Philemon albitorques
Philemon albitorques, vulgo chauka (Anglice: white-naped friarbird, Manus friarbird; Francice: polochion à nuque blanche; Theodisce: Manuslederkopf; Hispanice: filemón nuquiblanco), est species avis familiae Meliphagidarum, in Insulis Manusianis, in Insulis Admiraltatis in septentrionali Papuae Novae Guineae Archipelago Bismarckiano endemica. Habitatio naturalis est subtropicae tropicaeve silvae humiles humidaeque, ubi superspeciem cum P. fuscicapillo, P. subcorniculato, P. moluccensi, P. plumigeni, P. buceroida, P. cockerelli, et P. eichhorni constituit, quam ad unam speciem monotypicam pertinuisse olim habita est.

Mares feminaeque colorum sunt similes, praecipue plumbei albidique, unde eorum sexus solum magnitudine distinguitur: femina est minor, mas maior, et eorum voces magnitudinibus respondent.

Vexillum Provinciae Manusianae flavam Philemonis albitorquis in volatu imaginem fert (Minol 2000).

In cultura Manusiana, haec avis est signum hominum multiloquacium. Quidam insulanus ait: "Nos Manusiani nugas garrire sicut chauka malumus. Audemus contionem habere quod nos Manusiani in multis rebus sumus habiles, sed profecto, nostrae avis chaukae simillimi sumus: periti solum evomendi." Secundum naturam, "chauka, avis tantum in Provincia Manusiana inventa, primam nuntiat lucem, occasumque praedicat solis; de periculis saepe admonet, numque venatus sit prosper vaticinatur."

Sunameke, Australianus perfunctionis grex, in Spectaculo Pulchritudinis Pacifici Australis Suvae Vitiorum anno 2009 facto, fabulam Clamorem Chaukae (Anglice: Chauka Calling) egit, quo ipsa avis fuit signum admonitionis de periculo Insularum Pacificarum propter calefactionem mundi.

Notae

Bibliographia

In ornithologia 
 Coates, Brian J. 1990. The Birds of Papua New Guinea. 2 vol. Alderley, Terra Reginae, Australia: Dove Publications. ISBN 0-9590257-1-5. Photographema, p. 255.

 Kisokau, K. 1974. "Bibliography of the wildlife of the Admiralty Islands." Science in New Guinea 2(3):263–264.

 Mayr, Ernst, et Jared Diamond. 2001. The Birds of Northern Melanesia. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-514170-9.

 Monroe, Burt, Jr., et Charles G. Sibley. 1997. A World Checklist of Birds. Portus Novus: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-07083-5.

 Ripley, S. D. 1947. "A Report on the Birds Collected by Logan Bennett on Nissan Island and the Admiralty Islands." Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37:95–102.

 Rothschild, et Hartet. 1914. "The Birds of the Admiralty Islands, North of New Guinea." Novitates Zoologicae 21:281–299.

 Scheps, B., et W. Liedtke. 1992. Bibliographie deutschsprachiger kolonialer Literatur zu Quellen der Ethnographie und Geschichte der Bevölkerung von Kaiser Wilhelms-Land, dem Bismarck-Archipel und den Deutschen Salomon-Inseln 1880–1914, annotiert. Ozeanien-Bibliographie, 1. Dresden: Staatliches Museum für Völkerkunde.

 Sclater, P. L. 1877. "Reports on the Collection of Birds Made during the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger: III, On the Birds of the Admiralty Islands." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 551–557.

 Sclater, P. L. 1881. Report of the Birds Collected during the Voyage of HMS Challenger. London: HMSO. Cum triginta "hand-coloured lithographic plates" ex imaginibus a Iosepho Smit pictis.

In litteris 
 Beresford, C. E. 1965. Legends of Manus. Melbourne.

 Kais, Kakah, et Bernard Stephen Minol, eds. 1996. The Stories of Pokop of Pohyomou. Praefatio a Stephano P. Pokawin scripta. Portu Moresbiensi: University of Papua New Guinea Press.

 Minol, Bernard Stephen, ed. 2000. Manus from the Legends to Year 2000: A History of the People of Manus. Papua Nova Guinea: University of Papua New Guinea Press.

 Wilson, Barbara Ker, et Donald S. Stokes. 1980. The Turtle and the Island: Folk Tales from PNG. Sydney: Hodder Headline Australia Children's Books. ISBN 978-9980-57-025-3.

In arte 
Smit, Joseph. 1860. White Naped Friarbird. Ex avibus a navi H.M.S. Challenger conlectis.

Nexus externi 
 BirdLife International. 2004. Philemon albitorques.
 BirdLife International. 2009. Species factsheet: Philemon albitorques.
 Chauka Calling (fabula, ludus scaenicus)
 The Internet Bird Collection. the Internet Bird Collection apud ibc.lynxeds.com
 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2006. 
 Xeno-Canto (voces Philemonis albitorquis et aliarum avium praebet)

Aves Papuae Novae Guineae
Philemon
Philemon
Taxa Sclater
Taxa 1877