Leydy Pech
Leydy Araceli Pech Marín, wadda aka san ta da Leydy Pech, (1965-). ma'aikaciyar ƙudan zuma ce yar ƙasar Mexico kuma mai fafutukar kare muhalli na asalin Mayan. An ba ta lambar yabo ta muhalli ta Goldman a cikin shekarar 2020 saboda aikinta game da dasa shukar waken soya a cikin Yucatán Peninsula.[1][2]

Tarihin rayuwa

Aikin zuma 

Leydy Pech da farko ta tsunduma cikin kiwon zuma. Tana rike da kudan zuma mara daɗi da ake kira Melipona beecheii, wanda aka ɗaga shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'adun Mayan na gargajiya a cikin al'ummomi da yawa tsawon ƙarni. Melipona beecheii ya kirkiro amyarsa a cikin ɓoyayyun katako. Duk da yake mafi yawan masu kiwon zuma sun fi son amfani da nau'in Apis mellifera, Pech da jama'arta suna amfani da M. beecheii a kokarin kiyaye al'adar amfani da nau'ikan melipona na yankin, wanda aka fi sani da Xunaan Kab (Uwargidan Zuma).

Pech ta mallaki kadada biyu wanda take noma zuma a kanta ta wannan hanyar ta gargajiya. Kungiyar Pech na neman bunkasa tunanin al'umma ta hanyar hada karfi da karfe na hada kudan zuma da tara zumar su. Tana neman yin koyi da jama'ar Ich Eq na kusa, inda iyalai suke aiki tare da tallafawa juna don rayuwa.

Gwagwarmayar kare muhalli 
Pech ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar kare muhalli a cikin 2000, a daidai lokacin da Monsanto ta fara noman waken soya a cikin Campeche. Matsayin namo ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, kuma zuwa shekarar 2012 aikin gona yana faruwa a kan sikelin da ya fi girma. Wannan karuwar noman waken na waken-suya na tasiri ga samar da zuma a cikin jihar, rage amfanin gona da gurbata girbin zuma. Wannan raguwar yawan kudan zuma kai tsaye ya jefa al'ummomin yankin Mayan cikin hadari, saboda kiwon zuma ita ce hanyar farko ta sanya abinci a kan tebur.

A saboda wannan dalili, Pech ta kafa ƙungiyar Muuch Kambal da Colectivo Apícola de los Chenes, ƙungiyoyi biyu da suka kai ƙarar gwamnati don dakatar da noman wannan nau'in na amfanin gona. A cikin 2015, Kotun Koli ta Meziko ta yanke hukuncin cewa dole ne a tuntubi al'ummomin asali kafin noman duk wani amfanin gona mai cutarwa. A cikin shekarar 2017, an soke izinin Monsanto na shuka irin da aka canza a dabi'unsu a Campeche, Yucatán, da wasu jihohi biyar a Mexico.

Saboda gwagwarmayar ta da kuma nasarar da al'umar ta suka samu, Pech ya sami kyautar Kyautar Muhalli ta Goldman a shekarar 2020, kyautar da ake kallo a matsayin Nobel ta muhalli. Kungiyar da ta gabatar da kyautar ta lura cewa Monsanto da lauyoyinta sun nuna wariyar Pech, wadanda suka yi ishara da rashin yardarsu cewa mace ta kayar da su. A cewar Pech, kyautar "tana wakiltar amincewa da ayyukan al'ummomin Mayan na Chenes (wani yanki na Campeche) da kuma haɗin kan yankin Mayan. "A lokacin bikin, wanda aka gudanar kusan, ta ce:"

Manazarta