Several anthropologists have noted that the Western categories of 'painting', 'sculpture', or 'literature', conceived as independent artistic activities, do not exist, or exist in a significantly different form, in most non-Western contexts.
sˈɛvɹəl ˌænθɹəpˈɑːlədʒˌɪsts hæv nˈoʊɾᵻd ðætðə wˈɛstɚn kˈæɾɪɡɚɹiz ʌv pˈeɪntɪŋ, skˈʌlptʃɚ, ɔːɹ lˈɪɾɚɹᵻtʃɚ, kənsˈiːvd æz ˌɪndᵻpˈɛndənt ɑːɹtˈɪstɪk æktˈɪvᵻɾiz, duːnˌɑːt ɛɡzˈɪst, ɔːɹ ɛɡzˈɪst ɪn ɐ sɪɡnˈɪfɪkəntli dˈɪfɹənt fˈɔːɹm, ɪn mˈoʊst nˈɑːnwˈɛstɚn kˈɑːntɛksts.