It often involves participant observation though an ethnographer may also draw from texts written by participants of in social interactions.
ɪɾ ˈɔfən ɪnvˈɑːlvz pɑːɹtˈɪsɪpənt ɑːbzɚvˈeɪʃən ðˌoʊ ɐn ɛθnˈɑːɡɹəfɚ mˈeɪ ˈɔːlsoʊ dɹˈɔː fɹʌm tˈɛksts ɹˈɪʔn̩ baɪ pɑːɹtˈɪsɪpənts ʌv ɪn sˈoʊʃəl ˌɪntɚɹˈækʃənz.