fc spartak moscow (russian: футбольный клуб «спартак» москва, romanized: futbolʹnyy klub «spartak» moskva, pronounced [spɐrˈtak mɐˈskva]) is a russian professional football club based in moscow.having won 12 soviet championships (second only to dynamo kyiv) and a record 10 russian championships, it is the country's most successful club.they have also won a record 10 soviet cups, 4 russian cups and one russian super cup.spartak have also reached the semi-finals of all three european club competitions.many statesmen saw in the wins of their teams the superiority over the opponents patronising other teams.almost all the teams had such kind of patrons; dynamo moscow aligned with the militsiya, cska moscow with the red army, and spartak, created by a trade union public organization, was considered to be 'the people's team'.the history of the football club and sports society 'spartak' originates from the russian gymnastics society (rgo 'sokol'), which was founded on 16 may 1883.the society was founded under the influence of the pan-slavic 'sokol movement' with the aim of promoting the 'sokolsk gymnastics' and then sports including fencing, wrestling, figure skating, skating, football, hockey, lawn tennis, boxing, skis, athletics, and cycling.in the rgo sokol began to play football in the summer of 1897; the professional football section was founded in the spring of 1909.on 1 august 1920, the football team began to officially act under the name mcs, or moscow sports club.in 1923, the mcs, later named krasnaya presnya (red presnya), was formed by ivan artemyev and involved nikolai starostin, especially in its football team.presnya is a district of moscow renowned for the radical politics of its inhabitants; for example, it represented the centre of the moscow uprising of 1905.the team grew, building a stadium, supporting itself from ticket sales and playing matches across the russian sfsr.as part of a 1926 reorganization of football in the soviet union, starostin arranged for the club to be sponsored by the food workers union and the club moved to the 13,000 seat tomsky stadium, known as pishcheviki.the team changed sponsors repeatedly over the following years as it competed with dinamo moscow, whose 35,000 seat dynamo stadium lay close by.as a high-profile sportsman, starostin came into close contact with alexander kosarev, secretary of the komsomol (communist union of youth) who already had a strong influence on sport and wanted to extend it.in november 1934, with funding from promkooperatsiia, kosarev employed starostin and his brothers to develop his team to make it more powerful.again the team changed its name, this time to 'spartak moscow' (the name spartak means 'spartacus', a gladiator who led an uprising against ancient rome).the club founders, four starostin brothers, played a big role in the formation of the team.the starostins played for the red-whites in the 1930s but right before world war ii they were subjected to repression as the leaders of the most hated team by the state authorities.elder brother nikolai starostin wrote in his books that he had survived in the state prison system due to his participation in football and with spartak (after the political rehabilitation, in 1954, he would later return to the team as the squad's manager).in 1935, starostin proposed the name spartak.it was inspired by the italian novel spartaco, written by raffaello giovagnoli, and means spartacus ('spartak' in russian), a gladiator-slave who led a rebellion against rome.starostin is also credited with the creation of the spartak logo.the same year, the club became a part of newly created spartak sports society.czechoslovak manager antonin fivebr is credited as the first head coach of spartak, though he worked as a consultant in several clubs simultaneously.
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