15  [Comment to Article 3.2.3: Departures from an International Standard or other rule unrelated to Sample collection or handling, Adverse Passport Finding, or Athlete notification relating to whereabouts failure or B Sample opening – e.g., the International Standard  for Education, International Standard for the Prote ction of Privacy and Personal Information or International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions ( TUEs ) – may result in compliance proceedings by WADA but are not a defense in an anti -doping rule violation proceeding and are not relevant on the i ssue of whether the Athlete committed an anti -doping rule violation.