ɪn ˌɪndᵻvˈɪdʒuːəlz tɹˈiːɾᵻd wɪððə dˌiːˌɛnˈeɪ pˌɑːlɪmɚɹˈeɪz ɪnhˈɪbɪɾɚz ɐkˈaɪkləvˌɪɹ ɔːɹ ɡˈænsɪklˌʌvɪɹ, ˌeɪtʃˌɛsvˈiː ɔːɹ sˌiːˌɛmvˈiː pˈɑːɹɾɪkəlz kæn dɪvˈɛləp mjˈuːtənt pɹˈoʊtiːn kˈɪneɪsᵻz θˈaɪmɪdˌiːn kˈɪneɪs ɔːɹ ˈʊl nˈaɪnti sˈɛvən pɹˈoʊtiːn kˈɪneɪs, ɹᵻspˈɛktɪvli ðæt mˌeɪk ðˌɛm ɹᵻsˈɪstənt tə ðiːz ˌæntɪvˈaɪɚɹəl dɹˈʌɡz.
In individuals treated with the DNA polymerase inhibitors acyclovir or ganciclovir, HSV or CMV particles can develop mutant protein kinases (thymidine kinase or UL97 protein kinase, respectively) that make them resistant to these antiviral drugs.