Liste des théologiens musulmans
Ceci est une liste incomplète de théologiens musulmans notables.

Théologiens et philosophes traditionnels

Ash'aris et Maturidis 

 Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari 
 Abu Mansur al-Maturidi 
 Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi 
 Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi 
Omar Sohrawardi
 Ibn Hibban 
 Ibn Furak 
 Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 
 Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini
 Abu al-Walid al-Baji 
 Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi 
 Al-Bayhaqi 
 Al-Baqillani 
 Al-Qushayri 
 Al-Shahrastani 
 Al-Juwayni
 Ahmad al-Rifa'i 
 Al-Ghazali 
 Al-Baydawi 
 Al-Maziri 
 Ali Qushji 
 Ali al-Qari 
 Al-Sharif al-Jurjani 
 Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 
 Sayf al-Din al-Amidi 
 Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam 
 Taqi al-Din al-Subki 
 Taj al-Din al-Subki 
 Jalal al-Din al-Dawani 
 Zakariyya al-Ansari 
 Ibn Aqil 
 Ibn al-Jawzi 
 Ibn Khaldun 
 Ibn Tumart 
 Ibn Arafa 
 Ibn Ashir 
 Elîsh 
 Ibn Abi Zayd 
 Qadi Ayyad 
 Ibn Hajar al-Haytami 
 Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi 
 Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi
 Sa'd al-Din al-Taftazani 
 Najm al-Din al-Qazwini al-Katibi 
 Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi 
 Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati 
 Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi 
 Abdel Qadir al-Jilani 
 Abd al-Rahman al-Thaalbi 
 Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi 
 Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi 
 Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani 
 Al-Sha'rani 
 Al-Bahūtī 
 Al-Maydani 
 Ad-Desouki 
 Ahmad Sirhindi 
 Ahmad al-Dardir 
 Ibrahim al-Bajuri 
 Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad 
 Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 
 Ahmad Rida Khan 
 Rahmatullah Kairanawi 
 Muhammad Zahid al-Kawthari 
 Muhammad Mayyara 
 Murtada al-Zabidi 
 Muhammad Abu Zahra 
 Yusuf al-Nabhani 
 Muhammad Metwally al-Sha'rawy 
 Ahmed Deedat 
 Abdullah al-Harari 
 Muhammad Said Ramadan al-Bouti 
 Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki 
 Noah Qudah 
 Ali Gomaa

Mu'taziles 

 Wasil ibn 'Ata' 
 Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar 
 Al-Jubba'i 
 Al-Jahiz 
 Ben Hattab Mahdi 
 Al-Zamakhshari 
 Ibrahim al-Nazzam

Autres 

 Abu Muslim 
 Al-Dinawari 
 Al-Farabi 
 Sayyid Ali Hamadani 
 Al-Kindi 
 Ibn Hazm 
 Ibn Sina 
 Ibn Taymiya 
 Ibn al-Qayyim

Voir aussi la première philosophie musulmane, la philosophie islamique

Les premiers théologiens et philosophes sunnites 

 Abu Hanifa 
 Al-Shafi'i 
 Malik ibn Anas 
 Ahmad ibn Hanbal 
 Daoud el-Zahiri 
 Tahawi 
 Junayd de Bagdad 
 Harith al-Muhasibi

Muḥaddithūn 

 Bukhari 
 musulman 
 Abu Dawoud 
 Tirmidhi 
 Nasa'i 
 Ibn Majah

Théologiens et philosophes médiévaux 

 Al-Biruni 
 Al-Battani (Albatenius) 
 Al-Buzjani 
 Al-Farabi (Alpharabius) 
 Al-Farghani 
 Al-Ghazali (Algazenl) 
 Al-Idrisi 
 Al-Zarnuji 
 Al-Khwarizmi (Algoritmi) 
 Al-Kindi (Alkindus) 
 Al-Masu'di 
 Al-Mawardi 
 Ibn al-Baitar 
 Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) 
 Ibn al-Nafis 
 Ibn Khaldun 
 Ibn Rushd (Averroes) 
 Ibn Sina (Avicenne) 
 Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi 
 Omar Khayyám 
 Sayyid Ali Hamadani (prédicateur et voyageur)

Théologiens modernes 

 Abdolkarim Soroush 
 Abdul Qadeer Khan 
 Ahmed Rida Khan 
 Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri 
 Akhtar Raza Khan 
 Ali Shariati 
 Alija Ali Izetbegovic 
 Bilal Philips 
 Fazlur Rahman
 Harun Yahya 
 Idries Shah 
 Inayat Khan 
 Ismail Al-Faruqi 
 Israr Ahmed 
 Khaled Abou Al-Fadl 
 Leila Ahmed 
 Mawlana Muhammad Ilyas 
 Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib 
 Muzaffer Ozak 
 Nasiruddin Albani 
 Dit Nursi 
 Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi 
 Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi 
 Sherman Jackson 
 Seyyed Hossein Nasr 
 Siraj Wahaj 
 Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas 
 Syed Nazeer Husain 
 Ziauddin Sardar

Voir aussi philosophie islamique moderne, islamisation du savoir

Imams chiites

Athnā'ashariyyah - Les douze imams 

 Ali ibn Abi Talib 
 Hasan ibn Ali 
 Husayn ibn Ali 
 Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin 
 Muhammad al-Baqir 
 Jafar Sadiq 
 Musa al-Kazim 
 Ali al-Rida (Ali Raza) 
 Muhammad al-Taqi 
 Ali al-Hadi (Ali Naqi) 
 Hasan al-Askari 
 Muhammad al-Mahdi

Imams Zaïdites 

 Ali ibn Abu Talib 
 Hasan ibn Ali 
 Husayn ibn Ali 
 Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin 
 Zayd ibn Ali

Imams Isma'iliens 

 Ali ibn Abu Talib (Nizarisme ismaélien et Qarmates - Sevener seulement; Asās/Wāsīh chez les Musta'liens ismaéliens) 
 Hasan ibn Ali (Qarmates - Sevener et Mustaliens seulement; Pir dans le Nizarisme) 
 Husayn ibn Ali 
 Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin 
 Muhammad al-Baqir 
 Jafar Sadiq 
 Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar 
 Maymūn Al-Qaddāḥ (Mustaliens et Nizarites Isma'iliens uniquement)

Autres 

 Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid 
 Sharif al-Murtaza 
 Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 
 Al-Hilli 
 Zurarah ibn A'yan 
 Hisham ibn Hakam 
 Agha Zia Addin Araghi 
 Ja'far Sobhani

Historiographes, politologues et sociologues 

 Al-Masudi 
 Ibn al-Tiqtaqa 
 Ibn Hisham 
 Ibn Ishaq 
 Ibn Kathir 
 Ibn Khaldoun 
 Ibn Khallikan 
 Mahdi ElMandjra 
 Rashid-al-Din Hamadani 
 Sayyid Qutb 
 Tabari 
 Usamah ibn Munqidh

Voir également 

 Kalam 
 Aqidah 
 Liste des personnes par croyance 
 Liste des Ash'aris et Maturidis 
 Liste des musulmans 
 Savants musulmans occidentaux 

Théologien musulman