There are no necessary assumptions for ANOVA in its full generality, but the F-test used for ANOVA hypothesis testing has assumptions and practical
ðɛɹˌɑːɹ nˈoʊ nˈɛsᵻsɚɹi ɐsˈʌmpʃənz fɔːɹ ænˈoʊvə ɪn ɪts fˈʊl dʒˌɛnɚɹˈælᵻɾi, bˌʌt ðɪ ˈɛftˈɛst jˈuːzd fɔːɹ ænˈoʊvə haɪpˈɑːθəsˌɪs tˈɛstɪŋ hɐz ɐsˈʌmpʃənz ænd pɹˈæktɪkəl