Masarautar Dagbon
TKingdom of Dagbon

Masarautar Dagbon na ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin masarautun gargajiya kuma mafi tsari a Ghana wanda al'ummar Dagomba (Dagbamba) suka kafa ta a karni na 11. A lokacin hawansa, ya ƙunshi, a wurare daban-daban, yankunan Arewa, Upper Yamma, Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewa maso Gabas na Ghana a yau.  Tun lokacin da Ghana ta samu 'yancin kai a shekarar 1957, Masarautar kamar dai yadda dukkan masarautu da jahohin kabilun Ghana suka ɗauki nauyin al'ada.

Tarihin Baka na Masarautar sun nuna cewa wani jarumi mai suna Tohazie (a shekara ta 1250) ya kafa ta, wanda ya isa arewacin Ghana a ƙarni na 11 tare da sojojinsa a bisa dawakai daga gabashin tafkin Chadi, suka tsaya a Zamfara, a yau. Arewacin Najeriya, da kuma a cikin daular Mali, kafin su zauna a arewacin Ghana. Waɗannan tarihin sun ba da labarin cuɗanya da yawa da maƙwabta a cikin wannan farkon lokacin har zuwa farkon karni na 18, lokacin da wani sanannen sarki Naa Luro ya ƙaura babban birnin masarautar zuwa birnin Yendi. A wajajen wannan lokaci ne Musulunci ya zo daular, kuma aka fara zaman lafiya da karuwar kasuwanci da masarautun makwabta.

A cikin shekarar 1888, Masarautar Dagbon ta rabu tsakanin daulolin Jamus da Burtaniya, kuma a cikin shekarar 1899 wannan rarrabuwar ta zama yanki na Jamus Togoland da Gold Coast. Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, Gabashin Dagbon ya zama wani yanki na Biritaniya Togo. Gold Coast ta sami 'yancin kai a shekarar 1957 a matsayin Ghana. Sakamakon tsangwama na mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya da na Jamus, wata masarauta ce da aka yi wa fashi da yawa daga kayan tarihi masu kima da yawa, kyakkyawar hanyar rayuwa da kuma mulkin da aka raba, wanda rauninsa ba zai warke sarai ba har zuwa shekaru goma na biyu na karni na 21.

Masarautar Dagbon tun a cikin shekarun 1920 tana da alaƙa da rikice-rikice da rikice-rikice da yawa musamman daga tsoma bakin daular Biritaniya da Jamus a kan gadon Dagbon. Abubuwa da dama sun faru, ciki har da a shekarar 2002 lokacin da wasu mutane da ba a san ko su waye ba suka kashe Sarkin Dagbon Yakubu Andani II, na gidan sarautar Andani.  Tun daga watan Janairu 2014, wani mai mulki (wanda aka shigar a cikin shekarar 2006) ya yi aiki a matsayin mai mulkin masarautar har sai an zaɓi sabon shugaba.  A yau, kotun sarkin Dagbon ta ci gaba da zama a birnin Yendi. Masarautar ta kasu kashi-kashi cikin sarakunan yanki, wanda aka karkasa daga yanki zuwa sarakunan kauye. The monarch of Dagbon is known as the Ya Naa (also spelled Ya Na, Ya-Na, Yaa Naa Yaan Naa).

A ranar 18 ga watan  Janairu, 2019, wasu sarakunan jihar Dagbon suka zabi sabon Yaa Naa, Abubakari Mahama [Naa Gariba II] a Yendi. Hakan ya biyo bayan wani shiri na zaman lafiya da kwamitin manyan sarakunan kasar, wanda Asantehene Otumfuo Osei Tutu II ya jagoranta. An haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, 2019 a Yendi.  Ƙarshen cece-kuce ya sa aka sake yin bikin Damba bayan hutun shekaru 17. An yi bikin ne a watan Nuwamba 2019.

Tarihi 
Mulkin Farko na Dagbon, daga tsakiyar karni na 15 ya fara zuwa ƙarshen karni na 17, tarihi ya san shi kusan ta hanyar al'adar baka, musamman waƙar ganga. Masarautar ta biyu, wadda ta kasance daga shekara ta 1700 zuwa 1900, an fi saninta da ita, domin baya ga wakar ganga, akwai wasu hanyoyin samun bayanai, wasu daga cikinsu ba su da wani abin da ya faru a Dagbon da kanta. 

A cikin shekarar 1896, Jamusawa karkashin jagorancin Valentin von Massow, Hans Gruner da Gaston Thierry sun yi arangama da Dagomba a yakin Adibo, sun lalata Yendi tare da kawar da kayayyaki masu daraja. Wannan kisan kiyashi ne, yayin da sojojin Dagomba mai mutum 7,000 da ba su da kayan aiki kawai suka ruga da bakuna da kibansu a kan sojojin Jamus na mutum 100 masu makamai.  A cikin shekarar 1899 Birtaniya da Jamus sun raba Dagbon tsakanin Jamus Togoland da Gold Coast.

Manazarta 

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