the avocado tree is ` transgender ' and has overnight sex changes , a botanist has discovered . professor john warren discovered avocado trees switch from male to female in a matter of hours . professor warren , based at the university of aberystwyth , wales , said the avocado tree displays ` unique flowering behaviour ' . he found that during the day the trees , which grow in tropical and mediterranean climates , flower with their ` female parts ' ready to be pollinated by bees . professor john warren discovered avocado trees switch from male to female in a matter of hours . the flowers close for the night and then the next morning they reopen - but now they use their ` male anthers ' to spread their pollen . professor warren said : ` the whole elaborate exercise seems to have evolved to increase the chances of cross-pollination , while limiting the amount of self-pollination . simple measures such as staying inside and watching tv can help combat potential flu epidemics , experts have revealed . vaccinations and medications provide an effective form of response in the face of an outbreak . 1960 maradona is born . maradona -lrb- l -rrb- and kusturica -lrb- r -rrb- arrive at the screening of ` maradona ' , cannes international film festival 2008 . 1971 scouted age 11 for the junior team of argentinos juniors . 1976 makes his professional debut aged 15 . ` the trees are usually successful in avoiding the ` sin ' of inbreeding . ' professor warren has written about the avocado in his book called the nature of crops . the botanist , from the university of aberystwyth , pictured , said the plants limited the amount of self-pollination . but avoiding social activity and staying at home can help halt the spread of infectious diseases , scientists have said . scroll down for video . simple measures such as staying at home during a flu pandemic can help halt spread of the virus , scientists have today revealed . a new study by a team of scientists at the university of california , arizona state university , georgia state university and yale university found these non-pharmaceutical interventions can prove effective . whether privately initiated or policy directed , actions calling for the closure of schools and entertainment venues , and cancelling public events are becoming more relevant in control strategies . lead author of the study economist michael springborn , from the univeristy of california , said : the swine flu outbreak that hit mexico city in april 2009 could have been worse , but spread of the virus was reduced by people 's behavioural response of distancing themselves from each other . ' the researchers created a a new model that incorporates behavioural responses into existing models of disease spread . in april 2009 in mexico , following confirmation of a new strain of a/h1n1 influenza virus , or swine flu , the federal government closed public schools in mexico city and ` social distancing ' measures were put in place . researchers looked at television viewing in the home in central mexico as an indicator of behavioural response , during the pandemic . 1977 makes his full international debut for argentina aged just 16 . 1979 scores first international goal and wins the junior world cup . 1981 transfers to boca juniors for $ 1.96 m. 1982 plays his first world cup for argentina , scoring twice , but also getting sent off . afterwards he is transferred to barcelona fc for a then world record $ 9.81 m. professor springborn said television ratings are consistently and widely available and ` highly correlate ' with time spent in the home . the data provides a good indicator for the level of social interaction , with time spent watching tv increasing with the amount of time spent in the home . when people are at home , they limit the number of other people they come into contact with . 1983 wins the spanish cup with barcelona . 1984 transfers from barcelona to serie a napoli for another record fee of $ 13.54 m. 1986 captains argentina to world cup victory , scoring two goals against england on the way , the first , the infamous `` hand of god '' and the second an incredible 50 meter run voted `` goal of the century '' in a 2002 fifa poll . in march 2009 following confirmation of a new strain of a/h1n1 influenza virus , the federal government closed public schools in mexico city and ` social distancing ' measures were put in place . ` we found that the behavioural response to the outbreak was initially strong but waned sooner than expected , ' professor springborn said . ` this dynamic is interpreted as a rebound effect . ' at the onset of the flu outbreak , the public responded strongly to the directed control policies . but after a period of time of staying at home , people began to leave the confines of their houses . professor springborn said : ` this suggests that efforts to utilise social distancing to mitigate disease spread may have a limited window of efficacy , before pent up demand for activities outside the home takes precedence . ' 1987 helps napoli to their first italian title . 1990 hit by paternity suit after world cup final defeat by west germany . 1991 fails a drugs test and is banned for 15 months . leaves italy in disgrace . 1992 makes his comeback at sevilla in spain . 1993 heads back to argentina with newell 's old boys after disagreement with sevilla . 1994 sent home after failing drugs test at the world cup in the u.s.a. 1996 books into a clinic for drug addiction . 1997 announces retirement from football aged 37 after failing another drugs test . 2000 collapses with heart problems . 2002 moves to cuba to try and combat drug addiction . 2004 rushed to hospital after another collapse . 2005 maradona hosts his own talk show , interviewing pele on the opening night . 2008 emir kusturica 's documentary `` maradona '' is shown at the cannes film festival . the study revealed measures including using face masks can be effective at halting the spread of flu during an outbreak . in 1918 the influenza pandemic in australia reflected that behaviour pattern . when the perceived risk decreased , the public reverted back to normal behaviour . ` our study reinforces the view that capturing behavioural changes that amplify or blunt the transmission rate is key to improve our ability to make predictions about the impact of epidemics , ' said co-author dr gerardo chowell , from georgia state university . the study 's findings revealed differences in age groups and socio-economic groups . the researchers found that the increase in television watching for children and wealthier groups was more pronounced . the authors speculate that those from poorer backgrounds may face greater difficulty in taking self-protective measures , like social distancing , because of less flexibility with working hours . they suggest the differences could have implications for policy makers directing responses to future outbreaks , directing more resources to help those with lower financial means . professor springborn , said : ` this affects public health authorities tasked with planning epidemics . ` this has implications for management advice , including the allocation of resources between pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions . ' other forms of non-pharmaceutical interventions include closing businesses and distributing face masks . but people can also take personal action , washing their hands thoroughly and wearing personal face masks to help reduce transmission . the study was published in the journal bmc infectious diseases .
new study focused on non-pharmaceutical interventions to stop flu . scientists found simple measures such as staying at home and avoiding social interaction can help in the event of a pandemic . in 2009 when swine flu was confirmed in mexico the government closed schools and introduced ` social distancing ' measures . scientists monitored its effectiveness by analysing tv watching patterns in the home and found initially it worked - but tailed off after time .
sin ' of inbreeding . ' professor warren has written about the avocado in his book called the nature of crops . the botanist , from the university of aberystwyth , pictured , said the plants limited the amount of self-pollination . but avoiding social activity and staying at home can help halt the spread of infectious diseases , scientists have said . scroll down for video . simple measures such as staying at home during a flu pandemic can help halt spread of the virus , scientists have today revealed . a new study by a team of scientists at the university of california , arizona state university , georgia state university and yale university found these non-pharmaceutical interventions can prove effective . whether privately initiated or policy directed , actions calling for the closure of schools and entertainment venues , and cancelling public events are becoming more relevant in control strategies . lead author of the study economist michael springborn , from the univeristy of california , said : the swine flu outbreak that hit mexico city in april 2009 could have been worse , but spread of the virus was reduced by people 's behavioural response of distancing themselves from each other . ' the researchers created a a new model that incorporates behavioural responses into existing models of disease spread . in april 2009 in mexico , following confirmation of a new strain of a/h1n1 influenza virus , or swine flu , the federal government closed public schools in mexico city and government closed public schools in mexico city and ` social distancing ' measures were put in place . ` we found that the behavioural response to the outbreak was initially strong but waned sooner than expected , ' professor springborn said . ` this dynamic is interpreted as a rebound effect . ' at the onset of the flu outbreak , the public responded strongly to the directed control policies . but after a period of time of staying at home , people began to leave the confines of their houses . professor springborn said : ` this suggests that efforts to utilise social distancing to mitigate disease spread may have a limited window of efficacy , before pent up demand for activities outside the home takes precedence . ' 1987 helps napoli to their first italian title . 1990 hit by paternity suit after world cup final defeat by west germany . 1991 fails a drugs test and is banned for 15 months . leaves italy in disgrace . 1992 makes his comeback at sevilla in spain . 1993 heads back to argentina with newell 's old boys after disagreement with sevilla . 1994 sent home after failing drugs test at the world cup in the u.s.a. 1996 books into a clinic for drug addiction . 1997 announces retirement from football aged 37 after failing another drugs test . 2000 collapses with heart problems . 2002 moves to cuba to try and combat drug addiction . 2004 rushed to hospital after another collapse . 2005 maradona hosts his own talk show , interviewing pele on the opening night . 2008 emir kusturica 's documentary `` maradona '' is shown at the cannes film festival . the study revealed measures including using face masks can be effective at halting the spread of flu during an outbreak . in 1918 the influenza pandemic in australia reflected that behaviour pattern . when the perceived risk decreased , the public reverted back to normal behaviour . ` our study reinforces the view that capturing behavioural changes that amplify or blunt the transmission rate is key to improve our ability to make predictions about the impact of epidemics , ' said co-author dr gerardo chowell , from georgia state university . the study 's findings revealed differences in age groups and socio-economic groups . the researchers found that the increase in television watching for children and wealthier groups was more pronounced . the authors speculate that those from poorer backgrounds may face greater difficulty in taking self-protective measures , like social distancing , because of less flexibility with working hours . they suggest the differences could have implications for policy makers directing responses to future outbreaks , directing more resources to help those with lower financial means . professor springborn , said : ` this affects public health authorities tasked with planning epidemics . ` this has implications for management advice , including the allocation of resources between pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions . ' other forms of non-pharmaceutical interventions include closing businesses and distributing face masks . but people can also take personal action , washing their hands thoroughly and wearing personal face masks to help reduce transmission . the study was published in the journal bmc infectious diseases .
' to spread their pollen . professor warren said : ` the whole elaborate exercise seems to have evolved to increase the chances of cross-pollination , while limiting the amount of self-pollination . simple measures such as staying inside and watching tv can help combat potential flu epidemics , experts have revealed . vaccinations and medications provide an effective form of response in the face of an outbreak . 1960 maradona is born . maradona -lrb- l -rrb- and kusturica -lrb- r -rrb- arrive at the screening of ` maradona ' , cannes international film festival 2008 . 1971 scouted age 11 for the junior team of argentinos juniors . 1976 makes his professional debut aged 15 . ` the trees are usually successful in avoiding the ` sin ' of inbreeding . ' professor warren has written about the avocado in his book called the nature of crops . the botanist , from the university of aberystwyth , pictured , said the plants limited the amount of self-pollination . but avoiding social activity and staying at home can help halt the spread of infectious diseases , scientists have said . scroll down for video . simple measures such as staying at home during a flu pandemic can help halt spread of the virus , scientists have today revealed . a new study by a team of scientists at the university of california , arizona state university , georgia state university and yale university found these non-pharmaceutical interventions can prove effective . whether privately initiated or policy directed , actions calling for the closure of schools and entertainment venues , and cancelling public events are becoming more relevant in control strategies . lead author of the study economist michael springborn , from the univeristy of california , said : the swine flu outbreak that hit mexico city in april 2009 could have been worse , but spread of the virus was reduced by people 's behavioural response of distancing themselves from each other . ' the researchers created a a new model that incorporates behavioural responses into existing models of disease spread . in april 2009 in mexico , following confirmation of a new strain of a/h1n1 influenza virus , or swine flu , the federal government closed public schools in mexico city and level of social interaction , with time spent watching tv increasing with the amount of time spent in the home . when people are at home , they limit the number of other people they come into contact with . 1983 wins the spanish cup with barcelona . 1984 transfers from barcelona to serie a napoli for another record fee of $ 13.54 m. 1986 captains argentina to world cup victory , scoring two goals against england on the way , the first , the infamous `` hand of god '' and the second an incredible 50 meter run voted `` goal of the century '' in a 2002 fifa poll . in march 2009 following confirmation of a new strain of a/h1n1 influenza virus , the federal government closed public schools in mexico city and ` social distancing ' measures were put in place . ` we found that the behavioural response to the outbreak was initially strong but waned sooner than expected , ' professor springborn said . ` this dynamic is interpreted as a rebound effect . ' at the onset of the flu outbreak , the public responded strongly to the directed control policies . but after a period of time of staying at home , people began to leave the confines of their houses . professor springborn said : ` this suggests that efforts to utilise social distancing to mitigate disease spread may have a limited window of efficacy , before pent up demand for activities outside the home takes precedence maradona hosts his own talk show , interviewing pele on the opening night . 2008 emir kusturica 's documentary `` maradona '' is shown at the cannes film festival . the study revealed measures including using face masks can be effective at halting the spread of flu during an outbreak . in 1918 the influenza pandemic in australia reflected that behaviour pattern . when the perceived risk decreased , the public reverted back to normal behaviour . ` our study reinforces the view that capturing behavioural changes that amplify or blunt the transmission rate is key to improve our ability to make predictions about the impact of epidemics , ' said co-author dr gerardo chowell , from georgia state university . the study 's findings revealed differences in age groups and socio-economic groups . the researchers found that the increase in television watching for children and wealthier groups was more pronounced . the authors speculate that those from poorer backgrounds may face greater difficulty in taking self-protective measures , like social distancing , because of less flexibility with working hours . they suggest the differences could have implications for policy makers directing responses to future outbreaks , directing more resources to help those with lower financial means . professor springborn , said : ` this affects public health authorities tasked with planning epidemics . ` this has implications for management advice , including the allocation of resources between pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions . ' other forms of non-pharmaceutical interventions include closing businesses and distributing face masks . but people can also take personal action , washing their hands thoroughly and wearing personal face masks to help reduce transmission . the study was published in the journal bmc infectious diseases .
the avocado tree ` transgender overnight sex changes, a botanist professor john warren discovered avocado trees switch male a matter. professor warren, based aberystwyth wales said the avocado tree displays ` unique flowering behaviour he found during trees, grow tropical and mediterranean climates flower with their ` female parts ready pollinated professor john warren discovered avocado trees switch male a matter. the flowers close for reopen - but now use their ` male anthers spread. professor warren said : ` the whole elaborate exercise seems evolved increase cross, while limiting. simple measures such staying inside watching tv can combat potential flu epidemics, experts revealed vaccinations medications provide an effective form response. 1960 maradona is born. maradona -lrb- l -rrb- and kusturica r arrive the screening `, cannes international film festival 2008. 1971 scouted age 11 for the junior team of argentinos juniors. 1976 makes aged. ` the trees usually successful avoiding the ` sin ' inbreeding. ' professor warren has written the avocado in called the nature crops. the botanist, from the university aberystwyth pictured, said the plants limited. but avoiding social activity staying can halt, scientists scroll. simple measures such staying during halt spread, today a new study the university california, arizona state university georgia state university and yale university these non-pharmaceutical interventions prove. whether privately initiated policy directed, actions calling the closure schools entertainment venues cancelling are becoming relevant control strategies lead author the study economist michael springborn, from : the swine flu outbreak that mexico city april 2009 could worse, spread of reduced people 's behavioural response of distancing each ' the researchers created a a new model incorporates behavioural responses into existing models disease spread. in april 2009 in mexico, following confirmation a new strain a/h1n1 influenza virus, or the federal government closed public schools mexico city ` social distancing ' measures put. looked television viewing in the home in central mexico as behavioural response, during the pandemic. 1977 makes his full international debut argentina aged. 1979 scores first international goal and wins the junior world cup. 1981 transfers boca for $ 1.96 m. 1982 plays his first world cup for argentina, scoring, getting sent. afterwards he is transferred barcelona fc for a then world record $ 9.81 m. professor springborn said television ratings consistently and widely available ` highly correlate ' time. the data provides social interaction, with time watching tv increasing. when people at, limit come 1983 wins the spanish cup barcelona. 1984 transfers barcelona serie a napoli for another record fee $ 13.54 m. 1986 captains argentina to world cup victory, scoring against england on, the first, the infamous `` hand god '' the second an incredible 50 meter run voted goal '' a 2002 fifa poll in march 2009 following confirmation a new strain a/h1n1 influenza virus, the federal government closed public schools mexico city ` social distancing ' measures put. ` we found the behavioural response the outbreak initially strong waned sooner, ' professor springborn ` this dynamic interpreted a rebound effect. ' at the onset the flu outbreak, the public responded strongly the directed control policies. but after a period of staying, people leave the confines. professor springborn said : ` this suggests efforts utilise social distancing mitigate disease spread a limited window efficacy, before pent up activities outside takes. ' 1987 helps napoli to their first italian title. 1990 hit by paternity suit after world cup final defeat west germany. 1991 fails a drugs test banned 15 months. leaves italy in disgrace. 1992 makes his comeback sevilla spain. 1993 heads back argentina newell 's old boys after disagreement sevilla. 1994 sent home after failing drugs at the world cup the u.s.a. 1996 books into a clinic. 1997 announces retirement from football aged 37 after failing another drugs. 2000 collapses with heart problems. 2002 moves cuba to try combat drug addiction. 2004 rushed hospital another collapse. 2005 maradona hosts his own talk show, interviewing pele on the opening night. 2008 emir kusturica 's documentary `` maradona '' shown the cannes film festival. the study revealed measures including using face masks can halting flu during. in 1918 the influenza pandemic australia reflected that behaviour pattern. when the perceived risk decreased, the public reverted ` our study reinforces capturing behavioural changes amplify blunt the transmission rate is key improve make predictions epidemics, ' co-author dr gerardo chowell from georgia state university. the study 's findings revealed differences age groups. the researchers the increase television watching and wealthier groups more. the authors speculate those from poorer backgrounds face taking, like social distancing because less flexibility with working hours they suggest the differences could implications policy makers directing responses future outbreaks, directing help those lower financial means. professor springborn, said : ` this affects public health authorities tasked planning epidemics. ` this has implications management advice, including the allocation between ' other forms include closing businesses distributing face masks. but people take personal action, washing thoroughly wearing personal face masks transmission. the study bmc infectious diseases.
sin ' of inbreeding . ' professor warren has written about the avocado in his book called the nature of crops . the botanist , from the university of aberystwyth , pictured , said the plants limited the amount of self-pollination . but avoiding social activity and staying at home can help halt the spread of infectious diseases , scientists have said . scroll down for video . simple measures such as staying at home during a flu pandemic can help halt spread of the virus , scientists have today revealed . a new study by a team of scientists at the university of california , arizona state university , georgia state university and yale university found these non-pharmaceutical interventions can prove effective . whether privately initiated or policy directed , actions calling for the closure of schools and entertainment venues , and cancelling public events are becoming more relevant in control strategies . lead author of the study economist michael springborn , from the univeristy of california , said : the swine flu outbreak that hit mexico city in april 2009 could have been worse , but spread of the virus was reduced by people 's behavioural response of distancing themselves from each other . ' the researchers created a a new model that incorporates behavioural responses into existing models of disease spread . in april 2009 in mexico , following confirmation of a new strain of a/h1n1 influenza virus , or swine flu , the federal government closed public schools in mexico city and maradona hosts his own talk show , interviewing pele on the opening night . 2008 emir kusturica 's documentary `` maradona '' is shown at the cannes film festival . the study revealed measures including using face masks can be effective at halting the spread of flu during an outbreak . in 1918 the influenza pandemic in australia reflected that behaviour pattern . when the perceived risk decreased , the public reverted back to normal behaviour . ` our study reinforces the view that capturing behavioural changes that amplify or blunt the transmission rate is key to improve our ability to make predictions about the impact of epidemics , ' said co-author dr gerardo chowell , from georgia state university . the study 's findings revealed differences in age groups and socio-economic groups . the researchers found that the increase in television watching for children and wealthier groups was more pronounced . the authors speculate that those from poorer backgrounds may face greater difficulty in taking self-protective measures , like social distancing , because of less flexibility with working hours . they suggest the differences could have implications for policy makers directing responses to future outbreaks , directing more resources to help those with lower financial means . professor springborn , said : ` this affects public health authorities tasked with planning epidemics . ` this has implications for management advice , including the allocation of resources between pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions . ' other forms of non-pharmaceutical interventions include closing businesses and distributing face masks . but people can also take personal action , washing their hands thoroughly and wearing personal face masks to help reduce transmission . the study was published in the journal bmc infectious diseases .
 The text discusses the importance of staying at home during flu pandemics to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. It highlights how social distancing and avoiding crowded areas can help reduce the transmission of viruses. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for individuals to take personal responsibility in preventing the spread of diseases by practicing good hygiene, wearing masks, and getting vaccinated. The article also mentions the role of scientists and policymakers in developing strategies to mitigate the impact of pandemics.