Jerry had 42 action figures and 30 books on a shelf in his room. Later he added 43 more books to the shelf. How many more books than action figures were on his shelf?
Jerry had 42 action figures and 30 books on a shelf in his room. 

This means that there were a total of 72 items on the shelf. 

Later he added 43 more books to the shelf. 

This means that there are now a total of 115 items on the shelf. 

How many more books than action figures were on his shelf? 

There are now 43 more books on the shelf than there are action figures.