Bouzid Boushaki
Bouzid Boushaki (  Bouzid ibn Mahamed al-Boushaki) (1935 CE - 2023 CE) wani sojan Aljeriya ne kuma dan siyasa wanda ya halarci yakin neman 'yancin kai na Aljeriya, sannan kuma ya kasance shugaban kungiyar gamayyar kungiyar ma'aikata ta Aljeriya kuma babban manajan kamfanonin jama'a na kasar Aljeriya.

Iyali 

An haifi Bouzid Boushaki a shekara ta 1935 a garin Ménerville (yanzu Thenia) da Faransa ta yi wa mulkin mallaka, kudu maso gabashin garin Boumerdès na Kabylia na yanzu, kimanin kilomita 50 gabas da babban birnin Algiers da kuma iyakar gabashin filin Mitidja. , da danginsa masu daraja na cikin rukunin zamantakewa na Chorfas Morabitone, wanda ya fito daga malamin tauhidin musulmi na Malikite Sidi Boushaki (1394-1453), wanda ya kafa Zawiya na Sidi Boushaki a 1442 a cikin karni na 15.

Mahaifinsa, Mahamed Boushaki (1907-1995), an haife shi a ƙauyen kakanni na Soumâa, kudu da Ménerville, kuma ya zama ɗan kasuwa mai arziƙi a sashin Algiers, mahaifiyarsa Fatma Stambouli (1912-1938), asalinta daga kauyen Talilt (Aïth Si Ali) a cikin gundumar Beni Amrane na yanzu, kudu da lardin Boumerdès, kuma Mahamed ya zauna tare da mahaifinsa, dan siyasa Mohamed Seghir Boushaki (1869-1959), a tsakiyar birnin Ménerville. , Inda ya gudanar tare da 'yan uwansa biyu Ali da Mohamed a Moorish cafe (wanda aka sani da Café Bouzid) kusa da kantin sayar da magunguna na Jérôme Zévaco, wanda aka dade ana zaba ko nada magajin garin Ménerville.

Bouzid shi ne ɗa na biyu a cikin iyali bayan babban ɗan'uwansa Boualem Boushaki (1931-2003), kuma dukansu an haife su a cikin gidan iyali, wani babban gidan da ke Rue Verdun (yanzu Rue Hocine Koubi) a cikin Cité Siegwald, kusa da na tashar jirgin kasa ta birnin, daga cikin gidajen Faransa pied-noirs.

A gaskiya ma, kabilar Boushaki Berber ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsayin daka da Faransanci tun ranar 5 ga Yuli, 1830 a lokacin da Faransa ta mamaye Aljeriya da kuma mamaye Kasbah na Algiers, kuma Sheikh Ali Boushaki (1809-1846) ya kasance wani yanki ne na Faransa. Acolyte na Emir Abdelkader da Sheikh Mohamed ben Zamoum a cikin 'yan gwagwarmayar 'yan mulkin mallaka har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1846 a yakin da suke da sojojin mulkin mallaka na sojojin Afirka a yankin Col des Beni Aïcha (Tizi Naïth Aïcha).

Kisan gillar da Faransa ta yi wa mutanen Kabyle da ke kusa da Ménerville, daga balaguron 1837 zuwa tawayen Mokrani a 1871, ya bar abin da ya biyo baya a cikin tunawa da 'yan asalin da suka tsira, kuma Bouzid Boushaki ya zana abin tunawa daga wannan labari na baka wanda ke ba da labarin zuwan mutanen. Faransanci ga kagara da ƙirjin kakanninsa da kisan kakansa Sheikh Ali Boushaki a cikin 1846 a tsakiyar yaƙi, da sake lalata Zauía na Sidi Boushaki da sojojin Faransa suka yi, haka nan a matsayin kwace daruruwan kadada na gonakin noma da rangwame ga manoma a yankin Faransa.

Ilimi 
Bouzid Boushaki ya shiga shekarar farko na karatun firamare a watan Satumba na shekarar 1942 a makarantar maza ta Ménerville tare da wasu 'yan kasar Aljeriya da dama daga cikin yaran Faransa da dama na mazauna birnin neuralgic.

Abokin karatunsa shi ne dan uwan ​​mahaifinsa Rabah Boushaki, dan Ali Boushaki da Fatma Bouchou, da kuma mabiya addinin Musulunci Omar Rahmoune, Chakir Tadjer, Noureddine Mokhtari, Mohamed Bourenane, Ali Bouhaddi, Mohamed Belaïd da Ali Laoufi.

An riga an fayyace hanyar karatunsu, tunda ’yan asalin ƙasar ba sai sun wuce zagayowar firamare ba, kuma an shiryar da su a lokacin gajeriyar karatunsu don rama jahilcinsu kawai a cikin harshen Faransanci, wanda aka yi niyya don shirya su su zama ƙwararrun masu aiki tare da rashin hankali. ayyuka a cikin mulkin mallaka.

Hakika, an kori kanensa Boualem Boushaki daga shekara ta hudu a makarantar firamare a watan Yunin 1942 don samun karamin aiki a cikin birni tare da masu fafutuka, amma mahaifinsa Mahamed Boushaki da sauri ya dora shi kan hanyar zuwa karatun Alkur'ani a cikin Zawía na yankin Alma (a halin yanzu Boudouaou), wanda ake kira Zawía na Sidi Salem.

Tun daga farkon shekara ta 1942, kuma a tsakiyar Operation Torch a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu da ya lalata nahiyar Turai, Boushaki ya fara ficewa a cikin wadannan karatun firamare inda ya fara wata gasa mai tsauri da abokin hamayyarsa na Faransa André Ferrer, duk da cewa ya samu nasara. Gaskiyar cewa Mai zama Alfred-Henri de Sulauze, magajin garin Ménerville a lokacin, ya yi aiki da yawa don ci gaba da samun nasarar ilimi wanda Faransawa kaɗai ke morewa.

Daga nan Bouzid ya dage kan karatunsa na makaranta, kuma dan uwansa Boualem ya bukace shi da kada ya yi watsi da zaouia, kuma a karshen yakin duniya na biyu ya dawo magajin garin Jérôme Zévaco, wanda aka kora daga aikinsa a shekara ta 1939, kuma wannan ya dawo Bayan haka. kisan kiyashin da aka yi a ranar 8 ga watan Mayun 1945, ya kasance tare da manufar natsuwa da natsuwa da ke son samun tausayin 'yan kasar ta hanyar makaranta da aiki.

Duk da nauyi da danniya da tsarin mulkin mallaka na Faransa, daga karshe Boushaki ya ci jarrabawar makarantar firamare ta shekaru shida da cancanta a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 1948, a gaban sauran abokin aikinsa, Yvon Rocamora, da 'yan jarida. Jaridun Aljeriya sun yada wadannan. sakamako a lokuta da yawa, a wannan yanayin jaridun Alger Républicain da L'Écho d'Alger.

Yakin 'Yanci 

Daga ranar 1 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1954 zuwa washegarin bullar juyin juya halin 'yancin kai na Aljeriya a lokacin yana dan shekaru 19 kacal, ya kasance yana da cikakken shiri ta fuskar ilimi da siyasa da kuma ta zahiri wajen hada kai da goyon bayan 'yan tawaye masu kishin kasa na Aljeriya a kan sojojin makiya na mulkin mallaka da nufin yakar sojojin makiya. na kakkabewa da kifar da tsarin mulkin mallaka na Faransa daga kasar Aljeriya.

Amma tare da hauhawa da kuma girma na mummunan matakin yaki da Faransawa masu dauke da makamai da kuma mazaunan pied-noir jim kadan kafin gudanar da taron Soummam a ranar 20 ga Agusta, 1956 da tsarin juyin juya hali na kasar Aljeriya, hare-haren makamai masu linzami da kuma juyin mulki. An damka wa Bouzid Boushaki zagon kasa a garin Ménerville da ke mulkin mallaka don sauke nauyin ramuwar gayya da Faransa ta yi kan yankunan tsaunuka da yankunan karkara. Wannan zagon kasa zai shafi rukunin juyin juya hali da Boushaki ke jagoranta a birnin, wanda ya kunshi 'yan bindiga goma sha biyu. Wadannan 'yan ta'addar za su samu gindin zama na tada kayar baya tare da ci gaba da kai hare-hare ta hanyar kai hari ga muradun Faransawa mazauna wannan birni mai mahimmanci na Ménerville (a halin yanzu Thénia), wanda ke da nisan kilomita 3 a arewacin ƙauyen Boushaki na asali da ake kira Soumâa.

Babban yayansa, Boualem Boushaki, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ma’aikacin jinya a asibitin Ménerville, shi ne ya kula da aikin tare da ba shi bayanan da suka wajaba don shirya yadda aka sanya bam a harabar gidan waya da ke gaban hedkwatar kwamandan birnin da kuma kai dauki. Dole ne a yi waɗannan abubuwan fashewa kafin daren ranar 14 ga Yuli, 1956, daidai da bukukuwan Faransawa masu alaƙa da wannan muhimmin lokaci na shekara-shekara. Fashewar bam din ya yi ta kanun labarai da jaridun Aljeriya da na Paris, musamman daga wannan ofishin P.T.T. An ajiye shi a gaban Brigade na Jandarma na Faransa wanda ya ba da tabbacin tabbatar da zaman lafiya a birnin da kuma wargaza hanyoyin sadarwa na juyin juya hali na Aljeriya don ramawa da kuma tinkarar ayyukan zagon kasa iri-iri da suka shafi kadarorin noma na mulkin mallaka a kusa da wannan babbar hanya ta birnin.

'Yan uwan ​​Bouzid, irin su jagoran juyin juya hali Yahia Boushaki (1935-1960) da kuma mayaƙin gwagwarmaya Mohamed Rahmoune (1940-2022), sun yi ta yawo a cikin matsugunan da ke kewaye da Ménerville suna kai farmaki kan muradun noma da soja na mazauna Faransa, da kuma ra'ayin jama'a. Dole ne birnin ya kasance cikin tashin hankali da tashin hankali, ko da kuwa wadannan ayyuka na juyin juya hali sun kare da mutuwar shahidai (shahid) a fagen girmamawa, kuma haka ne Bouzid Boushaki da kungiyarsa ta zagon kasa da suka yi kwanton bauna a cikin birnin, dole ne su goyi bayan kokarin da sojojin kasar suka yi. Jarumai. na National Liberation Army (ALN) a sashinta na tawaye da ke Ménerville, a tsakiyar gundumar yaki na uku, a yankin farko na 'yancin kai, gabashin wilaya na hudu mai tarihi.

Kurkuku 
An kama Bouzid Boushaki a ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1956 a hannun 'yan sandan Faransa da sojojin Faransa a gidan danginsa da ke garin Ménerville, a Siegwald, kuma an kama Bouzid Boushaki da wuri ne biyo bayan bayanan sirri da ya harzuka ofishin gidan waya. Harin bama-bamai ya karkata kuma ya gaza, don haka kusan dukkanin ’yan tawayen birnin an yi garkuwa da su tare da azabtar da su kafin a kashe su ko a daure su. An yi babban azabtarwa kan Boushaki da abokan aikinsa a sansanin azabtarwa da cin zarafi na Ferme Gauthier da ke arewacin birnin Souk El Had.

Daga nan sai Bouzid ya sha azaba mai tsanani da girgizar wutar lantarki daga Gégène kuma ya fuskanci mummunan rauni yayin da kuma aka binne shi tare da dan uwansa Mohamed Rahmoune a cikin ramukan ruwan inabi na wannan gidan inabin da aka canza, a tsakanin sauran wuraren noma, da masu aiwatar da hukuncin kisa Scarfo da Mathieu suka yi a sansanonin taro. da kuma kawar da jiki ba bisa ka'ida ba.

Yawancin fursunonin da ake tsare da su a cikin wannan muguwar wuri mai banƙyama na azabtarwa da lalata da ƙazanta sun shiga cikin kunci, firgita, zafi da musgunawa da suka sha. Don haka, an boye gawarwakinsu da gawarwakinsu a cikin rijiyoyi ko kuma a jefa su cikin ruwan kogin Isser, kuma shugabannin 'yan tawayen biyu, Bouzid Boushaki da Mohamed Rahmoune, sun yi sa'a ta hanyar mu'ujiza, bayan wasu 'yan makonni na azabtarwa, zuwa gidan yarin Serkadji a kasar. da Kasbah na Algiers tare da shugabannin gida na juyin juya halin da za a yi hukunci.

Mutuwa 
Bouzid Boushaki ya mutu a shekarar 2023 a gidansa da ke kan titin Ali Anou, kusa da kauyukan Soumâa, Gueddara da Meraldene.
Daga nan aka binne shi kusa da mahaifinsa, Si Mahamed Boushaki (1907-1995), da kuma kusa da kakansa Mohamed Seghir Boushaki (1869-1959), da ɗan'uwansa Boualem Boushaki (1931-2003), a makabartar musulmi ta Thénia da ake kira Djebbana Ghorba.

Littafi Mai Tsarki

Duba kuma 
 Malikiyya
 Sufiyya
 Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki
 Zawiyet Sidi  Boumerdassi
 Zawiyet Sidi  Amar Cherif

Hanyoyin haɗin waje 
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 Shafin Bouzid Boushaki na Rodovid
 Shafin Bouzid Boushaki na Werelate
 Shafin Bouzid Boushaki na Wikitree

Manazarta 

Haihuwan 1935
Mutuwan 2023
Iyalin Boushaki
Musulunci
Musulmai
Rahmaniyya
Sufiyya
'Yan siyasa
Pages with unreviewed translations