Ottomanus
Ottomanus, plenius Uthman ibn Affan (Arabice عثمان بن عفانʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān; natus  Taif in Paeninsula Arabica Arabiae Saudianae inter annos 573 et 576; mortuus Medinae in Paeninsula Arabica in Caliphatu Rascidunico 17 Iunii 656), fuit gener et comes (sahabah) Mahometi, prophetae Islamici, et tertius ex caliphis caliphatus Rascidunici. Regnavit a 6 Novembris 644 ad 17 Iunii 656.

Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad

Notae

Bibliographia 

Madelung, Wilferd. 1998. The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-52-164696-3.  Google Books.
Muir, William. 1924. The Caliphate: its rise, decline and fall; from orig. sources. Nova editio. Edimburgi: Grant.
Ochsenweld, William, et Sydney Nettleton Fisher. 2004. The Middle East: A History. Ed. sexta. Novi Eboraci: McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-244233-5.
Oliver, Asma Afsaruddin. 2009. "ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān." In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World, ed. John L. Esposito. Oxoniae: Oxford: Oxford University Press. Editio interretialis.
Rogerson, Barnaby. 2008. The Heirs of Muhammad: Islam's First Century and the Origins of the Sunni-Shia Split. Overlook. ISBN 978-1-59-020022-3. Google Books.
Rogerson, Barnaby. 2010. The Heirs of the Prophet Muhammad and the Roots of the Sunni-Shia Schism. Little, Brown Book Group. ISBN 978-0-74-812470-1. Google Books.

Nexus externi 

 "Uthman in History."
 "Uthman ibn Affan." Quilliam Press.
 "Ever Since the Murder of Uthman." Memri.org.
 "Uthman's election."
 "The assassination of `Uthman Ibn `Affan."
 "Uthman and Abdullah bin Massood."

Caliphae
Necati