Kaduna
Kaduna babban birnin jihar Kaduna ce, kuma tsohuwar hedikwatar siyasar Arewacin Najeriya . Tana nan a arewa maso yammacin Najeriya, akan kogin Kaduna . Cibiyar kasuwanci ce kuma babbar cibiyar sufuri a matsayin hanyar shiga jihohin arewacin Najeriya, tare da layin dogo da muhimman hanyoyin sadarwa.  

Yawan mutanen Kaduna ya kai 760,084 a kidayar 2006 a Najeriya.  Gaggawa cikin sauri tun daga 2005 ya haifar da karuwar yawan jama'a, kamar yadda a 2023, kiyasin yawan jama'a ya kai miliyan 1.1.  Yawan al'ummar jihar Kaduna a shekarar 2021 ya kai mutane miliyan 8.9. 

Yanayi: Kaduna State experiences a typical tropical continental climate with distinct seasonal regimes, oscillating between cool to hot dry and humid to wel. These two seasons reflect the influ- ences of tropical continental and equatorial mar itime airmasses which sweep over the entire coun try. However, in Kaduna State, the seasonality is pronounced with the cool to hot dry season being longer than the rainy season. Again, the spatial and temporal distribution of the rain varies. decreasing from an average of about 1530mm in Kafanchan-Kagoro areas in the Southeast to about 1015mm in Ikara-Makarfi districts in the northeast. High storm intensities (ranging from 60mm hr-1 to 99mm hr-1) plus the nature of surface runoff build up the good network of medium sized river sys- temps High evaporation during the dry season ton however, creates water shortage problems espe cinity in Igabi, Giwa, Soba, Makarfi)and Ikara LGA.

Gudanar da jihar ya fara ne da manufar Gudanar da Lardi da Tsarin Mulki na Ƙasa/Ƙananan Hukumomi. Duk da haka, a cikin 1976 Gwamnatin Mohammed ta gabatar da tsarin Karamar Hukumar wanda ya ba da wasu ayyuka ga zababbun kansilolin da aka nada. Da kowace gwamnatin tarayya ta samu nasarar gudanar da mulkin soja guda shida, adadin kananan hukumomin jihar Kaduna ya karu daga goma sha hudu a farkon shekarun 1980 zuwa ashirin da uku a shekarar 1998. Table 18.1 yana ba da jerin sunayensu da kuma wuraren da suka dace. A kowace LGA, ana san ƙananan raka'a kamar gundumomi da gundumomi.

Etymology 
Asalin kalmar kaduna ance gurbacewa ce ta kalmar Hausa ta “crocodiles”, Kaddani a harshen Hausa ( kaduna itace jam’i).  Wani sigar sunan yana ba da hanyar haɗi zuwa kalmar Gbagyi / sunan 'Odna', ma'ana 'kogi'. 

Turawan mulkin mallaka na Ingila ne suka kafa Kaduna a shekarar 1900.  Gwamnan Burtaniya na farko a Arewacin Najeriya, Sir Frederick Lugard, ya zabi wurin da ake yanzu don ci gaba saboda kusancinsa da layin dogo daga Legas zuwa Kano .  Ta zama hedkwatar tsohon yankin Arewacin Najeriya a 1917,  kuma ta ci gaba da rike wannan matsayi har zuwa 1967. Har yanzu birnin yana da tasiri a matsayin hedkwatar kungiyoyin siyasa da sojoji da al'adu daban-daban musamman a Arewacin Najeriya.[ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]

Kaduna babbar cibiyar masana'antu ce a Arewacin Najeriya, masana'anta kamar su masaku, injina, karafa, aluminum, man fetur da berans .  Sai dai masana'antar masaka ta ragu sakamakon shigo da kayayyaki da masana'antu da China suka yi a baya-bayan nan sakamakon rashin kula da su na tsawon shekaru a lokacin mulkin soja a Najeriya . Sauran ƙera haske sun haɗa da: robobi, magunguna, kayan fata, kayan daki, da talabijin.  Har ila yau, harkar noma babbar sana’a ce a Kaduna, don haka bankin noma na da hedkwatarsa a birnin.  Wasu manyan kayayyakin noma da ake fitarwa sun haɗa da: auduga, gyada, dawa, da ginger.  Haka kuma Kaduna tana da reshen kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Najeriya .  Kera motoci ma ya kasance wani muhimmin bangare na tattalin arzikin Kaduna.  Kamfanin Peugeot Automobiles Nigeria yana da wurin hada hada a Kaduna.  Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC), daya daga cikin manyan matatun mai na Najeriya guda hudu yana Kaduna. Ana kawo shi ne ta hanyar bututun mai daga rijiyoyin mai na Neja Delta .  

Wani bincike da Bankin Duniya ya gudanar a shekarar 2009, ya nuna cewa Kaduna na daya daga cikin manyan birane shida da suka fi fama da rashin aikin yi . An kiyasta kashi 20% na mutanen ba su da aikin yi. 

<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">ed</span>]
Biranen Najeriya