d6ed6a32_ola_Online___Additional_Skills__DEFINITION
[NAME] Harmonics (natural harmonics) [DEFINITION] 
Harmonics are overtones of the string and produce soft flutelike sounds when the string is lightly touched at specific fractional divisions (nodal points). Natural harmonics are produced on open strings, and artificial or stopped harmonics are produced on stopped strings. Composers often indicate which string should be used for the harmonic by notating above or below the note markings such as sul D, D string, or III (meaning, play the harmonic on the D string, the third string on the violin). Natural harmonics are indicated in two ways: by a small "o" written above the note to be lightly touched, and by a small diamond shape at a specific point on the string where the finger should be lightly placed. The most commonly used natural harmonics are described below, with notated examples on the D string. The string is divided in half (two equal parts). When the string is lightly touched in the middle, the resulting pitch sounds one octave above the open string. This particular harmonic is generally notated at the actual pitch with a small circle above it. Ex. 1 is an example of a natural harmonic dividing the string into one half on the D string. To play it, find the middle point of the D string (the indicated note D), and lightly touch this note with your finger. As you use your bow to play this note, the resulting pitch should be one octave above the open string D. The string is divided in thirds (three equal parts). If the string is lightly touched at one third of the string length from either end, the resulting pitch should be an octave and a perfect fifth above the open note. Ex. 2 is an example of a natural harmonic dividing the string into thirds. The string is divided into fourths (four equal parts). If the string is lightly touched at one of the nodes dividing the string in fourths, the resulting pitch should be two octaves above the open string. Ex. 3 is an example of this harmonic: The string is divided into fifths (five equal parts). If the string is lightly touched at one of the nodes dividing the string in fifths, the resulting pitch should be two octaves and a third above the open string. Ex. 4 is an example of this harmonic:
Viola Online - Additional Skills
DEFINITION