Abstract
A world catalog of extant and fossil Chaoboridae provides full type information, distribution of each species, references to keys, references to latest descriptions of each species, and summaries of bionomic information. There are 51 extant species in six genera and 41 fossil species (2
Introduction
provided the last world catalog of extant and fossil Chaoboridae and Evenhuis (1994) catalogued all fossil species (providing further detailed information). Since then there have been significant changes, particular regarding the fossil record of this group, warranting the new catalog published here.
Introduction
Each species is provided with its full citation, type locality, subsequent descriptions, and all synonyms. When "Syntypes?" is given, it is because it is uncertain whether there was more than one specimen examined by the describing author. Type depositories are noted. A listing called "References" provides the most recent description of each life stage (male adult, female adult, pupa, larva, egg, abbreviated respectively as: ♂, ♀, P, L, E), and the distribution of each species is summarized, with Australian, Canadian, and U.S.A. distributions broken down to states/provinces. References are provided to the latest pertinent literature regarding the biology of each genus and keys to the included species. Table 1 gives the number of extant and extinct species for each genus. In short, this contribution provides an introduction to every aspect of the taxonomy and biology of each species and genus. Borkent (1979 Borkent ( , 1981 included distribution maps to all species of Chaoboridae in the Holarctic Region and Colless (1986) did the same for those in Australia. Lukashevich (2008) gave a detailed and valuable summary of the Mesozoic fossils of chaoborid larvae. Saether (1977) published redescriptions of two Neotropical species of Chaoborus and subsequently circulated a type-written errata to colleagues. However, this errata sheet was never published (Cressa, editor, pers. comm. July 13,1993) . The errata included two conclusions based on my study of type specimens: that Chaoborus lanei is conspecific with C. brasiliensis (and hence a junior synonym) and that C. festivus was not a synonym of C. braziliensis (as reported by Saether, 1977 ) but a senior synonym of C. annulatus. Chaoborus lanei and C. annulatus are therefore both new synonyms and reported here for the first time. Evenhuis (pers. comm.) has pointed out that the description of Mochlonyx sepultus by Loew (1844) is valid (because Loew noted that the palpus differed from the extant species M. velutinus). As such, the designation of the type species now differs from previous catalogs.
Introduction
The genus Rhaetomyia (and therefore the family name upon which it is based) is here considered to be a Chaoboridae as suggested by Lukashevich (1996b) . Ansorge (1996 Ansorge ( ,1999 disagreed and considered it a stem group of the Culicoidea or of just Corethrellidae + Chaoboridae + Culicidae. Amorim (1993) has Rhaetomyia forming a monophyletic group with Axymyiidae, Perissommatidae, and Pachyneuridae. Blagoderov et al. (1994) 

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