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[Users, Groups, Permission] Access to database files in the file system
Who can copy, delete and view database files using programs other than Access. This concerns Windows user management and control of file system permissions on directories and files. In most cases, for Access or a Jet-based application to use an Access database, the (Windows) user needs to have the file system permissions that also allow them to do whatever they want with the files. This could include investigating database files with a hex editor or with cracking tools, and this sets a not-very-high upper limit on the level of absolute security that can be achieved. Only in scenarios where the user is using a remote UI do they get to read/manipulate data without direct access to the database files. (For example, the user interacts with forms provided by a web server, which uses an Access database on the server; Or perhaps Access forms application accessed through a Windows terminal server session that permits no other activity.). This topic is not covered further in this article.
The Microsoft Access Security Apparatus
"User-level security" or "Workgroup-file-based security": Governing who is permitted to view, add, edit and delete database objects (tables, queries etc), and to edit those permissions for other users. This is the main topic of this article.