Edaphology
Edaphology (daga Girkanci  , edaphos 'ƙasa'+  , -logia ) yana damuwa da tasirin ƙasa akan rayayyun halittu, musamman tsire-tsire. Yana daya daga cikin manyan sassa biyu na kimiyyar ƙasa, ɗayan kuma ilimin ilimin ilmin halitta .   Edaphology ya haɗa da nazarin yadda ƙasa ke yin tasiri ga amfanin ɗan adam don girma tsiro  da yadda mutane ke amfani da ƙasa gabaɗaya.  Gabaɗaya ƙananan filayen a cikin edaphology sune kimiyyar ƙasa na aikin gona (wanda aka sani da kalmar arology a wasu yankuna) da kimiyyar ƙasa na muhalli . (Pedology yana ma'amala da pedogenesis, ilimin halittar ƙasa, da rarrabuwar ƙasa. )

A cikin Rasha, ana ɗaukar edaphology daidai da ilimin ilimin ilimin ilimin ilmin halitta, amma an gane cewa yana da ma'anar aiki daidai da agrophysics da agrochemistry a wajen Rasha.

Tarihi 
Xenophon (431 – 355 BC), da Cato (234 – 149 BC), sun kasance farkon masu ilimin dabi'a. Xenophon ya lura da tasiri mai fa'ida na juya amfanin gona a cikin ƙasa. Cato ya rubuta De Agri Cultura ("A kan Noma") wanda ya ba da shawarar noma, jujjuya amfanin gona da amfani da legumes a cikin juyawa don gina ƙasa nitrogen. Ya kuma ƙirƙiro farkon iyawar ƙasa don takamaiman amfanin gona.

Jan Baptist van Helmont (1577 – 1644) ya yi wani sanannen gwaji, ya shuka itacen willow a cikin tukunyar ƙasa kuma ya ba da ruwan sama kawai na tsawon shekaru biyar. Nauyin da bishiyar ta samu ya fi na kasa nauyi. Ya ƙarasa da cewa an yi itacen willow da ruwa. Ko da yake kawai wani ɓangare daidai, gwajinsa ya sake haifar da sha'awar edaphology.

Fagen karatu

Kimiyyar ƙasa noma 
 
Kimiyyar ƙasa ta noma ita ce aikace-aikacen sinadarai na ƙasa, kimiyyar lissafi, da ilmin halitta waɗanda ke hulɗar samar da amfanin gona. Dangane da ilmin sinadarai na ƙasa, yana ba da fifiko na musamman kan abubuwan gina jiki na shuka masu mahimmanci ga noma da noma, musamman game da abubuwan da suka shafi takin ƙasa da taki .

Edaphology na jiki yana da alaƙa mai ƙarfi tare da ban ruwa na amfanin gona da magudanar ruwa .

Kiwon ƙasa al'ada ce mai ƙarfi a cikin kimiyyar ƙasan gona. Bayan hana zaizayar kasa da lalacewa a cikin gonakin noma, kiwo na kasa na neman kiyaye albarkatun kasa duk da yin amfani da na'urorin sanyaya kasa da kuma rufe amfanin gona .

Kimiyyar ƙasa muhalli 
 
Kimiyyar ƙasa ta muhalli tana nazarin hulɗar mu tare da pedosphere akan fiye da samar da amfanin gona. Mahimman abubuwan da ake amfani da su na filin suna magance ayyukan yankin vadose, ƙididdigar filin magudanar ruwa da aiki, jiyya na ƙasa na ruwan sha, ruwan sama, sarrafa yashwa, gurɓataccen ƙasa tare da karafa da magungunan kashe qwari, gyaran ƙasa mai gurɓataccen ƙasa, maido da daskararru, lalata ƙasa, da kula da muhallin gina jiki . Har ila yau, yana nazarin ƙasa a cikin tsarin tsarin amfani da ƙasa, ɗumamar yanayi, da ruwan sama na acid .

Duba kuma 

 Ayyukan ƙasa
 Zoology na ƙasa
 Noma mai dorewa

Bayanan kula

manazarta 

 Bayanan Muhalli na Turai da Cibiyar Kulawa (EIONET) Url an sami damar ƙarshe 2006-01-10
 SSSA Soil Science Glossary Url na ƙarshe an sami damar 2016-01-10