File size: 58,063 Bytes
6a86ad5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
"""Compatibility interface between dense and sparse polys. """


from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_add_term
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_add_term
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_sub_term
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_sub_term
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_mul_term
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_mul_term
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_add_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_add_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_sub_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_sub_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_mul_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_mul_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_quo_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_quo_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_exquo_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_exquo_ground
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_lshift
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_rshift
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_abs
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_abs
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_neg
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_neg
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_add
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_add
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_sub
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_sub
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_add_mul
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_add_mul
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_sub_mul
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_sub_mul
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_mul
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_mul
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_sqr
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_sqr
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_pow
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_pow
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_pdiv
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_prem
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_pquo
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_pexquo
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_pdiv
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_prem
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_pquo
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_pexquo
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_rr_div
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_rr_div
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_ff_div
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_ff_div
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_div
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_rem
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_quo
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_exquo
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_div
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_rem
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_quo
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_exquo
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_max_norm
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_max_norm
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_l1_norm
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_l1_norm
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_l2_norm_squared
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_l2_norm_squared
from sympy.polys.densearith import dup_expand
from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_expand
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dup_LC
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dmp_LC
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dup_TC
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dmp_TC
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dmp_ground_LC
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dmp_ground_TC
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dup_degree
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dmp_degree
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dmp_degree_in
from sympy.polys.densebasic import dmp_to_dict
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_integrate
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_integrate
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_integrate_in
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_diff
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_diff
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_diff_in
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_eval
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_eval
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_eval_in
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_eval_tail
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_diff_eval_in
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_trunc
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_trunc
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_ground_trunc
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_monic
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_ground_monic
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_content
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_ground_content
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_primitive
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_ground_primitive
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_extract
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_ground_extract
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_real_imag
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_mirror
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_scale
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_shift
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_shift
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_transform
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_compose
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_compose
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_decompose
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_lift
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_sign_variations
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_clear_denoms
from sympy.polys.densetools import dmp_clear_denoms
from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_revert
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_half_gcdex
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_half_gcdex
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_gcdex
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_gcdex
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_invert
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_invert
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_euclidean_prs
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_euclidean_prs
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_primitive_prs
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_primitive_prs
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_inner_subresultants
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_subresultants
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_prs_resultant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_resultant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_inner_subresultants
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_subresultants
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_prs_resultant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_zz_modular_resultant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_zz_collins_resultant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_qq_collins_resultant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_resultant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_discriminant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_discriminant
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_rr_prs_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_ff_prs_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_rr_prs_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_ff_prs_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_zz_heu_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_zz_heu_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_qq_heu_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_qq_heu_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_inner_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_inner_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_gcd
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_rr_lcm
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_ff_lcm
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_lcm
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_rr_lcm
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_ff_lcm
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_lcm
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_content
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_primitive
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dup_cancel
from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_cancel
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_trial_division
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_trial_division
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_mignotte_bound
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_zz_mignotte_bound
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_hensel_step
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_hensel_lift
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_zassenhaus
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_irreducible_p
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_cyclotomic_p
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_cyclotomic_poly
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_cyclotomic_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_factor_sqf
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_zz_wang_non_divisors
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_zz_wang_lead_coeffs
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_diophantine
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_zz_diophantine
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_zz_wang_hensel_lifting
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_zz_wang
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_zz_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_qq_i_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_zz_i_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_qq_i_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_zz_i_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_ext_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_ext_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_gf_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_gf_factor
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_factor_list
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_factor_list_include
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_factor_list
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_factor_list_include
from sympy.polys.factortools import dup_irreducible_p
from sympy.polys.factortools import dmp_irreducible_p
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_sturm
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_root_upper_bound
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_root_lower_bound
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_step_refine_real_root
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_inner_refine_real_root
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_outer_refine_real_root
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_refine_real_root
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_inner_isolate_real_roots
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_inner_isolate_positive_roots
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_inner_isolate_negative_roots
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_isolate_real_roots_sqf
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_isolate_real_roots
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_isolate_real_roots_list
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_count_real_roots
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_count_complex_roots
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_isolate_complex_roots_sqf
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_isolate_all_roots_sqf
from sympy.polys.rootisolation import dup_isolate_all_roots

from sympy.polys.sqfreetools import (
    dup_sqf_p, dmp_sqf_p, dmp_norm, dup_sqf_norm, dmp_sqf_norm,
    dup_gf_sqf_part, dmp_gf_sqf_part, dup_sqf_part, dmp_sqf_part,
    dup_gf_sqf_list, dmp_gf_sqf_list, dup_sqf_list, dup_sqf_list_include,
    dmp_sqf_list, dmp_sqf_list_include, dup_gff_list, dmp_gff_list)

from sympy.polys.galoistools import (
    gf_degree, gf_LC, gf_TC, gf_strip, gf_from_dict,
    gf_to_dict, gf_from_int_poly, gf_to_int_poly, gf_neg, gf_add_ground, gf_sub_ground,
    gf_mul_ground, gf_quo_ground, gf_add, gf_sub, gf_mul, gf_sqr, gf_add_mul, gf_sub_mul,
    gf_expand, gf_div, gf_rem, gf_quo, gf_exquo, gf_lshift, gf_rshift, gf_pow, gf_pow_mod,
    gf_gcd, gf_lcm, gf_cofactors, gf_gcdex, gf_monic, gf_diff, gf_eval, gf_multi_eval,
    gf_compose, gf_compose_mod, gf_trace_map, gf_random, gf_irreducible, gf_irred_p_ben_or,
    gf_irred_p_rabin, gf_irreducible_p, gf_sqf_p, gf_sqf_part, gf_Qmatrix,
    gf_berlekamp, gf_ddf_zassenhaus, gf_edf_zassenhaus, gf_ddf_shoup, gf_edf_shoup,
    gf_zassenhaus, gf_shoup, gf_factor_sqf, gf_factor)

from sympy.utilities import public

@public
class IPolys:
    symbols = None
    ngens = None
    domain = None
    order = None
    gens = None

    def drop(self, gen):
        pass

    def clone(self, symbols=None, domain=None, order=None):
        pass

    def to_ground(self):
        pass

    def ground_new(self, element):
        pass

    def domain_new(self, element):
        pass

    def from_dict(self, d):
        pass

    def wrap(self, element):
        from sympy.polys.rings import PolyElement
        if isinstance(element, PolyElement):
            if element.ring == self:
                return element
            else:
                raise NotImplementedError("domain conversions")
        else:
            return self.ground_new(element)

    def to_dense(self, element):
        return self.wrap(element).to_dense()

    def from_dense(self, element):
        return self.from_dict(dmp_to_dict(element, self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_add_term(self, f, c, i):
        return self.from_dense(dup_add_term(self.to_dense(f), c, i, self.domain))
    def dmp_add_term(self, f, c, i):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_add_term(self.to_dense(f), self.wrap(c).drop(0).to_dense(), i, self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_sub_term(self, f, c, i):
        return self.from_dense(dup_sub_term(self.to_dense(f), c, i, self.domain))
    def dmp_sub_term(self, f, c, i):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_sub_term(self.to_dense(f), self.wrap(c).drop(0).to_dense(), i, self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_mul_term(self, f, c, i):
        return self.from_dense(dup_mul_term(self.to_dense(f), c, i, self.domain))
    def dmp_mul_term(self, f, c, i):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_mul_term(self.to_dense(f), self.wrap(c).drop(0).to_dense(), i, self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_add_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dup_add_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.domain))
    def dmp_add_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_add_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_sub_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dup_sub_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.domain))
    def dmp_sub_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_sub_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_mul_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dup_mul_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.domain))
    def dmp_mul_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_mul_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_quo_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dup_quo_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.domain))
    def dmp_quo_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_quo_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_exquo_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dup_exquo_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.domain))
    def dmp_exquo_ground(self, f, c):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_exquo_ground(self.to_dense(f), c, self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_lshift(self, f, n):
        return self.from_dense(dup_lshift(self.to_dense(f), n, self.domain))
    def dup_rshift(self, f, n):
        return self.from_dense(dup_rshift(self.to_dense(f), n, self.domain))

    def dup_abs(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dup_abs(self.to_dense(f), self.domain))
    def dmp_abs(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_abs(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_neg(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dup_neg(self.to_dense(f), self.domain))
    def dmp_neg(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_neg(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_add(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_add(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dmp_add(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_add(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_sub(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_sub(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dmp_sub(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_sub(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_add_mul(self, f, g, h):
        return self.from_dense(dup_add_mul(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.to_dense(h), self.domain))
    def dmp_add_mul(self, f, g, h):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_add_mul(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.to_dense(h), self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_sub_mul(self, f, g, h):
        return self.from_dense(dup_sub_mul(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.to_dense(h), self.domain))
    def dmp_sub_mul(self, f, g, h):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_sub_mul(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.to_dense(h), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_mul(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_mul(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dmp_mul(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_mul(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_sqr(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dup_sqr(self.to_dense(f), self.domain))
    def dmp_sqr(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_sqr(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_pow(self, f, n):
        return self.from_dense(dup_pow(self.to_dense(f), n, self.domain))
    def dmp_pow(self, f, n):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_pow(self.to_dense(f), n, self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_pdiv(self, f, g):
        q, r = dup_pdiv(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(q), self.from_dense(r))
    def dup_prem(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_prem(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dup_pquo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_pquo(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dup_pexquo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_pexquo(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))

    def dmp_pdiv(self, f, g):
        q, r = dmp_pdiv(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(q), self.from_dense(r))
    def dmp_prem(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_prem(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dmp_pquo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_pquo(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dmp_pexquo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_pexquo(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_rr_div(self, f, g):
        q, r = dup_rr_div(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(q), self.from_dense(r))
    def dmp_rr_div(self, f, g):
        q, r = dmp_rr_div(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(q), self.from_dense(r))
    def dup_ff_div(self, f, g):
        q, r = dup_ff_div(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(q), self.from_dense(r))
    def dmp_ff_div(self, f, g):
        q, r = dmp_ff_div(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(q), self.from_dense(r))

    def dup_div(self, f, g):
        q, r = dup_div(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(q), self.from_dense(r))
    def dup_rem(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_rem(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dup_quo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_quo(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dup_exquo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_exquo(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))

    def dmp_div(self, f, g):
        q, r = dmp_div(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(q), self.from_dense(r))
    def dmp_rem(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_rem(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dmp_quo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_quo(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dmp_exquo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_exquo(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_max_norm(self, f):
        return dup_max_norm(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_max_norm(self, f):
        return dmp_max_norm(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)

    def dup_l1_norm(self, f):
        return dup_l1_norm(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_l1_norm(self, f):
        return dmp_l1_norm(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)

    def dup_l2_norm_squared(self, f):
        return dup_l2_norm_squared(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_l2_norm_squared(self, f):
        return dmp_l2_norm_squared(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)

    def dup_expand(self, polys):
        return self.from_dense(dup_expand(list(map(self.to_dense, polys)), self.domain))
    def dmp_expand(self, polys):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_expand(list(map(self.to_dense, polys)), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_LC(self, f):
        return dup_LC(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_LC(self, f):
        LC = dmp_LC(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        if isinstance(LC, list):
            return self[1:].from_dense(LC)
        else:
            return LC
    def dup_TC(self, f):
        return dup_TC(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_TC(self, f):
        TC = dmp_TC(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        if isinstance(TC, list):
            return self[1:].from_dense(TC)
        else:
            return TC

    def dmp_ground_LC(self, f):
        return dmp_ground_LC(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
    def dmp_ground_TC(self, f):
        return dmp_ground_TC(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)

    def dup_degree(self, f):
        return dup_degree(self.to_dense(f))
    def dmp_degree(self, f):
        return dmp_degree(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1)
    def dmp_degree_in(self, f, j):
        return dmp_degree_in(self.to_dense(f), j, self.ngens-1)
    def dup_integrate(self, f, m):
        return self.from_dense(dup_integrate(self.to_dense(f), m, self.domain))
    def dmp_integrate(self, f, m):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_integrate(self.to_dense(f), m, self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_diff(self, f, m):
        return self.from_dense(dup_diff(self.to_dense(f), m, self.domain))
    def dmp_diff(self, f, m):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_diff(self.to_dense(f), m, self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dmp_diff_in(self, f, m, j):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_diff_in(self.to_dense(f), m, j, self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dmp_integrate_in(self, f, m, j):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_integrate_in(self.to_dense(f), m, j, self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_eval(self, f, a):
        return dup_eval(self.to_dense(f), a, self.domain)
    def dmp_eval(self, f, a):
        result = dmp_eval(self.to_dense(f), a, self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self[1:].from_dense(result)

    def dmp_eval_in(self, f, a, j):
        result = dmp_eval_in(self.to_dense(f), a, j, self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.drop(j).from_dense(result)
    def dmp_diff_eval_in(self, f, m, a, j):
        result = dmp_diff_eval_in(self.to_dense(f), m, a, j, self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.drop(j).from_dense(result)

    def dmp_eval_tail(self, f, A):
        result = dmp_eval_tail(self.to_dense(f), A, self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        if isinstance(result, list):
            return self[:-len(A)].from_dense(result)
        else:
            return result

    def dup_trunc(self, f, p):
        return self.from_dense(dup_trunc(self.to_dense(f), p, self.domain))
    def dmp_trunc(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_trunc(self.to_dense(f), self[1:].to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dmp_ground_trunc(self, f, p):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_ground_trunc(self.to_dense(f), p, self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_monic(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dup_monic(self.to_dense(f), self.domain))
    def dmp_ground_monic(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_ground_monic(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_extract(self, f, g):
        c, F, G = dup_extract(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (c, self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dmp_ground_extract(self, f, g):
        c, F, G = dmp_ground_extract(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (c, self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))

    def dup_real_imag(self, f):
        p, q = dup_real_imag(self.wrap(f).drop(1).to_dense(), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(p), self.from_dense(q))

    def dup_mirror(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dup_mirror(self.to_dense(f), self.domain))
    def dup_scale(self, f, a):
        return self.from_dense(dup_scale(self.to_dense(f), a, self.domain))
    def dup_shift(self, f, a):
        return self.from_dense(dup_shift(self.to_dense(f), a, self.domain))
    def dmp_shift(self, f, a):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_shift(self.to_dense(f), a, self.ngens-1, self.domain))
    def dup_transform(self, f, p, q):
        return self.from_dense(dup_transform(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(p), self.to_dense(q), self.domain))

    def dup_compose(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_compose(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dmp_compose(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_compose(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_decompose(self, f):
        components = dup_decompose(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, components))

    def dmp_lift(self, f):
        result = dmp_lift(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.to_ground().from_dense(result)

    def dup_sign_variations(self, f):
        return dup_sign_variations(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)

    def dup_clear_denoms(self, f, convert=False):
        c, F = dup_clear_denoms(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, convert=convert)
        if convert:
            ring = self.clone(domain=self.domain.get_ring())
        else:
            ring = self
        return (c, ring.from_dense(F))
    def dmp_clear_denoms(self, f, convert=False):
        c, F = dmp_clear_denoms(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain, convert=convert)
        if convert:
            ring = self.clone(domain=self.domain.get_ring())
        else:
            ring = self
        return (c, ring.from_dense(F))

    def dup_revert(self, f, n):
        return self.from_dense(dup_revert(self.to_dense(f), n, self.domain))

    def dup_half_gcdex(self, f, g):
        s, h = dup_half_gcdex(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(s), self.from_dense(h))
    def dmp_half_gcdex(self, f, g):
        s, h = dmp_half_gcdex(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(s), self.from_dense(h))
    def dup_gcdex(self, f, g):
        s, t, h = dup_gcdex(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(s), self.from_dense(t), self.from_dense(h))
    def dmp_gcdex(self, f, g):
        s, t, h = dmp_gcdex(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(s), self.from_dense(t), self.from_dense(h))

    def dup_invert(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dup_invert(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain))
    def dmp_invert(self, f, g):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_invert(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_euclidean_prs(self, f, g):
        prs = dup_euclidean_prs(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, prs))
    def dmp_euclidean_prs(self, f, g):
        prs = dmp_euclidean_prs(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, prs))
    def dup_primitive_prs(self, f, g):
        prs = dup_primitive_prs(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, prs))
    def dmp_primitive_prs(self, f, g):
        prs = dmp_primitive_prs(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, prs))

    def dup_inner_subresultants(self, f, g):
        prs, sres = dup_inner_subresultants(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (list(map(self.from_dense, prs)), sres)
    def dmp_inner_subresultants(self, f, g):
        prs, sres  = dmp_inner_subresultants(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (list(map(self.from_dense, prs)), sres)

    def dup_subresultants(self, f, g):
        prs = dup_subresultants(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, prs))
    def dmp_subresultants(self, f, g):
        prs = dmp_subresultants(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, prs))

    def dup_prs_resultant(self, f, g):
        res, prs = dup_prs_resultant(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (res, list(map(self.from_dense, prs)))
    def dmp_prs_resultant(self, f, g):
        res, prs = dmp_prs_resultant(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self[1:].from_dense(res), list(map(self.from_dense, prs)))

    def dmp_zz_modular_resultant(self, f, g, p):
        res = dmp_zz_modular_resultant(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain_new(p), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self[1:].from_dense(res)
    def dmp_zz_collins_resultant(self, f, g):
        res = dmp_zz_collins_resultant(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self[1:].from_dense(res)
    def dmp_qq_collins_resultant(self, f, g):
        res = dmp_qq_collins_resultant(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self[1:].from_dense(res)

    def dup_resultant(self, f, g): #, includePRS=False):
        return dup_resultant(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain) #, includePRS=includePRS)
    def dmp_resultant(self, f, g): #, includePRS=False):
        res = dmp_resultant(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain) #, includePRS=includePRS)
        if isinstance(res, list):
            return self[1:].from_dense(res)
        else:
            return res

    def dup_discriminant(self, f):
        return dup_discriminant(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_discriminant(self, f):
        disc = dmp_discriminant(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        if isinstance(disc, list):
            return self[1:].from_dense(disc)
        else:
            return disc

    def dup_rr_prs_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dup_rr_prs_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dup_ff_prs_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dup_ff_prs_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dmp_rr_prs_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dmp_rr_prs_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dmp_ff_prs_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dmp_ff_prs_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dup_zz_heu_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dup_zz_heu_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dmp_zz_heu_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dmp_zz_heu_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dup_qq_heu_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dup_qq_heu_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dmp_qq_heu_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dmp_qq_heu_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dup_inner_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dup_inner_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dmp_inner_gcd(self, f, g):
        H, F, G = dmp_inner_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dup_gcd(self, f, g):
        H = dup_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(H)
    def dmp_gcd(self, f, g):
        H = dmp_gcd(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(H)
    def dup_rr_lcm(self, f, g):
        H = dup_rr_lcm(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(H)
    def dup_ff_lcm(self, f, g):
        H = dup_ff_lcm(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(H)
    def dup_lcm(self, f, g):
        H = dup_lcm(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(H)
    def dmp_rr_lcm(self, f, g):
        H = dmp_rr_lcm(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(H)
    def dmp_ff_lcm(self, f, g):
        H = dmp_ff_lcm(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(H)
    def dmp_lcm(self, f, g):
        H = dmp_lcm(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(H)

    def dup_content(self, f):
        cont = dup_content(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return cont
    def dup_primitive(self, f):
        cont, prim = dup_primitive(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return cont, self.from_dense(prim)

    def dmp_content(self, f):
        cont = dmp_content(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        if isinstance(cont, list):
            return self[1:].from_dense(cont)
        else:
            return cont
    def dmp_primitive(self, f):
        cont, prim = dmp_primitive(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        if isinstance(cont, list):
            return (self[1:].from_dense(cont), self.from_dense(prim))
        else:
            return (cont, self.from_dense(prim))

    def dmp_ground_content(self, f):
        cont = dmp_ground_content(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return cont
    def dmp_ground_primitive(self, f):
        cont, prim = dmp_ground_primitive(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (cont, self.from_dense(prim))

    def dup_cancel(self, f, g, include=True):
        result = dup_cancel(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.domain, include=include)
        if not include:
            cf, cg, F, G = result
            return (cf, cg, self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
        else:
            F, G = result
            return (self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
    def dmp_cancel(self, f, g, include=True):
        result = dmp_cancel(self.to_dense(f), self.to_dense(g), self.ngens-1, self.domain, include=include)
        if not include:
            cf, cg, F, G = result
            return (cf, cg, self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))
        else:
            F, G = result
            return (self.from_dense(F), self.from_dense(G))

    def dup_trial_division(self, f, factors):
        factors = dup_trial_division(self.to_dense(f), list(map(self.to_dense, factors)), self.domain)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]
    def dmp_trial_division(self, f, factors):
        factors = dmp_trial_division(self.to_dense(f), list(map(self.to_dense, factors)), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]

    def dup_zz_mignotte_bound(self, f):
        return dup_zz_mignotte_bound(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_zz_mignotte_bound(self, f):
        return dmp_zz_mignotte_bound(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)

    def dup_zz_hensel_step(self, m, f, g, h, s, t):
        D = self.to_dense
        G, H, S, T = dup_zz_hensel_step(m, D(f), D(g), D(h), D(s), D(t), self.domain)
        return (self.from_dense(G), self.from_dense(H), self.from_dense(S), self.from_dense(T))
    def dup_zz_hensel_lift(self, p, f, f_list, l):
        D = self.to_dense
        polys = dup_zz_hensel_lift(p, D(f), list(map(D, f_list)), l, self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, polys))

    def dup_zz_zassenhaus(self, f):
        factors = dup_zz_zassenhaus(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]

    def dup_zz_irreducible_p(self, f):
        return dup_zz_irreducible_p(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dup_cyclotomic_p(self, f, irreducible=False):
        return dup_cyclotomic_p(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, irreducible=irreducible)
    def dup_zz_cyclotomic_poly(self, n):
        F = dup_zz_cyclotomic_poly(n, self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(F)
    def dup_zz_cyclotomic_factor(self, f):
        result = dup_zz_cyclotomic_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        if result is None:
            return result
        else:
            return list(map(self.from_dense, result))

    # E: List[ZZ], cs: ZZ, ct: ZZ
    def dmp_zz_wang_non_divisors(self, E, cs, ct):
        return dmp_zz_wang_non_divisors(E, cs, ct, self.domain)

    # f: Poly, T: List[(Poly, int)], ct: ZZ, A: List[ZZ]
    #def dmp_zz_wang_test_points(f, T, ct, A):
    #   dmp_zz_wang_test_points(self.to_dense(f), T, ct, A, self.ngens-1, self.domain)

    # f: Poly, T: List[(Poly, int)], cs: ZZ, E: List[ZZ], H: List[Poly], A: List[ZZ]
    def dmp_zz_wang_lead_coeffs(self, f, T, cs, E, H, A):
        mv = self[1:]
        T = [ (mv.to_dense(t), k) for t, k in T ]
        uv = self[:1]
        H = list(map(uv.to_dense, H))
        f, HH, CC = dmp_zz_wang_lead_coeffs(self.to_dense(f), T, cs, E, H, A, self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.from_dense(f), list(map(uv.from_dense, HH)), list(map(mv.from_dense, CC))

    # f: List[Poly], m: int, p: ZZ
    def dup_zz_diophantine(self, F, m, p):
        result = dup_zz_diophantine(list(map(self.to_dense, F)), m, p, self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, result))

    # f: List[Poly], c: List[Poly], A: List[ZZ], d: int, p: ZZ
    def dmp_zz_diophantine(self, F, c, A, d, p):
        result = dmp_zz_diophantine(list(map(self.to_dense, F)), self.to_dense(c), A, d, p, self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, result))

    # f: Poly, H: List[Poly], LC: List[Poly], A: List[ZZ], p: ZZ
    def dmp_zz_wang_hensel_lifting(self, f, H, LC, A, p):
        uv = self[:1]
        mv = self[1:]
        H = list(map(uv.to_dense, H))
        LC = list(map(mv.to_dense, LC))
        result = dmp_zz_wang_hensel_lifting(self.to_dense(f), H, LC, A, p, self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, result))

    def dmp_zz_wang(self, f, mod=None, seed=None):
        factors = dmp_zz_wang(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain, mod=mod, seed=seed)
        return [ self.from_dense(g) for g in factors ]

    def dup_zz_factor_sqf(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dup_zz_factor_sqf(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ self.from_dense(g) for g in factors ])

    def dup_zz_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dup_zz_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dmp_zz_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dmp_zz_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])

    def dup_qq_i_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dup_qq_i_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dmp_qq_i_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dmp_qq_i_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])

    def dup_zz_i_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dup_zz_i_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dmp_zz_i_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dmp_zz_i_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])

    def dup_ext_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dup_ext_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dmp_ext_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dmp_ext_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])

    def dup_gf_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dup_gf_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dmp_gf_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dmp_gf_factor(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])

    def dup_factor_list(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dup_factor_list(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dup_factor_list_include(self, f):
        factors = dup_factor_list_include(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]

    def dmp_factor_list(self, f):
        coeff, factors = dmp_factor_list(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dmp_factor_list_include(self, f):
        factors = dmp_factor_list_include(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]

    def dup_irreducible_p(self, f):
        return dup_irreducible_p(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_irreducible_p(self, f):
        return dmp_irreducible_p(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)

    def dup_sturm(self, f):
        seq = dup_sturm(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return list(map(self.from_dense, seq))

    def dup_sqf_p(self, f):
        return dup_sqf_p(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dmp_sqf_p(self, f):
        return dmp_sqf_p(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)

    def dmp_norm(self, f):
        n = dmp_norm(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return self.to_ground().from_dense(n)

    def dup_sqf_norm(self, f):
        s, F, R = dup_sqf_norm(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return (s, self.from_dense(F), self.to_ground().from_dense(R))
    def dmp_sqf_norm(self, f):
        s, F, R = dmp_sqf_norm(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return (s, self.from_dense(F), self.to_ground().from_dense(R))

    def dup_gf_sqf_part(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dup_gf_sqf_part(self.to_dense(f), self.domain))
    def dmp_gf_sqf_part(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_gf_sqf_part(self.to_dense(f), self.domain))
    def dup_sqf_part(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dup_sqf_part(self.to_dense(f), self.domain))
    def dmp_sqf_part(self, f):
        return self.from_dense(dmp_sqf_part(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain))

    def dup_gf_sqf_list(self, f, all=False):
        coeff, factors = dup_gf_sqf_list(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, all=all)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dmp_gf_sqf_list(self, f, all=False):
        coeff, factors = dmp_gf_sqf_list(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain, all=all)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])

    def dup_sqf_list(self, f, all=False):
        coeff, factors = dup_sqf_list(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, all=all)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dup_sqf_list_include(self, f, all=False):
        factors = dup_sqf_list_include(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, all=all)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]
    def dmp_sqf_list(self, f, all=False):
        coeff, factors = dmp_sqf_list(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain, all=all)
        return (coeff, [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ])
    def dmp_sqf_list_include(self, f, all=False):
        factors = dmp_sqf_list_include(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain, all=all)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]

    def dup_gff_list(self, f):
        factors = dup_gff_list(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]
    def dmp_gff_list(self, f):
        factors = dmp_gff_list(self.to_dense(f), self.ngens-1, self.domain)
        return [ (self.from_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]

    def dup_root_upper_bound(self, f):
        return dup_root_upper_bound(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)
    def dup_root_lower_bound(self, f):
        return dup_root_lower_bound(self.to_dense(f), self.domain)

    def dup_step_refine_real_root(self, f, M, fast=False):
        return dup_step_refine_real_root(self.to_dense(f), M, self.domain, fast=fast)
    def dup_inner_refine_real_root(self, f, M, eps=None, steps=None, disjoint=None, fast=False, mobius=False):
        return dup_inner_refine_real_root(self.to_dense(f), M, self.domain, eps=eps, steps=steps, disjoint=disjoint, fast=fast, mobius=mobius)
    def dup_outer_refine_real_root(self, f, s, t, eps=None, steps=None, disjoint=None, fast=False):
        return dup_outer_refine_real_root(self.to_dense(f), s, t, self.domain, eps=eps, steps=steps, disjoint=disjoint, fast=fast)
    def dup_refine_real_root(self, f, s, t, eps=None, steps=None, disjoint=None, fast=False):
        return dup_refine_real_root(self.to_dense(f), s, t, self.domain, eps=eps, steps=steps, disjoint=disjoint, fast=fast)
    def dup_inner_isolate_real_roots(self, f, eps=None, fast=False):
        return dup_inner_isolate_real_roots(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, eps=eps, fast=fast)
    def dup_inner_isolate_positive_roots(self, f, eps=None, inf=None, sup=None, fast=False, mobius=False):
        return dup_inner_isolate_positive_roots(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, eps=eps, inf=inf, sup=sup, fast=fast, mobius=mobius)
    def dup_inner_isolate_negative_roots(self, f, inf=None, sup=None, eps=None, fast=False, mobius=False):
        return dup_inner_isolate_negative_roots(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, inf=inf, sup=sup, eps=eps, fast=fast, mobius=mobius)
    def dup_isolate_real_roots_sqf(self, f, eps=None, inf=None, sup=None, fast=False, blackbox=False):
        return dup_isolate_real_roots_sqf(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, eps=eps, inf=inf, sup=sup, fast=fast, blackbox=blackbox)
    def dup_isolate_real_roots(self, f, eps=None, inf=None, sup=None, basis=False, fast=False):
        return dup_isolate_real_roots(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, eps=eps, inf=inf, sup=sup, basis=basis, fast=fast)
    def dup_isolate_real_roots_list(self, polys, eps=None, inf=None, sup=None, strict=False, basis=False, fast=False):
        return dup_isolate_real_roots_list(list(map(self.to_dense, polys)), self.domain, eps=eps, inf=inf, sup=sup, strict=strict, basis=basis, fast=fast)
    def dup_count_real_roots(self, f, inf=None, sup=None):
        return dup_count_real_roots(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, inf=inf, sup=sup)
    def dup_count_complex_roots(self, f, inf=None, sup=None, exclude=None):
        return dup_count_complex_roots(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, inf=inf, sup=sup, exclude=exclude)
    def dup_isolate_complex_roots_sqf(self, f, eps=None, inf=None, sup=None, blackbox=False):
        return dup_isolate_complex_roots_sqf(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, eps=eps, inf=inf, sup=sup, blackbox=blackbox)
    def dup_isolate_all_roots_sqf(self, f, eps=None, inf=None, sup=None, fast=False, blackbox=False):
        return dup_isolate_all_roots_sqf(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, eps=eps, inf=inf, sup=sup, fast=fast, blackbox=blackbox)
    def dup_isolate_all_roots(self, f, eps=None, inf=None, sup=None, fast=False):
        return dup_isolate_all_roots(self.to_dense(f), self.domain, eps=eps, inf=inf, sup=sup, fast=fast)

    def fateman_poly_F_1(self):
        from sympy.polys.specialpolys import dmp_fateman_poly_F_1
        return tuple(map(self.from_dense, dmp_fateman_poly_F_1(self.ngens-1, self.domain)))
    def fateman_poly_F_2(self):
        from sympy.polys.specialpolys import dmp_fateman_poly_F_2
        return tuple(map(self.from_dense, dmp_fateman_poly_F_2(self.ngens-1, self.domain)))
    def fateman_poly_F_3(self):
        from sympy.polys.specialpolys import dmp_fateman_poly_F_3
        return tuple(map(self.from_dense, dmp_fateman_poly_F_3(self.ngens-1, self.domain)))

    def to_gf_dense(self, element):
        return gf_strip([ self.domain.dom.convert(c, self.domain) for c in self.wrap(element).to_dense() ])

    def from_gf_dense(self, element):
        return self.from_dict(dmp_to_dict(element, self.ngens-1, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_degree(self, f):
        return gf_degree(self.to_gf_dense(f))

    def gf_LC(self, f):
        return gf_LC(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.dom)
    def gf_TC(self, f):
        return gf_TC(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.dom)

    def gf_strip(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_strip(self.to_gf_dense(f)))
    def gf_trunc(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_strip(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod))
    def gf_normal(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_strip(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_from_dict(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_from_dict(f, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_to_dict(self, f, symmetric=True):
        return gf_to_dict(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, symmetric=symmetric)

    def gf_from_int_poly(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_from_int_poly(f, self.domain.mod))
    def gf_to_int_poly(self, f, symmetric=True):
        return gf_to_int_poly(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, symmetric=symmetric)

    def gf_neg(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_neg(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_add_ground(self, f, a):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_add_ground(self.to_gf_dense(f), a, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_sub_ground(self, f, a):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_sub_ground(self.to_gf_dense(f), a, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_mul_ground(self, f, a):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_mul_ground(self.to_gf_dense(f), a, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_quo_ground(self, f, a):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_quo_ground(self.to_gf_dense(f), a, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_add(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_add(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_sub(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_sub(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_mul(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_mul(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_sqr(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_sqr(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_add_mul(self, f, g, h):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_add_mul(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.to_gf_dense(h), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_sub_mul(self, f, g, h):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_sub_mul(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.to_gf_dense(h), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_expand(self, F):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_expand(list(map(self.to_gf_dense, F)), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_div(self, f, g):
        q, r = gf_div(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return self.from_gf_dense(q), self.from_gf_dense(r)
    def gf_rem(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_rem(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_quo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_quo(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_exquo(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_exquo(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_lshift(self, f, n):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_lshift(self.to_gf_dense(f), n, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_rshift(self, f, n):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_rshift(self.to_gf_dense(f), n, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_pow(self, f, n):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_pow(self.to_gf_dense(f), n, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_pow_mod(self, f, n, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_pow_mod(self.to_gf_dense(f), n, self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_cofactors(self, f, g):
        h, cff, cfg = gf_cofactors(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return self.from_gf_dense(h), self.from_gf_dense(cff), self.from_gf_dense(cfg)
    def gf_gcd(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_gcd(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_lcm(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_lcm(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_gcdex(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_gcdex(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_monic(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_monic(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_diff(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_diff(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_eval(self, f, a):
        return gf_eval(self.to_gf_dense(f), a, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
    def gf_multi_eval(self, f, A):
        return gf_multi_eval(self.to_gf_dense(f), A, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)

    def gf_compose(self, f, g):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_compose(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.to_gf_dense(g), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_compose_mod(self, g, h, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_compose_mod(self.to_gf_dense(g), self.to_gf_dense(h), self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_trace_map(self, a, b, c, n, f):
        a = self.to_gf_dense(a)
        b = self.to_gf_dense(b)
        c = self.to_gf_dense(c)
        f = self.to_gf_dense(f)
        U, V = gf_trace_map(a, b, c, n, f, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return self.from_gf_dense(U), self.from_gf_dense(V)

    def gf_random(self, n):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_random(n, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_irreducible(self, n):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_irreducible(n, self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))

    def gf_irred_p_ben_or(self, f):
        return gf_irred_p_ben_or(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
    def gf_irred_p_rabin(self, f):
        return gf_irred_p_rabin(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
    def gf_irreducible_p(self, f):
        return gf_irreducible_p(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
    def gf_sqf_p(self, f):
        return gf_sqf_p(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)

    def gf_sqf_part(self, f):
        return self.from_gf_dense(gf_sqf_part(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom))
    def gf_sqf_list(self, f, all=False):
        coeff, factors = gf_sqf_part(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return coeff, [ (self.from_gf_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]

    def gf_Qmatrix(self, f):
        return gf_Qmatrix(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
    def gf_berlekamp(self, f):
        factors = gf_berlekamp(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return [ self.from_gf_dense(g) for g in factors ]

    def gf_ddf_zassenhaus(self, f):
        factors = gf_ddf_zassenhaus(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return [ (self.from_gf_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]
    def gf_edf_zassenhaus(self, f, n):
        factors = gf_edf_zassenhaus(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return [ self.from_gf_dense(g) for g in factors ]

    def gf_ddf_shoup(self, f):
        factors = gf_ddf_shoup(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return [ (self.from_gf_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]
    def gf_edf_shoup(self, f, n):
        factors = gf_edf_shoup(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return [ self.from_gf_dense(g) for g in factors ]

    def gf_zassenhaus(self, f):
        factors = gf_zassenhaus(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return [ self.from_gf_dense(g) for g in factors ]
    def gf_shoup(self, f):
        factors = gf_shoup(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return [ self.from_gf_dense(g) for g in factors ]

    def gf_factor_sqf(self, f, method=None):
        coeff, factors = gf_factor_sqf(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom, method=method)
        return coeff, [ self.from_gf_dense(g) for g in factors ]
    def gf_factor(self, f):
        coeff, factors = gf_factor(self.to_gf_dense(f), self.domain.mod, self.domain.dom)
        return coeff, [ (self.from_gf_dense(g), k) for g, k in factors ]