Two new reports from BloombergNEF recommend that the two northern European countries should implement policies to accelerate the adoption of energy storage and smart electric vehicle charging, while also improving demand response and interconnection to Nordic hydropower reservoirs. All of these actions are expected to further reduce fossil fuel dependence and add flexibility to their respective energy markets. Germany and the United Kingdom could make their respective energy systems cleaner and more flexible by increasing their efforts to support energy storage and electromobility, while also improving dispatchable demand response and their interconnection with hydropower plants in Nordic countries. These are the main conclusions of two new reports published by BloombergNEF in partnership with U.S.-based power management company Eaton and Norwegian energy provider and hydropower specialist Statkraft, which encourage the two governments to accelerate the adoption of more favorable policies for these key technologies. The deployment of more storage and electric vehicle (EV) recharging stations will provide more flexibility, as it facilitates a shift to large volumes of renewable energy during high demand periods, or moves demand to periods of high renewable generation. Dispatchable demand response would also reduce reliance on fossil-fired back up power plants, while a stronger interconnection with hydropower plants located in Nordic countries would help both the United Kingdom and Germany better manage periods of excess supply and excess demand. As for the report on the United Kingdom, BloombergNEF said that if actions to increase clean flexibility are not taken, its power system may become oversized and wasteful by 2030, making it 13% more expensive by 2040, with 36% higher emissions. If more storage is deployed, however, emissions could see a 13% reduction by 2030, while the needed fossil backup capacity would drop by 12%. Moreover, although the U.K. power system is said to be able to comfortably integrate electromobility, local distribution networks are likely to face challenges. By 2040, it sees utility-scale PV capacity growing to 72 GW, while wind will reach 68 GW. After 2030, menawhile, it forecasts that utility-scale PV and batteries, on the back of cost reductions, will comprise 70% of the 137 GW of new generation capacity expected to be added by 2040. In the report on Germany, BloombergNEF said that adding flexibility supports coal through 2030, even as renewables continue to grow. “To decarbonize, Germany needs to address existing coal generation while investing in renewables, flexibility and interconnection,” the report notes. By 2040, it predicts that the share of renewables in Germany’s energy mix will reach 83%, withwind and solar accounting for 68% of this. Meanwhile, it sees 16% of electricity demand coming from EVs and 25% of system capacity from small-scale PV and storage, which sits behind the meter with business and households. “There is now little doubt that renewable energy will be the dominant force in the power sector for decades to come. The next challenge is to make sure these sources are complemented by clean forms of flexibility – storage, demand and interconnection – to deliver cheaper, deeper decarbonization,” said Albert Cheung, head of global analysis at BloombergNEF. Integration According to the “Ten-Year Network Development Plan 2016”, released by the association of European Network of Transmission System Operators (TSOs) ENTSO-E in December 2017, power flows will cross Europe at larger distances, mostly North-South, driven by renewables. Mid- to long-term grid investments will also lead to a reduction of over 40% in terms of the number of congestion hours, compared to current levels. The report notes that investments worth €150 billion, including €80 billion for projects already endorsed in national plans, are planned by 2030, and that most of these are linked to renewable energy integration development. In the most optimistic of the four scenarios provided by ENTSO-E, the so-called “European Green Revolution,” smart meters and smart grids will be fully deployed and demand response will have a strong uptake in the next decade. In this vision, no technology receives specific support, and all generation sources compete with each other purely on a market basis. This scenario also forecasts that both new and old nuclear power plants will be unfit to balance the demand.
2030 reports from Bloomberg New Energy Finance suggest that the UK and Germany should launch policies to support the adoption of flexible energy storage and vehicle charging facilities. Encouraging the development of the technology would provide more diverse energy supplies while making the systems cleaner and improving their dispatchable demand response, the reports said. Failure to follow the recommendations could lead to a UK power system that's 13% more expensive by Two, according to one of the reports, while the other says the suggestions would better enable Germany to manage its transition from coal to renewables.