abarth & c. s.p.a. (pronounced [ˈaːbart]) is an italian racing- and road-car maker and performance division founded by italo-austrian carlo abarth in 1949.abarth & c. s.p.a. is owned by stellantis through its italian subsidiary.its logo is a shield with a stylized scorpion on a yellow and red background.the following year, the manufacturer folded, and founder piero dusio flew to argentina.abarth, funded by armando scagliarini, took over cisitalia's assets and on 31 march 1949, abarth & c. was founded in bologna.carlo's astrological sign, scorpio, was chosen as the company logo.from the cisitalia liquidation, abarth obtained five 204 sports cars (two complete spiders and three unfinished), a d46 single-seater, and various spares.the cisitalia 204s were immediately rechristened abarth cisitalia 204a.abarth proceeded to build and race a series of sports cars developed from these last cisitalia cars.in addition to guido scagliarini, the 'squadra abarth' racing team lined up celebrated drivers, including tazio nuvolari, franco cortese, and piero taruffi.notably, tazio nuvolari made his last appearance in racing at the wheel of an abarth 204a, winning its class in the palermo–monte pellegrino hillclimb on 10 april 1950.alongside racing, the company's main activity was producing and selling accessories and performance parts for fiat, lancia, cisitalia, and simca cars, like inlet manifolds and silencers.on 9 april 1951, the company's headquarters were moved to turin; abarth began his well-known association with fiat in 1952, when the company built the abarth 1500 biposto on fiat mechanicals.in 1957, abarth entered a deal with fiat whereby they were paid direct fees for successful competition finishes.abarth accordingly went on to enter their cars in countless hillclimbing and sports-car racing events across the world, mainly in classes from 850 to 2000 cc, competing with porsche 904 and ferrari dino in the higher echelons.since they were paid based on the number of results, abarth entered their cars in every conceivable class and in countries across the entire world.hans herrmann was a factory driver from 1962 until 1965, winning the 500 km nürburgring in 1963 with teddy pilette.abarth promised johann abt that he could race a factory car for free if he won all the races he entered.abt almost succeeded; of the 30 races he entered, abt won 29 and finished second once.abt later founded abt sportsline.abarth produced high-performance exhaust pipes, diversifying into tuning kits for road vehicles, mainly for fiat.a racing exhaust was produced for the 1950s lambretta models 'd' and 'ld'.original abarth ld exhausts are now valuable collectors' items.reproductions are available, which carry the abarth name; how fiat feels about this is not known.lambretta even held several 125 cc motorcycle land speed records during the 1950s due partly to the exhaust that abarth developed for them.in 1958, abarth developed the abarth alfa romeo 1000 in collaboration with the milanese manufacturer.they sent an engineer, mario colucci, to oversee the process.abarth was impressed with his skill, and while the car remained a one-off, colucci was given the position of abarth's technical director in 1960.colucci's first design was a mid-engined, tubular framed roadster using the 750 engine called the abarth spider sport.this car had an unfortunate gestation period and never attained much success in competition, while abarth himself favored the rear-engine layout and kept offering both types.the spider sport series was also built with 700 and 1000 cc displacements, while a few late examples were fitted with 1300 cc engines of simca origins.colucci's next design, the group 4 1000 sp, was much more successful and spawned a range of mid-engined, tubular-framed, fibreglass-bodied sports prototypes.abarth also helped build sports or racing cars with porsche and simca.
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