Yamma
Yamma ko Occident ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan kwatance ko maki na kamfas ɗin . Ita ce kishiyar alƙibla daga gabas kuma ita ce alƙiblar da rana ke faɗuwa.

Etymology 
Kalmar "yamma" kalma ce ta Jamusanci da aka shiga cikin wasu harsunan Romance ( ouest a cikin Faransanci, oest a cikin Catalan, ovest a Italiyanci, oeste a cikin Mutanen Espanya da Portuguese). Kamar yadda yake a cikin wasu harsuna, kalmar samuwar ta samo asali ne daga gaskiyar cewa yamma ita ce alƙiblar faɗuwar rana da yamma: 'yamma' ta samo asali ne daga tushen Indo-Turai * wes an rage daga * wes-pero ' maraice, dare', cognate. tare da Ancient Greek ἕσπερος hesperos ' maraice; tauraron maraice; yamma' da Latin vesper ' maraice; yamma'. Misalan samuwar iri ɗaya a cikin wasu harsuna sun haɗa da Latin occidens 'yamma' daga occido' don sauka, don saita' da Ibrananci מַעֲרָב maarav 'west' daga עֶרֶב erev' maraice'.

Kewayawa 
Don tafiya yamma ta amfani da kamfas don kewayawa (a wurin da Magnetic arewa ya zama alƙibla ɗaya da arewa ta gaskiya) ana buƙatar saita ɗamara ko azimuth na 270°.

Yamma alƙibla ce ta gaba da na jujjuyawar duniya akan kusurwoyinta, don haka ita ce gaba ɗaya alƙiblar da Rana ke bayyana ta ci gaba da gaba da kuma faɗuwa daga ƙarshe. Wannan ba gaskiya ba ne a duniyar Venus, wanda ke juyawa a kishiyar shugabanci daga Duniya ( retrograde rotation ). Ga mai kallo a saman Venus, Rana za ta tashi a yamma ta faɗi a gabas.

A cikin taswira mai arewa a saman, yamma yana hagu.

Ci gaba da tafiya zuwa yamma yana bin da'irar latitude .

Yanayi 
Saboda alƙiblar jujjuyawar duniya, iskar da ke mamayewa a wurare da yawa a tsakiyar latitudes (watau tsakanin 35 da 65 latitude ) ta fito ne daga yamma, wanda aka sani da yamma.

Al'adu 
Kalmar "Yamma" sau da yawa ana magana da ita dangane da yammacin duniya, wanda ya haɗa da Tarayyar Turai (kuma ƙasashen EFTA ), Amurka, Isra'ila, Australia, New Zealand da (a wani ɓangare) Afirka ta Kudu.

Tunanin yankin yammacin duniya ya samo asali ne daga Daular Roma ta Yamma da kuma Kiristanci na Yamma . A lokacin yaƙin cacar baka, ana amfani da "Yamma" sau da yawa don komawa sansanin NATO saɓanin yarjejeniyar Warsaw da ƙasashen da ba su da alaƙa da juna . Maganar tana wanzuwa, tare da ƙara ma'ana.

Ma'anar alama 
A cikin addinin Buddha na ƙasar Sin, Yamma tana wakiltar motsi zuwa Buddha ko haskakawa (duba Tafiya zuwa Yamma ). Aztec na d ¯ a sun yi imani cewa Yamma ita ce mulkin babbar Allahn ruwa, hazo, da masara . A cikin tsohuwar Misira, Yammacin duniya an ɗauke shi a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa duniyar duniya, kuma ita ce jagorar mahimmanci game da mutuwa, ko da yake ba koyaushe tare da ma'ana mara kyau ba. Masarawa na d ¯ a sun kuma yi imani cewa Allahn Amunet ta kasance wani mutum na yamma.  Celts sun yi imanin cewa bayan tekun yamma daga gefuna na dukkan taswira suna kwance Sauran Duniya, ko Bayan Rayuwa.

A cikin addinin Yahudanci, ana ganin yamma tana zuwa wajen Shekinah (gabatar) na Allah, kamar yadda a tarihin Yahudawa alfarwa da Haikalin Urushalima na gaba suka fuskanci gabas, tare da kasancewar Allah a cikin Wuri Mai Tsarki har matakan zuwa yamma. In ji Littafi Mai Tsarki, Isra’ilawa sun haye Kogin Urdun zuwa Ƙasar Alkawari yamma . A cikin Islama, yayin da a Indiya, mutane suna yin addu'a suna fuskantar yamma kamar yadda game da Makka, Makka tana kan hanyar yamma.

A cikin wallafe-wallafen Amirka (misali, a cikin The Great Gatsby ) motsi Yamma wani lokaci yana nuna alamar samun 'yanci, wataƙila a matsayin ƙungiya tare da daidaitawar Yammacin (duba kuma iyakar Amurka da Ƙaddamar Ƙaddamarwa ).

Fantasy almara 
Tolkien ya yi amfani da shi a alama ce, tare da mutuwar Thorin yana kiran Bilbo Baggins "yaro na yammacin kirki" a cikin Hobbit . Wannan ya fi tabbata a cikin Ubangijin Zobba, inda gabas ke bauta wa Sauron da abokan gabansa suka haɗa kansu da yamma.

A cikin jerin Masarautar Gabas ta Saber hagen, masu adawa da juna sune Yamma da Gabas, gami da duka mutane da halittun Allahn taka. Duk aljanu ɓangare ne na Gabas.

Wannan ba kowa ba ne. A cikin aikin Tolkien na farko, arewa ta kasance jagorar mugunta. CS Lewis a cikin Tafiya na Dawn Treader yana da gabas a matsayin jagora mai tsarki, wanda ke jagorantar ƙasar Aslan.

Manazarta 

Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba