Indiyawan Ghana
Indiyawan Ghana (Akan: Nkɔmbɔtwetwe India Gaana; Telugu: ఘానా భారతీయులు) 'yan Ghana ne 'yan asalin Indiya ko kuma na asali. Yawancin Indiyawan Ghana zuriyarsu ne daga waɗanda suka yi hijira daga Indiya bayan rabuwar Indiya a shekarar 1947.

Rarrabawa 
Yawancin Indiyawan Ghana suna zaune a manyan birane da garuruwa a kudu maso tsakiya, kudu maso gabas, kudu maso yamma, ko kudancin Ghana. Garuruwan bakin teku irin su Accra, Cape Coast, Sekondi-Takoradi, da Tema suma suna da al'ummar Indiyawan Ghana. Gabaɗaya galibin ƙasar Ghana a kudancin Kumasi na da kaso mai tsoka na Indiyawan Ghana, yayin da kudu ta tsakiya da kuma kudancin Ghana ke da yawan Indiyawan Ghana. Baya ga Accra da Kumasi, yankunan bakin teku da Kudancin Ghana, akwai al'ummomin Indiyawan Ghana a Koforidua da Sunyani.

Tarihi

Asali 
Al’ummar Indo-Aryan da Sindhi, wadanda su ne Indiyawan farko da suka isa Ghana, sun fara zuwa ne a matsayin ‘yan kasuwa da masu shaguna, kuma a hankali, a shekarun 1950 zuwa 1960, wasu ‘yan sana’o’i ne na masana’antu kamar su tufafi, robobi, masaku. magungunan kashe kwari, na'urorin lantarki, masana'antar harhada magunguna, kayan gani da sauransu. Wasu Indiyawan da suka zauna a Ghana tsawon rayuwarsu sun sami takardar zama dan kasar Ghana. Wasu iyalai yanzu suna cikin ƙarni na huɗu a Ghana. Indiyawan Ghana sun kasance suna da mafi girma fiye da matsakaicin kudin shiga fiye da sauran jama'a.

Kamar yadda bayanai suka nuna, ɗan Indiya na farko (Sindhworki), Bhai Boolchand, ya sauka a gabar tekun 'Gold Coast' a shekara ta 1890. Kusan shekaru ashirin bayan haka, a shekara ta 1919, 'yan'uwa biyu ne suka kafa kamfanin Sindhi na farko, wato Tarachand Jasoomal Daswani da Metharam Jasoomal Daswani. Sun bude wani shago a kasuwa a birnin Cape Coast (wanda shine babban birni a lokacin) a shekara ta 1919, a ƙarƙashin sunan Metharam Jassomal Brothers. Kasuwancin su ya bunkasa kuma an bude rassa a Accra da Kumasi.

Bayan 'yan shekaru, 'yan'uwan biyu suka rabu kuma Bhai Metharam Jasoomal ya ci gaba da kasuwancinsa a karkashin 'Metharam Brothers', Bhai Tarachand Jasoomal ya gudanar da kasuwancinsa da sunan 'Bombay Bazaar'. Waɗannan su ne kamfanoni biyu na Indiya na farko da aka kafa a Ghana sai kuma ‘Gold Coast’. A cikin 1920s, an kafa wasu kamfanoni biyu na Indiya a ƙarƙashin sunan Lilaram Thanwardas da Mahtani Brothers, kuma wannan yanayin ya ci gaba a cikin 1930s da 1940s tare da haihuwar wasu kamfanoni na Indiya da yawa, wato T. Chandirams, Punjabi Brothers, Wassiamal Brothers, Hariram. Brothers, K. Chellaram & Sons, G. Motiram, D. P. Motwani, G. Dayaram, V. Lokumal, Glamour da dai sauransu. Ba da daɗewa ba, waɗannan kamfanoni suna kawo sababbin ma'aikata 'yan kasashen waje, wasu ma'aikata sun bar ma'aikatan su, kuma suka shiga da kansu. kuma kamfanoni da yawa sun buɗe.

Bayan 1947, 'Gold Coast' ya ja hankalin wasu kamfanoni na Indiya, kuma manyan mutane kamar Chanrai, Bhojsons, K. A. J. Chotirmal, Dalamals, A. D. Gulab ya bude rassa a Ghana. Samar da aikin yi ga 'yan Ghana da wadannan kamfanoni da suka kafa ya kuma taimaka wajen rage wahalhalun rashin aikin yi a kasar. Wannan yana nuna cikakken matakin sadaukarwar Indiya a cikin ajandar ci gaban Ghana. Indiyawa ba wai kawai suna saka hannun jari a sassan masana'antu da kasuwanci na Ghana ba, har ma a fannin hada-hadar kudi. Bankin Baroda, daya daga cikin manya kuma mafi shaharar bankuna a Indiya kwanan nan ya kafa reshe a Ghana kuma zai fadada ayyukansa a wasu sassan kasar.

Yawancin Indiyawan da suka isa Ghana a shekarar 1947 kuma ba da dadewa ba sun sami takardar zama dan kasar Ghana, wanda ake ba su ba tare da nuna bambanci ba. Mu'amalar zamantakewa tsakanin Indiyawan Ghana da sauran 'yan Ghana ya yadu sosai. Akwai haɗin gwiwa a tsakanin su a cikin harkokin kasuwanci da ma auratayya masu gauraya. 'Yan Ghana suna halartar ayyukan zamantakewa da al'adun Indiya kyauta. Al'ummar Indiyawan Ghana suna ba da gudummawa lokaci-lokaci don dalilai daban-daban masu dacewa. Jama'ar Ghana sun yaba da rawar da Indiyawan Ghana ke takawa wajen ci gaban Ghana gaba daya, da kuma al'adunsu da fahimtarsu ga wasu.

Al'adu 
Indiyawan Ghana suna da ƙwazo. A Accra, sun kafa wata ƙungiya ta Indiya da cibiyar zamantakewar Indiya, dukansu suna aiki daga harabar wani haikalin Indiya wanda al'ummar Indiyawan Ghana suka gina a Accra. Ana gudanar da shirye-shirye daban-daban na zamantakewa da al'adu a wurin, da kuma bukukuwa na tunawa da muhimman ranaku na addini. Kowace Alhamis da Lahadi, Indiyawan Ghana suna taruwa don Kirtans da poojas. Haikalin kuma yana karɓar cibiyar Yoga da Radhasoami (Beas) satsangs.

Al'ummar Indiya sun taka rawa kuma suna ci gaba da taka rawa a fagage da dama. Ƙungiyar Indiya tana da wakilci a kan hukumomin gwamnati da yawa, cibiyoyi, da ƙungiyoyin agaji a Ghana. Indiyawa da yawa sun yi rayuwa sama da shekaru 50 a Ghana - mafi tsufa mazauna sun kasance a Ghana tun 1939 - kuma suna ganin Ghana a matsayin gidansu na farko.

Ilimi 
Indiyawan Ghana suna da kididdigar ilimi sosai. Iyalan Indiyawan Ghana masu arziki suna tura 'ya'yansu zuwa Makarantar Kasa da Kasa ta Ghana, yayin da wasu suka fi son makarantu marasa tsada. Wasu Indiyawan Ghana ma kan tura ‘ya’yansu zuwa Indiya ko wata kasa domin neman ilimi.

A halin yanzu akwai Makarantun Indiya guda ɗaya a Ghana - Makarantar Jama'a ta Delhi (DPS) a Tema a cikin shekara ta 2010 ta ba da sanarwar zamani mai inganci da koyo da ke neman ƙware, ta hanyar ba da cikakkiyar ilimi, zamani da cikakken ilimi tun daga aji Nursery ta hanyar fasahar zamani na zamani koyarwa. DPS Tema na neman biyan bukatun yaran Ghana. DPS Tema, Ghana yana da alaƙa da Babban Hukumar Sakandare ta Tsakiya (CBSE) da Babban Shafi na Sakandare na Duniya (IGCSE) kuma ƙungiyar Makarantun Jama'a ta Delhi, New Delhi ta yi rajista a ƙarƙashin dokar Society ɗin da ke da fitattun masana ilimi, malaman fikihu da kuma fitattun masanan Indiya a matsayin membobinta.

Ilimin tattalin arziki 
Yawancin Indiyawan Ghana mutane ne masu arziki kuma masu wadata. Ko dai ’yan kasuwa ne masu zaman kansu da ke da rassan kasuwanci a duk faɗin Ghana, ko kuma ma’aikatan kamfanonin gida daban-daban, kamar ayyukan tattalin arziki da kamfanonin mai. Wasu kuma sun mallaki sarkokin otal na Ghana, sadarwa da kamfanonin lantarki da dai sauransu. Manyan kamfanonin Indiya da kamfanoni da yawa a Ghana sun hada da Tata Group, Bharti Airtel, Tech Mahindra da Bank of Baroda. Wasu kuma suna aiki a matsayin likitoci, masana fasahar likitanci, da ma'aikatan jinya a asibitoci a Ghana.

Manazarta