METHODS	This multicentre , blinded , triple-dummy , parallel-group , non-inferiority study randomised patients aged 40years with moderate-to-severe COPD ( post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1s ( FEV1 ) 30 % to < 80 % predicted ) to QVA149 110/50g o.d. or TIO 18g o.d. + FOR 12g twice daily ( 1:1 ) for 26weeks .\