CREATE TABLE airlines (country VARCHAR, name VARCHAR, alid VARCHAR)
CREATE TABLE routes (alid VARCHAR)

For each country and airline name, how many routes are there?
SELECT T1.country, T1.name, COUNT(*) FROM airlines AS T1 JOIN routes AS T2 ON T1.alid = T2.alid GROUP BY T1.country, T1.name
SELECT "T1"."country", "T1"."name", COUNT(*) FROM "airlines" AS "T1" JOIN "routes" AS "T2" ON "T1"."alid" = "T2"."alid" GROUP BY "T1"."country", "T1"."name"