What is a "Starched Rug," and Why is this Procedure Done?
A starched rug is basically a carpet which has undergone a corrective procedure to fix irregularties such as a curvature of a piece, or a rug with one end narrower than the other. In this process, the rug is soaked in water, then stretched onto a bed of needles (in the practice known as blocking), after which the rug is then subjected to the starch treatment. This starch treatment makes the new shape of the rug rigid, so it may be removed from the blocking setup yet maintain its newly formed shape. Starch itself is in essence a thin viscosity glue which dries and reinforces the desired result.
The objective of weavers in general is to weave a straight and true rug right off the loom. While weavers don't necessarily use the process of bedding and starching a rug as a "crutch" to rely upon, it certainly helps accomplish the task of correcting inconsistencies which otherwise may not have been seen until after the rug is cut from the loom.
Adding starch has an adverse affect on one "quality measure" as noted by many rug purists. That is, the desire to see a rug which is as sharp design-wise and color-wise on both the front and the reverse sides. However, in the case of a rug which has been subject to heavy starching practice, you will note the reverse side as having a convoluted back, and also feel the rug is stiffer, rougher and especially abrasive to the touch. In some select areas around the perimeter of the carpet, you may also note small punched holes with the appearance of a small bit of rust surrounding them. These marks are from the nails which the carpet had been stretched upon. More often than not, this process is applied to runners with lengths exceeding 15' of today's imports, although can be found in almost any size rug.
Compared in the photographs below are both starched and un-starched rugs of the same design, origin and condition.
Below: the reverse side of an un-starched (Normal) carpet showing a true and sharp back as should be expected.
Below: the reverse side of a carpet which has been subjected to starching practices. Notice the clear difference in coloring, which are significantly more subdued, and lack the clarity of the carpet above.
Below: The reverse side of a Normal Rug up close. Notice again the tight knotting and clear design. Colors are rich, true and healthy.
Below: The reverse side of a starched carpet. As opposed to the rug as photographed above, this rug has less clarity, and colors are not as energetic as they were intended to be. The back of the rug is also very abrasive due to the application of glue. Note the green arrow which shows the mounting point of a nail, which run along the perimeter of the rug. This is due to the blocking technique which is used in conjunction to the starching practice. The rust around this hole is due to the oxidation which had occurred while the rug had been resting on the bed of nails for stretching.
Below: The reverse side of a rolled, normal rug.
Below: The reverse side of a starched rug. Again, note the color differences, and also the additional mounting points which the green arrows show.
Is Starching a Rug an Acceptable Practice?
It is an acceptable practice in the sense that it meets the needs of the Western markets to have straight rugs, however, from the perspective of a rug purist, starched rugs are certainly not considered the "cream of the crop," but they're not quite seen as a "seconds good" either. Some would venture to say that if a rug has not been corrected properly, it would be considered a "seconds good." However, some rugs are starched so heavily, they certainly lose one of the most important characteristics of a hand knotted rug: To determine (when looking at the back of a carpet) that the design is as sharp on the front as it is on the back.
What Happens to a Starched Carpet That Has Been Washed?
In regards to the washing of starched rugs, it completely depends upon how good of a job the weavers did with correcting the problem as well as the types of application used. As stated above, the rug is set on a bed of needles, wetted, stretch ed, then starched. However, depending also on the severity of the problem and the length of time it had been set for, you never know if post usage washing will render this procedure as being "secure" or not. The more thorough and slower the process, the better. Often rugs which have mild shape problems can be fixed with a simple wetting and stretching repeated maybe one or two times, although often the case is that starching accelerates the process for mildly affected rugs foregoing the repeating process, and simply jumping to a quicker, final, solution. Rugs with severe curve or irregularities, weavers may find the need for starching as the only option.
My Rug has an Abrasive Back, But Doesn't Show Signs of Glue!
There are other instances where you may encounter a hard or stiffer back to a rug without the visual presence of starching. This can be attributed to torching methods which are mainly used to facilitate the previously mentioned "quality measure" of having the rug appear as sharp on the back as it is on the front. The torching method is used to literally burn away loose wool fibers from the knots woven, which often can muddle the appearance of sharp, tight knots on the back of the rug. There are instances where a carpet has been subject to too hard of a torching application, which subsequently dries the wool giving it a coarser feel. One way to see this is in some of the newer imports with hard twisted wool for example. If you look very carefully, not only can you see the remnants of singed fibers, but you can also smell the burned hair if you get close enough to the rug: Literally put your nose to it.
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Data can be legally collected in bulk if it can be justified in the interests of national security, but safeguards must be put in place. While the case has no direct impact on United States intelligence gathering, the case could have a ripple effect because of the close connections between USA and UK intelligence and law enforcement organizations. "The decision sends a clear message that similar surveillance programs, such as those conducted by the NSA, are also incompatible with human rights", claimed ACLU attorney Patrick Toomey. Europe's human rights court is about to publish what could be a landmark ruling on the legality of mass surveillance. And the court did not find that the surveillance itself was illegal.
'Furthermore, there were no real safeguards applicable to the selection of related communications data for examination, even though this data could reveal a great deal about a person's habits and contacts, ' the court statement said.
They wrote: "In view of the potential chilling effect that any perceived interference with the confidentiality of journalists' communications and, in particular, their sources might have on the freedom of the press, the Court found that the bulk interception regime was also in violation of article 10".
Judges voted six to one the effort by its intelligence agency GCHQ for obtaining data from communications providers was "not in accordance with the law", and there were "insufficient safeguards in respect of confidential journalistic material".
The parts of United Kingdom law that were found to be problematic by the Court are similar to aspects of the PATRIOT Act in the U.S. that have enabled the most controversial parts of USA mass surveillance. The scope for unrestricted snooping "could be capable of painting an intimate picture of a person" through mapping of social networks and communication patterns, browsing and location tracking, and understanding who a person is interacting with, the court said. "The Court recognizes how revealing metadata can be to people's lives", Toomey told Ars.
Mass surveillance in and of itself, however, was not found to be a violation of the charter.
"The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 replaced large parts of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (RIPA) which was the subject of this challenge", she said.
Civil liberties groups are set to continuing fighting a number of cases related to surveillance and while rulings have gone against the government, nothing has changed; the Investigatory Powers Act is still the same as it was in 2016 and the government doesn't look to be in any rush to alter it, despite these losses.
The government also argues that because the ruling focuses old legislation - the case was first brought about in 2013 - it doesn't necessarily apply to the current incarnation of surveillance law which was introduced at a later date.


I can eat it out of the jar.
Make my life easier and smush them into a loaf of peanut buttery goodness?
I made mine small because I ran out of peanut butter (and in the process messed up the sugar quantity, making the batter kind of bitter from the baking soda- hence the peanuts and sugar topping to balance the flavour) but it's technically a sandwich bread.
So make the full loaf, slice it like regular bread and make an amazing sandwich.
Try putting jam for peanut butter and jelly, or banana for a peanut butter and banana sandwich!
Even if you don't mess up the sugar quantity, I recommend adding the topping of some sugar and a few peanuts. It adds little pockets of solid peanut taste and a bit of a sweet crunch.
Cream together the peanut butter and sugar until well combined. In another bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, salt and cinnamon. Set aside.
Pour batter into greased loaf pan and bake for one hour. Let cool in pan for 10 minutes before turning out on a wire rack and cooling completely.


EDITORIAL: Overseas Pakistanis in crisis?
Oman has repatriated over 2,000 illegal Pakistanis in one month. These were people who had been smuggled across the Gulf by fraudulent travel agents and hidden in the Omani mountains with the promise that they would be ‘regularised’. Pakistanis have also returned from Qatar where once they outnumbered the Indians and sent in good remittances. Now their number is dwindling because Qatar prefers Indians to Pakistanis. Rules of immigration have been made strict, especially for Pakistanis, and what was ‘regularised’ in the past is firmly illegal now. What is happening?
Overseas Pakistanis once had easy entry into the United States. They went on tourist visas and did not come back. In some cases they earned their livelihood for years without being asked if they had a valid visa. A large number of them have now been compelled by circumstances to make an exodus from the United States, spreading out to neighbouring Canada or coming back to Pakistan. Sri Lanka, which still gives visas on landing, has caught scores of Pakistanis trying to use Sri Lanka as a launching pad for a flight to the West. As regulations have been made strict everywhere, they tend to get stranded in airports. Under pressure from the European Union the Sri Lankan government has begun putting such Pakistanis in jail and repatriating them in the most humiliating conditions.
Turkey has been the ‘frontline’ state for Pakistanis ‘trying their luck’ for Europe. The final destination was always the United Kingdom, but after laws of entry became tight there they tended to get stranded in France. This dammed-up fleeing population has been trickling into Belgium too. Across the sea from Turkey, Greece too has been a midway state where Pakistanis have stopped to become cheap sailors for Greek oil tankers. A large number of them have become permanently stuck in Italy too. This year, because of the changing attitude in host countries, a number of them have either got killed crossing from Turkey into Greece, or from Greece into what was formerly Yugoslavia. A number of them have been rounded up in Turkey and sent back.
Three trends are in evidence. There is stricter watch on Pakistanis trying to get in illegally. This was not the case in the past, and many Pakistanis abroad came to fall in the ‘regularised’ category. The other trend is to discriminate against the Pakistanis and force them to leave after duly ‘profiling’ them. In the case of Qatar, there is also the new trend of no longer opting to have Pakistanis for jobs in Qatar. In the UK, official reaction against an ill-integrating, protesting and, at times, fanatical Muslim population is slowly becoming evident. This is evident from Pakistanis living in the Middle East who phone in to express their views on TV channels and often express extremist views that host countries justifiably don’t like. For example, the Hizb al-Tahrir organisation of Arab origin, banned recently in Pakistan, is headed by a Pakistani-born British citizen in the UK; and the more extreme Al Muhajiroun, led by an Arab, Sheikh Bakri, has strong Pakistani-born second-echelon leadership.
Saalon ki aisi hi lagni chahiye!
Dimwits go overseas and spread their crap all around. Who wants such crappy folks?
Good that their own Muslim brethren are now looking at the Pakis with suspicion and kicking them out!
realise that Pakistanis are the scum spreading fanaticism, they will have 9/11's on their own soil.
This is the editorial of a Pakistani news paper. if the dimwit pakis can understand the result of fanaticism, lets hope the equally dimwit europeans will soon too.
or rather a few months ago I had posted that Denmark which is a very open and liberal society decided to stop immigration for Pakistanis and other Arabs. They saw that these folks come to Denmark under 'political asylum' or 'persecution' cateogry and then soak up the welfare system.
Infact one poster for a election was shown with a little small white girl looking towards a big group of immigrants with the slogan to the effect - "Do you want your grandchild in this Denmark?"


This seems obvious, of course. But what does it mean to be reinforcing? It means that an item or activity can be determined to be a "reinforcer" only if, over time, the behavior it follows increases over time. A reinforcer is never defined as an item or activity, but only by whether it is associated with an increase in the targeted behavior.
This includes pairing items, activities and social praise with primary reinforcers, or previously established secondary reinforcers. Select items and activities that reflect areas of interest and that are age appropriate. These can be used incidentally to teach new skills as well as have the added benefit of not making the child stand out and potentially more accepted by his peers.
In order to prevent satiation of any particular reinforcing item or activity, parents and therapists should continually be working to add items to the list of potential reinforcers so that there will always be available options for reinforcement.
If a preferred item or activity is not given contingently, it will be extremely hard to build a relationship between targeted behaviors and reinforcers. Access to reinforcement outside of the target behavior contingency reduces the power of the reinforcer.
Immediacy teaches the correlation, the contingent relationship, between the response and the consequence. The child will learn to be sensitive to the differential consequence of a reinforced trial and a non-reinforced trial (attempt). Thus, reinforcement assists in the shaping of target behavior. Over time, the form of reinforcement can change too, for example, a token system, to allow delay of a tangible item or activity.
That is, both the frequency and form of the reinforcement should be faded over time to become more and more like the reinforcement schedule and form that will be found in the natural environment. That is to say, in the beginning, a reinforcement schedule is frequently on a 1:1 scale, and the feedback provided is explicit (e.g. "You touched 'car,' good job"). Over time, reinforcers can be given after variable rates of time (e.g. V/R 5min) and with generic praise ("Nice job"). It is important to keep in mind that fading reinforcement is a decision based on data, not on an arbitrary deadline. Remember to analyze reinforcement rates and types whenever you might encounter an increase in non-compliance, zoning or maladaptive behaviors. Your reinforcement schedule may need to be increased again in order to get behaviors under control.
While reinforcement schedules are dense at the beginning of therapy - while a child is learning to learn - this will not always be the case. In ABA therapy, we work to make the contrived learning environment more and more like the natural learning environment to assist the child in his ability to acquire skills more naturally. The more consistent the therapist and parent are in the application of reinforcers, the more consistent the child will be in emitting targeted responses.
In this intervention, the reinforcer is given when the behavior occurs at a higher rate than before. This intervention serves to increase desirable behaviors which decrease the amount of time available for inappropriate behaviors.
In this intervention, the reinforcer is given when the behavior occurs at a lower rate than before. This intervention serves to directly decrease the rate of inappropriate behaviors.
In this intervention, the reinforcer is given as long as the targeted inappropriate behavior does not occur or it is given in the absence of targeted behavior. This serves to directly decrease the inappropriate behavior.
In this intervention, the reinforcer is given when another more appropriate behavior is used or observed. This intervention serves to increase the appropriate behavior while decreasing the inappropriate behavior. Functional Communication Training (FCT) is one type of DRA intervention. DRA interventions are often used to teach replacement behaviors for challenging behaviors.


I was a little unsure about using of each of them, especial "it" and "that". When we are speaking of something then in the very next section we are referring to that matter. And this! I doubt that if I could use "this" for referring.
If you heat a bowl of water its temperature doesn't exceed 100 C in 1 atm. That is why use pressure cooker.
No, it's not logical if you're are thinking of the demonstrative usage of 'that'.
It's a completely different use of 'that'. It's an adverb of degree similar in meaning to 'so', but less formal. It has nothing to do with 'near' and 'far'.
I didn't know he had [so / that] much money.
I didn't know he was [so / that] rich.
I was surprised that she had [so / that] much patience.
I was surprised that she was [so / that] patient.
It's not [so / that] difficult. Try it.
There are a lot of black boxes in English.
Sort of, but not exactly! What I meant was the example of boiling water. I was thinking about "This" at the beginning of sentence which refers to something in the very previous expression. I think I got my answer that we cannot use "this" like that. Right?
youzou What I meant was the example of boiling water. I was thinking about "This" at the beginning of sentence which refers to something in the very previous expression. I think I got my answer that we cannot use "this" like that. Right?
Right, but it's not that you can't use it. After all, it is grammatically correct. It's just that it's not a good idea to use it because it's not very idiomatic. People rarely use "this" like that.
I am worried about getting married in old ages. I think that is caused by over-thinking about my age and regretting in future.
I am worried about getting married in old ages; this worry is probably caused by over-thinking about my age and regretting in future.
youzou I am worried about getting married in old ages. I think that is caused by over-thinking about my age and regretting in future.I am worried about getting married in old ages; this worry is probably caused by over-thinking about my age and regretting in future.
I'm worried about getting married too old. This worry is probably caused by thinking too much about my age and about what regrets I may have in the future.
No colons or question marks.
Thanks a lot dear CJ or Jim.
It means you are disappointed at my process? Or you think I am correct?
If that is true, could you please explain it to me? I do it by what I think (or sense) is correct, but I'm still in doubt.
CalifJim I'm worried about getting married too old. This worry is probably caused by thinking too much about my age and about what regrets I may have in the future.
Could you please explain it to me? I'm in doubt. I would choose "this" too. But I don't know the rule.
CalifJim No colons or question marks.
Why did you said "question marks"
I used colons in purpose to make two sentence more closer, but you answer told me that "this" even in those situations can be used.
And did you mean it is not necessary or I shouldn't use them?
(I saw you and others to use "thank in advance" at the end of a request. Is it only polite or formal? I see no emotion of being grateful, only respectfully thanking) Where should I use this phrase? Only at the bottom of requests?
I was reviewing sentences in my mind, and I just felt something about "it" and "this" or "that". When someone use "it" instead of "that". I feel he or she is on the upper level or have more power or is who ruling.
I have no idea if it is true or not. I just have a very vague feeling.
It is what I want to do.
Correct that "this" is better than "that" in that sentence above? Yes. But "that" would not be wrong.
youzou CalifJimI'm worried about getting married too old. This worry is probably caused by thinking too much about my age and about what regrets I may have in the future.Could you please explain it to me? I'm in doubt. I would choose "this" too. But I don't know the rule.
Here's a case of "< This", i.e., "this" pointing backwards. Maybe it happens this way more often than I originally thought.
youzou Why did you said say "question marks"
Because you asked if you should include them.
youzou did you mean it is not necessary or I shouldn't use them?
youzou I saw you and others to use "thank in advance" at the end of a request.
Others, maybe, but not me. Be aware that some people don't like that phrase "Thanks in advance". They prefer to see a post saying "Thank you" after they have answered the question.
youzou Where should I use this phrase?
You don't need to use that phrase at all. If you do use it, place it at the end of your original question.
Thanks at present, advance and whenever.
CalifJim Others, maybe, but not me.
So I guess you are slightly offensive/ironic in those posts. Right? You were expecting them to follow those rules.
CalifJim youzouWhy did you said say "question marks"
I don't know why I always make this (this or that?) sort of mistakes. I think I mixed up past simple and present perfect particles. I don't know why.
Correct Use Of THEM And THOSE?
'Those Were The Days' Mean?


At first blush, it does not look like an election-year budget.
It calls for almost $800 million in new taxes and rescinds the last phase of a popular income-tax cut. It cuts beloved programs for education and the arts. And it contains few new initiatives that can be used to embellish campaign literature.
Mr. Cuomo could have proposed no new taxes and maintained the last phase of the income-tax cut. But then he would have had to come up with more than $1 billion in spending cuts.
Or Mr. Cuomo could have raised taxes further to avoid spending cuts altogether. But that might have meant increasing the income or sales tax, which is dangerous in an election year.
A third choice would have been for Mr. Cuomo to rely even more heavily than he already is on the state's reserve funds. But a likely consequence of that move would have been to lower the state's credit rating, even now considered precarious, and to risk plunging the state into a fiscal crisis.
Mr. Cuomo, who is expected to run for a third term in November, said today that he was not concerned about abandoning the conventional wisdom on election-year budgets. Indeed, he insisted, political considerations played no part in his budget plans.
''I think the best thing you can do is tell them the truth,'' he said.
But despite Mr. Cuomo's protestations, his budget reveals a political motive: To avoid the kind of criticism he encountered last year when he proposed a budget that retained the income-tax cut, but at the expense, many of his traditional liberal supporters said, of the state's poorest residents.
''Last year what happened is he really left his base, or his perceived base - the unions, the day-care advocates, the affordable-housing advocates,'' Mr. Miller said. ''One year you can walk away from your constituency. But you can't do that again.'' Little Obvious Impact for Some Mr. Miller, a vocal critic of Mr. Cuomo's budget last year, has voiced reserved support for his proposal this year.
A close look at the budget proposal also shows why, despite immediate denunciations, it might encounter less criticism than might seem likely.
On the revenue side, while the budget calls for $800 million in new taxes and fees, most of those levies would have little obvious impact on the average New Yorker. One new fee, for example, would raise the cost of vanity license plates to $25, from $15. Another would impose a new $15 charge on applying for a pistol permit. A third would impose a 2 percent tax on ''S corporations,'' which pay personal income taxes rather than corporate taxes.
One of the few tax changes the Governor has proposed that will affect virtually every taxpayer is the suspension of the income-tax cut. That proposal is likely to be the focus of protracted protest this spring.
But even the suspension of the income-tax cut is not the kind of issue that necessarily seizes voters' imaginations. As Mr. Cuomo noted rather insistently, he is not proposing to raise taxes, just not to lower them. And as Mr. Cuomo also likes to note, many taxpayers do not even know the state's current income-tax rate.
On the expenditure side, the Governor's budget, while lean, is hardly spartan. Many programs received no increase over inflation, and many others suffered cuts. But the budget still contains big spending increases for prison construction, for foster care, for Medicaid and for drug treatment. It eliminates no major programs and calls for few layoffs. And while by one measure it increases spending by only 4.5 percent, by another equally acceptable measure it raises expenditures by a substantial 9.3 percent.
''To me the most perplexing thing is that the budget is up 9.3 percent and everyone is calling it austerity,'' one Republican legislative official said.
A sign that the budget is indeed an election-year proposal is its heavy reliance on nonrecurring, or one-shot, revenues, like reserve funds. The Cuomo administration has acknowledged its reliance on almost $1 billion in one shots, but many financial analysts suspect that tucked in the 800-page budget book are many million dollars more.
Although somber, Mr. Cuomo's revenue estimates also reveal what some analysts say is a degree of optimism explicable only as an election-year gamble.


1. I'm not quite sure about how the shape of the head speaks for sub-racial types. I mean, of course I know it is a very determining factor, but although I understand the size and the general shape of the head, I was wondering about the back of the head. Okay, to be more specific, some people have really straight napes, their head doesn't have a roundness to it at the back; and some people have this much more emphasized. Speaking of myself, the upper part of the back of my head is very round and it is much higher compared to where my nape is, and ends with a really thin neck. There's a very visible angle and curviness. So, what does a straight shape imply and what does a very round shape imply?
2. Okay the Caucasians race and the Blacks and the Asian race. Why is there a lot more variety in the eye and hair color and general facial features in the Caucasians and a lot less in the others? I mean, okay, of course Asians don't ALL look the same but the hair and eye color is the same, and they almost always have straight hair. The skin tone varies a lot in them but in general I think they look much more similar in themselves compared to the Caucasians. Same thing for the Blacks. If there is not a good admixture of "white" elements, light colored eyes or hair color other than dark brown or black is not seen. Why the limited variety?
BRACHYCEPHALIC (Gr. for short-headed), a term invented by Andreas Retzius to denote those skulls of which the width from side to side was little less than the length from front to back, their ratio being as 80 to 100, as in those of the Mongolian type. Thus taking the length as 100, if the width exceeds 80, the skull is to be classed as brachycephalic. The prevailing form of the head of civilized races is brachycephalic. It is supposed that a brachycephalic race inhabited Europe before the Celts.
DOLICHOCEPHALIC (long-headed), a term invented by Andreas Retzius to denote (as opposed to " brachycephalic ") those skulls the diameter of which from side to side, or the transverse diameter, is small in comparison with the longitudinal diameter or that from front to back. Retzius, though inventing the term, did not define it precisely. Paul Broca applied it to skulls having a cephalic index of seventy-five and under, and this limit is generally adopted.
MESOCEPHALIC, a term applied by anthropologists to those skulls which exhibit a cephalic index intermediate between the dolichocephalic and brachycephalic crania. Taking the longer diameter of a skull, i.e. the one from front to back, as 100, mesocephalic skulls are those of which the trans verse diameter varies between 75 to 80.
In answer to the back of the head, the area is called the Occupit.
Some groups have a tapering backhead (such as Nordics for example) while others have rounded occupits (such as Meds for example).
at the top, where it is marked as "b" I have a small rise after that area and then it goes down to the area marked "l" with an apparent angle, forming a small round shape at the occupit. To the back of my neck, it continues down with the round shape, not getting flat at all, like you said, my occupit is jutting out from my nape as well, there's definitely a clear angle there. But as for "tapering", it's also there. and very visibly, if I got it right.


What version of BSD is in Tiger?
I am surprised no one, not even Apple has discussed what version of BSD is in Tiger. Anyone know?
I Think it's version 5, but like you, I have not really heard any mention of it, and I'm not quite sure.
There is no such thing as a version number for "BSD"... There never really was, it was a loose collection of hacks to Bell/AT&T's product of the time.
MacOS X's *nix layer is based on a number of different BSD derivatives, most prominently FreeBSD and OpenBSD. NeXT was more directly based on a old version of FreeBSD (with major changes), and there were a number of efforts to get the userland more in line with changes made in FreeBSD 4.9... but there is so much different in MacOS X that you can't simply say that "10.4 is BSD 5", such a statement is nonsensical.
Most of the *nix level work that has been publicized has been getting the command line tools like cp, mv, and the like to understand resource forks. There has also been a lot of movement of code (or ideas) from MacOS X into FreeBSD, like the whole KEXT structure that is being implemented in FreeBSD.
I guess http://www.freebsd.org/ , http://www.netbsd.org and http://www.openbsd.org/ never got the memo to stop version numbers.
The complete rewrite of the upper/lower layer locking mechanisms in FreeBSD 5.0+ must be chopped liver too. (Released last November). Something Apple has mentioned working on to help with the OS X beachballs.
Also the "nonsensicality" statement is incorrect as Apple touts command and Unix library compatibility with various FreeBSD version numbers. A VERY important trend to continue for those who port software across many UNIX platforms.
There is no 'BSD' project anymore, and it never really had much in the way of solid versioning. There are several *BSD variants, each of which has their own versioning number, and from each Apple takes bits and pieces.
To ask 'what version of BSD is under Tiger' is an incomplete question. 'Which versions of the various BSD projects have been pulled from to make the Darwin layer under Tiger?' would be a complete question. Yeah, one could extrapolate what the question poser *really* probably meant, but I think it's better to educate someone along the way, don't you?
FreeBSD 5 is probably the largest code base that they have used, and I know that they've worked hard to incorporate the latest userland changes in FreeBSD 5. I don't believe that NetBSD or OpenBSD have undergone such large changes recently.
I think the question is what version of Darwin is Tiger based on!
Apple always posts a new version of Darwin a few weeks after a new version of MacOS X goes out the door... so the answer is: a version not yet released.
Not in the least. You miss the mark as bad as karl does. Just because Cal Berkeley isn't in charge anymore doesn't mean the BSD projects are dead, just different. Darwin adapted/adapts components from all three, FreeBSD being the most prevalent in Darwin and actively developed by it's community. And all three are very solid in the versioning department if you want to use their default systems.
Well first off the response was to a poster who obfuscated the issue in the first place, secondly I did point towards the FreeBSD 5.0+ base. Restating the question might have made that a bit more explicit, but even without restating it does actually go most of the way to swagging an answer to Jared's Q.
I doubt it's a coincidence FreeBSD has spent several years as a project on fine-grained locking between upper/lower layers for the 5.x release series to be more relevant on n-way machines where n > 2; FreeBSD 5.3 finally having re-entrant network code (something OS X and Safari desperately needs); Apple touting finer grained funnels in Tiger's Darwin layer as a performance bottleneck reduction; Plus Jordan Hubbard working at Apple and keeping involved with FreeBSD.
NetBSD/OpenBSD both have point releases in the recent past/near future but nothing like the changes to FreeBSD 5.x.
Enough pontification that time around???
No, your statement was off the mark. It implied that I somehow didn't acknowledge that BDS derivative projects were ongoing, when I clearly mentioned two of them (by the way... MacOS X is not really getting anything from the NetBSD project, which is why I did not mention them, or Dragonfly, or...).
The whole point of my posting was that saying "MacOS X is version 5 BSD" is a nonsensical statement... even if it is in the marketing materials that it is similar to FreeBSD 5. Primarily because you have to be much more specific than "BSD" (a project that never had real version numbers), and secondly because it is normally implies that you can install any source packages from the distribution... which is patently false. Further, even substituting "FreeBSD" misleads the casual person into thinking that the structures (either kernal or directory... or even user management) are similar... which they are not.
Then you ride in with a posting saying how FreeBSD (versions 4.11-5.3), OpenBSD (3.7), and NetBSD (2.0) somehow proves me wrong.. implying therefore that MacOS X is BDS 5... Is that the logic that we are supposed to believe? No. you just completely misinterpreted the whole conversation.
Oh... and the non-sequiter about the changes in FreeBSD 5.3's kernel layer tend to strengthen my argument about trying to attach a "BSD" version number MacOS X. While the big picture ideas may be the same, and the players might even be the same, the structures are very different. And the implication that removing spin-locks from the kernel layer is going to significantly improve Safari performance makes me question whether you really know what those changes are about.
Try this one: what numerical version of Unix does Tiger use?
Same thing. It's a question that requires a lot of explaining to answer, ie, an incomplete question.
Kickaha, there is a place for precision, and a place for generalization. But over-precision never gets the job done, it just wastes bits and bandwidth. And OS X does not use any flavor of UNIX, that would be a breach of trademark. It's only based on UNIX-like systems. I think the "Based on UNIX" badge trademark fight is still outstanding and Apples main point is the term UNIX is now generic, like kleenex (as opposed to Kleenex which is a brand). There did that help anything. I think not.
Why don't we drop the alpha geek pedantics, it's easy to squeeze the frame of a situation so tight that no other viewpoints could possibly fit. And still we have nothing has said in direct contravention of my reasoned speculation on what will be the baseline BSD layer compatibility. And that's all it is, speculation, nothing really worth getting undies in a bundle over.
The point stands. Unix has forked multiple times over the years to the point where the only thing that means anything any more called 'Unix' is a silly trademark, and that's it. There is no 'Unix project'. Likewise, there is no 'BSD project'. Asking which version of either is in Tiger is equally meaningless. Yes, you bet you can extrapolate what the person asking probably meant... and even give a reasonable answer. But I fail to see why clarifying the situation is being an alpha geek when it is simply lending precision to the discussion, and educating the person asking.
Karl's answer was direct, to the point, and illuminating. I'm sorry if you have a problem with that sort of communication. I certainly don't see the justification to try and argue that it is somehow inappropriate, particularly when it was delivered in a neutral and even tone, as Karl did. Frankly, we need more posts like that around here, and a lot less posing.
As for wasting bits and bandwidth, pretty much everything after Karl's initial response in this thread has been a waste.
I'm just nit-picking, but wasn't FreeBSD originally based on Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite?
Don't bother, facts are useless. The bunker mentality has commenced.


How to use Search in DOS mode?
Suppose your Windows Search does not work due to some virus or malware, then how would you search for a file or folder? DOS Search is a very good utility provided by Microsoft. You will have to run the command prompt ( Start -> Run -> command) and using the following command.
C:\> dir C: /s | find "tech"
The above command searches for all files and folders in C: drive which contain "tech" in their names. The output may be something like this.
The first column is Date of Modification of file or folder, second column is size in bytes and last one is the name of file or folder.
The above command is an example only. You can use other switches with this command. Or also you can get help using dir /? Command.
For example the following command searches for files and folders with name "tech" but displays the last access date instead of date of modification.
C:\> dir /s /t:a | find "tech.


National Testing Service NTS is the commanding body to conduct the written test , screening test to examine the candidates whose apply for the jobs and admission, They have two different type of test to examine the candidates One is Admission Test and Second is Jobs test. But now we will talk about the jobs test because our point is now KPK Educators Jobs 2019 NTS Test, So we will explain it. Recently KPK Education department has announced jobs for educators and they have authorized to the NTS National testing service to collect the application form then evaluate then and set the short listed candidates lists and then they commence the Test and arrange the merit lists for the hiring of Educators jobs 2019 this year.
So Now NTS has announced its schedule of the test for NTS KPK Educators jobs 2019 Written Test. and They are collecting the application forms online, So remember all the candidates that you must fill the online form carefully because mistakes will not be accepted and your application can be rejected. So after the filling form you must tally it with your original testimonials and verified that information that you entered is correct then you submit the application form online. After the One of the major question that how to prepare the NTS Test and this question generate a new question that is (what will be the pattern of test or what is the syllabus).
So we are going going to answer your all the questions. Because here we are providing the online test preparations and those test will be made according to the NTS Syllabus and Pattern. we will try our best to provide you past papers for the KPK Educators Jobs 2019 NTS Test. Syllabus Past Papers Mcqs Subject wise are provided that are following.
In case of any query about NTS Test Educators Jobs 2019 or any other careers options you can contact with us in our feedback system because we will help you as much we can.


Vegas GM George McPhee didn't allow a 44-year friendship to stand in the way of building a strong expansion team and acquiring Nate Schmidt.
LAS VEGAS — Nate Schmidt is the Vegas Golden Knights’ top defenseman because general manager George McPhee didn’t allow a 44-year friendship stand in the way of building a strong expansion team.
Once the Washington Capitals were informed McPhee wanted to take Schmidt from them in the expansion draft, Washington general manager Brian MacLellan called to ask if the Golden Knights would take someone else.
"I said, 'I don’t there’s (anything you can do),' " McPhee said. " 'I don’t see anything, but we’ll try to come up with something to give you a chance to say no.' So we would make a proposal that I didn’t think would work, and it didn’t work."
What made the discussion interesting is the fact that McPhee’s friendship with MacLellan went back to their days as bantam players in Guelph, Ontario. They won a national championship as junior teammates.
"I remember when we talked about players as kids, (MacLellan) seemed to have a good read on players," McPhee said.
PREDICTIONS: Who will win their first Stanley Cup title?
They were also college teammates at Bowling Green. In 2001, McPhee hired MacLellan as a scout in Washington.
MacLellan called the negotiations about Schmidt short and concise.
"It was businesslike," MacLellan said.
McPhee said the reason why he shot for the moon on the negotiations was that his management team really wanted Schmidt, a fast skater with an infectious personality.
"It’s not (like this had anything to do with our) relationship in total, where you’re talking as friends or somebody you’ve grown up with. It wasn’t that at all. It was pure business," MacLellan said.
Added McPhee: "Because our guys liked Schmidt, we overreached on the ask, that’s the way it went."
He’s also a high-energy, entertaining personality, much-appreciated with his current and former teams.
"He obviously has a lot of energy," said Washington defenseman Brooks Orpik, who played with Schmidt last season. "He’s fun and over an 82-game schedule you need guys like that. You come in and you are feeling tired and you see him and you don’t feel tired anymore."
He can move the puck, and he has made himself into a noteworthy one-on-one defensive player. Schmidt has a very active stick when he defends.
That’s why Vegas wanted him and Washington tried to keep him, neither group guessing that they would end up playing each other in the Stanley Cup Final starting Monday (8 p.m. ET on NBC).
"This is just another chapter in this crazy book that is our season," McPhee said. "We texted a little bit. We talked yesterday. It’s gone this way and it’s hard to believe, but we’ll enjoy it. It beats some of the jobs we had as kids."


Handbags Replica TL;DR: smoother transition from livestock to farming ecoBecause by the time the sheep runs out the farming villagers will have collected some amount of food from the farms. The sheep will also last longer, which means you have more wood by the time it finished and replica bags philippines wholesale you can send more of the shepherds to farms.If you sent all villagers to sheep, you have the sheep end faster, and after replica bags online uae that you have only 2 vills able to farm, the rest would go to wood. You can do just 1 farm at 21 pop scouts and have 5 on sheep instead.An Old school pro player Hassan back when he played and did fast feudal into scouts never seeded a single farm until horse collar was done Handbags Replica.


Turn your head into a cascade of curls with these instructions.
Step 1: Prepare your hair Start with hair that hasn't been washed for a day or two -- the curls hold better that way. Plug in your hot rollers.
Step 2: Roll up the top Starting with the hair on the top center of your head, closest to your forehead, wrap one-inch sections of hair around each roller, rolling it back away from the face, from ends to roots, and secure with a clip. Continue until the center strip of your scalp is done, like a Mohawk.
TIP: If your rollers come in different sizes, use the biggest ones for the top of your head, the middle ones on the side, and the smallest ones on the bottom pieces.
Step 3: Wrap the sides Wrap the hair on each side of your head, angling the rollers vertically to create spiral curls.
Step 4: Gather bottom pieces Use the remaining rollers on the bottommost layers of hair. Lightly spray your entire head with hair spray.
TIP: No hot rollers? Use Velcro rollers, and give each one a five-second blast of hot air from your dryer after you roll it into the hair to set. Leave them in for about 15 minutes.
Step 5: Wait until they're cool Wait until the hot rollers are completely cool -- about 20 minutes -- before carefully removing them.
Step 6: Finger-style Gently arrange the curls with your fingertips; then freeze the desired style with hair spray. If the curls are too tight, run a wide-tooth comb through them to loosen.
FACT: In 2009, Australian medical researchers discovered the gene that influences whether people of European descent have curly or straight hair.


Some people hold the Christian bible to be infallible and literally true, an incontrovertible source of certain truth. I wouldn't quite go that far myself. Henry Morris, a prominent creationist and intellectual snake oil salesman, opined that the Creator of the entire universe could scarcely be mistaken about the date of its creation. I dunno. I discover myself saying every so often, "I did that?", and "I said that?". If I, the possesor of a modest and finite mind, have a certain capacity for absent mindedness and forgetfulness, then He who has the greatest of all minds, an infinite intellect, ought to have a correspondingly greater capacity for absent mindedness and forgetfulness, being, so to speak, perfect in His imperfections. I suppose that this theory is theologically unsound. It's a pity, though; it would explain so much.
Certain captious critics are wont to point to various passages in the Bible as evidences of imperfection and even outright error. One such passage is the classification of animals that chew their cud. A number of animals such as cattle are ruminants; they eat grass, partially digest it, bring it back up a wad of partially digested vegetable, chew on it a while, and swallow it again. According to the passage in question, rabbits are among the animals that chew their cud.
It turns out, however, that they aren't. Rabbits are sometimes classified as coprophages; however that also isn't quite right. (Coprophages are dung eaters. You probably didn't want to know that.) The deal is this: Rabbits are vegetarians (exceptions in Monty Python movies duly noted) that eat stuff like grass. The trouble with grass and such like food sources is that they take a lot of digesting, both chemical and mechanical. Nature's vegetarians have evolved a lot of tricks to rework partially digested food. Thus the ruminants that chew their cud.
Rabbits have their own trick; they wrap the partially digested material in a membrane, excrete it as a little pellet, pick it up, swallow it, and run it through the digestive system again. They don't actually chew that pellet, nor is it dung.
In short, though rabbits may eat kudzu, they aren't part of the cud zoo.
For the most part I haven't been reading much of late. I did read the new Harry Potter book and the novelization of the latest Star Wars movie. Both are rather better than their predecessors; Rowlings has the great advantage of not having to account for Lucas's dialog and plots. I reread "Anatomy of Programming Languages", quite a nice little book if you're into that sort of thing. I've started on Steven J. Gould's "The Hedgehog, the fox, and the magister's pox". It's a good read, but then his books always are. "Poker Face" is an interesting autobiographical book by Katy Lederer, sister of Howard Lederer and Annie Duke, stars of the television poker world. Katy tried her hand at professional poker, and settled for being a poet instead. Wise woman.
At the moment I am building bookcases, three of them to be exact. This isn't a trivial project; these are floor to ceiling bookcases, each one four foot wide, built out of solid oak. (Actually, the backs are plywood with oak veneer.) I had not previously appreciated how expensive real wood is; no wonder good furniture is expensive. Most furniture these days is made out of plywood and particle board with little bits of veneer on them for show. Walmart, bless its capitalistic, exploitive soul, will sell you a six foot tall book case (some assembly required) for about thirty dollars. They're made out of veneered particle board with cardboard backs. They're serviceable enough though the shelves have a tendency to sag. I'm replacing three of these wonders with my do-it-yourself attempts at fine furniture. The new bookcases will have twice the shelf space of the ones that they replace, shelf space badly needed at Chez Harter. The old book cases have been exported to my office where they provide utility shelving, holding sundry computer supplies and stack of unread copies of Nature and Science. I'm nervous about how it will all work out - I've never tackled anything quite this ambitious in the line of woodworking before, but I've been assured by Our Lady of The Large Black Dog that it will all be wonderful.
As of this writing the first is completed and is ready to be installed as soon as I clean the floor where it goes and repaint the wall that will be behind it. It is quite handsome, albeit with numerous small flaws that I fondly hope that no one will notice. It has been a learning experience.
For years they have been telling us that coffee is bad for us. For years I have been ignoring them. I am an 8-10 cups a day coffee drinker, always have been, and likely always will be (my master plan to live forever hasn't hit any snags so far). Now they tell us that coffee is actually good for us, that it is a valuable source of anti-oxidants. Ha! I knew it all along.
Many years ago I walked through Stonehenge. A few years later they closed it to the public. Sometime in the 90's I climbed the steps of the pyramid at Chichen Itza; they closed it to the public the next year. A dozen years ago I spent a week in New Orleans, recently destroyed by Katrina. Do you see a pattern here?


How come models have to tall what about short people?
Tallness is associated with power and intimidation - even if it's not always true, it still gives that impression. In general, society has always found tallness to be an attractive feature.
I have read a statistic somewhere that tall people in general earn more money for the same job as a small person - being tall stands for success, discipline, power and people expect more of them in the workplace. I am 1,8m tall and still try to find the workplace where I get paid more Clothes just look better on a tall model than on a small one.
I'm a 6' tall female and I completely believe that being taller gives you an edge. I work in a VERY male oriented career and being eye level with guys is certainly helpful.
Logically I think its because you can live and be thin on 1200-1400 calories if you are tall. If you are 5 foot its not going to be quite so easy to stay thin at that. Plus the visual elegance of height. If gives a feeling. Think of any painting you saw a small square of and then saw the full size in person. Its like it wraps around you and embraces you instead of just looking at it. Its really only the high fashion that needs them tall. Its all about the shows' artistic impact to create a dreamy fantasy like feeling around the line. Extremes mean impact. Average is ignored. It does not blow people away to see what they see everyday.
Aren't most swimsuit models shorter?
Logically I think its because you can live and be thin on 1200-1400 calories if you are tall. If you are 5 foot its not going to be quite so easy to stay thin at that.
1200-1400 calories a day is not that much, even for someone short to average in height. The average adult female is supposed to consume 2000 calories. I'm 5ft and weigh 100 lbs at the moment (which is fairly thin, my waist is still about 26 inches) - according to livestrong.com (based on my height, age, current weight and activity level which is pretty much zero at the moment) I need to consume 1585 calories just to maintain that weight. So 1200-1400 calories would be exactly what I'd consume if I was trying to lose weight and be even thinner. Unless I started exercising, in which case I may not even need to eat less calories. So I can only imagine that 1200-1400 calories for someone who is taller than average would be very unhealthy and not enough calories even for someone who wants to be thin.
Of course it does depend on one's metabolism, activity level and also what formula is being used to calculate the daily intake needed based on height, weight and activity level - but in general, I think you're greatly underestimating the amount of calories a human body needs.
That said, exact numbers aside, I do agree that it's easier for someone who is tall to consume the same amount of calories of someone shorter and not gain weight/be thinner. Taller people need more calories so by logic, they should be able to eat more calories and still be thin.
I did not notice that taller people are usually thinner than smaller. I am tall and I am hungry all day and gain weight immediately. I don't think there is a difference to shorter people.


With the various winter holidays come lots of gifts, and with lots of gifts come lots of privacy concerns. Have no fear, though! There are ways to shore up your defenses, so to speak.
We tried to find a picture of a fox in a tank. You know, defensive. We’re rolling with it.
Our Pals at Mozilla have issued their second annual *privacy not included guide to the season’s more popular tech-centric gifts, with categories such as ‘Can it spy on me?’ and ‘Can I control it?’ to help folks figure out the privacy particulars of their devices.
First course of action when you get a fancy pants new tech toy is to pay attention to all those permissions it’s going to ask you the fist time you fire it up. Are you really going to be using that new thing for phone call? If the answer is ‘No, literally no one actually calls anyone anymore’ then don’t say yes if it asks for access to your contacts. Take those permission requests one at a time and actually think about if it’s necessary.
Settings, settings, settings After your thing is all set up and dazzling you with its bells and whistles, take the time to do a deep dive through the settings. Default settings will be skewed to the manufacturer’s preference, not yours. Do a bit of Googling and figure what you can change, and how.
Happy Holidays, and if all else fails just take the batteries out and use your device as an expensive paperweight.
TL;DR As of August 15, 2018, we sell only proxy services in China, not VPN. Available services are HTTP/HTTPS proxy servers, SSL proxy servers, and SOCKS5. This goes against our core values of uncensoring the internet, but two of our employees are at risk.
Normally in a blog post, we come at you with a little snark and a bit of humor. That’s not going to happen this time around, because the topic deserves a serious tone.
Internet censorship is something that many people are aware of, but haven’t directly experienced for themselves. For some, it’s limited to the annoyance of geo-location blocks keeping them from watching their favorite foreign shows or keeping up with sports teams back home.
However, censorship goes so much further than that, and has real world consequences for many.
A year ago, in August 2017, China announced a ban on VPN companies selling VPN service. Enforcement was to begin in February 2018. At FoxyProxy, we weren’t immediately affected, even though others were arrested and even sentenced to 9 months in prison: it seemed like enforcement would focus on Chinese developers of VPN mobile apps intended for the domestic Chinese market.
Earlier this week, one of our vendors had their office raided by the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) after the CAC detected VPN services on servers hosted by that vendor.
The office was raided, the servers were taken, business shuttered, and the owners are being interrogated and charged.
One of our employees is a Chinese national living in America who, along with another employee, makes yearly trips to visit family back home. A recent trip included a visit to the office of the now defunct vendor, where tea and hospitality was enjoyed.
Our employees are now wondering – will they be able to visit home again? Will they be detained or questioned by Chinese immigation? Will their family be harassed by authorities? These are all very real questions being faced.
We must do everything to protect our employees, even when it goes against our core mission to provide uncensored internet across the globe.
We have other vendors in China. We received a notice from one of them yesterday, warning us to disable VPN services on our servers. It’s unclear why this vendor was not harassed to same extent by the CAC.
In any case, we have decided to discontinue VPN services in China at this time, as the risks are too great to real life people involved. Hopefully this is just a temporary setback, and if things go well we will be able to provide VPN service again. Proxy services in China are unaffected. As usual, we will continue to offer HTTP/HTTPS proxy servers, SSL proxy servers, and SOCKS5 proxy service in China. Such service is not illegal in China.
We are offering pro-rated refunds or credit to anyone with FoxyProxy VPN service in China who does not want to use proxy services. Thank you for understanding – please wish luck to our Chinese American employees and the affected vendor.
Something you may not know about us is that we love filling custom orders. If the country you need isn’t listed among the 96 we currently offer, let us know and we’re going to do our best to get a server there for you!
Recently, we added three new countries to our list, all from client requests. We’ve been in business for 12 years (that equals about 35 years in ‘Tech company years’) because we pride ourselves on delivering what our customers need.
Do you have a special request? Get in touch!
Check out our newest server locations below!
Kyrgyzstan is home to astounding natural beauty, millennia of history, and legendarily hospitable people.
Réunion is a French owned island to the east of Madagascar. Full of volcanic mountains and a rainforested interior, this little paradise is perfect for a getaway.
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Ready to book your trip yet?
Yes, You’re Being Listened To and Recorded.
It’s no secret that smart home devices and personal assistants such as Alexa and Google Home record your voice when you give them commands. They do this for practical reasons, and it’s part of how they work so well.
While a lot of people just sort of accept that your web usage is being tracked, mined, and recorded (Unless you take steps to circumvent that) some folks are understandably weirded out by the idea of your voice recordings being stored somewhere.
Apple users have less to worry about, as the questions they ask Siri aren’t accessible. They are logged differently, using a string of random numbers instead of a user name, or other identifiable data, and Apple erases the connection between those queries and the numerical codes after six months.
Everything you have asked a Google powered assistant can be accessed and listened to by you. This includes the home assistant, as well as on your phone or laptop. Just head on over to https://myactivity.google.com/ while logged into your Google account and you can hear all those things you asked it when you needed an answer right away.
Yes, you really do sound like that. Weird, isn’t it?
Alexa users can find a list of all their questions by going into Settings > History in the Alexa app. If you use more than one Alexa device, each one will have its own listenable recordings.
SO YOU WANT TO CLEAR YOUR HISTORY?
Have no fear, Dear Readers. The wonderful nerds over at Popular Science have compiled a series of how-to guides on how to go about doing just that.
The Wired Magazine article linked above also has some handy hints on how to stop them from recording you at all, though doing so on a long term basis will turn a smart speaker into essentially a pricey paperweight.
Well there you have it, Dear Readers, a little bit of control over the data that flows into all the things that make your life convenient!
Concerns about online privacy are nothing new. From tracking cookies and invasive ads, to spyware and data mining, your information and browsing habits are a juicy prize sought after by more than just marketing companies.
But how do you keep prying eyes off of your data? Well, there are a lot of simple steps you can take.
First up, get yourself a good VPN service. May we suggest our own? Not to toot our own horn (toot toot) but we’re pretty great at offering you top notch VPN service, and we’ve been doing it for over 10 years.
More and more people are realizing that VPN service is a strong step towards privacy. The many-tentacled and omnipresent Social Media behemoth more commonly known as Facebook has been pushing its own VPN service, Onavo. Unsurprisingly, it’s bad.
Stick with the folks whose main purpose is privacy, rather than a nebulous beast which feeds itself on your private data, daily growing more all-seeing. Your best interests are not in mind there.
Browser add ons and extensions can be a really easy and effective way to take steps towards privacy. Invasive ads, tracking cookies, and unsecure websites can be a giant pain to anyone hopping onto the ol’ Information Highway.
Below are some great ones for you to check out!
Privacy Badger is a great, simple to use anti-tracking web browser extension which our friends over at Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) launched. It blocks tracking cookies and spying eyes while browsing. Privacy badger also builds a blocklist and watches the bad behavior, and block certain sites, activities, and cookies.It is pretty light weight, and has a simple green/red/yellow system so you can control what gets blocked.
This add-on is a joint venture project of Tor browser and EFF. It rewrites the requests and directs you to secure sites with HTTPS. When the extension gets installed it establishes a connection to SSL and locates the most secure versions of the websites you visit. With a pedigree like Tor and EFF, it’s a great and easy step to ramp up your privacy while browsing.
uBlock Origin is great because it gives you easy to use overall control, letting you decide what to block or allow. If you’re more comfortable doing more in-depth controls, it also lets you deep dive into specifics regarding blocking and allowing.
There are pros and cons here, honestly. It really can make things a lot easier if you frequently need fields filled in, or make a lot of regular purchases online.
However, since all browsers now synchronize this info to the cloud (so that, when you are using multiple devices, the CC info and passwords you store on one device is accessible on the other devices) — are they storing it securely? It’s undoubtedly a huge attractions for hackers, so what happens if that info is revealed? Is it sufficiently encrypted such that even quantum computers or computers can’t decrypt it with a lot of time and energy?
If you do choose to store your credit card and password info, make sure that you lock your devices when stepping away. Doing so will help make sure that if someone snags your device, they won’t have instant access to not only your 1528 embarrassing selfie attempts, but all that important password info.
Just do us a favor – DO NOT USE fingerprint unlocking on your phone or other device–that is not protected; a judge can compel you to unlock your device using your fingerprint but cannot compel you to reveal your password(s) — at least in the US. While some judges are challenging this, better safe than sorry.
We searched for ‘Iranian Foxes’ and this is what we got.
As many of you likely know, thousands of Iranians have been holding anti-government protests over the past week. We won’t be getting into the why’s or discussing Iranian politics in our post today, but we will be touching base on the Iranian government’s decision to block access to many social media apps as well as VPN access in order to quash protests.
We have decided to offer free accounts to people in Iran in order to help them communicate during this time.
Because the Iranian government has blocked VPN access, SSL Proxy servers are needed to get around this censorship. Happily, all FoxyProxy accounts come with VPN + SSL, HTTP, and SOCKS proxy server accounts.
Chrome and Firefox users can contact support to help get our SSL proxy servers working, as there is a trick to getting our SSL proxy server to work with Chrome and Firefox, as we are still using unsigned SSL certificates (that is something we are slowly changing and the rollout should be complete within a month). We will soon be putting an article on our help page to help you through it.
If you’re in Iran and wish to get a free account, get in touch.


Egypt's ex-president and his interior minister sentenced to life while his sons and six other officials are acquitted.
CAIRO, Egypt - An Egyptian court has sentenced former president Hosni Mubarak to life in prison for complicity in killing more than 800 protesters during last year's revolution, a first in the Arab world and a major achievement for the revolution which toppled him nearly 18 months ago.
Judge Ahmed Refaat acknowledged problems with the prosecution's case, which was widely criticised by legal experts.
Prosecutors did not present evidence that Mubarak, 84, directly ordered the killings. But Refaat faulted the former president for not stopping them, and delivered a speech during Saturday's court session about what he called the "dark days" of Mubarak's rule.
The judge stressed several times that the protesters last year were non-violent.
"They marched peacefully towards Tahrir Square, demanding justice, freedom and democracy," he said.
The verdict at first drew an ecstatic reaction from a small crowd gathered outside the Cairo police academy, the site of the trial. Many of the demonstrators had family members killed during the revolution.
There was no way to watch the trial from outside the police academy, so the crowd huddled around cars and portable radios to listen.
When the judge read Mubarak's sentence, a huge cheer erupted from the crowd; some people fired sparklers into the air, while others fell to their knees to pray.
One elderly couple knelt on a poster bearing a photograph of their dead son, crying and shouting: "God is great."
"I thank God. I thank God, and I thank the judge. This is a victory for all the Egyptian people … this will not make [my son] come back, but this is just," said Umm Saber, whose son was killed by security forces last January.
But among many in the crowd, the initial excitement quickly gave way to scepticism and frustration over the extent of Mubarak's sentence and the acquittal of four aides.
Some people had hoped for a death sentence. "He should hang," said Umm Farouq. "He kills the Egyptian people for being hungry, and now he can live in prison, in comfort."
Mubarak has been held since last year not in prison, but in a military hospital, which many local media reports have described as a comfortable facility.
The president was brought to Tora prison after the verdict, and reportedly initially refused to leave his helicopter; state media reported that he had been admitted to the prison's hospital after eventually disembarking from the aircraft.
Habib el-Adly, Mubarak's longtime interior minister, was also sentenced to life in prison for his role in the killings.
Many people had expected him to receive a death sentence.
Several of Adly's top aides, including the former heads of Cairo security and the notorious Central Security Forces, were acquitted of any role in killing protesters.
Mubarak was acquitted on corruption charges. His two sons, Gamal and Alaa, were also acquitted, a ruling that prompted anger outside the courtroom.
"They bankrupted this country and now they are free?" one man yelled incredulously into a loudspeaker.
The judge said those charges were dismissed because they dealt with crimes which occurred more than a decade ago.
Gamal and Alaa will remain in custody, however, because they were charged earlier this week with stock market fraud.
"They can just take the money they stole and, whoosh," said Mustafa al-Helmy, using his hands to mimic a running man.
A small group of pro-Mubarak demonstrators held their own rally outside the police academy, separated from the victim's families by hundreds of police officers and dozens of armoured vehicles.
One of them held a sign proclaiming Mubarak "a hero of peace and war".
"He was a great man who fought for his country," said a man who gave his name only as Ahmed. "They [the opposition] just want revenge, but this is not justice."
Following the announcement of the verdict, several groups called for protests to be held across the country.
By mid-afternoon, hundreds of people had converged on Cairo's Tahrir Square, with larger crowds expected in the evening.
Almost 1,000 people staged a separate march to the supreme court, where they threw rocks and broke windows.
There were also protests in the northern city of Alexandria, where thousands gathered shouting slogans against Mubarak, demanding that he face the death penalty, Al Jazeera's Jamal Elshayyal reported.
The Muslim Brotherhood released a statement calling the verdict shocking" to "the families of the martyrs".
The group said it would participate in protests on Saturday.
Ahmed Shafiq, one of the two candidates in the presidential runoff later this month, released his own statement, which said the verdict proved that "no one is above accountability".
The sentence will present a political question for the next president, once he is elected after a June 16-17 runoff.
Many Egyptians expect Shafiq to pardon Mubarak if he wins. Mohammed Morsi, the Muslim Brotherhood's candidate, vowed this week to keep the former president in prison "forever".
protesters," said Yasser Ali, campaign spokesman for Morsi.
Many of the demonstrators outside the police academy quickly linked the verdict to the runoff election. Some said Shafiq should have joined Mubarak and Adly in the dock.
"He isn't the only one," said Karim al-Azazi, referring to Mubarak.
"SCAF [the country's ruling military council] has killed so many of us.
"Remember Abbasiyya. Remember Mohamed Mahmoud," he said, referring to two major confrontations with security forces in recent months.
More than 40 people were killed during the week-long clashes on Mohamed Mahmoud street in November, and nine people were killed in Abbasiyya, near the defence ministry, in May.
"Mubarak goes to jail, but his right hand becomes president," he said, shaking his head.


Make chilly weather bearable with a bonnet. Use DMC Woolly yarn which is 100% merino wool which naturally protects against the suns harmful rays and provides a great buffer against the cold.
1. Tie the ends of the yarn and slit it on your knitting loom.
2. Do a cast on by doing an e-wrap on all the pegs. An e-wrap is simply wrapping your peg from the back towards the front. Continue wrapping until you reach peg 40.
3. Place a second e-wrap around each peg.
4. Starting on peg 40, using your loom hook, lift bottom loop over top loop (hook over). This is the knitting part.
5. Continue e-wrap and knitting until you have 18 rows.
6. Grab your cast ons, fold it towards the pegs and insert. This will be the brim of your bonnet.
7. With the cast ons on the pegs, lift the bottom loop over the top cast on loops to seal the brim.
8. Continue with the e-wraps and knitting until your bonnet measures 8-9 inches.
9. To finish your bonnet, wrap your yarn around the whole loom and cut. Starting from the first peg, put your yarn below the loop, grab the loop upwards and pull out. Continue doing this until you finish all pegs.
10. Release your loops from the knitting loom.
Create pompoms and attach on top of your bonnet.
With size 8(5mm) and two strands of yarn held together, cast on 97 stitches using the knit cast on method. Join using the magic loop method, be careful not to twist your stitches. Work the rib pattern (K2, P2) for 15 rows. Place marker at the end of the row.
Start working the dash stitch pattern 7 times. For longer beanie continue working the dash stitch pattern before decreasing.
Bind off using loose bind off method: K2tog tbl (knit 2 together through back loop).
Row 1 – 4: K1, P1 around.
Row 5: Slip 6 sts to cable needle and hold at front of work. (K1, P1) next 6 sts, then (K1, P1) 3x from cable needle.
Row 11: (K1, P1) next 6 sts. *Slip 6 sts to cable needle and hold at back of work, (K1, P1) next 6 sts, then (K1, P1) 3X from cable needle.* Repeat from * to * until 6 sts remaining. Slip 6 sts to cable needle and hold at back of work. Remove marker, (K1, P1) next 6 sts, return marker, (K1, P1) 3X from cable needle.
Row 12: K1, P1 around.
• Cast on 169 stitches with size 4mm/US6 knitting needle. Place marker and join in the round using the magic loop technique. Make sure there are no twisted sts.
• Work garter stitch pattern 3 times.
• Work Lattice Cable Pattern 3 times.
• Continue with K1, P1 until entire piece measures 19 inches.
• Begin decrease. K2tog around. (84 sts).
• Knit every stitch around.
• K2tog around (42 sts).
• K2tog around (21 sts).
• K1, K2tog (7 times).
• Bind off. Cut enough yarn and with your tapestry needle pull it through the remaining sts. Fasten off.
Knitted double seed stitch on a 4mm/US6 needle to get 26 sts=4"
STEP 2: Leave Cable Needle in front of work.
STEP 3: Knit the next 3 stitches on knitting needle.
STEP 4: Knit the next 3 stitches on cable needle.
STEP 1: Slip 3 stitches into cable needle.
STEP 2: Leave Cable Needle at the back of your work.
Cast on 71 stitches with size 4mm/US 6 knitting needle.
Work Double Seed Stitch Pattern 14 times.
Work Double Seed Stitch Pattern 10 times.
On first row place marker on first and last stitch.
Bind off. Cut enough yarn and with your tapestry needle pull it through the remaining stitches. Fasten off.
Cast on 33 stitches with size 4mm/US 6 knitting needle.
Cast on 62 stitches with size 4mm/US 6 knitting needle.
Work Cable Pattern 14 times.
Sew Side Panel to body of bag. Location: Sew bottom part of side panel in between markers of bag body. Sew bag sides together.
Sew knitted cable piece on top of knitted body. Locate the center. Attach magnetic clasp on both the front and the back center of cable piece. Fold cabled piece in half vertically and sew the other side to the inside of the body.
Attach handles to body of bag.
The pattern is divisible by 4.
The cowl is worked in the round on circular needle.
Cast on 192 stitches with circular needle size 4mm/US 6 and Color A. Place marker and join in the round. Work in stockinette stitch for 8 rounds.Next Rnd *k2tog, yo* around the entire row. Afterwards work the stockinette stitch again for 8 rows. Fold the piece with both of the stockinette wrong sides together. Pick up the cast on stitch with the tip of you needle, and then knit both the cast on stitch and your current stitch together. Continue with this process around the entire row. Work the seersucker pattern for 2 rounds. Break yarn, leave enough yarn for grafting.
With Color B, work the seersucker pattern for 9 rounds. Break working yarn leaving enough tail for grafting.
With Color A, work the seersucker pattern for 2 rounds. Work in stockinette stitch for 8 rounds.
Next Rnd *k2tog, yo* around the entire row.
Work the stockinette stitch again for 8 rows.
Get another circular needle size 4mm and pick up all the stitches from the first row of stockinette.
2. Fold the piece with both of the stockinette wrong sides together.
5. Now that you have two stitches on your right needle pass the first stitch over the second stitch.
6. Repeat steps 3 and 5 until your all done.
Break yarn and with your tapestry needle pull it through the remaining stitches. Fasten off.


"In Praise of the Lido". - BBC Radio 4 - 10.30am on Saturday 25th August 2012.
Broomhill Lido is set to feature in a BBC Radio 4 documentary "In Praise of the Lido".
The program will air at 10.30am on Saturday 25th August 2012.
The lapping of warm water...the giggle of childish laughter...the squelch of sun lotion and splash! - a sweltering city-dweller cools off in his favourite summer oasis, the lido!
To the strains of 'Lido Shuffle', Stephen Smith is dipping his toe in the waters of this great national institution, alas now in jeopardy.
On a morning swim, comedian Arthur Smith confides, "These will be the early ones - the ones who actually have swum two miles before they've even had a croissant". "Unthinkable", Arthur laughs.
Lidos were dreamt up in the 30s as a poor man's Riviera: the rich were going to the South of France for the summer, but on a good day at the Lido, you could almost believe that you were on the Croisette at Cannes rather than Tooting Bec; that it was caviar in your hand rather than a bloater paste sandwich.
In their heyday, thousands would turn out for the entertainment there....the early beauty contests brought people in their droves. Design guru and lido lizard, Stephen Bayley, says this country had never seen anything like it. "We regard them with fastidious distaste nowadays but they must have been unbelievably exciting in 1957".
John Ling - now in his 70s - remembers it well. He grew up in Ipswich near the Broomhill lido. "The air was electric", he tells Steve. He was a lifeguard at the lido, dated at the lido, and when he got married bought a house just opposite the lido!
The pools were nearly killed off by the advent of the package holiday in the 1960s and 70s, which meant that ordinary people could finally go to the real Med for themselves; suddenly, the lido looked very homespun and even naff. But many have survived and have a devoted following.
Former Labour spin doctor, Alastair Campbell, is one of those devotees. He confesses he found time to go to his local lido in Parliament Hill during his number 10 days....and that he made phone calls from the pool.
"Who to?" Steve asks. "If I told you I'd have to kill you!" Campbell teases.
Steve swims with illustrator Ralph Steadman who gets much inspiration from the pool. Steadman regales him with tales of African lido experiences with Hunter S. Thompson at the famous "Rumble in the Jungle" boxing match. But today, the swim involves close examination of bees....as research for his next project.
We hear of the routine of a lido....the man who will only put his clothes in one cubicle - the no 10. He's been doing it for years. "I don't know how it happened...it's an even number thing", he laughs.
"I'm slightly obsessive compulsive about stroke counting" says another.


How to derive the second equation of motion?
Consider the definition of velocity. As we know, it is the rate of change of displacement i.e. velocity is the distance traveled per unit time. For ex: When we say that a car is traveling with a velocity of 80 km/hr what we actually mean is that the car is covering a distance of 80 km every hour. Note that here we assume that the velocity is uniform i.e. it remains 80 km/hr and doesn't change to any other value. Below is a car moving with a uniform velocity.
Now we define acceleration as the rate of change of velocity i.e. the change in velocity itself per unit time. For example if a car is moving with a uniform velocity 80 km/hr and if in the next hour it's velocity becomes 100 km/hr, then we say that it has accelerated with an acceleration of 100-80 i.e. 20 km/hr. Note that the decrease in velocity is also an acceleration and is sometimes also called deceleration or retardation or negative acceleration. For ex: if the velocity of the car came down to 60 km/hr from 80 km/hr in one hour, then the acceleration of the car is said to be 60-80 i.e. -20 km/hr. The -ve sign indicates that the velocity of the car DECREASES by the given amount, every hour.
Note that in the above formula we assume that the acceleration of the body was uniform (i.e. the same) throughout the time interval t. Below is a car moving with a uniform acceleration.
This is Newton's First equation of motion. As you can you see, we can use this equation to calculate the velocity of a body which underwent an acceleration of a m/s for a time period of t seconds, provided we know the initial velocity of the body. Initial velocity i.e. u is the velocity of the body just before the body started to accelerate i.e. the velocity at t=0.
In case, the body started to accelerate from rest then we can substitute the value of initial velocity to be u=0.
We sometimes also may want to find the total distance traveled by moving body.
A moving body might be either moving with a uniform velocity, or with a uniform acceleration or even with a non-uniform acceleration.
Now the situation is slightly different for a body moving with a uniform acceleration a. To calculate the distance traveled by an uniformly accelerating body, we derive the equation as follows.
This is Newton's second equation of motion.


Storage has never been cheaper. As little as $50, you can add a terabyte for your notebook or desktop via an external drive. That is enough to house over 750,000 MP3s or photographs, or over 230 full-length movie files. Every computer out there, from mega-huge desktop towers to budget-price Windows tablets, can connect to at least one hard drive, with no complex setup required. And if you are lucky enough to have numerous I/O ports, it is possible to hook up many more. But which to choose? There is a lot to think about—desktop- or laptop-class, traditional rotation or solid-state drive (SSD) are only a few factors. Here is everything you need to take into consideration when shopping for an external hard disk.
There are two types of external drives. Desktop-class drives, with 3.5-inch mechanisms indoors, require a power adapter. They're designed to remain in 1 place, typically on your desk in your home or at the office. If you are buying a desktop-class driveway for video or a great deal of file transfers, then look for one with a built-in enthusiast, as the extra cooling will expand the drive's life expectancy. Notebook-class (aka pocket or mobile) hard drives are often 2.5-inch mechanics powered through the connector cable. You can slide a 2.5-inch model to a jacket and also some trousers pockets.
Desktop-class models currently top out at 8 terabytes (TB) each mechanism, but a few drive manufacturers put two to four mechanisms into a chassis to get more storage (for instance, two 4TB drives for a total of 8TB of storage). Notebook-class drives come in capacities up to 4TB, but capacities from 500GB to 2TB are most common.
A **//best external hard drive//** is always the best choice to take a backup of your mac or pc either the drive is portable cheap budget or affordable you should get is most value is that common factors are good and great with top features.
A word about numerous drives: You can boost speed, capacity, or information protection by buying an external RAID array, but multiple drives include expense and (a few) complexity. Once you join a single-volume external RAID array to your PC or Mac, it will appear and behave as another external drive. After that, it can be complicated. You need to consider a drive with support for RAID levels 5, 1, or 10 if you're storing really important data that you can't afford to lose. There are additional RAID levels for speed and capacity, and both hardware and software RAID implementations. Read our exceptional primer, RAID Levels Described, to get a more comprehensive explanation.
Topical SSDs are observed mostly in the notebook-class form element. They're currently limited to smaller capacities, typically from the 64GB into 512GB range, though they top out at 2TB. Thunderbolt, USB 3.1/USB-C, and USB 3.0 external SSDs are available today, but they're much costlier than spinning hard drives: For example, a simple 1TB USB 3.0 (rotation) hard drive goes for approximately $50 to $60, while a 1TB SSD utilizing USB 3.0 prices upwards of $300. Want to understand more about how hard drives and SSDs compare? Check out SSD vs. HDD: What's the Difference?
External drives connect to PCs and Macs through their external wires. USB 2.0/3.0 ports are almost always present; others may comprise FireWire (400 and 800), external SATA (eSATA), or newer connectors like USB-C or Thunderbolt 3. USB 3.0 provides fast transfer speeds and a minimum of fuss, since almost all desktop and notebook PCs come with USB ports. USB-C is a newer standard, supported using the more compact USB-C connector, and is still fairly uncommon to find on drives. It has the exact theoretical speed as the original Thunderbolt (10Gbps), however, is governed by exactly the exact same group of companies that developed the other formats of USB.
The external drives we have reviewed all have USB connectivity, a good thing since even detachable-hybrid tablets have at least one USB 2.0 port, using its own theoretical 480Mbps throughput. Fairly common, but ostensibly speedier, is the FireWire port, in both 400Mbps and 800Mbps formats. FireWire 400 and 800 are signal-compatible (they can use the same wires), however they have different FW400 or FW800 straps on the ends of these wires. FireWire may be daisy-chained; you can join several drives or devices around a single FireWire port when you connect them together first.
The following fastest interface you'll notice in an external hard disk is eSATA, which can be theoretically capable of 3Gbps (3,000Mbps), an order of magnitude faster than USB 2.0. Drives which are eSATA compatible are on the road outside today that Thunderbolt and USB have replaced eSATA in many applications. In terms of interface, USB 3.0 is even quicker than eSATA, using a 5Gbps theoretical throughput. USB 3.0 has the advantage of being backward-compatible with USB 2.0 (it will connect to USB 2.0 ports, but will move but at the lower USB 2.0 rates). It is possible to find drives with multiple ports (for instance, a double port drive with USB 2.0/3.0, FireWire 800, and eSATA), though you will still only be able to join a single drive into a single computer, and each extra interface increases the drive's complexity and cost. USB-C uses smaller plugs and jacks compared with conventional USB, but it can use compatible hardware. Optional adapters will allow you to use older USB drives with PCs with newer USB-C interfaces.
Among those outlying interconnect technology is Thunderbolt (formerly called Light Peak), that was designed by Intel and first championed by Apple. Thunderbolt was originally designed as a speedy optical connection (with fiber optics), however, the viability of incorporating a new connector into existing systems dictated that the shipping version works with copper cables and current connectors. Visually (although not electrically) equal to the Mini DisplayPort connector, the Thunderbolt interface can drive both screens and external hard drives. Much like FireWire, Thunderbolt devices can be daisy-chained with each other to work with one connector on a laptop or desktop computer, and the interface may be used to boot up a Mac (USB boot drives might not work on some Macs). Best of all, the Thunderbolt two interface includes a faster theoretical throughput: around 20GBps.
Thunderbolt is becoming a frequent standard in professional-grade systems from manufacturers as diverse as Apple, Dell, and HP. We view Thunderbolt as a niche player, mainly in higher-end desktop and mobile workstations, in which you have to move a lot of information quickly. Its newest iteration is Thunderbolt 3. It uses the exact same connector and cables as USB-C and doubles the throughput ceiling to 40Gbps, but both the external drive and your computer must be Thunderbolt 3—compatible to get the most from the new interface.
How Significant Is Drive Speed?
If you are transferring lots of files within a quick interface such as eSATA (fast), USB 3.0/ /USB-C (faster), or Thunderbolt (quickest), then by all means opt for the 7,200rpm drive. But if you're confined to USB 2.0 or FireWire 400/800, then I'd trade speed for capacity and receive the greatest 5,400rpm drive that your budget allows. USB 2.0 and FireWire 800 are old ports that operate fine with a 5,400rpm drive. If all-out speed is your target, multiple drives (7,200rpm, 10,000rpm, or SSD) over Thunderbolt 3 is the quickest (and priciest), using one SSD connected through Thunderbolt 1/2 or USB 3.0/3.1 as second quickest, etc.
In the end, there are various other differentiators to consider. Color and design: You can buy different coloured drives for every family member, for example. Included software is a factor if you don't already have a backup program. Warranty is also a big factor in our ratings: Drives can and will fail on you. This affordable drive you located on a deal site may only come with a one-time warranty. Look for a three- or last-minute guarantee if you're hard on your drives.
To get you started toward the right addition backup/storage alternative, below are 10 of the best drives we have tested. For more options, have a look at our lists of their best network-attached storage (NAS) drives and cloud storage solutions.
The Seagate Backup Plus Desktop Drive (5TB) is unbelievably spacious, fairly fast, and because it has a class-leading 5 terabytes of storage, it costs just pennies per gigabyte.
Read the Entire review "
The Seagate Backup Plus Portable Drive provides you 4 terabytes of speedy storage you can take with youpersonally, as well as a personal cloud, all for a very affordable price.
Read the full review "
The 1-terabyte Buffalo MiniStation Extreme NFC has an integrated cable that you can't lose, a rugged chassis which will survive a rough daily life, and an NFC reader and card add some security to this portable hard disk.
Boasting throughput rates of higher than 500MBps along with a 6TB formatted capacity, the CalDigit T4 RAID is a quick, spacious drive that's well equipped for quickly handling multitrack audio and 4K video jobs.
With its own protective rubber bumpers and speedy 4 terabytes of storage, the LaCie Rugged RAID has exactly what it takes to deal with the rigors of your journeys or perhaps just your daily life.
The 6TB Promise Pegasus2 R2+ is a flexible external drive for Thunderbolt 2-equipped Macs and PCs. It utilizes a two-drive RAID array for speed and capacity, but it may be redeemed with detachable hard-drive pods or its included media card reader.
The pricey Samsung Portable SSD T3 is one of the fastest portable drives we've tested.
The 2TB Western Digital My Passport Ultra adds color options, 256-bit hardware encryption, and a longer-than-average warranty to a solid portable hard drive.
The 1TB Fantom Drives DataShield SSD has secure 256-bit AES encryption and a numeric keypad to protect the drive with a passcode.
The 2-terabyte Transcend Storejet 300 for Mac includes both Thunderbolt and USB 3.0 interfaces, which can be convenient if all of your USB ports are occupied. But you'll pay for this flexibility.


Question 1: If you wanted to purchase a memory foam mattress, what steps would you take to find and purchase one? Please be as specific as possible.
The reviews of the memory foam mattress is the most common important information to consumers when they are evaluating or researching which memory foam mattress to purchase. The word reviews was present in 34% of all open-ended answers. The comfort was the second most common important information to consumers when they are evaluating or researching handheld vacuums to purchase. The word was present in 29% of all open-ended answers.