Indiya
Indiya (kokuma India) tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da ke kudancin yankin nahiyar Asiya.

Indiya tana da girma sosai, tana kama da gara, kuma tana da sahel. Faɗin ƙasan  zai kai kimanin 700 mita sukwaya, Indiya tana da iyaka da ƙasashe biyar, daga arewa maso yammaci akwai Pakistan, daga arewaci akwai Nepal da Bhutan, daga arewa maso gabas akwai Bangladesh da Myanmar, daga kudu maso yammaci 'yan ƙasashe a tsakiyar ruwa, daga kudu maso gabas akwai kasar Sri Lanka, da Indonesiya.

Indiya ita ce kasa ta biyu mai mafi yawan mutane a duniya, Mutanen ta sun kai adadin kusan 1,147,995,900 kuma  ita ce ta bakwai a gircewaman ƙasa  cikin duniya, kuma ita ce cibiyar  kasuwanci a tarihince tana da addinai da yawa kamar su (Hindu, Budha, buza, shitano, sikhiya da Musulunci), ta kuma samu 'yancinta ne daga Birtaniya a shekara ta 1947.

Tarihi 

Masanin falsafa dan kasar Indiya Gautama Buddha ya kafa addinin Buddah a Indiya.

Tarihi ya nuna indiya tana da wasu kayayyaki tun na da can, daɗin daɗewa ya kara da nuna cewa an samo alamun mutunen farko a Indiya tun a bayan shekara ta 9,000. tun daga karni na biyar kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah sun yi masarautu da yawa kamar masarautar hawariya a arewacin ƙasar ita ce mafi muhimmanci sarakunanta na farko shi ne Ashoka yana bin addinin bosa a farkon shekara ta 180 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah ikrikawa da bartiyawa suka mamaye Indiya a ƙarni na goma sha uku sai masarautar kwace mulkin.
Daga kudanci ma masarautu da yawa suna da rikici , masarautar tashiras tafi karfi kuma a zamaninsu ne ƙasar Indiya ta samu ingancin Ilimin zane-zane da sauransu.

A zamanin mafiya yawa Musulmai ne suka fara tunani a kan Indiya, a wannan lokaci suka masu daula a gefen kogin sinda suka ajiye dakarun su a Afghanistan sannan suka faɗa Delhi suka masu masarauta a can ita ce masarautar Musulunci ta farko a indiya, a shekara ta 1350 masarautar taglag ta mamaye rabin ƙasar, dake kudanci a ƙarni na goma sha shida sarkin masarautar taglag ya haɗa al'adun addinin hindu da addinin Musulunci da haka ya iya ya hukunta kasar ta indiya.

Tun da turawa suka gane hanyar ruwa ta zuwa Indiya sukai ta shigowa musamman ma mutanen Faransa da na Portugal da na Birtaniya sun sha kama karfe da karfi kuwa yana son ya mamaye wannan ƙasa, wanda keda yawan arziki sun tason mamaye indiya dan saboda yawan yaki a junan su, amma turawa sun haɗa kawunan su don su sace arzikin ƙasar a shekara ta1857 'yan indiya suka yiwa turawa tawaye duk da haka turawa sun samu nasara a kan 'yan tawaye manguliya tun daga wannan lokaci Indiya tazama a hannun turawa musamman ma tajmahal, duk dahaka Mahatma Gandhi ya yi kungiya tana neman yancin kasa dahaka turawa suka yi alkawarin zasu basu 'yanci a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta 1949 kuma a ranar 26 January 1950 Indiya tazama Jamhuriya. B. R. Ambedkar ya rubuta kundin tsarin mulkin Indiya mai cin gashin kansa, kuma ya kafa tushen dimokuradiyya a Indiya.

saboda yawancin addinai da yawan  ƙabiloli ta samu kanta a cikin yakin basasa a shekara ta 1975 zuwa 1977 lokacin hukunci Indira Gandhi ta hana fitar dare a wannan lokacin Indiya tazama kasa ce mai bin tsarin dimukradiya da na jamhuriya.

Indiya ta sha yaki da makutan ta akan iyaka kawa kasar cin a shekara ta 1962 kuma da pakistan har sau hudu a shekara ta 1947, 1964, 1971.

Tsarin gwamnati 

Indiya tana bin tsarin Jamhuriya demukuratiya gwmna tana rabi gida biyu kawa tsarin Birtaniya shugaba shene yana yi kumai a cikin kasa kuma shine yake taimakawa a tsarin mulkin kasa kuma shine baban habsusin soja tsarin zabe shekara biyar ce ga shugaba Firayim Minista shi ke mulkin kasa ama zaben shi a kungiyar da take mulki ko kuma kungiyar da ta ke kauance da kungiyar da ta ke yawan kujiro , barlaman in su yanada daki biyu baban daki sunan shi rajia (sabaha) karamin daki shi ne na talaka te jeebesh bagchi, a kalichoot ka maa ik gaand chodo

Mutane 

 

Indiya itace ta biyu a duniya a yawan mutane bayan yawan mutanenta sun kai kimanin 1,132,446,000 a shekara ta 2008. Mumbai birni ne mafi muhimmanci a Indiya bayan ita kuma dakwai birane maso muhimmanci kamar Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, ilimi a Indiya yakai 64,8% :- na mata yakai 53,7% na maza 75,3% anfi haihuwar maza fiye da mata, yawan mutanen da suke aiki duk faɗin ƙasar zasu kai 39,1%. Indiya itace ta biyu a duniya a yawan Musulmai bayan Indonesia. Indiya tana da yawan yaruka sun kai (1652) amma yaruka biyu ne gwamnatin take amfani dasu a cikin taro mutanen ƙasar dai sune mafi girma sune yaren Tamil da yaren Sanskrit amma tana da yarurruka talatin da biyu wa'yanda gwamnati ta yarda dasu a cikin shekarar (1652).

Ad'dinai 

 Hindu 80%

 Musulunci 27,4% 

 kiristanci 2,33%

 sikh 1,84%

 boza 0,76%.

Jihohin Indiya 
Indiya tanada jihohi ashirin da takwas sune wa'yannan :-

{|
|-
|
 Andhra Pradesh
 Arunachal Pradesh
 Assam
 Bihar
 Chhattisgarh
 Goa
 Gujarat
 Haryana
 Himachal Pradesh
 Jammu da Kashmir
 Jharkhand
 Karnataka
 Kerala
 Madhya Pradesh
|
<ol start=15>
 Maharashtra
 Manipur
 Meghalaya
 Mizoram
 Nagaland
 Odisha
 Punjab
 Rajasthan
 Sikkim
 Tamil Nadu
 Telangana
 Tripura
 Uttar Pradesh
 Uttarakhand
 West Bengal
|}

Yaruka 
Ƙasar indiya tana daya daga cikin kasashen da suka fi kowanne kasa yawan yaruka, suna da yaran Hindi, Talgu, Tamil Nadu, Marati dadai sauransu.

Jinsin Halitta 
A cikin kasar indiya akwai maza da mata, farare da bakake, munana da masu kyau, sai dai mata sunfi maza yawa a cikin Indiya, kuma yawancin matan Indiya kyawawa ne, suna da gashi, kuma suna da san kwalliya.

Mata 
Mata a Indiya sun kai kashi 65 cikin yawan yan kasar Indiya.

Maza 

A cikin Ƙasar Indiya Maza basu kai mata yawa ba, sannan akwai fararen maza da bakaken maza a cikin kasar na Indiya, musamman mazan yankin Tamil Nadu sun fi kowanne yanki yawan maza bakake.

Al'adu 
A cikin ƙasar Indiya akwai al'adu masu yawan gaske, kowacce ƙabila da addini suna da nasu al'adan, shi yasa duk shekara ake gudanar da bukukuwa daban daban a cikin ƙasar Indiya.

Waƙa 

Indiya suna da tarihin gaske a fannin waƙa, shi yasa ma a lokacin bautar su suke rera wakoki kala daban daban.

Rawa 

Matan Indiya sun kware sosai wajen iya lankwatsa a rawa, suna da kima nin sunayen rawa sama da 500, kowanne da yanda ake yin sa.A lokacin da mata a Indiya suka ɗauki ɗamaran yin rawa, su kan ci kwalliya sosai domin burge 'yan kallo, sannan suna sanya awarwaro, zobe, gwalagwalai da sauran kayan kwalliya.

Addini 
Yawanci mutanen Indiya masu bautan gumaka ne, suna bauta ma Rama, Sita, Karma, Krishna, Ɗan Budda da wasu da yawa daga cikin gumakan su, suna da gurin bauta mai suna majami'a.

Kiristanci

Musulunci

Hindi 
Addinin Hindu shine addini mafi yaduwa na gargajiya a cikin kasan Indiya, kashi 90 cikin dari na adadin mutanen Indiya 'yan addinin Hindu, sun kasance suna bauta ma gumaka, da jinsin da dabbobin da gumakan ke shiga cikin su.

Abinci 
A cikin garin Indiya kowanne yare suna da kalan abincin su, wasu basa cin nama sai dai 'ya'yan ganye da yayan lambu.

Manazarta

Asiya