Biophysical environment
Yanayin Rayuwar Dan Adam abu ne mai rayayyun halittu da abiotic da ke kewaye da kwayar halitta ko yawan jama'a, saboda haka ya haɗa da abubuwan da ke da tasiri a rayuwarsu, ci gaban su, da kuma juyin halitta. Yanayi na rayuwa zai iya bambanta a sikelin daga microscopic zuwa duniya gaba ɗaya. Hakanan za'a iya raba shi gwargwadon halayensa. Misalan sun hada da yanayin ruwa, yanayi da kuma yanayin ƙasa. Adadin muhallin halittu ba zai kirgu ba, idan aka ba kowace kwayar halitta tana da nata yanayin.

Kalmar muhallin na iya komawa ga muhallin duniya guda ɗaya dangane da bil'adama, ko kuma yanayin rayuwa, misali Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta ƙasar Burtaniya.

Hulɗa tsakanin muhalli 

Duk rayuwar da ta wanzu tabbas ta dace da yanayin muhallin ta. Yanayin zafin jiki, haske, zafi, abubuwan gina jiki na ƙasa, da sauransu, kuma duk suna yin tasiri ga jinsunan dake cikin muhalli. Koyaya rayuwa bi da bi tana canzawa, ta hanyoyi daban-daban, yanayinta. Wasu gyare-gyare na dogon lokaci tare da tarihin duniyar sun kasance masu mahimmanci, kamar haɗakar oxygen zuwa sararin samaniya. Wannan tsari ya kunshi a cikin rashin lafiya na carbon dioxide da anaerobic microorganisms cewa amfani da carbon a cikin metabolism da kuma fito da oxygen zuwa sararin sama. Wannan ya haifar da wanzuwar iskar oxygen da rayuwar dabbobi, babban taron oxygenation .

Nazarin da ya shafi 

Kimiyyar muhalli ita ce nazarin ma'amala tsakanin muhallin halittu. Wani bangare na wannan ladabin kimiyya shine binciken tasirin aikin dan adam ga muhalli. 

Ilimin halittu, karamin tsarin ilimin halitta da kuma wani ɓangare na kimiyyar muhalli, galibi ana kuskure ne a matsayin nazarin illolin da ɗan adam ke haifarwa ga mahalli.

Nazarin muhalli babban horo ne na ilimi wanda shine tsarin tsari na hulɗar mutane da yanayin su. Babban filin karatu ne wanda ya hada da:

 Yanayin yanayi
 Yanayin da aka gina
 Yanayi na zamantakewa

Muhalli wani yanki ne mai faɗaɗa na zamantakewar al'umma da falsafa wanda, a wani bangare mai girma, ke neman ragewa da rama mummunan tasirin aikin dan adam a kan yanayin rayuwa. Al'amurran da suka shafi damuwa ga muhalli yawanci dangantaka da yanayi tare da mafi muhimmanci wadanda ake canjin yanayi, jinsunan nau'i nau'i, gurbatawa, da kuma tsohon girma gandun daji hasãra.

Ofaya daga cikin karatun da suka shafi sun haɗa da yin amfani da Kimiyyar Bayanai na Yankin ƙasa don nazarin yanayin rayuwa. . 

Biophysics bincike ne mai tarin yawa wanda yake amfani da tsarin daga kimiyyar lissafi dan nazarin al'amuran halittu.  Yanayinsa ya fito ne daga matakin kwayoyin har zuwa yawan mutanen da aka raba ta da iyakokin kasa. 

 Jerin batutuwan kiyayewa
 Jerin littattafan muhalli
 Jerin batutuwan muhalli
 2020 a cikin muhalli da kimiyyar muhalli.

Manazarta 

Muhalli
Yanayi
Ƴancin ɗan adam
Ƴancin muhalli
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