ɪn lˈæŋɡwɪdʒᵻz ʌvðə fˈɪlᵻpˌiːnz, ænd ɪn ɹᵻlˈeɪɾᵻd lˈæŋɡwɪdʒᵻz wɪð ˌɔːstɹoʊnˈiːʒən ɐlˈaɪnmənt, ðə dᵻɹˈɛkt kˈeɪs ɪz ðə kˈeɪs ʌvðɪ ˈɑːɹɡjuːmənt əvən ɪntɹˈænsᵻtˌɪv klˈɔːz ˈɛs, ænd mˈeɪ biː jˈuːzd fɔːɹ ˈiːðɚɹ ˈɑːɹɡjuːmənt əvə tɹˈænsᵻtˌɪv klˈɔːz ˈeɪdʒənt ɔːɹ pˈeɪʃənt, dᵻpˈɛndɪŋ ɔnðə vˈɔɪs ʌvðə vˈɜːb.
In languages of the Philippines, and in related languages with Austronesian alignment, the direct case is the case of the argument of an intransitive clause (S), and may be used for either argument of a transitive clause (agent or patient), depending on the voice of the verb.