( CNN ) -- A Tennessee man is facing charges of aggravated sexual exploitation of a minor for what authorities say are three pictures -- none of them featuring an actual child 's body . Instead , according to testimony presented at Michael Wayne Campbell 's preliminary hearing in Chattanooga , Tennessee , on Wednesday , the photos feature the faces of three young girls placed on the nude bodies of adult females , CNN affiliate WDEF reported . Hamilton County Det . Michael Cox said Campbell told authorities `` he wanted to see what they would look like as adults , '' according to WDEF . Two of the faces were of local girls -- a 10-year-old and 12-year-old , the station reported . The third face appears to be Miley Cyrus , 16 , star of Disney 's popular television series `` Hannah Montana '' and its big-screen adaptation , `` Hanna Montana : The Movie , '' according to WDEF . Investigators do not believe Campbell had any contact with the three girls , but `` when you have the face of a small child affixed to a nude body of a mature woman , it 's going to be the state 's position that this is for sexual gratification and that this is simulated sexual activity , '' Assistant District Attorney Dave Denny said during Wednesday 's hearing . Attempts to contact Denny by CNN Wednesday were unsuccessful . Cases like Campbell 's present a unique legal issue . The U.S. Supreme Court in 2002 ruled that `` virtual child pornography , '' in which no children were actually harmed , is protected speech and does not constitute a crime . Since then , `` more and more of these guys are using morphed images , image manipulations '' in an attempt to circumvent prosecution , Ernie Allen , president of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children , said Wednesday . Such attempts are not always successful , Allen said , as charges can still be filed under obscenity laws or other statutes . Also , other avenues can be pursued when the faces used are those of real , identifiable people , he said . `` We see it all the time , '' Allen said . `` It makes it harder for law enforcement . It makes it tougher for prosecutors . '' `` It 's definitely on the increase , '' said Justin Fitzsimmons , a former prosecutor and senior attorney with the National Center for the Prosecution of Child Abuse , part of the National District Attorneys ' Association . `` People are trying to come up with creative ways to continue to sexually exploit children using digital evidence . '' Generally , what is seen is the `` Photoshop effect , '' in which people use the face of a child on an adult body or vice versa in an effort to get around the law , he said . Nearly every state , however , has adopted a law in response to the Supreme Court decision in the case , Fitzsimmons said . For instance , Tennessee 's laws state that in prosecuting the offense of sexual exploitation of a minor , `` the state is not required to prove the actual identity or age of the minor . '' As to the success of such prosecutions , `` there have not been a huge number of them , '' Allen said . While some have been successful and won convictions , many such cases are still in the appellate process . Fitzsimmons said he believes it is too soon to gauge the success or failure of prosecutorial efforts , as the cases `` are just being challenged now . '' `` It really is sort of a blending of technology and the law , '' he said , and predicted such issues would become more common as society becomes more and more high-tech and technology is increasingly used in the commission of crimes . Campbell was bound over to a grand jury , according to Hamilton County online court records .
Pictures of girls ' faces on photos of adult nude bodies lead to charges . Comment: Child 's face attached to pictures indicates `` simulated sexual activity , '' official says . `` Virtual pornography '' cases such as this present a unique legal issue .