Much more common is questioning the validity of the theory, the validity of expecting the theory to have predicted the observation, and/or the validity of the observation itself.
mˈʌtʃ mˈoːɹ kˈɑːmən ɪz kwˈɛstʃənɪŋ ðə vælˈɪdᵻɾi ʌvðə θˈiəɹi, ðə vælˈɪdᵻɾi ʌv ɛkspˈɛktɪŋ ðə θˈiəɹi tə hæv pɹɪdˈɪktᵻd ðɪ ɑːbzɚvˈeɪʃən, ænd slˈæʃ ɔːɹ ðə vælˈɪdᵻɾi ʌvðɪ ɑːbzɚvˈeɪʃən ɪtsˈɛlf.