Bertholletia excelsa
Bertholletia excelsa (binomen ab Amato Bonpland cum Alexandro von Humboldt anno 1807 statutum) est arbor Americana Meridionalis in familia Lecythidacearum et fons seminis edulis commercioque exculti.

Arbor est sola species in monotypico typo generis Bertholletiae. Endemica est in Guianis, Venetiola, Brasilia, Columbia orientali, Peruvia orientali, et Bolivia orientali. In nemoribus dispersis intra magnas silvas ad ripas fluminum Amazoniae, Nigri, et Orinoci viget. Generis nomen ex Claudio Ludovico Berthollet, chemista Francico, deducitur.

Arbor, una ex maximis silvae pluvialis Amazonicae arborum, ad 30–45 metra alta attingit, trunco 1–2 metra lato. Potest vivere plusquam 500 annos, et secundum nonnullos eruditos, aetatem 1000 annorum saepe adsequitur. Caulis est recta, ferme sine ramis per plusquam dimidium altitudinis arboris, et folia longique rami in altum super folia ramique aliarum arborum prominent. Cortex est cineraceus et laevis. Folia sunt tempore sicco decidua, alterna, simplicia, integra aut crenata, oblonga, 20–35 centimetra longa, et 10–15 centimetra lata. Flores sunt parvi, pallide virides, in paniculis 5–10 centimetra longis; cuique flori est deciduus duarum partium calyx, sex inaequalia petala cremea, et numerosa stamina in lata massa cucullata coniuncta.

Reproductio 
Arbores fructum paene solum in silvis pristinis producunt, quia silvae turbatae magnis apibus generum Bombi, Centris, Epicharis, Eulaemae, et Xylocopae carent, solis insectis quae arboris flores possunt pollinare (Moritz 1984; Nelson et al. 1985).

Notae

Bibliographia 
 Fontes antiquiores
 1586 : Ioannes Lerius, Historia navigationis in Brasiliam p. 155 2a ed. ("Sabaucaie")
 Alexander von Humboldt, Amatus Bonpland, Plantae Aequinoctiales vol. 1 pp. 122–127, pl. 36

 Eruditio recentior
 Fruit-bearing Forest Trees: technical notes. (FAO Forestry Paper, 34.) Romae: Food and Agriculture Organization, 1982. Textus
 Victor L. Caetano Andrade et al., "Growth rings of Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa) as a living record of historical human disturbance in Central Amazonia" in PLOS One (3 Aprilis 2019)
 Charles R. Clement, Michelly de Cristo-Araújo, Geo Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge, Alessandro Alves Pereira, Doriane Picanço-Rodrigues, "Origin and Domestication of Native Amazonian Crops" in Diversity vol. 2 (2010) pp. 72-106
 A. Moritz, Estudos biológicos da floração e da frutificação da castanha-do-Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa HBK). 1984. Vol. 29
 B. W. Nelson, M. L. Absy, E. M. Barbosa, G. T. Prance, "Observations on flower visitors to Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K. and Couratari tenuicarpa A.C.Sm. (Lecythidaceae)" in Acta Amazonica vol. 15 (1985) pp. 225–234
 Carlos A. Peres et al., "Demographic threats to the sustainability of Brazil nut exploitation" in Science vol. 302 (2003) pp. 2112–2114

Nexus externi 

  Listed as Vulnerable (VU A1acd+2 cd v2.3)
 Pagina nucum Brasilianarum apud New York Botanical Gardens

Descriptio 

Agricultura tropica
Lecythidaceae
Monotypica plantarum genera
Nuces et semina edulia
Plantae ex hominibus appellatae
Plantae vulnerabiles
Fruges Americae australis
Taxa Bonpland
Taxa 1807