자외선,염기,알킬화제,MNNG,Acridine
DNA 염기의 알킬화를 촉진하는 물질에는 dimethylsulfate (DMS), diethylsulfate (DES), methylmethane sulfnate (MMS), ethylethane sulfnate (EES), ethylmethane sulfnate (EMS), NmethylN9nitrNnitrsguanidine (MNNG) 등이 있다.