Tsafi
Aládance tsafi na nufin yin amfani da siddabaru ko sihiri domin cutar da wasu. Wanda keyin tsafi ana kiransa da mai sihiri ko boka.A medieval farko farkon kasar Europe inda aka samo asalin kalmar,wadanda ake tuhuma da yin tsafi yawancin su matane inda suka yarda amafani da karfin tsafi a cikin alúmmar su,suke kuma yawan yin magana da shaidanu.Da yawa a wurare da dama wadanda ake tuhuma da yin tsafi sune masu duba da kuma ungozomomi.

Ko da yake ma'anoni sun bambanta daga tabbatacce zuwa mara kyau a wasu lokuta a cikin tarihi,  sihiri yana ci gaba da samun muhimmiyar rawa ta addini da magani a cikin al'adu da yawa a yau. cikin al'adun Yammacin Turai, an danganta sihiri da ra'ayoyin Sauran, [5] baƙon,  da primitivism;  yana nuni da cewa “wani alama ce mai karfi ta bambancin al’adu”  haka kuma, al’amarin da ba na zamani ba.  A ƙarshen karni na sha tara da farkon karni na ashirin, masanan yammacin duniya sun fahimci cewa yin sihiri alama ce ta tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma galibi suna danganta shi ga gungiyoyin jama'a. 

A cikin tsafi na zamani da addinan neopagan, da yawa masu sihiri da bokaye da suka bayyana kansu suna yin sihirin akai-akai;  ayyana sihiri a matsayin dabarar kawo sauyi a duniyar zahiri ta hanyar qarfin son rai. Aleister Crowley (1875–1947), kwararren dan boko ne na Biritaniya, ya shahara da wannan ma'anar, kuma tun daga lokacin wasu addinai (misali. Wicca da LaVeyan Shaidan ) da tsarin sihiri (misali hargitsi sihiri ) sun karbe shi.

Asalin kalma 
Kalmomin Turanci 'magic''' mage da mai sihiri sun fito ne daga kalmar Latin magus, ta hanyar Girkanci μάγος, wanda ya fito ne daga Tsohon Farisa maguš . (𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁|𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁, mai sihiri). [11] Tsohon Farisa magu- an samo shi daga Proto-Indo-Turai megʰ- *magh (zai iya). Kalmar Farisa na iya haifar da Tsohon Sinitic *M γ ag (mage ko shaman ).  Tsohuwar sifar Farisa da alama ta mamaye tsoffin harsunan Semitic kamar Talmudic Ibrananci magosh, Amgusha Aramaic (mai sihiri), da maghdim Kaldiya (hikima da falsafa); daga karni na farko KZ zuwa gaba, magusai'' na Syria ya shahara a matsayin masu sihiri da bokaye.

Manazarta