Title of Invention: Basketball having a reduced moment of inertia Abstract: A basketball configured for organized, competitive play and having a total mass. The basketball includes an inflatable, generally spherical bladder, a set of winding surrounding the bladder, an elastomeric layer surrounding the set of windings and the bladder, and a plurality of cover panels positioned over the elastomeric layer. The bladder has a bladder mass that is greater than 25 percent of the total mass. The elastomeric layer and the set of windings have a collective mass that is less than 55 percent of the total mass. Detailed Description: Part general_description_paragraphs: Part RELATED U.S. APPLICATION DATA: The present application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/212,932 filed on Mar. 14, 2014, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/071,384, filed on Nov. 4, 2013, which claims the benefit of the filing date under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. Nos. 61/724,668, filed on Nov. 9, 2012; 61/798,738, filed on Mar. 15, 2013; 61/788,304, filed on Mar. 15, 2013; 61/799,851, filed on Mar. 15, 2013; 61/800,972 field on Mar. 15, 2013; and 61/891,497, filed on Oct. 16, 2013, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Part FIELD OF THE INVENTION: The present invention relates generally to a basketball. In particular, the present invention relates to a basketball having an improved construction to improve the playability of the basketball. Part BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION: Basketballs are well known, and typically include an inflatable bladder covered with a layer of windings and encased in a rubber layer, and a plurality of cover panels are positioned over the rubber layer. The cover panels are commonly formed of rubber, leather, or a synthetic leather. There is a continuing need to improve the construction of basketballs to improve a player's ability to shoot the ball and to shoot the ball at a higher shooting percentage. Basketball shots from proficient basketball players typically share at least one common attribute. Proficient basketball shooters typically place a back spin on the ball as they shoot. A basketball shot with a back spin has a higher likelihood of being a made basket than a basketball shot without back spin. A continuing need exists for a basketball that is configured to enable a player to easily impart a spin to the ball when shooting. A need also exists for a basketball that has a soft bounce of the rim thereby increasing the likelihood of a shot falling through the basketball rim upon impact with the rim and/or the backboard. What is needed is a basketball that improves the player's ability to easily grasp, handle, pass, shoot, dribble and otherwise control the ball during use without radically departing from the ball's traditional design. There is also an ever present need to improve the feel of a basketball during play. Part SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The present invention provides a basketball configured for organized, competitive play and having a total mass. The basketball includes an inflatable, generally spherical bladder, a set of winding surrounding the bladder, an elastomeric layer surrounding the set of windings and the bladder, and a plurality of cover panels positioned over the elastomeric layer. The bladder has a bladder mass that is greater than 25 percent of the total mass. The elastomeric layer and the set of windings have a collective mass that is less than 55 percent of the total mass. This invention will become more fully understood from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings described herein below, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts. Part DETAILED DESCRIPTION: Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 a basketball is indicated kimberly73@example.net. The basketball 10 is a generally spherical inflatable object. The present invention is applicable to basketballs in general including basketballs 10 configured for organized competitive play. One such basketball can be a size 7, game-quality basketball having a circumference of 29.5 inches and a weight within the range of 566 to 625 grams. In one implementation, the weight of a size 7 basketball is within the range of 575 to 605 grams. The basketball 10 preferably includes a bladder 12, a layer of windings 14, an elastomeric layer 16, and a cover assembly 18. The assembly of the bladder 12, the layer of windings 14 and the elastomeric layer 16 cured in a carcass-forming mold is commonly referred to as a carcass 20. In one implementation, the cover assembly 18 includes a plurality of cover panels 22 spaced apart by a set of channels 26 that include a set of strips 24. The bladder 12 is an inflatable air tube preferably having a generally spherical shape. The bladder 12 enables the basketball 10 to retain a predetermined amount of air thereby achieving the desired air pressure within, or firmness to, the basketball 10. The bladder 12 is typically made of butyl rubber, natural rubber, latex, other elastic materials or combinations thereof. The bladder 12 includes a valve (see 470 of FIG. 8) for facilitating inflation of bladder 12. The valve is secured to the exterior of bladder 12 and comprises an inflation tube that extends into the bladder 12, windings 14, and the elastomeric layer 16. The valve is configured to allow air to enter the bladder 12 through use of an inflation needle (not shown) and, when removed, retain the air within the bladder 12. In one implementation, the bladder 12 is formed of a rubber compound having a density of 1.12 g/cm3. The layer of windings 14 includes one or more elongate reinforcing threads, which are wound around, or applied to, the inflated bladder 12. The layer of windings 14 reinforce the bladder 16 and retain the generally spherical shape of the bladder 16. In one implementation, the reinforcing thread may be further coated or covered with a viscous material, such as a latex adhesive. In one implementation, the reinforcing thread is passed through a viscous adhesive material prior to being wound about bladder 12. In one implementation, the threads forming windings 14 are formed of a high tensile strength material, such as nylon. In other implementations, the thread forming the windings 14 may comprise other materials, such as a polyurethane, other elastomeric materials, and nylon/urethane combinations. In one particular implementation, the windings 14 can be comprised of 2100 meters of 210 denier Nylon thread. The windings 14 reinforce the bladder 12 to assist in retaining the generally spherical shape of bladder 12. In another implementation, the layer of windings may be replaced by a plurality of textile patches adhesively applied to the outer surface of the bladder 12. The layer of elastomeric material 16 is applied in the form of uncured segments, patches or panels of an elastomeric material, such as a rubber compound, over the bladder 12 and the windings 14. In one implementation, the rubber compound can include a foaming agent to produce sponge rubber once cured. The segments of elastomeric material are applied over, and enclose, the wound bladder. Alternatively, the segments of elastomeric material can be applied to the surface of a carcass-forming mold. The density of the windings 14 with its adhesive coating and the layer of elastomeric material 16 can be approximately 0.93 g/cm3. The assembly of the bladder 12, the windings 14 and the elastomeric material 16 can be positioned within the carcass-forming mold and molded under heat and pressure to form the carcass 20. It is common for a portion of the layer of elastomeric material 16 to impregnate, bond to, or otherwise engage the layer of windings 14 during the carcass-molding process. In one implementation, the layer of elastomeric material 18 is a sponge rubber compound wherein the foaming agent activates during the carcass molding process. The rubber base in the sponge rubber compound can be chosen from butyl rubber, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, synthetic thermoplastic material, other elastomeric materials and/or combinations thereof. In other implementations, the elastomeric layer 16 can be made of other materials such as latex, a butyl rubber, a natural rubber, a synthetic rubber, a synthetic polymeric plastic material, or other elastomeric materials. In one particular implementation, the elastomeric material is a sponge rubber compound comprising natural rubber, butyl rubber and synthetic polybutadiene as described in Table 1, wherein the quantities listed are the amount of each ingredient in grams per batch of the rubber compound. In other implementations, other rubber or polymeric compounds can be used. TABLE 1 Sponge Rubber Compound QUANTITY (grams) PER BATCH (EX. BATCH SIZE INGREDIENT OF 183.18 grams) Natural Rubber RSS No. 1 60.00 Polybutadiene BRO1 20.00 Styrene Butadiene SBR1778 20.00 Zinc Oxide 4.80 Accelerator, M 0.50 Accelerator, DM 0.60 Accelerator, TS 0.18 Sulfur 2.40 Antioxidant Sp 0.50 Antioxidant NS 0.60 Calcium Carbonate Hakuenka CC. 40.00 Carbonic Black FEF 10.00 Carbonic Black HAF 10.00 Process bil 8.00 Stearic Acid 1.00 Foaming Agent Cellmike 4.50 Total Batch: 183.18 The carcass-forming mold can include an arrangement of recesses, grooves, and/or projections to form the shape and structure of an outer surface of the carcass 20, after the carcass 20 is molded and cured. In one implementation, the carcass-forming mold produces the set of inwardly extending channels 26. The channels 26 defines a plurality of cover attachment regions about the outer surface of the carcass 20. In one implementation, the carcass 20 defines at least two, and less than or equal to sixteen, cover attachment regions. In particular implementations, the carcass defines eight, ten or twelve cover attachment regions. Each cover attachment region is configured to receive one of the plurality of cover panels 22. The set of channels 26 can be filled with the set of strips 24. The cover assembly 18 is preferably comprised of the plurality of cover panels 22 and strips 24. In one implementation, the cover panels 22 include at least two cover panels 22 and less than or equal to sixteen cover panels 22. In particular implementations, the cover panels 22 includes eight, ten or twelve cover panels 22. The cover panels 22 are single or multi-layered sheets of material that are coupled to the cover attachment regions of the carcass 20. Preferably, the cover panels 22 are laminated to the cover attachment regions of the carcass 12. Alternatively, the cover panels 22 can be attached to the carcass 20 by other means, such as, for example, stitching, molding, pressing, bonding, and combinations thereof. The cover panels 22 preferably include peripheral edges that extend to the channels 26. The set of strips 24 are placed within and over the set of channels 26 between the cover panels 22. In one implementation, the cover assembly 18 covers the entire outer surface of the carcass 20. The cover assembly 18 is configured for impact with one or more playing surfaces and for contact with players. In one implementation, one or both of the cover panels 22 and the set of strips 24 can include a pebbled texture. The cover panels 22 preferably include an outer layer 30 coupled to a backing 32. The outer layer 30 is formed or applied to the backing 32 such that a portion of the outer layer 30 impregnates, extends into, or otherwise engages the backing 32. Alternatively, the outer layer 30 can be attached to the backing 32 through an adhesive, bonding, stitching, or other conventional means. The outer layer 30 is preferably formed of a wear-resistant, resilient material having a high coefficient of friction value (or a high level of grip-ability). The material used to produce the outer layer 30 can be a natural rubber, a butyl rubber, natural leather, synthetic leather, a polyurethane, a thermoplastic material, a thermoset material, or other synthetic polymeric materials. The outer layer 30 can include alpha and/or graphical indicia 38. The indicia 38 can be a logo, a trademark, instructions, a design or other configuration. The backing 32 is configured to increase the tensile strength of the cover panels 22. The backing 32 is made of a soft material, preferably a felt-like fabric. In one implementation, the backing 32 can be formed of micro-fibers. Alternatively, the backing 32 can be formed of other materials, such as, for example, other woven or unwoven fabrics, plastic, an elastomer, a rubber, and combinations thereof. The backing 32 is preferably configured to contact the outer surface of the carcass 20 In one implementation, peripheral regions of the backing 32 (and/or the outer layer 30) can be skived (tapered or thinned out) to produce a recess in the outer surface of the basketball 10 near the set of ribs 24. In implementation, the thickness of the cover panel can remain generally constant over the entire cover panel, and the contour of the carcass can be configured to provide recessed regions adjacent the channels 26 (or outwardly projecting ribs). The set of strips 24 can have a similar construction as that of the cover panels 22. The strips 24 can include an outer layer 34 and a strip backing 36, which can be substantially similar to the outer layer 30 and the backing 32 of the cover panels 22. The outer layer 34 is typically formed of a different color than the color of the outer layer 30 of the cover panel 22. In one implementation, the outer layer 30 is orange and the outer layer 34 is black. In other implementations, other color combinations or patterns can be used. In an effort to improve the performance of a basketball, the inventors have identified that by reducing the moment of inertia (MOI) of the basketball, the basketball can exhibit improved performance characteristics. The MOI is measured with respect to a center point of the basketball. Several approaches to reducing the MOI of a basketball have been identified and are contemplated under the present invention. A player can more readily impart a spin onto a basketball having a reduced MOI when shooting. Additionally, players can induce more spin onto the ball during shooting when the basketball has a configuration that provides a reduced MOI over conventional basketball constructions. A basketball shot with a proper backspin in the range of 150 to 200 rpm has a higher likelihood of being a made basketball shot than a basketball shot with a backspin less than 100 rpm. Accordingly, a basketball having a reduced MOI can improve a players shooting ability, shooting percentage and overall performance. The reduced MOI basketball provides a reduced bounce or rebound off of the rim thereby making a shot with a reduced MOI ball softer and more likely to bounce into the basket following a shot off of the rim and/or backboard than the same shot with a basketball of conventional construction. The basketball with a reduced MOI provides greater maneuverability and is easier to use than a conventional basketball. Accordingly, a reduced MOI basketball is more easily handled during dribbling, passing and other in game ball movement activities. Still further, because the reduced MOI basketball is easier to use, a player can maintain a higher energy level when handling and shooting the basketball and become less fatigued. A size 7, game-quality basketball configured for organized competitive play can include the characteristics of Table 2 below. W/A refers to the windings 14 with adhesive, and sponge rubber refers to the elastomeric layer 16 molded over the windings 14. TABLE 2 W/A + Sponge Bladder Rubber Carcass Cover Panels Total Volume (cm3) 106.6 384.2 490.8 275.1 Inner Radius (cm) 11.475 11.544 11.475 11.769 Outer Radius (cm) 11.544 11.769 11.769 11.926 Density (g/cm3) 1.124 0.93 0.416 Mass (g) 129.5 355.7 485.2 114.8 600 MOI (kg cm2) 11.44 32.08 43.52 10.92 54.41 The basketball 10 having a reduced MOI can take a variety of different forms. The following tables illustrate representative implementations of basketballs having a reduced MOI. Table 3 below illustrates one set of implementations of the present invention, wherein the thickness of the individual layers of the basketball 10 remain the same, but mass is shifted inward from the elastomeric layer 16 to the bladder 12. FIG. 3 illustrates a basketball 10 configured in accordance with an implementation of Table 3. The shift in mass in this implementation can be accomplished by reducing fillers in the composition of the elastomeric layer and increasing the foaming agent to produce a lighter, less dense elastomeric layer 16. The bladder 12 can be formed with additional fillers to increase its density. Table 3 shows the shifting of mass in 25 gram increments. In alternative implementations, other the mass may be shifted in other amounts. In the implementations of Table 3, the basketball 10 has a total mass of 600.0 grams. In other implementations other total mass values within the acceptable weight range for a particular size basketball for a particular application can be used. TABLE 3 Constant Thickness, Transfer of Mass Inward W/A + Sponge Cover Ball % Bladder Bladder Rubber Panels Total MOI % Change % of Mass Layer Mass Mass (kg Change in Spin Total (g) (g) (g) (g) cm2) in MOI Rate Mass 129.5 355.7 114.8 600.0 54.4 0 0 21.6 154.5 330.7 114.8 600.0 54.35 0.104 0.052 25.7 179.5 305.7 114.8 600.0 54.29 0.209 0.104 29.9 204.5 280.7 114.8 600.0 54.23 0.314 0.157 34.1 229.5 255.7 114.8 600.0 54.17 0.418 0.209 38.2 254.5 230.7 114.8 600.0 54.12 0.522 0.262 42.4 As shown in Table 3, basketballs configured in accordance with the implementation of Table 3 with mass shifted from the elastomeric layer 16 to the bladder 12 results in a reduction in the MOI and an increase in the spin rate of a basketball when undergoing a typical shot attempt. Table 4 below illustrates one set of implementations of the present invention, wherein the overall mass of a basketball 100 is reduced by removing 15 grams of weight from the elastomeric layer 16, the thickness of the individual layers of the remain the same, and additional mass is shifted inward from the elastomeric layer 16 to the bladder 12. FIG. 4 illustrates the basketball 100 configured in accordance with an implementation of Table 4. The basketball 100 is substantially similar to the basketball 10 except the elastomeric layers 16 has a density that is further reduced. The removal of, and shift in, mass in this implementation can be accomplished by reducing fillers in the composition of the elastomeric layer and increasing the foaming agent to produce a lighter, less dense elastomeric layer 16. The bladder 12 can be formed with additional fillers to increase its density. Table 4 shows the removal of 15 grams of weight, and then the shifting of mass in 25 gram increments. In alternative implementations, other amounts of mass may be removed and/or shifted. In the implementations of Table 4, the basketball 10 has a total mass of 585 grams, which remains in the acceptable range of 566 to 625 grams for size 7 game balls for organized competitive play. In other implementations other total mass values within the acceptable weight range for a particular size basketball for a particular application can be used. TABLE 4 Constant Thickness, Reduction in Weight and Transfer of Mass Inward W/A + Sponge Cover Ball % Bladder Bladder Rubber Panels Total MOI % Change % of Mass Layer Mass Mass (kg Change in Spin Total (g) (g) (g) (g) cm2) in MOI Rate Mass 129.5 355.7 114.8 600 54.4 0 0 21.6 129.5 340.7 114.8 585 53.05 2.48 1.26 22.1 154.5 315.7 114.8 585 52.99 2.58 1.32 26.4 179.5 290.7 114.8 585 52.94 2.69 1.37 30.7 204.5 265.7 114.8 585 52.88 2.79 1.42 35.0 229.5 240.7 114.8 585 52.83 2.9 1.48 39.2 254.5 215.7 114.8 585 52.77 3 1.53 43.5 As shown in Table 4, basketballs configured in accordance with the implementation of Table 4 with mass removed from the elastomeric layer 16, and additional mass shifted from the elastomeric layer 16 to the bladder 12 results in an even greater reduction in the MOI and a greater increase in the spin rate of a basketball when undergoing a typical shot attempt than present in the implementations of Table 3. Table 5 below illustrates one set of implementations of the present invention, wherein the overall mass of a basketball 200 is reduced by shifting mass inward from the elastomeric layer 16 to the bladder 12. The additional mass is added to the bladder by increasing the thickness of the bladder 12 by increments of 0.02 cm. The density of the bladder 12 remains constant with respect to the base case of Table 2. FIG. 5 illustrates the basketball 200 configured in accordance with an implementation of Table 5. The basketball 200 is substantially similar to the basketball 10 except the elastomeric layers 16 has a density that is further reduced, and the bladder 12 has increased thickness. The shift in mass in this implementation can be accomplished by reducing fillers in the composition of the elastomeric layer and increasing the foaming agent to produce a lighter, less dense elastomeric layer 16. Table 5 shows the shifting of mass in 36-37 gram increments. In alternative implementations, other amounts of mass may be removed and/or shifted. In the implementations of Table 5, the basketball 200 has a total mass of 600 grams, which remains in the acceptable range of 566 to 625 grams for size 7 game balls for organized competitive play. The basketball 10 of Table 5 also has a diameter of 11.926 cm. In other implementations other total mass values within the acceptable weight range for a particular size basketball for a particular application can be used. TABLE 5 Transfer of Mass Inward and Increase in Thickness of Bladder W/A + Sponge Bladder Bladder Bladder Rubber Cover Ball % Bladder % of Inner Outer Bladder Layer Panels Total MOI % Change % of Total Radius Radius Mass Mass Mass Mass (kg Change in Spin Total Thick- (cm) (cm) (g) (g) (g) (g) cm2) in MOI Rate Mass ness 11.475 11.544 129.5 356.1 114.8 600 54.4 0 0 21.6 15.3 11.455 11.544 166.2 319 114.8 600 54.3 0.202 0.101 27.7 18.9 11.435 11.544 203.2 282 114.8 600 54.17 0.425 0.213 33.9 22.2 11.415 11.544 240.1 245.1 114.8 600 54.04 0.667 0.335 40.0 25.2 11.395 11.544 276.9 208.3 114.8 600 53.9 0.929 0.467 46.2 28.1 11.375 11.544 313.5 171.7 114.8 600 53.74 1.211 0.611 52.2 30.7 As shown in Table 5, basketballs configured in accordance with the implementation of Table 5 with mass removed from the elastomeric layer 16 and shifted to the bladder 12, and the thickness of the bladder 12 increasing results in a reduction in the MOI and an increase in the spin rate of a basketball when undergoing a typical shot attempt than present in a base case basketball construction of Table 2. Table 6 below illustrates one set of implementations of the present invention. The implementations of Table 6 are similar to those of Table 5, except the overall mass of a basketball 200 is reduced by removing 15 grams of weight from the elastomeric layer 16, and the overall mass of a basketball 200 is shifted inward from the elastomeric layer 16 to the bladder 12. Additional mass is added to the bladder by increasing the thickness of the bladder 12 by increments of 0.02 cm. The density of the bladder 12 remains constant with respect to the base case of Table 2. FIG. 5 illustrates the basketball 200 configured in accordance with an implementation of Table 5 and Table 6. The basketball 200 is substantially similar to the basketball 10 except the elastomeric layers 16 has a density that is further reduced, and the bladder 12 has increased thickness. The shift in mass in this implementation can be accomplished by reducing fillers in the composition of the elastomeric layer and increasing the foaming agent to produce a lighter, less dense elastomeric layer 16. Table 6 shows the shifting of mass in 36-37 gram increments. In the implementations of Table 6, the basketball 200 has a total mass of 585 grams, which remains in the acceptable range of 566 to 625 grams for size 7 game balls for organized competitive play. In alternative implementations, other amounts of mass may be removed and/or shifted. TABLE 6 Transfer of Mass Inward and Increase in Thickness of Bladder W/A + Sponge Bladder Bladder Rubber Cover Ball % Inner Outer Bladder Layer Panels MOI % Change Radius Radius Mass Mass Mass Total (kg Change in Spin (cm) (cm) (g) (g) (g) Mass cm2) in MOI Rate 11.475 11.544 129.5 355.7 114.8 600 54.4 0 0 11.475 11.544 129.5 340.7 114.8 585 53.04 2.49 1.27 11.455 11.544 167.2 303 114.8 585 52.93 2.7 1.37 11.435 11.544 204.2 266 114.8 585 52.82 2.92 1.49 11.415 11.544 240.1 230.1 114.8 585 52.68 3.17 1.62 11.395 11.544 276.9 193.3 114.8 585 52.54 3.43 1.76 As shown in Table 6, basketballs configured in accordance with weight removed from the basketball and with mass transferred from the elastomeric layer 16 and shifted to the bladder 12, and the thickness of the bladder 12 increasing results in a significant MOT reduction and an increase in the spin rate of a basketball when undergoing a typical shot attempt than present in a base case basketball construction of Table 2. Table 7 below illustrates one set of implementations of the present invention. The implementations of Table 7 are similar to those of Table 5, except the overall mass of a basketball 200 is shifted from the elastomeric layer 16 to the bladder 12 by increasing the density of the bladder and by increasing the thickness of the bladder 12 by increments of 0.02 cm. FIG. 6 illustrates the basketball 300 configured in accordance with an implementation of Table 7. Additionally, the thickness of the cover layer 18 is increased, thereby moving the bladder 12 further closer to the center of the basketball 300. The shift in mass in this implementation can be accomplished by reducing fillers in the composition of the elastomeric layer and increasing the foaming agent to produce a lighter, less dense elastomeric layer 16. Table 7 shows the shifting of mass of the bladder and the sponge rubber layer by certain increments. In alternative implementations, other amounts of mass may be removed and/or shifted. TABLE 7 Transfer of Mass Inward, Increase in Cover Panel Thickness, and Increase in the Density and Thickness of Bladder W/A + Sponge Density W/A + Bladder Bladder Rubber Cover Cover Ball % Density of Sp. Inner Outer Bladder Layer Panel Panels Total MOI % Delta Density of Cover Rubber Radius Radius Mass Mass Thick- Mass Mass (kg Delta in Spin Bladder Carcass Panels Thick- (cm) (cm) (g) (g) ness (g) (g) cm2) in MOI Rate (g/cm3) (g/cm3) (g/cm3) ness 11.475 11.544 129.5 355.7 0.157 114.8 600 54.4 0 0 1.127 0.926 0.415 0.225 11.425 11.514 166.2 319 0.167 114.8 600 54.11 0.53 0.265 1.130 0.765 0.390 0.245 11.375 11.484 204.2 281 0.177 114.8 600 53.79 1.11 0.561 1.14 0.625 0.368 0.265 11.325 11.454 240.1 245.1 0.187 114.8 600 53.46 1.73 0.874 1.142 0.509 0.349 0.285 11.275 11.424 276.9 208.3 0.197 114.8 600 53.10 2.38 1.213 1.148 0.406 0.331 0.305 11.225 11.394 313.5 171.7 0.207 114.8 600 52.73 3.08 1.575 1.154 0.315 0.316 0.325 Table 7 illustrates that the mass and the thickness of the layers can be varied to move more mass of the basketball 300 closer to the center of the ball and thereby reduce the MOI of the basketball 300. The implementations of Table 7 can result in a reduction of MOI that is greater than 3 percent from a typical game ball. Table 8 below illustrates one set of implementations of the present invention. The implementations of Table 8 are similar to those of Table 4, except that 15 grams of mass or weight of the basketball 400 can be transferred from the elastomeric layer 16, and positioned at the center of the bladder 412. The overall mass of the basketball 400 can be further shifted inward from the elastomeric layer 16 to the bladder 12 by increasing the density of the bladder 412. Unlike Table 4, the total mass of the ball remains 600 grams as weight is shifted to the bladder due to the 15 grams of mass positioned at the center of the bladder 412. FIGS. 7 through 22 illustrates the basketball 400 configured in accordance with multiple implementations of Table 8. The basketball 400 is substantially similar to the basketball 10 except the elastomeric layers 16 has a density that is further reduced, and the bladder 12 has increased density. In an alternative implementation, the bladder can be have its mass shifted by increasing its thickness. TABLE 8 Transfer of Mass Inward and Increase in Thickness of Bladder W/A + Sponge Cover Ball % Bladder Bladder Rubber Panels Total MOI % Change % of Mass Layer Mass Mass (kg Change in Spin Total (g) (g) (g) (g) cm2) in MOI Rate Mass 129.5 355.7 114.8 600 54.4 0 0 21.6 129.5 340.7 114.8 600 53.05 2.48 1.26 22.1 154.5 315.7 114.8 600 52.99 2.58 1.32 26.4 179.5 290.7 114.8 600 52.94 2.69 1.37 30.7 204.5 265.7 114.8 600 52.88 2.79 1.42 35.0 229.5 240.7 114.8 600 52.83 2.9 1.48 39.2 254.5 215.7 114.8 600 52.77 3 1.53 43.5 Basketballs 400 configured in accordance the implementations of Table 8 with weight removed from the elastomeric layer 16 and shifted to the bladder 12, and positioning 15 grams of weight at the center of the basketball 400 results in a significant MOI reduction and an increase in the spin rate of a basketball when undergoing a typical shot attempt than present in a base case basketball construction of Table 2. In other implementations, other amounts of mass other than 15 grains can be shifted to at or near the center of the basketball 400. Tables 3 through 8 illustrate example implementations of the present invention. In the examples the mass and thickness of the layers of the basketball are altered to shift mass or weight further toward the center of the basketball to provide reduced MOI. Any combination of such variations in the density, thickness, overall mass or composition resulting in a reduced MOI are contemplated under the present invention. FIGS. 9 through 22 illustrate alternate implementations of a bladder 412 that applies mass at or near the center of the basketball 400. Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the bladder 412 can comprise an internal tubular portion 440. The internal tubular portion 440 can include a flexible tubing extending through an intersecting a center point of basketball 400 and an outer wall 442 of the bladder 412. As a result, the outer wall 442 and tubular portion 440 can form a donut-like inflatable interior which encircles tubular portion 440. The tubular portion 440 can be sized to receive a mass, which can be an electronic chip 444 or can be a simple weight formed of a plastic, metal, ceramic or other material. Referring to FIGS. 8, 8A and 9, the electronic chip 444 is shown in association with the basketball 400. The electronic chip 444 is configured to actively transmit one or more electronic signals used to indicate the location, movement, speed, acceleration, deceleration, rotation, pressure and/or temperature of the basketball. Alternatively, the electronic chip 444 can include a passive circuit that allows for the detection of the location, movement, speed, acceleration, deceleration, rotation and/or temperature of the basketball to be ascertained when subjected to a magnetic field or other sensing system. The electronic chip 444 can have a weight or mass of 15 grams. In other implementations, the chip 444 can have other weight or mass amounts. FIG. 8A schematically illustrates one example of electronic chip 444. In one implementation, electronic chip 444 can include a substrate 446, battery 448, timer 450, light emitters 452, sound emitter 454, motion sensor 456, pressure sensor 458, location sensor 460, gripping sensor 462, transmitter 464, and controller 466. Substrate 446 comprises a chip, platform or panel to support one or more of battery 448, light emitters 452, sound emitter 454, light sensors 468, motion sensor 456, transmitter 464 and controller 466. In one implementation, substrate 446 includes several distinct portions which collectively support the aforementioned components. In one implementation, one or more of such components are supported independent of substrate 446. For example, in one implementation, controller 466 may be supported by chip 444, wherein light emitters 452 are supported by different structures at different locations within or throughout basketball 310. The substrate can be planar or take other shapes. The substrate can be rigid or flexible. Battery 448 comprises an energy storage device with supplies electrical power to at least light emitters 452 or other electronic components. In one implementation, battery 448 comprises one or more rechargeable electrical storage devices, such as one or more capacitors, supported by substrate 446 and in electrical connection with light emitters 452, either directly through one or more electrical wires or traces or through controller 466. In another implementation, battery 448 may comprise a battery that is not rechargeable. In one implementation, battery 448 comprises a removable disposable battery supported independent of substrate 446 and electrically connected to one or more components supported by substrate 446. Timer 450 comprises one or more devices that track the passage of time. In one implementation, timer 450 comprises timer circuitry which electronically or digitally tracks time. Although illustrated as being supported by substrate 446, in other implementations, timer 450 may comprise a separate component provided as part of basketball 400, but in communication with circuit chip 418. In one implementation, timer 450 may be manually or automatically synced with other timers associated with a basketball game, scrimmage, practice or the like. In some implementations, timer 450 may serve as the main or sole timer for a basketball game. In some implementations, timer 450 functions similar to a stopwatch, being started and stopped in response to signals received through transceiver 464 or in response to sensed inputs received through grip sensor 462. As will be described hereafter, signals from timer 450 or times indicated by timer 450 may be used by controller 466 as a basis for adjusting lighting characteristics of light emitters 452 or output by sound emitter 454. In some implementations, timer 450 may be omitted. Light emitters 452 comprise devices configured to emit visible light or electromagnetic radiation, wherein the emitted visible illuminates portions of basketball 310. In one implementation, light emitters 452 are supported by substrate 128 and comprise lighting elements such as light emitting diodes. In other implementations, light emitters 452 comprise other light emitting elements using other light emitting technologies. Although basketball 400 is illustrated as including two distinct light emitters 452, in other implementations, basketball 400 may include a greater or fewer of such light emitters 452. Although illustrated as being supported on support substrate 446, in other implementations, light emitters 452 may be supported distinct from substrate 446, such as along an electrical wire, an electrical trace or an electrical string supported elsewhere by basketball 400. In various implementations, selected portions of basketball 400 can be formed from materials to facilitate the transmission of light generated by the one or more of light emitters 452. For example, in one implementation, light emitters 452 are supported within a central portion or interior of basketball 400, within bladder 412. In such an implementation, at least portions of bladder 412 can be formed from one or more materials so as to be translucent or transparent to the light emitted by light emitters 452. In one implementation, the entirety of bladder 412 or substantially and entirety of bladder 412 is translucent or transparent. In another implementation, selected portions of bladder 412 are translucent or transparent. In each of the aforementioned implementations, light emitters 452 may alternatively be supported external to bladder 412, between bladder 412 and the exterior of basketball 400. In such implementations, light emitters may be supported adjacent or in near vicinity to those particular portions of basketball 400 which are translucent or transparent. In some implementations, light emitters 452 are supported directly along the exterior surface of basketball 400 or within and interior portion of basketball 400, wherein at least portions of basketball 400 outside of the light emitter are translucent or transparent. Sound emitter 454 comprises a device, such as a speaker, to emit auditable sounds in response to control signals from controller 466. In one implementation, sound emitter 454 emits beeps. In another implementation, sound emitter 454 emits speech or words. For example, in one implementation, sound emitter 454 may emit a beep or predefined series or pattern of beeps in response to a particular characteristic detected by either motion sensor 456 or pressure sensor 458, or in response to signals received via transceiver 464. In another implementation, sound emitter 454 may emit words, such as words of status, such as a number indicating a rotational speed of basketball 400, words of encouragement such as “nice shot” or words of instruction such as “change grip”, “increase backspin”, or “inflate” in response to a control signals from controller 466 based upon sensed values from motion sensor 456, pressure sensor 458, location sensor 460, or in response to signals received via transceiver 464. In some implementations, sound emitter 454 is omitted from basketball 400, wherein sounds are not generated or wherein separate and distinct sound emitters outside of basketball 400 and remote from basketball 400 are utilized to emit sounds in response to signals transmitted by basketball 400. Light sensors 468 comprise one or more light sensors that detect ambient lighting with respect to basketball 400. The detected lighting is transmitted to controller 466. One implementation, light sensors 468 may be located or supported along the exterior surface of basketball 400. In other implementations, light sensors 468 may be embedded below external surface of basketball 400, wherein overlying portions are transparent or translucent. Ambient lighting conditions detected by light sensors 468 are communicated to controller 466 for controlling an on-off-state of light emitters 452 or for adjusting the brightness of light provided by light emitters 452. In some implementations, light sensors 468 may be omitted. Motion sensor 456 comprises one or more sensors to detect motion of basketball 400. In one implementation, sensor 456 comprises an accelerometer, such as a dual axis accelerometer. In one implementation, sensor 456 comprises a sensor to detect 6 degrees of freedom or motion. In another implementation, sensor 456 can be comprised with a sensor to detect 9 degrees including linear movement, rotational movement, and movement with respect to polar axes and the ground (gravity). Conditions detected by sensor 456 are transmitted to controller 466. Signals from motion sensor 456 may indicate a rotation or spin of basketball 400, its travel arc, arc height and the like. Pressure sensor 458 comprises one or more sensors to detect an internal pressure within bladder 412. One implementation, sensor 458 comprises a pneumatic sensor that detects air pressure changes within bladder 412. The sensor 458 can be used to monitor air pressure within the bladder 412 and serve to activate the electronic circuit when a pressure fluctuation is sensed. In this manner, the sensor 458 can be used as part of the control logic of the electronic chip 444 to maximize available battery life of the electronic sensor and/or circuit. The electronic chip 444 can include shutdown logic that places the electronics of the electronic chip 444 into a standby or sleep mode until the basketball 400 is put into play. When the basketball 400 is moved, passed, kicked or punted, the air pressure within the basketball 400 can fluctuate or change. This change in air pressure is sensed by the sensor 458, which then activates the electronic chip 444 and places it in an operating mode. In an alternative example implementation, the sensor 458 can be a piezoelectric sensor The air pressure sensor 458 can also be used to indicate the air pressure within the bladder 412 and therefore the pressure of the basketball 400 itself. The signal produced through the sensor 458 and from the electronic chip 418 can be used to confirm that the air pressure is within a desired range or at a specific desired setting. For example, NBA basketballs have a recommended air pressure of 9.5 psi, and the NCAA® game basketball has a recommended air pressure range of 7 to 9 psi. If the game balls have the pressure sensor 458, one could use this information to select the most properly inflated basketball. The electronic chip 418 can also include a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the basketball 400. In some implementations, pressure sensor 458 is omitted. Location sensor 460 comprises one or more sensors to detect a location of basketball 400. In one implementation, location sensor 460 comprises a global positioning system (GPS) sensor/receiver. In another implementation, location sensor 460 may additionally or alternatively comprise a magnetometer which sensors magnetic fields or polar magnetic fields to determine a location or position of basketball 400 In one implementation, the user is instructed to stand at the approximate distance from a ferromagnetic basketball rim or other ferromagnetic reference structure. The user indicates where he or she is located or distance from the ferromagnetic reference structure. The user is then instructed to shoot the basket towards the ferromagnetic reference structure. The system uses the first location as a reference point and the first shot as reference throw (alternatively, the user can also indicate where the ferromagnetic reference structure is located). With the reference shot, the system knows when it reaches the reference structure (the magnetometer senses the polar magnetic field, but also field from the metallic reference structure). The ferromagnetic reference structure creates the equivalent of some noise or alters the polar magnetic force slightly. Once the system knows the initial shot position. It knows that the user was facing the reference structure at a known distance feet away, and that the user was directly in front of the reference structure. The location and shot are subsequently utilized as a reference. Then, with all subsequent positions for basketball 400, such references are used to determine subsequent locations of the basketball. In one implementation, subsequent shots are analyzed using 6 degree of freedom sensors (one sensor covers 3 directions of ball movement with respect to the x, y and z axes, the second sensor is referencing gravitational pull with respect to the x, y and z axes, and the distance to the ground, and the magnetometer measures the strength of the magnetic field to know where it is in relation to north) and the magnetometer. In some implementations, one or more of motion sensor 456, position sensor 458, or location sensor 460 are omitted. Grip sensor 462 comprises one or more sensors located in or on basketball 400 to detect manual gripping of basketball 400. For example, in one implementation, grip sensors 462 comprise pressure, contact other types of sensors on the surface of or within grooves 26. Such sensors provide electrical signals to chip 418 and controller 466 indicating that basketball 400 is being manually gripped along grooves 26 or strips 24 or how grooves 26 are currently being contacted or gripped by a person's hand. In other implementations, gripping sensors 462 may be omitted. Transceiver 464 comprises a device to transmit and receive signals with respect to a device distinct from basketball 400. In one implementation, transceiver 464 facilitates communication between controller 466 and a local or wide area network such as a phone network or the Internet. In one implementation, transceiver 464 additionally or alternatively facilitates communication between controller 466 and a portable electronic device, such as a cell phone, a smart phone, a flash player, a personal data assistant, a notebook, netbook or laptop computer or the like. Such communication may comprise the transmission of selections or commands to controller 466 and basketball 400 or the output of data from basketball 400 for remote or external analysis, storage and visual or graphical representation. In one implementation, transceiver 464 may comprise a Bluetooth transceiver. In another implementation, transceiver 464 may comprise a radiofrequency transceiver. In some implementations, transceiver 464 may be omitted. Controller 466 comprises one or more integrated circuits or processing units to generate control signals directing the operation of light emitters 452 and sound emitter 454 based upon information received from sensors 468, 456, 458, 460, 462 and control or data signals received through transceiver 464. In one implementation, controller 466 generates control signals that control the emission of light by light emitters 452. In one implementation, the chip 444 can include a potting compound comprises a mass of solid compound at least substantially encapsulating, if not completely encapsulating, electronics. For purposes of this disclosure, the term “encapsulate” or “encapsulating” refers to a body or mass of material that contacts and closely conforms to the shape of the item being encapsulated which occurs as a result of the mass of material by being applied to the item being encapsulated while in a liquid, amorphous or gelatinous form, where the mass subsequently solidifies while about and against the item being encapsulated. The term “substantially encapsulate” or “substantially encapsulating” refers to the mass of material about and in close conformal contact with at least three sides of the item being encapsulated. The term “completely encapsulate” or “completely encapsulating” refers to the mass of material surrounding and enclosing on all sides the item being encapsulated. In one implementation, the potting compound can be a solidified mass of previously amorphous, gelatinous or liquid material. In one implementation, potting compound comprises a polyurethane, silicone or other solidified polymer. In one implementation, potting compound comprises a thermosetting plastic or silicone rubber gel. In another implementation, the potting compound can be formed of an epoxy, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), or other thermoplastic material. In one implementation, potting compound comprises a low glass transition temperature potting compound to inhibit breakage of solder bonds during solidification. Potting compound, when solidified or hardened, forms an encapsulating body encapsulating electronics of the chip 444. Encapsulating body is sized and shaped to fit within a cavity, pocket, or receptacle such as, for example, tubular portion 440. The encapsulating body can have an outer profile or shape that substantially matches the outer profile or shape of cavity so as to restrict or limit movement of body within cavity. The potting compound can completely encapsulates electronics of chip 444 except for one or more electrical conductors or electrical filaments, wires or traces extending from electronics. In other implementations, the potting compound can encapsulate a portion of the chip 444 and its electronics. FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate bladder 412 in two different inflation states. FIG. 9 illustrates bladder 412 in an uninflated or partially inflated state while FIG. 10 illustrates bladder 412 in a greater inflation state wherein bladder 412 has a greater internal air pressure. An air valve 470 is coupled to the wall 442 of the bladder 412. The air valve 470 enables air to be pumped or injected into the bladder 412 through use of an inflation needle (not shown). The air valve 470 is configured to retain the air pressure within the bladder 412 once the inflation needle is removed. As shown by FIG. 9, when bladder 412 is in the uninflated or partially inflated state, tubular portion 440 has an enlarged internal diameter D1 which facilitates insertion of circuit chip 444 into tubular portion 440. In one implementation, electronics or circuit chip 444 is positioned at a center point of bladder 412 of basketball 400 within tubular portion 440. In one implementation, circuit chip 444 is inserted into tubular portion 440 while electrical leads or wires 437 remain connected to circuit chip 444 and extend from circuit chip 444 out of to the portion 440 for connection to electronics 480 or other devices along an exterior of bladder 412. In another implementation, wires 437 and/or electronics 480 can be omitted. In one implementation, the enlarged internal diameter of tubular portion 440 facilitates pulling or fishing of circuit chip 444 into the interior of tubular portion 440. In another implementation, the enlarged internal diameter of tubular portion 440 facilitates pushing circuit chip 444 into the interior of tubular portion 440 with a push rod or other push device. As shown by FIG. 10, when bladder 412 is more fully inflated, tubular portion 440, under the increased pressure resulting from the increased internal pressure of bladder 412, collapses about circuit chip 444 and about electrical line 437. To facilitate such a collapse, tubular portion 440 is formed from one or more materials and/or has one or more appropriate wall thicknesses that cause such a collapse in response to bladder 412 being more fully inflated as compared to when circuit chip 444 was inserted into tubular portion 440. In the example illustrated, tubular portion 440 is configured (using materials and material wall thickness) such that to the portion 440 collapses about circuit chip 444 prior to bladder 412 being inflated above or beyond a maximum
{'bibliographic_information': "{'country': 'US', 'doc-number': '14982195', 'kind': 'B2', 'date': '20151229', 'extension': '115', 'invention_title': 'Basketball having a reduced moment of inertia'}", 'source_file': './grant/2018/ipg180717.xml', 'source_data': 'USPTO-Grant'}