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[Title] In Search of a Hunger-Free Community [Author] Aiyeshia Hudson [Year] 2006 [Publication Type] Field Reports [Community Focus] Emergency Food Recipients, Service Providers, SNAP/Food Stamp Recipients [Location] Domestic, Milwaukee, Wisconsin [Description] In Search of a Hunger-Free Community provides insight into the needs and circumstances of clients accessing emergency food assistance within Hunger Task Force’s network of food pantries… Read more [Affiliation] Emerson Fellow [Body] 
SEARCH HUNGERFREE COMMUNITY Assessment the Emergency Food Network Milwaukee Aiyeshia Hudson Bill Emerson Hunger Fellow and Task Force February Executive Summary This report presents findings extensive assessment clients within emergency food network The purpose this study was gain insight into needs circumstances accessing assistance Forces pantries meal sites also evaluates role volunters Most significantly sheds light various conditions affecting people seeking provides voice for their stories offers plan action address poverty hunger factors that contribute need Surveys interviews were conducted throughout metro area Our sample size consisted pantry site volunteers MAJOR FINDINGS stamps are not accessed most Fiftyfive percent respondents did participate program Disabled suffer from insufficient government benefits Supplemental Security Income SSI Social frequently reported sources primary income There severe County Clients frequent use remain insecure Despite reports users skipping cutting meals monthly basis lack affordable housing Respondents spend disproportionate amount costs Children comprise significant portion households More than half included children almost onefourth Lack employment low wages Threefourths unemployed median hourly wage increase observing demand over course last years substantial retired elderly Over onethird age older onehalf rely volunteer labor Only coordinators paid staff commit service being more five Introduction one pressing issues faced many Wisconsin residents Between rate grew faster any other state increasing states rise number poor foodinsecure may account increased participation federal nutrition programs experienced recent Participation FoodShare version Stamp Program between August WIC Women Infants experiencing record caseloads However despite evident nutritionassistance ranks School Breakfast seventhpoorest city surprising persists According American Community Survey comprises Wisconsins total Regarding Milwaukees live povertystricken which triple fourth nationally child While providing addresses immediate creates will persist unless root causes problem addressed present common themes related personal circumstance among useinadequate governmentassistance healthcare services help thousands hungry meet nutritional they otherwise unable reach these until economic social who utilize our intend devise strategies better serve advocate battling with first since focus individuals receiving makes uniquely different previous assessments only seek Census Bureau Nord Andrews Carlson Household United States Department Agriculture Economic Research Service Report Action Center FRAC November Health Family Services December Overview Assistance concept can traced back breadlines soup kitchens during Great Depression Due prevalence extreme country provided commodities mass distribution response crisis served directservice providers needy access virtual disappearance onset World War rising economy continued distribute occasionally order reduce agricultural surplus aid time conclusion war late know today typically linked early After recession skyrocketed Congress created commodity known TEFAP large organizations those Today serves key Americas safety net millions Americans struggling maintain adequate banks billions pounds per year lacking resources provide enough USDA there operating resulted million billion distributed second volume utilized given month nearly During fiscal shelters pound received Stockbox dropoff every Poppendick Eisinger Bery SystemFindings Provider Volume Final Client July lowincome seniors postpartum mothers free nutritious utilizes through Commodity CSFP community levels continue expected Meal referred prepared onsite For term refers congregate recipients reside facility shelter uncooked items preparation offsite variety varies based individual capacity general canned fruits vegetables cereals starches some cases protein milk meat poultry infant formula METHODOLOGY Data collected responses surveys administered gathered fall winter National all Sixtytwo locations surveyed including six selected adherence standards excellence population eliminating have yet met well All One functions daycare center excluded Three data collection survey fourpage item questionnaire fivepage see Appendices III supplemental selfaddressed stamped envelope cover letter explaining Volunteers completed convenience returned questionnaires mail visits independently however Sept Dec randomly agency hours operation required fill out receive while waiting allocations after Since scheduled traditional does visit confidence interval calculated average set due inability accurately track level reached Fellowship project Congressional unique yearlong leadership development designed college graduates interested working eliminate Participants months local communitybased organization knowledge efforts end Fellows complete final sox Washington national work perspective httpwwwhungercenterorg rates scale lowest four highest Standards Excellence Infant limit supply translated Spanish orally Hmong results limited selfselective nature surveying tool answered questions selectively thus certain representative entire estimated range values likely true value httpwwwablongmancomhtmlabramiglossaryglossaryhtmlGLOSSARY_C indicates certainty produce httpwwwsurveysystemcomsscalchtmterminology Pantry Site Profiles Demographic information characteristics both Information household composition race ethnicity gender requested AGE following charts identify ages actually went get They reflect using Chart Age Older respondent old HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION terms living alone Composition Living Alone Two Adults Single Parent Parents Grandparents Caring Grandkids Multigenerational Among characterized single parent homes singleparent lived RACE AND ETHNICITY African AmericanBlacks overrepresented represented WhiteCaucasians make These figures racial disparity exists Race Ethnicity Indian Hispanic White Mixed Asian Black GENDER Gender appears important factor selection means far choose panty men difference choice probably largely presence often parents Table identifies type Female Male Percent women USE EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE major understand attempt made how learn about what extent satisfied REFERRAL SOURCES FOR asked referral intention discover networks family friends chart summarizes Referral Sources Church FamilyFriends Self Organization Other Almost REASONS ACCESSING question inquired contributing check applied Low high cost daily expenses such rent utilities medical played heavily Circumstances Contributing Use Benefits Stamps Ran Out Cut Off Check Not Enough Loss Unemployment High Costs Medical Cost Childcare Utility RentMortgage Personal Factors Recent DivorceSeparation Receiving Child Support Wages Total Responses running utility main reasons utilizing Mealsite appeared difficulty identifying Fewer responders identified life available you job place begin claimed needing able under category reason visiting Homelessness funds sense ran system but much less FREQUENCY standard allowing maximum having once Their great lead them illustrates Reports Visiting Once Month Year Yes visited measure duration each client persisted Frequency Visits Twice Times Four Five Six case offer days open day times frequency user CLIENT SATISFACTION WITH SERVICES operates called Adherence assures clean facilities store handle safely employ equally meets achieves compliance integrity accountability satisfaction measures used determine felt show Provisions long provisions helps requests sufficient found basic Many fact stretch beyond minimum stretching lasts Length Time Last Days Ratings intends respectful culture diet religion strong typical provision should least lasted fresh appropriate like quality types would when Foods generally expensive difficult obtain harder mentioned Meat chicken fruit Facility Maintenance requires its operate safe wellstaffed staffed Customer describes relations treated respect feel welcome informed Accessibility belief must accessible needed changes operations easier multiple choices improving accessibility practices affect additional fairly constant across indicated evening weekend week weekday wanted closer home handicapped where operated VOLUNTEERS core depends support annually translates assist antihunger directclient participating sorts performing warehouse clerical duties Additionally advance advocacy mission speaking outreach intake workers sorters addition routine maintenance pick deliver special sought perform DEMOGRAPHICS effort demographic status several Nearly above reflects mindful future recruitment especially heavy reliance staffing recognize package weight considerations Consideration ways recruit younger helpful estimations Volunteer Greater Under female useful understanding appeals volunteering could attractive Well AmericanBlack Yet predominately white EMPLOYMENT STATUS fulltime testament importance upon remainder has attracted students parttime market Employment Status Fulltime Parttime Looking Work Retired Student Employed VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES Understanding roles motivation ensuring properly Knowing motivations aware availability commitments monitoring maintaining satisfactory employed DURATION SERVICE devote experience Charts summarize Activity Duration Commitment DUTIES percentsortbag percentclean percentinterview percentmake deliveries percenttake inventory fewer committed percentoutreach percentadministration percentorder percentdrive percentadvocacy Twentyeight whom cooking serving cleaning Some sorting clothes INTAKE process request regarding proof residency identification member conduct gateway successful referrals encourages refer federally funded Lunch Summer describe instances necessarily mean undertake Intake Conduct Dont Make Referrals Making percentFood percentWIC percentSummer Meals percentNational Free Reduced Price Programs percentOther eligible Because efficient Given occur activities nonparticipation MOTIVATION motivates activity giving demonstrating concern expressing religious faith percentOpportunity give percentConcern percentExpression percentI new things TRENDS series trends developing relation clientele demographics Thirtysix change past larger comprised families regards unemployment broader Changes Demand Years Response Increased Decreased Know Past FACTORS RELATED HUNGER POVERTY Various connected link education insecurity INCOME incomes annual City compares Monthly Median Mean MedicareMedicaid ChildCare Rent Earned Tax Credit Kinship Care Twenty small percentage earned tax credit cause fully EIC represents valuable source Public function Fiftynine form public security third Works either full Similar supplement cash aged blind disabled httpwwwssagovnoticessupplementalsecurityincome welfare httpwwwdwdstatewiusDWSWdefaulthtm EITC refundable httpwwwirsgovindividualsarticleidhtml Job Caregiver Unemployed Multiple Jobs Working Plus impede ability find sustainable Such barriers health reliable transportation lists act challenges looking had car phone lacked school EDUCATION shows higher educational attainment leads earnings someone holding bachelors degree GED graduate recipient without Education Degree College infer connection exist jobs livable salaries HOUSING Housing classified themselves renters whereas owning homeless percenthomeless defined anyone lacks fixed regular sleep staying Retrieved httpwwwcensusgovpopulationsocdemoeducationcpstabpdf January subsidized Respondent Home Owner Renter Subsidized Homeless majority exceeds Urban Development HUD definition defines mortgage homelessness derived httpwwwhudgovofficescpdhomelesslibraryspcresourcemanualsectionspcmanual_cfm httpwwwhudgovofficescpdaffordablehousingindexcfm Users outcomes demonstrate existing threequarters HEALTH Medicare Medicaid two largest care coverage adults insurance vulnerable populations financial beneficiaries postponing attention afford Gaps create consequences pay necessary Reported Surveyed Human httpwwwhhsgovmedicaid httpwwwmedicaregovMedicareEligibilityhomeaspversiondefaultbrowserIECCWinXPlanguage English dental Postponing MedicalDental Insufficient Funds Postponed Dental putting off because FEDERAL NUTRITION PROGRAMS calendar caseload estimates comparison actual participants assess reaches equal percentAccording released September specifically indicate success reaching benefiting Nutrition wwwfnsusdagovpdfsfyhhhtm Calendar YTD httpdhfswisconsingovemrsdatarecipientsbycyfsrecipientscyxls Jan httpwwwfnsusdagovoaneMENUPublishedFSPFILESParticipationReachingpdf Access America CitybyCity Snapshot threefifths claims ineligibility stamp cut User Nonparticipation NOT eight allotment Reasons Participate percentDo qualify percentWas percentBenefits too percentProcess complicated percentAfraid percentLimited Office Hours inference drawn relates limits assume others outside eligibility requirements instance group gross person Consequently particularly turning feed Nonparticipants Who Ineligibility Househol Limits People Gross Net Each familiarity rights barrier possess same myths discourage applying httpwwwfnsusdagovfspapplicant_recipientsfs_Res_Ben_Elightm exceeded allowable deductions considered httpwwwfracorghtmlfederal_food_programsFSPHomeless_Rights_Under_FSPhtml Myths Facts httpwwwfnsusdagovfspoutreachpdfsmythshomelesspdf Often apprehensive believe forms exceed beneficiary deduction Unfortunately unaware facts fail apply benefit allotments Ten worth former reapplying NSLP SBP assisted nonprofit private schools residential childcare establishments institutions donated healthy lunches everyday breakfast httpwwwfnsusdagovfspoutreachpdfsmythselderlypdf httpwwwfnsusdagovfspoutreachpdfsmythsdisabledpdf Feb httpwwwfnsusdagovcndlunchAboutLunchNSLPFactSheetpdf httpwwwfnsusdagovcndbreakfastAboutBFastFactSheetpdf About Severe disparities county participated schoolchildren reducedprice lunch compared ranked Comparable Schools attending Conversely ReducedPrice Affirmative httpwwwfnsusdagovpdslfyparthtm httpwwwfnsusdagovpdsbfyparthtm District June table money save Savings Elementary Secondary Paid whose elementary secondary INSECURITY USDAs domestic point uncertain nutritionally foods acquire acceptable socially Regular effectiveness reducing CoreModule Questionnaire outlines httpwwwersusdagovpublicationserrerrpdf Life Sciences Andersen Core Indicators Nutritional State Difficult Sample Populations Journal Vol Cutting Myself Size Every Months Skipping skip CONCLUSIONS critical highlight underlying problems Government Elderly Study Inadequate Benefit Allotments inadequate associated Outreach ineligible reporting awareness stable tend earn Livable Vermont Wage Campaign adequately familys applicable taxes Affordable leaving little coalition groups httpwwwvtlivablewageorglivablewagefigureshtm Satisfaction overall management customer abstained negative feedback fear comments might hinder continuation entirely run elders RECOMMENDATIONS directly tied expanding embracing collaboration accomplish establishing hungerfree Plan targeting Establish Voices Against subcommittee carry presentations materials applications senior centers complexes Distribute Foodshare geared towards Monitor Advocate Farm increases Recruit speak hearings Collect participant testimonials Increase Create pamphlet develop longterm grassroots organizing dedicated fighting acting Appendix Additional What best Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday How opportunity here Friend amam pmpm kind formal training started Formal Training Handling Storing Sanitation Cleaning Safety Available improve your Nothing Impact Opportunity Suggestions Places You Have recently Would opportunities Name________________________________________________________________________________ Street Address _________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ____________________ Zip ______________ Please mixed Sex FullTime PartTime EmployedNot _____________________ amnoon Noon EFO Confidential General been Its expression faithinaction Concern personally Other_____________________________ friend church Other____________________________________________ Prior beginning Receive trainingI learned onthejob handling storing sanitation keep Other_____________________________________________________________________ rewarding enjoyable on_______________________________________________________ impact suggestions implement own ideas ______________________________________________________________________ places ____________________________________________________________ organized Order SortingBagging Interviewing CleaningMaintenance Deliveries Driving Inventory Administration Advocacy Other______________________________________________________________________ Does intakes yes Other__________________________________________________________ None dont involved Has changed Stayed Why Why____________________________________________________________ Operations _______________________________________________________ noticed cultural etc Describe _____________________________________________________________ turned away Explain _________________________________________________________ Based Poor Fair Good Very Excellent Apply Quality Amount Variety Nutritious Value culturesreligions Help Treatment Cleanliness Proper storage Comments attached page influence decisionmakers relief want Date Interview ______________________________________________________________ Interviewed ________________________________________________________________________
Congressional Hunger Center » Subject Areas » Domestic Federal Nutrition Programs
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