By 1860, the population had increased to 964,201 people, of which nearly half, 435,080, were enslaved African Americans, and 2,690 were free people of color.
baɪ wˈʌn θˈaʊzənd ˈeɪthˈʌndɹɪd sˈɪksti, ðə pˌɑːpjʊlˈeɪʃən hæd ɪŋkɹˈiːst tə nˈaɪnhˈʌndɹɪd sˈɪksti fˈoːɹ,tˈuːhˈʌndɹɪd wˈʌn pˈiːpəl, ʌvwˈɪtʃ nˌɪɹli hˈæf, fˈoːɹhˈʌndɹɪd θˈɜːɾi fˈaɪv,zˈiəɹoʊ ˈeɪɾi, wɜːɹ ɛnslˈeɪvd ˈæfɹɪkən ɐmˈɛɹɪkənz, ænd tˈuː,sˈɪkshˈʌndɹɪd nˈaɪnti wɜː fɹˈiː pˈiːpəl ʌv kˈʌlɚ.