Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals NOTES AND QUERIES: A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. * * * * * "When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. * * * * * No. 6.] SATURDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1849 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d. * * * * * {81} CONTENTS A few Words of Explanation. 81 NOTES:-- Letter from the Earl of Shaftesbury respecting Monmouth's Ash. 82 Drayton's Poems. 83 On a Passage in Goldsmith. 83 Ancient Libraries, by Rev. Dr. Todd. 83 Defence of a Bald Head, by J. Payne Collier. 84 Royal Household Allowances. 85 Adversaria:--Printers' Couplets--Charles Martel. 86 Bodenham and Ling. 86 Travelling in England. 87 Minor Notes:--Ancient Alms Dish--Bishop that Burneth--Ironworks in Sussex, &c.--Order of Minerva, &c. 87 Queries Answered:-- Dorne the Bookseller. 88 Henno Rusticus. 89 Myles Blomefylde. 90 Answers to Minor Queries:--Curse of Scotland--Katherine Pegg--Rev. T. Leman--Burnet Prize--Humble Pie, &c. 90 MINOR QUERIES: Eva, Daughter, &c.--John de Daundelyon--Genealogy of European Sovereigns--Duke of Ashgrove, &c. 92 MISCELLANEOUS:-- Notes on Books, Catalogues, Sales, &c. 94 Books and Odd Volumes wanted. 95 Notices to Correspondents. 95 Advertisements. 95 * * * * * A FEW WORDS OF EXPLANATION. It was in no boastful or puffing spirit that, when thanking a correspondent in our last number for "his endeavour to enlarge our circulation," and requesting all our friends and correspondents "to follow PHILO'S example by bringing 'NOTES AND QUERIES' under the notice of such of their friends as take an interest in literary pursuits," we added "for it is obvious that they will extend the usefulness of our paper in proportion as they increase its circulation." We wished merely to state a plain obvious fact. Such must necessarily be the case, and our experience proves it to be so; for the number of Queries which have been solved in our columns, has gone on increasing in proportion to the gradual increase of our circulation;--a result which fully justifies that passage of our opening address which stated, "that we did not anticipate any holding back by those whose Notes were most worth having." No sooner is information asked for through our medium, than a host of friendly pens are busied to supply it. From north, south, east, and west,--from quarters the most unlooked for, do we receive Notes and Illustrations of every subject which is mooted in our pages. Many of these replies, too, though subscribed only with an initial or a pseudonyme, _we_ know to be furnished by scholars who have won the foremost rank in their respective branches of study. Such men manifest, by their willingness to afford information to those who need it, and their readiness to receive it from those who have it to bestow, the truthfulness of old Chaucer's portrait of the Scholar:-- "Ful gladly wolde he lerne, and gladly teche." Nor do our columns exhibit the total result of our labours. Besides the information communicated to ourselves, some of our friends who inserted Queries under their own names, have received answers to them without our intervention. In addition to those friends who promised us their assistance, we receive communications from quarters altogether unexpected. Our present number furnishes a striking instance of this, in the answer to Mr. Bruce's inquiry respecting the "Monmouth Ash," kindly communicated by the Earl of Shaftesbury, its distinguished owner. We trust that each successive paper shows improvement in our arrangements, and proves also that our means of procuring answers to the Queries addressed to us are likewise increasing. In the belief that such is the case, we feel justified in repeating, even at the risk of being accused of putting in _two_ words for ourselves under the semblance of _one_ of our readers, "that it is obvious that our friends will extend the usefulness of our paper in proportion as they increase its circulation." * * * * * {82} MONMOUTH'S ASH. _Letter from the Earl of Shaftesburg accompanying a short "History of Monmouth Close," formerly printed by his Lordship for the information of persons visiting that spot._ The whole of Woodlands now belongs to me. The greater part of it was bought by my late brother soon after he came of age. I knew nothing of Monmouth Close till the year 1787, when I was shooting on Horton Heath; the gamekeeper advised me to try for game in the inclosures called Shag's Heath, and took me to see Monmouth Close and the famous ash tree there. I then anxiously inquired of the inhabitants of the neighbouring houses respecting the traditions concerning Monmouth Close and the celebrated ash tree, and what I then learnt I have printed for the information of any person who may visit that spot. What I have since learnt convinces me that the Duke was not going to Christchurch. He was on his way to Bournemouth, where he expected to find a vessel. Monmouth Close is in the direct line from Woodyates to Bournemouth. About sixty years ago there was hardly a house there. It was the leading place of all the smugglers of this neighborhood. SHAFTESBURY. St. Giles's House, Nov. 27. 1849. HISTORY OF MONMOUTH CLOSE. "The small inclosure which has been known by the name of MONMOUTH CLOSE ever since the capture of the Duke of Monmouth there, in July, 1685, is one of a cluster of small inclosures, five in number, which stood in the middle of Shag's Heath, and were called 'The Island.' They are in the parish of Woodlands. "The tradition of the neighbourhood is this: viz. That after the defeat of the Duke of Monmouth at Sedgemoor, near Bridgewater, he rode, accompanied by Lord Grey, to Woodyates, where they quitted their horses; and the Duke having changed clothes with a peasant, endeavoured to make his way across the country to Christchurch. Being closely pursued, he made for the Island, and concealed himself in a ditch which was overgrown with fern and underwood. When his pursuers came up, an old woman gave information of his being in the Island, and of her having seen him filling his pocket with peas. The Island was immediately surrounded by soldiers, who passed the night there, and threatened to fire the neighbouring cotts. As they were going away, one of them espied the skirt of the Duke's coat, and seized him. The soldier no sooner knew him, than he burst into tears, and reproached himself for the unhappy discovery. The Duke when taken was quite exhausted with fatigue and hunger, having had no food since the battle but the peas which he had gathered in the field. The ash tree is still standing under which the Duke was apprehended, and is marked with the initials of many of his friends who afterwards visited the spot. "The family of the woman who betrayed him were ever after holden in the greatest detestation, and are said to have fallen into decay, and to have never thriven afterwards. The house where she lived, which overlooked the spot, has since fallen down. It was with the greatest difficulty that any one could be made to inhabit it. "The Duke was carried before Anthony Etterick, Esq., of Holt, a justice of the peace, who ordered him to London. "His gold snuff box was afterwards found in the pea-field, full of gold pieces, and brought to Mrs. Uvedaile, of Horton. One of the finders had fifteen pounds for half the contents or value of it. "Being asked what he would do if set at liberty,--the Duke answered, that if his horse and arms were restored, he only desired to ride through the army, and he defied them all to take him again." * * * * * DRAYTON'S POEMS. In addition to the notes on Drayton by Dr. Farmer, communicated in your 2nd number, the following occurs in a copy of Drayton's _Poems_, printed for Smithwicke, in 1610, 12mo.:-- "See the _Return from Parnassus_ for a good character of Drayton. "See an _Epigram_ by Drayton, I suppose, prefixed to Morley's first _Booke of Balletes_. "A Sonnet to _John Davies_, before his _Holy Roode, or Christ's Crosse_, 4to. (1610). A Poem in 6 line stanzas. "Another to the old edit. of _Wit's Commonwealth_. "Commendatory Verses before Chapman's _Hesiod_. "Sonnet to Ant. Mundy's 2nd Book of _Primation of Greece_, 1619. "His _Heroical Epistles_ were newly enlarged and republished in 8vo. 1598; which is the most antient edition we have seen or read of.--[_Bodl. Cat._]--_Biographia his Art_. "Another edition, _as we have heard_, in 1610.--Ibid. "See Merc's _Wit's Treasury_, p. 281. A modern edition was published by _Oldmixon_.--Cibber's _Lives_, 4. 204. "See Warton's _Essay on Pope_, 296. "Drayton's last Copy of Verses was prefixed to Sir John Beaumont's _Poems_, 1629." So far Dr. Farmer, whose books are often valuable for the notes on the fly-leaves. Should any one act upon the suggestion of your correspondent, and think of a selection from Drayton, it would be necessary to collate the various editions of his poems, which, as they are numerous, evince his popularity with his contemporaries. Malone asserted that the _Baron's Wars_ was not {83} published until 1610. I have before me a copy, probably the first edition, with the following title: "_The Barrons Wars in the raigne of Edward the Second, with England's Heroical Epistles_, by Michaell Drayton. At London, Printed by J.R. for N. Ling, 1603," 12mo.; and the poem had been printed under the title of _Mortimerindos_, in 4to., 1596. I have an imperfect copy of an early edition (circa 1600) of "_Poemes Lyrick and Pastorall. Odes, Eglogs, The Man in the Moon_, by Michaell Drayton Esquier. At London, printed by R.B. for N.L. and J. Flaskett." It is now thirty-five years since (eheu! fugaces labuntur anni!) the writer of this induced his friend Sir Egerton Brydges to print the _Nymphidia_ at his private press; and it would give him pleasure, should your Notes be now instrumental to the production of a tasteful selection from the copious materials furnished by Drayton's prolific muse. Notwithstanding that selections are not generally approved, in this case it would be (if judiciously done) acceptable, and, it is to be presumed, successful. The _Nymphidia_, full of lively fancy as it is, was probably produced in his old age, for it was not published, I believe, till 1627, when it formed part of a small folio volume, containing _The Battaile of Agincourt_ and _The Miseries of Queene Margarite_. Prefixed to this volume was the noble but tardy panegyric of his friend Ben Jonson, entitled _The Vision_, and beginning: "It hath been question'd, Michael, if I be A friend at all; or, if at all, to thee." S.W.S. Mickleham, Nov. 10. 1849. * * * * * ON A PASSAGE IN GOLDSMITH. Sir,--I observe in the _Athenæum_ of the 17th inst. a quotation from the _Life of Goldsmith_ by Irving, in which the biographer seems to take credit for appropriating to Goldsmith the merit of originating the remark or maxim vulgarly ascribed to Talleyrand, that "the true end of speech is not so much to express our wants as to conceal them." This is certainly found in No. 3. of _The Bee_, by Goldsmith, and no doubt Talleyrand acted upon the principle of dissimulation there enunciated; but the idea is much older than either of those individuals, as we learn from a note in p. 113. of vol. lxvii. _Quart. Rev._ quoting two lines written by Young (nearly one hundred years before), in allusion to courts:-- "Where Nature's end of language is declined, And men talk only to conceal their mind." Voltaire has used the same expression so long ago as 1763, in his little satiric dialogue _La Chapon et la Poularde_, where the former, complaining of the treachery of men says, "Ils n'emploient les paroles que pour déguiser leurs pénsees." (see xxix. tom. _Oeuvres Complétes_, pp. 83, 84. ed. Paris, 1822.) The germ of the idea is also to be found in Lloyd's _State Worthies_, where speaking of Roger Ascham, he is characterised as "an honest man,--none being more able for, yet none more averse to, that circumlocution and contrivance wherewith some men shadow their main drift and purpose. Speech was made to open man to man, and not to hide him; to promote commerce, and not betray it." Lloyd's book first appeared in 1665, but I use the ed. by Whitworth, vol. i. p. 503. F.R.A. Oak House, Nov. 21. 1849. [The further communications proposed to us by F.R.A. will be very acceptable.] * * * * * ANCIENT LIBRARIES--LIBRARY OF THE AUGUSTINIAN EREMITES OF YORK. Mr. Editor,--I have been greatly interested by the two numbers of the "NOTES AND QUERIES" which you have sent me. The work promises to be eminently useful, and if furnished with a good index at the end of each yearly volume, will become a book indispensable to all literary men, and especially to those who, like myself, are in charge of large public libraries. To testify my good will to the work, and to follow up Mr. Burtt's remarks on ancient libraries published in your second number, I venture to send you the following account of a MS. Catalogue of the Library of the Monastery of the Friars Eremites of the Order of St. Augustine in the City of York. This MS. is now preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, amongst the MSS. formerly belonging to the celebrated Archbishop Ussher. It is on vellum, written in the 14th century, and begins thus:-- "Inventarium omnium librorum pertinentium ad commune armariole domus Ebor. ordinis fratrum heremitarum Sancti Augustini, factum in presentia fratrum Johannis de Ergum, Johannis Ketilwell, Ricardi de Thorpe, Johannis de Appilby, Anno domini Mº. CCC lxxij in festo nativitatis virginis gloriose. Fratre Willelmo de Stayntoun tunc existente priore." The volume consists of forty-five leaves, and contains the titles of a very large and most respectable collection of books in all departments of literature and learning arranged under the following heads:-- Biblie. Hystorie scholastice. Textus biblie glosati. Postille. Concordancie et interpretaciones nominum hebreorum. {84} Originalia. [Under this head are included the works of the Fathers, and medieval writers.] Historie geneium. Summe doctorum. Scriptores super sententias. quodlibet. et questiones. Tabulæ. [This division contained Indexes to various authors, the Scriptures, canon law, &c.] Logicalia et philosophia cum scriptis et commentis. Prophecie et supersticiosa. Astronomia et Astrologia. Instrumenta astrologica magistri Johannis Erghome [who appears to have been a great benefactor to the Library]. Libri divini officii magistri Johannis Erghome. Jura civilia. Jura canonica et leges humane: magistri Johannis Erghome. Auctores et philosophi extranei. [Under this head occurs the following entry, "Liber hebraice scriptus."] Gramatica. Rethorica. [Two leaves of the MS. appear to have been cut out here.] Medicina. Hystorie et cronice. Sermones et materie sermonum. Summe morales doctorum et sermones. Arithmetica, Musica, Geometria, Perspectiva, magistri Johannis Erghome. Each volume is identified, according to the usual practice, by the words with which its second folio begins: and letters of tha alphabet are added, probably to indicate its place on the shelves of the Library. As a specimen, I shall give the division headed "Biblie":-- BIBLIE A. Biblia. incipit in 2º. fo. Samuel in[1] heli. B. Biblia. incipit in 2º. fo. Zechieli qui populo. _in duobus voluminibus_. C. Biblia. inc't. in 2º. fo. mea et in crane. D. Biblia. inc't. in 2º. fo. ego disperdam. ¶ Libri magistri Johannis Erghome Biblia. 2º. _fol ravit quosdam._ } Interpretationes. }--A E. _Biblia incomplet. diversarum scripturarum. quondam fratris R. Bossal. 2º. fo. me occidet me etc._ HYSTORIE SCOLASTICE A. Incipit in 2º. folio. secunda die. B. inci't. in 2º. fo. emperio sane formatis. _ligatus_. C. inci't. in 2º. fo. et celumque celi. The words printed in _Italics_ are added by a more recent hand. Under the head of "Hystorie Scolastice" are doubtless intended the copies which the Library possessed of the celebrated _Historia Scholastica_, or abridgement of Scripture history by Peter Comestor. From the foregoing specimen, I think your readers will agree with me that a Catalogue of such antiquity and interest is well worthy of publication. But we have another ancient Catalogue of a monastic library equally curious, and even more important from its magnitude, and the numerous works it contains on English history, early romances, &c. I remain, &c. JAMES H. TODD. Trin. Coll. Dublin, Nov. 27. 1849. [Footnote 1: _Sic_ perhaps a mistake for et.] * * * * * DEFENCE OF A BALD HEAD--THE STATIONERS' REGISTERS. I am about to supply a deficiency in my last volume of _Extracts from the Register of the Stationers' Company_ (printed for the Shakespeare Society, 1849), and thereby set an example that I hope will be followed, in order that various works, regarding which I could give no, or only incomplete, information, may be duly illustrated. It is impossible to expect that any one individual could thoroughly accomplish such an undertaking; and, by means of your excellent periodical, it will be easy for literary men, who possess scarce or unique books, mentioned in the Registers and in my quotations from them, to furnish such brief descriptions as will be highly curious and very useful. A tract of this description has just fallen in my way, and it relates to the subsequent entry on p. 97. of vol. ii. of my _Extracts_: the date is 22nd September, 1579. "H. Denham. Lycensed unto him, &c. A Paradox, provinge by reason and example that baldnes is much better than bushie heare. vj'd" When I wrote the comment on this registration I was only acquainted with the clever MS. ballad in _Defence of a Bald Head_, which I quoted; but I hardly supposed it to be the production intended. It turns out that it was not, for I have that production now before me. My belief is that it is entirely unique; and the only reason for a contrary opinion, that I am acquainted with, is that there is an incorrect mention of it in Warton, _H.E.P._ iv. 229.; but there is not a hint of its existence in Ritson, although it ought to have found a place in his _Bibliographia Poetica_; neither do I find it noticed in later authorities; if it be, they have escaped my researches. You will not blame me, then, for indulging my usual wish to quote the title-page at length, which exactly agrees with the terms of the entry in the books of the Stationers' Company. It runs _literatim_ thus:-- "A Paradoxe, proving by reason and example, that baldnesse is much better than bushie haire, &c. Written by that excellent philosopher Synesius, Bishop of Thebes, or (as some say) Cyren. A prettie pamphlet to pervse, and relenished with recreation.--Englished {85} by Abraham Fleming.--Herevnto is annexed the pleasant tale of Hemetes the Heremite, pronounced before the Queenes Maiestie. Newly recognised both in Latin and Englishe, by the said A.F.--[Greek: hae taes sophias phalakra saemeion.]--The badge of wisdome is baldnesse.--Printed by H. Denham, 1579." 8vo. B.L. If I am not greatly mistaken, your readers will look in vain for a notice of the book in any collected list of the many productions of Abraham Fleming; if I am not greatly mistaken, also, some of them will be disapppointed if I do not subjoin a few sentences describing more particularly the contents of the small volume, which (speaking as a bibliographer) extends to sign. F. iiij in eights. At the back of the title-page is "The life of Synesius drawen out of Suydas his gatherings," in Greek and in English. Then comes "The Epistle Apologeticall to the lettered Reader," signed "Thine for thy pleasure and profite--Abraham Fleming," which, in excuse for taking up so slight a subject, contains a very singular notice of the celebrated John Heywood, the dramatist of the reign of Henry VIII., and of his remarkable poem _The Spider and the Fly_. The _Pretie Paradoxe_, by Synesius, next commences, and extends as far as sign. D. v. b. This portion of the tract is, of course, merely a translation, but it includes a passage or two from Homer, cleverly rendered into English verse. Here we come to the word _Finis_, and here, I take it, it was originally intended that the tract should end; but as it was thought that it would hardly be of sufficient bulk for the money (4d., or 6d. at the utmost), a sort of appendix was added, which, on some accounts, is the most interesting part of the work. It is headed "The tale of Hemetes the Heremite, pronounced before the Queene's Maiestie," which Warton, who clearly never saw the book, calls the "Fable of Hermes." In fact, it is, with a few verbal changes, the tale of Hemetes, which George Gascoigne presented, in Latin, Italian, French, and English, to Queen Elizabeth, and of which the MS., with the portraits of the Queen and the author is among the Royal MSS. in the British Museum. Fleming tells us that he had "newly recognised" (whatever may be meant by the words) this tale in Latin and English, but he does not say a syllable whence he procured it. Gascoigne died two years before the date of the publication of this _Paradoxe, &c._ so that Fleming was quite sure the property could never be challenged by the true owner of it. Before I conclude, allow me to mention two other pieces by A. Fleming (who became rector of St. Pancras, Soper-lane, in 1593), regarding which I am anxious to obtain information, and seek it through the medium of "NOTES AND QUERIES." A marginal note in Fleming's Translation of Virgil's _Georgics_, 1589, 4to., is the following:--"The poet alludeth to the historie of Leander and Hero, written by Museus, and Englished by me a dozen yeares ago, and in print." My question is, whether such a production is in existence? Fleming's tract, printed in 1580 in 8vo. (miscalled 16mo.), "A Memorial, &c. of Mr. William Lambe, Esquier," is well known; but many years ago I saw, and copied the heading of a _broadside_, which ran thus:--"An Epitaph, or funeral inscription vpon the godlie life and death of the Right worshipfull Maister William Lambe Esquire, Founder of the new Conduit in Holborne," &c. "Deceased the 21st April Anno 1580. Deuised by Abraham Fleming." At the bottom was--"Imprinted at London by Henrie Denham for Thomas Turner," &c. In whose hands, or in what library, I saw this production, has entirely escaped my memory; and I am now very anxious to learn what has become of that copy, or whether any other copy of it has been preserved. J. PAYNE COLLIER. Kensington, Dec. 3. 1849. * * * * * ROYAL HOUSEHOLD ALLOWANCES The following warrant for the allowance of the "diet" of a lady of the bedchamber, will be found to be a good and curious illustration of the Note of ANTIQUARIUS upon the domestic establishment of Queen Elizabeth, although more than half a century earlier than the period referred to, as it relates to the time of Elizabeth's majestic sire:-- "HENRY R.--By the King. "We wol and commaunde you to allowe dailly from hensforth unto our right dere and welbilovede the Lady Lucy into hir chambre the dyat and fare herafter ensuying; Furst every mornyng at brekefast oon chyne of beyf at our kechyn, oon chete loff and oon maunchet at our panatry barre, and a Galon of Ale at our Buttrye barre; Item at dyner a pese of beyfe, a stroke of roste, and a rewarde at our said kechyn, a cast of chete bred at our Panatrye barre, and a Galon of Ale at our Buttry barre; Item at afternone a manchet at our Panatry bar and half a Galon of Ale at our Buttrye barre; Item at supper a messe of Porage, a pese of mutton and a Rewarde at our said kechyn, a cast of chete brede at our Panatrye, and a Galon of Ale at our Buttrye; Item at after supper a chete loff and a maunchet at our Panatry barre, a Galon of Ale at our Buttrye barre, and half a Galon of Wyne at our Seller barre; Item every mornyng at our Wood yarde foure tall shyds and twoo ffagottes; Item at our Chaundrye barre in winter every night oon pryket and foure syses of Waxe with eight candelles white lights and oon torche; Item at our Picherhouse wekely LIX white cuppes; Item at every tyme of our remoeving oon hoole carre for the carriage of her stuff. And these our lettres shal be your sufficient Warrant and discharge in this behalf at all tymes herafter. Yeven under our Signet at our Manour of Esthampstede the xvjth. day of July the xiiijth year of our Reigne. {86} "To the Lord Steward of our Household, the Treasurer, Comptroller, Cofferer, Clerke of our Grene Clothe, Clerke of our kechyn, and to all other our hed Officers of our seid Houshold and to every of theym." As to Sir Christopher Hatton, I would refer ANTIQUARIUS, and all other whom it may concern, to Sir Harris Nicolas's ably written _Memoirs of the "Dancing Chancellor"_, published in 1846. Hatton had amble means for the building of Holdenby, as he was appointed one of the Gentlemen Pensioners in 1564, and between that time and his appointment as Vice-Chamberlain in 1577 (five years prior to the period referred to by ANTIQUARIUS), he received numerous other gifts and offices. JOSEPH BURTT. * * * * * ADVERSARIA Printers' Couplets. It may not perhaps be generally known that the early printers were accustomed to place devices or verses along with their names at the end of the books which they gave to the public. Vigneul-Marville, in his _Mélanges d'Histoire et de Littérature_, relates that he found the two following lines at the end of the "Decrees of Basle and Bourges," published under the title of "Pragmatic Sanction," with a Commentary by Côme Guymier,--Andre Brocard's Paris edition, 1507:-- "Stet liber hic, donec fluctus formica marinos Ebibat et totum testudo perambulet orbem." The printers, it would appear, not only introduced their own names into these verses, but also the names of the correctors of the press, as may be seen in the work entitled, _Commentariis Andreæ de Ysernia super constitutionibus Siciliæ_, printed by Sixtus Riffingerus at Naples in 1472:-- "Sixtus hoc impressit: sed bis tamen ante revisit Egregius doctor Petrus Oliverius. At tu quisque emis, lector studiose, libellum Lætus emas; mendis nam caret istud opus." G.J.K. Charles Martel Mr. Editor,--Perhaps the subjoined note, extracted from M. Collin de Plancy's _Bibliothèque des Légendes_, may not be without its value, as tending to correct an error into which, according to his account, modern historians have fallen respecting the origin of the surname "Martel," borne by the celebrated Charles Martel, son of Peppin of Herstal, Duke of Austrasia, by his Duchess Alphéide[2]:-- "It is surprising," he says, "that almost all our modern historians, whose profound researches have been so highly vaunted, have repeated the little tale of the _Chronicle of St. Denis_, which affirms that the surname of Martel was conferred on Charles for having hammered (_martelé_) the Saracens. Certain writers of the present day style him, in this sense, _Karle-le-Marteau_. The word martel, in the ancient Frank language, never bore such a signification, but was, on the contrary, merely an abbreviation of Martellus, Martin."[3] From a legend on this subject given by M. de Plancy, it would appear that Charles received the second name, Martel, in honour of his patron saint St. Martin. Not having at present an opportunity of consulting the works of our own modern writers on early French history, I am ignorant if they also have adopted the version given in the _Chronicle of St. Denis_. Mr. Ince, in his little work, _Outlines of French History_, states, that "he received the surname of _Martel_, or the Hammerer, from the force with which he _hammered_ down the Saracens--_martel being the name of a weapon which the ancient Franks used, much resembling a hammer_,--and from his strokes falling numberless and effectual on the heads of his enemies." Query.--Which of the two is the more probable version? Perhaps some one of your numerous correspondents may be enabled to throw addition light on this disputed point. G.J.K. [Footnote 2: This same Alphéide, or Alpaïde, as she was frequently called, though but scurvily treated by posterior historians, is honoured by contemporary chroniclers as the second wife of Peppin, _uxor altera_. See Frédégaire.] [Footnote 3: _Légendes de l'Histoire de France_, par J. Collin de Plancy, p. 149. (notes.) Paris. Mellier Frères.] * * * * * BODENHAM AND LING. Referring to BOOKWORM's note at p. 29, I beg to observe that the dedication negativing Bodenham's authorship of _Politeuphuia_ is not peculiar to the edition of 1597. I have the edition of 1650, "printed by Ja. Flesher, and are to be sold by Richard Royston, at the Angell in Ivye Lane," in which the dedication is addressed as follows:--"To his very good friend Mr. Bodenham, N.L. wisheth increase of happinesse." The first sentence of this dedication seems to admit that Bodenham was something more than patron of the work:--"What you seriously begun long since, and have always been very careful for the full perfection of, at length thus finished, although perhaps not so well to your expectation, I present you with; as one before all most worthy of the same: bothe in respect of your earnest travaile therein, and the great desire you have continually had for the generall profit." In Brydges' _Censura Literaria_, Bodenham is spoken of as the _compiler_ of _The Garden of the Muses_, and _editor_ of the _Wit's Commonwealth_, the {87} _Wit's Theatre of the Little World_, and _England's Helicon_. He seems to have less claim to be considered the author of the _Wit's Theatre_ than of the _Wit's Commonwealth_, for in the original edition of the former, "printed by J.R. for N.L., and are to be sold at the West doore of Paules, 1599," the dedication is likewise addressed, "To my most esteemed and approved loving friend, Maister J.B. I wish all happines." After acknowledging his obligations to his patron, the author proceeds: "Besides this History or Theatre of the Little World, suo jure, first challengeth your friendly patronage, by whose motion I undertooke it, and for whose love I am willing to undergoe the heavy burden of censure. I must confesse that it might have been written with more maturitie, and deliberation, but in respect of my promise, I have made this hast, how happy I know not, yet good enough I hope, if you vouchsafe your kind approbation: which with your judgement I hold ominous, and as under which Politeuphuia was so gracious." I.F.M. * * * * * TRAVELLING IN ENGLAND. Sir,--I beg to acknowledge the notice which two of your correspondents have taken of my query on this subject. At the same time I must say that the explanations which they offer appear to me to be quite unsatisfactory. I shall be happy to give my reasons for this, if you think it worth while; but, perhaps, if we wait a little, some other solution may be suggested. For the sake of the inhabitants, I hope that your work is read at Colchester. Is there nobody there who could inform us at what time the London coach started a century ago? It seems clear that it arrived in the afternoon--but I will not at present trespass further on your columns. I am, &c., G.G. * * * * * MINOR NOTES. Ancient Inscribed Alms Dish. L.S.B. informs us that in the church of St. Paul, Norwich, is a brass dish, which has been gilt, and has this legend round it four times over:--"HER: I: LIFRID: GRECHº: WART."[4] This seems to be another example of the inscription which was satisfactorily explained in No. 5. p. 73. [Footnote 4: Blomefeld's _Norfolk_. Folio. 1739. Vol. ii. p. 803.] * * * * * The Bishop that burneth. I do not think Major Moor is correct in his application of Tusser's words, "the bishop that burneth," to the lady-bird. Whether lady-birds are unwelcome guests in a dairy I know not, but certainly I never heard of their being accustomed to haunt such places. The true interpretation of Tusser's words must, I think, be obtained by comparison with the following lines from his _Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry_, quoted in Ellis's _Brand_, iii. 207.:-- "Blesse Cisley (good mistress) that bishop doth ban For burning the milk of her cheese to the pan." The reference here, as well as in the words quoted by Major Moor, is evidently to the proverb relating to burnt milk, broth, &c.--"the bishop has put his foot in it;" which is considered by Ellis to have had its origin in those times when bishops were much in the habit of burning heretics. He confirms this interpretation by the following curious passage from Tyndale's _Obedyence of a Crysten Man_:-- "If the podech be burned to, or the meate ouer rosted, we saye the Byshope hath put his fote in the potte, or the Byshope hath playd the coke, because the Bishopes burn who they lust, and whosoeuer displeaseth them." I fear the origin of the appellation "Bishop Barnaby," applied to the lady-bird in Suffolk, has yet to be sought. D.S. Iron Manufactures of Sussex. Sir,--I have made two extracts from a once popular, but now forgotten work, illustrative of the iron manufacture which, within the last hundred years, had its main seat in this county, which I think may be interesting to many of your readers who may have seen the review of Mr. Lower's _Essay on the Ironworks of Sussex_ in the recent numbers of the _Athenæum_ and _Gentleman's Magazine_. The anecdote at the close is curious, as confirming the statements of Macaulay; the roads in Sussex in the 18th century being much in the condition of the roads in England generally in the 17th. "Sowsexe," according to the old proverb, has always been "full of dirt and mier." "From hence (Eastbourne) it was that, turning north, and traversing the deep, dirty, but rich part of these two counties (Kent and Sussex), I had the curiosity to see the great foundries, or ironworks, which are in this county (Sussex), and where they are carried on at such a prodigious expense of wood, that even in a county almost all overrun with timber, they begin to complain of their consuming it for those furnaces and leaving the next age to want timber for building their navies. I must own, however, that I found that complaint perfectly groundless, the three counties of _Kent_, _Sussex_, and _Hampshire_ (all which lye contiguous to one another), being one inexhaustible storehouse of timber, never to be destroyed, but by a general conflagration, and able, at this time, to supply timber to rebuild all the royal navies in Europe, if they were all to be destroyed, and set about the building them together. "I left _Tunbridge_ ... and came to _Lewes_, through the deepest, dirtiest, but many ways the richest and most profitable country in all that part of England. {88} "The timber I saw here was prodigious, as well in quantity as in bigness, and seem'd in some places to be suffered to grow only because it was so far off of any navigation, that it was not worth cutting down and carrying away; in dry summers, indeed a great deal is carried away to Maidstone and other parts on the Medway; and sometimes I have seen one tree on a carriage, which they call here a _tug_, drawn by two-and-twenty oxen, and even then this carried so little a way, and then thrown down and left for other _tugs_ to take up and carry on, that sometimes it is two or three years before it gets to Chatham; for if once the rains come in it stirs no more that year, and sometimes a whole summer is not dry enough to make the roads passable. Here I had a sight which, indeed, I never saw in any other part of England, namely, that going to church at a country village, not far from _Lewes_, I saw an ancient lady, and a lady of very good quality, I assure you, drawn to church in her coach with six oxen; nor was it done in frolic or humour, but mere necessity, the way being so stiff and deep that no horses could go in it."--_A Tour through Great Britain by a Gentleman_. London, 1724. Vol. i. p. 54. Letter II. Factotum "He was so farre the _dominus fac totum_ in this _juncto_ that his words were laws, all things being acted according to his desire."--p. 76. of Foulis' _Hist. of Plots of our Pretended Saints_, 2nd edit. 1674 F.M. Birthplace of Andrew Borde Hearne says, in Wood's _Athenæ_, "that the Doctor was not born at Pevensey or Pensey, but at Boonds-hill in Holmsdayle, in Sussex." Should we not read "Borde-hill?" That place belonged to the family of Borde for many generations. It is in Cuckfield parish. The house may be seen from the Ouse-Valley Viaduct. J.F.M. Order of Minerva "We are informed that his Majesty is about to institute a new order of knighthood, called _The Order of Minerva_, for the encouragement of literature, the fine arts, and learned professions. The new order is to consist of twenty-four knights and the Sovereign; and is to be next in dignity to the military Order of the Bath. The knights are to wear a silver star with nine points, and a straw-coloured riband from the right shoulder to the left. A figure of Minerva is to be embroidered in the centre of the star, with this motto, 'Omnia posthabita Scientiæ.' Many men eminent in literature, in the fine arts, and in physic, and law, are already thought of to fill the Order, which, it is said, will be instituted before the meeting of parliament."--_Perth Magazine_, July, 1772. SCOTUS. Flaws of Wind The parish church of Dun-Nechtan, now Dunnichen, was dedicated to St. Causlan, whose festival was held in March. Snow showers in March are locally called "St. Causlan's flaws." SCOTUS. * * * * * QUERIES ANSWERED. DORNE THE BOOKSELLER AND HENNO RUSTICUS. Sir,--Circumstances imperatively oblige me to do that from which I should willingly be excused--reply to the observations of J.I., inserted in page 75. of the last Saturday's Number of the "NOTES AND QUERIES." The subject of these are three questions proposed by me in your first number to the following effect:--1. Whether any thing was known, especially from the writings of Erasmus, of a bookseller and publisher of the Low Countries named Dorne, who lived at the beginning of the sixteenth century? Or, 2ndly, of a little work of early date callled _Henno Rusticus_? Or, 3dly, of another, called _Of the Sige (Signe) of the End_? To these no answer has yet been given, although the promised researches of a gentleman of this University, to whom literary inquirers in Oxford have ever reason to be grateful, would seem to promise one soon, if it can be made. But, in the mean time, the knot is cut in a simpler way: neither Dorne, nor _Henno Rusticus_, his book, it is said, ever existed. Permit me one word of expostulation upon this. It is perfectly true that the writing of the MS. which has given rise to these queries and remarks is small, full of contradictions, and sometimes difficult to be read; but the contractions are tolerably uniform and consistent, which, to those who have to do with such matters, is proved to be no inconsiderable encouragement and assistance. A more serious difficulty arises from the circumstance, that the bookselller used more than one language, and none always correctly. Still it may be presumed he was not so ignorant as to make a blunder in spelling his own name. And the first words of the manuscript are these: "+In nomine domini amen ego Johannes dorne, &c. &c." (In noie domi ame ego Johanes dorne, &c.) From the inspection of a close copy now lying before me, in which all the abbreviations are retained, and from my own clear recollection, I am enabled to state that, to my full belief, the name of "dorne" is written by the man himself in letters at length, without any contraction whatever; and that the altered form of it, "Domr," as applied to that particular person, exists nowhere whatever, except in page 75. of No. 5 of the "NOTES AND QUERIES." The words "henno rusticus" (heno rusticus) are found twice, and are tolerably clearly written in both cases. Of the "rusticus" nothing need be said; but the first _n_ in "henno" is expressed by a contraction, which in the MS. _very_ commonly denotes that letter, and sometimes the final _m_. How frequently it represents _n_ may be judged from the fact that in the few words already quoted, the final _n_ in "amen," and the first in "Johannes," are supplied by it. So that {89} we have to choose between "henno" and "hemno" rusticus (rather a clown than a gentleman, whatever was his name; and perhaps the treatise, if ever found, will prove to treat merely on rural affairs). And although it may turn out to be perfectly true that "homo rusticus" was the thing meant, as your correspondent suggests, still that is not the question at issue; but rather, amidst the confusion of tongues and ideas which seems to have possessed poor Dorne's brain, what he actually wrote, rather than what he should have written. Admitting, however, for supposition's sake, that your correspondent is right, that the man was named Dormer, and the book _Homo rusticus_--is there any one who will obligingly favour me with information respecting these, or either of them? One word more, and I have done; though perhaps you will think that too much has been said already upon a subject not of general interest; and indeed I cannot but feel this, as well as how painful it is to differ, even in opinion, with one towards whom nothing can be due from me but respect and affection. But the direct inference from your correspondent's remarks (although it is fully my persuasion he neither designed nor observed it) is, that my difficulties are no difficulties at all, but mistakes. To these we are all liable, and none more so than the individual who is now addressing you, though, it is to be hoped, not quite in the awful proportion which has been imputed to him. And let it stand as my apology for what has been said, that I owe it no less to my own credit, than perhaps to that of others, my kind encouragers and abettors in these inquiries, to vindicate myself from the charge of one general and overwhelming error, that of having any thing to do with the editing of a MS. of which my actual knowledge should be so small, that out of _three_ difficulties propounded from it contents, _two_ should be capable of being shown to have arisen from nothing else but my inability to read it. I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, W. Trin. Coll. Oxon. Dec. 5, 1849. [We have inserted the foregoing letter in compliance with the writer's wishes, but under a protest; because no one can entertain a doubt as to his ability to edit in a most satisfactory manner the work he has undertaken; and because also we can bear testimony to the labour and conscientious painstaking which he is employing to clear up the various obscure points in that very curious document. The following communication from a valued correspondent, in answering W.'s Query as to _Henno Rusticus_, confirms the accuracy of his reading.] HENNO RUSTICUS. The query of your correspondent W. at p. 12, No. 1. regards, I presume, _Henno Comediola Rustico Ludicra, nunc iterum publicata_; Magdeburg, 1614, 8vo.? If so, he will find it to be identical with the _Scænica Progymnasmata h. e. Ludicra Præexercitamenta_ of Reuchlin, first printed at Strasburg in 1497, and frequently reprinted during the first part of the sixteenth century, often with a commentary by Jacob Spiegel. A copy, which was successively the property of Mr. Bindley and Mr. Heber, is now before me. It was printed at Tubingen by Thomas Anselm in 1511. I have another copy by the same printer, in 1519; both in small 4to. Reuchlin, while at Heidelberg, had amused himself by writing a satirical drama, entitled _Sergius seu Capitis Caput_, in ridicule of his absurd and ignorant monkish opponent. This he purposed to have had represented by some students, for the amusement of his friends; but Dalberg, for prudent reasons, dissuaded its performance. It being known, however, that a dramatic exhibition was intended, not to disappoint those who were anxiously expecting it, Reuchlin hastily availed himself of the very amusing old farce of _Maistre Pierre Patelin_, and produced his _Scænica Progymnasmata_, in which the _Rustic Henno_ is the principal character. It varies much, however, from its prototype, is very laughable, and severely satirical upon the defects of the law and the dishonesty of advocates. Its popularity is evinced by the numerous editions; and, as the commentary was intended for the instruction of youth in the niceties of the Latin language, it was used as a school-book; the copies shared the fate of such books, and hence its rarity. It is perhaps the earliest comic drama of the German stage, having been performed before Dalberg, Bishop of Worms (at Heidelberg in 1497), to whom it is also inscribed by Reuchlin. It seems to have given the good bishop great pleasure, and he requited each of the performers with a gold ring and some gold coin. Their names are recorded at the end of the drama. Melchior Adam gives the following account:-- "Ibi Comoediam scripsit, _Capitis Caput_ plenam nigri salis & acerbitatis adversus Monachum, qui ejus vitæ insidiatus erat. Ibi & alteram Comoediam edidit _fabulam Gallicam_, plenam candidi salis; in qua forensia sophismata præcipue taxat. Hanc narrabat hac occasione scriptam & actam esse. Cum alteram de Monacho scipsisset, fama sparsa est de agenda Comoedia, quod illo tempore inusitatum erat. Dalburgius lecta, illius Monachi insectatione, dissuasit editionem & actionem, quod eodem tempore & apud Philipum Palatinum Franciscanus erat _Capellus_, propter potentiam & malas artes invisus nobilibus & sapientibus viris in aula. Intellexit periculum Capnio & hanc Comoediam occultavit. Interea tamen, quia flagitabatur actio, alteram dulcem fabellam edit, & repræsentari ab ingeniosis adolescentibus, quorum ibi extant nomina, curat." Mr. Hallam (_Literat. of Europe_, vol. i. p. 292., {90} 1st ed.), misled by Warton and others, gives a very defective and erroneous account of the _Progymnasmata Scænica_, which he supposed to contain several dramas; but he concludes by saying, "the book is very scarce, and I have never seen it." Gottsched, in his _History of the German Drama_, merely says he had seen some notice of a Latin drama by Reuchlin. Hans Sachs translated it into German, after his manner, and printed it in 1531 under the title of _Henno_. S.W.S. Mickleham, Dec. 1. 1849. * * * * * MYLES BLOMEFYLDE--ORTUS VOCABULORUM. Sir,--In reference to the Query of BURIENSIS in No. 4. of your periodical, as to the parentage of Myles Blomefylde, of Bury St. Edmund's, I beg to contribute the following information. In the library of St. John's College, Cambridge, is a volume containing an _unique_ copy of "the boke called the Informacyon for pylgrymes vnto the holy lande," printed by Wynkyn de Worde, in 1524, at the end of which occurs the following manuscript note:-- "I, Myles Blomefylde, of Burye Saynct Edmunde in Suffolke, was borne ye yeare following after ye pryntyng of this boke (that is to saye) in the yeare of our Lorde 1525, the 5 day of Apryll, betwene 10 & 11, in ye nyght, nyghest xi, my father's name John, and my mother's name Anne." This tract is bound up with two others, on both of which Blomefylde has written his initials, and from one entry seems to have been at Venice in 1568. He was undoubtedly an ardent book-collector, and I possess copies of the _Ortus Vocabulorum_, printed by W. de Worde, in 1518, and the _Promptuarium Parvulorum_, printed by the same, in 1516, bound together, on both of which the name of _Myles Blomefylde_ in inscribed. I may add, as a slight contribution to a future edition of the _Typographical Antiquities_, that among Bagford's curious collection of title-pages in the Harleian Collection of MSS. (which I doubt if Dr. Dibdin ever consulted with care), there is the last leaf of an edition of the _Ortus Vocabulorum_, unnoticed by bibliographers, with the following colophon:-- "Impr. London. per Wynandum de Worde, commorantem in vico nuncupato Fletestrete, sub intersignio solis aurei, Anno incarnatiôis Dominice M.CCCCC.IX. die vero prima mêsis Decêbris."--_Harl. MSS._ 5919. art. 36. * * * * * ANSWERS TO MINOR QUERIES. The Curse of Scotland--Why the Nine of Diamonds is so called. When I was a child (now about half a century ago) my
{'title': 'Notes and Queries, Number 06, December 8, 1849 by Various', 'source': 'Project Gutenberg', 'lang': 'en'}