James Ferrell
James Ellsworth Ferrell (an haife shi Nuwamba 3, 1955) masanin ilimin halittu ne na  kasar Amurka. Shi Farfesa ne na sanin sinadarai da kuma ilimin sanin halittu a Makarantar Magunguna ta Jami'ar Stanford . Ya kasance Shugaban Sashen Kimiyya da Tsarin Halittu tun farkonsa a 2006 har  ya zuwazuwa 2011.

Ilimi 
Ferrell ya kasance dalibi na farko a Kwalejin Williams, wanda ya fi girma a Physics, Chemistry, da Lissafi, kuma ya kammala karatunsa a 1976. Ya samu Ph.D. digiri a Chemistry daga Jami'ar Stanford a 1984 don aiki a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Wray H. Huestis kan kula da siffar jan cell, kuma ya sami digiri na MD daga Stanford a 1986. Ya gudanar da aikin postdoctoral akan watsa siginar a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na G. Steven Martin a UC Berkeley

Bincike 
Ta hanyar nazarin Xenopus laevis oocyte maturation, Ferrell ya nuna yadda sauye-sauyen sauye-sauye a cikin progesterone mai haɓakawa ya canza zuwa wanda ba zai iya canzawa ba, duk-ko-babu canje-canje a cikin ayyukan MAP kinase, aikin kinase na dogara cyclin, da kuma rabo na cell.      Waɗannan karatun sun taimaka nuna yadda rashin jin daɗi, kyakkyawar amsawa, da bistability na iya ba da damar sel su canza tsakanin jihohi masu hankali. 

Aiki na gaba daga dakin gwaje-gwaje na Ferrell  da sauransu  sun nuna cewa canjin tantanin halitta tsakanin interphase da mitosis ana daidaita shi ta hanyar sauya bistable, kuma cewa zagayowar tantanin halitta na Xenopus na farko yana aiki kamar oscillator na shakatawa.    Waɗannan binciken sun taimaka tabbatar da tsinkayar ka'idar tun farko da nazarin ƙirar ƙira.  

Kwanan nan dakin binciken Ferrell ya nuna cewa yanayin mitotic na iya yaduwa ta hanyar Xenopus cytoplasm ta hanyar raƙuman ruwa, raƙuman ruwa na ayyukan Cdk1 waɗanda ke yaduwa da sauri fiye da ƙwayoyin furotin na Cdk1 na iya yaduwa.    Sun kuma nuna cewa apoptosis yana yaduwa ta hanyar cytoplasm ta hanyar raƙuman ruwa; "gudun mutuwa" yana kusan 2 mm a kowace awa.

Manazarta 
Rayayyun mutane
Haifaffun 1955