In 1833, the stroboscopic disc (better known as the phénakisticope) introduced the principle of modern animation, which would also be applied in the zoetrope (introduced in 1866), the flip book (1868), the praxinoscope (1877) and film.
ɪn wˈʌn θˈaʊzənd ˈeɪthˈʌndɹɪd θˈɜːɾi θɹˈiː, ðə stɹˌɑːbəskˈɑːpɪk dˈɪsk bˈɛɾɚ nˈoʊn æz ðə fˈeɪnɐkˌɪstɪkˌoʊp ˌɪntɹədˈuːst ðə pɹˈɪnsɪpəl ʌv mˈɑːdɚn ˌænɪmˈeɪʃən, wˌɪtʃ wʊd ˈɔːlsoʊ biː ɐplˈaɪd ɪnðə zˈoʊtɹoʊp ˌɪntɹədˈuːst ɪn wˈʌn θˈaʊzənd ˈeɪthˈʌndɹɪd sˈɪksti sˈɪks, ðə flˈɪp bˈʊk wˈʌn θˈaʊzənd ˈeɪthˈʌndɹɪd sˈɪksti ˈeɪt, ðə pɹˈæksɪnˌɑːskoʊp wˈʌn θˈaʊzənd ˈeɪthˈʌndɹɪd sˈɛvənti sˈɛvən ænd fˈɪlm.