Circus hodiernus
Circus hodiernus est grex spectaculorum artificium, in quo numero possunt esse scurrae, petauristae, saltatores trapezii et trochorum, funambuli, praestigiatores, unirotistae, aliique actores. Pater circi hodierni creditur esse Philippus Astley, qui circum anno 1768 in Anglia administrabat.

Acrobatica
Funem extentum ire
Trapezium

Bibliographia 
 Assael, Brenda. 2005. Circus and Victorian Society. Charlottesvilla Virginiae: University of Virginia Press. ISBN 0-8139-2340-9.
Croft-Cooke, Rupert, et Peter Cotes. 1976. Circus: A World History. Londinii: Elek. ISBN 0-236-40051-7.
 Johnson, William M. 1990. The Rose-Tinted Menagerie. Iridescent Publishing.
 Nance, Susan. 2013. Entertaining Elephants: Animal Agency and the Business of the American Circus. Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Speaight, George. 1980. A History of the Circus. Londinii: The Tantivy Press. ISBN 0-498-02470-9.
Stoddart, Helen. 2000. Rings of Desire: Circus History and Representation. Mancuniae: Manchester University Press. ISBN 0-7190-5234-3.

Ars acroamatica
Ars actionis