2021 IFA Anti -Doping Rules ( October  2020)  Page 11 of 65   If the Athlete or other Person rebuts the preceding presumption by  showing that a departure from the International Standard for Laboratories occurred which could reasonably have caused the Adverse Analytical Finding , then IFA shall have the burden to establish that such departure did not cause the Adverse Analytical  Finding .13  3.2.3  Departures from any other International Standard or other anti -doping rule or policy set forth in the Code or these Anti -Doping Rules shall not invalidate analytical  results  or other  evidence  of an anti-doping  rule violation,  and shall  not constitute a defense to an anti -doping rule violation;14 provided, however, if the Athlete or other Person establishes that a departure from one of the specific International  Standard  provisions  listed  below  could  reasonably  have  caused  an anti -doping rule violation based on an Adverse Analytical Finding or whereabouts failure, then IFA shall have the burden to establish that such departure did not cause the Adverse Analytical Finding or the whereabouts f ailure:   (i) a departure from the International Standard for Testing and Investigations  related  to Sample  collection  or Sample  handling  which could  reasonably  have  caused  an anti-doping  rule violation  based  on an Adverse Analytical Finding , in which case IFA s hall have the burden to establish that such departure did not cause the Adverse Analytical  Finding ;  (ii) a departure  from  the International  Standard  for Results  Management or International Standard for Testing and Investigations related to  an Adverse Passport Finding which could reasonably have caused an anti -doping rule violation, in which case IFA shall have the burden  to establish that such departure did not cause the anti -doping rule violation;   (iii) a departure  from  the International  Standard  for Results  Manage ment related to the requirement to provide notice to the Athlete of the B Sample  opening  which  could  reasonably  have  caused  an anti-doping rule violation based on an Adverse Analytical Finding , in which case IFA shall have the burden to establish that such  departure did not cause the Adverse Analytical  Finding ;15  13   [Comment to Article 3.2.2: The burden is on the Athlete or other Person to establish, by a balance of probability, a departure from the International Standard for Lab oratories that could reasonably have caused the Adverse Analytical Finding.