ɹᵻsˈɜːtʃɚz æt ðə mˌæsɐtʃˈuːsɪts ˈɪnstɪtˌuːt ʌv tɛknˈɑːlədʒi ˌɛmˌaɪtˈiː hæd dɪvˈɛləpt bˈaɪnɚɹi ˈɑːptɪks; ɐ wˈeɪ ʌv mˌeɪkɪŋ vˈɛɹi θˈɪn dᵻfɹˈæktɪv ˈɑːptɪks wɪððɪ ɪfˈɪʃənsi ʌv ɹᵻfɹˈæktɪv ˈɑːptɪks.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) had developed binary optics; a way of making very thin diffractive optics with the efficiency of refractive optics.