Results Management : The process encompassing the timeframe between notification as per Article 5  of the International Standard for Results Management , or in certain cases (e.g., Atypical Finding, Athlete Biological Passport , whereabouts failure ), such pre -notification steps expressly provided for in Article 5  of the International Standard  for Results Management , through the charge until the final resol ution of the matter, including the end of the hearing process at first instance or on appeal (if an appeal was lodged).