(i)  a departure from the International Standard  for Testing  and Investigations related to Sample  collection or Sample  handling which could reasonably have caused an anti -doping rule violation based on an Adverse Analytical Finding , in which case JJIF shall have the burden to establish that such departure did not cause the Adverse Analytical Finding ;  (ii)  a departure fr om the International Standard  for Results Management  or International Standard  for Testing  and Investigations related to an Adverse Passport Finding  which could reasonably have caused an anti -doping rule violation, in which case JJIF shall have the burden to establish that such departure did not cause the anti -doping rule violation;   (iii)  a departure from the International Standard  for Results Management  related to the requirement to provide notice to the Athlete  of the B Sample  opening which could reaso nably have caused an anti -doping rule violation based on an Adverse Analytical Finding , in which case JJIF shall have the burden to establish that such departure did not cause the Adverse Analytical Finding ;  [Comment to Article 3.2.3 (iii): JJIF would mee t its burden to establish that such departure did not cause the Adverse Analytical Finding by showing that, for example, the B Sample opening and analysis were observed by an independent witness and no irregularities were observed.]