Results Management : The process encompassing the timeframe between notification as per Article  5 of the International  Standard for Results  Management , or in certain cases  (e.g., Atypical Finding, Athlete Biological Passport , Whereabouts Failure ), such pre- notification steps expressly provided for in Article 5 of the International Standard for Results Management , through the charge until the final resolution of the matter, including the end of the hearing process at first instance or on appeal (i f an appeal was  lodged).