           TUG OF WAR  INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION  (TWIF)  ANTI -DOPING RULES          Adopted on 18th December  2020  Come into force  on 1 January 2021               TWIF  2021 Anti -Doping Rules  v1 Page 2 of 67   TABLE OF CONTENTS   INTRODUCTION  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  3 ARTICLE 1  DEFINITION OF DOPING  ................................ ................................ ................................ .......  5 ARTICLE 2  ANTI -DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS  ................................ ................................ ......................  5 ARTICLE 3  PROOF OF DOPING  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  9 ARTICLE 4  THE PROHIBITED LIST  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  11 ARTICLE 5  TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS  ................................ ................................ ......................  16 ARTICLE 6  ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 21 ARTICLE 7  RESULTS MANAGEMENT : RESPONSIBILITY, INITIAL REVIEW, NOTICE AND PROVISIONAL  SUSPENSIONS  ................................ ................................ ..........................  23 ARTICLE 8  RESULTS MANAGEMENT : RIGHT TO A FAIR HEARING AND NOTICE OF HEARING DECISION  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............................  26 ARTICLE 9  AUTO MATIC DISQUALIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL RESULTS  ................................ ..... 29 ARTICLE 10  SANCTIONS ON INDIVIDUALS  ................................ ................................ ...........................  29 ARTICLE 11  CONSEQUENCES  TO TEAMS  ................................ ................................ ............................  42 ARTICLE 12  SANCTIONS BY TWIF AGAINST OTHER SPORTING BODIES  ................................ ..... 43 ARTICLE 13  RESULTS MANAGEMENT : APPEALS  ................................ ................................ .............  44 ARTICLE 14  CONFIDENTIALITY AND REPORTING  ................................ ................................ ..............  48 ARTICLE 15  IMPLEMENTATION OF DECISIONS  ................................ ................................ ...................  52 ARTICLE 16  STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................  53 ARTICLE 17  EDUCATION  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  54 ARTICLE 18  ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF NATIONAL FEDERATIONS  .......  54 ARTICLE 19  ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF TWIF  ................................ .............  55 ARTICLE 20  ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ATHLETES  ................................ ... 55 ARTICLE 21  ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ATHLETE  SUPPORT PERSONNEL  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........................  56 ARTICLE 22  ADDITIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF OTHER PERSONS  SUBJECT TO THESE ANTI -DOPING RULES  ................................ ................................ ............................  56 ARTICLE 23  INTERPRETATION OF THE CODE  ................................ ................................ .....................  57 ARTICLE 24  FINAL PROVISIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  57 APPENDIX 1  DEFINITIONS  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........................  60   TWIF  2021 Anti -Doping Rules  v1 Page 3 of 67    TWIF  ANTI -DOPING RULES  INTRODUCTION  Preface   These Anti -Doping Rules are adopted and implemented in accordance with TWIF 's responsibilities under the Code , and in furtherance of TWIF 's continuing efforts to eradicate doping in sport.