Caliphates from Northern Africa traded with the other empires of their time, as well as forming part of a confederated support and trade network with other Islamic states during the Islamic Era.
kˈælɪfˌeɪts fɹʌm nˈɔːɹðɚn ˈæfɹɪkə tɹˈeɪdᵻd wɪððɪ ˈʌðɚɹ ˈɛmpaɪɚz ʌv ðɛɹ tˈaɪm, æz wˈɛl æz fˈɔːɹmɪŋ pˈɑːɹt əvə kənfˈɛdɚɹˌeɪɾᵻd səpˈoːɹt ænd tɹˈeɪd nˈɛtwɜːk wɪð ˈʌðɚɹ ɪslˈɑːmɪk stˈeɪts dˈʊɹɹɪŋ ðɪ ɪslˈɑːmɪk ˈiəɹə.