Shuwaka
Shuwaka da Turanci kuma Bitter leaf yarbawa suna kiran ta da Ewúro sai kuma Igbo onugbu Ityuna da yaren Tiv, oriwo Edo, Awɔnwono (Akan), harwa yau Hausawa suna kiran Shuwaka da   'chusar-doki: , mululuza da yaren Luganda, labwori da yaren Acholi, olusia da yaren Luo, ndoleh da yaren Cameroon da kuma Olubirizi da yaren Lusoga. ita shuwaka wata nau'in bishiya ce ko kuma wata itaciya ce wadda take da ganye kore wanda akanyi miya da ganyen ta ɗin musamman miyan tuwo, shuwaka tana ɗan yin girma daidai gwargwado don tsayin ta yana kaiwa mita 1,200 (3,900ft) zuwa mita 2,000 (6,900ft) kenan sai kuma ganyenta yana kai tsayin mita 6-8 ganyen ta ko sabo ko tsoho duka sunada tsami/bauri, a lokacin da mutum yake cin ganyen ta zai dinga jin wannan tsami/ɗaci amma bayan ya gama zuwa wani lokaci sai ya fara jin zaƙi a cikin bakin shi da maƙogwaro ko kuma bayan ansha miyarta.

Wajen da shuwaka tafi fitowa
Masana da masu Bincike sun tabbatar cewa shuwaka tafi fitowa a gefen rafi da cikin kurmi da kuma gefen hanya wato dai tafi son wajen da yake da damshi-damshi wajen da ba foƙo ba. Mutane da dama Basu san alfanun shuwaka ba sai dai masana sun bayyana wasu daga cikin amfanin da take da shi ga ɗan Adam

Amfanin bishiyar shuwaka
Amfanin shuwaka sunada yawa amma dai ga wasu kaɗan daga cikinsu:
Ana tafasa shuwaka da ruwa a sha yana maganin ciyyon sigar jini (blood sugar)
Tana maganin ciyyon hawan jini (blood pressure)
Ana cin sabon ganyenta don magance ciyyon gaɓɓai da ciyyon sigar (diabetes)
Haka tana maganin cutar ƙiba 
Cin gayen shuwaka sau uku a rana yana maganin kansa (Cancer) safe, rana da yamma zai ci ganye daga 5-7 a wuni
Tana daidai ta jiki
Tana ƙara kuzari yayin mu'amalar aure
Tana maganin ciyyon zuciya
Shuwaka tana maganin amai da gudawa
Shuwaka tana maganin tsutsar ciki
Shuwaka tana maganin ciyyon ƙoda 
Shuwaka na wanke dattin ciki
Shuwaka tana maganin zafin ciki
Shuwaka tana maganin basir mai sanya kumburin dubura.

Yadda take taɓa masu ƙoda
Marasa lafiya musamman Musa fama da ciwon ƙoda ko hanta (kidney disease) an hana su cin shuwaka in kuma zasu ci to kada su yawaita, kamar yadda wani mai bincike ya nuna idan mai ciyyon ƙoda yayi amfani da shuwaka na tsawon sati biyu to ƙafan sa da hannayen sa zasu fara kumburi. A takaice dai idan mai fama da ciwon ƙoda zaici shuwaka to lallai ya nema shawara likitan shi. Duk da cewa koma menene idan aka yawaita shi zai iya cutarwa.

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