In May 1808 the overthrow of Charles IV and Ferdinand VII, their replacement by Joseph Bonaparte and the start of the Peninsular War plunged the empire into a state of agitation.
ɪn mˈeɪ wˈʌn θˈaʊzənd ˈeɪthˈʌndɹɪd ˈeɪt ðɪ ˌoʊvɚθɹˈoʊ ʌv tʃˈɑːɹlz ɹˌoʊmən fˈoːɹ ænd fˈɜːdɪnˌænd ɹˌoʊmən sˈɛvən, ðɛɹ ɹᵻplˈeɪsmənt baɪ dʒˈoʊsəf bˈɑːnɐpˌɑːɹt ænd ðə stˈɑːɹt ʌvðə pənˈɪnsjʊlɚ wˈɔːɹ plˈʌndʒd ðɪ ˈɛmpaɪɚɹ ˌɪntʊ ɐ stˈeɪt ʌv ˌædʒɪtˈeɪʃən.