sights and sounds. they have free access to water when they are out of the crate, so drink as much as is needed. i also only feed on schedule so they relieve themselves on a schedule. at that age it would be 3-4 times a day and they are still nursing. by the time they go to new homes after 8 weeks of age, they can eat 3 times a day. then after we play a while, the pups go back in the crate for a nap. then we repeat as needed throughout the day. if it is cool out, sometimes i may let them nap outside in a covered 