CREATE TABLE table_204_232 (id NUMBER, "rank" NUMBER, "nation" CLOB, "gold" NUMBER, "silver" NUMBER, "bronze" NUMBER, "total" NUMBER)

which nation is before peru
SELECT "nation" FROM table_204_232 WHERE "rank" = (SELECT "rank" FROM table_204_232 WHERE "nation" = 'peru') - 1
SELECT "nation" FROM "table_204_232" WHERE "rank" = (SELECT "rank" FROM "table_204_232" WHERE "nation" = 'peru') - 1