Pareto-optimal formulations for cost versus colorimetric accuracy trade-offs in printer color management

Abstract: Color management for the printing of digital images is a challenging task, due primarily to nonlinear ink-mixing behavior and the presence of redundant solutions for print devices with more than three inks. Algorithms for the conversion of image data to printer-specific format are typically designed to achieve a single predetermined rendering intent, such as colorimetric accuracy. We present two CIELAB to CMYK color conversion schemes based on a general Pareto-optimal formulation for printer color management. The schemes operate using a 149-color characterization data set selected to efficiently capture the entire CMYK gamut. The first scheme uses artificial neural networks as transfer functions between the CIELAB and CMYK spaces. The second scheme is based on a reformulation of tetrahedral interpolation as an optimization problem. Characterization data are divided into tetrahedra for the interpolation-based approach using the program Qhull, which removes the common restriction that characterization data be well organized. Both schemes offer user control over trade-off problems such as cost versus reproduction accuracy, allowing for user-specified print objectives and the use of constraints such as maximum allowable ink and maximum allowable AE*/sub ab/. A formulation for minimization of ink is shown to be particularly favorable, integrating both a clipping and gamut compression features into a single methodology

pareto-optim formul for cost versu colorimetr accuraci trade-off in printer color manag
 color manag for the print of digit imag is a challeng task , due primarili to nonlinear ink-mix behavior and the presenc of redund solut for print devic with more than three ink . algorithm for the convers of imag data to printer-specif format are typic design to achiev a singl predetermin render intent , such as colorimetr accuraci . we present two cielab to cmyk color convers scheme base on a gener pareto-optim formul for printer color manag . the scheme oper use a 149-color character data set select to effici captur the entir cmyk gamut . the first scheme use artifici neural network as transfer function between the cielab and cmyk space . the second scheme is base on a reformul of tetrahedr interpol as an optim problem . character data are divid into tetrahedra for the interpolation-bas approach use the program qhull , which remov the common restrict that character data be well organ . both scheme offer user control over trade-off problem such as cost versu reproduct accuraci , allow for user-specifi print object and the use of constraint such as maximum allow ink and maximum allow ae*/sub ab/. a formul for minim of ink is shown to be particularli favor , integr both a clip and gamut compress featur into a singl methodolog

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Web services boost integration

Abstract: Microsoft and IBM have announced products to help their database software co-exist with competitors' offerings. The products use web services technology allowing users to improve integration between databases and application software from rival vendors

web servic boost integr
 microsoft and ibm have announc product to help their databas softwar co-exist with competitor ' offer . the product use web servic technolog allow user to improv integr between databas and applic softwar from rival vendor

Microsoft
IBM
database software
web services technology


North American carrier survey: simply the best

Abstract: Network Magazine carried out a North American carrier survey. Thousands of network engineers gave information on providers' strengths and weaknesses across seven services: private lines, frame relay, ATM, VPNs, dedicated Internet access, Ethernet services, and Web hosting. Respondents also ranked providers on their ability to perform in up to eight categories including customer service, reliability, and price. Users rated more than a dozen providers for each survey. Carriers needed to receive at least 30 votes for inclusion in the survey. Readers were asked to rate carriers on up to nine categories using a scale of 1 (unacceptable) to 5 (excellent). Not all categories are equally important. To try and get at these differences, Network Magazine asked readers to assign a weight to each category. The big winners were VPNs

north american carrier survey : simpli the best
 network magazin carri out a north american carrier survey . thousand of network engin gave inform on provid ' strength and weak across seven servic : privat line , frame relay , atm , vpn , dedic internet access , ethernet servic , and web host . respond also rank provid on their abil to perform in up to eight categori includ custom servic , reliabl , and price . user rate more than a dozen provid for each survey . carrier need to receiv at least 30 vote for inclus in the survey . reader were ask to rate carrier on up to nine categori use a scale of 1 ( unaccept ) to 5 ( excel ) . not all categori are equal import . to tri and get at these differ , network magazin ask reader to assign a weight to each categori . the big winner were vpn

North American carrier survey
private lines
frame relay
ATM
VPNs
dedicated Internet access
Ethernet services
Web hosting
customer service
reliability
price
service providers


Routing security in wireless ad hoc networks

Abstract: A mobile ad hoc network consists of a collection of wireless mobile nodes that are capable of communicating with each other without the use of a network infrastructure or any centralized administration. MANET is an emerging research area with practical applications. However, wireless MANET is particularly vulnerable due to its fundamental characteristics, such as open medium, dynamic topology, distributed cooperation, and constrained capability. Routing plays an important role in the security of the entire network. In general, routing security in wireless MANETs appears to be a problem that is not trivial to solve. In this article we study the routing security issues of MANETs, and analyze in detail one type of attack-the "black hole" problem-that can easily be employed against the MANETs. We also propose a solution for the black hole problem for ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol

rout secur in wireless ad hoc network
 a mobil ad hoc network consist of a collect of wireless mobil node that are capabl of commun with each other without the use of a network infrastructur or ani central administr . manet is an emerg research area with practic applic . howev , wireless manet is particularli vulner due to it fundament characterist , such as open medium , dynam topolog , distribut cooper , and constrain capabl . rout play an import role in the secur of the entir network . in gener , rout secur in wireless manet appear to be a problem that is not trivial to solv . in thi articl we studi the rout secur issu of manet , and analyz in detail one type of attack-th " black hole " problem-that can easili be employ against the manet . we also propos a solut for the black hole problem for ad hoc on-demand distanc vector rout protocol


Cooperative mutation based evolutionary programming for continuous function optimization

Abstract: An evolutionary programming (EP) algorithm adapting a new mutation operator is presented. Unlike most previous EPs, in which each individual is mutated on its own, each individual in the proposed algorithm is mutated in cooperation with the other individuals. This not only enhances convergence speed but also gives more chance to escape from local minima

cooper mutat base evolutionari program for continu function optim
 an evolutionari program ( ep ) algorithm adapt a new mutat oper is present . unlik most previou ep , in which each individu is mutat on it own , each individu in the propos algorithm is mutat in cooper with the other individu . thi not onli enhanc converg speed but also give more chanc to escap from local minima

cooperative mutation based evolutionary programming


Reinventing broadband

Abstract: Many believe that broadband providers need to change their whole approach. The future, then, is in reinventing broadband. That means tiered pricing to make broadband more competitive with dial-up access and livelier, more distinct content: video on demand, MP3, and other features exclusive to the fat-pipe superhighway

reinvent broadband
 mani believ that broadband provid need to chang their whole approach . the futur , then , is in reinvent broadband . that mean tier price to make broadband more competit with dial-up access and liveli , more distinct content : video on demand , mp3 , and other featur exclus to the fat-pip superhighway

broadband
tiered pricing
video on demand
MP3
business plans


Tracking control of the flexible slider-crank mechanism system under impact

Abstract: The variable structure control (VSC) and the stabilizer design by using the pole placement technique are applied to the tracking control of the flexible slider-crank mechanism under impact. The VSC strategy is employed to track the crank angular position and speed, while the stabilizer design is involved to suppress the flexible vibrations simultaneously. From the theoretical impact consideration, three approaches including the generalized momentum balance (GMB), the continuous force model (CFM), and the CFM associated with the effective mass compensation EMC are adopted, and are derived on the basis of the energy and impulse-momentum conservations. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the motor-controller flexible slider-crank mechanism not only accomplishing good tracking trajectory of the crank angle, but also eliminating vibrations of the flexible connecting rod

track control of the flexibl slider-crank mechan system under impact
 the variabl structur control ( vsc ) and the stabil design by use the pole placement techniqu are appli to the track control of the flexibl slider-crank mechan under impact . the vsc strategi is employ to track the crank angular posit and speed , while the stabil design is involv to suppress the flexibl vibrat simultan . from the theoret impact consider , three approach includ the gener momentum balanc ( gmb ) , the continu forc model ( cfm ) , and the cfm associ with the effect mass compens emc are adopt , and are deriv on the basi of the energi and impulse-momentum conserv . simul result are provid to demonstr the perform of the motor-control flexibl slider-crank mechan not onli accomplish good track trajectori of the crank angl , but also elimin vibrat of the flexibl connect rod

tracking control
flexible slider-crank mechanism system
impact
variable structure control
stabilizer design
pole placement technique
crank angular position
flexible vibrations
generalized momentum balance
continuous force model
effective mass compensation
tracking trajectory
flexible connecting rod
conservation laws
multibody dynamics


A simple etalon-stabilized visible laser diode

Abstract: Visible laser diodes (LDs) are inexpensively available with single-transverse-mode, single-longitudinal-mode operation with a coherence length in the metre range. With constant current bias and constant operating temperature, the optical output power and operating wavelength are stable. A simple and inexpensive way is developed to maintain a constant LD temperature as the temperature of the local environment varies, by monitoring the initially changing wavelength with an external etalon and using this information to apply a heating correction to the monitor photodiode commonly integral to the LD package. The fractional wavelength stability achieved is limited by the solid etalon to 7*10/sup -6/ degrees C/sup -1/

a simpl etalon-stabil visibl laser diod
 visibl laser diod ( ld ) are inexpens avail with single-transverse-mod , single-longitudinal-mod oper with a coher length in the metr rang . with constant current bia and constant oper temperatur , the optic output power and oper wavelength are stabl . a simpl and inexpens way is develop to maintain a constant ld temperatur as the temperatur of the local environ vari , by monitor the initi chang wavelength with an extern etalon and use thi inform to appli a heat correct to the monitor photodiod commonli integr to the ld packag . the fraction wavelength stabil achiev is limit by the solid etalon to 7 * 10 / sup -6/ degre c / sup -1/

visible laser diode
single-transverse-mode
single-longitudinal-mode
constant current bias
constant operating temperature
heating correction
monitor photodiode
fractional wavelength stability
etalon-stabilized laser diode
index-guided multi-quantum-well
closed-loop operation
feedback loop


Fabrication of polymeric microlens of hemispherical shape using micromolding

Abstract: Polymeric microlenses play an important role in reducing the size, weight, and cost of optical data storage and optical communication systems. We fabricate polymeric microlenses using the microcompression molding process. The design and fabrication procedures for mold insertion is simplified using silicon instead of metal. PMMA powder is used as the molding material. Governed by process parameters such as temperature and pressure histories, the micromolding process is controlled to minimize various defects that develop during the molding process. The radius of curvature and magnification ratio of fabricated microlens are measured as 150 mu m and over 3.0, respectively

fabric of polymer microlen of hemispher shape use micromold
 polymer microlens play an import role in reduc the size , weight , and cost of optic data storag and optic commun system . we fabric polymer microlens use the microcompress mold process . the design and fabric procedur for mold insert is simplifi use silicon instead of metal . pmma powder is use as the mold materi . govern by process paramet such as temperatur and pressur histori , the micromold process is control to minim variou defect that develop dure the mold process . the radiu of curvatur and magnif ratio of fabric microlen are measur as 150 mu m and over 3.0 , respect

micromolding
polymeric microlenses
size
weight
cost
optical data storage
optical communication systems
microcompression molding process
fabrication procedures
mold insertion
silicon
PMMA powder
molding material
process parameters
temperature
pressure
micromolding process
magnification ratio
polymeric microlens fabrication
hemispherical shape microlens
design procedures
300 micron

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Proof that the election problem belongs to NF-completeness problems in asynchronous distributed systems

Abstract: This paper is about the hardness of the election problem in asynchronous distributed systems in which processes can crash but links are reliable. The hardness of the problem is defined with respect to the difficulty to solve it despite failures. It is shown that problems encountered in the system are classified as three classes of problems: F (fault-tolerant), NF (Not fault-tolerant) and NFC (NF-completeness). Among those, the class NFC are the hardest problems to solve. In this paper, we prove that the Election problem is the most difficult problem which belongs to the class NFC

proof that the elect problem belong to nf-complet problem in asynchron distribut system
 thi paper is about the hard of the elect problem in asynchron distribut system in which process can crash but link are reliabl . the hard of the problem is defin with respect to the difficulti to solv it despit failur . it is shown that problem encount in the system are classifi as three class of problem : f ( fault-toler ) , nf ( not fault-toler ) and nfc ( nf-complet ) . among those , the class nfc are the hardest problem to solv . in thi paper , we prove that the elect problem is the most difficult problem which belong to the class nfc

election problem
NF-completeness problems
asynchronous distributed systems
distributed computing
leader election
failure detectors
fault-tolerant problems
not-fault-tolerant problems


Market watch - air conditioning

Abstract: After a boom period in the late nineties, the air conditioning market finds itself in something of a lull at present, but manufacturers aren't panicking

market watch - air condit
 after a boom period in the late nineti , the air condit market find itself in someth of a lull at present , but manufactur are n't panick


Fuzzy business [Halden Reactor Project]

Abstract: The Halden Reactor Project has developed two systems to investigate how signal validation and thermal performance monitoring techniques can be improved. PEANO is an online calibration monitoring system that makes use of artificial intelligence techniques. The system has been tested in cooperation with EPRI and Edan Engineering, using real data from a US PWR plant. These tests showed that PEANO could reliably assess the performance of the process instrumentation at different plant conditions. Real cases of zero and span drifts were successfully detected by the system. TEMPO is a system for thermal performance monitoring and optimisation, which relies on plant-wide first principle models. The system has been installed on a Swedish BWR plant. Results obtained show an overall rms deviation from measured values of a few tenths of a percent, and giving goodness-of-fits in the order of 95%. The high accuracy demonstrated is a good basis for detecting possible faults and efficiency losses in steam turbine cycles

fuzzi busi [ halden reactor project ]
 the halden reactor project ha develop two system to investig how signal valid and thermal perform monitor techniqu can be improv . peano is an onlin calibr monitor system that make use of artifici intellig techniqu . the system ha been test in cooper with epri and edan engin , use real data from a us pwr plant . these test show that peano could reliabl assess the perform of the process instrument at differ plant condit . real case of zero and span drift were success detect by the system . tempo is a system for thermal perform monitor and optimis , which reli on plant-wid first principl model . the system ha been instal on a swedish bwr plant . result obtain show an overal rm deviat from measur valu of a few tenth of a percent , and give goodness-of-fit in the order of 95 % . the high accuraci demonstr is a good basi for detect possibl fault and effici loss in steam turbin cycl

Halden Reactor Project
thermal performance monitoring
PEANO
calibration
artificial intelligence
PWR
TEMPO
BWR
steam turbine cycles
fuzzy logic
steam generators
feedwater flow


Computer aided classification of masses in ultrasonic mammography

Abstract: Frequency compounding was recently investigated for computer aided classification of masses in ultrasonic B-mode images as benign or malignant. The classification was performed using the normalized parameters of the Nakagami distribution at a single region of interest at the site of the mass. A combination of normalized Nakagami parameters from two different images of a mass was undertaken to improve the performance of classification. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that such an approach resulted in an area of 0.83 under the ROC curve. The aim of the work described in this paper is to see whether a feature describing the characteristic of the boundary can be extracted and combined with the Nakagami parameter to further improve the performance of classification. The combination of the features has been performed using a weighted summation. Results indicate a 10% improvement in specificity at a sensitivity of 96% after combining the information at the site and at the boundary. Moreover, the technique requires minimal clinical intervention and has a performance that reaches that of the trained radiologist. It is hence suggested that this technique may be utilized in practice to characterize breast masses

comput aid classif of mass in ultrason mammographi
 frequenc compound wa recent investig for comput aid classif of mass in ultrason b-mode imag as benign or malign . the classif wa perform use the normal paramet of the nakagami distribut at a singl region of interest at the site of the mass . a combin of normal nakagami paramet from two differ imag of a mass wa undertaken to improv the perform of classif . receiv oper characterist ( roc ) analysi show that such an approach result in an area of 0.83 under the roc curv . the aim of the work describ in thi paper is to see whether a featur describ the characterist of the boundari can be extract and combin with the nakagami paramet to further improv the perform of classif . the combin of the featur ha been perform use a weight summat . result indic a 10 % improv in specif at a sensit of 96 % after combin the inform at the site and at the boundari . moreov , the techniqu requir minim clinic intervent and ha a perform that reach that of the train radiologist . it is henc suggest that thi techniqu may be util in practic to character breast mass

computer aided classification
ultrasonic mammography
frequency compounding
ultrasonic B-mode images
benign
malignant
normalized parameters
Nakagami distribution
single region of interest
normalized Nakagami parameters
receiver operating characteristic
ROC curve
weighted summation
specificity
sensitivity
minimal clinical intervention
breast masses


OMS battle heating up as Chicago Equity ousts LongView for Macgregor

Abstract: Chicago Equity Partners LLC has gone into full production with Macgregor's Financial Trading Platform. This marks a concentrated effort to achieve straight-through processing

om battl heat up as chicago equiti oust longview for macgregor
 chicago equiti partner llc ha gone into full product with macgregor 's financi trade platform . thi mark a concentr effort to achiev straight-through process

LongView
Macgregor
Chicago Equity Partners
Financial Trading Platform
straight-through processing


An on-line distributed intelligent fault section estimation system for large-scale power networks

Abstract: In this paper, a novel distributed intelligent system is suggested for on-line fault section estimation (FSE) of large-scale power networks. As the first step, a multi-way graph partitioning method based on weighted minimum degree reordering is proposed for effectively partitioning the original large-scale power network into the desired number of connected sub-networks with quasi-balanced FSE burdens and minimum frontier elements. After partitioning, a distributed intelligent system based on radial basis function neural network (RBF NN) and companion fuzzy system is suggested for FSE. The relevant theoretical analysis and procedure are presented in the paper. The proposed distributed intelligent FSE method has been implemented with sparse storage technique and tested on the IEEE 14, 30 and 118-bus systems, respectively. Computer simulation results show that the proposed FSE method works successfully for large-scale power networks

an on-lin distribut intellig fault section estim system for large-scal power network
 in thi paper , a novel distribut intellig system is suggest for on-lin fault section estim ( fse ) of large-scal power network . as the first step , a multi-way graph partit method base on weight minimum degre reorder is propos for effect partit the origin large-scal power network into the desir number of connect sub-network with quasi-balanc fse burden and minimum frontier element . after partit , a distribut intellig system base on radial basi function neural network ( rbf nn ) and companion fuzzi system is suggest for fse . the relev theoret analysi and procedur are present in the paper . the propos distribut intellig fse method ha been implement with spars storag techniqu and test on the ieee 14 , 30 and 118-bu system , respect . comput simul result show that the propos fse method work success for large-scal power network


Application-layer multicasting with Delaunay triangulation overlays

Abstract: Application-layer multicast supports group applications without the need for a network-layer multicast protocol. Here, applications arrange themselves in a logical overlay network and transfer data within the overlay. We present an application-layer multicast solution that uses a Delaunay triangulation as an overlay network topology. An advantage of using a Delaunay triangulation is that it allows each application to locally derive next-hop routing information without requiring a routing protocol in the overlay. A disadvantage of using a Delaunay triangulation is that the mapping of the overlay to the network topology at the network and data link layer may be suboptimal. We present a protocol, called Delaunay triangulation (DT protocol), which constructs Delaunay triangulation overlay networks. We present measurement experiments of the DT protocol for overlay networks with up to 10 000 members, that are running on a local PC cluster with 100 Linux PCs. The results show that the protocol stabilizes quickly, e.g., an overlay network with 10 000 nodes can be built in just over 30 s. The traffic measurements indicate that the average overhead of a node is only a few kilobits per second if the overlay network is in a steady state. Results of throughput experiments of multicast transmissions (using TCP unicast connections between neighbors in the overlay network) show an achievable throughput of approximately 15 Mb/s in an overlay with 100 nodes and 2 Mb/s in an overlay with 1000 nodes

application-lay multicast with delaunay triangul overlay
 application-lay multicast support group applic without the need for a network-lay multicast protocol . here , applic arrang themselv in a logic overlay network and transfer data within the overlay . we present an application-lay multicast solut that use a delaunay triangul as an overlay network topolog . an advantag of use a delaunay triangul is that it allow each applic to local deriv next-hop rout inform without requir a rout protocol in the overlay . a disadvantag of use a delaunay triangul is that the map of the overlay to the network topolog at the network and data link layer may be suboptim . we present a protocol , call delaunay triangul ( dt protocol ) , which construct delaunay triangul overlay network . we present measur experi of the dt protocol for overlay network with up to 10 000 member , that are run on a local pc cluster with 100 linux pc . the result show that the protocol stabil quickli , e.g. , an overlay network with 10 000 node can be built in just over 30 s. the traffic measur indic that the averag overhead of a node is onli a few kilobit per second if the overlay network is in a steadi state . result of throughput experi of multicast transmiss ( use tcp unicast connect between neighbor in the overlay network ) show an achiev throughput of approxim 15 mb / s in an overlay with 100 node and 2 mb / s in an overlay with 1000 node

application-layer multicasting
Delaunay triangulation overlays
group applications
network-layer multicast protocol
logical overlay network
overlay networks
overlay network topology
next-hop routing information
data link layer
DT protocol
measurement experiments
local PC cluster
Linux PC
traffic measurements
average overhead
throughput experiments
multicast transmissions
TCP unicast connections
data transfer
Delaunay triangulation protocol
network nodes
15 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s

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Design and prototype of a performance tool interface for OpenMP

Abstract: This paper proposes a performance tools interface for OpenMP, similar in spirit to the MPI profiling interface in its intent to define a clear and portable API that makes OpenMP execution events visible to runtime performance tools. We present our design using a source-level instrumentation approach based on OpenMP directive rewriting. Rules to instrument each directive and their combination are applied to generate calls to the interface consistent with directive semantics and to pass context information (e.g., source code locations) in a portable and efficient way. Our proposed OpenMP performance API further allows user functions and arbitrary code regions to be marked and performance measurement to be controlled using new OpenMP directives. To prototype the proposed OpenMP performance interface, we have developed compatible performance libraries for the EXPERT automatic event trace analyzer [17, 18] and the TAU performance analysis framework [13]. The directive instrumentation transformations we define are implemented in a source-to-source translation tool called OPARI. Application examples are presented for both EXPERT and TAU to show the OpenMP performance interface and OPARI instrumentation tool in operation. When used together with the MPI profiling interface (as the examples also demonstrate), our proposed approach provides a portable and robust solution to performance analysis of OpenMP and mixed-mode (OpenMP + MPI) applications

design and prototyp of a perform tool interfac for openmp
 thi paper propos a perform tool interfac for openmp , similar in spirit to the mpi profil interfac in it intent to defin a clear and portabl api that make openmp execut event visibl to runtim perform tool . we present our design use a source-level instrument approach base on openmp direct rewrit . rule to instrument each direct and their combin are appli to gener call to the interfac consist with direct semant and to pass context inform ( e.g. , sourc code locat ) in a portabl and effici way . our propos openmp perform api further allow user function and arbitrari code region to be mark and perform measur to be control use new openmp direct . to prototyp the propos openmp perform interfac , we have develop compat perform librari for the expert automat event trace analyz [ 17 , 18 ] and the tau perform analysi framework [ 13 ] . the direct instrument transform we defin are implement in a source-to-sourc translat tool call opari . applic exampl are present for both expert and tau to show the openmp perform interfac and opari instrument tool in oper . when use togeth with the mpi profil interfac ( as the exampl also demonstr ) , our propos approach provid a portabl and robust solut to perform analysi of openmp and mixed-mod ( openmp + mpi ) applic

performance tool interface
MPI profiling interface
API
source-level instrumentation approach
OpenMP directive rewriting
directive semantics
arbitrary code regions
performance libraries
EXPERT automatic event trace analyzer
TAU performance analysis framework
source-to-source translation tool
OPARI
parallel programming


Code generator for the HPF Library and Fortran 95 transformational functions

Abstract: One of the language features of the core language of HPF 2.0 (High Performance Fortran) is the HPF Library. The HPF Library consists of 55 generic functions. The implementation of this library presents the challenge that all data types, data kinds, array ranks and input distributions need to be supported. For instance, more than 2 billion separate functions are required to support COPY-SCATTER fully. The efficient support of these billions of specific functions is one of the outstanding problems of HPF. We have solved this problem by developing a library generator which utilizes the mechanism of parameterized templates. This mechanism allows the procedures to be instantiated at compile time for arguments with a specific type, kind, rank and distribution over a specific processor array. We describe the algorithms used in the different library functions. The implementation gives the ease of generating a large number of library routines from a single template. The templates can be extended with special code for specific combinations of the input arguments. We describe in detail the implementation and performance of the matrix multiplication template for the Fujitsu VPP5000 platform

code gener for the hpf librari and fortran 95 transform function
 one of the languag featur of the core languag of hpf 2.0 ( high perform fortran ) is the hpf librari . the hpf librari consist of 55 gener function . the implement of thi librari present the challeng that all data type , data kind , array rank and input distribut need to be support . for instanc , more than 2 billion separ function are requir to support copy-scatt fulli . the effici support of these billion of specif function is one of the outstand problem of hpf . we have solv thi problem by develop a librari gener which util the mechan of parameter templat . thi mechan allow the procedur to be instanti at compil time for argument with a specif type , kind , rank and distribut over a specif processor array . we describ the algorithm use in the differ librari function . the implement give the eas of gener a larg number of librari routin from a singl templat . the templat can be extend with special code for specif combin of the input argument . we describ in detail the implement and perform of the matrix multipl templat for the fujitsu vpp5000 platform

code generation
HPF
HPF Library
High Performance Fortran
generic functions
data types
library generator
parameterized templates
library functions
matrix multiplication
parallel computing
parallel languages


Equilibrium swelling and kinetics of pH-responsive hydrogels: models, experiments, and simulations

Abstract: The widespread application of ionic hydrogels in a number of applications like control of microfluidic flow, development of muscle-like actuators, filtration/separation and drug delivery makes it important to properly understand these materials. Understanding hydrogel properties is also important from the standpoint of their similarity to many biological tissues. Typically, gel size is sensitive to outer solution pH and salt concentration. In this paper, we develop models to predict the swelling/deswelling of hydrogels in buffered pH solutions. An equilibrium model has been developed to predict the degree of swelling of the hydrogel at a given pH and salt concentration in the solution. A kinetic model has been developed to predict the rate of swelling of the hydrogel when the solution pH is changed. Experiments are performed to characterize the mechanical properties of the hydrogel in different pH solutions. The degree of swelling as well as the rate of swelling of the hydrogel are also studied through experiments. The simulations are compared with experimental results and the models are found to predict the swelling/deswelling processes accurately

equilibrium swell and kinet of ph-respons hydrogel : model , experi , and simul
 the widespread applic of ionic hydrogel in a number of applic like control of microfluid flow , develop of muscle-lik actuat , filtrat / separ and drug deliveri make it import to properli understand these materi . understand hydrogel properti is also import from the standpoint of their similar to mani biolog tissu . typic , gel size is sensit to outer solut ph and salt concentr . in thi paper , we develop model to predict the swell / deswel of hydrogel in buffer ph solut . an equilibrium model ha been develop to predict the degre of swell of the hydrogel at a given ph and salt concentr in the solut . a kinet model ha been develop to predict the rate of swell of the hydrogel when the solut ph is chang . experi are perform to character the mechan properti of the hydrogel in differ ph solut . the degre of swell as well as the rate of swell of the hydrogel are also studi through experi . the simul are compar with experiment result and the model are found to predict the swell / deswel process accur

pH-responsive hydrogels
ionic hydrogels
microfluidic flow
muscle-like actuators
filtration/separation
drug delivery
gel size
swelling/deswelling
buffered pH solutions
equilibrium model
mechanical properties


Deadlock-free scheduling in flexible manufacturing systems using Petri nets

Abstract: This paper addresses the deadlock-free scheduling problem in Flexible Manufacturing Systems. An efficient deadlock-free scheduling algorithm was developed, using timed Petri nets, for a class of FMSs called Systems of Sequential Systems with Shared Resources (S/sup 4/ R). The algorithm generates a partial reachability graph to find the optimal or near-optimal deadlock-free schedule in terms of the firing sequence of the transitions of the Petri net model. The objective is to minimize the mean flow time (MFT). An efficient truncation technique, based on the siphon concept, has been developed and used to generate the minimum necessary portion of the reachability graph to be searched. It has been shown experimentally that the developed siphon truncation technique enhances the ability to develop deadlock-free schedules of systems with a high number of deadlocks, which cannot be achieved using standard Petri net scheduling approaches. It may be necessary, in some cases, to relax the optimality condition for large FMSs in order to make the search effort reasonable. Hence, a User Control Factor (UCF) was defined and used in the scheduling algorithm. The objective of using the UCF is to achieve an acceptable trade-off between the solution quality and the search effort. Its effect on the MFT and the CPU time has been investigated. Randomly generated examples are used for illustration and comparison. Although the effect of UCF did not affect the mean flow time, it was shown that increasing it reduces the search effort (CPU time) significantly

deadlock-fre schedul in flexibl manufactur system use petri net
 thi paper address the deadlock-fre schedul problem in flexibl manufactur system . an effici deadlock-fre schedul algorithm wa develop , use time petri net , for a class of fmss call system of sequenti system with share resourc ( s / sup 4/ r ) . the algorithm gener a partial reachabl graph to find the optim or near-optim deadlock-fre schedul in term of the fire sequenc of the transit of the petri net model . the object is to minim the mean flow time ( mft ) . an effici truncat techniqu , base on the siphon concept , ha been develop and use to gener the minimum necessari portion of the reachabl graph to be search . it ha been shown experiment that the develop siphon truncat techniqu enhanc the abil to develop deadlock-fre schedul of system with a high number of deadlock , which can not be achiev use standard petri net schedul approach . it may be necessari , in some case , to relax the optim condit for larg fmss in order to make the search effort reason . henc , a user control factor ( ucf ) wa defin and use in the schedul algorithm . the object of use the ucf is to achiev an accept trade-off between the solut qualiti and the search effort . it effect on the mft and the cpu time ha been investig . randomli gener exampl are use for illustr and comparison . although the effect of ucf did not affect the mean flow time , it wa shown that increas it reduc the search effort ( cpu time ) significantli

systems of sequential systems with shared resources

Petri net model transitions firing sequence


Securing the Internet routing infrastructure

Abstract: The unprecedented growth of the Internet over the last years, and the expectation of an even faster increase in the numbers of users and networked systems, resulted in the Internet assuming its position as a mass communication medium. At the same time, the emergence of an increasingly large number of application areas and the evolution of the networking technology suggest that in the near future the Internet may become the single integrated communication infrastructure. However, as the dependence on the networking infrastructure grows, its security becomes a major concern, in light of the increased attempt to compromise the infrastructure. In particular, the routing operation is a highly visible target that must be shielded against a wide range of attacks. The injection of false routing information can easily degrade network performance, or even cause denial of service for a large number of hosts and networks over a long period of time. Different approaches have been proposed to secure the routing protocols, with a variety of countermeasures, which, nonetheless, have not eradicated the vulnerability of the routing infrastructure. In this article, we survey the up-to-date secure routing schemes. that appeared over the last few years. Our critical point of view and thorough review of the literature are an attempt to identify directions for future research on an indeed difficult and still largely open problem

secur the internet rout infrastructur
 the unpreced growth of the internet over the last year , and the expect of an even faster increas in the number of user and network system , result in the internet assum it posit as a mass commun medium . at the same time , the emerg of an increasingli larg number of applic area and the evolut of the network technolog suggest that in the near futur the internet may becom the singl integr commun infrastructur . howev , as the depend on the network infrastructur grow , it secur becom a major concern , in light of the increas attempt to compromis the infrastructur . in particular , the rout oper is a highli visibl target that must be shield against a wide rang of attack . the inject of fals rout inform can easili degrad network perform , or even caus denial of servic for a larg number of host and network over a long period of time . differ approach have been propos to secur the rout protocol , with a varieti of countermeasur , which , nonetheless , have not erad the vulner of the rout infrastructur . in thi articl , we survey the up-to-d secur rout scheme . that appear over the last few year . our critic point of view and thorough review of the literatur are an attempt to identifi direct for futur research on an inde difficult and still larg open problem

Internet routing infrastructure security


Disability-related special libraries

Abstract: One of the ways that the federal government works to improve services to people with disabilities is to fund disability-related information centers and clearinghouses that provide information resources and referrals to disabled individuals, their family members, service providers, and the general public. The Teaching Research Division of Western Oregon University operates two federally funded information centers for people with disabilities: OBIRN (the Oregon Brain Injury Resource Network) and DB-LINK (the National Information Clearinghouse on Children who are Deaf-Blind). Both have developed in-depth library collections and services in addition to typical clearinghouse services. The authors describe how OBIRN and DB-LINK were designed and developed, and how they are currently structured and maintained. Both information centers use many of the same strategies and tools in day-to-day operations, but differ in a number of ways, including materials and clientele

disability-rel special librari
 one of the way that the feder govern work to improv servic to peopl with disabl is to fund disability-rel inform center and clearinghous that provid inform resourc and referr to disabl individu , their famili member , servic provid , and the gener public . the teach research divis of western oregon univers oper two feder fund inform center for peopl with disabl : obirn ( the oregon brain injuri resourc network ) and db-link ( the nation inform clearinghous on children who are deaf-blind ) . both have develop in-depth librari collect and servic in addit to typic clearinghous servic . the author describ how obirn and db-link were design and develop , and how they are current structur and maintain . both inform center use mani of the same strategi and tool in day-to-day oper , but differ in a number of way , includ materi and clientel


Multi-hour design of survivable classical IP networks

Abstract: Most of Internet intra-domain routing protocols (OSPF, RIP, and IS-IS) are based on shortest path routing. The path length is defined as the sum of metrics associated with the path links. These metrics are often managed by the network administrator. In this context, the design of an Internet backbone network consists in dimensioning the network (routers and transmission links) and establishing the metric. Many requirements have to be satisfied. First, Internet traffic is not static as significant variations can be observed during the day. Second, many failures can occur (cable cuts, hardware failures, software failures, etc.). We present algorithms (meta-heuristics and greedy heuristic) to design Internet backbone networks, taking into account the multi-hour behaviour of traffic and some survivability requirements. Many multi-hour and protection strategies are studied and numerically compared. Our algorithms can be extended to integrate other quality of service constraints

multi-hour design of surviv classic ip network
 most of internet intra-domain rout protocol ( ospf , rip , and is-i ) are base on shortest path rout . the path length is defin as the sum of metric associ with the path link . these metric are often manag by the network administr . in thi context , the design of an internet backbon network consist in dimens the network ( router and transmiss link ) and establish the metric . mani requir have to be satisfi . first , internet traffic is not static as signific variat can be observ dure the day . second , mani failur can occur ( cabl cut , hardwar failur , softwar failur , etc . ) . we present algorithm ( meta-heurist and greedi heurist ) to design internet backbon network , take into account the multi-hour behaviour of traffic and some surviv requir . mani multi-hour and protect strategi are studi and numer compar . our algorithm can be extend to integr other qualiti of servic constraint

multi-hour design
survivable classical IP networks
Internet intra-domain routing protocols
OSPF
RIP
IS-IS
shortest path routing
path length
path links
network administrator
Internet backbone network
transmission links
Internet traffic
survivability requirements
quality of service constraints
network dimensioning
network routers
network failures
meta-heuristics algorithm
greedy heuristic algorithm
network protection
QoS constraints

P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P R R R R R R M


Implementing equals for mixed-type comparison

Abstract: The idea of comparing objects of different types is not entirely off base, in particular for classes from the same class hierarchy. After all, objects from the same class hierarchy (and by class hierarchy we mean all classes derived from a common superclass other than Object) have something in common, namely at least the superclass part. As we demonstrated in a previous paper (2002), providing a correct implementation of a mixed-type comparison is a non-trivial task. In this article, we will show one way of implementing a mixed-type comparison of objects from the same class hierarchy that meets the requirements of the equals contract

implement equal for mixed-typ comparison
 the idea of compar object of differ type is not entir off base , in particular for class from the same class hierarchi . after all , object from the same class hierarchi ( and by class hierarchi we mean all class deriv from a common superclass other than object ) have someth in common , name at least the superclass part . as we demonstr in a previou paper ( 2002 ) , provid a correct implement of a mixed-typ comparison is a non-trivi task . in thi articl , we will show one way of implement a mixed-typ comparison of object from the same class hierarchi that meet the requir of the equal contract

mixed-type comparison
superclass
equals contract
Java
transitivity requirement


WebCAD: A computer aided design tool constrained with explicit 'design for manufacturability' rules for computer numerical control milling

Abstract: A key element in the overall efficiency of a manufacturing enterprise is the compatibility between the features that have been created in a newly designed part, and the capabilities of the downstream manufacturing processes. With this in mind, a process-aware computer aided design (CAD) system called WebCAD has been developed. The system restricts the freedom of the designer in such a way that the designed parts can be manufactured on a three-axis computer numerical control milling machine. This paper discusses the vision of WebCAD and explains the rationale for its development in comparison with commercial CAD/CAM (computer aided design/manufacture) systems. The paper then goes on to describe the implementation issues that enforce the manufacturability rules. Finally, certain design tools are described that aid a user during the design process. Some examples are given of the parts designed and manufactured with WebCAD

webcad : a comput aid design tool constrain with explicit ' design for manufactur ' rule for comput numer control mill
 a key element in the overal effici of a manufactur enterpris is the compat between the featur that have been creat in a newli design part , and the capabl of the downstream manufactur process . with thi in mind , a process-awar comput aid design ( cad ) system call webcad ha been develop . the system restrict the freedom of the design in such a way that the design part can be manufactur on a three-axi comput numer control mill machin . thi paper discuss the vision of webcad and explain the rational for it develop in comparison with commerci cad / cam ( comput aid design / manufactur ) system . the paper then goe on to describ the implement issu that enforc the manufactur rule . final , certain design tool are describ that aid a user dure the design process . some exampl are given of the part design and manufactur with webcad

WebCAD
computer aided design tool
design tools
computer numerical control milling
manufacturability rules
design for manufacturability rules
manufacturing enterprise efficiency
process-aware CAD system
three-axis CNC milling machine
CAD/CAM systems
Internet-based CAD/CAM


Quantum-controlled measurement device for quantum-state discrimination

Abstract: We propose a "programmable" quantum device that is able to perform a specific generalized measurement from a certain set of measurements depending on a quantum state of a "program register." In particular, we study a situation when the programmable measurement device serves for the unambiguous discrimination between nonorthogonal states. The particular pair of states that can be unambiguously discriminated is specified by the state of a program qubit. The probability of successful discrimination is not optimal for all admissible pairs. However, for some subsets it can be very close to the optimal value

quantum-control measur devic for quantum-st discrimin
 we propos a " programm " quantum devic that is abl to perform a specif gener measur from a certain set of measur depend on a quantum state of a " program regist . " in particular , we studi a situat when the programm measur devic serv for the unambigu discrimin between nonorthogon state . the particular pair of state that can be unambigu discrimin is specifi by the state of a program qubit . the probabl of success discrimin is not optim for all admiss pair . howev , for some subset it can be veri close to the optim valu

quantum-controlled measurement device
quantum-state discrimination
quantum state
program register
nonorthogonal states
program qubit
programmable quantum device


Error-probability analysis of MIL-STD-1773 optical fiber data buses

Abstract: We have analyzed the error probabilities of MIL-STD-1773 optical fiber data buses with three modulation schemes, namely, original Manchester II bi-phase coding, PTMBC, and EMBC-BSF. Using these derived expressions of error probabilities, we can also compare the receiver sensitivities of such optical fiber data buses

error-prob analysi of mil-std-1773 optic fiber data buse
 we have analyz the error probabl of mil-std-1773 optic fiber data buse with three modul scheme , name , origin manchest ii bi-phas code , ptmbc , and embc-bsf . use these deriv express of error probabl , we can also compar the receiv sensit of such optic fiber data buse

optical fiber data buses
error probabilities
modulation schemes
receiver sensitivities
Manchester bi-phase coding


Rise of the supercompany [CRM]

Abstract: All the thoughts, conversations and notes of employees help the firm create a wider picture of business. Customer relationship management (CRM) feeds on data, and it is hungry

rise of the supercompani [ crm ]
 all the thought , convers and note of employe help the firm creat a wider pictur of busi . custom relationship manag ( crm ) feed on data , and it is hungri

customer relationship management
central data repository
database
staff trained


Swamped by data [storage]

Abstract: While the cost of storage has plummeted, the demand continued to climb and there are plenty of players out there offering solutions to a company's burgeoning storage needs

swamp by data [ storag ]
 while the cost of storag ha plummet , the demand continu to climb and there are plenti of player out there offer solut to a compani 's burgeon storag need

cost of storage
IT personnel
resource management
disk capacity management
disk optimisation
file system automation
storage virtualisation
storage area networks
network attached storage


Achieving competitive capabilities in e-services

Abstract: What implications does the Internet have for service operations strategy? How can business performance of e-service companies be improved in today's knowledge-based economy? These research questions are the subject of the paper. We propose a model that links the e-service company's knowledge-based competencies with their competitive capabilities. Drawing from the current literature, our analysis suggests that services that strategically build a portfolio of knowledge-based competencies, namely human capital, structural capital, and absorptive capacity have more operations-based options, than their counterparts who are less apt to invest. We assume that the combinative capabilities of service quality, delivery, flexibility, and cost are determined by the investment in intellectual capital. Arguably, with the advent of the Internet, different operating models (e.g., bricks-and-mortar, clicks-and-mortar, or pure dot-com) have different strategic imperatives in terms of knowledge-based competencies. Thus, the new e-operations paradigm can be viewed as a configuration of knowledge-based competencies and capabilities

achiev competit capabl in e-servic
 what implic doe the internet have for servic oper strategi ? how can busi perform of e-servic compani be improv in today 's knowledge-bas economi ? these research question are the subject of the paper . we propos a model that link the e-servic compani 's knowledge-bas compet with their competit capabl . draw from the current literatur , our analysi suggest that servic that strateg build a portfolio of knowledge-bas compet , name human capit , structur capit , and absorpt capac have more operations-bas option , than their counterpart who are less apt to invest . we assum that the combin capabl of servic qualiti , deliveri , flexibl , and cost are determin by the invest in intellectu capit . arguabl , with the advent of the internet , differ oper model ( e.g. , bricks-and-mortar , clicks-and-mortar , or pure dot-com ) have differ strateg imper in term of knowledge-bas compet . thu , the new e-oper paradigm can be view as a configur of knowledge-bas compet and capabl

competitive capabilities
e-services
Internet
service operations strategy
business performance
knowledge-based economy
knowledge-based competencies
human capital
structural capital
absorptive capacity
operations-based options
investment
combinative capabilities
service quality
delivery
flexibility
cost
intellectual capital
bricks-and-mortar
clicks-and-mortar
dot-com
strategic imperatives

P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P


Application of an internally consistent material model to determine the effect of tool edge geometry in orthogonal machining

Abstract: It is well known that the edge geometry of a cutting tool affects the forces measured in metal cutting. Two experimental methods have been suggested in the past to extract the ploughing (non-cutting) component from the total measured force: (1) the extrapolation approach, and (2) the dwell force technique. This study reports the behavior of zinc during orthogonal machining using tools of controlled edge radius. Applications of both the extrapolation and dwell approaches show that neither produces an analysis that yields a material response consistent with the known behavior of zinc. Further analysis shows that the edge geometry modifies the shear zone of the material and thereby modifies the forces. When analyzed this way, the measured force data yield the expected material response without requiring recourse to an additional ploughing component

applic of an intern consist materi model to determin the effect of tool edg geometri in orthogon machin
 it is well known that the edg geometri of a cut tool affect the forc measur in metal cut . two experiment method have been suggest in the past to extract the plough ( non-cut ) compon from the total measur forc : ( 1 ) the extrapol approach , and ( 2 ) the dwell forc techniqu . thi studi report the behavior of zinc dure orthogon machin use tool of control edg radiu . applic of both the extrapol and dwell approach show that neither produc an analysi that yield a materi respons consist with the known behavior of zinc . further analysi show that the edg geometri modifi the shear zone of the materi and therebi modifi the forc . when analyz thi way , the measur forc data yield the expect materi respons without requir recours to an addit plough compon

tool edge geometry
edge geometry
orthogonal machining
cutting tool
metal cutting
extrapolation
dwell force
zinc
ploughing component


Evolution complexity of the elementary cellular automaton rule 18

Abstract: Cellular automata are classes of mathematical systems characterized by discreteness (in space, time, and state values), determinism, and local interaction. Using symbolic dynamical theory, we coarse-grain the temporal evolution orbits of cellular automata. By means of formal languages and automata theory, we study the evolution complexity of the elementary cellular automaton with local rule number 18 and prove that its width 1-evolution language is regular, but for every n >or= 2 its width n-evolution language is not context free but context sensitive

evolut complex of the elementari cellular automaton rule 18
 cellular automata are class of mathemat system character by discret ( in space , time , and state valu ) , determin , and local interact . use symbol dynam theori , we coarse-grain the tempor evolut orbit of cellular automata . by mean of formal languag and automata theori , we studi the evolut complex of the elementari cellular automaton with local rule number 18 and prove that it width 1-evolut languag is regular , but for everi n > or= 2 it width n-evolut languag is not context free but context sensit

evolution complexity
complexity
elementary cellular automaton
cellular automata
symbolic dynamical theory
formal languages


On fractal dimension in information systems. Toward exact sets in infinite information systems

Abstract: The notions of an exact as well as a rough set are well-grounded as basic notions in rough set theory. They are however defined in the setting of a finite information system i.e. an information system having finite numbers of objects as well as attributes. In theoretical studies e.g. of topological properties of rough sets, one has to trespass this limitation and to consider information systems with potentially unbound number of attributes. In such setting, the notions of rough and exact sets may be defined in terms of topological operators of interior and closure with respect to an appropriate topology following the ideas from the finite case, where it is noticed that in the finite case rough-set-theoretic operators of lower and upper approximation are identical with the interior, respectively, closure operators in topology induced by equivalence classes of the indiscernibility relation. Extensions of finite information systems are also desirable from application point of view in the area of knowledge discovery and data mining, when demands of e.g. mass collaboration and/or huge experimental data call for need of working with large data tables so the sound theoretical generalization of these cases is an information system with the number of attributes not bound in advance by a fixed integer i.e. an information system with countably but infinitely many attributes, In large information systems, a need arises for qualitative measures of complexity of concepts involved free of parameters, cf. e.g. applications for the Vapnik-Czervonenkis dimension. We study here in the theoretical setting of infinite information system a proposal to apply fractal dimensions suitably modified as measures of concept complexity

on fractal dimens in inform system . toward exact set in infinit inform system
 the notion of an exact as well as a rough set are well-ground as basic notion in rough set theori . they are howev defin in the set of a finit inform system i.e. an inform system have finit number of object as well as attribut . in theoret studi e.g. of topolog properti of rough set , one ha to trespass thi limit and to consid inform system with potenti unbound number of attribut . in such set , the notion of rough and exact set may be defin in term of topolog oper of interior and closur with respect to an appropri topolog follow the idea from the finit case , where it is notic that in the finit case rough-set-theoret oper of lower and upper approxim are ident with the interior , respect , closur oper in topolog induc by equival class of the indiscern relat . extens of finit inform system are also desir from applic point of view in the area of knowledg discoveri and data mine , when demand of e.g. mass collabor and/or huge experiment data call for need of work with larg data tabl so the sound theoret gener of these case is an inform system with the number of attribut not bound in advanc by a fix integ i.e. an inform system with countabl but infinit mani attribut , in larg inform system , a need aris for qualit measur of complex of concept involv free of paramet , cf . e.g. applic for the vapnik-czervonenki dimens . we studi here in the theoret set of infinit inform system a propos to appli fractal dimens suitabl modifi as measur of concept complex

fractal dimension
information systems
exact sets
infinite information systems
rough set
topological properties
closure operators
equivalence classes
knowledge discovery
data mining
qualitative measures
complexity


Design of high-performance wavelets for image coding using a perceptual time domain criterion

Abstract: This paper presents a new biorthogonal linear-phase wavelet design for image compression. Instead of calculating the prototype filters as spectral factors of a half-band filter, the design is based on the direct optimization of the low pass analysis filter using an objective function directly related to a perceptual criterion for image compression. This function is defined as the product of the theoretical coding gain and an index called the peak-to-peak ratio, which was shown to have high correlation with perceptual quality. A distinctive feature of the proposed technique is a procedure by which, given a "good" starting filter, "good" filters of longer lengths are generated. The results are excellent, showing a clear improvement in perceptual image quality. Also, we devised a criterion for constraining the coefficients of the filters in order to design wavelets with minimum ringing

design of high-perform wavelet for imag code use a perceptu time domain criterion
 thi paper present a new biorthogon linear-phas wavelet design for imag compress . instead of calcul the prototyp filter as spectral factor of a half-band filter , the design is base on the direct optim of the low pass analysi filter use an object function directli relat to a perceptu criterion for imag compress . thi function is defin as the product of the theoret code gain and an index call the peak-to-peak ratio , which wa shown to have high correl with perceptu qualiti . a distinct featur of the propos techniqu is a procedur by which , given a " good " start filter , " good " filter of longer length are gener . the result are excel , show a clear improv in perceptu imag qualiti . also , we devis a criterion for constrain the coeffici of the filter in order to design wavelet with minimum ring


Verification of timed automata based on similarity

Abstract: The paper presents a modification of the standard partitioning technique to generate abstract state spaces preserving similarity for Timed Automata. Since this relation is weaker than bisimilarity, most of the obtained models (state spaces) are smaller than bisimilar ones, but still preserve the universal fragments of branching time temporal logics. The theoretical results are exemplified for strong, delay, and observational simulation relations

verif of time automata base on similar
 the paper present a modif of the standard partit techniqu to gener abstract state space preserv similar for time automata . sinc thi relat is weaker than bisimilar , most of the obtain model ( state space ) are smaller than bisimilar one , but still preserv the univers fragment of branch time tempor logic . the theoret result are exemplifi for strong , delay , and observ simul relat

partitioning technique
abstract state spaces
bisimilarity
universal fragments
branching time temporal logics
observational simulation relations
timed automata verification


Measuring return: revealing ROI

Abstract: The most critical part of the return-on-investment odyssey is to develop metrics that matter to the business and to measure systems in terms of their ability to help achieve those business goals. Everything must flow from those key metrics. And don't forget to revisit those every now and then, too. Since all systems wind down over time, it's important to keep tabs on how well your automation investment is meeting the metrics established by your company. Manufacturers are clamoring for a tool to help quantify returns and analyze the results

measur return : reveal roi
 the most critic part of the return-on-invest odyssey is to develop metric that matter to the busi and to measur system in term of their abil to help achiev those busi goal . everyth must flow from those key metric . and do n't forget to revisit those everi now and then , too . sinc all system wind down over time , it 's import to keep tab on how well your autom invest is meet the metric establish by your compani . manufactur are clamor for a tool to help quantifi return and analyz the result

ROI
return-on-investment
key metrics
automation investment
technology purchases


Separate accounts go mainstream [investment]

Abstract: New entrants are shaking up the separate-account industry by supplying Web-based platforms that give advisers the tools to pick independent money managers

separ account go mainstream [ invest ]
 new entrant are shake up the separate-account industri by suppli web-bas platform that give advis the tool to pick independ money manag

investment
separate-account industry
Web-based platforms
independent money managers
financial advisors


Implementation of universal quantum gates based on nonadiabatic geometric phases

Abstract: We propose an experimentally feasible scheme to achieve quantum computation based on nonadiabatic geometric phase shifts, in which a cyclic geometric phase is used to realize a set of universal quantum gates. Physical implementation of this set of gates is designed for Josephson junctions and for NMR systems. Interestingly, we find that the nonadiabatic phase shift may be independent of the operation time under appropriate controllable conditions. A remarkable feature of the present nonadiabatic geometric gates is that there is no intrinsic limitation on the operation time

implement of univers quantum gate base on nonadiabat geometr phase
 we propos an experiment feasibl scheme to achiev quantum comput base on nonadiabat geometr phase shift , in which a cyclic geometr phase is use to realiz a set of univers quantum gate . physic implement of thi set of gate is design for josephson junction and for nmr system . interestingli , we find that the nonadiabat phase shift may be independ of the oper time under appropri control condit . a remark featur of the present nonadiabat geometr gate is that there is no intrins limit on the oper time

universal quantum gates
quantum computation
nonadiabatic geometric phase shifts
cyclic geometric phase
Josephson junctions
NMR systems
nonadiabatic phase shift
operation time
nonadiabatic geometric gates


If the RedBoot fits [open-source ROM monitor]

Abstract: Many embedded developers today use a ROM- or flash-resident software program that provides functionality such as loading and running application software, scripting, read/write access to processor registers, and memory dumps. A ROM monitor, as it is often called, can be a useful and far less expensive debugging tool than an in-circuit emulator. This article describes the RedBoot ROM monitor. It takes a look at the features offered by the RedBoot ROM monitor and sees how it can be configured. It also walks through the steps of rebuilding and installing a new RedBoot image on a target platform. Finally, it looks at future enhancements that are coming in new releases and how to get support and additional information when using RedBoot. Although RedBoot uses software modules from the eCos real-time operating system (RTOS) and is often used in systems running embedded Linux, it is completely independent of both operating systems. RedBoot can be used with any operating system or RTOS, or even without one

if the redboot fit [ open-sourc rom monitor ]
 mani embed develop today use a rom- or flash-resid softwar program that provid function such as load and run applic softwar , script , read / write access to processor regist , and memori dump . a rom monitor , as it is often call , can be a use and far less expens debug tool than an in-circuit emul . thi articl describ the redboot rom monitor . it take a look at the featur offer by the redboot rom monitor and see how it can be configur . it also walk through the step of rebuild and instal a new redboot imag on a target platform . final , it look at futur enhanc that are come in new releas and how to get support and addit inform when use redboot . although redboot use softwar modul from the eco real-tim oper system ( rto ) and is often use in system run embed linux , it is complet independ of both oper system . redboot can be use with ani oper system or rto , or even without one

RedBoot
open-source ROM monitor
flash-resident software program
scripting
memory dumps
debugging tool
eCos
real-time operating system
embedded Linux
embedded systems
processor register access
bootstrapping


High-performance servo systems based on multirate sampling control

Abstract: In this paper, novel multirate two-degree-of-freedom controllers are proposed for digital control systems, in which the sampling period of plant output is restricted to be relatively longer than the control period of plant input. The proposed feedforward controller assures perfect tracking at M inter-sampling points. On the other hand, the proposed feedback controller assures perfect disturbance rejection at M inter-sample points in the steady state. Illustrative examples of position control for hard disk drive are presented, and advantages of these approaches are demonstrated

high-perform servo system base on multir sampl control
 in thi paper , novel multir two-degree-of-freedom control are propos for digit control system , in which the sampl period of plant output is restrict to be rel longer than the control period of plant input . the propos feedforward control assur perfect track at m inter-sampl point . on the other hand , the propos feedback control assur perfect disturb reject at m inter-sampl point in the steadi state . illustr exampl of posit control for hard disk drive are present , and advantag of these approach are demonstr

servo system
multirate sampling control
digital control systems
feedforward
tracking
feedback
disturbance rejection
position control
hard disk drive


Improved analysis for the nonlinear performance of CMOS current mirrors with device mismatch

Abstract: The nonlinear performance of the simple and complementary MOSFET current mirrors are analyzed. Closed-form expressions are obtained for the harmonic and intermodulation components resulting from a multisinusoidal input current. These expressions can be used for predicting the limiting values of the input current under prespecified conditions of threshold-voltage mismatches and/or transconductance mismatches. The case of a single input sinusoid is discussed in detail and the results are compared with SPICE simulations

improv analysi for the nonlinear perform of cmo current mirror with devic mismatch
 the nonlinear perform of the simpl and complementari mosfet current mirror are analyz . closed-form express are obtain for the harmon and intermodul compon result from a multisinusoid input current . these express can be use for predict the limit valu of the input current under prespecifi condit of threshold-voltag mismatch and/or transconduct mismatch . the case of a singl input sinusoid is discuss in detail and the result are compar with spice simul

nonlinear performance
CMOS current mirrors
device mismatch
complementary MOSFET current mirrors
closed-form expressions
intermodulation components
multisinusoidal input current
input current
threshold-voltage mismatch
transconductance mismatch
SPICE simulations
harmonic components
simulation results


AGC for autonomous power system using combined intelligent techniques

Abstract: In the present work two intelligent load frequency controllers have been developed to regulate the power output and system frequency by controlling the speed of the generator with the help of fuel rack position control. The first controller is obtained using fuzzy logic (FL) only, whereas the second one by using a combination of FL, genetic algorithms and neural networks. The aim of the proposed controller(s) is to restore in a very smooth way the frequency to its nominal value in the shortest time possible whenever there is any change in the load demand etc. The action of these controller(s) provides a satisfactory balance between frequency overshoot and transient oscillations with zero steady-state error. The design and performance evaluation of the proposed controller(s) structure are illustrated with the help of case studies applied (without loss of generality) to a typical single-area power system. It is found that the proposed controllers exhibit satisfactory overall dynamic performance and overcome the possible drawbacks associated with other competing techniques

agc for autonom power system use combin intellig techniqu
 in the present work two intellig load frequenc control have been develop to regul the power output and system frequenc by control the speed of the gener with the help of fuel rack posit control . the first control is obtain use fuzzi logic ( fl ) onli , wherea the second one by use a combin of fl , genet algorithm and neural network . the aim of the propos controller( ) is to restor in a veri smooth way the frequenc to it nomin valu in the shortest time possibl whenev there is ani chang in the load demand etc . the action of these controller( ) provid a satisfactori balanc between frequenc overshoot and transient oscil with zero steady-st error . the design and perform evalu of the propos controller( ) structur are illustr with the help of case studi appli ( without loss of gener ) to a typic single-area power system . it is found that the propos control exhibit satisfactori overal dynam perform and overcom the possibl drawback associ with other compet techniqu

autonomous power system
combined intelligent techniques
frequency control
fuel rack position control
fuzzy logic
genetic algorithms
neural networks
load demand
frequency overshoot
transient oscillations
zero steady-state error
performance evaluation
single-area power system
overall dynamic performance
competing techniques
power output regulation
generator speed control
controller design


Mapping CCF to MARC21: an experimental approach

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to raise and address a number of issues pertaining to the conversion of Common Communication Format (CCF) into MARC21. In this era of global resource sharing, exchange of bibliographic records from one system to another is imperative in today's library communities. Instead of using a single standard to create machine-readable catalogue records, more than 20 standards have emerged and are being used by different institutions. Because of these variations in standards, sharing of resources and transfer of data from one system to another among the institutions locally and globally has become a significant problem. Addressing this problem requires keeping in mind that countries such as India and others in southeast Asia are using the CCF as a standard for creating bibliographic cataloguing records. This paper describes a way to map the bibliographic catalogue records from CCF to MARC21, although 100% mapping is not possible. In addition, the paper describes an experimental approach that enumerates problems that may occur during the mapping of records/exchanging of records and how these problems can be overcome

map ccf to marc21 : an experiment approach
 the purpos of thi articl is to rais and address a number of issu pertain to the convers of common commun format ( ccf ) into marc21 . in thi era of global resourc share , exchang of bibliograph record from one system to anoth is imper in today 's librari commun . instead of use a singl standard to creat machine-read catalogu record , more than 20 standard have emerg and are be use by differ institut . becaus of these variat in standard , share of resourc and transfer of data from one system to anoth among the institut local and global ha becom a signific problem . address thi problem requir keep in mind that countri such as india and other in southeast asia are use the ccf as a standard for creat bibliograph catalogu record . thi paper describ a way to map the bibliograph catalogu record from ccf to marc21 , although 100 % map is not possibl . in addit , the paper describ an experiment approach that enumer problem that may occur dure the map of record / exchang of record and how these problem can be overcom

MARC21
global resource sharing
library communities
standards
machine-readable catalogue records
India
southeast Asia
Common Communication Format conversion
bibliographic records exchange
data transfer
CCF to MARC21 mapping


From continuous recovery to discrete filtering in numerical approximations of conservation laws

Abstract: Modern numerical approximations of conservation laws rely on numerical dissipation as a means of stabilization. The older, alternative approach is the use of central differencing with a dose of artificial dissipation. In this paper we review the successful class of weighted essentially non-oscillatory finite volume schemes which comprise sophisticated methods of the first kind. New developments in image processing have made new devices possible which can serve as highly nonlinear artificial dissipation terms. We view artificial dissipation as discrete filter operation and introduce several new algorithms inspired by image processing

from continu recoveri to discret filter in numer approxim of conserv law
 modern numer approxim of conserv law reli on numer dissip as a mean of stabil . the older , altern approach is the use of central differenc with a dose of artifici dissip . in thi paper we review the success class of weight essenti non-oscillatori finit volum scheme which compris sophist method of the first kind . new develop in imag process have made new devic possibl which can serv as highli nonlinear artifici dissip term . we view artifici dissip as discret filter oper and introduc sever new algorithm inspir by imag process


A brief guide to competitive intelligence: how to gather and use information on competitors

Abstract: The author outlines the processes involved in competitive intelligence, and discusses what it is, how to do it and gives examples of what happens when companies fail to monitor their competitive environment effectively. The author presents a case study, showing how the company that produced the pre-cursor to the Barbie doll failed to look at their business environment and how this led to the firm's failure. The author discusses what competitive intelligence is, and what it is not, and why it is important for businesses, and presents three models used to describe the competitive intelligence process, going through the various steps involved in defining intelligence requirements and collecting, analyzing, communicating and utilizing competitive intelligence

a brief guid to competit intellig : how to gather and use inform on competitor
 the author outlin the process involv in competit intellig , and discuss what it is , how to do it and give exampl of what happen when compani fail to monitor their competit environ effect . the author present a case studi , show how the compani that produc the pre-cursor to the barbi doll fail to look at their busi environ and how thi led to the firm 's failur . the author discuss what competit intellig is , and what it is not , and whi it is import for busi , and present three model use to describ the competit intellig process , go through the variou step involv in defin intellig requir and collect , analyz , commun and util competit intellig

competitive intelligence
Barbie doll
business environment
competitor information
intelligence collection
intelligence analysis
intelligence communication
intelligence utilization


Limitations of delayed state feedback: a numerical study

Abstract: Stabilization of a class of linear time-delay systems can be achieved by a numerical procedure, called the continuous pole placement method [Michiels et al., 2000]. This method can be seen as an extension of the classical pole placement algorithm for ordinary differential equations to a class of delay differential equations. In [Michiels et al., 2000] it was applied to the stabilization of a linear time-invariant system with an input delay using static state feedback. In this paper we study the limitations of such delayed state feedback laws. More precisely we completely characterize the class of stabilizable plants in the 2D-case. For that purpose we make use of numerical continuation techniques. The use of delayed state feedback in various control applications and the effect of its limitations are briefly discussed

limit of delay state feedback : a numer studi
 stabil of a class of linear time-delay system can be achiev by a numer procedur , call the continu pole placement method [ michiel et al . , 2000 ] . thi method can be seen as an extens of the classic pole placement algorithm for ordinari differenti equat to a class of delay differenti equat . in [ michiel et al . , 2000 ] it wa appli to the stabil of a linear time-invari system with an input delay use static state feedback . in thi paper we studi the limit of such delay state feedback law . more precis we complet character the class of stabiliz plant in the 2d-case . for that purpos we make use of numer continu techniqu . the use of delay state feedback in variou control applic and the effect of it limit are briefli discuss

delayed state feedback
linear time-delay systems
continuous pole placement method
delay differential equations
static state feedback
numerical continuation


A scalable and lightweight QoS monitoring technique combining passive and active approaches: on the mathematical formulation of CoMPACT monitor

Abstract: To make a scalable and lightweight QoS monitoring system, we (2002) have proposed a new QoS monitoring technique, called the change-of-measure based passive/active monitoring (CoMPACT Monitor), which is based on the change-of-measure framework and is an active measurement transformed by using passively monitored data. This technique enables us to measure detailed QoS information for individual users, applications and organizations, in a scalable and lightweight manner. In this paper, we present the mathematical foundation of CoMPACT Monitor. In addition, we show its characteristics through simulations in terms of typical implementation issues for inferring the delay distributions. The results show that CoMPACT Monitor gives accurate QoS estimations with only a small amount of extra traffic for active measurement

a scalabl and lightweight qo monitor techniqu combin passiv and activ approach : on the mathemat formul of compact monitor
 to make a scalabl and lightweight qo monitor system , we ( 2002 ) have propos a new qo monitor techniqu , call the change-of-measur base passiv / activ monitor ( compact monitor ) , which is base on the change-of-measur framework and is an activ measur transform by use passiv monitor data . thi techniqu enabl us to measur detail qo inform for individu user , applic and organ , in a scalabl and lightweight manner . in thi paper , we present the mathemat foundat of compact monitor . in addit , we show it characterist through simul in term of typic implement issu for infer the delay distribut . the result show that compact monitor give accur qo estim with onli a small amount of extra traffic for activ measur

QoS monitoring
CoMPACT Monitor
change-of-measure
active monitoring
passive monitoring
delay distributions
quality of service
Internet
network performance


Evaluation of existing and new feature recognition algorithms. 1. Theory and implementation

Abstract: This is the first of two papers evaluating the performance of general-purpose feature detection techniques for geometric models. In this paper, six different methods are described to identify sets of faces that bound depression and protrusion faces. Each algorithm has been implemented and tested on eight components from the National Design Repository. The algorithms studied include previously published general-purpose feature detection algorithms such as the single-face inner-loop and concavity techniques. Others are improvements to existing algorithms such as extensions of the two-dimensional convex hull method to handle curved faces as well as protrusions. Lastly, new algorithms based on the three-dimensional convex hull, minimum concave, visible and multiple-face inner-loop face sets are described

evalu of exist and new featur recognit algorithm . 1 . theori and implement
 thi is the first of two paper evalu the perform of general-purpos featur detect techniqu for geometr model . in thi paper , six differ method are describ to identifi set of face that bound depress and protrus face . each algorithm ha been implement and test on eight compon from the nation design repositori . the algorithm studi includ previous publish general-purpos featur detect algorithm such as the single-fac inner-loop and concav techniqu . other are improv to exist algorithm such as extens of the two-dimension convex hull method to handl curv face as well as protrus . lastli , new algorithm base on the three-dimension convex hull , minimum concav , visibl and multiple-fac inner-loop face set are describ


Simultaneous iterative reconstruction of emission and attenuation images in positron emission tomography from emission data only

Abstract: For quantitative image reconstruction in positron emission tomography attenuation correction is mandatory. In case that no data are available for the calculation of the attenuation correction factors one can try to determine them from the emission data alone. However, it is not clear if the information content is sufficient to yield an adequate attenuation correction together with a satisfactory activity distribution. Therefore, we determined the log likelihood distribution for a thorax phantom depending on the choice of attenuation and activity pixel values to measure the crosstalk between both. In addition an iterative image reconstruction (one-dimensional Newton-type algorithm with a maximum likelihood estimator), which simultaneously reconstructs the images of the activity distribution and the attenuation coefficients is used to demonstrate the problems and possibilities of such a reconstruction. As result we show that for a change of the log likelihood in the range of statistical noise, the associated change in the activity value of a structure is between 6% and 263%. In addition, we show that it is not possible to choose the best maximum on the basis of the log likelihood when a regularization is used, because the coupling between different structures mediated by the (smoothing) regularization prevents an adequate solution due to crosstalk. We conclude that taking into account the attenuation information in the emission data improves the performance of image reconstruction with respect to the bias of the activities, however, the reconstruction still is not quantitative

simultan iter reconstruct of emiss and attenu imag in positron emiss tomographi from emiss data onli
 for quantit imag reconstruct in positron emiss tomographi attenu correct is mandatori . in case that no data are avail for the calcul of the attenu correct factor one can tri to determin them from the emiss data alon . howev , it is not clear if the inform content is suffici to yield an adequ attenu correct togeth with a satisfactori activ distribut . therefor , we determin the log likelihood distribut for a thorax phantom depend on the choic of attenu and activ pixel valu to measur the crosstalk between both . in addit an iter imag reconstruct ( one-dimension newton-typ algorithm with a maximum likelihood estim ) , which simultan reconstruct the imag of the activ distribut and the attenu coeffici is use to demonstr the problem and possibl of such a reconstruct . as result we show that for a chang of the log likelihood in the rang of statist nois , the associ chang in the activ valu of a structur is between 6 % and 263 % . in addit , we show that it is not possibl to choos the best maximum on the basi of the log likelihood when a regular is use , becaus the coupl between differ structur mediat by the ( smooth ) regular prevent an adequ solut due to crosstalk . we conclud that take into account the attenu inform in the emiss data improv the perform of imag reconstruct with respect to the bia of the activ , howev , the reconstruct still is not quantit


Wireless-retail financial services: adoption can't justify the cost

Abstract: Slow adoption by retail investors, costly services and bankrupt vendors has prompted banks and brokerage firms to turn off their wireless applications

wireless-retail financi servic : adopt ca n't justifi the cost
 slow adopt by retail investor , costli servic and bankrupt vendor ha prompt bank and brokerag firm to turn off their wireless applic

banks
brokerage firms
wireless applications


Mustering motivation to enact decisions: how decision process characteristics influence goal realization

Abstract: Decision scientists tend to focus mainly on decision antecedents, studying how people make decisions. Action psychologists, in contrast, study post-decision issues, investigating how decisions, once formed, are maintained, protected, and enacted. Through the research presented here, we seek to bridge these two disciplines, proposing that the process by which decisions are reached motivates subsequent pursuit and benefits eventual realization. We identify three characteristics of the decision process (DP) as having motivation-mustering potential: DP effort investment, DP importance, and DP confidence. Through two field studies tracking participants' decision processes, pursuit and realization, we find that after controlling for the influence of the motivational mechanisms of goal intention and implementation intention, the three decision process characteristics significantly influence the successful enactment of the chosen decision directly. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are considered and future research opportunities are identified

muster motiv to enact decis : how decis process characterist influenc goal realiz
 decis scientist tend to focu mainli on decis anteced , studi how peopl make decis . action psychologist , in contrast , studi post-decis issu , investig how decis , onc form , are maintain , protect , and enact . through the research present here , we seek to bridg these two disciplin , propos that the process by which decis are reach motiv subsequ pursuit and benefit eventu realiz . we identifi three characterist of the decis process ( dp ) as have motivation-must potenti : dp effort invest , dp import , and dp confid . through two field studi track particip ' decis process , pursuit and realiz , we find that after control for the influenc of the motiv mechan of goal intent and implement intent , the three decis process characterist significantli influenc the success enact of the chosen decis directli . the theoret and practic implic of these find are consid and futur research opportun are identifi

motivation
decision process characteristics
goal realization
decision scientists
action psychologists
post-decision issues
motivation-mustering potential
goal intention
research opportunities
decision enactment
decision process investment
decision process importance
decision process confidence


Analysis of the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy capability of fused deposition modelling processes

Abstract: Building up materials in layers poses significant challenges from the viewpoint of material science, heat transfer and applied mechanics. However, numerous aspects of the use of these technologies have yet to be studied. One of these aspects is the characterization of the surface roughness and dimensional precision obtainable in layered manufacturing processes. In this paper, a study of roughness parameters obtained through the use of these manufacturing processes was made. Prototype parts were manufactured using FDM techniques and an experimental analysis of the resulting roughness average (R/sub a/) and rms roughness (R/sub q/) obtained through the use of these manufacturing processes was carried out. Dimensional parameters were also studied in order to determine the capability of the Fused Deposition Modelling process for manufacturing parts

analysi of the surfac rough and dimension accuraci capabl of fuse deposit model process
 build up materi in layer pose signific challeng from the viewpoint of materi scienc , heat transfer and appli mechan . howev , numer aspect of the use of these technolog have yet to be studi . one of these aspect is the character of the surfac rough and dimension precis obtain in layer manufactur process . in thi paper , a studi of rough paramet obtain through the use of these manufactur process wa made . prototyp part were manufactur use fdm techniqu and an experiment analysi of the result rough averag ( r / sub a/ ) and rm rough ( r / sub q/ ) obtain through the use of these manufactur process wa carri out . dimension paramet were also studi in order to determin the capabl of the fuse deposit model process for manufactur part

surface roughness
dimensional accuracy capability
fused deposition modelling processes
dimensional precision
layered manufacturing processes
prototype parts
roughness average
rms roughness
rapid prototyping
three-dimensional solid objects
CAD model
CNC-controlled robot
extrusion head


Simulation study of the cardiovascular functional status in hypertensive situation

Abstract: An extended cardiovascular model was established based on our previous work to study the consequences of physiological or pathological changes to the homeostatic functions of the cardiovascular system. To study hemodynamic changes in hypertensive situations, the impacts of cardiovascular parameter variations (peripheral vascular resistance, arterial vessel wall stiffness and baroreflex gain) upon hemodynamics and the short-term regulation of the cardiovascular system were investigated. For the purpose of analyzing baroregulation function, the short-term regulation of arterial pressure in response to moderate dynamic exercise for normotensive and hypertensive cases was studied through computer simulation and clinical experiments. The simulation results agree well with clinical data. The results of this work suggest that the model presented in this paper provides a useful tool to investigate the functional status of the cardiovascular system in normal or pathological conditions

simul studi of the cardiovascular function statu in hypertens situat
 an extend cardiovascular model wa establish base on our previou work to studi the consequ of physiolog or patholog chang to the homeostat function of the cardiovascular system . to studi hemodynam chang in hypertens situat , the impact of cardiovascular paramet variat ( peripher vascular resist , arteri vessel wall stiff and baroreflex gain ) upon hemodynam and the short-term regul of the cardiovascular system were investig . for the purpos of analyz baroregul function , the short-term regul of arteri pressur in respons to moder dynam exercis for normotens and hypertens case wa studi through comput simul and clinic experi . the simul result agre well with clinic data . the result of thi work suggest that the model present in thi paper provid a use tool to investig the function statu of the cardiovascular system in normal or patholog condit

cardiovascular functional status
hypertensive situation
extended cardiovascular model
pathological changes
homeostatic functions
hemodynamics
cardiovascular parameter variations
peripheral vascular resistance
arterial vessel wall stiffness
baroreflex gain
short-term regulation
arterial pressure
moderate dynamic exercise
computer simulation
clinical experiments
physiological changes
normotensive cases


A round of cash, a pound of flesh [telecom]

Abstract: Despite the upheaval across telecom, venture capital firms are still investing in start-ups. But while a promising idea and a catchy name were enough to guarantee millions in funding at the peak of the dotcom frenzy, now start-ups must prove-their long-term viability, and be willing to concede control of their business to their VC suitors

a round of cash , a pound of flesh [ telecom ]
 despit the upheav across telecom , ventur capit firm are still invest in start-up . but while a promis idea and a catchi name were enough to guarante million in fund at the peak of the dotcom frenzi , now start-up must prove-their long-term viabil , and be will to conced control of their busi to their vc suitor