Tierra fría
Acikin Latin Amurka, tierra fría (Mutanen Espanya don ƙasa mai sanyi) wurare ne na tsaunuka inda tsayin ke haifar da yanayi mai sanyi sosai fiye da wanda aka fuskanta acikin tsaunuka a dai-dai latitude. Haɗin ƙananan latitude da tsayi mai tsayi—yawanci tsakanin kusan 2,000 m(kimanin 6,500 ft)da 3,500 m(kimanin 11,500 ft) acikin wurare acikin 10° na equator —yana samar da yanayi wanda ya faɗa cikin nau'i ɗaya kamar yawancin yanayin teku da aka samu a yammacin gabar tekun nahiyoyi acikin Yankuna masu zafi — ƙananan yanayin zafi duk shekara, tare da matsakaici na kowane wata daga kusan 10°C (50 °F) acikin watanni mafi sanyi zuwa kusan 18°C (64.4°F) acikin watanni mafi zafi (a wuraren da ke daɗaɗa iyakar tsayin daka. inda wannan yanayin ya kasance yana raguwa a hankali). Abubuwan amfanin gona na yau da kullun waɗanda ake girma a cikin tierra fría sune dankali, alkama, sha'ir, hatsi, masara, da hatsin rai.

Bayan tierra fría wani yanki ne da aka sani da suni, puna, ko páramos; kusa da Equator wannan ya ƙunshi wurare masu tsayi tsakanin kusan 3,500 m (11,500 ft) da 4,500 m (15,000 ft), wakiltar layin itace da layin dusar ƙanƙara bi da bi. Tsire-tsire anan yayi kama da wanda aka samo a tundra na yankunan polar. Har yanzu mafi girma shine tierra Nevada, inda dusar ƙanƙara da ƙanƙara ke mamayewa. Masanin yanki na Peruvian Javier Pulgar Vidal (yanayin Altitudinal) yayi amfani da tsaunuka masu zuwa: 2,300 m (ƙarshen gandun daji na Cloud ko Yunga fluvial), 3,500 m (Treeline) da 4,800 m (ƙarshen Puna).

Wasu daga cikin manyan biranen Latin Amurka ana samun su a cikin tierra fria, musamman Bogotá, Colombia, tsayin mita 2,640, Mexico City, Mexico, tsayin 2,240 m da Quito, Ecuador, tsayin 2,850 m; dukkan garuruwan ukun kuma manyan biranen kasashensu ne.

Noma a yankin ya yi kama da wanda ake gudanarwa a yankunan kwari a cikin yankuna masu zafi, yana nuna irin amfanin gona kamar sha'ir da dankali .

Duba kuma 

 Tsarin yanayi na Köppen
 Altitudinal zone
 Tierra caliente
 Tierra templada
 Tierra helada
 Tashar tudu

Adabi