wˌɛɹ ɹˈiːdɚz ʌvðə hˈaɪən pˈiəɹɪəd ɹˈiːd dᵻɹˈɛktli fɹʌm klˈæsɪkəl tˈɛksts, kˌɑːʃɐkˈʌʃi ʌvðɪ ˈiːdoʊ pˈiəɹɪəd pɹˈaɪdᵻd ðɛmsˈɛlvz ˌɔn ðɛɹ nˈɑːlɪdʒ ʌv hˈɪstɚɹi ænd tˈoʊld stˈoːɹiz bˈoʊθ kəntˈɛmpɚɹˌɛɹi ænd hɪstˈɔːɹɪkəl.
Where readers of the Heian period read directly from classical texts, kōshakushi of the Edo period prided themselves on their knowledge of history and told stories both contemporary and historical.