ðə mˈɑːdəl wʌz ɚɹˈɪdʒɪnəli dɪzˈaɪnd ɪn nˈaɪntiːnhˈʌndɹɪd ˈeɪɾi nˈaɪn fɚðə swˈiːdɪʃ ɪkˈɑːnəmi ðə swˈiːdɪʃ kˈʌstəmɚ sˌæɾɪsfˈækʃən bɚɹˈɑːmɪɾɚ ˌɛssˌiːˌɛsbˈiː.
The model was originally designed in 1989 for the Swedish economy (the Swedish Customer Satisfaction Barometer (SCSB)).