Cochlear (instrumentum)
Cochlear est instrumentum escarium quod in parvo levique, ovato rotundove poculo manubriato consistit. Cochlearia praecipue ad mensan exstruendam adhibentur, sed etiam in cibo parando ad metienda, miscenda, excitanda, iactanda elementa. Cochlearia hodierna ex metallo (insigniter argento, aut laminato aut solido), ligno, porcellana, vel plastica fabricantur. In variis culturis longe diversa cochlearia ex variis materiis facta ad multos usus cibosque apta sunt.

Historia

Inter exstantia variarum cochlearium formarum exempla in Aegypto antiquá adhibita sunt cochlearia ex ebore, silice, ardesia, lignoque facta, quorum multa symbolis religiosis ferunt. In civilizatione Ozieri neolithica in Sardinia, trullae et cochlearia iam in usu erant. Cochlearia in Sinis tempore domús Xang ex ossibus fabricabantur; aeneis autem cochlearibus ibi erant acumina, et instrumenta escaria esse poterant.

Cochlearia etiam instrumenta musica esse possunt.

Pinacotheca

Notae

Bibliographia
Bednersh, Wayne. 2000. Collectible Souvenir Spoons: The Grand Tour. Collector Books. ISBN 978-1-57432-189-0.
Camps-Fabrer, H. 1988. "Cuillers et louches préhistoriques: un nouvel art de vivre." Travaux du LAPMO 1987, 11-46.
Hardt, Anton. 1977. New discoveries in historical spoons: souvenirs of United States and Canada. Novi Eboraci: Greenwich Press. ISBN 0911708057.
Helfrich-Dörner, Alma. 1959. Messer Löffel Gabel seit wann? Hans P. Eppinger-Verlag, Schwäbisch Hall.
Needham, Joseph. 2000. Science and Civilisation in China: Fermentations and Food Science. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65270-4. Google Books, pagina 106.
Paczensky, Gert von, et Anna Dünnebier. 1994. Leere Töpfe, volle Töpfe: Die Kulturgeschichte des Essens und Trinkens. Monaci: Knaus. ISBN 3-8135-2082-X.
Rainwater, Dorothy. 1992. Spoons From Around the World. Novi Eboraci: Shiffer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-88740-425-2.
Spark, Nick. 2007. Spoons West! Fred Harvey, the Navajo, and the Souvenir Spoons of the West 1890-1941. Angelopoli Californiae: Periscope Film. ISBN 978-0-9786388-9-4.
Zischka, Ulrike, ed. 1994. Die anständige Lust: Von Esskultur und Tafelsitten: Ausstellungskatalog. Monaci: Edition Spangenberg bei Droemer-Knaur. ISBN 3-426-26807-8.

Nexus externi

"The History of Eating Utensils: Spoons." Rietz Collection of Food Technology.
Jackson, C. J. 1892. "The Spoon and its history. Archaeologia 53: 107–146. Hathitrust.
"History of Spoon: Eating Utensils."
"The Making of a Spoon, Georgian style." Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks, Hallmarks & Makers' Marks.

Instrumenta cenandi