Kanjamau
Kwayoyin cutar sida (da Turanci HIV, da Faransanci VIH) wacce take nufin cuta mai karya garkuwar jiki kuma ana kiranta da suna Kanjamau ko Sida a hausance. Kanjamau ciwo ne wanda ake samunta ta sanadiyar mutuwar kwayoyin da ke garkuwar da jikin mutum daga cututtuka. Bin kamuwa da cutar na farko mutum ba zai iya gano alamomin ba, amma zai iya mura na dan lokaci.

Cutar kuma zata iya daukar lokaci mai tsawo ba tare da nuna wata alama ba. Da cutar ta cigaba da kafuwa, tana shafar kwayoyin da ke garkuwa da cututtuka a jikin mutum, sai hadarin kamuwa da wasu kananan cututtuka kamar su tibi, da cututtukan daji wadanda ke da wuyan shafar masu kwayoyin garkuwa da cututtuka masu aiki a jikinsu. Wadannan dadaddun alamomi su ake ce da su kanjamau (AIDS). A wannan lokaci yawanci na kai ga ramewa.

Kwayoyin cutar sida na yaduwa ta wadannan hanyoyin; jimaí maras tsaro, da ba da jini mali dauke da cutar, yin amfani da allura wanda ke dauke  da cutar da kuma daga mama zuwa jariri yayin da tana da juna biyu ko ta haihuwa ko ta nono (shayarwa). Ruwan jiki kamar su miyau da hawaye ba a samun wannan cutar HIV ta wurinsu ba. Hanyoyin rigakafi sun hada da: jimaí mai tsaro, shirya musayar alura, la da masu dauke da cutar da kuma kaciyar maza. Ana iya magance ciwo daga yara ta hanyar ba su magani mai karfafa kwayoyin garkuwar jiki daga cututtuka tare da   uwayensu. Cutar ba ta da magani ko rigakafi, amma akwai magani mai karfafa kwayoyin garkuwar jiki daga cututtuka wanda ke taimaka wajen rage karfin ciwon a jiki, kuma yana kusan warkar da ciwon. Bincike ya nuna mutum zai yi rayuwa na shekaru goma sha daya (11), sai ya mutu idan ba a yi jiyyarsa ba.

A shekara ta 2015, kusan mutum miliyan 36.7 an same su da wannan kwayoyin cutar sida wanda ya kai mutuwar mutum miliyan 1.1. yawancin masu dauke da cutar yan saharancin Afrika ne. Tsakanin ganowarta a shekara ta 2014, kanjamau ta kashe mutum miliyan 39 a duniya duka bisa ga jimilla. Kwayoyin cutar sida da kanjamau muguwar ciwo ne wanda bazuwarta kamar ruwan dare gama gari ne yanzu. An fara samun kwayoyin cutar sida a yammancin tsakar Afrika a karshen karni na sha tara zuwa ashirin, cibiyoyin kula da hana cututtuka (CDC) na Tarayyar Amurka ne sun fara gano ciwon kanjamau a shekarar 1981 da kuma hanyoyin kamuwa da cutar a farkon shekaru da aka gano cutar.
Kwayoyin cutar sida da kanjamau ta yi matukar shafar alúmma a matsayin ciwo da kuma samun dalilin nuna wariya ga masu dauke da wannan kwayar cutan. Wannan ciwon ya matukar shafe tattalin arziki. Akwai rashin fahimta da dama game da kwayoyin cutar sida da kanjamau, kamar na cewa ana iya kamuwa da ciwon ko ba a jimaí ba. Ciwon ya zama abin jayayya hade da addini tare da darikar Katolika na raáyin rashin goyon baya amfani da roba wajen jimaí don tsaro ba. Wannan ya jawo hankalin kungiyar magani na duniya da siyasa da kuma gudumawar kudi masu yawa tun da aka gano cutar a shekara ta 1980.

Hanyoyin daake kamuwa da cutar Kanjamau

1.Saduwa tsakanin namiji da mace 

2.Saduwa tsakanin namiji da namiji

3.Karin jini

4.Uwa na iya gugama yaro ta hanyar haihuwa

Manazarta

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