Thales na Miletus
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Thales na THAY / / THAY - leez ; Greek   ;  ) masanin falsafa ne na tsohon garin Girka kafin Socratic dan Miletus a Ionia, yankin ƙaramar Asiya.

Thales na ɗaya daga cikin Sages Bakwai, waɗanda suka kafa tsohuwar Girka. An yaba masa kamar haka " ka san kanka " da aka rubuta a Wajen Bautai na Apollo a Delphi . Mutane da yawa suna ɗaukarsa a matsayin masanin falsafa na farko a al'adar Girkanci, ya rabu da amfani da tatsuniyoyi wajen bayyana duniya, yayi amfani da falsafar halitta. Don haka ana ba da labarinsa a matsayin farkon wanda ya tsunduma cikin ilimin lissafi, kimiyya, da zurfafa tunani .

Masana falsafa na farko sun bi shi wajen bayanin halittau bisa ga kasancewar wani abu na na musamman guda ɗaya . Thales ya yi tunanin cewa wannan abu ɗaya shine ruwa. Thales yayi tunanin cewa Duniya tana shawagi ne a bisa ruwa.

A cikin ilimin lissafi, Thales shine sunan lissafi na Thales theorem, kuma ana iya sanin ka'idar intercept da Thales theorem. An ce Thales ya lissafta tsayin dala da nisan jiragen ruwa daga bakin teku. A kimiyya, Thales wani masanin ilimin falaki ne wanda aka ambato cewa yayi ikirarin yanayi da kuma kusufin rana. An kuma yaba masa da gano matsayin ƙungiyar taurarin Ursa Major da kuma lokutan solstices da equinoxes . Thales kuma injiniya ne; ana jinjina masa da karkata kogin Halys.

Rayuwa 
Muhimmin tushen da ya shafi cikakkun bayanai na rayuwar Thales da aikinsa shine masanin ilmin lissafi Diogenes Laërtius, a cikin karni na uku AD aikinsa Rayuwa da Ra'ayoyin Fitattun Falsafa.  Duk da yake shi ne abin da muke da shi, Diogenes ya rubuta wasu ƙarni takwas bayan mutuwar Thales kuma majiyoyinsa sau da yawa suna ɗauke da "bayanan da ba su da tabbaci ko ma ƙirƙira."   An san cewa Thales ya fito ne daga Miletus, wani birnin kasuanci da ke bakin kogin Maeander .

Ba a san ainihin shekarun da Thales yayi rayuwar ba, amma an kwatanta su ta hanyar wasu 'yan bayanai da aka ambata a cikin majiyoyin. A cewar masanin tarihi Herodotus, a rubuce a karni na 5 BC, Thales ya annabta kusufin rana a 585 BC.  Idan aka ɗauka cewa acme mutum ya faru yana ɗan shekara 40, tarihin Apollodorus na Athens, wanda aka rubuta a ƙarni na 2 BC, don haka ya sanya haihuwar Thales a shekara ta 625 BC.

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