alba iulia (romanian pronunciation: [ˌalba ˈjuli.a] (listen); german: karlsburg or carlsburg, formerly weißenburg; hungarian: gyulafehérvár; latin: apulum) is a city that serves as the seat of alba county in the west-central part of romania.located on the mureș river in the historical region of transylvania, it has a population of 63,536 (as of 2011).during ancient times, the site was the location of the roman camp apulum.since the high middle ages, the city has been the seat of transylvania's roman catholic diocese.between 1526 and 1570 it was the capital of the eastern hungarian kingdom from which the principality of transylvania emerged by the treaty of speyer in 1570 and it was the capital of the principality of transylvania until 1711.at one point it also was a center of the eastern orthodox metropolitan of transylvania with suffragan to vad diocese.on 1 december 1918, the union of transylvania with romania was declared in alba iulia, and the romania's king ferdinand i and queen marie were crowned in the alba iulia orthodox cathedral, in 1922.alba iulia is historically important for romanians, hungarians, and transylvanian saxons.in december 1918, alba iulia was officially declared capital of the great union of romania.the city administers four villages: bărăbanț (borbánd), micești (ompolykisfalud), oarda (alsóváradja), and pâclișa (poklos).when the settlement with its roman ruins became the seat of a dukedom in the 10th century, the population may have been slavic.from the 9th to the 11th centuries, the settlement bore the slavic name bălgrad (meaning 'white castle' or 'white town').the old romanian name of the town was bălgrad, which originated from slavic.the hungarian name gyulafehérvár is a translation of the earlier slavic form, meaning 'white castle of the gyula' meaning 'white city of julius'.the current name, alba iulia, is a romanian translation of that.alba is the romanian feminine form of the word for white, and iulia ('julius') refers to gyula ii, a mid-10th-century hungarian warlord who was baptized in constantinople.among ruthenians, the city was known as bilhorod ('white city').the city's latin name in the 10th century was civitatem albam in ereel.the first part of the name alba denotes the ruins of the roman fort apulum ,the pre-feudal white citadel.later in the middle ages, different names were used: frank episcopus belleggradienesis in 1071, albae civitatis in 1134, belegrada in 1153, albensis ultrasilvanus in 1177, eccl.micahelis in 1199, albe transilvane in 1200, albe transsilvane in 1201, castrum albens in 1206, canonicis albensibus in 1213, albensis eccl.transsylvane in 1219, b. michaelis arch.transsilv.in 1231, alba... civitas in 1242, alba sedes eptus in 1245, alba jula in 1291, feyrvar in 1572, feyérvár in 1574, weissenburg in 1576, belugrad in 1579, gyula feyervár in 1619, gyula fehérvár in 1690 and karlsburg in 1715.under the influence of the hungarian form, gyulafehérvár, the town's latin name eventually became alba julia or alba yulia.its modern name, alba iulia, is an adoption of the town's medieval latin name and started to spread in romanian in ordinary speech in the 18th century.the modern name has been officially used since the town became part of romania.the 16th-century german name was weyssenburg.the saxons later renamed the town to karlsburg (carlsburg) in honour of charles vi (1685–1740).in yiddish and hebrew, karlsburg was prevalent.in ladino, carlosburg was used.alba carolina was also a medieval latin form of its name.after dacia became a province of the roman empire, the capital of dacia apulensis was established here, and the city was known as apulum.apulum was the largest city in roman dacia and was the seat of the xiii gemina legion.
stechados | ignote | parasiticidal
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