5.1.2  investigations shall be undertaken:    (a) in relation to atypical findings and adverse Passport findings, in accordance with Articles 7.4 and 7.5 respectively, gathering intelligence or evidence (including, in particular, analytical evidence) in order to determine whether an  anti-doping rule violation has occurred under Article 2.1 and/or Article 2.2; and    (b) in relation to other indications of potential anti-doping rule violations, in accordance with Articles 7.6 and 7.7, gathering intelligence or evidence (including, in particular, non-analytical evidence) in order to determine whether an  anti-doping rule violation has occurred under any of Articles 2.2 to 2.10.5.2 Scope of Testing  Any athlete  may be required to provide a Sample  at any time and at any place by any anti-doping organization  with testing  authority over him or her.