Masarautar Dutse
Masarautar Dutse

Dutse Gadawur, shi ne sabon sunan garin Garu wanda ya samu a cikin ƙarni na goma sha uku sakamakon zuwan wani maharbi Babarbare mai suna Duna magu. Tun kafin bayyanar wannan maharbi a wannan waje, akwai mutane da ke zaune a wannan yanki na Garu. Wannan gari na Garu, shi ne matsungunin fadar masarautar Dutse. Tun kusan ƙarni na ɗaya ake zaton jama’a sun zauna a wannan guri wanda ke da albarkar duwatsun da suka dace da farauta da kuma muhallin zama. Bayan wani lokaci an samu cancanje inda wannan gari na Dutse ya tashi daga masarauta ya koma gunduma a ƙarƙashin masarautar Kano, inda kuma daga baya a cikin shekarar 1993 ya sake komawa masarauta kamar yadda yake tun farko.

Manufar wannan rubutu ita ce, shi rubutun ya zama wata kafa ta samun bayanai dangane da wannan masarauta mai daɗaɗɗen tarihi.

Asali/Tushe 
Akwai maganganu da dama dangane da wannan fadar masarauta ta Dutse. A wata faɗar an ce waɗannan duwatsu da suka kewaye wannan gari na Garu suna
alamta samuwar jama’a a wannan gurin tun lokacin da ɗan’adam ke amfani da dutse a matsayin hanyar samar da kayan amfani, lokacin da a Turance ake kira ‘stone age’ (Sanusi, 2009). A wata ruwayar kuma an ce akwai samuwar wani gari da ake kira Birnin Gija wanda ya taɓa zama cibiyar kasuwancin sahara (trans-saharan trade) tun kafin samuwar Birnin Kano. Shi wannan gari, bashi da nisa da ainihin garin Garu a yanzu haka. Haka nan a wannan gari na Birnin Gija akwai sauran alamomin guraren da aka gudanar da sana’ar rini (Sanusi, 2009). Sannan kuma akwai waɗanda suke fara rubuta tarihin na Dutse daga ƙarni na 13 lokacin da wani maharbi mutumin Barno mai suna Duna Magu ya bayyana a wannan yankin. Wannan mutum shi ne ma wanda ya fara kiran wannan guri da sunan Gadawur (Sanusi, 2009), daga baya kuma aka koma ana kiran gurin da Dutse Gadawur. Duna Magu mutum ne maharbi wanda a ƙoƙarinsa na gano guri mafi dacewa da zai gudanar da sana’arsa ta harbi ya zo wannan yanki na Dutse, ya kuma yi sa’a wannan yanki guri ne mai yawan Gada. Da isarsa kan wannan dutse tun kafin ya gama sauke kayansa na harbi, sai ya hangi wata gada tana gudu, kafin ya waiga ya waigo sai gadar nan ta wulga kamar walƙiya ya nemeta ya rasa, cikin mamaki sai ya kada baki ya ce, ‘yanzu na ga gada, wur ta wuce’. To, ance tun daga wannan lokaci wannan suna na Dutse Gadawur ya zauna (Masarautar Dutse, 2015; Ƙwalli, 1996; Sanusi, 2009).

Dangane da jimawa ko samuwar zaman jama’a a wannan yanki na Dutse kuwa, Masarautar Dutse (2015), ta ruwaito cewa, mutane sun zauna a wannan yanki na Dutse tun kafin Bagauda ya zo Kano. Sannan kuma bayan Bayajidda ba da daɗewa ba an samu dangantaka ta yaƙi tsakanin wannan masarauta ta Dutse da kuma masarautar Kano kamar yadda yazo a Northern Nigerian Publishers (1979). Haka nan akwai batu na cewa kundin tarihin nan na Kano mai suna ‘Kano Chronicle’ ya bayyana cewa ɗaya daga cikin sarakunan Kano mai suna Abdullahi Barja (1438 – 1452), ya yaƙi masarautar Dutse a zamanin Sarki Tuwai Mai Asarki Babba (1421 – 1463), wanda bayan ya yi galaba ya auri yar sakin na Dutse da kuma ‘yar Galadiman Dutse (Northern Nigerian Publishers, 1979; Sanusi, 2009).

Tun daga ƙarni na goma sha uku zuwa yau (2016), wannan masarauta ta Dutse tana da shugabanni guda 47, 28 kafin jihadi, 19 kuma bayan jihadin shehu
Usman Dan Fodiyo. Sai dai cewa wasu daga cikin waɗannan shugabanni ba saraku ba ne, a’a, a lokutan da Dutse ta riƙa zama a ƙarƙashin Kano a matsayin garin hakimi, sabohaka wasunsu hakimai ne kenan, wasu kuma sarakuna.

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