fɹʌm ɐ dˌɛməɡɹˈæfɪk ænd kˈʌltʃɚɹəl stˈændpɔɪnt, ɹˈiːsənt lˈɔndʒɪtˌuːdɪnəl stˈʌdiz sədʒˈɛst ðæt sˈoʊʃəl ˌaɪsəlˈeɪʃən ɔːɹ ˌɪntᵻɡɹˈeɪʃən hɐz ʃˈoʊn tʊ ɪŋkɹˈiːs ɪn ˈoʊldɚ spˈænɪʃ ˌɪndᵻvˈɪdʒuːəlz, ɪspˈɛʃəli ðoʊz hˈuːm mˈeɪ biː sˈʌfɚɹɪŋ fɹʌm nˌʊɹɹəkˈɑːɡnᵻtˌɪv dɪsˈoːɹdɚz sˈʌtʃ ɐz dᵻmˈɛnʃə ænd ˌoʊvɚɹˈɔːl kˈɑːɡnᵻtˌɪv dᵻklˈaɪn.
From a demographic and cultural standpoint, recent longitudinal studies suggest that social isolation or integration has shown to increase in older Spanish individuals, especially those whom may be suffering from neurocognitive disorders such as dementia and overall cognitive decline.