395728aa_mic_way_of_life_and_philosophy__Secular_state
[Sl.#] 8 [Topic / area] Judiciary [Islamic state] Justice is done on the basis of Islamic laws called the Sahriah, which is basically a guideline from the Qur’an and Sunnah. Normally the head of state or the heads of the regional government takes part in the judiciary process to ensure justice. Cases are handled on case by case basis judging the evidences and proofs. Most of the punishments are pre-declared in Islam as a result citizens do not engage in any criminal activities knowing well what would be the punishment if caught. Some of those punishments are declared by Allah Himself in the Qur’an and some have been implemented by the Prophet (S) following the commandments of the Qur’an. There is no cost in judgment of cases and the cases were resolved almost as soon as they occurred. [Secular state] 
There are professional lawyers, barristers and judges at different levels of courts where the cases are handled by them. The head of state or the top executive authorities do not get involved in the judicial process; but appoints a Chief Justice of his or her liking not necessarily on the basis of merit. Justice is done on the basis of evidences and proofs as well as in reference to prior judgments of similar cases. As a result, they have volumes of growing law books with records of all landmark cases. They use their own judgment to judge a case depending on evidences and support on hand to close a case as they do not have any divine criterion to help them to judge a matter. Often judgments are done in secrets if and when there is an ill political motive. The judicial process is expensive and difficult often leading to harassment for a long time to close a case. Victimizing and suffering of innocent is not uncommon in such a system.
Difference between Islamic and non-Islamic way of life and philosophy
Secular state