Title of Invention: MOBILE OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE
Abstract: 
A mobile offshore wind turbine may include a column, a base and a plurality of turbine blades. In one embodiment, the column is at a center piece of the base and a plurality of connecting rods radially extending from the column to connect with the turbine blade. The base may also include a side piece disposed on both sides of the center piece to increase the stability of the base. The turbine blade has a blade surface that resembles the shape of a sail, and the turbine blade is rotatably disposed on the corresponding connecting rod and vertically aligned with the column. In another embodiment, a controller may be disposed on the turbine blade to detect the direction of the wind and further control the moving direction of the mobile wind turbine.

Detailed Description: 

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to offshore wind turbines, and more particularly to mobile offshore wind turbines that can be moved when the direction of the wind changes to enhance the electricity generation efficiency.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Offshore wind power refers to the construction of wind farms in bodies of water to generate electricity from wind. It has become increasingly difficult to find suitable locations for the wind farms on land. On many occasions, there has been a lot of opposition against placement of wind turbines due mainly to the noise produced by the wind turbines and aesthetic effects of the placement of wind turbines. Furthermore, for wind turbines to be able work efficiently, a windy and open area free from trees and buildings etc. is needed which is not always readily available.
Recently, it has become more popular to place wind turbines or wind parks in sea, either close to the coast (near-shore) or offshore. Larger areas can be available for offshore wind turbines, and the wind may be more constant and of higher velocity on sea than on land, and wind shear is generally reduced. Also, with reduced noise constraints, wind turbines can rotate at higher speeds.
Furthermore, offshore wind power can help to reduce energy imports, reduce air pollution and greenhouse gases, meet renewable electricity standards, and create jobs and local business opportunities. Also, the wind is much stronger off the coasts, and unlike wind over the continent, offshore breezes can be strong in the afternoon, matching the time when people are using the most electricity. Offshore turbines can also be “located close to the power-hungry populations along the coasts, eliminating the need for new overland transmission lines.
However, the offshore wind power is considered the most expensive energy generating technology due to the scale thereof. For example, for non-floating offshore wind turbines, the offshore repair and maintenance costs are high due to travel, distance, downtime and removal of such foundations after closure and decommissioning of the wind farm. Also, the non-floating offshore wind turbines can be vulnerable to bad weather conditions and by poor installation accessibility. Furthermore, fixed foundation offshore wind farms have only been used commercially in water depth up to about 30 meters, which can only harvest a small percentage of the globally available offshore wind energy.
More recently, floating wind turbines have been developed and used in deeper water further away from the shore. U.S. Pat. No. 8,471,396 to Roddier et al. (hereinafter “the '396 patent”) discloses a floating wind turbine platform including at least three columns and an active ballast system that moves water ballast between the columns to keep the tower vertically aligned, as shown in FIG. 1. Furthermore, the '396 patent discloses one or more additional features, such as an asymmetric mooring system and an active ballast system that facilitate production of a structure that can not only withstand environmental loads, but is also relatively light weight when compared to other platform designs and can lead to better economics for energy production. However, even for the floating wind turbines as disclosed in the '396 patent, the mobility thereof is very limited. Also, the manufacturing costs to build the floating wind turbines are still very high. Furthermore, the floating wind turbines may still be vulnerable to bad weather conditions.
As shown in FIG. 2, U.S. Pat. Pub. No. 2013/0266453 to Moiret discloses an offshore wind turbine foundation including a platform carrying a support for the wind turbine tower in its central region, and a plurality of leg guides in its peripheral region; and a plurality of legs which may be movable between a raised position for transport and lowered positions for resting on the seabed. Like the floating wind turbines disclosed in the '396 patent, the wind turbine discloses by Moiret also has limited mobility, which may lead to the vulnerability to bad weather condition. Therefore, there remains a need for a new and improved wind turbine to overcome the problems stated above.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile offshore wind turbine that can be moved when the direction of the wind changes to enhance the electricity generation efficiency.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a mobile offshore wind turbine to reduce manufacturing costs thereof.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a mobile offshore wind turbine that can be moved to a safer place to avoid being damaged by bad weather.
In one embodiment, a mobile offshore wind turbine may include a column, a base and a plurality of turbine blades. In one embodiment, the column is at a center piece of the base and a plurality of connecting rods radially extending from the column to connect with the turbine blade. The base may also include a side piece disposed on both sides of the center piece to increase the stability of the base. The turbine blade has a blade surface that resembles the shape of a sail, and the turbine blade is rotatably disposed on the corresponding connecting rod and vertically aligned with the column.
In another embodiment, when the wind direction is substantially parallel to the blade surface of the turbine blades, the wind can actually drive the mobile wind turbine to move along the wind direction. It is noted a controller may be disposed on the turbine blade to detect the direction of the wind and further control the moving direction of the mobile wind turbine.
In a further embodiment, when the wind direction is not substantially parallel to the blade surface of the turbine blades, each turbine blade can be driven by the wind to further drive the column to generate electricity. More specifically, the controller on each turbine blade is configured to change the direction of the blade surface corresponding to the wind direction, so that the turbine blade can continuously rotate to drive the column. In an exemplary embodiment, the controllers on each turbine blade can all be controlled by the control center to maximize electricity production.
Comparing with conventional floating wind turbine, the present invention has the following advantages: (i) the offshore wind turbine is mobile when the wind direction is substantially parallel to the blade surface of the turbine blades. The wind can actually drive the wind turbine to move along the wind direction; (ii) the controller is disposed on each turbine blade to control the direction of the blade surface so that the turbine blade can continuously rotate to drive the column to maximize electricity production; and (iii) when the weather condition changes, the controller can be actuated to move the wind turbine to a safer place to avoid being damaged by bad weather.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a prior art disclosing a floating wind turbine platform including at least three columns and an active ballast system that moves water ballast between the columns to keep the tower vertically aligned.
FIG. 2 is another prior art disclosing an offshore wind turbine foundation.
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic top view of the mobile offshore wind turbine in the present invention.
FIGS. 4 to 5 illustrate a schematic view of the mobile offshore wind turbine in the present invention when the wind turbine is moving along the wind direction.
FIGS. 6 to 8 illustrate a schematic view of the mobile offshore wind turbine in the present invention when the turbine blades are rotating to generate electricity.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The detailed description set forth below is intended as a description of the presently exemplary device provided in accordance with aspects of the present invention and is not intended to represent the only forms in which the present invention may be prepared or utilized. It is to be understood, rather, that the same or equivalent functions and components may be accomplished by different embodiments that are also intended to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although any methods, devices and materials similar or equivalent to those described can be used in the practice or testing of the invention, the exemplary methods, devices and materials are now described.
All publications mentioned are incorporated by reference for the purpose of describing and disclosing, for example, the designs and methodologies that are described in the publications that might be used in connection with the presently described invention. The publications listed or discussed above, below and throughout the text are provided solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present application. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the inventors are not entitled to antedate such disclosure by virtue of prior invention.
As stated above, floating wind turbines have been developed and used in deeper water further away from the shore. However, the mobility of the floating wind turbine is very limited and the manufacturing cost thereof is still high. Also, due to the limited mobility, the floating wind turbine is vulnerable to bad weather conditions. In order to further understand the goal, characteristics and effect of the present invention, a number of embodiments along with the drawings are illustrated as following:
Referring to FIG. 3, a mobile offshore wind turbine 300 may include a column 310, a base 320 and a plurality of turbine blades 330. In one embodiment, the column 310 is at a center piece 322 of the base 320 and a plurality of connecting rods 312 radially extending from the column 310 to connect with the turbine blade 330. The base 320 may also include a side piece 324 disposed on both sides of the center piece 322 to increase the stability of the base 320. The turbine blade 330 has a blade surface 332 that resembles the shape of a sail, and the turbine blade 330 is rotatably disposed on the corresponding connecting rod 312 and vertically aligned with the column 310.
Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 for another embodiment, when the wind direction is substantially parallel to the blade surface 332 of the turbine blades 330, the wind can actually drive the mobile wind turbine to move along the direction of the wind. It is noted a controller 334 may be disposed on the turbine blade 330 to detect the direction of the wind and further control the moving direction of the mobile wind turbine 300. In a further embodiment, the controller can transmit the detection results to a control center (not shown) that can incorporate the detection results and the weather condition to generate an optimized route for the mobile wind turbines.
Referring to FIGS. 6 to 8 for a further embodiment, when the wind direction is not substantially parallel to the blade surface 332 of the turbine blades 330, each turbine blade 330 is driven by the wind to further drive the column 310 to generate electricity. More specifically, the controller 334 on each turbine blade 330 is configured to change the direction of the blade surface 332 corresponding to the wind direction, so that the turbine blade 330 can continuously rotate to drive the column 310. In an exemplary embodiment, the controllers 334 on each turbine blade 330 can all be controlled by the control center to maximize electricity production.
When the weather condition changes, the controller 334 can detect the wind direction and may change the blade surface 332 from FIG. 8 to FIG. 3, so that the wind turbine 300 can accordingly move along the wind direction to a safer place to avoid being damaged by the bad weather. Likewise, the controller 334 on each turbine blade 330 can be collectively controlled by the control center, so that the movement of the mobile wind turbine can be well managed.
According to the embodiments described above, the present invention has the following advantages: (i) the offshore wind turbine 300 is mobile when the wind direction is substantially parallel to the blade surface 332 of the turbine blades 330. The wind can actually drive the wind turbine 300 to move along the direction of the wind; (ii) the controller 334 is disposed on each turbine blade 330 to control the direction of the blade surface 332 so that the turbine blade 330 can continuously rotate to drive the column 310 to maximize electricity production; and (iii) when the weather condition changes, the controller 334 can be actuated to move the wind turbine 300 to a safer place to avoid being damaged by bad weather.
Having described the invention by the description and illustrations above, it should be understood that these are exemplary of the invention and are not to be considered as limiting. Accordingly, the invention is not to be considered as limited by the foregoing description, but includes any equivalents.



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