code: # Copyright (c) 2016 Matthew Earl
  # 
  # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  # of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
  # in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
  # to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  # copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  # furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  # 
  #     The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
  #     in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  # 
  #     THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
  #     OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
  #     MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
  #     NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
  #     DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
  #     OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
  #     USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
  
  """
  Definitions that don't fit elsewhere.
  
  """
  
  __all__ = (
      'DIGITS',
      'LETTERS',
      'CHARS',
      'sigmoid',
      'softmax',
  )
  
  import numpy
  
  
  DIGITS = "0123456789"
  LETTERS = "ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ"
  DASH = "-"
  CHARS = LETTERS + DASH + DIGITS
  
  def softmax(a):
      exps = numpy.exp(a.astype(numpy.float64))
      return exps / numpy.sum(exps, axis=-1)[:, numpy.newaxis]
  
  def sigmoid(a):
    return 1. / (1. + numpy.exp(-a))
  
  
apis: numpy.sum numpy.exp