Tissa David
Thérèse"Tissa"David(Janairu 5,1921 - Agusta 21,2012 )ɗan asalin ƙasar Romania ne kuma ɗan asalin ƙasar Hungarian ɗan ƙasar Amurka,wanda aikinsa ya ɗauki fiye da shekaru sittin.

Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko a fagen raye-raye,filin da mazaje suka mamaye. Mujallar Millimeter ta bayyana ta a matsayin"daya daga cikin 'yan mata da suka kai matsayi na farko a filin wasan kwaikwayo na al'ada na maza" da kuma"daya daga cikin mafi kyawun duniya da mafi yawan raye-raye"a cikin wani labari da aka buga a 1975.

A shekarar 1953,ta jagoranci ,zama mace ta biyu mai raye-raye da ta shirya fim mai raye-raye.Daga baya David ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka ƙirƙira da kuma haɓaka babban hali a cikin fim lokacin da ta tsara Raggedy Ann don fim ɗin 1977,Raggedy Ann &amp; Andy:A Musical Adventure.

Tarihin Rayuwa

Rayuwar farko 
An haife shi a cikin 1921 a Cluj, Romania,ga dangin Hungarian kabila, Thérèse"Tissa"Davidita ce ta biyu mafi girma a cikin 'ya'yan danginta goma.Ta fara sha'awar rayarwa bayan kallon 1937 Walt Disney fim mai rai,Snow White da Bakwai Dwarfs.

Da farko David ya sami digiri a matsayin malami.Daga nan kuma ta yi rajista a Kwalejin Beaux Arts a Budapest.Duk da haka,ta bar makarantar don fara aikinta a matsayin mataimakiyar mai shirya fina-finai a Magyar Film Iroda,ɗakin studio Budapest.A cikin 2002,ta bayyana ganin aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo na farko a matsayin,"lokaci mafi ban sha'awa a rayuwata."Ta tsira daga harin bam a lokacin Siege na Budapest a 1944 ta hanyar cin wake da naman doki.David ya zama mai haɗin gwiwar Studio Mackassy da Trsi bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II,inda ta lura da abubuwan da aka raye-raye.

Bonjour Paris 
David ya koma Paris,Faransa,a cikin Maris din shekarata 1950 tare da kawarta,Judit Reigl,don tserewa hukumomin gurguzu na Hungary .Ta fara aiki a matsayin kuyanga kuma mai tsabta a Paris yayin da ta koyi Faransanci.David ya zama darektan rayarwa kuma babban mai raye-raye na fim ɗin mai rai,,bayan kasa da shekara guda da zama a Paris. Ta zama mace ta biyu da ta jagoranci wani fim mai raye-raye tare da aikinta a kan Bonjour Paris,wanda za a sake shi a shekarar 1953.(Mace ta farko mai raye-rayen da ta jagoranci fim ɗin mai rai shine Lotte Reiniger.)David kuma ya yi aiki ga Paul Grimault da Jean Image,dukansu biyun sun kasance masu shirya fina-finai, yayin da suke zaune a Paris.

Sana'a a Amurka 
A cikin shekara ta 1955,David ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka kuma ya koyi Turanci,ya zauna a birnin New York. A cikin shekarar 1956,David ya shiga UPA,inda ta zama mataimakiyar mai rairayi Grim Natwick. Ta fara aiki tare da Natwick yayin da duka biyun suka yi aiki a ɗakin wasan kwaikwayo na UPA. David da Natwick daga baya sun ha] a hannu don aiki mai zaman kansa don ɗaruruwan tallace-tallacen talabijin mai rai. David da Natwick kuma sun haɗa kai don ƙirƙirar gajeren wasan kwaikwayo na ƙarshe da aka saki wanda ke nuna hali, Mista Magoo.

Fayil ɗin kasuwancinta na talabijin,wanda ya mamaye shekarun 1950,1960s da 1970s,sun haɗa da wuraren Piel's Beer, wanda ta zana haruffan,Bert da Harry, waɗanda Bob da Ray,ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Amurka ta bayyana.  David kuma ya ƙirƙira tallace-tallace masu rai don Barneys New York, Vlasic Pickles, WQXR,Perrier,Esso da Shell,IBM,Cheerios da Excedrin.

David kuma ya yi aiki a kan fina-finai, gajeren fina-finai,da tallace-tallace tare da masu wasan kwaikwayo na miji da mata, John Hubley da Faith Hubley,don Hubley Studios.  Ƙididdigarta tare da Hubleys sun haɗa da Na Aljanu da Maza da Ƙwai, dukansu sun fito a cikin shekarar 1970, da kuma 1974 gajeren fim,Cockaboody.Dauda ya yi wasa da ƴan matan a Cockaboody.

Ta zazzage haruffa biyu,mace da namiji, don fim ɗin shekarata 1976 mai zaman kansa na Hubleys,Kowa ya hau Carousel.Jaruma Meryl Streep ce ta ba da muryar budurwar David a cikin fim din.

David, wanda ya riga ya zama majagaba mai raye-raye,ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka fara nuna babban jigon fim tare da sakin Raggedy Ann &amp; Andy:A Musical Adventure a 1977.David ya zazzage halin Raggedy Ann don fim ɗin,wanda Richard Williams ya jagoranta.  Ta lura cewa"Na tsara kaina da yawa a cikin Raggedy Ann."A cikin 1977,David ya gaya wa New York Times cewa ta tsara Raggedy Ann a matsayin"Jane mai fili mai zuciyar alewa. –kuma duk mace ce.” Ta yi karin bayani game da samar da a yayin wannan hirar tana mai cewa, “Idan aikin yana da kyau,to watakila zan tabbatar da wani batu. . . .Don ƙirƙirar halayen mace a cikin fim ɗin mai rai,dole ne ku yi tunani kamar mace kuma ku 'ji'kamar mace.Wato ki zama mace.” 

David ya fara wasan kwaikwayo don RO Blechman a ƙarshen 1970s.Ayyukanta tare da Blechman sun haɗa da shirye-shiryen talabijin,duka biyu da aka saki a 1977:fim din talabijin,Kyauta masu sauƙi da kuma na musamman,A Doonesbury Special.A cikin 1988,David ya sami lambar yabo ta Winsor McCay Award yayin lambar yabo ta Annie.

David ya haɗu tare da Michael Sporn Animation daga baya a cikin aikinta, yana aiki akan daidaitawar Sporn's 1990 na The Marzipan Pig,da kuma Ira Sleeps Over,wani fim ɗin talabijin mai rai na 1991.David kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan kwaikwayo na Poe,bisa ga rayuwar Edgar Allan Poe,wanda Sporn ya fito a 2013.

Mutuwa 
David ya mutu daga ciwon kwakwalwa da aka gano kwanan nan a ɗakinta a Upper East Side na Manhattan,New York City,a ranar 21 ga Agusta,2012,yana da shekaru 91.

Nassoshi

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

 Tissa David at IMDb
 Tissa David on GreatWomenAnimators
Matattun 2012