Egyptian was spoken until the late 17th century AD in the form of Coptic. The national language of modern-day Egypt is Egyptian Arabic, which gradually replaced Coptic as the language of daily life in the centuries after the Muslim conquest of Egypt.Coptic is still used as the liturgical language of the Coptic Church. Old Egyptian language (2686 BC â 2181 BC, the language of the Old Kingdom). 2  Middle Egyptian language (2055 BC â 1650 BC), characterizing Middle Kingdom (2055 BC â 1650 BC, but enduring through the early 18th Dynasty until the Amarna Period (1353 BC), and continuing on as a literary language into the 4th century AD).