Labarin kasa
Labarin kasa ko jografi watan (Geography) daga Girkanci : γεωγραφία , Geographia, a zahiri (World Description") ne a fannin kimiyya da fasaha na nazarin ƙasashe, fasali, mazaunanta, da kuma mamaki na Duniya da kuma taurari. Mutum na farko da yayi amfani da kuma kalmar γεωγραφία shine (Eratosthenes)  (276-194 BC). Geography Ilimi ne mai dumbin yawa wanda ke fahimtar da Duniya  abubuwan da ke tattare da ɗan adam da na halitta- ba wai kawai inda abubuwa suke ba, har ma da yadda suka canza suka kasance.
Sau da yawa ana bayyana yanayin ƙasa dangane da rassa biyu: Labarin ɗan adam da Labarin ƙasa na zahiri . Tarihin yanayin ɗan adam ya damu da nazarin mutane da al'ummomin su, al'adu, tattalin arziƙi, da mu'amala da muhalli ta hanyar nazarin alakar su da ta sararin samaniya da wuri. Lissafi na zahiri ya shafi nazarin matakai da alamu a cikin yanayin sararin samaniyia kamar  muhallin, hydrosphere, biosphere, da geosphere.
Hadisai huɗu na tarihi a cikin binciken ƙasa suna nun inazarin sarari na abubuwan halitta da abubuwan ɗan adam, nazarin yanki na wurare da yankuna, nazarin alakar ɗan adam da ƙasa, da kimiyyar Duniya. An kira geography "horo na duniya" da "gada tsakanin ilimin ɗan adam da na zahiri ".

Gabatarwa 
Labarin Kasa, nazari tsari na Duniya da fasalulluka. A al'adance, alaƙar ƙasa an haɗa shi da zane -zane da sunayen wuri. Kodayake yawancin masu ilimin yanayin ƙasa an horar da su cikin jigogi da zane -zane, wannan ba shine babban abin da suka shagala da shi ba. Masu binciken ƙasa suna nazarin sararin samaniya da rarraba bayanai na ɗan lokaci na abubuwan mamaki, matakai, da fasali gami da hulɗar mutane da muhallin su.Saboda sarari da wuri yana shafar batutuwa iri -iri, kamar tattalin arziki, lafiya, yanayi, tsirrai da dabbobi, yanayin ƙasa yana da alaƙa da juna. Halin da ke tsakanin alaƙar ƙasa ya dogara da mai da hankali ga alaƙar da ke tsakanin abubuwan zahiri da na ɗan adam da yanayin sa..

Rassa 
Labarin Kasa ya kusa zuwa rassa daban-daban, kaman haka:

Labarin kasa na Zahiri (Physical Geography) 
Geography na zahiri (ko ilimin lissafi) yana mai da hankali kan labarin ƙasa a matsayin kimiyyar Duniya . Yana da niyyar fahimtar matsalolin jiki da batutuwan lithosphere, hydrosphere, yanayi, pedosphere, da tsarin flora da fauna na duniya (biosphere). Yanayin yanayin ƙasa shine nazarin yanayin yanayi, yanayi, yanayi, ƙasa, rafuffuka, tsarin ƙasa, da teku.. 

Geography a matsayin horo za a iya raba shi cikin manyan fannoni guda biyu na haɗin gwiwa: labarin ɗan adam da yanayin ƙasa. Tsohon ya fi mayar da hankali kan yanayin da aka gina da kuma yadda mutane ke ƙirƙira, dubawa, sarrafawa, da yin tasiri sararin samaniya.  Na karshen yana nazarin yanayin yanayi, da yadda kwayoyin halitta, yanayi, ƙasa, ruwa, da tsarin ƙasa ke samarwa da hulɗa.

Labarin Dan Adam (Human geography) 
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