Zawiya, Libya
Zawiya /z ɑː w Na ə /, hukumance Zawia (    , fassarar: Az Zāwiyaẗ, Italian   ko Zavia, bambance-bambancen karatu:    Az Zawiyah Al Gharbiyah, Ḩārat az Zāwiyah,  Al Ḩārah,  El-Hára  da Haraf Az Zāwīyah  ), birni ne, da ke a yankin arewa maso yammacin Libya, yana kan iyakar Libya ta Tekun Bahar Rum game da  yamma da Tripoli, a cikin yankin tarihi na Tripolitania . Zawiya babban birni ne na Gundumar Zawiya.

Bayani 
A ƙididdigar Libiya na 1973 da 1984, garin ya ƙidaya kusan mazauna 91,603; a wancan lokacin ne - kuma mai yuwuwa ya ci gaba da kasancewa a yau - birni na biyar mafi girma-birni a cikin Libya ta yawan jama'a (bayan Tripoli, Benghazi, Misrata da Bayda ).  A cikin 2011, an kiyasta Zawiya tana da mutane kusan 200,000,   mafi yawansu suna cikin birni. Zawiya tana da jami'a mai suna Jami'ar Al Zawiya, wacce aka kafa a 1988. Hakanan akwai filin mai kusa da garin kuma Zawiya tana da ɗayan mahimman matatun mai biyu a Libya. Zawiya ta kasance wurin da aka gwabza kazamin fada a yakin basasar Libya na farko, saboda tana sarrafa muhimmiyar hanya tsakanin babban birnin kasar Tripoli da iyakar Tunisia.

Yanayi 
Zawiya tana da yanayi mai tsananin zafi ( Köppen rarraba yanayi BSh ).

Yakin basasar Libya 
A lokacin yakin basasar Libya na farko, an gwabza kazamin fada tsakanin ‘ yan adawar Libya da gwamnatin Muammar Gaddafi a ciki da kewayen birnin.    A cikin kiran wayar musamman da aka yi wa mazauna garin, Gaddafi ya ce masu zanga-zangar matasa ne da aka ruda su cikin "lalata da zagon kasa" da kwayoyi da barasa.  A ranar 8 ga Maris din 2011 aka ba da rahoton cewa sojojin Gaddafi sun 'farfasa garin', bayan sun yi amfani da karfin iska, da tankoki 50, don rusa garin. A cewar wani mashaidi, "birni ya zama kango ... duk wanda yake kan titi ana harbinsa da gani."  A wani rahoton kuma, rikici ya fara kamari a safiyar 6 ga Maris, 2011 kuma ya tsananta a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa - "An harbe yara yayin da suke zaune a gaban gidajensu, an yi wa asibiti assha. Ban san inda masu rauni za su je ba. ” 

A ranar 10 ga Maris, sojojin da ke goyon bayan Gaddafi sun sake kwace birnin. 

A ranar 18 ga Maris, an ba da rahoton cewa zanga-zangar ta sake bayyana a cikin birnin. A farkon watan Afrilu na 2011, tashin hankalin da aka dakatar da tashin hankali, garin "ya koma karkashin babban yatsan Gaddafi bayan ya yi yunƙurin tashi a bayan gidansa." Babban masallacin da ya kalli filin da aka yi shahada inda aka yi wa wadanda suka ji rauni da mutuwa a lokacin da tankokin Gaddafi da maharba suka shiga, "an ruguje shi baki daya, ba wata alama da ta rage." Dubban ‘yan Zawiyan sun tafi da su domin yi musu tambayoyi a‘ yan makonnin da suka gabata, a cewar majiyar ‘yan tawayen.  Rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba sun bayyana cewa kimanin mayaka 10 masu adawa da Gaddafi an binne su a tsakiyar garin. Bayan yakin, ba a ga wata alama ta kaburburan ko gawawwakin ba.

Tun bayan da sojojin Ghaddafi suka karbe iko da Zawiya 'yan juyin juya halin suke ta amfani da matakan daba a kan sojojin Gaddafi. A lokuta daban-daban 'yan tawaye sun yi wa mutanen Gaddafi kwanton bauna amma dole su yi amfani da murfin dare don hana ganowa.

A ranar 11 ga watan Yunin da ya gabata, kusan 'yan tawaye dari suka kutsa cikin garin suka yi ikirarin cewa sun ci nasara da iko da wasu sassan, lamarin da ke nuna fadace-fadace na farko tsakanin masu biyayya da' yan adawa tun bayan da sojojin Gaddafi suka sake kwato su a watan Maris. Sakamakon artabun da ake yi, sojojin masu biyayya sun rufe wata babbar hanyar da ta ratsa garin, babbar hanya ce ta kokarin yakin Gaddafi.  Washegari, sojojin briganda suka fatattaki 'yan tawaye daga garin kuma aka sake bude hanyar zuwa garin. Ya zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, ‘yan tawaye sun fara kai hare-hare zuwa Zawiya, kuma ana zargin masu neman sauyi a cikin garin sun ce za su tashi tsaye wajen goyon bayan‘ yan tawayen lokacin da suka isa garin. 

A farkon watan Agusta, sojojin da ke adawa da Gaddafi sun fara kai farmaki a filayen da ke kewaye da Zawiya har zuwa wajen garin amma ba su rike mukamai.  A ranar 13 ga watan Agusta, yayin rahotanni masu karo da juna game da sakamakon yakin na baya-bayan nan,  Al Jazeera Larabci ya ba da sanarwar cewa sojojin Gaddafi sun yi watsi da Zawiya, kuma sojojin da ke adawa da Gaddafi sun koma ciki a ranar.

Wasanni 
Filin wasa mai amfani da yawa, Filin wasa na Zawiya, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don ƙwallon ƙafa, yana cikin birni.

Duba kuma 

 Jerin birane a Libya

Manazarta 

Pages with unreviewed translations