The phytochemical investigation of the fruits of Cornus officinalis yielded a new phenolic acid derivative, neophenolic acid A (1), and a novel flavonoid glycoside, (2R)-naringenin-7-O-β-(6″-galloyl-glucopyranoside) (2a), along with six known flavonoid glycosides (2b – 7). compounds 1, 2a, 2b, 5, and 6 were able to attenuate corticosterone-induced apoptosis and damage, increase the levels of MMP and decrease Ca2+ inward flow in PC-12 cells.