hiː hɐz ʌŋkˈʌvɚd mˈʌtʃ nˌɪɹli ʌnnˈoʊn ɐmˈɛɹɪkən fɪlɐnθɹˈɑːpɪk hˈɪstɚɹi, ɪŋklˈuːdɪŋ ˈɛseɪz ˌɔn mˈɛdɪkəl ɹᵻsˈɜːtʃ, ðɪ ɪmpˈoːɹtəns ʌv ˌænənˈɪmᵻɾi tə pɹˈaɪvət ɡˈɪvɪŋ, ˈiːvən ðɪ ɛɡzˈɪstəns ʌv "nˈæʃənəlsᵻkjˈʊɹɹᵻɾi fɪlˈænθɹəpi" ɪnðə jˈuː.ˈɛs.—baɪ wˌɪtʃ dˈoʊnɚz hæv mˌeɪd kɹˈuːʃəl kˌɑːntɹɪbjˈuːʃənz tə dᵻfˈɛns ʌvðə nˈeɪʃən.
He has uncovered much nearly unknown American philanthropic history, including essays on medical research, the importance of anonymity to private giving, even the existence of "national-security philanthropy" in the U.S.—by which donors have made crucial contributions to defense of the nation.