But many critics have said that powerful new techniques should never be used to alter inherited DNA, arguing that such a move would be the start of a slippery slope leading to "designer" babies with selected features such as eye colour, intelligence or physical prowess. Now, however, the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Medicine have said that gene editing of the human "germline" - inherited DNA - should not be seen as a red line in medical research. Future use of germline gene editing to treat or prevent disease and disability is a "realistic possibility that deserves serious consideration", the report says. However, the two academies point out that the technology is not yet safe enough to justify testing it on the inherited DNA of human patients.
In a landmark decision, US scientists have given ethical approval to the use of gene editing to prevent the passing of diseases down generations. The addition, removal or replacement of DNA in human egg cells, sperm or embryos is a highly controversial subject, as it raises fears about genetic enhancement and "designer babies". However, while the technology is not yet safe enough to test on inherited human DNA, the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Medicine have said that gene editing of inherited DNA should not be a no-go area in medical research as it could in future be used to treat or prevent disease and disability.