f6fba6cf_ngstock_Management___eXtension_tages_of_calf_housing_options__Type_of_Housing
[Advantages] Natural nutrition. Access to pasture, ventilation, and sunlight. Natural socialization. [Disadvantages] Potential spread of Johne’s and other diseases. Spread of contagious mastitis. Difficult to observe individual animals (manure, appetite, urine). [Type of Housing] 
Pastured with dam
Organic Dairy Herd Health: Youngstock Management - eXtension
Type of Housing