                 FIS ANTI -DOPING RULES   COMPILED IN ACCORDANCE WITH  THE WORLD ANTI -DOPING CODE      EDITION January 2021                                                       FIS Anti -Doping Rules  page  3 Edition January 2021  TABLE OF CONTENTS  INTRODUCTION  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  6 PREFACE  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 6 FUNDAMENTAL RATIONALE FOR THE CODE  AND FIS'S ANTI -DOPING RULES  ................................ ..............................  6 DESCRIPTION OF FIS ANTI -DOPING ACTIVITIES  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  8 SCOPE  OF THESE ANTI -DOPING RULES  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  9 ARTICLE 1   DEFINITION OF DOPING  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  11 ARTICLE 2   ANTI -DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS ................................ ................................ ................................ .......  11 2.1 PRESENCE OF A PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE  OR ITS METABOLITES  OR MARKERS  IN AN ATHLETE’S SAMPLE  ................................ .... 11 2.2 USE OR ATTEMPTED USE BY AN ATHLETE  OF A PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE  OR A PROHIBITED METHOD  ................................ ........  12 2.3 EVADING , REFUSING OR FAILING TO SUBMIT TO SAMPLE  COLLECTION  BY AN ATHLETE  ................................ ..........................  12 2.4 WHEREABOUTS FAILURES  BY AN ATHLETE  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  12 2.5 TAMPERING  OR ATTEMPTED TAMPERING  WITH ANY PART OF DOPING  CONTROL  BY AN  ATHLETE OR OTHER PERSON  ..................  13 2.6 POSSESSION  OF A PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR A  PROHIBITED METHOD  BY AN ATHLETE OR ATHLETE SUPPORT PERSONNEL  ..........  13 2.7 TRAFFICKING  OR ATTEMPTED  TRAFFICKING  IN ANY PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE  OR PROHIBITED METHOD  BY AN  ATHLETE OR OTHER PERSON  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  13 2.8 ADMINISTRATION  OR ATTEMPT ED ADMINISTRATION  TO ANY ATHLETE IN-COMPETITION OF ANY PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR PROHIBITED METHOD , OR ADMINISTRATION  OR ATTEMPT ED ADMINISTRATION  BY AN ATHLETE  OR OTHER PERSON  TO ANY ATHLETE  OUT-OF-COMPETITION OF ANY PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR ANY PROHIBITED METHOD THAT IS PROHIBITED OUT-OF-COMPETITION  ..............  13 2.9     COMPLICITY  OR ATTEMPTED COMPLICITY BY AN ATHLETE  OR OTHER PERSON  ................................ ................................ ...... 13 2.10  PROHIBITED ASSOCIATION  BY AN ATHLETE  OR OTHER PERSON  ................................ ................................ ..........................  13 2.11  ACTS BY AN ATHLETE  OR OTHER PERSON  TO DISCOURAGE OR RETALIATE AGAINST REPORTING TO AUTHORITIES  ........................  13 ARTICLE 3   PROOF OF DOPING  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  15 3.1 BURDENS AND STANDARDS OF PROOF  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........................  15 3.2 METHODS OF ESTABLISHING FACTS AND PRESUMPTIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................  15 ARTICLE 4   THE PROHIBITED LIST  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  18 4.1 INCORPORATION OF THE PROHIBITED LIST ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  18 4.2 PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES  AND PROHIBITED METHODS  IDENTIFIED ON THE PROHIBITED LIST ................................ ..................  18 4.3 WADA’ S DETERMINATION OF THE  PROHIBITED  LIST ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 19 4.4 THERAPEUTIC USE EXEMPTIONS (“TUE S”) ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  19 ARTICLE 5   TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  23 5.1 PURPOSE OF TESTING  AND INVESTIGATIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  23 5.2 AUTHORITY TO TEST ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  23 5.3 EVENT TESTING  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................  24 5.4 TESTING REQUIREMENTS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  24 5.5 ATHLETE WHEREABOUTS INFORMATION  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  24 5.6 RETIRED ATHLETES  RETURNING TO COMPETITION  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  26 5.7 INDEPENDENT OBSERVER PROGRAMME  ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................  27 ARTICLE 6   ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  27 6.1 USE OF ACCREDITED , APPROVED LABORATORIES  AND OTHER LABORATORIES  ................................ ................................ ...... 27 6.2 PURPOSE OF ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES  AND DATA ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  27 6.3 RESEARCH ON SAMPLES  AND DATA ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................  27 6.4 STANDARDS FOR SAMPLE  ANALYSIS AND REPORTING  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 28 6.5 FURTHER ANALYSIS OF  SAMPLES  PRIOR TO OR DURING RESULTS MANAGEMENT  ................................ ................................ .... 28 6.6 FURTHER ANALYSIS OF  A SAMPLE  AFTER IT HAS BEEN REPORTED AS NEGATIVE OR HAS OTHERWISE NOT RESULTED IN AN ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATION  CHARGE  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  28 6.7 SPLIT OF A OR B SAMPLE  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  28 6.8 WADA S RIGHT TO TAKE POSSESSION OF SAMPLES AND DATA ................................ ................................ .........................  28 ARTICLE 7   RESULTS MANAGEMENT :       RESPONSIBILITY, INITIAL REVIEW, NOTICE AND PROVISIONAL SUSPENSION            ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  29  FIS Anti -Doping Rules  page  4 Edition January 2021  7.1 RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONDUCTING RESULTS MANAGEMENT  ................................ ................................ ............................  29 7.2 REVIEW AND NOTIFICATION REGARDING POTENTIAL ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS ................................ ...........................  30 7.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PRIOR ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS  ................................ ................................ .............................  31 7.4 PROVISIONAL SUSPENSIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......  31 7.5      RESULTS MANAGEMENT DECISIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  32 7.6 NOTIFICATION OF  RESULTS MANAGEMENT DECISIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 33 7.7      RETIREMENT FROM SPORT  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  33 ARTICLE 8  RESULTS MANAGEMENT: R IGHT TO A FAIR HEARING  AND NOTICE OF HEARING DECISION  ...............  33 8.1 FAIR HEARINGS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................  33 8.2 NOTICE URTHER  OF DECISIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 34 8.3 WAIVER OF HEARING  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  34 8.4 SINGLE HEARING BEFORE CAS ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 35 ARTICLE 9  AUTOMATIC DISQUALIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL RESULTS  ................................ ................................  35 ARTICLE 10  SANCTIONS ON INDIVIDUALS  ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  35 10.1 DISQUALIFICATION  OF RESULTS IN THE EVENT  DURING WHICH AN ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATION OCCURS  ...............................  35 10.2 INELIGIBILITY FOR PRESENCE , USE OR ATTEMPTED USE, OR POSSESSION OF A PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR PROHIBITED METHOD .. 36 10.3 INELIGIBILITY  FOR OTHER ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS  ................................ ................................ ..............................  37 10.4 AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCES  WHICH MAY INCREASE THE PERIOD OF  INELIGIBILITY  ................................ ...........................  28 10.5 ELIMINATION OF THE PERIOD OF INELIGIBILITY  WHERE THERE IS NO FAULT  OR NEGLIGENCE  ................................ ...................  38 10.6 REDUCTION OF THE PERIOD OF INELIGIBILITY  BASED ON NO SIGNIFICANT FAULT  OR NEGLIGENCE  ................................ ............  39 10.7 ELIMINATION , REDUCTION , OR SUSPENSION OF PERIOD OF INELIGIBILITY OR OTHER  CONSEQUENCES FOR REASONS OTHER THAN FAULT  ............................................................................................................................. ............................................... 40 10.8 RESULTS MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  42 10.9 MULTIPLE VIOLATIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  44 10.10 DISQUALIFICATION  OF RESULTS IN COMPETITIONS  SUBSEQUENT TO SAMPLE  COLLECTION OR COMMISSION OF AN ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATION  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............................  45 10.11 FORFEITED PRIZE MONEY  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  46 10.1 2  FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 46 10.1 3 COMMENCEMENT OF INELIGIBILITY  PERIOD  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  46 10.1 4 STATUS DURING INELIGIBILITY  OR PROVISIONAL SUSPENSION  ................................ ................................ ..........................  48 10.1 5 AUTOMATIC PUBLICATION OF SANCTION  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  49 ARTICLE 11  CONSEQUENCES  TO TEAMS ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  49 11.1   TESTING  OF TEAMS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  49 11.2   CONSEQUENCES  FOR TEAMS ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 49 ARTICLE 12  SANCTIONS A BY FIS  AGAINST  OTHER  SPORTING BODIES  ................................ ................................ .. 50 ARTICLE 13  RESULTS MANAGEMENT: A PPEALS  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 52 13.1   DECISIONS SUBJECT TO APPEAL  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .