r immobility, 52, 1045, 1081, 1082, 1085-1086, \r 2465\r internal, 52, 1082, 1183-1184, 2428\r international, 52, 1082, 1083-1084, 2076\r [...]"


id: 70391c28ac236e42c760a35bd357693f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16995
content:
"[...] international policies on, 1252-1253\r involuntary, 13, 17, 52, 96, 1045, 1046, 1128, \r 2077, 2465\r key risks, 2455, 2463-2464\r labour markets and, 1116-1117, 2681\r livelihood transitions and, 1181-1182, \r 2076-2077, 2771\r as maladaptive, 633, 638-643, 807, 2439\r managed retreat, 633-634, 1117-1118\r morbidity associated, 1049\r numbers of people displaced, 556, 1045, 1046, \r 1084\r observed impacts, 13, 52, 1079-1086\r outcomes/success, 52\r planned relocation*, 27, 52, 65, 96, 1082, 1086, \r 1117-1118, 2771, 2783-2785\r policy frameworks, 1082-1083, 1122-1123\r positive potentials of, 1395\r poverty and, 1178\r projections, 17, 64-65, 556, 619, 1046, \r 1099-1102, 1100\r refugees, 1183-1184, 1249, 2428\r region-specific changes, 64-65, 1099-1101\r relocation, 52, 96, 633-634\r Representative Key Risk, 2455, 2463-2464\r risk reduction and, 96, 1047\r rural to urban, 930, 1082, 1083, 1350, 1704\r SDGs and, 1044, 1047, 1121\r sea level rise and, 1099-1100, 2465-2466\r [...]"


id: b2bce87b107fc7da55beb46bcce4279
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28686
content:
"ecosystems, 2277-2279, 2281, 2284, 2291, 2294\r ecosystems: ecosystem shifts, 45-46\r endemic species, 2276, 2284\r energy production, 2275, 2279-2280, 2280-2283\r equity and inclusion, 2276, 2297\r extinction, 2276, 2291\r extinction risk, 2133, 2276, 2294-2295\r FAQs, 2300-2304\r floods, 2275-2276, 2285, 2292, 2293\r floods: flash floods, 2275-2276\r food, fibre and products, 2283-2285, 2291\r forests, 2277, 2302\r gender dynamics, 2275, 2276, 2289, 2290, 2293, \r 2297, 2298\r glacier lake outburst floods, 2291\r glaciers, 2275, 2291, 2300\r groundwater, 2280, 2300\r habitability, 2286\r health and well-being, 2276, 2285, 2286, 2295\r human population densities, 2278\r hydropower, 2275, 2283\r ice mass, 2291\r importance of, 2275\r infrastructure, 2285, 2292, 2293\r intangible losses, 2295\r irreversible and severe losses, 21, 2276\r key risks, 2276, 2292-2295\r key risks: adaptation, 2295, 2296\r knowledge gaps, 2297, 2298, 2299-2300\r knowledge systems, 2276, 2289, 2298\r [...]"


id: d53f41889b82adb03004b7c0dc19209e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34842
content:
"[...] landslides, 2275-2276, 2285, 2292, 2293\r livelihoods, 2275, 2276, 2283, 2284, 2285, \r 2286-2288, 2292-2294, 2294, 2302\r livestock, 2275, 2284\r local knowledge, 2289, 2298\r losses and damages, 2276\r medicinal plants, 2283-2285\r migration, 2286, 2289\r mountain-top species, 45, 2277, 2302\r natural hazards and disasters, 2275-2276, 2284, \r 2285-2289, 2292, 2293, 2301\r non-native species, 2277, 2279\r observed impacts, 2275-2276, 2277-2291, \r 2286-2288\r observed impacts: attribution, 2275, 2288-2289, \r 2290\r pastoralism, 2275, 2287\r permafrost, 2275, 2280, 2292\r phenology, 2275, 2283-2285, 2291, 2294\r pollination, 2275, 2284\r poverty, 2275, 2276, 2284, 2286\r power imbalances, 2275, 2280\r precipitation, 2275\r projected impacts and risks, 2276, 2291-2295\r regional cooperation, 2276, 2304\r regional variation, 2276\r risk (key risks), 2276, 2292-2295\r risk perception, 2276, 2288, 2290, 2301\r risk reduction, 2276, 2288, 2295, 2296\r rivers, 2275, 2280, 2291-2292, 2300\r snow cover, 2275, 2302\r [...]"


id: 9259bbd8b78aedd8c1abab8a266c261e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 22971
content:
"spontaneous, 633\r sudden-onset events and, 1099-1100, 1100\r temperature level and, 17\r temporary, 1082, 1085\r types of, 1082\r urban areas, 929-930\r vulnerability and, 96, 1052\r water resources and, 593-594, 622\r Migration of species. See Range shifts; Species \r distribution\r Migration corridors, 285-287, 286\r Milan, Italy, 1883\r Milk, heat stress and, 717-718, 749\r Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA), 206, \r 2694\r Mining, 586, 1714-1715\r Mitigation (of climate change)*, 105, 2657, \r 2683-2684, 2785-2787\r adaptation and, 24-26, 308-309, 558, 653-654, \r 910, 2687, 2785-2787\r bioeconomy and, 828-831\r climate justice and, 1175\r climate-resilient pathways and, 105, 2660, \r 2683-2687, 2686\r co-benefits, 308-309, 910, 960-961, 1123\r constraints, 2658\r delay/inaction, risks of, 1585, 1586, 1587\r developing and transitional economies, 2658\r emissions reductions, 2685\r FAQ, 995\r linkages, 2657-2658, 2687\r maladaptive potential, 313-314\r near-term, 15, 16\r ocean and coastal systems, 383\r [...]"


id: f7a315f853ada6167f230f1a29cc65e8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40939
content:
"[...] regional implications, 2686\r synergies and trade-offs, 24-26, 108, 308-309, \r 910, 2785-2787\r time horizons for, 2666\r triple-wins, 1240, 1528\r urgent need for, 55\r water footprint of options, 557\r water security and, 558-559\r See also Adaptation; Adaptation and mitigation \r inter-relationships\r Mobility. See Migration (of humans)\r Models*, 44, 725-727, 726\r See also Climate models\r Molluscs, 407, 462, 1480-1481\r extinction risk, 257\r Monetary policy, 2718\r Monitoring and evaluation (M&E)*, 30, 126-127, \r 167, 168-171, 2605-2614, 2620\r adaptation process, 30, 2607-2608, 2608\r Cross-Chapter Box (PROGRESS), 2610-2613\r decision making and, 2544, 2547, 2605-2614, \r 2610-2613, 2620\r and learning (MEL), 161, 1114, 2613-2614\r metrics, 126-127, 2607-2608\r national adaptation M&Es, 2608-2609, 2610\r purpose of, 2605-2607\r system transitions and, 2709-2711\r urban adaptation, 980-981"


id: 9b145d444ff5c84c5eb7273f2cd44e79
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 24537
content:
"Monsoons*\r Africa, 1325-1326\r Asia, 1459, 1463, 1466\r South American Monsoon (SAM) region, 1695, \r 1706-1709, 1724-1726\r Mortality, 50-51, 57, 58, 63-64\r climate change and, 1089, 1090\r climate-related, 50-51, 63-64\r cold-related, 1061, 1072-1074\r compound risks, 67-68\r extreme weather events and, 1174\r heat-related, 17, 57, 63-64, 946, 1072-1074, \r 1371, 1375-1377, 1378, 2426, 2461, 2490\r heat-related: adaptation options, 1108-1109, 1109\r heat-related: map of, 80\r heat-related: projections, 58, 63, 1089, 1090, 2678\r per hazard event, 77\r regional variations, 1174\r vulnerability and, 1197\r Mosquito-borne diseases, 51, 261, 1063-1064, \r 1092-1094, 1093, 1373, 1507-1508, 1509, \r 1969-1970, 2427\r See also Dengue fever; Malaria\r Mosquitoes, 231, 232, 261, 1092-1094, 1093, 1373\r Aedes, 231, 232, 261, 1063, 1093, 1094, 1373, \r 1702, 1712, 1862, 2427\r Anopheles, 232, 1093, 1862, 2427\r Culex, 232, 2427\r Mountains*, 2273-2318\r about, 2275-2277, 2284\r about: delineation of regions, 2278\r [...]"


id: 442d5a86b38d4a26d5c60be55506effd
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 9230
content:
"[...] adaptation, 2276, 2277-2291, 2284, 2286-2288, \r 2295-2298, 2303\r adaptation feasibility, 2303\r adaptation, incremental, 2276, 2295\r adaptation limits, 84-85, 2276, 2289-2290\r adaptation NAPAs, 2298\r adaptation pledges and NDCs, 2298\r adaptation priorities, 2298\r adaptation, solution space, 2296-2297\r adaptation synergies, 2288\r adaptation, synthesis of, 2289-2291, 2295, 2296\r adaptation, urgent need for, 2276\r agriculture, 2275, 2276, 2284, 2287\r assessment limitations, 2298, 2299-2300\r avalanches, 2285\r biodiversity, 2276, 2279, 2283\r carbon sequestration, 2283, 2284\r cascading risks, 21\r cities and settlements, 2285\r climate change impacts, 2275, 2284, 2302\r climate resilient development (CRD), 2276, \r 2297-2298\r cryosphere, 2275, 2276, 2277, 2291\r cultural losses, 2295\r cultural values and identity, 2276, 2295, 2298\r dams, 2283\r decision-making, inclusive, 2276, 2290, 2298\r detection and attribution, 2275, 2288-2289, 2290\r downstream effects, 2276, 2280, 2301\r droughts, 2275\r [...]"


id: c7e7c83dc2595f35a26f1a7b00894bb9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32479
content:
"about, 283-284, 303-304\r agriculture, 1496-1497, 1496\r agro-ecological farming, 306-307, 309\r cities/urban areas, 81, 305-306, 909, 948-952, 995\r Cross-Chapter Box (NATURAL), 303-309\r effectiveness and feasibility, 383, 482\r FAQ, 310-312, 486-487\r livelihoods and, 829\r ocean and coastal ecosystems, 383, 388, 472, \r 474-475, 475, 492\r poverty reduction and, 1175\r sustainable development goals and, 487\r temperature regulation, 948-949\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 283-284, \r 303-309, 310-312\r as vulnerable to climate change, 87, 203\r water-related adaptation, 632\r Near-term period (2021-2040), 10, 44\r projections and risks, 15, 55, 69\r NELD (non-economic loss and damage), \r 1207-1208, 1210-1211\r Nepal\r Himalayas/Hindu Kush, 983-984, 983\r landslides, 1208\r vector-borne diseases, 200, 232\r water resources, 1489, 1490\r Net primary production (NPP)*. See Primary \r production\r Net zero CO2 emissions*, 1121-1122, 2658\r New Urban Agenda*, 40, 93-94, 911, 912, 920\r [...]"


id: 88441a0ccde815975c691fa0bfd8c51d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 21132
content:
"[...] New Zealand. See Australasia\r Nexuses, 910\r climate change and poverty, 1190\r climate-security nexus, 1190\r food systems, 802-811\r health-climate change nexus, 1380-1381\r interconnections, 41, 910\r water-energy-food (WEF) nexus, 655, 811, 1246, \r 1347, 1530-1531, 2769\r Nitrous oxide, 275-276\r Non-climatic drivers*, 66, 68, 108, 386, 391\r Non-communicable diseases (NCDs)*, 52, 64, \r 1045, 1046, 1071-1072\r Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), 34, 40, \r 110, 909\r Nonlinearities, 17, 66, 2253, 2687\r North America, 1929-2042\r about, 1931-1935\r about: regions and subregions, 1935\r adaptation, 1931, 1932-1933, 1934, 1989-1995, \r 1992-1993, 1998-1999\r adaptation barriers, 1991\r adaptation, co-benefits with mitigation, 1985\r adaptation, conflicting interests and, 1931\r adaptation, decision making, 1933\r adaptation, effectiveness of, 1932, 1991-1993, \r 1998-1999\r adaptation, equity and justice in, 1933, \r 1994-1995, 1995\r adaptation, governments and, 1989-1990\r [...]"


id: 86fd493a6ddbefa81c7723d313965f18
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20912
content:
"[...] adaptation, historical evidence and, 1986-1988\r adaptation implementation, 1932, 1933, 1991, \r 1998-1999"


id: 30686ed7ff9670c34ea58c0ae8179d61
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 5772
content:
"adaptation inaction, risks of, 1982\r adaptation, Indigenous peoples/knowledge and, \r 1932-1933, 1943-1944, 1949, 1955, \r 1986, 1999\r adaptation, Joshua trees, 299\r adaptation limits, 1947, 1991-1993, 1998-1999, \r 2449\r adaptation, nature-based solutions, 1996-1998\r adaptation, prioritising, 1985\r adaptation, private sector, 1990-1991\r adaptation, proactive, 1959\r adaptation, SDGs and, 1959\r adaptation, solution space, 1991-1997\r adaptation, to sea level rise, 1964-1967\r adaptation, transformational, 1933, 1993-1995, \r 1994, 1999\r adaptive capacity, 1991\r agriculture, 1931, 1956-1962, 1960, 1974, 1976\r agriculture: adaptation, 1958-1962, 1959, 1997\r agriculture: crop yields, 1931, 1956, 1957\r algal blooms, 1946, 1947, 1951\r alpine development, 2658\r alpine ecosystems, 1946-1947\r aquaculture, 1957-1962, 1958, 1960-1961, 1997\r Arctic region, 1932, 1936, 1938, 1973, 1988\r atmospheric river events, 1953, 1962\r biodiversity, 1939, 1958, 1984, 2137\r carbon storage/cycling, 1946, 1947, 1996\r [...]"


id: b5b850139daa8fa90dc4f20b24a6d063
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 29197
content:
"[...] caribou, 1945\r cascading impacts, 1947, 1962, 1984\r Chagas disease, 1969\r chikungunya, 1969\r cities, 1932, 1962-1967, 1985, 1992, 1997\r cities: sea level rise and, 1962-1964, 1964-1967\r cities: wildfires and, 1962, 1967\r climate, current and future, 1936-1939, 1937\r climate assessments, 1934, 1936\r climate change, observed, 1936-1937, 1937\r climate change, perceptions of, 1931, 1939-1942, \r 1941\r climate refugia, 1946-1947\r climate resilient development in, 2727\r climate variability, past, 1986-1988\r coastal ecosystems, 1932, 1947-1952, 1984\r coastal regions, 1938, 1962-1963\r coastal regions: flooding, 1963-1964, 1964-1967\r Colorado River, 1946, 1955\r construction, 1975, 1976\r coral reefs, 1950, 1971-1973\r cultural losses, 1971\r dams and levees, 1946, 1952-1953\r dengue fever, 1969-1970\r deserts and drylands, 2202, 2203-2204, 2205\r detection and attribution, 1931\r disease, 1968, 1969-1970\r disproportionate impacts, 1942, 1945, 1962\r droughts, 62, 580-581, 1936, 1953, 1954-1955, \r [...]"


id: d8f4f1c8391885a1b8c3906323188a4c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35464
content:
"[...] 1954, 1960, 1984\r economic sector and services, 1932-1933, \r 1973-1976, 1976, 1984\r ecosystem transformations, 1946\r energy, 1974-1975, 1976\r equity and justice, 1933, 1994-1995, 1995"


id: d61a8e40513dd3810f015c68d17f3070
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34986
content:
"terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 1931, 193\r 1945-1947, 1947, 1984\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems: adaptation\r 1946-1947, 1992, 1998\r thresholds, 1985\r tipping points, 1985, 1999\r tourism, 59, 1963, 1971-1973, 1974, 1976, 1992\r trade, 1931-1932, 1977\r transboundary issues, 1954-1955, 1957\r transportation, 1974, 1976, 1993\r tree mortality, 201, 1932, 1946\r tropical cyclones, 1938\r urgency of response, 1931, 1985\r vector-borne diseases, 293, 1968, 1969-1970\r violence, crime and security, 1980-1982\r water availability, 1953, 1992\r water-borne diseases, 293, 1968, 1970\r water diplomacy, 1956\r water management, 1931, 1964-1967\r water quality, 1953, 1954, 1955\r water resources, 1931, 1952-1956, 1954, 1955\r water scarcity, 1955\r water supply, 1931, 1954\r West Nile virus, 51, 1969\r wetlands, 1947\r wildfires, 201, 1948-1950, 1962, 1967, 1969\r wildfires: area burned, 201\r wind/wind storms, 1938, 1962\r See also Arctic region\r Nutrition, 60-61, 64, 67, 717, 723, 792, 798-802, \r [...]"


id: b05b6d79dca3904038cb8413c10ec8a8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28262
content:
"[...] 1097-1098\r adaptation, 23, 798-799, 800, 801, 1047\r adaptation feasibility, 1110\r alternate protein sources, 753\r cascading impacts, 82\r dietary patterns, 799-802, 1097-1098\r effects on children, 1089, 1097\r FAQ, 832-833\r food (crop) quality, 1046\r food security and, 811\r iron, 1509, 1509\r malnutrition*, 60-61, 798, 1045, 1061, 1062, \r 1075, 1097\r micronutrient deficiency, 725, 2463\r nutritional density, 1098\r observed impacts, 48, 1074-1076\r undernutrition, 64, 798, 1045, 1046, 1061\r See also Diet\r O"


id: d613ddf23cfae707921d764da9c66c0
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34979
content:
"food webs, 381, 449-451, 2329-2330\r global ocean, trends and projections, 392-400\r governance and, 383, 389, 467-468, 488-489\r habitat creation, 457, 458\r human dependence on, 385\r human impacts on, 386\r impacts, climate-driven, 381-382\r impacts, escalating, 67\r impacts, non-climatic drivers, 381\r interactive effects, 381-382\r irreversible losses, 57\r light and, 386, 404-406\r macroalgae, 401, 404\r marine birds and mammals, 439, 443-445\r marine heatwaves, 381, 382, 391, 415-418, \r 416-417, 2457\r marine mammals, 439\r mitigation, 383, 475-489\r multiple drivers, responses to, 401-409, 402-403, \r 405\r natural adaptation in, 386\r nature-based solutions (NbS)*, 383, 472, \r 474-475, 475, 492\r nutrients, 381, 382, 397, 401, 404\r observed changes, 11, 410-455\r observed impacts, 72, 388, 391\r overshoot scenarios, temporary, 453\r Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZs)*, 401, 426-427, \r 1937\r phenology, 12, 46, 436-438, 437\r primary production, 401, 404-406, 451-453, 453\r [...]"


id: 7194f6dab02b6d6b1875ace0c2cce4ab
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 17229
content:
"[...] projected changes and impacts, 18-20, 57, 58, \r 382-383, 391, 392-400, 394, 410-455\r recreational activities, 381-382\r renewable energy, 458, 461, 489\r salinity, 382, 391\r sea level and impacts, 391, 393-395, 477-480\r sea surface temperature, 391\r seabirds, 215, 439, 443-445\r seasonal events/timing, 381, 382, 436-438\r solutions and trade-offs, 383-384\r Special Report on (SROCC), 130-131, 386-389\r species richness, 72\r supporting and regulating services, 461-466\r sustainable development goals (SDGs), 383-384, \r 467-468, 489-492, 490, 491, 2728\r temperature, 391, 392-393, 392, 393\r temperature and impacts, 391\r time of emergence, 399-400, 445-446, 448, 449\r tipping points, 382\r tourism (marine ecotourism), 480-481\r transitions (system transitions), 2692-2693, 2699, \r 2774\r upwelling, 391, 399, 429-431, 430, 2329\r vulnerabilities, 381-382, 381-384, 456-467\r See also Coastal areas and ecosystems; Fisheries; \r Ocean acidification; Oceans\r eans, 379-550\r about, 385-391, 433\r [...]"


id: 29d08498775b1ce982fbddf11c954725
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 4583
content:
"[...] abrupt ecosystem shifts, 442-445, 445\r adaptation options, 383\r aquaculture, 456, 459-460, 773-782\r benthic zone431-432454-455"


id: 49e9fdda3887e312c844b25f19424a66
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 10243
content:
"biodiversity, 16, 381, 438-446, 441, 456, 458\r biogeography, 433-436\r biomass, 16, 57-60, 67, 382, 446-451, 450, 452\r blue carbon, 383, 464-466, 468, 2692\r chemical changes, 395-397\r chlorophyll concentrations, 445\r circulation and currents, 391, 395\r closure areas, 1952\r community composition, 381, 438-446\r coral reefs, 410-414\r deep-sea ecosystems, 454-455\r deoxygenation*, 391, 394, 396-397, 401\r Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS), 391, \r 395, 429-431, 430\r extinctions, 382\r extreme events, 442-445\r FAQ (industries and jobs), 469-471\r fisheries, 381-382\r food webs, 381, 449-451, 2329-2330\r human dependence on, 385\r light penetration, 386, 404-406\r livelihoods, 469-471\r marine heatwaves, 381, 391, 392-393, 392, \r 415-418, 435\r marine protected areas, 383, 475, 481-483\r non-climate drivers, 386\r observed changes, 391, 392-400\r ocean management policies, 1952\r oceanic zone, 385, 433\r oxygen concentration, 391, 401, 435\r paleoclimatology data, 400\r pelagic zone*, 385, 410, 433\r [...]"


id: 7397e06d23b928ade7b2c51cf631daea
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 17591
content:
"[...] pH, 396\r phenology and trophic mismatches, 46, 436-438, \r 437\r physical changes, 392-395\r polar seas, 431-433, 432\r pollution, 381, 386\r projected changes, 391, 392-400, 398, 399\r resilience, 382\r SDGs and, 383-384, 467-468\r sea ice and, 391, 395, 399\r sea level, 391, 393-395, 394\r semi-enclosed seas (SES), 426-427, 426\r species range shifts, 12, 433-436, 434, 766, 768\r stratification*, 56, 391, 395\r surface salinity, 391\r temperature, 391, 392-393, 392\r tourism (marine ecotourism), 480-481\r vulnerabilities, 456-467\r zones of, 385\r utdoor workers, 51, 54, 60, 717-718, 796-797, 797\r vershoot scenarios, 35, 57, 69\r greenhouse gas release, additional, 21-22\r temporary overshoot, 21-22, 57, 69, 267, 453\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 267\r xygen\r concentration (in oceans), 401, 435\r dissolved oxygen concentration, 200, 210, 214, \r 243, 278\r ocean deoxygenation, 391, 394, 396-397, 401\r xygen deficiency. See Hypoxia"


id: 5d093e42306542721f2c2d512c786065
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13635
content:
"Occupational health, 1063, 1074, 1091-1092, 1863, \r 2064\r Ocean acidification (OA)*, 395-396\r animals, effects on, 406-407\r Asia, 1465, 1466\r Australasia, 1587, 1589-1590, 1593-1594, 1607\r calcifiers and, 396, 401, 412-413, 2329\r chemistry of, 395-396\r coastal impacts, 420\r coral reefs, 412-413\r detection and attribution, 396\r fish and, 401, 406-407\r fisheries, impact on, 401\r livelihoods and, 1225\r Mediterranean Region, 2235, 2239\r North America, 1937, 1938-1939, 1951, 1957, \r 1961\r observed impacts, 391, 396, 717\r polar regions, 2324, 2329\r primary production and, 401\r projections, 391, 394, 396, 399, 1225\r regulation of, 457\r Small Islands, 2046\r See also Coral bleaching; Coral reefs\r Ocean and coastal ecosystems, 379-550\r about, 381-391, 389, 391\r adaptation, 23, 72-73, 383-384, 467-489\r adaptation: best practices, 492-493\r adaptation: policy frameworks, 491-492\r adaptation capacity/limits, 456\r adaptation feasibility and effectiveness, 482, 2769\r adaptation finance, 488\r [...]"


id: 13770b8ba353f81fe297a49984e5390e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 632
content:
"[...] adaptation implementation, 475-489, 485\r adaptation level needed, 383-384\r adaptation limits, 383\r adaptation solutions, 468-475, 472\r animals, 406-407\r biodiversity, 72, 382, 438-446, 456, 458\r biodiversity hotspots, 2125, 2128, 2131, 2134, \r 2138, 2143-2148\r carbon storage, 440-441, 458-459, 463, \r 464-466, 468, 1602\r circulation, 391, 395\r climate change impacts, 381-382, 387-388\r climate-induced drivers, 397-400\r climate-induced drivers: biotic responses, 400-407\r climate regulation, 457, 458-459, 461\r climate resilient development (CRD), 2728\r community composition, 381, 434-435, 438-446\r compound changes, 397\r concept map of chapter, 389\r Cross-Chapter Box (Sea Level Rise), 477-480\r cultural services, 457, 459, 467, 468, 484-488\r drivers of change, 386, 387-388, 391, 397-409\r economic impacts, 383\r ecosystem services, 383, 386, 456-467, 457, \r 458-459\r evolutionary adaptation, 386, 407-409, 408\r extinctions, 382"


id: a3d721ea1fb12677085ae0be570caee9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26020
content:
"Peacebuilding, 937, 1047, 1119, 1123\r Pearls, 461\r Peatlands*, 241-242, 266-267, 309\r adaptation, 301, 305\r adaptation: tree planting, 315\r in Asia, 301\r biodiversity protection (case study), 301\r carbon stocks, 241-242, 266, 273, 315\r CO2 emissions from, 242, 249\r drying/draining of, 22, 56, 69\r projected risks, 22, 266-267, 272\r Pelagic biomes and ecosystems*, 382\r biomass, 436\r carbon export, 451, 453\r climate and, 393\r fauna, 464, 484\r food webs, 431\r phenology, 448\r primary production, 404\r projected changes, 397, 398\r species range shifts, 433, 436\r Pelagic zone*, 385, 410, 433\r Penguins, 298-299, 1718, 2323, 2328\r People, 2671\r Perception\r of climate change, 1316, 1645-1646, 1886-1887, \r 1886, 1931, 1939-1942, 1941, 2596\r risk perception*, 99, 150, 1115, 1518, 1886-\r 1887, 1886, 2288, 2290, 2301\r values and, 2596\r Peri-urban areas*\r agriculture, 799, 800\r expansion of, 918\r observed water-related impacts, 587-592\r projected risks, 616-617\r supply chains, 33\r [...]"


id: c4192b1c673429aa4269710ca1d5df0b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31788
content:
"[...] Permafrost*, 202, 251, 266-273, 279, 570-571\r active layer thickness, 570\r Asia, 1459, 1464, 1465, 1485, 1500\r carbon stocks, 201-202, 249-251, 273\r degradation, 202, 241, 242, 570\r diseases and, 232-233, 2340\r Europe, 1823-1824, 1855-1856\r Indigenous knowledge on, 1944\r infrastructure and, 17, 66\r observed changes, 11, 570, 592\r polar regions, 2321, 2325, 2331, 2332, 2339\r projected changes, 22, 61, 272-273\r temperature, 570\r thaw*, 11, 22, 61, 202, 210, 232-233, 241-243, \r 279, 592, 1076, 2321, 2325, 2332, 2339\r water resources and, 266\r Peru, 1211\r Coastal Nino (2017), 589, 591\r Pests, 16, 47, 57, 200, 730-732, 1844\r control of, 23, 109\r food production and, 718, 730-732\r forest insect pests, 248-249, 273, 275-276\r projected impacts, 16, 57, 718\r range expansion of, 200\r pH*\r oceanic, 395-397\r See also Ocean acidification"


id: 407ca7761e2f610e099b26ee2c76523b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 8534
content:
"Phenology*, 11, 12, 45, 46, 55, 67\r diseases and, 261\r feedbacks and, 275-276\r growing season, 200, 224, 242, 244, 255\r observed changes, 12, 45, 224-225, 226-227, \r 382, 717, 2424-2425\r observed impacts, 11, 12, 45, 46\r ocean and coastal systems, 382, 436-438, 437, \r 438\r projected changes, 55, 67, 382, 437-438, 440\r spring advancement, 224-225\r temporal mismatches, 45, 382\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 12, 55, 200, \r 224-225, 226-227, 252, 275-276\r trophic mismatches, 436-438, 437\r vernalisation, 225\r Phenotypic plasticity, 407-408, 408\r Photosynthesis, 258, 273, 2376\r browning and, 243\r CO2 effects on, 568\r respiration and, 251, 277, 2377\r Physical capital, 1235\r Phytoplankton, 405, 1603\r adaptation in, 408\r Antarctic, 2328\r biomass, 382, 446, 450, 451\r carbon sequestration, 440-441\r chlorophyll and, 445\r food webs and, 381\r light and nutrients, 401, 404-406\r phenology, 224, 439, 440\r in polar regions, 431-432, 2328\r primary production and, 251-252, 446, 451\r [...]"


id: 1fafc329ab3d376b2c8d55e8f107ebc1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 2784
content:
"[...] See also Algal blooms; Zooplankton\r Planet, 8, 42, 2671\r Planetary boundaries, 2661\r exceedence of, 2661\r Planetary health*, 8, 30, 35, 42, 109, 134, 2659\r climate change as threat to, 35\r Happy Planet Index, 2672\r planetary pressures HDI (PPAHDI), 2672, 2722\r societal choices and, 32, 35, 2658, 2661, \r 2664-2665\r Planetary urbanisation*, 914, 917-918\r Plankton\r diversity, 1480\r seasonal effects, 381, 382\r temporal mismatches, 382\r See also Phytoplankton; Zooplankton\r Planned relocation (of humans)*, 27, 52, 65, 96, \r 1080, 1082, 1085, 1086, 1117-1118, 2771, \r 2783-2785\r Plants\r breeding, 728, 743-744, 745, 1356\r C3 and C4 plants, 264, 614, 734-735, 748\r carbon dioxide effects on, 724, 736, 749, 754, 1046\r flowering, extinction risk, 202\r functional types, 264, 268\r guidelines for planting semi-natural vegetation, \r 316\r leaf area, 564, 568\r medicinal, 757, 758, 759\r ozone and, 736"


id: fb4b40db5f72c3ee3cb162840f4040e4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 41588
content:
"Pacific Ocean\r Blob in, 215, 417\r dangerous climate conditions, 55\r Paleo-ecological evidence, 126, 438\r Cross-Chapter Box (PALEO), 154-157\r extinctions and, 154-155\r ocean systems, 400, 438\r Pandemics*, 7\r COVID-19, 628, 959, 1066-1069\r Paris Agreement (2015), 40, 127, 128, 911, 912, \r 919-920, 920\r adaptation finance, 1231-1232\r feasibility assessment, 2771\r goals, 2657\r NDCs, 659, 911, 920, 1229, 1241, 2298\r sustainable development and, 2666\r Particulate matter (PM)*, 1095-1096\r Partnerships, 26, 31, 34, 97, 966, 2659, 2671\r Past climate changes, 126, 154-157, 438\r Cross-Chapter Box (PALEO), 154-157\r human responses to, 155-156\r Pastoralism*, 657, 746, 1054, 2198, 2210, 2215\r Africa, 1208-1209, 1218, 1350, 1354\r andean pastoralists, 298, 1703\r Bedouins, 1056\r coping/adaptation strategies, 1182, 2210\r Kenya, 1208-1209\r Maasai, 1218\r mountain regions, 2275, 2287\r poverty and, 2422\r Pathogens\r fisheries, 765, 789\r regulation of, 461-463\r toxins, 20, 51, 64, 382, 462, 789\r [...]"


id: edc7438949be3fe13e2b845a382b0baf
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 39192
content:
"[...] Vibrio, 13, 1841, 1862, 1863\r Pathways*, 145, 145\r adaptation pathways, urban, 940-963\r climate change responses and, 1215\r climate resilient development pathways (CRDPs)\r 2655-2807\r climate-resilient pathways*, 2662-2663, 2734\r definition of, 2734\r development pathways*, 2662-2663\r emissions pathways*, 138, 1647, 2658, 2686\r future, societal choices and, 32, 35, 2658, 2661, \r 2664-2665\r overshoot pathways*, 453, 2484\r Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs)*\r 9, 44, 138\r Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs)*, 138, \r 1121, 1213-1214, 2673-2675, 2674\r Shd SiiPh(SSP)*9104"


id: df069a45af9b96b90f46b36ef8b054f1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 36491
content:
"scale and pace of impacts, 2322\r sea ice, 59, 391, 395, 399, 2321, 2324, 2325, \r 2332, 2336-2339\r sea ice loss, 2321, 2338-2339\r sea level, 2324\r seals, 2321, 2328\r shipping, 2321, 2332, 2334-2335, 2336-2339, \r 2347\r snow, 2324, 2331\r Southern Ocean, 431-433, 432\r species distribution shifts, 2321\r subsistence resources, 2331, 2332, 2335, 2348\r system transitions, 2693\r temperature, 2324, 2325, 2326, 2332\r temperature (sea surface), 2326\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 2324-\r 2325, 2330-2331, 2349\r tipping points, 20\r tourism, 2321, 2325, 2335, 2348\r trade and trade routes, 2335, 2338-2339\r transboundary governance, 2322\r transboundary issues, 2334-2335, 2336-2339\r transportation systems, 2335-2336, 2347\r tundra, 242-243, 267, 269, 2321\r warming of, 211-214\r whales, 2332, 2336\r zoonoses, 51-52\r zooplankton, 2329, 2330\r See also Arctic region; Boreal forests; Tundra\r Poleward movement, 433, 457, 460, 730, 1957\r See also Range shifts\r Policies*\r [...]"


id: 72b526ef2d3eb4f727de2569eddd9233
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 17425
content:
"[...] adaptation and, 23, 30, 909-910, 996\r biodiversity conservation, 2152\r co-production of, 97\r context for climate action, 40, 128-129\r gender integration, 2701-2702\r integration, 1246, 2577\r policy action gap, 969-974, 972, 989-990\r policy leaders/entrepreneurs, 97, 2600\r political commitment and follow-through, 29, 98\r transitions and, 91\r See also Governance\r Poliomyelitis, 1064\r Political commitment and follow-through, 29, 98\r Political economy*, 2705-2706\r Pollen, allergies and, 1863\r Pollinators, 16, 23, 109, 202, 717, 718, 739-740\r in Europe, 1836, 1837\r extinction risk, 202\r Population. See Human population\r Poverty*, 1171-1284, 2421-2422\r about, 1174-1175, 1249-1250\r adaptation constraints, 1175\r adaptation costs and, 1183\r adaptation decision making, 1253\r adaptation: enabling environments, 1175, \r 1228-1239\r adaptation finance, 1230, 1247-1249, 1253\r adaptation limits, 1224\r adaptation needs, 1174-1175\r adaptation options, 1227-1238\r adaptation responses, 1191"


id: a7db3ce4075d3dcf16ac59a51b80eb6e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26741
content:
"fish/fisheries, 59, 433, 2321, 2328, 2329-2330, \r 2333-2335, 2333, 2334, 2348\r fish/fisheries: transboundary, 2334\r floods, 2321, 2324, 2325\r food, fibre and products, 2331-2335, 2332\r food webs, 1950, 2321, 2329-2330, 2332\r forecasting services, 2322\r forestry, 2332\r future risks, 2321, 2325-2341, 2326, 2327-2328\r glaciers, 2324\r global impacts of, 2323, 2333\r global importance of, 2323-2325, 2333\r governance, 2322, 2352-2353\r growing season, 2332\r heatwaves, 217, 2331\r human health and wellness, 2340, 2341, 2347\r human settlements, 2323-2325, 2347\r human settlements: Arctic, 2336-2340\r hydrology, 2321, 2330\r ice, 2324-2325\r ice cover, 213\r ice-free areas, 2331\r impacts, 2321, 2325-2341, 2326, 2327-2328, \r 2350\r impacts: drivers of, 2324\r impacts: pace and magnitude of, 2321-2322, \r 2323, 2333, 2351, 2354\r Indigenous Peoples, 2321, 2322, 2325, 2352\r Indigenous Peoples: adaptation, 2339, 2343-2344\r Indigenous Peoples: population, 2323\r Indigenous Peoples: self-determination, 2322, \r [...]"


id: 2dbf597762578ce1cd52651d445c14f8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 5338
content:
"[...] 2342-2344, 2353-2354\r infrastructure, 59, 66, 933, 2321, 2334-2335, \r 2339, 2347\r invasive species, 2325-2328\r key risks, 2344, 2346-2349\r livelihoods, 2321, 2339-2340, 2342, 2345\r livestock, 2332\r losses and damages (including intangible), 2352\r marine and coastal ecosystems, 431, 2324, \r 2325-2330, 2348\r maritime trade routes, 2338-2339\r nomadic lifestyles, 2342\r observed impacts, 594, 2321, 2325-2341, 2326, \r 2327-2328\r ocean acidification, 2324, 2329\r permafrost thaw, 2321, 2325, 2331, 2332, 2339\r permafrost thaw, diseases and, 2340\r phenology, 2332\r phytoplankton, 2328\r polar bears, 221, 237, 284, 2323, 2328\r polar seas, 431-433, 432\r primary productivity, marine, 431, 2328-2329\r projected changes, 2323\r projected impacts and risks, 2321, 2325-2341, \r 2326, 2327-2328\r range contraction, 2321\r range shifts, 2328\r regional differences, 2322\r reindeer herding, 1057-1058, 1868-1869, 2332, \r 2342, 2348\r resource extraction, 2335, 2348\r Sami women, 2342"


id: 4c3f9579ae264f392939f2bdd80bda1b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 10678
content:
"pests and, 57, 717\r phenology, 439\r pollinators, 717, 718, 739-740\r as protein sources, 753\r respiration*, 251, 277, 317\r spring advancement, 224-225\r transpiration by, 564\r asmodium, 1062\r asticity (biology)*, 236, 407-408, 408\r behavioural, 225\r lar bears, 221, 237, 284, 2323, 2328\r possible extinction, 2321\r lar Regions, 2319-2368\r about, 2321-2325, 2323, 2354\r about: regions and subregions, 2323\r adaptation, 2321-2322, 2344-2351, 2346-2349, \r 2350\r adaptation: current, 2344-2345\r adaptation: flexible, equitable and inclusive, 2322, \r 2352-2353\r adaptation: integrated, 2322\r adaptation feasibility, 2349\r adaptation gaps, 2350\r adaptation, Indigenous Peoples, 2339, 2343-2344\r adaptation, key risks and sectors, 2344, \r 2346-2349, 2350\r adaptation limits, 2351\r adaptation, local involvement, 2322, 2345\r adaptation, maladaptation, 2321, 2350-2351\r adaptation, regional differences, 2322\r adaptation, self-determination and, 2342-2344, \r 2345\r agriculture, 2332, 2335\r [...]"


id: 6f79ccaf9c4385500757998ab4d6da41
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16876
content:
"[...] Antarctica: heatwave, 217, 2331\r Antarctica: research stations, 2325, 2335, 2336\r Antarctica: temperature projections, 2723\r aquaculture, 2332\r biodiversity, 2322\r biodiversity hotspots, 2140, 2145, 2148\r cascading risks and impacts, 20, 2321, 2325, \r 2333, 2347-2349\r climate change, pace and magnitude, 2321-2322, \r 2323, 2333, 2351, 2354\r climate change: pace and magnitude, 68\r climate resilient development, 2322, 2352-2354, \r 2353\r climate zone contraction, 2321\r climatic impact drivers, 2324, 2325, 2332\r cooperation, 2322, 2345\r culture and heritage sites, 2321, 2331, 2339-\r 2340, 2352\r decision making, 2322, 2342-2344, 2344-2345, \r 2351, 2352\r diseases, 45, 51-52, 232-233\r economies, 2321, 2335-2336\r ecosystem shifts, 45-46\r ecosystems, 2323, 2324-2325, 2325-2331, 2333, \r 2348-2349, 2350\r equity and inclusiveness, 2322\r extinctions, 2321\r FAQs, 2333, 2336-2337, 2339, 2351\r fires/wildfire, 2324, 2330-2331"


id: dad8bae5626bb1addc21102863677850
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35796
content:
"climate change linkages, 1176, 1182-1183, 1194, \r 1252\r climate change responses, 1187-1192\r climate-compatible development (CCD) and, \r 1238-1239, 1238\r climate justice and, 1175\r climate resilient development (CRD) and, \r 1238-1249, 1238, 2731\r compound challenges, 1174-1175, 1182\r conflicts and, 1178\r COVID-19 and, 65, 909, 959, 1188, 1202, 2666\r crop losses and, 1178, 1187\r differential vulnerability, 1180-1181, 1181, \r 2421-2422\r disproportionate impacts, 555, 1174, 2421-2422\r extreme weather events and, 2422\r FAQs, 1251-1253\r governance failures and, 1178\r hazards, climate-related, 1178-1180, 1179\r indicators/assessment, 1194-1195\r inequalities and, 1178-1180, 1179, 1182-1183, \r 1191-1192\r key risks, 1178\r losses and damages, 1174, 1205\r maladaptation and, 1189, 1220-1222\r migration and, 930, 1178, 1181-1182\r mitigation responses, 1191\r nutrition/malnutrition, 51\r observed impacts, 1177-1187, 1179\r projections, 65, 1051, 1213-1214\r relative vs. absolute, 979\r [...]"


id: c0222c6420aca024e1025423a747d669
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31093
content:
"[...] scenarios (SSPs), 96, 1213-1214\r social protection and, 943-944\r sustainable development and, 1174, 1249-1250\r Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), 1174, \r 2731\r trends, 1201-1204\r urban, 80, 921, 929, 943-944, 1701, 1712, 1746\r urbanisation and, 921\r vulnerability and, 80-81, 929, 1174-1175, \r 1251-1252\r Poverty reduction, 95, 101, 943, 1175, 1193\r adaptation and, 95, 1228-1238, 1253\r FAQ, 995, 1253\r investments in, 1232\r mitigation and, 1240\r Poverty traps*, 57, 930, 1174, 1178, 1187-1192, \r 1187\r Practitioner knowledge2593"


id: 6324950fb6d274ace793cfca6e0e68d0
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14737
content:
"See also Droughts; Floods; specific regions\r Pre-industrial period*, 10, 44, 157\r Primary production*, 404-406, 451-453\r feedbacks and, 275-276\r global NPP, 251\r heat/temperature and, 1092\r nitrogen/nutrients and, 401, 404\r observed changes, 451, 453\r ocean acidification and, 401\r ocean ecosystems, 401, 404-406, 451-453, 453\r by phytoplankton, 401\r projections, 451-453, 453\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 214, \r 251-252, 275-276\r time of emergence and, 399-400, 445-446\r tropical forests, 240-241\r upwelling and, 429-431, 2329\r Private sector engagement, 965\r in adaptation, 965-966, 1232\r financing, 719, 825, 977, 978, 2543, 2721\r Procedural justice. See Justice\r Production. See Primary production\r PROGRESS (Cross-Chapter Box), 2610-2613\r Projections*, 55-70\r about: reference periods and years, 10, 44\r about: summary, 10-22, 55-70\r impacts and risks (summary), 10-22\r long-term period (2081-2100), 10, 44\r long-term risks, 16-17, 18-20\r mid-term period (2041-2060), 10, 44\r [...]"


id: 34660650a2c99106fc440c899d959502
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6455
content:
"[...] mid-term risks, 16-17, 18-20, 63\r near-term period (2021-2040), 10, 44\r near-term risks, 15, 55, 69\r overshoot scenarios, 21-22, 35, 57, 69\r projected risks, 14-22, 18-20\r regional summaries, 18-20, 58-60\r temperature, projected changes, 130-131, 139, \r 141-145, 18\r temperature and precipitation, global, 2677-2678\r temperature and precipitation, regionally, \r 2677-2678\r temperature pathways and, 16\r uncertainty and, 317-318\r See also Key risks; Temperature projections; \r specific regions and sectors\r Prosperity, 2671\r Protected areas, 222, 270-271, 286, 287\r Africa, 1339, 1340, 1342\r land area, globally, 14, 56\r marine protected areas, 383, 475, 481-483, 1342, \r 1584, 1730, 1838\r national parks, 270-271\r Thailand, 297\r Protein, 753, 1097\r See also Diet\r Pteropods, 433, 2329\r Public face of climate change, 588-591\r Public health, 63, 269-270, 294-295\r Public investment/finance, 719, 825\r Puerto Rico, 986-987\r Hurricane Maria, 1084, 1183\r Puffins, 215"


id: 861258372d7601dd80ce4ebaf4838013
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20732
content:
"R\r Railways, 931, 1850, 1851\r Rainfall. See Precipitation\r Range contractions, 45, 768\r Range shifts, 11, 12, 45, 67, 72, 724, 779-780\r adaptation, 771\r Africa, 1332\r Asia, 1473-1474, 1475-1477\r Australasia, 1583, 1587, 1602, 1603-1604, 1616\r Europe, 1835, 1836, 1837, 1843\r feedbacks and, 275-276\r fish, 382, 386, 433-434, 460, 724, 766, 768, 769\r food sourcing and, 768-773\r kelp, 419\r maladaptation, 771\r multiple drivers of, 435\r North America, 1945, 1956, 1957, 1961\r observed changes, 11, 12, 45, 219-220, 224-225\r ocean and coastal species, 12, 381, 382, 386, \r 433-436, 434, 460, 724, 766\r past climate changes and, 155\r pelagic species, 433, 436\r projected changes, 55, 67, 436\r species replacement, 2131-2132\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 12, 200, \r 205, 219-220, 224-225, 227-229, 252, \r 275-276\r wetland species, 423-424, 592\r See also Extirpation; Species distribution\r Rangelands, 289, 748-749, 749, 1243\r Reasons for Concern (RFCs)*, 15, 18-20, 58, \r [...]"


id: 397f1bdf4413b74817964984a2504e64
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 7327
content:
"[...] 68-69, 69-70, 146-147, 2417, 2481-2500, \r 2482-2483, 2486\r adaptation limits and, 59-60\r adaptation/mitigation needs, 68-69\r climate change and, 2486\r dangerous anthropogenic interference, 69, \r 2450-2453\r distribution of impacts (RFC3), 2486, 2490-2492, \r 2501\r ecosystem degradation (RFC), 2417\r elicitation methodology, 2482-2483, 2483\r ember diagrams, 58, 114, 2482-2483, 2486, \r 2507-2508\r evidence for, 68\r extreme weather events (RFC2), 2486, 2488-2490\r global, 2485-2500\r global aggregate impacts (RFC4), 18, 2486, \r 2492-2494, 2501\r key risks and, 118\r large-scale singular events (RFC5), 18, 2486, \r 2494-2500, 2501\r Representative Key Risks and, 114, 118, \r 2481-2485, 2482\r risk levels, definition, 118, 2483\r risk level transitions, 69-70, 2483\r summary, 2501\r temperature and, 69-70, 2417, 2486, 2501, \r 2507-2508, 2666\r unique and threatened systems (RFC1), 18, \r 2485-2488, 2486, 2501\r updated, 2501"


id: 29e7c186083473d829734aba8b3c974c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 4599
content:
"high risk, transition to, 2417\r indexes, 1196\r inequalities and, 1217\r infrastructure, 930-935, 931\r inter-regional flows of (Cross-Chapter Box: \r INTEREG), 2441-2444\r interactions of, 8, 42, 147, 2471-2473, 2472\r interconnected risks, 93, 117, 118, 910, 2235, \r 2441-2444\r key risks (See Risk: Key Risks)\r knowledge on, 30\r linkages, 8, 42, 134, 2658\r maladaptation and, 2415, 2436-2437, \r 2437-2440\r mid to long-term, 16-17, 18-20, 63, 69\r near-term, 15, 55, 69\r new risks, creation of, 20, 66, 67, 921-922, 2415, \r 2416-2417\r overshoot scenarios, 21-22, 35, 57, 69\r projected, 15-17, 18-20, 1213-1227\r realized risks, 2419\r Reasons for Concern, 15, 18-20, 146-147, \r 2473-2501, 2481-2500\r residual risk, 172, 1174, 1368-1369, 2419, 2445, \r 2448-2449, 2544, 2619\r from responses, 148-149, 149\r risk framing, 2418\r scale of risks, 2418\r severity of, 2416, 2450-2453, 2454, 2466, \r 2467-2468\r societal responses to, 160-173\r solar radiation modification (SRM), 21, 2416-\r 2417, 2473-2478\r [...]"


id: 49261ee008584599b5b6aff3d18d91e3
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 10095
content:
"[...] temperature and: risks at 1.5degC, 15\r temperature and: risks beyond 1.5degC, 16-17\r trade-offs, evaluating, 2576-2577\r transboundary risks, 21, 67-68, 82\r unavoidable, 15, 110\r uncertainty and, 2658\r understanding and evaluating, 145-160\r unprecedented levels of, 55-57, 68\r vulnerability and, 203, 208, 1196, 1217\r water-related, 61\r See also Risk management\r k: Key Risks*, 113-114, 118, 2411-2538\r about, 16, 55, 2414-2418, 2419, 2450-2453\r about: aggregated risk, 18\r about: definitions, 2415-2416, 2450-2453\r about: main messages, 16, 2466\r about: synthesis, 2466, 2467-2468\r abrupt changes, 2416, 2457\r adaptation, 2414-2415, 2428-2441, 2469-2471, \r 2504\r adaptation co-benefits, 2436-2437, 2437-2440\r adaptation effectiveness and adequacy, 2416, \r 2431, 2434-2436\r adaptation implementation, 2431, 2444-2450, \r 2449, 2451-2452\r adaptation investments for, 2554\r adaptation limits, 2415, 2420, 2444-2450, \r 2448-2449, 2451-2452, 2504\r adaptationmaladaptation2436-2437"


id: 7d31d2fed3e611a4374a0b785031b41f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 19204
content:
"RKR-H (peace and human mobility), 2455, \r 2463-2464\r severity conditions, 113-114, 115-116\r Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and, \r 2479-2481, 2480\r synthesis of, 88-90, 2466, 2467-2468\r temperature levels and, 2466, 2675\r See also Risk: Key Risks\r Reptiles, marine, 439, 1952, 2058\r Residual impacts, 1180\r Residual risks*, 172, 383, 1174, 1368-1369, 2419, \r 2445, 2448-2449, 2544\r FAQ, 2619\r Resilience*, 134, 136-137, 2658, 2666\r about, 9, 43\r building, 86-90, 994, 2658\r building: urgent need for, 31, 204\r definition of, 43\r of ecosystems, 45, 55-56, 86-87, 109-110\r enabling conditions, 108-109\r linkages, 8, 134\r subjective, 1116\r See also Climate resilient development (CRD)\r Resin and gum, 757, 758\r Respiration*, 251, 277, 317, 2377\r vs. photosynthesis, 251, 277\r Respiratory diseases, 13, 52, 64, 1045, 1060, \r 1066-1071\r Responsibility-based thinking, 1943-1944\r Retrofitting, 34, 946, 952, 953, 989\r Rice\r arsenic and, 798\r nutritional quality, 1046\r observed impacts, 728\r [...]"


id: 96b6b38546a3fdb893b22bc2a2d2565a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 23719
content:
"[...] projected yields, 736-737, 1352, 1492\r Rift Valley Fever, 51, 747, 750, 1063, 1354\r Rio Declaration (1992), 162\r Rio Markers, 2613\r Risk*, 125, 145-160, 2411-2538\r about, 8, 16, 40-41, 43, 2418, 2419\r about: complex risk, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83\r about: summary, 15-17, 18-20\r adaptation limits and, 2415, 2420, 2444-2450, \r 2448-2449, 2451-2452\r adaptation responses, 2415, 2428-2441\r amplification, 2416, 2430\r assessment (See Risk assessment)\r burning ember diagrams, 18-20, 58-59, 114, 258, \r 281, 2482-2483, 2486, 2507-2508\r cascading risk, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83, 147, 909, \r 912, 935-936, 1065\r climate risk, nature of, 145-149, 146\r communication about, 126, 159-160, 159\r complex risk, 10, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83\r compound risk*, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83, 935-936, \r 1070, 1201, 1225-1227, 1226, 2420\r definition of, 43, 134-135, 2418, 2450\r definitions related to, 2422-2423, 2450-2453\r drivers of, 2421-2422\r dynamic (changing) nature of, 2544\r emergent risks*, 2484-2485\r framing, 134-135\r [...]"


id: 62cfe10b788b3947e44baefdcffd3f00
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14681
content:
"socioeconomic inequalities, 2421-2422\r soft limits, 2415, 2444, 2445\r solar radiation modification, 21, 2416-2417, \r 2473-2478\r species distribution and phenology, 2424-2425\r sustainable development and, 2416, 2473-2481, \r 2480\r Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and, \r 2479-2481, 2480\r synthesis of, 2466, 2467-2468\r temperature impacts, 15-17, 938\r temperature levels and, 15-17, 2417, 2420, 2466, \r 2466-2468, 2501, 2506-2507, 2666, 2675\r temperature-related mortality, 2426\r terrestrial and ocean ecosystems, 2455, \r 2456-2457, 2503\r transboundary risk transmission, 21, 2416, \r 2441-2444\r variation in, 2466-2471\r vector-borne diseases, 2427, 2462, 2467\r vulnerability and, 1052, 2421-2422, 2468-2469\r water availability, 2425\r water distribution, 2425\r water-related, 619-622\r water security, 2455, 2463-2464, 2503\r waterborne diseases, 2426-2427, 2462, 2467\r See also Reasons for Concern; Risk management; \r specific regions and sectors\r Risk assessment*, 9-10, 44, 113-118, 149-158, \r [...]"


id: 6b141ece08996d7a7b3172bfdc6f189d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16133
content:
"[...] 970, 1941, 2418, 2423-2424, 2453-2466\r aggregated risk assessments, 113-114, 115-118\r human factors in, 1941-1942\r in IPCC reports, 9-10, 44, 148-149, 149-158\r Reasons for Concern*, 15, 18-20, 2417, \r 2481-2485, 2482-2483\r regional assessment, 158\r Risk financing, 2553-2554\r Risk insurance, 1522-1523, 2771\r Risk management*, 125, 133, 2539-2654, \r 2676-2689\r about, 43, 2542-2548, 2549\r about: 24 risk management options, 2551, 2604\r adaptation finance, 2584-2585, 2586-2593\r adaptation, incremental and transformational, \r 2558-2562\r adaptation investments, 2554\r adaptation limits, 2558-2562\r adaptation-maladaptation continuum, 2600-\r 2602, 2603\r adaptation monitoring and progress, 2605-2614, \r 2610-2613, 2620-2621\r adaptation options, 2548-2553, 2551, 2604, 2621\r adaptation options: 24 options, 2557-2562, \r 2559-2560, 2604\r adaptation options: benefits of, 2552-2553, 2553\r adaptation options: portfolio of, 2542, 2553-\r 2562, 2577-2580, 2614-2615\r [...]"


id: 66ad360d4aa7cbf28caa4312f8bdc677
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15323
content:
"[...] adaptation options: transformation potential, \r 2559-2560\r adaptation spectrum, 2557-2558, 2561, 2619\r adaptation success, 2548, 2600-2605, \r 2620-2621\r cities and settlements, 944-946, 2601-2602"


id: 1d5a5ff0a7580d54d120b755dae86b95
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 2346
content:
"extreme weather events, 18, 2486, 2488-2490, \r 2508\r FAQs, 2502-2508\r financial constraints, 2415\r food production, 725, 2416\r food security, 725, 2416, 2455, 2462-2463, 2503\r future risks, 2419, 2420-2422\r global-scale, 2453\r global temperature targets and, 2417, 2420, 2447\r globalisation and, 2416\r hard limits, 2415, 2444, 2445\r human health, 2455, 2461-2462, 2503\r human systems, 2415, 2430, 2431-2437, 2444\r identification and assessment, 2453-2466\r identification of weather sensitivity, 2423\r impact attribution, 2422, 2423-2424\r impact severity and, 2416, 2450-2453, 2454, \r 2467-2468\r impacts vs. responses, 2431, 2441, 2505\r income inequality, 2461, 2468\r individuals and households, 2433, 2433\r inequalities and, 2421-2422\r infrastructure, 2455, 2458-2459, 2503\r inter-regional flows (Cross-Chapter Box: \r INTEREG), 2441-2444\r interconnections, 41, 55, 117, 118, 2416, \r 2441-2444\r irreversible losses, 16, 69, 2417, 2455\r livelihoods, 2460-2461\r [...]"


id: 868e74b93e4ed5fd64d2d0856eee6d84
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20842
content:
"[...] living standards, 2455, 2459-2461, 2460, 2503\r mitigation and, 2683-2687, 2686\r natural systems, 2430, 2431, 2441\r new risks, creation of, 20, 66, 67, 2415, \r 2416-2417\r observed adaptation, 2414-2415\r observed impacts, 2414, 2419-2420, 2422-2428, \r 2430\r potential impacts, 2418\r poverty, 2421-2422, 2459-2460\r rate of climate change and, 2431\r Reasons for Concern (RFCs)*, 18-20, 58, 68-69, \r 2417, 2420-2421, 2481-2500, 2482, \r 2483, 2501\r Representative Key Risks (RKRs)*, 103, \r 2415-2416, 2420, 2453-2466, 2455, \r 2467-2468, 2502-2503\r Representative Key Risks (RKRs): adaptation \r options, 24-26, 88-90, 104, 2551, 2604, \r 2621\r Representative Key Risks (RKRs): identification, \r 2454\r Representative Key Risks (RKRs): interactions, \r 2471-2473, 2472\r residual risk, 2419, 2445\r responses, 2415, 2420\r risk framing, 40-41, 2418\r risk interactions, 2471-2473, 2472\r risk reduction, 2434-2436, 2506\r risk transmission, 68, 2441-2444\r river flooding, 2425\r scale of risks, 2416, 2418\r [...]"


id: 6139455be0c06a752c774f6d7463b149
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14406
content:
"adaptation, mix of responses, 2434\r adaptation, observed, 2414-2415, 2428-2441, \r 2506\r adaptation options, 24-26, 1753-1756, 1753-\r 1754, 2449-2454, 2551, 2604, 2621\r adaptation progress and feasibility, 2428, \r 2610-2613, 2724-2732, 2772\r adaptation-related responses, 2415, 2420, \r 2428-2441\r adaptation-related responses: definition, 2431\r adaptation-related responses: hazards and, 2432, \r 2433\r adaptation-related responses: human systems, \r 2431-2437\r adaptation-related responses: natural systems, \r 2431\r adaptation-related responses: not all reduce risk, \r 15, 2431, 2440-2441\r adaptation, risk reduction and, 2434-2436, 2506\r adaptation scenarios, 2469\r adaptation, transformational, 2435-2436, 2435, \r 2436\r adaptation, types of responses, 2434\r adaptation, who is responding, 2433, 2433\r aggregated assessments, 113-114, 115-118\r agricultural deltas, 2470-2471\r attribution, 2422\r behavioural change, 2433-2434\r cascading impacts, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83, 2466\r cities, 938-939, 993\r [...]"


id: a339eadea45816221b04e22012dd403f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25928
content:
"[...] climate attribution, 2423\r climate change and, 2502-2503\r climate change and weather fluctuations, 2430\r climate-related systems, 2422\r climate-related systems: observed impacts, \r 2424-2428\r coastal systems, 2415, 2425, 2454-2456, 2455, \r 2503\r combinations of, 2482, 2689\r complex risk, 10, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83\r compound risks, 20-21, 67-68, 82-83, 1070, 2420\r conflicts/violence, 2428, 2429, 2455, 2463-2464, \r 2503\r criteria for identifying, 2418, 2423-2424, \r 2450-2453\r crop yields, 2425-2426\r dangerous anthropogenic interference (DAI), 69, \r 2415, 2420, 2450-2453"


id: ee3630d070e3d2db95dac71965721e6d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 39279
content:
"climate resilient development (CRD) and, 2544, \r 2614-2615, 2676-2689\r climate services and, 2543, 2594-2595\r in conflict-affected areas, 2557\r for COVID-19, 1069\r decision-making for, 2542-2548, 2549, 2562-\r 2580, 2569-2574, 2614-2615\r dynamic nature of climate risks, 2544\r enabling and catalysing conditions, 2542, \r 2580-2600\r equity and justice, 2604-2605, 2605\r FAQs, 1128, 2616-2621\r finance and, 2542-2543, 2584-2585, 2586-2593\r governance and, 2542, 2551, 2581-2584\r insurance and, 814-817, 2554\r integrated, 2544, 2577-2580, 2614\r iterative, 98, 135, 171, 2549\r knowledge and capacity, 2543, 2585-2596\r layered risk management, 2555\r legal and policy frameworks, 40, 2542\r Loss and Damage (L&D), 2544, 2563-2565\r mainstreaming, 2615\r maladaptative potential, 2543-2544, 2548\r monitoring and evaluation (M&E), 2544, 2547, \r 2605-2614, 2620\r National Adaptation Plans, 2544\r opportunities and, 2556\r portfolio of adaptation options, 2542, 2553-2562, \r 2577-2580\r [...]"


id: 50e3d24289fa9698b7271eb54ee56285
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 11503
content:
"[...] portfolio of climate risks, 2614-2615\r private sector, 2552\r residual risk and, 2544, 2619\r risk assessment and, 2545-2546\r risk financing, 2553-2554\r risk prevention, 2553-2554\r risk spreading and sharing, 28, 2781\r Sendai Framework, 93, 591, 911, 912, 919, 920, \r 2545, 2581-2582, 2598, 2666\r transformation and, 2564, 2601-2602\r typologies for, 2556\r uncertainty and, 2543, 2568, 2569-2574, 2616, \r 2658\r urgency levels and, 2596-2597, 2597\r values and, 2546, 2547, 2567, 2568, 2578-2579, \r 2596, 2609\r windows of opportunity, 32-33, 2543, 2556, \r 2597-2598\r See also Adaptation; Decision making; Risk\r sk perception*, 99, 150, 1115, 1518, 1886-1887, \r 1886, 2288, 2290, 2301\r sk reduction, 68-69, 456, 2434-2436, 2506, 2659\r in cities, 994, 995\r FAQs, 994, 995, 1127-1128\r Sendai Framework, 93, 591, 911, 912, 919, 920, \r 2545, 2581-2582, 2598, 2666\r See also Decision making\r sk transfer*, 945-946, 961\r ver floods, 16, 573, 576-577, 606, 607, 950-951\r displacement and, 1085\r [...]"


id: afb62fef0a4066570b97e6499f5125b3
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28145
content:
"[...] vers, 16, 200, 211, 211, 213, 214, 288-289\r adaptation, 26, 288-290\r attribution of changes, 574\r browning of, 243\r dams on (See Dams)\r flow, 211, 212, 214\r GHG emissions from, 277\r mountain regions, 2280\r observed change, 573, 574\r projected changes, 16, 604\r regulation, 807\r river ice, 213\r 'Room for the River', 634\r water temperature, 210, 211\r water towers and, 1484, 2279-2280\r See also Runoff; specific regions\r Roads, 931\r road infrastructure, 1368, 1368\r Rodent-borne diseases, 1064\r Rubber plantations, 265\r Runoff*, 53, 564\r from glaciers, 564, 582, 605\r observed changes, 556, 592\r populations dependent on, 556\r projected changes, 61, 602-603, 604\r regionally, 1608, 1609, 1610, 1701, 1708, 1718, \r 1938, 1954\r urbanisation and, 564\r Rural areas, 33\r adaptation for, 99\r basic services, provision of, 26, 99\r food security, 796\r health, 1053\r interconnections to cities, 91, 912, 918\r livelihoods, 657, 746, 1053, 1692, 1704, 1712\r pastoralism*, 657, 746, 1053\r population in, 27\r [...]"


id: bceeb3bdda778c5a8c06b59fd009a5ef
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 30482
content:
"[...] rural-to-urban migration, 170424171088, 930, \r 1082, 1083, 1350\r vulnerabilities and risks, 15, 1052\r S\r Safety nets, 108, 808, 944, 1047\r in Africa, 1390-1393\r food, 796\r Salamanders, 202\r Salinity, 382, 391, 461\r desalination, 624, 631, 653, 655, 1349\r salt-water intrusion/encroachment, 21, 382, \r 461-462\r Salmon, 1946-1947, 1952, 2716\r Salmonella/salmonellosis, 51, 64, 1045, 1060, \r 1066, 1095, 1970\r Saltmarshes, 56, 305, 421-424, 422, 423, 464-465, \r 2692\r benefits and trade-offs, 308\r Salt-water intrusion/encroachment*, 21, 382\r human health and, 461-462\r Sami\r reindeer herding, 82, 1057-1058, 1868-1869\r Skolt Sami, 2716\r women, 2343\r Sand and dust storms, 1478, 2207-2208, 2207, 2216\r Sandy beaches, 424-426, 424\r Sanitation and sewage\r health risks, 939"


id: 3527464871ba17a90194ed33be7dc284
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6595
content:
"in urban areas, 925, 934-935, 949-950, 956-957\r Sargassum seaweed, 1951, 2070\r Savannas, 201, 239-240, 264, 269, 309, 2205\r afforestation and, 314\r woody encroachment, 47, 201, 238, 275\r See also Deserts and semiarid areas\r Scales (spatial and temporal)*, 176, 401, 2418, \r 2453\r near-term, mid-term, and long-term, 10, 44\r Scenarios*, 137-145, 138, 2660, 2673-2675\r future development trajectories, 2660, 2673-\r 2675, 2674\r global surface temperature, 18\r participatory scenario planning, 30\r reference periods, 10, 44\r Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), \r 9, 44, 138\r Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs), 138, \r 1121, 2660, 2673-2675, 2674\r Shared Socio-econonic Pathways (SSPs), 9-10, 44\r storylines and figures, 72-83, 137\r See also Pathways\r Schistosomiasis, 64, 1064, 1072, 1094-1095\r Science\r citizen science, 30\r technology and innovation (STI), 2709, 2718-2720\r Sea ice*, 391, 395, 399, 2321, 2324, 2325, 2332, \r 2336-2339\r Antarctic, 391, 395\r Arctic, 391, 395, 1936, 1938\r [...]"


id: 359979247dcbfa202c2ef5c5b537007b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6685
content:
"[...] Arctic maritime trade routes, 2338-2339\r importance of changes in, 433\r projections, 59, 399, 2338-2339\r shipping and, 2336-2339\r Sea level, 62, 94, 391\r committed change, 21, 62\r extreme (ESL)*, 27, 62, 391, 2165\r global mean sea level (GMSL)*, 391, 393-395\r relative sea level (RSL)*, 393-395\r Sea level change*, 21, 391, 393-395, 477-480\r about: overview, 17, 391\r accomodation, 27, 94, 2076, 2078-2079, 2084, \r 2173, 2174\r adaptation, 26, 27, 94-95, 478-480, 1965-1967\r adaptation limits, 478-480\r cities and, 27, 53, 909\r coastal areas and, 15, 27, 53, 62, 477-480\r committed change, 21, 62\r Cross-Chapter Box (SLR), 477-480\r global mean sea level (GMSL)*, 391, 393-395\r ice sheet collapse, 27\r Indigenous Peoples and, 806-809\r magnitude possible, 17, 63, 478, 479\r migration and mobility, 1099-1100, 2465-2466\r observed changes and impacts, 11, 391, 393-394, \r 477\r projected risks and impacts, 62-63, 94, 382, 391, \r 393-395, 477-480, 1225\r regional variations in, 393\r [...]"


id: 3afd0f5d49b0e7e67a2a8186e02e4d6e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 7569
content:
"[...] relative sea level (RSL) rise, 393-395\r risks, 62-63\r risks with level of change, 17, 63\r Small Islands, 17, 2045, 2052, 2056, 2061"


id: f0c6349d32446ee17ea9fdcc3ef7e9b8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 39725
content:
"corals/coral reefs, 2045, 2046, 2048\r COVID-19 and, 2050, 2070, 2093\r culture, 2068-2069, 2074, 2086, 2090-2091\r cumulative impacts, examples, 2071-2072\r dengue, 2064\r detection and attribution, 2073-2075, 2075\r disaster risk management, 2080-2086\r diseases, 2064-2065\r droughts, 2046, 2052\r early warning systems, 2050, 2064, 2080, 2088\r economies, 2050, 2067, 2085-2086, 2092\r ecosystem degradation and transformation, 2046, \r 2074\r ecosystem services, 2045, 2058, 2059, 2074\r ecosystem services: adaptation, 2081-2082\r endemic species, extinction risk, 2046\r energy transitions, 2093, 2681\r ENSO and, 2053, 2054, 2071-2072, 2095\r exposure, 2050-2052\r extinction risks, 2045, 2046\r extratropical cyclones, 2055\r extreme events, 2061, 2074\r FAQs, 2095-2100\r fisheries and aquaculture, 2065-2067, 2070, \r 2099-2100\r flooding, 17, 2045-2046, 2053-2055, 2053, 2060\r food accessibility, 2065\r food production, 2046, 2065-2067, 2099-2100\r food security, 2070, 2099-2100\r freshwater stress, 623, 2046\r [...]"


id: a65f44623bf268c47e52723e2739bc8c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26489
content:
"[...] freshwater systems, 2045, 2058-2060\r gender equality, 2050, 2077, 2091\r groundwater, 16, 2045, 2065\r habitability, 82, 2046, 2068, 2069, 2074, \r 2095-2096, 2165\r habitability: atoll nations, 2073, 2165\r hard protection, 86, 2075-2076, 2078-2079, \r 2081, 2084\r health and well-being, 2064-2065, 2085, 2088\r heat-related mortality, 2064\r human population, 2053\r human systems, 2063-2069, 2095-2096\r hurricanes, 2071\r Indian Ocean tsunami (2004), 2071, 2076\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge, \r 2050, 2067, 2068, 2077, 2091\r infrastructure, 2045, 2063-2064, 2074\r infrastructure: adaptation, 2084, 2680-2681\r insurance, 2089\r interconnections, 2049, 2059\r inundation, 2068, 2068\r invasive species, 2070\r irreversible changes/risks, 2417\r key risks, 2046, 2069, 2074\r key risks, adaptation options for, 2081-2086\r labour migration, 2681\r land reclamation, 2076\r livelihoods, 1211, 1218, 2074, 2079-2080\r livelihoods: adaptation, 1185-1186, 2081, 2085\r livelihoods, migration for, 2077-2078\r [...]"


id: a94bd02601bbec8bcfdb975b8aceeca0
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27005
content:
"all Islands, 2043-2121\r about, 2045-2050, 2049\r about: island types, 2051\r about: regions included, 2048\r accomodation and advance, 27, 2076, 2078-\r 2079, 2084\r adaptation, 27, 2047, 2049, 2096-2099, 2175, \r 2432, 2436\r adaptation barriers, 2047, 2087-2091\r adaptation co-benefits, 2081-2086\r adaptation, community-based, 2047, 2079\r adaptation decision making, 2080\r adaptation, ecosystem-based, 2050, 2077, \r 2078-2079, 2082, 2084, 2097\r adaptation enablers, 2047, 2049, 2087-2091, \r 2092-2093\r adaptation finance, 2047, 2050, 2085, 2088-\r 2089, 2092\r adaptation, governance and, 2087-2088, 2092\r adaptation, ILIK and, 2050, 2067, 2068, 2077, \r 2091, 2092\r adaptation implementation, 2081-2086\r adaptation, incremental, 2047\r adaptation limits, 28, 84-85, 2046, 2047, 2049, \r 2050, 2077, 2445-2446, 2448-2449\r adaptation limits, possible exceedence of, 28, 2046\r adaptation, maladaptation, 2091\r adaptation, need/urgency for, 2045, 2047, 2048\r adaptation options, 623, 2047, 2049, 2075-2086, \r [...]"


id: 82493d28d5d0903e0b1dc0af058e26c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20049
content:
"[...] 2098\r adaptation options, by key risk, 2081-2086\r adaptation, reactive vs. anticipatory, 2096-2097\r adaptation, slow- and rapid-onset events, 2047\r agriculture, 2046, 2065-2067, 2079, 2099-2100\r aridity, 2046, 2058\r artificial reefs, 2077\r atolls, 1185-1186\r beach nourishment, 2077\r beaches, 2057-2058, 2077\r biodiversity, 2046, 2062-2063, 2074\r biodiversity: adaptation, 2081-2083\r capacity building, 2047\r Caribbean Region, 2071-2072\r cascading impacts, 82, 2045, 2071-2072, 2073\r ciguatera fish poisoning, 2064-2065\r cities/urban areas, 2045\r climate education, 2089-2090\r climate models, 2047\r climate resilient development in, 2091-2093, \r 2680-2681, 2727\r climate services, 2050, 2080, 2088, 2092\r climate-smart development, 2077\r climate trends, 2054-2055\r coastal areas, 2053-2055\r coastal areas: adaptation, 2078-2079, 2081\r coastal areas: population in, 2053\r coastal cities, 2045\r coastal ecosystems, 2056-2058, 2074\r coastal erosion, 2055-2056\r community-based adaptation, 818\r [...]"


id: 1d19254937c5af0fcfce43c37b86a94b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 2297
content:
"Sea surface temperature (SST)*, 391, 392-393\r Australasia, 1589, 1590\r climate velocity and, 392, 393\r Europe, 1826, 1827, 1867\r Mediterranean Region, 2235, 2237-2238\r observed changes, 391, 392, 392\r projected changes, 391, 394, 2723\r Sea urchins, 405, 415\r Seabirds, 215, 439, 443-445\r Seafood safety, 481, 764, 765, 789\r Seagrasses, 47, 442, 459, 463, 464-465, 1602, 2146, \r 2692\r benefits and trade-offs, 309\r carbon sequestration by, 56, 1480\r in coastal areas, 421-424, 422\r Seals, 2321, 2328\r Seasonality\r growing season, 200, 224, 242, 244, 255\r temporal/trophic mismatches, 45, 382, 436-438\r See also Phenology\r Seaweed, 753, 1481, 1492, 1604\r Security. See Conflicts\r Sediment, 26, 62, 583-584, 612\r exposed, CO2 from, 277\r Semarang, Indonesia, 984-985\r Semi-arid zones*. See Deserts and semiarid areas\r Semi-enclosed seas, 426-427, 426\r Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction*, \r 93, 591, 911, 912, 919, 920, 2545, 2581-\r 2582, 2598, 2666\r Sequestration*. See Carbon sequestration\r [...]"


id: 8540f8a15ff3226b99ad516bfccc8bb4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20583
content:
"[...] Settlements*. See Cities and settlements\r Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs)*, 138, \r 1121, 1213-1616, 2660, 2673-2675, 2674\r inequality scenario, 1174\r Shared Socio-econonic Pathways (SSPs)*, 9-10, 44\r integrated SSP-RCP framework, 10, 44\r temperature projections, 58\r Shelf seas*, 427-429, 428, 429\r Shrimp, 1491, 1710\r Sinks*. See Carbon sinks\r Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), 40-44, 123-198\r about: core concepts, 7-9, 43\r attribution in, 151-154\r certainty, degree of, 159-160, 159\r climate risks, understanding and evaluating, \r 145-150\r common climate dimensions, 139\r entry points in, 133-145\r interconnections in, 8, 41, 42, 133, 134\r key concepts, 7-9, 43, 133-145, 134\r key developments since AR5, 40-43\r new approaches, 132-133\r policy context, 40, 128-129\r risk assessment, 40-41, 148-149\r structure of, 178-179, 178\r structure of report, 40\r transformation concept in, 173-177\r urgency of current moment, 128-133, 146, 180\r Slow-onset processes, 11, 27, 54-55\r [...]"


id: a170b0329a4dfb909c58eee9d7ddd5bf
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25619
content:
"mangroves, 2046, 2057, 2071\r marine ecosystems, 2045, 2046, 2056-2058\r marine ecosystems: adaptation, 2081\r mental health, 2065\r microfinance, 2089\r migration, 1185-1186, 2067-2068, 2070, \r 2076-2077, 2078-2079, 2084\r natural systems, 2053-2063, 2054-2055, \r 2095-2096\r observed changes in climate, 2052, 2095-2096\r observed impacts, 2045, 2049, 2050-2073\r occupational heat stress, 2064\r ocean acidification, 2046\r planned relocation, 52, 2096-2097\r precipitation, 2045, 2052, 2054\r precipitation, extreme, 2046\r projected impacts, 623, 2045-2046, 2049\r projected risks, 19, 59, 62-63, 2046-2047, \r 2050-2073\r protected areas, 2083\r provisioning, 2046\r reef island destabilization, 2055-2056\r research and data gaps, 2047, 2049, 2093, \r 2094-2095\r resilience, 2047\r ridge-to-reef management, 2059, 2081, 2082\r risk accumulation/amplification, 2072, 2073\r risk transfer, 2088-2089\r risks, 82, 2048, 2069, 2074\r risks: key risks, 2046, 2069, 2074, 2081-2086\r sea level rise, 2045, 2052\r [...]"


id: 20a5fd0701460e84498fb0a5274b6575
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 2970
content:
"[...] sea level rise: adaptation, 2096-2097\r sea level rise: impacts, 17, 2061\r sea level rise: losses and damages from, 2047\r sea level rise: projections, 17, 2056\r seagrasses, 2057\r settlements, 2063-2064, 2074, 2084\r slow-onset changes, 2047, 2069, 2074\r social capital, 2047\r social networks, 2047, 2093\r storm surges, 2045, 2048, 2053\r submergence, 2053-2055, 2053, 2068, 2068, \r 2074\r temperature, 2045, 2048, 2052, 2054\r temperature scenarios, 2046\r terrestrial ecosystems, 2045, 2046, 2061-2063, \r 2062-2063, 2074\r terrestrial ecosystems: adaptation, 2082-2083\r tourism, 2080, 2086, 2093\r transboundary issues, 2069, 2070\r tropical cyclones, 2045, 2048, 2052, 2053, 2055\r 2064, 2095-2096\r tropical cyclones: losses and damages, 2047\r tropical cyclones: projections, 2064\r tropicalisation, 2065\r urgency, sense of, 2045, 2048\r vector-borne diseases, 2064\r vulnerability, 15, 1052, 2045, 2046, 2048, \r 2050-2052, 2061\r wash-over events, 623\r water insecurity, 623, 2046\r water resources, 2083\r [...]"


id: 1a2ca64af24cc7042b0ee3c5a914f278
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 1797
content:
"waves, 2045-2046, 2055, 2056, 2070, 2078\r Yap: livelihood strategies, 1185-1186\r zika, 2064\r See also Coral reefs\r Snow cover, 563, 564, 570-571, 2275, 2302, 2324, \r 2331\r observed changes, 565, 570, 592\r projected changes, 16, 61, 603\r Social capital, 108, 767, 1237-1238, 2047\r Social conflict. See Conflicts\r Social cost of carbon (SCC), 2420, 2495, 2498\r Social governance, 2584\r Social inclusion*, 112, 909, 911, 996\r Social infrastructure*, 910, 942-947\r Social insurance, 944\r Social justice*. See Justice\r Social movements, 101, 1693, 1749-1750, \r 2598-2600, 2720-2721, 2736\r Social networks, 1208, 2047, 2093\r Social policy-based adaptation, 909-910\r Social protection*, 27, 943-944, 944, 1047, \r 1389-1393, 1523-1525\r Social safety nets, 27, 808, 944, 1047, 1390-1393, \r 2781\r Social tipping points, 65, 82, 1174, 1176, \r 1215-1216, 1216\r Social vulnerability, 909\r Societal choices, 32, 35, 2658, 2661, 2662-2665, \r 2720\r Societal impacts of climate change, 1174, 1176, \r 1194\r [...]"


id: a0ec90e639945a60453509fa5658f435
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 25537
content:
"[...] Societal resilience, 108-109\r Societal responses to climate change risks, \r 160-173\r Societal (social) transformation, 174, 2655, 2667\r Societal systems, transitions in, 2665, 2693-2698, \r 2699\r Socio-cultural factors, 1235-1238\r Socio-economic pathways. See Pathways; Shared \r socio-economic pathways\r Socio-institutional adaptation, 468, 472, 473, 482\r Socio-technical transitions*, 2658, 2665, \r 2690-2705, 2733, 2736\r Soil\r anthropogenic soils, 1757-1758\r carbon stocks, 250, 270, 317\r conservation, 624, 645\r health, 16, 741\r Soil erosion*, 583-584, 612\r Soil moisture*, 23, 564, 569-570\r observed changes, 569\r projected changes, 600-601, 602\r Solar chimneys, 953\r Solar power, 932-933, 1245\r Solar radiation modification (SRM)*, 69, \r 2416-2417, 2473-2478\r risks, 21, 68, 69, 2475-2477\r termination effects, 2475, 2477\r Solastalgia, 1078, 2339\r Solution space*, 165-166, 2658\r for climate resilient development, 71, 2659, 2666, \r 2690, 2705, 2706, 2736\r [...]"


id: 68b18cf402a87afc28b2b1402f45b055
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15689
content:
"resilience, 26\r responses to climate change, 2125\r richness, biodiversity hotspots, 2126\r severe impacts on, 47-48\r thermal tolerance, 407, 433, 2328\r vernalisation, 225\r See also Habitats; Phenology; Range shifts\r Species distribution, 45, 227-229, 717, 768-773, \r 2424\r adaptation and, 718-719\r observed changes, 592\r ocean systems, 433-436, 434\r poleward movement, 433, 457, 460, 730, 1957\r range shifts (See Range shifts)\r See also Extirpation\r Species extinctions. See Extinction\r Sponge City Programme, 1503, 1504-1505\r Spring advancement, 223-225\r See also Phenology\r SREX (Special Report on Managing the Risks of \r Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance \r Climate Change Adaptation), 173-174\r SRM. See Solar radiation modification\r SROCC (Special Report on the Ocean and \r Cryosphere in a Changing Climate), 40, \r 130-131, 386-389, 563, 720, 913\r Standards*, 2583-2584\r State fragility, 1201, 1202\r Storm surge*, 420, 476, 916\r Australasia, 1583, 1604, 1619, 1621, 1626\r [...]"


id: e8d9e10297abfd06866dd9a4168ffaaa
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38320
content:
"[...] Central and South America, 1712\r coastal areas, 420, 476, 909, 934, 950, 993\r Small Islands, 2045, 2048, 2053\r urban areas, 909, 925, 935-936, 993\r Storms\r atmospheric river events, 1953, 1962\r human mortality, 50-51\r sand and dust storms, 1459, 1464, 1478, 1533, \r 2207-2208, 2207\r See also Storm surge; specific regions and topics\r Storylines*, 72-83, 137\r biodiversity, 72-73\r cities and settlements, 80-81\r complex risk, 82-83\r ecosystems and species, 72-73\r food-water, 74-75\r health and well-being, 79\r urban areas, 80-81\r vulnerability (human), 86-88\r Stratification*, 391, 395\r Streamflow*, 571-573\r climate change impacts on, 564\r dams and, 564\r modified, 556, 617\r observed changes, 555, 565, 571-573, 574\r populations dependent on, 556\r projected changes, 16, 61, 556, 603-605\r Stressors*, multiple, 82-83, 147-149\r Subsidence, 66, 386, 393, 933\r Subsidies, 2719\r Subsistence livelihoods/provisioning, 47, 61\r Sudden-onset events, 1099-1100, 1100, 1174\r Sugarcane, 1697, 1699, 1736"


id: b32833daeed8d3f9f270c3379008c826
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28765
content:
"Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area, 300\r Taxes, 2707-2708, 2719\r Technology, 24, 79, 88, 106, 2709, 2718-2720\r capacity and access, 26, 35, 93\r Teleconnections*, 1329\r Temperate forests, 269, 308\r Temperature\r adaptation limits and, 28\r adaptive capacity and, 2666\r extremes, 11, 57\r future pathways, 2662\r global, current, 10, 44, 1819\r global mean surface (GMST)*, 18\r global warming levels (GWLs), 137, 139-143, \r 2677-2678\r key risks and, 2417, 2420, 2466, 2466-2468, \r 2501, 2506-2507, 2666\r likelihood of passing 1.5degC in near-term, 43\r overshoot*, 21-22, 35, 57, 69, 267, 453, 2484\r projected changes, 18, 58, 130-131, 391, \r 1090-1091, 2677-2678, 2723\r projected impacts (See Temperature impacts)\r projected time to reach 1.5degC, 10, 43, 44, 144-145\r regional projected changes, 2723\r risks at 1.5degC, 15, 17, 69\r risks beyond 1.5degC, 16-17, 66, 69\r scenarios, 2723\r sea surface (SST) (See Sea surface temperature)\r targets, 2417, 2420, 2447, 2657\r [...]"


id: bff9a937c9363adb4add8cff3c815e0a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31066
content:
"[...] thermal tolerance (species), 407, 433, 2328\r See also Global warming; Temperature impacts; \r Temperature projections; and specific \r regions\r Temperature impacts, 72-73\r escalation with each degree of warming, 16, 22, \r 55-56, 57\r global/aggregate impacts, 17, 18, 2417, 2486, \r 2492-2494, 2501\r irreversible impacts, 11, 16, 21, 57, 69\r key risks and vulnerabilities, 938, 2417, 2420, \r 2466, 2466-2468, 2501, 2506-2507\r oceans, 391\r projected impacts of 1.5degC rise, 15-17, 19, 20, \r 55-56, 61, 66, 69, 556\r projected impacts of 2degC rise, 16, 19, 55-56, 57, "


id: 56560d933c07e01bde3a372495cf94ae
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 12457
content:
"climate resilient development (CRD), 203-204, \r 302-317, 2728\r community composition, 223-224\r Cross-Chapter Box (EXTREMES), 215-218\r Cross-Chapter Box (ILLNESS), 291-295\r Cross-Chapter Box (NATURAL), 303-309\r deserts and arid lands, 238-239, 269\r detection and attribution, 200, 201, 206\r detection and attribution: uncertainties, 254-256\r diseases, 230-236, 233-235, 261\r diseases: adaptation, 290-291, 294-295\r diseases: case studies, 231-233\r diseases: vector-borne, 200, 231, 232, 261, 291-295\r diseases: wildlife diseases, 200, 230-236, 261\r diseases: zoonoses, 232-233, 233-235\r disturbance regimes, 208, 237, 280, 314\r ecosystem connectivity, 279, 285-287, 286\r ecosystem functioning, 55, 72, 208, 243-253\r ecosystem health, 55, 310-312\r ecosystem integrity, 55, 72, 201, 202, 205, 267, \r 276, 311\r ecosystem protection, 203-204, 310-312\r ecosystem restoration, 203, 204, 313, 315-316\r ecosystem services, 47, 201-202, 204, 243-279\r ecosystem services: carbon sequestration, \r 201-202, 204\r [...]"


id: 232b6c6d4d20b306c7935d39f8aff1d7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 3389
content:
"[...] ecosystem services: connections to climate \r change, 206, 207\r ecosystem services: human health and, 47, \r 282-283\r ecosystem services: risks, 270-279\r ecosystems: past change vs. observations, \r 268-269\r ecosystems: projected changes, 261-270\r ecosystems: risks, 55-57, 270-279\r ecosystems: structural changes, 55, 201, 267, \r 280-281\r ecosystems: temperature overshoot and, 57, 267\r eutrophication*, 252, 278-279\r evolutionary responses, 236-237\r extinction, 200, 220-223, 221-222, 229\r extinction risk, 16, 200, 256-261, 259-260\r extreme events and, 200, 204, 208-210, 214, \r 215-218\r EXTREMES (Cross-Chapter Box), 215-218\r FAQs, 221-222, 233-235, 247-248, 282-283, \r 310-312\r fauna, 275-276\r feedbacks, 267, 274-277, 275, 276\r fish, 214\r fisheries, 278-279\r forests, 201, 204, 237-238, 265-266\r forests, tropical, 240-241, 265, 272-273, 308\r genetic and evolutionary responses, 201, 230, \r 236-237\r growing season, 200, 224, 242, 244, 251, 255\r hazards and exposure, 208-229\r [...]"


id: f320cd26955274aff641fb9f2d590411
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40158
content:
"[...] heatwaves, 208, 216-217\r human health and, 282-283\r human interventions, 205, 283\r hydropower, 279\r ice, 200, 213, 214\r ice loss, 211-214, 213"


id: 599fd14093cbcdb4beec15a64f7f5f42
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13007
content:
"water temperature, 200, 211\r wildfires, 20, 201, 202, 243-246, 272, 280-281\r wildfires: area burned, 201, 202, 243-246, 272\r wildfires: FAQ, 247-248\r wildfires: fire seasons, 201, 246\r wildfires: projections, 202, 271-272, 281\r wildlife diseases, 200, 230-236\r See also Mountains\r Thailand, protected area planning, 297\r Thermal habitat, 210\r Thermal mismatch, 232\r Thermal refuges, 414\r Thermal stress. See Heat stress\r Thermal tolerance, 225\r corals, 407\r ocean species, 433, 2328\r Thermoelectric power, 27, 555, 585, 586, 615, 932\r Thresholds, critical, 1050, 1090-1091, 2417, 2456, \r 2458-2459\r exceedence of, 55, 1090-1091\r See also Tipping points\r Tibetan Plateau\r water extent, 212\r See also Himalayas/Hindu Kush\r Tick-borne diseases, 200\r Lyme disease, 51, 261, 1045, 1063-1064, 1094, \r 1862, 2427\r poleward shift of, 200, 234\r tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), 1045, 1094, 1862\r Tigers (Bengal tiger), 1476, 1516\r Time of emergence, 399-400, 445-446, 448, 449\r [...]"


id: f3b51bc13d30bba35b54b24261b97059
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40252
content:
"[...] Time of exposure to altered environments, \r 445-446, 449\r Time scales, 176, 401, 2418, 2453\r climate-induced drivers, 401\r reference periods and years, 10, 10, 44\r See also Scales (spatial and temporal)\r Tipping points*, 1215, 2417, 2424\r Amazon region/forest, 82, 272, 1707\r carbon balance/loss, 279, 281\r cascading impacts and, 20\r coupled, 1174\r ecosystems, 208, 279, 2424\r large-scale singular events (RFC5), 2417, 2486, \r 2494-2500\r marine heatwaves and, 382\r North America, 1985, 1999\r ocean and coastal ecosystems, 382, 447-448\r ocean (FAQ), 447-448\r risks of crossing, 2661\r social, 65, 82, 1174, 1176, 1215-1216, 1216\r temporary overshoot and, 453\r terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, 205, 208, \r 279\r Tourism\r adaptation limits, 2449\r adaptive capacity, 1973, 1974\r Africa, 1338-1339\r Australasia, 1583, 1605, 1607, 1617, 1625-1626\r Central and South America, 1709, 1710, 1714\r coastal areas, 383, 467\r cruise ship, 481\r ecotourism, 480-481, 1714"


id: 18751aa9f9d0ce1438ac356bb0b8d8bf
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 1516
content:
"in Europe, 1852, 1857, 2449\r last chance tourism, 1595\r marine ecotourism, 480-481\r Mediterranean Region, 2235, 2237, 2242, 2243\r mountain areas, 570, 2275, 2287-2288, 2292\r nature-based, 1338-1339\r North America, 1963, 1971-1973, 1974, 1976, \r 1992\r oceans and coastal areas, 469, 480-481\r polar regions, 2321, 2325, 2335, 2348\r protected areas, 1339\r Small Islands, 2080, 2086, 2093\r Toxins, 20, 49, 51, 64, 462, 789, 1098\r aflatoxins, 789, 798, 1072, 1098\r bioaccumulation of, 49, 64, 382, 789\r harmful algal blooms (HABs), 20, 64, 404, 463, \r 789, 1076, 1098\r mycotoxins, 20, 51, 789, 1098\r Trade\r Arctic maritime trade, 2336-2339\r international, 790-791\r risk transmission and, 68, 2441-2442\r Trade-offs*, 2657-2658, 2687-2689\r adaptation, 129-132, 1239-1245, 2542\r adaptation and mitigation, 307-308, 653-654, \r 1239-1245, 1304, 2687-2689\r decision making and, 2576-2577\r evaluating, 163\r multi-metric valuation, 163\r Transboundary adaptation, 1489\r Transboundary agreements, 480\r [...]"


id: c7853311448e8463257197b064564501
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32411
content:
"[...] Transboundary governance, 30, 480, 659, 719, \r 768-769\r mountain regions, 2276, 2304\r Transboundary issues, 21, 67-68, 82-83\r Africa, 1289, 1310-1312\r Arctic maritime trade, 2336-2339\r Asia, 1485, 1488, 1489\r Australian megafires, impacts of, 83\r collaboration on, 30\r Europe, 1820\r marine spatial planning, 475\r risk transmission, 21, 2441-2444\r water conflict, 593\r Transboundary risks, 21, 67-68, 1820\r Transformation*, 41-43, 99, 111-112, 127, \r 173-178, 2665\r adaptation limits and, 171-172, 2558-2562\r barriers/resistance to, 2668\r for climate resilient development, 111-112, \r 2658-2659, 2668-2669, 2736\r definition of, 173, 823\r deliberate*, 174-175, 175\r ecomodernism vs. degrowth, 174-175\r of ecosystems, 55\r enabling, 175-177, 981-982, 2668\r facilitating, 173-178\r forced, 174-175, 175\r goals, 133\r linkages, 134\r long-term, 173-178\r role in this report, 41-43, 127, 133\r societal (social)*, 133, 174"


id: acb1c48acf148768ca11667b0ea9a5a8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27629
content:
"speed and scale of, 175-177\r system transitions and, 2658, 2665, 2690-2705\r transformative actions, 2665, 2668-2669\r urban areas, 976\r Transformational adaptation*, 99, 174, 383, \r 2435-2436, 2435, 2436, 2557-2562\r 24 adaptation options, 99, 2557-2562, \r 2559-2560, 2604\r adaptation limits and, 2558-2562\r adaptation spectrum, 2557-2558, 2561, 2619\r agroecology as, 815-817\r cities and settlements, 910, 911, 915-916, 963, \r 971, 2601-2602\r decision making and, 2601-2602\r FAQ, 181\r food, fiber systems, 822-823\r incremental adaptation vs., 2558\r need for, 111, 383, 2542, 2671\r planned adaptation, 2561, 2562\r relative lack of, 2415\r for risk management, 2558-2562\r trade-offs, 2542\r Transitions*, 99, 111-112, 2658, 2665, 2690-2705, \r 2733, 2736\r accelerating, 2698-2705, 2733\r adaptation options for, 23-28, 24-26\r climate responses and, 2785\r definition of, 173, 2690\r energy, 27, 99, 2690-2691, 2699, 2769, \r 2773-2774\r facilitating, 2699\r FAQ, 2736\r feasibility, 100, 2772-2781\r [...]"


id: 29a2a5bccf698de1eebb28dbfe0851f0
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 4551
content:
"[...] industrial systems, 2693, 2699\r just, 2604-2605, 2606\r land, oceans, and ecosystems, 23-26, 2692-2693, \r 2699, 2774\r linkages, 8, 42, 134\r mitigation and, 2785-2787\r monitoring and evaluation (M&E), 2709-2711\r public policy and, 91\r societal systems, 2665, 2693-2698, 2699\r urban and infrastructure, 26-27, 2691-2692, \r 2699, 2780-2781\r water importance for, 654\r window of opportunity for, 2658\r Transpiration. See Evapotranspiration\r Transportation, 933-934\r active transport, 1047\r adaptation, 1369, 1370\r infrastructure, 933-934, 955-956, 1369\r ocean systems and, 481\r railways, 931, 1850, 1851\r roads, 931, 1368, 1368\r sea ice loss and, 2336-2339\r in urban areas, 955-956\r Trees\r carbon storage, 272\r tree crops, 729-730\r tree line*, 1472-1473, 1475, 2277, 2294, 2302\r tree mortality, 22, 200, 201, 246-249, 272-273, \r 280-281, 753-754, 1946, 2499\r tree planting3103153161341"


id: 436d41f575bb6e8bb44f415e256f4ca9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 9084
content:
"nited States\r Hurricane Harvey (2017), 589, 591\r National Climate Assessment (2018), 1181\r See also North America\r pwelling, 429-431, 430, 2329\r California EBUS, 429-430\r coastal systems and, 395, 429-431, 430\r Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS), 391, \r 395, 429-431, 430\r primary production and, 429-431\r projected trends, 399\r upwelling zones, 429-431, 430\r rban adaptation, 26-27, 71, 80-81, 91-94, \r 940-963\r adaptation challenges in African cities, 979\r adaptation constraints and limits, 26, 910\r adaptation experiences, 964-967\r adaptation gap, 71, 91, 93, 910, 941-942, 941, \r 976-978, 989-990\r adaptation pathways, 940-963\r adaptation planning, 909-910, 919\r adaptive capacity, 26, 53, 909, 975\r barriers to, 910, 964, 970, 978-980, 978\r benefits and trade-offs, 309, 960-961\r climate resilient development pathways, 961, \r 962-963, 989-990\r co-production of strategies, 971-973\r community-based adaptation, 26, 91, 965, 967\r in conflict zones, 937\r COVID-19 and, 909\r [...]"


id: 79c10f13260515daced1523699fd83be
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 18628
content:
"[...] diverse responses for, 91-93\r enabling conditions, 913, 963-982, 990-991\r equity and justice in, 958-959\r FAQs, 994, 996\r feasibility, 2779-2781\r finance for, 910, 975-980, 996\r health systems, 946\r impacts and risks of, 937-940, 937\r incremental adaptation, 963\r Indigenous knowledge and, 919, 945\r inequalities and, 909\r infrastructure and, 910\r institutional change and, 967-969\r investment in, 910\r local adaptation, 964, 974\r mainstreaming, 93-94, 971\r maladaptive responses, 909\r monitoring and evaluation, 980-981\r nature-based solutions (NbS), 81, 305-306, 909, \r 948-952\r needs of most vulnerable, 971\r non-state actors in, 964\r partnerships for, 966\r private sector and, 965-966\r social infrastructure, 942-947\r social policy-based adaptation, 909-910, 996\r solution space, 969-974\r suburbanisation, 918\r trade-offs, 910\r transformative adaptation, 910, 911, 915-916, \r 963, 971, 976\r urban design, 26, 1128\r water-related628-6296306326402780-2781"


id: 68b0fa215d72ed01b154165bc50c4fb3
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15688
content:
"es, specific\r acacia, 301\r baobab, 270-271, 760\r eucalyptus, 208, 290, 1594, 1599, 1615-1616, \r 2281\r ple-win approaches, 1240, 1528\r pical cyclones*, 11\r Africa, 1290, 1329, 1333, 1361, 1362, 1363-1364\r 1377-1378\r Asia, 1463, 1465, 1500\r Cyclone Debbie (2017, New Zealand), 1583, 1623\r Eline (2000), 1333\r Idai and Kenneth (2019), 588, 590, 1208, 1362, \r 1377\r migration after, 52, 1084-1085\r pical forests, 2369-2410\r about, 2371-2372, 2374\r adaptation, 308, 2381-2388, 2384, 2389-2391\r adaptation assessment, 2385\r adaptation barriers, 2392-2393\r adaptation, combination of options, 2387\r adaptation, community-based, 2371, 2381, 2382\r adaptation costs and benefits, 2386-2387, \r 2389-2391\r adaptation, different scales of, 2384-2386, 2385\r adaptation, IKLK in, 2371, 2381, 2382-2383\r adaptive capacity, 2382-2383\r afforestation, 2374-2375\r agriculture and, 2371, 2372, 2375, 2376\r biodiversity, 2371, 2373-2374, 2374\r biome shifts, 2379\r browning, 2379\r carbon cycle, 2377, 2379, 2396\r [...]"


id: d599c9dfd68874a301a3d3fdf2ba71a7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34891
content:
"[...] carbon stocks, 250, 2377, 2379\r carbon stocks: becoming sources, 2377\r climate change impacts, 2371, 2372, 2373, \r 2376-2380, 2396-2397\r CO2 fertilisation, 2377\r current climate risks, 2378-2379\r current state of, 2372-2373, 2374\r deforestation, 249, 2371, 2374-2376, 2375\r deforestation: carbon emissions and, 249, 2375\r deforestation: climate responses, 2380\r deforestation: drivers of, 2375-2376, 2376\r deforestation: rate of, 2374-2375, 2375\r degradation of, 2375-2376\r droughts, 2377, 2378, 2378\r FAQ, 2396-2397\r feedbacks, 276\r fire and, 2378, 2378\r governance, 2371, 2387-2388\r impacts, current and projected, 2373, 2376-2380\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge, \r 2371, 2382-2383\r Indigenous Peoples in, 2380-2381\r interconnections, 2372, 2373\r land conversion, 272, 2372, 2375, 2378\r land use, 265, 2372, 2381, 2396-2397\r lianas and, 241\r livelihoods, 2372, 2380-2381, 2397\r observed changes2402412372"


id: cdf81eff9b9ae4798d4a8d935e57020
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 33570
content:
"sustainable development and, 910, 911, 912\r temperature and, 922-925, 923\r transitions (system transitions), 26-27, 2691-\r 2692, 2699, 2779-2781\r transnational networks, 967\r transportation, 955-956\r trees and forests, 309, 935\r vulnerabilities, 909, 928-930, 992, 1052\r wastewater, 586-587, 631, 655\r water demand, 616-617, 622\r water scarcity and security, 926, 1343-1344\r water systems, 2691, 2780-2781\r wind and, 927\r zoning, 942-943\r See also Cities; Urbanisation\r Urban heat islands (UHIs)*, 922-925, 952, 149\r 1533\r Urban planning, 26, 93-94, 909-910, 911, \r 1124-1125, 2440, 2779-2780\r action frameworks and, 911\r decision making in, 911\r IKLK and, 982\r provision of basic services, 26, 99\r SDGs and, 912\r shift to action, 910\r Urbanisation*, 53, 617, 911, 988-989\r adaptation and, 911, 1124-1125\r attributable impacts, 587\r climate change and, 1182\r climate resilient development and, 33, 911\r coastal areas, 68, 1214, 2167-2169\r flood risk, 925-926\r future risks, 1226\r global, 33, 911\r [...]"


id: 894017b8c891952a6e46c3059da290f9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 21318
content:
"[...] health risks, 1045\r in Himalayas/Hindu Kush, 983-984, 983\r megatrend, 991\r opportunities of, 34\r planetary, 914, 917-918\r population growth, 53, 909, 916-917\r poverty and, 921, 929\r projected risks, 15\r risks, 15, 55\r suburbanisation, 918\r unplanned, 53, 617, 909, 912, 1460\r vulnerability and, 14-15, 53\r water management and, 617\r water runoff and, 564\r Urgency, 31, 42, 127, 128-133, 146, 1203, \r 2596-2597, 2597\r decision making and, 2543\r for ecosystem protection/maintenance, 204\r for emissions reductions, 55, 2733\r FAQ, 180\r levels of, 2596-2597, 2597\r need for action, 127, 128-133, 180, 1651, 204\r 2048, 2596-2597, 2597, 2657\r Small Islands and, 2045, 2047, 2048\r timeline for action, 55-56, 204\r youth-led and social movements, 911, 912, \r 946-947, 963, 2418, 2720-2721"


id: 1a53efedeb2972ab3c922dbf3ae090a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 1830
content:
"ban areas*, 907-1040\r about: summary, 53-54, 65-66\r about: storyline figure, 80-81\r adaptation (See Urban adaptation)\r agriculture in, 799, 800\r air quality, 928, 939\r building design, 26, 953-954, 989, 1047\r cascading impacts*, 909, 916\r cascading risks, 909, 935-936\r case studies, 983-988\r climate interactions of, 922-928\r cold spells, 927\r Cross-Working Group Box (URBAN), 988-991\r cultural heritage/institutions, 947\r decision making, 910, 947\r definitions, 914-916, 915\r disproportionate impacts, 909\r as drivers of climate change, 989\r early warning systems, 944-946\r economic impacts, 909\r ecosystem fragmentation, 2691\r ecosystems, 309\r equity and justice in, 958-959\r expansion of, 917-918\r exposure, 53-54\r FAQs, 992-996\r fire and, 927-928\r flooding, 617, 925-926\r global trends, 916-917\r government/governance, 910, 913, 964, 973, 996\r green infrastructure, 910, 913, 925, 935, 2780\r green spaces, 289\r health and disease, 13, 1053\r health system infrastructure, 935\r [...]"


id: 6f3fe602f917e1565bc7bf3de9a239b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16836
content:
"[...] heat islands*, 922-925, 952\r housing, 934\r human population in, 80, 909, 912, 914\r impacts and risks, 910, 921-940\r informal settlements, 909, 911, 917\r infrastructure (See Infrastructure)\r interconnections, 34, 68, 91, 910, 916\r land use, 942-943, 959\r landslides, 927\r local adaptation, 964\r migration (of humans), 929-930\r morphology and design, 952-954, 974\r New Urban Agenda*, 40, 93-94, 911, 912, 920\r observed impacts, 53-54, 909\r observed impacts: water-related, 587-592\r planning (See Urban planning)\r poverty and, 80, 921, 929, 943-944, 1701, 1712, \r 1746\r projected risks, 65-66, 616-617\r resilience, 994\r risk reduction, 994, 995\r risks, 616-617, 909, 910, 921-940, 938-939, \r 993, 1052\r sanitation, 925, 934-935, 949-950, 956-957\r sea level rise, 53, 909\r social safety nets, 944\r solution space for policy action gap, 969-974, \r 972, 989-990"


id: fc485a40d07eb56e2e59f08ca5e5c6a9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 41754
content:
"V\r Vaccines, 1188, 1375\r Values and beliefs*, 99, 108, 1116, 2596, \r 2657-2658, 2661\r cultural values, 2546, 2547, 2567, 2596\r decision making and, 2546, 2547, 2567, 2568, \r 2578-2579, 2596, 2609\r resolving divergent views, 33\r Vector-borne diseases*, 51, 231, 232, 293, 585, \r 1062-1064, 1092-1095, 2427\r adaptation options, 27, 295, 1107-1108, 1107\r Africa, 1372-1373\r Arctic region, 45, 200\r Asia, 1460\r burden of, 1046\r Central and South America, 293, 1691, 1692, \r 1699, 1702, 1702, 1705, 1722\r chikungunya, 51, 1063, 1093-1094, 1702, 1710, \r 1969, 2427\r climate change impacts on, 200, 218-220, 234, \r 248-251, 261, 291-295\r Cross-Chapter Box (ILLNESS), 291-295\r dengue (See Dengue fever)\r El Nino and, 1373, 1702, 2064\r hosts for, 231\r Japanese encephalitis, 1063\r Lyme disease, 51, 64, 261, 1045, 1063-1064, \r 1090, 1094\r malaria (See Malaria)\r Nepal, 200, 232\r North America, 293, 1968, 1969-1970\r observed changes, 45, 51, 200, 218-220, 231, \r 292-293\r [...]"


id: e3251bd0d459a69868468426720bcdc6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37260
content:
"[...] projections for, 17, 64, 248-251, 261, 1046, \r 1092-1095, 1093\r range shift/expansion, 17, 45, 51, 64, 200, 234\r seasonal transmission, 64\r Small Islands, 2064\r tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), 1045, 1094, 1862\r See also Diseases; specific diseases\r Vegetation. See Forests; Plants; specific types of \r vegetation\r Venice, Italy, 1828-1829\r Vernalisation, 225\r Vibrio sp., 13, 64, 293-294, 382, 765, 789, 1094\r in Europe, 1841, 1862, 1863\r Vibrio cholerae, 292-294\r Vietnam\r dams in, 1209\r Mekong River/delta, 1487, 1489\r river flooding, 925\r Violent conflict, 17, 1048, 1087-1088\r gender impacts, 1045, 1088\r water-related, 593, 618, 622, 629-632, 1087\r See also Conflict\r Vision 2030 in Kenya, 2669-2670\r Vulnerability*, 135-136, 1052, 1193-1211, 1249\r about, 8, 43, 52-53\r about: summary, 14-22, 52-53\r about: storyline figure, 76-78\r adaptation limits and, 1222-1225\r aggregate, 1196"


id: b224af7034e42cef5d1f9d7fe5c175dd
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 28570
content:
"aspects and dimensions, 77, 1198-1199\r assessment (See Vulnerability assessment)\r capacity building needs, 68\r characteristics of vulnerable regions, 14\r climate impacts and, 1174\r complexity of, 52, 1177, 1177\r compound challenges, 1201\r COVID-19 and, 1047, 1175, 2661\r definition of, 43, 1251\r disproportionate, 52, 76, 928-930, 1050-1051, \r 1180-1181, 1249, 2657\r drivers of, 34, 2421-2422\r dynamic, multidimensionality of, 52-53\r elderly people, 172, 1053, 1107, 1174, 1181, 1206\r 1217\r exposure (See Exposure)\r extreme events, 217-218\r FAQs, 992, 1251-1252\r future, 1213-1227\r gender and, 1052-1057, 1052, 1192, 2701\r hazards and, 76-77, 1181\r health and well-being, 50, 1050-1059\r hotspots, 14, 1195-1204, 1198-1199\r human vulnerability, 14-22, 52-53, 65, 76-78\r indicators of, 1194-1195\r inequality and, 909, 2657\r interactions, 1177, 1249\r linkages, 82-83, 134, 1193-1194\r lock-in, 85\r maladaptation and, 85-86, 806, 807-809\r marginalised groups, 26, 29, 31, 33, 50, 52\r [...]"


id: d2697d4b1c11ff3e9f1fbe9431373996
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34376
content:
"[...] measurement/assessment, 1195\r observed impacts, 14-22, 52-53, 1200-1201\r past climate changes and (PALEO), 154-157\r planetary boundaries, exceedence of, 2661\r population in vulnerable locations, 52, 76, 80, \r 1174, 2657\r poverty and, 80-81, 929, 1174-1175, 1251\r projections, 14-15, 1213-1227, 1217\r rebound, 806\r reducing, 2415, 2668\r regions, 1251-1252\r relevance of, 1197\r risk and, 148-149, 1217\r by sectors and regions, 1052\r social vulnerability, 909\r state fragility and, 1201, 1202\r systematic, 1181\r transboundary, 82, 1200\r trends, 1201-1204\r violence and (See Conflicts)\r vulnerability reduction, 11, 1249\r See also Risk; specific regions and sectors\r nerability assessment, 1193-1211, 1198-1199\r global assessments, 1195-1197, 1196\r highly-vulnerable regions, 1197-1200\r indicators, 1194-1195\r INFORM Risk Index, 1196\r limits of, 1196-1197\r metrics, 1194-1195\r Reasons for Concern, 15, 2481-2485, 2482-2483\r nerable groups, 11, 17, 34, 49, 50, 76, 717, \r [...]"


id: 9566f83367001b03ccc22c315b775068
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 23485
content:
"sustainable development goals (SDGs) and, 558, \r 2729\r unfamiliar precipitation regimes, 555, 567, 619\r uses of (See Water uses)\r vulnerabilities, 556, 558\r water-energy-food (WEF) nexus, 655, 811, 1246, \r 1530-1531, 2769\r water-related hazards, 555-556\r water-related risks, 61, 556\r water security, 61-62, 558-565\r See also Hydrological cycle; Terrestrial and \r freshwater ecosystems; and other water \r entries\r ter adaptation, 23-26, 27, 74-75, 87-91, \r 556-557, 558, 622-654\r adaptation limits, 85, 557, 635, 649-652, 650\r agricultural sector, 622-625\r barriers to, 659\r benefits and co-benefits, 556, 557, 635-643\r case studies and examples, 638, 639-640, \r 642-643, 644\r communities and, 666-667\r costs of, 652-653\r current and future, compared, 647-649, 648\r economic outcomes, 642\r effectiveness, 556-557, 635-654\r effectiveness: aggregate assessment, 645\r effectiveness: future projections, 643-647\r environmental outcomes, 643\r ethics and, 557\r FAQs, 664-667\r feasibility, 2769, 2770, 2779\r [...]"


id: 2921fcd23a4368f3fd0d55b35f5b16a9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 4448
content:
"[...] financing, 656\r four Rs (reduce, remove, reuse and recycle), 631\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge in, \r 657-658\r institutional outcomes, 643\r integrated approach, 650\r losses and damages, 650-652, 651\r maladaptive outcomes, 557, 627-628, 638-643\r mitigation and, 653-654\r nature-based solutions (NbS)*, 632\r non-adaptation, losses due to, 652-653\r outcomes assessment, 557, 637-638, 642-643, \r 644\r participation, cooperative and bottom-up \r engagement, 658\r planning, 557\r policies/political support, 557\r political support for, 659\r polycentric governance and, 658-659\r responses, 622-637, 637, 640-641\r sociocultural outcomes, 643\r technologies for, 655-656\r top four responses, 637\r trade-offs and synergies, 653-654\r vulnerable people, outcomes for, 642\r water-related outcomes, 643\r water security and, 558-559\r ter availability, 16, 54, 559\r terborne diseases*, 382, 462-463, 558, \r 582-583, 616, 1064, 1065"


id: bfda4b8805379c41ffe0b024c6e99b1e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31039
content:
"adaptation needs, 101, 1174-1175\r adaptation options*, 1227-1238\r decision making and, 30, 1175\r disproportionate impacts, 76, 555, 564, 587, 717, \r 1174, 2657\r empowerment of, 27, 97\r global locations, 1052\r land deals and, 802-803, 803-804\r maladaptation and, 29, 85-86\r marginalised groups, 26, 29, 31, 33, 50, 52, 76\r participation of, 30, 31, 96\r partnerships with, 31, 34\r W\r Warming. See Global warming; Temperature\r WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene), 596-597, \r 616, 622\r adaptation, 627-628, 635, 640\r COVID-19 and, 628\r maladaptation potential, 627-628\r Wastewater, 586-587, 631\r four Rs (reduce, remove, reuse and recycle), 631\r management, 463, 587, 655\r treatment/reuse, 653, 655\r Water, 551-712\r about, 49-50, 555-557, 559\r about: storyline figure, 74-75\r access to, 558, 656, 2657\r adaptation (See Water adaptation)\r centrality of water security, 558-565\r climate change impacts (FAQ), 664-666\r climate resilient development and, 107, 558-565, \r 2729\r compound risks, 67-68\r [...]"


id: f54f5b0b18fc798c81bbb804953a82ce
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40529
content:
"[...] desalination, 624, 631, 653, 655, 1349\r disproportionate impacts, 555, 564, 587\r droughts (See Droughts)\r economy and, 556\r enabling principles, 107, 557, 654-659\r equity issues, 107\r FAQs, 660-667\r floods (See Floods)\r four Rs (reduce, remove, reuse and recycle), 631\r glaciers (See Glaciers)\r governance, 658-659\r groundwater (See Groundwater)\r health and, 558\r Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge and, \r 564\r key risks, 556, 619-622\r mitigation and, 557\r mountain regions, 2279-2280\r mountain regions: lowland dependence on, 2280, \r 2282, 2291-2292, 2301\r observed changes, 49-50, 555, 565-584, \r 566-567\r observed impacts, 46, 49-50, 555, 584-596\r precipitation (See Precipitation)\r projected changes, 16, 61-62, 556, 596-612\r projected sectoral impacts, 556, 558, 612-619\r regional changes and impacts, 621-622"


id: bc0a61191e549b8f1873e3e5f3bef9a1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 30320
content:
"indigenous responses, 1056-1057\r Mediterranean Region, 239, 245, 2235, 2237\r mental health effects, 1078\r mountain regions, 2281, 2284\r natural fire regimes, 310\r North America, 1948-1950, 1962, 1967, 1969\r observed changes, 11, 20-21, 201, 243-246, 281\r post-fire vegetation, 236, 2281\r projections, 22, 202, 271-272, 281, 1071, 1098\r regional changes, 244-246\r respiratory diseases and, 52\r risks, 50, 271-272, 280-281\r temperature and, 202, 272\r tropical forests, 2378, 2378\r water quality and, 582, 583\r See also Fires\r Wildlife\r actions to protect, 222\r host-parasite combinations, 261\r human-wildlife interactions, 57, 1054, 1339, 1481\r wildlife diseases, 51-52, 200, 233-236, 261\r Win-win approaches, 1240, 1528\r Wind, 927\r wind speeds: Asia, 1465, 1471\r wind speeds: Australasia, 1589, 1590\r Wind power, 461, 1246\r Wind towers, 953\r Wind turbines, 461\r Window of opportunity, 31, 32-33, 35, 102-107, \r 204, 2543, 2556, 2597-2598, 2662\r for CRD and SDGs, 31, 32-33, 35, 102-107, 2662\r [...]"


id: 3714fd42db0b631b5f6d7fbe60899d7b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6915
content:
"[...] for emissions reductions, 32-33, 204, 2683, 2685, \r 2733\r in Europe, 1821\r rapidly narrowing, 31, 32-33, 35, 204, 2658\r for system transitions, 2658\r Wine, 739, 1844\r Women. See Gender\r Woody encroachment, 47, 201, 238, 240, 275, 314\r Working Groups. See IPCC Working Groups\r World Heritage Sites, 1393\r Australasia, 300, 1595, 1625\r Mediterranean Region, 2235, 2248\r World Humanitarian Summit, 919, 920\r Worldviews, 31, 33, 108, 2711-2712, 2713"


id: c5e7058bc1d7ed0ad7e980c46b5e775d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32127
content:
"Cross-Chapter Box (ILLNESS), 291-295\r key risks, 2426-2427, 2462, 2467\r observed changes, 50, 51, 292-293, 1064-1065, \r 2426-2427\r projected impacts, 17, 64, 1046, 1095, 2462\r Water cycle. See Hydrological cycle*\r Water Funds, 961\r Water insecurity, 16, 558, 560-563\r population experiencing, 554, 558\r See also Water security\r Water management, 74-75, 90, 2779\r adaptation, 74-75, 2439-2440, 2769\r sustainable water management, 75, 90, \r 1301-1302\r Water pollution, 462, 939\r Water quality, 205, 277-278, 457, 461-463, \r 582-583\r drinking water, 278, 558, 579, 582, 586, 616\r observed changes, 468, 558, 582-583\r projected changes, 61, 611-612\r water pollution in cites, 462, 939\r Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WaSH), 596-597, \r 616, 622, 627-628, 635, 640\r COVID-19 and, 628\r Water scarcity, 11, 12, 46, 75, 555, 556, 560-563, \r 620, 765, 2464\r definitions of, 560\r human health and, 586-587\r observed impacts, 11, 12, 46, 49\r physical, 560\r populations experiencing, 49, 59, 555, 558, 561, \r [...]"


id: fa3309cb0c9f8e017df9651e83b63249
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 41388
content:
"[...] 563, 620\r temperature and, 558\r in urban areas, 926\r Water Scarcity Index (WSI), 560\r Water security*, 11, 49-50, 558-565, 560-563, \r 718, 2463-2464\r adaptation limits, 85\r centrality of, 557, 558-565\r definition of, 558\r enabling principles, 557, 654-659\r FAQs, 660, 666-667\r Global Water Security Index (GWSI)562-563"


id: f5fe876de49dfeec7951780e4e9e83f1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40637
content:
"coastal systems, 395\r Small Islands, 2045-2046, 2055, 2056, 2070, \r 2078\r See also Storm surge\r Weather events, attribution of, 152, 587\r Weather sensitivity, identification of, 2423\r Weeds, 57, 730, 1844\r Australasia, 1594, 1598, 1616, 1636, 1637\r Europe, 1844\r Well-being*, 1041-1170\r about, 1044-1059\r climate change impacts on, 63, 1046\r definition of, 1049\r as evaluation metric, 163\r Indigenous Peoples, 1054-1058\r Indigenous Peoples' perspectives on, 1629\r measures of, 163\r observed impacts, 48, 1076-1077\r subjective, 1049\r See also Health and well-being; Mental health\r West Nile fever, 51, 261, 1063, 1090, 1862, 1969, \r 2427\r Wetlands*, 463, 592, 632\r coastal, 62, 421-424, 422, 423\r Global Wetland Outlook, 592\r restoration, 23, 465, 634-635\r sea level rise and, 62\r species range shifts, 423-424, 592\r urban, 309\r Whales, 1947, 1952, 2332, 2336\r Wheat, 584-585, 1716, 1844, 1956\r nutritional quality, 1046\r observed impacts, 728-729, 732\r projected yields, 736-737, 1352, 1492, 1848\r [...]"


id: d3a37e1d1d3260eabd96eb3bc73fe96c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34571
content:
"[...] Wild foods, 758-760, 761-763, 1353-1354, 2380\r Wildfires, 20, 201, 202, 243-246, 247-248, 272, \r 280-281, 928\r adaptation/management, 289, 290, 310\r air pollution and diseases, 1045, 1054, 1071\r Amazonia, 244-245, 271-272, 1220-1221\r area burned, 11, 201, 202, 243-246, 247-248\r Asia, 1464, 1474, 1477, 1533\r attribution for, 1948\r Australasia, 589-590, 591, 1583, 1589, \r 1589-1590, 1594, 1599-1601\r cascading impacts, 83, 1600-1601\r Central and South America, 1704-1706, \r 1713-1715, 1718-1719, 1718\r Chile (mega-fires, 2017), 589, 591\r climate change and, 247-248\r compound risks, 67-68, 83\r costs (L&D), 245, 1583\r deforestation and, 201, 271-272\r displacement/migration and, 1085\r escalating impacts and risks, 1599-1601\r Europe, 272, 1835-1836, 1836\r extreme, 565\r FAQ, 247-248\r feedbacks, 275-276\r fire seasons, 201, 246, 250\r fire weather, 11, 62, 67, 1583, 1589, 1591, \r 1599-1600\r globally, 244"


id: a511947c90ada3a589ac51ef9ea4fb56
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26270
content:
"Chapters 6-12 (Energy systems; Agriculture, Forestry, and Other \r Land Uses (AFOLU); Urban systems and other settlements; Buildings; \r Transport; Industry; Cross-sectoral perspectives) assess the potential \r for emissions reductions in specific systems and sectors, taking into \r account trends in emissions and their key drivers, global and regional \r costs and potentials, links to climate adaptation and associated \r risks and co-benefits, and sector specific barriers, policies, financing \r and enabling conditions. Specificities include fugitive emissions \r and carbon capture and storage (Energy), provision of food, feed, \r fibre, wood, biomass for energy and other ecosystem services \r (AFOLU), demographic changes and urban form (Urban systems \r and other settlements), mitigation strategies including efficiency, \r sufficiency and renewables (Buildings), access to mobility (Transport), \r and resource efficiency (Industry). Chapter 12 (Cross-sectoral \r [...]"


id: d23afe1ae5e7207a1c7017139a5618bb
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34341
content:
"[...] perspectives) synthesises costs and potentials, and co-benefits and \r trade-offs, across sectors; it also addresses cross-cutting approaches \r such as carbon dioxide removal and mitigation opportunities in the \r food system."


id: d9eca9d1076c7c78dae6084ff08855dd
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35639
content:
"Chapters 13-16 address enabling conditions for mitigation action. \r Chapter 13 (National and sub-national policies and institutions) \r provides insights from national and subnational plans and \r strategies, including trends in legislation and institutions. Chapter \r 14 (International cooperation) assesses international cooperation \r and institutions, including linkages with non-climate organisations \r and processes, international sectoral agreements, and institutions \r for finance and investment and capacity building. Chapter 15 \r (Investment and finance) assesses scenarios of, and needs for, \r mitigation investment and financial flows, and the means of \r mobilising climate finance at the national and sub-national levels. \r Chapter 16 (Innovation, technology development and transfer) \r examines the role of innovation, technology development, diffusion \r and transfer in contributing to sustainable development and the aims \r [...]"


id: c93866dbbc634f33e3583da0219e1624
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32730
content:
"[...] of the Paris Agreement. It addresses specific challenges in emerging \r economies and least developed countries."


id: e8c91aeb74bef578a1196d2ebdd83e83
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38305
content:
"Jim Skea (United Kingdom), Priyadarshi R. Shukla (India), Andy Reisinger (New Zealand),\r Raphael Slade (United Kingdom),Minal Pathak (India),Alaa Al Khourdajie (United Kingdom/Syria),\r Renee van Diemen (the Netherlands/United Kingdom), Amjad Abdulla (Maldives), Keigo Akimoto\r (Japan), Mustafa Babiker (Sudan/Saudi Arabia), Quan Bai (China), Igor A. Bashmakov (the Russian\r Federation), Christopher Bataille (Canada), Goran Berndes (Sweden), Gabriel Blanco (Argentina),\r Kornelis Blok (the Netherlands), Mercedes Bustamante (Brazil), Edward Byers (Austria/Ireland),\r Luisa F. Cabeza (Spain), Katherine Calvin (the United States of America), Carlo Carraro (Italy),\r Leon Clarke (the United States of America), Annette Cowie (Australia), Felix Creutzig (Germany),\r Diriba Korecha Dadi (Ethiopia), Dipak Dasgupta (India), Heleen de Coninck (the Netherlands),\r Fatima Denton (the Gambia), Shobhakar Dhakal (Nepal/Thailand), Navroz K. Dubash (India),\r [...]"


id: 2785d68785ab4462273394b47e1989de
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"[...] Oliver  Geden (Germany), Michael Grubb (United Kingdom), Celine Guivarch (France),\r Shreekant  Gupta (India), Andrea N. Hahmann (Chile/Denmark), Kirsten Halsnaes (Denmark),\r Paulina Jaramillo (the United States of America), Kejun Jiang (China), Frank Jotzo (Australia),\r Tae Yong Jung (Republic of Korea), Suzana Kahn Ribeiro (Brazil), Smail Khennas (Algeria),\r Siir Kilkis (Turkey), Silvia Kreibiehl (Germany), Volker Krey (Germany/Austria), Elmar\r Kriegler (Germany), William F. Lamb (Germany/United Kingdom), Franck Lecocq (France),\r Shuaib  Lwasa (Uganda), Nagmeldin  Mahmoud (Sudan), Cheikh Mbow (Senegal), David\r McCollum (the United States of America), Jan Christoph Minx (Germany), Catherine\r Mitchell (United Kingdom), Rachid Mrabet (Morocco), Yacob Mulugetta (Ethiopia/\r United  Kingdom), Gert-Jan Nabuurs (the Netherlands), Gregory F. Nemet (the  United States\r of America/Canada), Peter Newman (Australia), Leila Niamir (Iran/Germany), Lars J.  Nilsson\r [...]"


id: 8f84caa496f3fb900b3e0f2169a0767
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"[...] (Sweden), Sudarmanto Budi Nugroho (Indonesia), Chukwumerije Okereke (Nigeria/\r United Kingdom), Shonali Pachauri (India), Anthony Patt (Switzerland), Ramon Pichs-Madruga\r (Cuba), Joana Portugal-Pereira (Brazil), Lavanya Rajamani (India), Keywan Riahi (Austria),\r Joyashree  Roy (India/Thailand), Yamina Saheb (France/Algeria), Roberto Schaeffer (Brazil),\r Karen C. Seto (the United States of America), Shreya Some (India), Linda Steg (the Netherlands),\r Ferenc  L.  Toth (Austria/Hungary), Diana Urge-Vorsatz (Hungary), Detlef P. van Vuuren\r (the  Netherlands), Elena  Verdolini (Italy), Purvi Vyas (India), Yi-Ming Wei (China), Mariama\r Williams (Jamaica/the United States of America), Harald Winkler (South Africa)."


id: 2225d35825d7ceab9d7f5c3d7df16861
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"Figure SPM.1 | Global net anthropogenic GHG emissions (GtCO2-eq yr-1) 1990-2019. Global net anthropogenic GHG emissions include CO2 from fossil fuel \r combustion and industrial processes (CO2-FFI); net CO2 from land use, land-use change and forestry (CO2-LULUCF)9\r ; methane (CH4); nitrous oxide (N2O); and fluorinated \r gases (HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3).6 Panel a shows aggregate annual global net anthropogenic GHG emissions by groups of gases from 1990 to 2019 reported in GtCO2-eq \r converted based on global warming potentials with a 100-year time horizon (GWP100-AR6) from the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report Working Group I (Chapter 7). \r The fraction of global emissions for each gas is shown for 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2019; as well as the aggregate average annual growth rate between these decades. \r At the right side of Panel a, GHG emissions in 2019 are broken down into individual components with the associated uncertainties (90% confidence interval) indicated by \r [...]"


id: b98e0d2b93f5177d71c6834dc3d7370
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"[...] the error bars: CO2-FFI +-8%; CO2-LULUCF +-70%; CH4 +-30%; N2O +-60%; F-gases +-30%; GHG +-11%. Uncertainties in GHG emissions are assessed in Supplementary \r Material 2.2. The single-year peak of emissions in 1997 was due to higher CO2-LULUCF emissions from a forest and peat fire event in South East Asia. Panel b shows \r global anthropogenic CO2-FFI, net CO2-LULUCF, CH4, N2O and F-gas emissions individually for the period 1990-2019, normalised relative to 100 in 1990. Note the \r different scale for the included F-gas emissions compared to other gases, highlighting its rapid growth from a low base. Shaded areas indicate the uncertainty range. \r Uncertainty ranges as shown here are specific for individual groups of greenhouse gases and cannot be compared. The table shows the central estimate for: absolute \r emissions in 2019; the absolute change in emissions between 1990 and 2019; and emissions in 2019 expressed as a percentage of 1990 emissions. {2.2, Figure 2.5, \r [...]"


id: 5fcfaacfb3d14bf1b2a9aaa6ef65bb81
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"Figure SPM.2 (continued): Regional GHG emissions, and the regional proportion of total cumulative production-based CO2 emissions from 1850 \r to 2019. Panel a shows global net anthropogenic GHG emissions by region (in GtCO2-eq yr-1 (GWP100-AR6)) for the time period 1990-2019.6 Percentage values \r refer to the contribution of each region to total GHG emissions in each respective time period. The single-year peak of emissions in 1997 was due to higher CO2-LULUCF \r emissions from a forest and peat fire event in South East Asia. Regions are as grouped in Annex II. Panel b shows the share of historical cumulative net anthropogenic \r CO2 emissions per region from 1850 to 2019 in GtCO2. This includes CO2 from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes (CO2-FFI) and net CO2 emissions from \r land use, land-use change, forestry (CO2-LULUCF). Other GHG emissions are not included.6\r  CO2-LULUCF emissions are subject to high uncertainties, reflected by \r [...]"


id: 8735f199f7382f8b98ec599a9e02eea2
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"[...] a global uncertainty estimate of +-70% (90% confidence interval). Panel c shows the distribution of regional GHG emissions in tonnes CO2-eq per capita by region in \r 2019. GHG emissions are categorised into: CO2-FFI; net CO2-LULUCF; and other GHG emissions (methane, nitrous oxide, fluorinated gases, expressed in CO2-eq using \r GWP100-AR6). The height of each rectangle shows per capita emissions, the width shows the population of the region, so that the area of the rectangles refers to the \r total emissions for each region. Emissions from international aviation and shipping are not included. In the case of two regions, the area for CO2-LULUCF is below the \r axis, indicating net CO2 removals rather than emissions. CO2-LULUCF emissions are subject to high uncertainties, reflected by a global uncertainty estimate of +-70% \r [...]"


id: 19f2d0505ff54e9591ede99c71aaba17
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
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content:
"[...] (90% confidence interval). Panel d shows population, GDP per person, emission indicators by region in 2019 for percentage GHG contributions, total GHG per person, \r and total GHG emissions intensity, together with production-based and consumption-based CO2-FFI data, which is assessed in this report up to 2018. Consumption-based \r emissions are emissions released to the atmosphere in order to generate the goods and services consumed by a certain entity (e.g., region). Emissions from international \r aviation and shipping are not included. {1.3, Figure 1.2, 2.2, Figure 2.9, Figure 2.10, Figure 2.11, Annex II} "


id: 13954904771844761402c918ff6da8d6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"a\r  Values in the table refer to the 50th and [5th-95th] percentile values across the pathways falling within a given category as defined in Box SPM.1. For emissions-related \r columns these values relate to the distribution of all the pathways in that category. Harmonised emissions values are given for consistency with projected global \r warming outcomes using climate emulators. Based on the assessment of climate emulators in AR6 WGI (WG1 Chapter 7, Box 7.1), two climate emulators are used for \r the probabilistic assessment of the resulting warming of the pathways. For the 'Temperature change' and 'Likelihood' columns, the single upper-row values represent \r the 50th percentile across the pathways in that category and the median [50th percentile] across the warming estimates of the probabilistic MAGICC climate model \r emulator. For the bracketed ranges, the median warming for every pathway in that category is calculated for each of the two climate model emulators (MAGICC and \r [...]"


id: cf19a2ef5e32b3bb66c38383517ba636
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"[...] FaIR). Subsequently, the 5th and 95th percentile values across all pathways for each emulator are calculated. The coolest and warmest outcomes (i.e., the lowest p5 of \r two emulators, and the highest p95, respectively) are shown in square brackets. These ranges therefore cover both the uncertainty of the emissions pathways as well as \r the climate emulators' uncertainty."


id: 2cdd14d94494cc4ce27b57e48e09c5dd
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"A wide range of modelled global emission pathways and scenarios from the literature is assessed in this report, including \r pathways and scenarios with and without mitigation.44 Emissions pathways and scenarios project the evolution of GHG \r emissions based on a set of internally consistent assumptions about future socio-economic conditions and related mitigation \r measures.45 These are quantitative projections and are neither predictions nor forecasts. Around half of all modelled global \r emission scenarios assume cost-effective approaches that rely on least-cost emission abatement options globally. The other \r half look at existing policies and regionally and sectorally differentiated actions. Most do not make explicit assumptions about \r global equity, environmental justice or intra-regional income distribution. Global emission pathways, including those based \r [...]"


id: e6dfe3b217544f5e559a48b02d24b0dc
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"[...] on cost-effective approaches, contain regionally differentiated assumptions and outcomes, and have to be assessed with the \r careful recognition of these assumptions. This assessment focuses on their global characteristics. The majority of the assessed \r scenarios (about 80%) have become available since the SR1.5, but some were assessed in that report. Scenarios with and \r without mitigation were categorised based on their projected global warming over the 21st century, following the same scheme \r as in the SR1.5 for warming up to and including 2degC. {1.5, 3.2, 3.3, Annex III.II.2, Annex III.II.3}"


id: d0699643d96e6259d6cdfde791578af0
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"The large number of global emissions scenarios assessed, including 1202 scenarios with projected global warming outcomes \r using climate emulators, come from a wide range of modelling approaches. They include the five illustrative scenarios (Shared \r Socio-economic Pathways; SSPs) assessed by WGI for their climate outcomes but cover a wider and more varied set in terms \r of assumptions and modelled outcomes. For this assessment, Illustrative Mitigation Pathways (IMPs) were selected from this \r larger set to illustrate a range of different mitigation strategies that would be consistent with different warming levels. The IMPs \r illustrate pathways that achieve deep and rapid emissions reductions through different combinations of mitigation strategies. \r The IMPs are not intended to be comprehensive and do not address all possible themes in the underlying report. They differ in \r [...]"


id: c111c3c0cdccf26b2708e1d751220294
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"[...] terms of their focus, for example, placing greater emphasis on renewables (IMP-Ren), deployment of carbon dioxide removal \r that results in net negative global GHG emissions (IMP-Neg), and efficient resource use as well as shifts in consumption patterns \r globally, leading to low demand for resources, while ensuring a high level of services and satisfying basic needs (IMP-LD) (Figure \r SPM.5). Other IMPs illustrate the implications of a less rapid introduction of mitigation measures followed by a subsequent \r gradual strengthening (IMP-GS), and how shifting global pathways towards sustainable development, including by reducing \r inequality, can lead to mitigation (IMP-SP). The IMPs reach different climate goals as indicated in Table SPM.2 and Box SPM.1, \r Figure 1. {1.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.6, Figure 3.7, Figure 3.8, Box 3.4, Annex III.II.2.4}"


id: 47354d75a4463d75da23b078b0f6976d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"Figure SPM.5 (continued): Illustrative Mitigation Pathways (IMPs) and net zero CO2 and GHG emissions strategies. Panels a  and b  show the \r development of global GHG and CO2 emissions in modelled global pathways (upper sub-panels) and the associated timing of when GHG and CO2 emissions reach net \r zero (lower sub-panels). Panels c and d show the development of global CH4 and N2O emissions, respectively. Coloured ranges denote the 5th to 95th percentile across \r pathways. The red ranges depict emissions pathways assuming policies that were implemented by the end of 2020 and pathways assuming implementation of NDCs \r (announced prior to COP26). Ranges of modelled pathways that limit warming to 1.5degC (>50%) with no or limited overshoot are shown in light blue (category C1) and \r pathways that limit warming to 2degC (>67%) are shown in light purple (category C3). The grey range comprises all assessed pathways (C1-C8) from the 5th percentile \r [...]"


id: 1bd530c23e8de166d1f8cbca01626615
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"[...] of the lowest warming category (C1) to the 95th percentile of the highest warming category (C8). The modelled pathway ranges are compared to the emissions from \r two pathways illustrative of high emissions (CurPol and ModAct) and five IMPs: IMP-LD, IMP-Ren, IMP-SP, IMP-Neg and IMP-GS. Emissions are harmonised to the same \r 2015 base year. The vertical error bars in 2015 show the 5-95th percentile uncertainty range of the non-harmonised emissions across the pathways, and the uncertainty \r range, and median value, in emission estimates for 2015 and 2019. The vertical error bars in 2030 (panel a) depict the assessed range of the NDCs, as announced prior \r to COP26 (Figure SPM.4).23 Panel e shows the sectoral contributions of CO2 and non-CO2 emissions sources and sinks at the time when net zero CO2 emissions are \r reached in the IMPs. Positive and negative emissions for different IMPs are compared to the GHG emissions from the year 2019. Energy supply (neg.) includes BECCS \r [...]"


id: 5b3cd74f3135fed9a035042492fbd112
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"[...] and DACCS. DACCS features in only two of the five IMPs (IMP-REN and IMP-GS) and contributes <1% and 64%, respectively, to the net negative emissions in Energy \r Supply (neg.). Panel f shows the contribution of different sectors and sources to the emissions reductions from a 2019 baseline for reaching net zero GHG emissions. \r Bars denote the median emissions reductions for all pathways that reach net zero GHG emissions. The whiskers indicate the p5-p95 range. The contributions of the \r service sectors (transport, buildings, industry) are split into direct (demand-side) as well as indirect (supply-side) CO2 emissions reductions. Direct emissions represent \r demand-side emissions due to the fuel use in the respective demand sector. Indirect emissions represent upstream emissions due to industrial processes and energy \r [...]"


id: 2d62a5592d78689965e3ff372b536cb1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"[...] conversion, transmission and distribution. In addition, the contributions from the LULUCF sector and reductions from non-CO2 emissions sources (green and grey bars) \r are displayed. {3.3, 3.4}"


id: e9781a9e2230daf953155805df43c50a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"Figure SPM.6 | Indicative potential of demand-side mitigation options by 2050. Figure SPM.6 covers the indicative potential of demand-side options for the \r year 2050. Figure SPM.7 covers cost and potentials for the year 2030. Demand-side mitigation response options are categorised into three broad domains: 'socio-cultural \r factors', associated with individual choices, behaviour, lifestyle changes, social norms, and culture; 'infrastructure use', related to the design and use of supporting hard \r and soft infrastructure that enables changes in individual choices and behaviour; and 'end-use technology adoption', referring to the uptake of technologies by end-users. \r Demand-side mitigation is a central element of the IMP-LD and IMP-SP scenarios (Figure SPM.5). Panel a (Nutrition) demand-side potentials in 2050 assessment is \r [...]"


id: 92893a08810321d0c55d539ba60fdc51
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"[...] based on bottom-up studies and is estimated following the 2050 baseline for the food sector presented in peer-reviewed literature (more information in Supplementary \r Material 5.II, and Section 7.4.5). Panel b (Manufactured products, mobility, shelter) the assessment of potentials for total emissions in 2050 are estimated based on \r approximately 500 bottom-up studies representing all global regions (detailed list is in Supplementary Material Table 5.SM.2). Baseline is provided by the sectoral mean \r GHG emissions in 2050 of the two scenarios consistent with policies announced by national governments until 2020. The heights of the coloured columns represent the \r potentials represented by the median value. These are based on a range of values available in the case studies from literature shown in Supplementary Material 5.SM.II. \r [...]"


id: d26c954028f9399e29ee2ce36060f34e
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"[...] The range is shown by the dots connected by dotted lines representing the highest and the lowest potentials reported in the literature. Panel a shows the demand-side \r potential of socio-cultural factors and infrastructure use. The median value of direct emissions (mostly non-CO2) reduction through socio-cultural factors is 1.9 GtCO2-eq \r without considering land-use change through reforestation of freed up land. If changes in land-use pattern enabled by this change in food demand are considered, \r the indicative potential could reach 7 GtCO2-eq. Panel b illustrates mitigation potential in industry, land transport and buildings end-use sectors through demand-side \r options. Key options are presented in the summary table below the figure and the details are in Supplementary Material Table 5.SM.2. Panel c visualises how sectoral \r [...]"


id: 37659404d9c3c3fc97ac413f52963753
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"[...] demand-side mitigation options (presented in panel b) change demand on the electricity distribution system. Electricity accounts for an increasing proportion of final \r energy demand in 2050 (additional electricity bar) in line with multiple bottom-up studies (detailed list is in Supplementary Material Table 5.SM.3), and Chapter 6 \r (Section 6.6). These studies are used to compute the impact of end-use electrification which increases overall electricity demand. Some of the projected increase in \r electricity demand can be avoided through demand-side mitigation options in the domains of socio-cultural factors and infrastructure use in end-use electricity use \r in buildings, industry, and land transport found in literature based on bottom-up assessments. Dark grey columns show the emissions that cannot be avoided through \r demand-side mitigation options. {5.3, Figure 5.7, Supplementary Material 5.SM.II}"


id: 49c17c55cb8f4184f923061f6b58a80f
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"Figure SPM.7 (continued): Overview of mitigation options and their estimated ranges of costs and potentials in 2030. Costs shown are net lifetime \r costs of avoided greenhouse gas emissions. Costs are calculated relative to a reference technology. The assessments per sector were carried out using a common \r methodology, including definition of potentials, target year, reference scenarios, and cost definitions. The mitigation potential (shown in the horizontal axis) is the \r quantity of net GHG emission reductions that can be achieved by a given mitigation option relative to a specified emission baseline. Net GHG emission reductions are \r the sum of reduced emissions and/or enhanced sinks. The baseline used consists of current policy (around 2019) reference scenarios from the AR6 scenarios database \r (25/75 percentile values). The assessment relies on approximately 175 underlying sources, that together give a fair representation of emission reduction potentials across \r [...]"


id: ee6bf26bd52436153764e254fbff6886
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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"[...] all regions. The mitigation potentials are assessed independently for each option and are not necessarily additive. {12.2.1, 12.2.2} The length of the solid bars represents \r the mitigation potential of an option. The error bars display the full ranges of the estimates for the total mitigation potentials. Sources of uncertainty for the cost estimates \r include assumptions on the rate of technological advancement, regional differences, and economies of scale, among others. Those uncertainties are not displayed in \r the figure. Potentials are broken down into cost categories, indicated by different colours (see legend). Only discounted lifetime monetary costs are considered. Where \r a gradual colour transition is shown, the breakdown of the potential into cost categories is not well known or depends heavily on factors such as geographical location, \r [...]"


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content:
"[...] resource availability, and regional circumstances, and the colours indicate the range of estimates. Costs were taken directly from the underlying studies (mostly in the \r period 2015-2020) or recent datasets. No correction for inflation was applied, given the wide cost ranges used. The cost of the reference technologies were also taken \r from the underlying studies and recent datasets. Cost reductions through technological learning are taken into account.69"


id: 47bc8e6ea275c389c2df2984d08e9b43
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"Figure SPM.8 (continued): Synergies and trade-offs between sectoral and system mitigation options and the SDGs. The sectoral chapters (Chapters 6-11) \r include qualitative assessments of synergies and trade-offs between sectoral mitigation options and the SDGs. Figure SPM.8 presents a summary of the chapter-level \r assessment for selected mitigation options (see Supplementary Material Table 17.SM.1 for the underlying assessment). The last column provides a line of sight to the \r sectoral chapters, which provide details on context specificity and dependence of interactions on the scale of implementation. Blank cells indicate that interactions have not \r been assessed due to limited literature. They do not indicate the absence of interactions between mitigation options and the SDGs. Confidence levels depend on the quality \r [...]"


id: ec4e1c46561091764c36aec28f0923bc
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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content:
"[...] of evidence and level of agreement in the underlying literature assessed by the sectoral chapters. Where both synergies and trade-offs exist, the lower of the confidence \r levels for these interactions is used. Some mitigation options may have applications in more than one sector or system. The interactions between mitigation options and the \r SDGs might differ depending on the sector or system, and also on the context and the scale of implementation. Scale of implementation particularly matters when there \r is competition for scarce resources. {6.3, 6.4, 6.7, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 8.2, 8.4, 8.6, Figure 8.4, Supplementary Material Table 8.SM.1, Supplementary Material Table 8.SM.2, \r 9.4, 9.5, 9.8, Table 9.5, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.8, Table 10.3, 11.5, 12.5, 17.3, Figure 17.1, Supplementary Material Table 17.SM.1, Annex II.IV.12}"


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"Amjad Abdulla (Maldives), Alaa Al Khourdajie (United Kingdom/Syria), Mustafa Babiker (Sudan/\r Saudi Arabia), Quan Bai (China), Igor A. Bashmakov (the Russian Federation), Christopher Bataille \r (Canada), Goran Berndes (Sweden), Gabriel Blanco (Argentina), Luisa  F.  Cabeza (Spain), \r Carlo  Carraro (Italy), Leon Clarke (the United States of America), Heleen de Coninck \r (the  Netherlands), Felix  Creutzig (Germany), Diriba Korecha Dadi (Ethiopia), Fatima  Denton \r (the Gambia), Shobhakar Dhakal (Nepal/Thailand), Renee van Diemen (the Netherlands/United \r Kingdom), Navroz K. Dubash (India), Amit Garg (India), Oliver Geden (Germany), Michael Grubb \r (United Kingdom), Celine Guivarch (France), Kirsten Halsnaes (Denmark), Paulina Jaramillo (the \r United States of America), Tae Yong Jung (Republic of Korea), Suzana Kahn Ribeiro (Brazil), Siir Kilkis \r (Turkey), Alexandre Koberle (Brazil/United Kingdom), Silvia Kreibiehl (Germany), Elmar Kriegler \r [...]"


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"[...] (Germany), William F. Lamb (Germany/United Kingdom), Franck Lecocq (France), Shuaib Lwasa \r (Uganda), Nagmeldin  Mahmoud (Sudan), Eric Masanet (the United States of America), David \r McCollum (the United States of America), Jan Christoph  Minx (Germany), Catherine Mitchell \r (United Kingdom), Kanako  Morita (Japan), Rachid Mrabet (Morocco), Gert-Jan Nabuurs (the \r Netherlands), Peter Newman (Australia), Leila Niamir (Iran/Germany), Lars J. Nilsson (Sweden), \r Chukwumerije Okereke (Nigeria/United Kingdom), Anthony Patt (Switzerland), Joana Portugal\u0002Pereira (Brazil), Lavanya  Rajamani (India), Andy  Reisinger (New Zealand), Keywan Riahi \r (Austria), Joyashree Roy (India/Thailand), Ambuj Sagar (India), Yamina Saheb (France/Algeria), \r Roberto Schaeffer (Brazil), Karen  C.  Seto (the United States of America), Pete Smith (United \r Kingdom), Shreya Some (India), Benjamin K. Sovacool (Denmark/United Kingdom), Linda Steg \r [...]"


id: 1af0c9cada8df464b65326e9a6c04e36
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 1937
content:
"[...] (the Netherlands), Massimo Tavoni (Italy), Ferenc L. Toth (Austria/Hungary), Purvi Vyas (India), \r Yi-Ming Wei (China), Jake  Whitehead (Australia), Thomas Wiedmann (Australia/Germany), \r Harald Winkler (South Africa)"


id: 771fdf9f01ef36f3067c9a74097b9b41
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 18156
content:
"The global science and policy landscape on climate change mitigation \r has evolved since AR5. The development of the literature reflects, \r among other factors, the UN Framework Convention on Climate \r Change (UNFCCC), the outcomes of its Kyoto Protocol and the goals \r of the Paris Agreement {13, 14, 15}, and the UN 2030 Agenda for \r Sustainable Development {1, 4, 17}. Literature further highlights \r the growing role of non-state and sub-national actors in the global \r effort to address climate change, including cities, businesses, citizens, \r transnational initiatives and public-private entities {5, 8, 13}. It draws \r attention to the decreasing cost of some low-emission technologies \r {2, 6, 12} and the evolving role of international cooperation {14}, \r finance {15} and innovation {16}. Emerging literature examines the \r global spread of climate policies, strengthened mitigation actions \r in developing countries, sustained reductions in greenhouse gas \r [...]"


id: 6b4db50db93c96814fd6678485784dea
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
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content:
"[...] (GHG) emissions in some developed countries and the continuing \r challenges for mitigation. {2, 13} "


id: 7a9a5f845ae399f7220873e0331a018a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 18764
content:
"Accelerating mitigation to prevent dangerous anthropogenic \r interference with the climate system will require the integration \r of broadened assessment frameworks and tools that combine \r multiple perspectives, applied in a  context of multi-level \r governance (high confidence). Analysing a challenge on the scale \r of fully decarbonising our economies entails integration of multiple \r analytic frameworks. Approaches to risk assessment and resilience, \r established across IPCC Working Groups, are complemented by \r frameworks for probing the challenges in implementing mitigation. \r Aggregate frameworks include cost-effectiveness analysis towards \r given objectives, and cost-benefit analysis, both of which have been \r developing to take fuller account of advances in understanding risks \r and innovation, the dynamics of sectors and systems and of climate \r impacts, and welfare economic theory including growing consensus \r [...]"


id: f43ad607676cbe4d65e7aa4e0d45b887
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40337
content:
"[...] on long-term discounting. Ethical frameworks consider the fairness \r of processes and outcomes which can help ameliorate distributional \r impacts across income groups, countries and generations. Transition \r and transformation frameworks explain and evaluate the dynamics of \r transitions to low-carbon systems arising from interactions amongst \r levels. Psychological, behavioural and political frameworks outline the \r constraints (and opportunities) arising from human psychology and \r the power of incumbent interests. A comprehensive understanding \r of climate mitigation must combine these multiple frameworks. \r Together with established risk frameworks, these collectively help \r to explain potential synergies and trade-offs in mitigation, implying \r a need for a wide portfolio of policies attuned to different actors and \r levels of decision-making, and underpin 'just transition' strategies in \r diverse contexts. {1.2.2, 1.7, 1.8, Figure 1.7}"


id: d67be13d87f694c3702aa81c80576183
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35042
content:
"Effective and equitable climate policies are largely compatible \r with the broader goal of sustainable development and efforts \r to eradicate poverty as enshrined in the UN 2030 Agenda for \r Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development \r Goals (SDGs), notwithstanding trade-offs in some cases \r (high  confidence). Taking urgent action to combat climate \r change and its impacts is one of the 17 SDGs (SDG 13). However, \r climate change mitigation also has synergies and/or trade-offs with \r many other SDGs. There has been a  strong relationship between \r development and GHG emissions, as historically both per-capita \r and absolute emissions have risen with industrialisation. However, \r recent evidence shows countries can grow their economies while \r reducing emissions. Countries have different priorities in achieving \r the SDGs and reducing emissions as informed by their respective \r national conditions and capabilities. Given the differences in GHG \r [...]"


id: ac48d13869c393c3e3428bccc277cdf9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27554
content:
"[...] emissions contributions, degree of vulnerability and impacts, as well \r as capacities within and between nations, equity and justice are \r important considerations for effective climate policy and for securing \r national and international support for deep decarbonisation. \r Achieving sustainable development and eradicating poverty would \r involve effective and equitable climate policies at all levels from local \r to global scale. Failure to address questions of equity and justice \r over time can undermine social cohesion and stability. International \r cooperation can enhance efforts to achieve ambitious global climate \r mitigation in the context of sustainable development. Pathways \r that illustrate movement towards fulfilling the SDGs are shown in \r Figure TS.1. {1.4, 1.6, Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 17}"


id: 5025bc3f925a91b6ef3d650fd716b497
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
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content:
"The speed, direction, and depth of any transition will be \r determined by choices in the environmental, technological, \r economic, socio-cultural and institutional realms (high \r confidence). Transitions in specific systems can be gradual or can \r be rapid and disruptive. The pace of a  transition can be impeded \r by 'lock-in' generated by existing physical capital, institutions, and \r social norms. The interaction between politics, economics and power \r relationships is central to explaining why broad commitments do not \r always translate to urgent action. At the same time, attention to, and \r support for, climate policies and low-carbon societal transitions has \r generally increased, as the impacts have become more salient. Both \r public and private financing and financial structures strongly affect \r the scale and balance of high- and low-carbon investments. Societal \r and behavioural norms, regulations and institutions are essential \r [...]"


id: 571ca007671f3251ab5f4082483fb999
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 12579
content:
"[...] conditions to accelerate low-carbon transitions in multiple sectors, \r whilst addressing distributional concerns endemic to any major \r transition. The COVID-19 pandemic has also had far-reaching impacts \r on the global economic and social system, and recovery will present \r both challenges and opportunities for climate mitigation. (Box TS.1) \r {1.3, Box 1.1, 1.4, 1.8, Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 17} "


id: 51d53e1a7bf8515c6191e70419cf4e06
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 11684
content:
"Figure TS.1 | Sustainable development pathways towards fulfilling the Sustainable Development Goals. The graph shows global average per-capita GHG \r emissions (vertical axis) and relative 'Historic Index of Human Development' (HIHD) levels (horizonal) have increased globally since the industrial revolution (grey line). \r The bubbles on the graph show regional per-capita GHG emissions and human development levels in the year 2015, illustrating large disparities. Pathways towards fulfilling the \r Paris Agreement (and SDG 13) involve global average per-capita GHG emissions below about 5 tCO2-eq by 2030. Likewise, to fulfil SDGs 3, 4 and 8, HIHD levels (see footnote 7 \r in Chapter 1) need to be at least 0.5 or greater. This suggests a 'sustainable development zone' for year 2030 (in pale brown); the in-figure text also suggests a 'sustainable \r [...]"


id: 9900161d6d47bf2dbfee5b6510b51c7d
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 24135
content:
"[...] development corridor', where countries limit per-capita GHG emissions while improving levels of human development over time. The emphasis of pathways into the sustainable \r development zone differ (dashed brown arrows), but in each case transformations are needed in how human development is attained while limiting GHG emissions."


id: ad0726882d2edac907da5f91f4bf7638
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 27680
content:
"Figure TS.2 | Global net anthropogenic GHG emissions (GtCO2-eq yr-1) 1990-2019. Global net anthropogenic GHG emissions include CO2 from fossil fuel combustion \r and industrial processes (CO2-FFI); net CO2 from land use, land-use change and forestry (CO2-LULUCF)5; methane (CH4); nitrous oxide (N2O); and fluorinated gases (HFCs, PFCs, \r SF6, NF3).6 Panel a shows aggregate annual global net anthropogenic GHG emissions by groups of gases from 1990 to 2019 reported in GtCO2-eq converted based on global \r warming potentials with a 100-year time horizon (GWP100-AR6) from the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report Working Group I (Chapter 7). The fraction of global emissions for each \r gas is shown for 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2019; as well as the aggregate average annual growth rate between these decades. At the right side of Panel a, GHG emissions in \r [...]"


id: 31408361985af9db7897a49309bad9f9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 5917
content:
"[...] 2019 are broken down into individual components with the associated uncertainties (90% confidence interval) indicated by the error bars: CO2-FFI +-8%; CO2-LULUCF +-70%; \r CH4 +-30%; N2O +-60%; F-gases +-30%; GHG +-11%. Uncertainties in GHG emissions are assessed in Supplementary Material 2.2. The single-year peak of emissions in 1997 \r was due to higher CO2-LULUCF emissions from a forest and peat fire event in South East Asia. Panel b shows global anthropogenic CO2-FFI, net CO2-LULUCF, CH4, N2O and \r F-gas emissions individually for the period 1990-2019, normalised relative to 100 in 1990. Note the different scale for the included F-gas emissions compared to other gases, \r highlighting its rapid growth from a low base. Shaded areas indicate the uncertainty range. Uncertainty ranges as shown here are specific for individual groups of greenhouse \r [...]"


id: a435e9032c3ca93c1d0ee41c7ee572ab
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26082
content:
"[...] gases and cannot be compared. The table shows the central estimate for: absolute emissions in 2019; the absolute change in emissions between 1990 and 2019; and emissions \r in 2019 expressed as a percentage of 1990 emissions. {2.2, Figure 2.5, Supplementary Material 2.2, Figure TS.2}"


id: 8117be63f6cd8e3374ad29ee76d7dae7
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 19849
content:
"Starting in the spring of 2020 a major break in global emissions trends was observed due to lockdown policies implemented in \r response to the pandemic. Overall, global CO2-FFI emissions are estimated to have declined by 5.8% (5.1-6.3%) in 2020, or about \r 2.2 (1.9-2.4%) GtCO2 in total. This exceeds any previous global emissions decline since 1970 both in relative and absolute terms \r (Box TS.1, Figure 1). During periods of economic lockdown, daily emissions, estimated based on activity and power-generation data, \r declined substantially compared to 2019, particularly in April 2020 - as shown in Box TS.1, Figure 1 - but rebounded by the end of \r 2020. Impacts were differentiated by sector, with road transport and aviation particularly affected. Different databases estimate \r the total power-sector CO2 reduction from 2019 to 2020 at 3% (IEA7\r ) and 4.5% (EDGAR8). Approaches that predict near real-time \r [...]"


id: fb6fe215e4fc9d6811bb662915e9f373
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
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content:
"[...] estimates of the power-sector reduction are more uncertain and estimates range more widely between 1.8%, 4.1% and 6.8%, the \r latter taking into account the over-proportional reduction of coal generation due to low gas prices and merit order effects."


id: 43119be36032b0f7c9dfd9fffa5838e6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 9002
content:
"Figure TS.4 (continued): Emissions have grown in most regions, although some countries have achieved sustained emission reductions in line with \r 2degC scenarios. Change in regional GHG emissions and rates of change compatible with warming targets. Panel (a): Regional GHG emission trends (in GtCO2-eq yr -1\r (GWP100; AR6) for the time period 1990-2019. Panel (b): Historical GHG emissions change by region (2010-2019). Circles depict countries, scaled by total emissions in 2019, \r short horizontal lines depict the average change by region. Also shown are global rates of reduction over the period 2020-2040 in scenarios assessed in AR6 that limit global \r warming to 1.5degC and 2degC with different probabilities. The 5-95th percentile range of emissions changes for scenarios below 1.5degC with no or limited overshoot (scenario \r [...]"


id: 2167a58d6c4b6455f81b31be1a0fdad6
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 3088
content:
"[...] category C1) and scenarios below 2degC (>67%) with immediate action (scenario category C3a) are shown as a shaded area with a horizontal line at the mean value. Panel b \r excludes CO2 LULUCF due to a lack of consistent historical national data, and International Shipping and Aviation, which cannot be allocated to regions. Global rates of reduction \r in scenarios are shown for illustrative purposes only and do not suggest rates of reduction at the regional or national level. {Figures 2.9 and 2.11}"


id: f3e428b4bcfcac63d6ecda8b437b35ac
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40287
content:
"The choice of metric can affect the timing and emphasis placed on reducing emissions of short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) relative to \r CO2 within multi-gas abatement strategies as well as the costs of such strategies. Different metric choices can also alter the time at \r which net zero GHG emissions are calculated to be reached for any given emissions scenario. A wide range of GHG emission metrics \r has been published in the scientific literature, which differ in terms of: (i) the key measure of climate change they consider, (ii) whether \r they consider climate outcomes for a specified point in time or integrated over a specified time horizon, (iii) the time horizon over \r which the metric is applied, (iv) whether they apply to a single emission pulse, to emissions sustained over a period of time, or to \r a combination of both, and (v) whether they consider the climate effect from an emission compared to the absence of that emission, \r [...]"


id: 932a1392b617c9e1afbf11f9b02d7c66
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 23097
content:
"However, GWP100 is not well-suited to estimate the cumulative effect on climate from sustained SLCF emissions and the resulting \r warming at specific points in time. This is because the warming caused by an individual SLCF emission pulse is not permanent, and \r hence, unlike CO2, the warming from successive SLCF emission pulses over multiple decades or centuries depends mostly on their \r ongoing rate of emissions rather than cumulative emissions. Recently developed step/pulse metrics such as the CGTP (combined \r global temperature change potential) and GWP* (referred to as GWP-star and indicated by an asterisk) recognise that a sustained \r increase/decrease in the rate of SLCF emissions has indeed a  similar effect on global surface temperature as one-off emission/\r removal of CO2. These metrics use this relationship to calculate the CO2 emissions or removals that would result in roughly the same \r [...]"


id: 4d2af4fb604d8d981d02a10a604d7752
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 10853
content:
"[...] temperature change as a sustained change in the rate of SLCF emissions (CGTP) over a given time period, or as a varying time series \r of CH4 emissions (GWP*). IFrom a mitigation perspective, this makes these metrics well-suited in principle to estimate the effect on the \r remaining carbon budget from more, or less, ambitious SLCF mitigation over multiple decades compared to a given reference scenario \r (high confidence). However, potential application in wider climate policy (e.g., to inform equitable and ambitious emission targets or \r to support sector-specific mitigation policies) is contested and relevant literature still limited."


id: 5a675088ff83147b97f382bca353f62c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 13161
content:
"Figure TS.5 | Global emissions are distributed unevenly, both in the present day and cumulatively since 1850. Panel (a) shows the distribution of regional \r GHG emissions in tonnes CO2-eq per capita by region in 2019. GHG emissions are categorised into: CO2 fossil fuel and industry (CO2-FFI); CO2 land use, land-use change and \r forestry (CO2-LULUCF); and other GHG emissions (CH4, nitrous oxide, F-gas, expressed in CO2-eq using GWP100). The height of each rectangle shows per-capita emissions, the \r width shows the population of the region, so that the area of the rectangles refers to the total emissions for each regional. Percentages refer to overall GHG contributions to \r total global emissions in 2019. Emissions from international aviation and shipping are not included. Panel (b) shows the share of historical net CO2 emissions per region \r [...]"


id: 33f5e79c32afd7b34f79a13f1a899ea4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 6387
content:
"[...] from 1850 to 2019. This includes CO2-FFI and CO2-LULUCF (GtCO2). Other GHG emissions are not included. Emissions from international aviation and shipping are included. \r Panel (c) shows population, GDP per person, emission indicators by region in 2019 for percentage GHG contributions, total GHG per person, and total GHG emissions intensity, \r together with production-based and consumption-based CO2-FFI data, which is assessed in this report up to 2018. Consumption-based emissions are emissions released to \r the atmosphere in order to generate the goods and services consumed by a certain entity (e.g., region). Emissions from international aviation and shipping are not included. \r {1.3, Figure 1.2a, 2.2, Figure 2.10}"


id: b90dc036e5d47a182b4fe5bfab854837
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 29761
content:
"Globally, GHG emissions continued to rise across all sectors and \r subsectors, and most rapidly in transport and industry (high \r confidence). In 2019, 34% (20 GtCO2-eq) of global GHG emissions \r came from the energy sector, 24% (14 GtCO2-eq) from industry, 22% \r (13 GtCO2-eq) from agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU), \r 15% (8.7 GtCO2-eq) from transport, and 5.6% (3.3  GtCO2-eq) from \r buildings. Once indirect emissions from energy use are considered, \r the relative shares of industry and buildings emissions rise to 34% \r and 16%, respectively. Average annual GHG emissions growth during \r 2010-2019 slowed compared to the previous decade in energy supply \r (from 2.3% to 1.0%) and industry (from 3.4% to 1.4%, direct emissions \r only), but remained roughly constant at about 2% yr-1 in the transport \r sector (high confidence). Emission growth in AFOLU is more uncertain \r due to the high share of CO2-LULUCF emissions (medium confidence). \r [...]"


id: 83768b7f6cdf30cef77b0b9bbfaeaa9c
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 20266
content:
"There is a discrepancy, equating to 5.5 GtCO2 yr-1, between \r alternative methods of accounting for anthropogenic land \r CO2 fluxes. Accounting for this discrepancy would assist in \r assessing collective progress in a  global stocktake (high \r confidence). The principal accounting approaches are national GHG \r inventories (NGHGI) and global modelling11 approaches. NGHGI, \r based on IPCC guidelines, consider a much larger area of forest to be \r under human management than global models. NGHGI consider the \r fluxes due to human-induced environmental change on this area to \r be anthropogenic and are thus reported. Global models, in contrast, \r consider these fluxes to be natural and are excluded from the total \r reported anthropogenic land CO2 flux. The accounting method used \r will affect the assessment of collective progress in a global stocktake \r (medium confidence) {Cross-Chapter Box  6 in Chapter  7}. In the \r absence of these adjustments, allowing a like-with-like comparison, \r [...]"


id: e825b868223ebe97e6fc322ee16d462a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38168
content:
"Territorial emissions from developing country regions \r continue to grow, mostly driven by increased consumption \r and investment, albeit starting from a  low base of per\u0002capita emissions and with a  lower historic contribution  to \r cumulative emissions than developed countries (high \r confidence). Average 2019 per-capita CO2-FFI emissions in three \r developing regions, Africa (1.2 tCO2), Asia and Pacific (4.4 tCO2), and \r Latin America and Caribbean (2.7 tCO2), remained less than half of \r Developed Countries' 2019 CO2-FFI emissions (9.5 tCO2). In these \r three developing regions together, CO2-FFI emissions grew by 26% \r between 2010 and 2019 (compared to 260% between 1990 and \r 2010). In contrast, in Developed Countries emissions contracted by \r 9.9% between 2010 and 2019 and by 9.6% between 1990 and 2010. \r Historically, these three developing regions together contributed 28% \r to cumulative CO2-FFI emissions between 1850 and 2019, whereas \r [...]"


id: 4f3d8b47ed4dd384fad96442fbfd29eb
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 11228
content:
"[...] Developed Countries contributed 57%, and least developed countries \r contributed 0.4%. (Figure TS.5) {2.2, Figures 2.9 and 2.10}"


id: b9a21d250a81ef58e30b2c666478efd5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 29868
content:
"Multiple low-carbon technologies have shown rapid progress \r since AR5 - in cost, performance, and adoption - enhancing \r the feasibility of rapid energy transitions (high confidence). The \r rapid deployment and unit cost decrease of modular technologies like \r solar, wind, and batteries have occurred much faster than anticipated \r by experts and modelled in previous mitigation scenarios, as shown \r in Figure TS.7 (high confidence). The political, economic, social, and \r technical feasibility of solar energy, wind energy and electricity \r storage technologies has improved dramatically over the past few \r years. In contrast, the adoption of nuclear energy and CO2 capture \r and storage (CCS) in the electricity sector has been slower than \r the growth rates anticipated in stabilisation scenarios. Emerging \r evidence since AR5 indicates that small-scale technologies (e.g., solar, \r batteries) tend to improve faster and be adopted more quickly \r [...]"


id: c3c4f973294c878d5d511a1be3b79383
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31715
content:
"[...] than large-scale technologies (nuclear, CCS) (medium confidence). \r (Figure TS.7, Box TS.15) {2.5.3, 2.5.4, Figures 2.22 and 2.23}"


id: cbe9a7aa4b71421de424f5d8f8c57835
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 33200
content:
"Estimates of future CO2 emissions from existing fossil fuel \r infrastructures already exceed remaining cumulative net CO2\r emissions in pathways limiting warming to 1.5degC (>50%) with \r no or limited overshoot (high confidence). Assuming variations \r in historic patterns of use and decommissioning, estimated future \r CO2 emissions from existing fossil fuel infrastructure alone are \r 660 (460-890) GtCO2 and from existing and currently planned \r infrastructure 850 (600-1100) GtCO2. This compares to overall \r cumulative net CO2 emissions until reaching net zero CO2 of \r 510 (330-710) GtCO2 in pathways that limit warming to 1.5degC \r (>50%) with no or limited overshoot, and 890 (640-1160) GtCO2\r in pathways that limit warming to 2degC (>67%) (high confidence). \r While most future CO2 emissions from existing and currently \r planned fossil fuel infrastructure are situated in the power sector, \r most remaining fossil fuel CO2 emissions in pathways that limit \r [...]"


id: 16368abb7eabaf44b39e2c8415c0c917
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vector_id: 1121
content:
"[...] warming to 2degC (>67%) and below are from non-electric energy - \r most importantly from the industry and transportation sectors (high \r confidence). Decommissioning and reduced utilisation of existing \r fossil fuel installations in the power sector as well as cancellation of \r new installations are required to align future CO2 emissions from the \r power sector with projections in these pathways (high confidence). \r (Figure TS.8) {2.7.2, 2.7.3, Figure 2.26, Tables 2.6 and 2.7}"


id: 210dab7777d5f931bb2eb79accc338c5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 3039
content:
"Figure TS.9 | Aggregate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of global mitigation pathways (coloured funnels and bars) and projected emission outcomes \r from current policies and emissions implied by unconditional and conditional elements of NDCs, based on updates available by 11 October 2021 \r (grey bars). Shaded areas show GHG emission medians and 25-75th percentiles over 2020-2050 for four types of pathways in the AR6 scenario database: (i) pathways \r with near-term emissions developments in line with current policies and extended with comparable ambition levels beyond 2030; (ii) pathways likely to limit warming to \r 2degC with near-term emissions developments reflecting 2030 emissions implied by current NDCs followed by accelerated emissions reductions; (iii) pathways likely to limit \r warming to 2degC based on immediate actions from 2020 onwards; (iv) pathways that limit warming to 1.5degC with no or limited overshoot. Right-hand panels show two \r [...]"


id: 733863e85eabf4c187f79a8b3e103d41
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 17520
content:
"[...] snapshots of the 2030 and 2050 emission ranges of the pathways in detail (median, 25-75th and 5-95th percentiles). The 2030 snapshot includes the projected emissions \r from the implementation of the NDCs as assessed in Section 4.2 (Table 4.1; median and full range). Historic GHG emissions trends as used in model studies are shown for \r 2010-2015. GHG emissions are in CO2-equivalent using GWP100 values from AR6. {3.5, Table 4.1, Cross-Chapter Box 4 in Chapter 4}"


id: a8fe41a7eb1ebb7ae2283c4ec2f85cd1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26940
content:
"Projected global emissions from aggregated NDCs place \r limiting global warming to 1.5degC beyond reach and make it \r harder after 2030 to limit warming to 2degC (high confidence). \r Pathways following NDCs until 2030 show a  smaller reduction \r in fossil fuel use, slower deployment of low-carbon alternatives, \r and a smaller reduction in CO2, CH4 and overall GHG emissions in \r 2030 compared to immediate action scenarios. This is followed by \r a  much faster reduction of emissions and fossil fuels after 2030, \r and a larger increase in the deployment of low-carbon alternatives \r during the medium term in order to get close to the levels of the \r immediate action pathways in 2050. Those pathways also deploy \r a larger amount of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) to compensate for \r higher emissions before 2030. The faster transition during 2030 to \r 2050 entails greater investment in fossil fuel infrastructure and lower \r deployment of low-carbon alternatives in 2030, which adds to the \r [...]"


id: e4e24c4827237262458e65bb941d8e82
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 37553
content:
"If obstacles to accelerated mitigation are rooted in underlying \r structural features of society, then transforming such structures \r can support emission reductions {4.2.6}. Countries and regions \r will have different starting points for transition pathways. Some critical \r differences between countries include climate conditions resulting \r in different heating and cooling needs, endowments with different \r energy resources, patterns of spatial development, and political and \r economic conditions {4.2.5}. The way countries develop determines \r their capacity to accelerate mitigation and achieve other sustainable \r development objectives simultaneously (medium confidence)\r {4.3.1,  4.3.2}. Yet meeting ambitious mitigation and development \r goals cannot be achieved through incremental change (robust \r evidence, medium agreement). Though development pathways result \r from the actions of a  wide range of actors, it is possible to shift \r [...]"


id: c88dbb782d9f0ffd8e6ebadccc9f2b30
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 32592
content:
"[...] development pathways through policies and enhancing enabling \r conditions (limited evidence, medium agreement). "


id: 95b98a0f09e41ca8799d60ca83347e16
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 23531
content:
"Studies evaluating up to 105 updated NDCs15 indicate that \r emissions in NDCs with conditional elements have been \r reduced by 4.5 (2.7-6.3) GtCO2-eq. This closes the emission \r gaps by about one third to 2degC and about 20% to 1.5degC compared \r to the original NDCs submitted in 2015/16 (medium confidence) \r {4.2.2, Cross-Chapter Box 4 in Chapter 4}. An implementation gap\r also exists between the projected emissions with 'current policies' \r and the projected emissions resulting from the implementation \r of the unconditional and conditional elements of NDCs; this is \r estimated to be around 4 and 7 GtCO2-eq in 2030, respectively \r (medium confidence) {4.2.2}. Many countries would therefore require \r additional policies and associated action on climate change to meet \r their autonomously determined mitigation targets as specified \r under the first NDCs (limited evidence). The disruptions triggered \r by the COVID-19 pandemic increase uncertainty over the range \r [...]"


id: 8f9a050b8d6a0b1653f9174e35eaaeae
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 22475
content:
"[...] of projections relative to pre-COVID-19 literature. As indicated by \r a growing number of studies at the national and global level, how \r large near- to mid-term emissions implications of the COVID-19 \r pandemic are, to a large degree depends on how stimulus or recovery \r packages are designed. {4.2}"


id: a686782c09a82365fed75e64d41bc7b4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 26513
content:
"Shifting development pathways towards sustainability offers \r ways to broaden the range of levers and enablers that a society \r can use to accelerate mitigation and increases the likelihood \r of making progress simultaneously on climate action and \r other development goals (Box TS.3) {Cross-Chapter Box 5 in \r Chapter  4, Figure  4.7, 4.3}. There are practical options to shift \r development pathways in ways that advance mitigation and other \r sustainable development objectives, support political feasibility, \r increase resources to meet multiple goals, and reduce emissions \r (limited evidence, high agreement). Concrete examples, assessed in \r Chapter 4 of this report, include high-employment and low-emissions \r structural change; fiscal reforms for mitigation and social contract, \r combining housing policies to deliver both housing and transport \r mitigation; and changed economic, social and spatial patterns of \r agriculture sector development, providing the basis for sustained \r [...]"


id: 6484dc59d394eef22dc7765c009c6c2b
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 14960
content:
"Table TS.2 | Comparison of key characteristics of mitigation pathways with immediate action towards limiting warming to 1.5-2degC vs. pathways following \r NDCs announced prior to COP26 until 2030. Key characteristics are reported for five groups of mitigation pathways: (i) immediate action to limit warming to 1.5degC \r (>50%) with no or limited overshoot (C1 in Table TS.3; 97 scenarios), (ii) near term action following the NDCs until 2030 and returning warming to 1.5degC (> 50%) by 2100 \r after a high overshoot (subset of 42 scenarios following the NDCs until 2030 in C2), (iii) immediate action to limit warming to 2degC (>67%), (C3a in Table TS.3; 204 scenarios), \r (iv) near term action following the NDCs until 2030 followed by post-2030 action to limit warming to 2degC (>67%) (C3b in Table TS.3; 97 scenarios). Also shown are the \r [...]"


id: cfbf92bd46d6337b69c386af6d604bf2
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 33911
content:
"[...] characteristics for (v) the combined class of all scenarios that limit warming to 2degC (>67%). The groups (i), (iii), and the combination of (ii) and (iv) are depicted in Figure TS.9. \r Reported are median and interquartile ranges (in brackets) for selected global indicators. Numbers are rounded to the nearest five, with the exception of cumulative net negative \r CO2 emissions rounded to the nearest 10. Changes from 2019 are relative to modelled 2019 values. Emissions reductions are based on harmonised model emissions used for \r the climate assessment. {Section 3.5} {Table 3.6}"


id: 55c59906d0b8184a7c6d0d10904a5ad9
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 12362
content:
"However, decisions about mitigation actions, and their timing and scale, may entail trade-offs with the achievement of other national \r development objectives in the near, mid- and long term {Chapter 12}. In the near term, for example, regulations may ban vehicles from \r city centres to reduce congestion and local air pollution but reduce mobility and choice. Increasing green spaces within cities without \r caps on housing prices may involve trade-offs with affordable housing and push low-income residents outside the city {8.2.2}. In the \r mid- and long term, large-scale deployment of biomass energy raises concerns about food security and biodiversity conservation \r {3.7.1, 3.7.5, 7.4.4, 9.8.1, 12.5.2, 12.5.3}. Prioritising is one way to manage these trade-offs, addressing some national development \r objectives earlier than others. Another way is to adopt policy packages aimed at shifting development pathways towards increased \r [...]"


id: fb3589363e9769f182e7705fc9c3d521
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 41568
content:
"[...] sustainability (SDPS) as they expand the range of tools available to simultaneously achieve multiple development objectives and \r accelerate mitigation. (Box TS.3, Figure 1) "


id: 7e935e04c7ff6a429b07fd32e5701ea3
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 19421
content:
"Policies can shift development pathways. There are examples \r of policies implemented in the pursuit of overall societal \r development objectives, such as job creation, macroeconomic \r stability, economic growth, and public health and welfare.\r In  some countries, such policies are framed as part of a  Just \r Transition (Box TS.3), however, they can have major influence on \r mitigative capacity, and hence can be seen as tools to broaden \r mitigation options (medium confidence) {4.3.3}. Coordinated policy \r mixes would need to orchestrate multiple actors - individuals, groups \r and collectives, corporate actors, institutions and infrastructure \r actors  - to deepen decarbonisation and shift pathways towards \r sustainability. Shifts in one country may spill over to other countries. \r Shifting development pathways can jointly support mitigation and \r adaptation {4.4.2}. Some studies explore the risks of high complexity \r and potential delay attached to shifting development pathways. \r [...]"


id: 8f6c51169a2fc3bd3a0d248b94629e19
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 22446
content:
"An increasing number of mitigation strategies up to 2050 \r (mid-term) have been developed by various actors. A growing \r number of such strategies aim at net zero GHG or CO2\r emissions, but it is not yet possible to draw global implications \r due to the limited size of sample (medium evidence, low \r agreement) {4.2.4}. Non-state actors are also engaging in a wide \r range of mitigation initiatives. When adding up emission reduction \r potentials, sub-national and non-state international cooperative \r initiatives could reduce emissions by up to about 20 GtCO2-eq in \r 2030 (limited evidence, medium agreement) {4.2.3}. Yet perceived or \r real conflicts between mitigation and other SDGs can impede such \r action. If undertaken without precaution, accelerated mitigation is \r found to have significant implications for development objectives \r and macroeconomic costs at country level. The literature shows that \r the employment effect of mitigation policies tends to be limited on \r [...]"


id: f81047674f1154fb13eb021a44bc51c5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 41015
content:
"[...] aggregate but can be significant at sectoral level (limited evidence,\r medium agreement). Detailed design of mitigation policies is critical \r for distributional impacts and avoiding lock-in (high confidence), \r though further research is needed in that direction. {4.2.6}"


id: f32b7de3bea8ee5f5f6f45c6300045f4
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 40163
content:
"Equity can be an important enabler, increasing the level of \r ambition for accelerated mitigation (high confidence) {4.5}. \r Equity deals with the distribution of costs and benefits and how these \r are shared, as per social contracts, national policy and international \r agreements. Transition pathways have distributional consequences \r such as large changes in employment and economic structure (high \r confidence). The Just Transition concept has become an international \r focal point tying together social movements, trade unions, and other \r key stakeholders to ensure equity is better accounted for in low-carbon \r transitions (Box TS.4). The effectiveness of cooperative action and the \r perception of fairness of such arrangements are closely related in \r that pathways that prioritise equity and allow broad stakeholder \r participation can enable broader consensus for the transformational \r change implicit in the need for deeper mitigation (robust evidence,\r [...]"


id: 98ee976fb88a848ca61c897f0629bbf1
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 24119
content:
"The literature identifies a  broad set of enabling conditions \r that can both foster shifting development pathways and \r accelerated mitigation (medium evidence, high agreement).\r Policy integration is a necessary component of shifting development \r pathways, addressing multiple objectives. To this aim, mobilising \r a range of policies is preferable to single policy instruments (high \r confidence). {4.4.1}. Governance for climate mitigation and shifting \r development pathways is enhanced when tailored to national and \r local contexts. Improved institutions and effective governance enable \r ambitious action on climate and can help bridge implementation \r gaps (medium evidence, high agreement). Given that strengthening \r institutions may be a long-term endeavour, it needs attention in the \r near term {4.4.1}. Accelerated mitigation and shifting development \r pathways necessitates both redirecting existing financial flows from \r [...]"


id: e93e36c09f9355557f228622f92e7a59
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 38393
content:
"[...] high- to low-emissions technologies and systems, and providing \r additional resources to overcome current financial barriers (high \r confidence) {4.4.1}. Opportunities exist in the near term to close the \r finance gap {15.2.2}. At the national level, public finance for actions \r promoting sustainable development helps broaden the scope of \r mitigation (medium confidence). Changes in behaviour and lifestyles "


id: b9afde89a5becdbd0a297ea836e53d5
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 29880
content:
"A Just Transition entails targeted and proactive measures from governments, agencies, and other non-state authorities to ensure that \r any negative social, environmental, or economic impacts of economy-wide transitions are minimised, whilst benefits are maximised \r for those disproportionally affected. These proactive measures include eradication of poverty, regulating prosperity and creating jobs \r in 'green' sectors. In addition, governments, polluting industries, corporations, and those more able to pay higher associated taxes, \r can pay for transition costs by providing a welfare safety net and adequate compensation to people, communities, and regions that \r have been impacted by pollution, or are marginalised, or are negatively impacted by a transition from a high- to low-carbon economy \r and society. There is, nonetheless, increased recognition that resources that can enable the transition, international development \r [...]"


id: 668685cc06e5f7c86fdbe62aea77ca0a
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 15295
content:
"[...] institutions, as well as other transitional drivers such as tools, strategies and finance, are scarce. A sample of global efforts is \r summarised in Box TS.4, Figure 1."


id: 7a2cfb43568efde111cc6339b00cbf9f
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 18692
content:
"Each of the IMPs comprises: a storyline and a quantitative illustration. The storyline describes the key characteristics of the pathway \r qualitatively; the quantitative illustration is selected from the literature on long-term scenarios to effectively represent the IMP \r numerically. The five Illustrative Mitigation Pathways (IMPs) each emphasise a different scenario element as its defining feature, and \r are named accordingly: heavy reliance on renewables (IMP-Ren), strong emphasis on low demand for energy (IMP-LD), extensive use \r of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) in the energy and the industry sectors to achieve net negative emissions (IMP-Neg), mitigation in the \r context of broader sustainable development and shifting development pathways (IMP-SP), and the implications of a less rapid and \r gradual strengthening of near-term mitigation actions (IMP-GS). In some cases, sectoral chapters may use different quantifications \r [...]"


id: c37173397cb130fb7eecc3235a9765b8
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
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index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 31662
content:
"[...] that follow the same storyline narrative but contain data that better exemplify the chapter's assessment. Some IMP variants are also \r used to explore the sensitivity around alternative temperature goals. {3.2, 3.3}"


id: 8a05f5189ae22bb82ae7c5a05e774ded
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 21454
content:
"a\r  Values in the table refer to the 50th and [5th-95th] percentile values across the pathways falling within a given category as defined in Box SPM.1. For emissions-related \r columns these values relate to the distribution of all the pathways in that category. Harmonised emissions values are given for consistency with projected global warming \r outcomes using climate emulators. Based on the assessment of climate emulators in AR6 WGI (WG1 Chapter 7, Box 7.1), two climate emulators are used for the probabilistic \r assessment of the resulting warming of the pathways. For the 'Temperature change' and 'Likelihood' columns, the single upper-row values represent the 50th percentile \r across the pathways in that category and the median [50th percentile] across the warming estimates of the probabilistic MAGICC climate model emulator. For the bracketed \r [...]"


id: d217defc5e255b0df5b2bc321dc9d331
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 34316
content:
"[...] ranges, the median warming for every pathway in that category is calculated for each of the two climate model emulators (MAGICC and FaIR). Subsequently, the 5th and \r 95th percentile values across all pathways for each emulator are calculated. The coolest and warmest outcomes (i.e., the lowest p5 of two emulators, and the highest p95, \r respectively) are shown in square brackets. These ranges therefore cover both the uncertainty of the emissions pathways as well as the climate emulators' uncertainty.\r b For a description of pathways categories see Box SPM.1 and Table 3.1."


id: d94d25db023e5a0bb6c58998095d4571
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 35531
content:
" Emissions milestones are provided for five-year intervals in order to be consistent with the underlying five-year time-step data of the modelled pathways. Peak emissions \r (CO2 and GHGs) are assessed for five-year reporting intervals starting in 2020. The interval 2020-2025 signifies that projected emissions peak as soon as possible between \r 2020 and at latest before 2025. The upper five-year interval refers to the median interval within which the emissions peak or reach net zero. Ranges in square brackets \r underneath refer to the range across the pathways, comprising the lower bound of the 5th percentile five-year interval and the upper bound of the 95th percentile five-year \r interval. Numbers in round brackets signify the fraction of pathways that reach specific milestones.\r  Percentiles reported across all pathways in that category include those that do not reach net zero before 2100 (fraction of pathways reaching net zero is given in round \r [...]"


id: 6bb68957f870a28425fe62837e8e1d79
created_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
updated_at: 2023-04-19 13:23:06
content_type: text
index: climate_gpt_v2
vector_id: 16259
content:
"[...] brackets). If the fraction of pathways that reach net zero before 2100 is lower than the fraction of pathways covered by a percentile (e.g., 0.95 for the 95th percentile), \r the percentile is not defined and denoted with '...'. The fraction of pathways reaching net zero includes all with reported non-harmonised, and/or harmonised emissions \r profiles that reach net zero. Pathways were counted when at least one of the two profiles fell below 100 MtCO2 yr-1 until 2100."


