RESULTS	We characterized the effect of antiretroviral therapy ( ART ) treatment versus the untreated state ( HIV replication ) via 3 separate analyses : ( 1 ) a cross-sectional comparison of those on and off ART ( n = 717 ) ; ( 2 ) a randomized comparison of deferring versus starting ART ( n = 217 ) ; and ( 3 ) a randomized comparison of stopping versus continuing ART ( n = 500 ) .\