J. K. Rowling
Joanne Rowling CH OBE FRSL (/ ˈroʊlɪŋ/ "rolling"; [1] an haife shi 31 Yuli 1965), wacce aka fi sani da sunanta na alkalami JK Rowling, marubuciya ce ta Biritaniya kuma mai ba da taimako. Ta rubuta Harry Potter, jerin shirye-shiryen fantasy na yara mai juzu'i bakwai da aka buga daga 1997 zuwa 2007. Jerin ya sayar da kwafi sama da miliyan 600, an fassara shi zuwa yaruka 84, kuma ya haifar da ikon amfani da ikon watsa labarai na duniya gami da fina-finai da wasannin bidiyo. Wurin Lantarki (2012) shine littafinta na farko ga manya. Ta rubuta Cormoran Strike, jerin almara mai gudana, a ƙarƙashin sunan Robert Galbraith.

An haife ta a Yate, Gloucestershire, Rowling tana aiki a matsayin mai bincike kuma sakatariyar yare biyu na Amnesty International a cikin 1990 lokacin da ta ɗauki ra'ayin jerin Harry Potter yayin da take cikin jinkirin jirgin ƙasa daga Manchester zuwa London. Shekaru bakwai da suka biyo baya ya ga mutuwar mahaifiyarta, haihuwar ɗanta na fari, saki daga mijinta na farko, da talaucin dangi har zuwa littafin farko a cikin jerin, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, an buga shi a cikin 1997. Mabiyoyi shida sun biyo baya, kuma a shekara ta 2008, Forbes ta sanya mata suna a matsayin marubuciya mafi girma a duniya.

Rowling ta kammala jerin Harry Potter tare da Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows a 2007. Littattafan sun bi wani yaro mai suna Harry Potter yayin da yake halartar Hogwarts (makarantar mayu), da kuma fada da Ubangiji Voldemort. Mutuwa da rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin nagarta da mugunta su ne jigogin silsilarsa. Tasirinsa sun haɗa da Bildungsroman (nau'in zuwan zamani), labarun makaranta, tatsuniyoyi, da ƙa'idodin Kirista. Jerin ya farfado da zato a matsayin nau'i a cikin kasuwar yara, ya haifar da ɗimbin masu koyi, kuma ya zaburar da fandom. Mahimman liyafar ya kasance mai gauraye. Yawancin masu dubawa suna ganin rubutun Rowling a matsayin na al'ada; wasu na kallon yadda ta nuna jinsi da rarrabuwar kawuna a matsayin koma baya. Akwai kuma muhawarar addini kan Harry Potter.

Rowling ta sami yabo da yawa saboda aikinta. Ta sami OBE kuma ta yi Abokin Daraja don hidima ga wallafe-wallafe da jinƙai. Harry Potter ya kawo arzikinta da karramawa, wanda ta yi amfani da shi don ciyar da ayyukan jin kai da siyasa. Ta kafa kungiyar agaji ta Lumos kuma ta kafa kungiyar Volant Charitable Trust, mai suna sunan mahaifiyarta. Cibiyar bayar da agaji ta Rowling akan dalilai na likita da tallafawa mata da yara masu haɗari. A cikin harkokin siyasa, ta ba da gudummawa ga Jam'iyyar Labour ta Biritaniya tare da adawa da 'yancin kai na Scotland da Brexit. Tun daga ƙarshen 2019, ta bayyana ra'ayoyinta a bainar jama'a game da masu canza jinsi da yancin ɗan adam. Kungiyoyin kare hakkin LGBT da wasu masu ra'ayin mata sun soki wadannan a matsayin masu nuna kyama, amma sun sami tallafi daga wasu masu ra'ayin mata da daidaikun mutane.

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