Kidan Afirka
Idan aka yi la’akari da girman nahiyar Afirka, waƙarta ta bambanta, tare da yankuna da ƙasashe suna da al'adun kiɗa daban-daban. Waƙar Afirka ta ƙunshi nau'ikan amapiano, Jùjú, Fuji, Afrobeat, Highlife, Makossa, Kizomba, da sauransu. Har ila yau, kiɗan Afirka na amfani da manyan kayan kida iri-iri a duk faɗin nahiyar. Kiɗa da raye -rayen ƴan Afirka, waɗanda aka kafa zuwa digiri daban-daban akan al'adun kiɗan Afirka, sun haɗa da kiɗan Amurka kamar Dixieland jazz, blues, jazz, da yawancin nau'ikan Caribbean, irin su calypso (duba kaiso ) da soca . Salon kade-kade na Latin Amurka irin su cumbia, kidan salsa, dan cubano, rumba, conga, bomba, samba da zouk sun samo asali ne daga kidan bayin Afrika, kuma sun yi tasiri ga shahararriyar wakokin Afirka.

Kamar kiɗan Asiya, Indiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya, kiɗan kida ce mai ƙarfi. Haɗaɗɗen tsarin rhythmic sau da yawa kuma yana haɗar da waƙar da aka yi da wani don ƙirƙirar polyrhythm . Mafi yawan nau'in polyrhythm yana wasa uku a saman biyu, kamar sau uku da aka buga da madaidaiciyar bayanin kula. Al'adun kiɗan Afirka na kudu da hamadar sahara akai-akai sun dogara da kayan kida iri-iri iri-iri, gami da xylophones, djembes, ganguna, da na'urorin samar da sauti irin su mbira ko "piano na yatsa."  

Wani nau'i mai ban sha'awa na kiɗan Afirka shine yanayin kiransa da amsawa : murya ɗaya ko kayan aiki yana buga ɗan gajeren magana mai sauti, kuma wannan magana tana sake maimaita ta da wata murya ko kayan aiki. Halin kira-da-amsa ya miƙe har zuwa ƙwanƙwasa, inda ganga ɗaya zai yi salon ƙwanƙwasa, wanda wani gangunan yana wasa iri ɗaya ne. Har ila yau, kiɗan Afirka yana inganta sosai. Ana yin babban tsarin rhythmic, tare da ƴan ganga sannan suna inganta sabbin ƙira sama da tsayayyen tsarin asali.

Kade-kade na gargajiya a galibin nahiyar ana watsa su ne da baki (ko a zahiri) kuma ba a rubuta su ba. Akwai bambance-bambance a hankali a cikin sauti da sauti waɗanda ba sa sauƙin fassarawa zuwa alamar Yammacin Turai. Kiɗa na Afirka sun fi dacewa da tetratonic na Yamma (bayanin kula-hudu), pentatonic (bayanin kula biyar), hexatonic (bayanin kula shida), da ma'auni na heptatonic (bayanin kula-bakwai). Ana yin jituwa da waƙar ta hanyar yin waƙa a layi daya zuwa kashi uku, na huɗu, ko na biyar (duba haɗin kai na al'adar yankin Saharar Afirka ).

Waka na da muhimmanci ga addini a Afirka, inda al'adu da bukukuwan addini ke amfani da waka wajen yada labarai daga tsara zuwa tsara tare da rera waka da rawa. Bugu da ƙari, kiɗa yana da mahimmanci ga al'ada gaba ɗaya, ba kawai a matsayin nau'i na addini da maganganun kai ba, har ma a matsayin hanyar watsa labaru don sadarwa game da muhimman batutuwan al'umma, siyasa, da ɗabi'a.

Wasu al'adu da yawa sun yi nazarin kiɗan Afirka ko da yake lokaci, don haka yawan tasirin da ya yi akan wasu. Alal misali, a cikin Disamba na 2002, Ƙungiyar Swiss Society for Ethnomusicology ta gudanar da taro da yawa a ƙoƙarin nazarin kiɗan Ghana . Wadannan masana ilimin kide-kide da kide-kide da suka shiga cikin binciken sun duba koyan fannonin tarihi ta hanyar waka, tare da al'adu. Bugu da ƙari, wasu masana ilimin kida, irin su John Collins sun nemi yin nazarin takamaiman fannoni na kiɗa daga Ghana, irin wannan yana da kasancewar Kiristanci a cikin mashahurin kiɗan. 

Waƙar Afirka tana da dangantaka mai zurfi da al'umma. An yi waƙar Afirka don jin daɗin jama'a da shiga jama'a; wanda ke sa wakokin Afirka su faɗo a ƙarƙashin rukunin kiɗan al'umma, inda ake ƙarfafa al'umma masu ƙwazo da shiga jama'a a harkar kiɗa. Wannan mahimmancin al'umma ne ya kafa ra'ayin Christopher Small na Farin Ciki da kiɗan Jama'a, wanda ke da mahimmanci a cikin wannan al'ada.

Kiɗa ta yankuna

Arewacin Afirka da Kahon Afirka 
Arewacin Afirka ita ce wurin zama na tsohuwar Masar da Carthage, wayewa da ke da alaƙa mai ƙarfi da tsohuwar Gabas ta Tsakiya kuma wacce ta yi tasiri ga tsoffin al'adun Girka da na Romawa. Daga karshe Masar ta fada karkashin mulkin Farisa sannan mulkin Girka da na Roma suka biyo baya, yayin da Romawa da Vandals suka yi mulkin Carthage. Daga baya Larabawa suka mamaye Arewacin Afirka, wadanda suka kafa yankin a matsayin Magrib na kasashen Larabawa.

Kamar nau'ikan kiɗa na Kogin Nilu da Kahon Afirka (yankin sama-shuɗi da duhu kore akan taswira),  kiɗan sa yana da alaƙa ta kut da kut da kiɗan Gabas ta Tsakiya kuma yana amfani da nau'ikan waƙoƙi iri ɗaya ( maqamat ).  Waƙar Arewacin Afirka tana da kewayo mai yawa, tun daga kiɗan tsohuwar Masar zuwa Berber da kiɗan Abzinawa na makiyayan hamada. Kidan fasaha na yankin ya dade shekaru aru-aru yana bin tsarin kidan gargajiya na Larabci da Andalusian: shahararrun nau'ikansa na zamani sun hada da Raï na Aljeriya .

Tare da waɗannan ana iya haɗa su da kiɗan Sudan da na Kahon Afirka, gami da kiɗan Eritrea, Habasha, Djibouti da Somaliya . Kiɗa na Somaliya yawanci pentatonic ne, ta yin amfani da filaye biyar a kowace octave sabanin ma'auni na heptatonic (bayanin kula bakwai) kamar babban sikelin .  Kiɗa na tsaunukan Habasha yana amfani da tsarin ƙa'ida mai mahimmanci wanda ake kira qenet, wanda akwai manyan hanyoyi guda huɗu: tezeta, bati, jakada, da anchihoy .  Ƙarin hanyoyi guda uku bambance-bambance ne akan abubuwan da ke sama: ƙaramar tezeta, manyan bati, da ƙaramar bati.  Wasu waƙoƙin suna ɗaukar sunan qenet ɗin su, kamar tizita, waƙar tunawa.

Yamma, Tsakiya, Kudu maso Gabas da Afirka ta Kudu 
Majagaba na ƙabilanci Arthur Morris Jones (1889-1980) ya lura cewa ka'idodin rhythmic na al'adun kiɗan Bantu na Afirka sun zama babban tsari ɗaya .  Hakazalika, babban mashahuran ƙwararru kuma masani CK Ladzekpo ya tabbatar da "cikakkiyar kamanni" na ƙa'idodin Bantu na Afirka. 

Kidan gargajiya na Afirka akai-akai yana aiki a yanayi. Ayyuka na iya zama tsayi kuma galibi sun haɗa da sa hannun masu sauraro.  Akwai, alal misali, waƙoƙin aiki na musamman, waƙoƙin da ke tare da haihuwa, aure, farauta da ayyukan siyasa, kiɗa don kawar da mugayen ruhohi da kuma girmama ruhohi masu kyau, matattu da kakanni. Babu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan da aka yi a waje da mahallin zamantakewa da aka yi niyya kuma yawancinsa yana da alaƙa da wani raye-raye. Wasu daga cikinsa, waɗanda ƙwararrun mawaƙa ne ke yin su, kiɗan sacral ne ko kaɗe-kaɗe da kaɗe-kaɗe da ake yi a kotunan sarki.

 Yankin gabas (yankuna masu haske a taswira) sun hada da kiɗan Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique da Zimbabwe da kuma tsibiran Madagascar, Seychelles, Mauritius da Comor . Yawancin wa] annan wa ] annan wa] annan wa] annan wa] annan wa] annan wa] annan sun shafi wa] ansu wa ] ansu wa] ansu wa] ansu waɗannan waɗannan abubuwan sun yi tasiri, ko da yake al'adun gargajiya na yankin sun kasance a cikin al'adun Bantu / Nijar-Congo .
 Yankin kudu (yankin launin ruwan kasa akan taswira) ya hada da kiɗan Afirka ta Kudu, Lesotho, Swaziland, Botswana, Namibiya da Angola .
 Yankin tsakiya (yankin duhu mai duhu akan taswira) ya hada da kiɗan Chadi, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da Zambia, gami da kiɗan Pygmy .
 Kaɗe-kaɗe na Afirka ta Yamma (yankin rawaya a taswira) ya haɗa da kiɗan Senegal da Gambiya, na Guinea da Guinea-Bissau, Saliyo da Laberiya, na cikin ƙasar Mali, Nijar da Burkina Faso, ƙasashen bakin teku na Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Najeriya, Kamaru, Gabon da Jamhuriyar Congo da tsibirai irin su Sao Tome da Principe .

Kudanci, Tsakiya da Afirka ta Yamma suna cikin al'adar kiɗan da ke kudu da hamadar Sahara. Har ila yau, suna da tasiri da yawa, daga yankunan Musulmi na Afirka, da kuma a zamanin yau, Amurka da Yammacin Turai .

Afrobeat, Juju, Fuji, Highlife, Makossa, da Kizomba ana yin su a yammacin Afirka. Kide-kiden Afirka ta Yamma yana da bambancin yanki, tare da yankunan musulmi da suka hada da abubuwa na kidan Musulunci da kuma yankunan da ba musulmi ba sun fi tasiri da al'adun 'yan asali, a cewar masanin tarihi Sylviane Diouf da masanin ilimin kabilanci Gerhard Kubik .  A cewar Diouf, waƙar musulmin gargajiya na yammacin Afirka sun haɗa da abubuwa na kiran sallah na Musulunci (wanda ya samo asali daga Bilal ibn Rabah, wani musulmin Afirka na Habasha a farkon ƙarni na 7), gami da waƙoƙin yabon Allah, waƙa, canje-canjen bayanin kula, "kalmomi masu kama da juna. quiver and shake" a cikin waƙoƙin murya, canje-canje masu ban mamaki a ma'aunin kiɗa, da shigar hanci . A cewar Kubik, salon murya na mawakan musulmi na yammacin Afirka "ta yin amfani da melisma, wavy intonation, da dai sauransu, gado ne na wannan babban yanki na yammacin Afirka wanda ke hulɗa da Larabci - Musulunci na Magrib tun daga bakwai da kuma karni na takwas." Dangane da kayan aiki, Kubik ya lura cewa kayan kida (ciki har da kakannin banjo ) a al'adance Musulmin Afirka ta Yamma ne ke son yin kida, yayin da al'adar mutanen yammacin Afirka wadanda ba musulmi ba musulmi ke son yin kida.

Kayan kida 

Bayan surutu, wanda ke amfani da dabaru daban-daban kamar hadaddun melisma da yodel, ana kuma amfani da kayan kida iri-iri. Kayayyakin kiɗan na Afirka sun haɗa da ganguna iri-iri, ƙwanƙolin tsagewa, ƙarara da ƙararrawa biyu, garayu iri-iri, da kayan kaɗe-kaɗe irin na kora da ngoni, da kuma fidda-kai, nau’ikan xylophone da lamellophone iri-iri irin su. mbira, da nau'ikan kayan aikin iska kamar sarewa da ƙaho . Bugu da ƙari, ana kuma amfani da kayan kirtani, tare da lute -kamar oud da Ngoni waɗanda ke zama abin rakiyar kiɗa a wasu wurare.

Akwai rukunoni biyar na kayan kida na yankin kudu da hamadar sahara na Afirka : wayoyi na membrano, wayoyi na kade-kade, wayoyin iska, wayoyi, da kade-kade. Membranophones sune ganguna, gami da kettles, tukwane, da ganga. Wayoyin kaɗe-kaɗe kayan kida ne kamar garayu da garayu. Aerophones wani suna ne na kayan aikin iska. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da sarewa da ƙaho, kama da kayan kida da kuke ji a cikin kiɗan Amurka. Wayoyin wayoyi masu raɗaɗi ne da girgiza, yayin da kaɗa na iya zama sauti kamar taka ƙafa da tafa hannu.  Yawancin kayan aikin katako suna da siffofi ko hotuna da aka zana a cikinsu don wakiltar zuriyarsu. Wasu an yi musu ado da gashin fuka-fukai ko beads. 

Ganguna da ake amfani da su a wakokin gargajiya na Afirka sun haɗa da ganguna na magana, bougarabou da djembe a Afirka ta Yamma, da gangunan ruwa a Afirka ta Tsakiya da Afirka ta Yamma, da kuma nau'ikan gangunan ngoma (ko engoma) a Tsakiya da Kudancin Afirka . Sauran kayan kaɗe-kaɗe sun haɗa da raye-raye da masu girgiza, irin su kosika (kashaka), sandar ruwan sama, ƙararrawa da sandunan itace. Har ila yau, Afirka tana da sauran nau'ikan ganguna da yawa, da sarewa da kirtani da kayan aikin iska.

Wasan polyrhythm yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun halayen kiɗan ƙasashen kudu da hamadar sahara, sabanin yawan waƙar da ake yi a ƙasashen yamma. Na'urori da aka ƙirƙira na musamman sun samo asali a can tsawon lokaci don sauƙaƙe kunna kida masu bambanta lokaci guda. Mmbira, kalimba, Kora, Ngoni da dousn'gouni misalan waɗannan kayan kida ne waɗanda ke tsara bayanin kula ba a cikin tsarin layi ɗaya na yau da kullun daga bass zuwa treble ba, amma a cikin tsararrun matsayi guda biyu waɗanda ke ba da damar ƙarin sauƙi a cikin kunna waƙoƙin giciye . Ana iya ganin ci gaba da tasirin wannan ka'ida a cikin karni na 20 na Amurka kayan kidan gravi-kora da gravikord wadanda sabbin misalan zamani ne.

Dangantaka da harshe 
Yawancin harsunan da ake magana da su a Afirka harsunan tonal ne, wanda ke haifar da kusanci tsakanin kiɗa da harshe a wasu al'adun gida. Waɗannan musamman al'ummomin suna amfani da sautunan murya da motsi tare da kiɗan su ma. A cikin rera waƙa, ƙirar sautin ko rubutun yana sanya wasu maƙasudi a kan salon waƙar. A gefe guda kuma, a cikin kiɗan kayan aiki mai magana da harshen harshe sau da yawa kan iya fahimtar rubutu ko rubutu a cikin kiɗan. Wannan tasirin kuma ya zama tushen harsunan ganga ( ganguna masu magana ).

Tasiri kan kiɗan Afirka 

A tarihi, abubuwa da yawa sun yi tasiri ga kiɗan gargajiya na Afirka . Yare, yanayi, al'adu iri-iri, siyasa, motsin jama'a, sun yi tasiri akan kiɗan, waɗanda duk suna haɗuwa. Kowace rukuni na Afirka ta samo asali ne a wani yanki na nahiyar, wanda ke nufin cewa sun ci abinci daban-daban, suna fuskantar yanayi daban-daban, kuma suna hulɗa da kungiyoyi daban-daban fiye da sauran al'ummomi. Kowane rukuni ya ƙaura a farashi daban-daban kuma zuwa wurare daban-daban fiye da sauran, don haka kowanne ya sami tasiri ta hanyar mutane da yanayi daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, kowace al'umma ba lallai ba ne ta yi aiki a ƙarƙashin gwamnati ɗaya, wanda kuma ya yi tasiri sosai akan salon waƙa.

Tasiri kan kiɗan Arewacin Amurka 
Waƙar Afirka ta kasance babban al'amari wajen tsara abin da muka sani a yau kamar Dixieland, blues, da jazz . Waɗannan salon duk an samo su ne daga kaɗe-kaɗe da sautunan Afirka, waɗanda ƴan Afirka da aka bautar suka kawo a kan Tekun Atlantika. Kade-kade na Afirka a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara galibinsu na da dadi sosai da kuma jin dadi, yayin da ya kamata a kalli blues a matsayin ci gaba mai kyau sakamakon yanayin bauta a sabuwar duniya.  Wataƙila blues ɗin ya samo asali azaman haɗakar sikelin shuɗi na Afirka tare da kayan kida goma sha biyu na Turai.  Al'adun kade-kade na mazauna Irish da Scotland sun haɗu tare da abubuwan kiɗan Ba-Amurke don zama tsohon lokaci da bluegrass, a tsakanin sauran nau'ikan.￼

A cikin kundin sa na Graceland, mawaƙin gargajiya na Amurka Paul Simon yana amfani da ƙungiyoyin Afirka, rhythms da waƙoƙi a matsayin tushen kiɗa don kalmomin kansa; musamman Ladysmith Black Mambazo . A farkon shekarun 1970s, Remi Kabaka, mai bugawa na Afro-rock avant-garde, ya shimfiɗa alamu na farko wanda ya haifar da sauti na Afro'rock a cikin ƙungiyoyi kamar Ginger Baker's Airforce, The Rolling Stones, da Steve Winwood's Traffic. Ya ci gaba da aiki tare da Winwood, Paul McCartney, da Mick Jagger a cikin shekaru goma.

Wasu al'adun kiɗa na Afirka ta Kudu na Sahara suma suna da tasiri sosai a kan irin waɗannan ayyukan kamar Disney's The Lion King da The Lion King II: Simba's Pride, wanda ya haɗu da kiɗa na gargajiya tare da kiɗa ta Yamma. Waƙoƙi irin su "Circle of Life" da "He Lives in You" sun haɗu da kalmomin Zulu da Ingilishi, da kuma salon gargajiya na Afirka na kiɗa tare da salon yammacin zamani. Bugu da ƙari, fim din Disney ya ƙunshi kalmomi da yawa daga harshen Bantu Swahili. Kalmomin hauki matata, alal misali, ainihin Kalmomin Swahili ne wanda a zahiri yana nufin "babu damuwa". Haruffa kamar Simba, Kovu, da Zira su ma kalmomin Swahili ne, ma'ana "zaki", "tsoro", da "ƙiyayya", bi da bi.

Babatunde Olatunji, Miriam Makeba da Hugh Masekela sun kasance daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Afirka don bunkasa manyan magoya baya a Amurka. Tashoshin rediyo na Afirka da ba na kasuwanci ba sun inganta kiɗa na Afirka a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'adunsu da siyasa a cikin shekarun 1960 da 1970. Har ila yau, kiɗa na Afirka ya sami masu sauraro masu sha'awar a kwalejoji da jami'o'in Black na Tarihi (HBCUs) kuma ya yi kira musamman ga masu gwagwarmaya a cikin 'yancin farar hula da ƙungiyoyin Black Power.

Kyakkyawan kiɗa na Afirka 

Kyakkyawan kiɗa na Afirka, kamar kiɗa na gargajiya na Afirka, yana da yawa kuma ya bambanta. Yawancin nau'ikan zamani na shahararrun kiɗa na Afirka suna gina kan ƙetare-pollination tare da shahararrun kiɗan yamma. Yawancin nau'ikan shahararrun kiɗa, gami da blues, jazz da rumba, sun samo asali ne daga digiri daban-daban daga al'adun kiɗa daga Afirka, waɗanda 'yan Afirka masu bautar suka kai Amurka. Wadannan rhythms da sauti daga baya an daidaita su da sababbin nau'o'i kamar dutse, kiɗa na rai, da rhythm da blues. Hakazalika, shahararrun kiɗa na Afirka sun karɓi abubuwa, musamman kayan kiɗa da dabarun rikodin studio na kiɗa na yamma.￼

A Yammacin Afirka, Fela Kuti da Tony Allen sun yi kiɗa na Afrobeat. Femi Kuti da Seun Kuti sun bi mahaifinsu Fela Kuti. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman mawaƙa na ƙarni na 20 na shahararrun kiɗa na Afirka ta Kudu shine Miriam Makeba, wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa, a cikin 60s, wajen jawo hankalin masu sauraro na duniya ga kiɗan Afirka da ma'anarsa. An ce Zenzile Miriam Makeba ta kasance daya daga cikin manyan mawaƙa da suka fi tasiri a Afirka, tun daga shekarun 1950. Ta kasance wani ɓangare na ƙungiyoyi uku, ciki har da ƙungiyar mace ɗaya da wasu biyu. Ta yi kowane irin kiɗa na jazz, kiɗa na gargajiya na Afirka, da kiɗa wanda ya shahara a Yammacin Afirka a lokacin. Miriam ta buga mafi yawan kiɗanta a cikin nau'in "mbube", wanda shine "wani salon jituwa na murya wanda ya jawo waƙoƙin jazz na Amurka, ragtime, da waƙoƙan cocin Anglican, da kuma salon kiɗa na asali". Bayan ta koma Amurka, matsaloli tare da fasfo na Makeba sun faru kuma dole ne ta zauna a Amurka, an ce ta sanya karkatarwa ta Amurka a kan mafi yawan kiɗan Afirka. Tana da sikelin muryarta daban-daban kuma tana iya buga kusan kowane  kula. "The Empress of African Music" ta mutu tana da shekaru 76.

Hanyar haɗe-haɗe ta Afro-Euro, ɗan Cuban, yana da tasiri a kan wasu shahararrun kiɗa a Afirka. Wasu daga cikin rukunin guitar na farko a nahiyar sun buga waƙoƙin Cuban. Ƙungiyoyin guitar na farko daga Kongo sun kira su rumba (ko da yake ɗa ne maimakon rumba). Hanyar Kongo ta samo asali ne daga abin da aka sani da soukous.

Kalpop wani nau'in kiɗa ne wanda ya samo asali ne a cikin al'ummomin sarauta na Klassikan a ƙarƙashin lakabin rikodin Klassik Nation . Kalpop wani nau'i ne na Klassikan, Afirka, harshe (mai yawa), da kuma shahararren kiɗa wanda ya samo asali ne a cikin zamani a tsakiyar shekarun 1990 a Kenya kuma daga baya ya bazu zuwa Amurka da Ingila. Kiɗa na Kalpop ya sami gida ga ƙwararrun magoya baya kuma tare da wasu ƙungiyoyin da aka kafa a cikin gida da kuma ƙungiyoyin Kalpop masu tasowa (akwai ƙungiyoyin Kal pop masu aiki sama da goma sha uku a cikin Nairobi kadai) don ci gaba da haɓaka wannan nau'in ta hanyar shiga cikin abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban da suka shafi Kalpop. DON SANTO, Badman Killa, Blessed Paul, Cash B, Jay Nuclear, Rekless, G-Youts (Washu B da Nicki Mulla), Sleek Whizz, Chizei, suna daga cikin masu fasaha da yawa da ke wasa da kiɗa na Kalpop a Kenya.￼

Masana'antar kiɗa 
Ga masu zane-zane na Afirka, kide-kide na ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a samu a cikin masana'antar. Fashi da sauya halin mabukaci suna bayan raguwar tallace-tallace na rikodin. Yin amfani da dokar haƙƙin mallaka ya kasance mai rauni a Afirka. MusikBi shine shafin yanar gizon farko na sauke kiɗa na doka a Afirka. Ba ya ba da gudana kuma yana iyakance ta hanyar saurin intanet a Afirka. Kasashen Afirka (Kenya, Gambiya da Afirka ta Kudu) sun ga zanga-zangar kan lokacin watsa shirye-shiryen da aka ba wa kiɗa na Amurka. A Zimbabwe dole ne a ba da kashi 75% na lokacin iska ga kiɗa na gida. Ayyukan kariya sun ga ci gaban sababbin nau'o'i kamar Urban Grooves sun fito a Zimbabwe. A cikin 2016 Sony Music ta ƙaddamar a Afirka ta hanyar buɗe ofis a Najeriya. A al'adance ba a sami sabis na manyan ɗakunan karatu na duniya na yamma a Afirka ba, ana biyan buƙatun gida don kiɗan su ta hanyar fashi.￼

Ƙarin karantawa 

 Graeme Ewens. Afirka O-Yé: Bikin Kiɗa na Afirka 1992, 'yan sanda 1991. New York: Da Capo Press.  ISBN 0-306-80461-1
 [Hasiya] Littafin Garland na kiɗa na Afirka na 2nd edn, 2008. NY & Oxford: Routledge.  ISBN 978-0-415-96102-8 (Abridged paperback edition of vol. "Afirka", kundi na 1 na The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music tare da ƙarin labarai)
 Rhythms na nahiyar daga BBC
 Laburaren Kasa da Kasa na Kiɗa na Afirka a Jami'ar Rhodes
 Rubuce-rubucen kiɗa na Afirka daga tarin British Library

Haɗin waje 
 
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