2  2.1.2   Sufficient proof of an anti -doping rule violation under Article 2.1 is established by any of the following: presence of a Prohibited  Substance  or its Metabolites  or   TWIF shall ensure that, as per Article 19 of these Anti -Doping Rules, any arrangements with their Executive Committee , board members, directors, officers, and specified employees and volunteers , as well as with the Delegated Third Parties and their employees – either employment, contractual or otherwise – have explicit provisions incorporated according to which such Persons are bound by, agree to comply with these Anti -Doping Rules, and agree on  the TWIF’s authority to solve the anti -doping cases.]