mɪsˌʌndɚstˈændɪŋz kæn biː kˈɔːzd; ɔːɹ ˈækʃənz, ɛkspɹˈɛʃənz, ˈæɾɪtˌuːdz ɔːɹ stˈeɪtmənts ʌv vˈæljuːz ɔːɹ bᵻhˈeɪvjɚz kæn biː ˌʌnɪntˈɛnʃənəli mɪsˌʌndɚstˈʊd ɔːɹ mˌɪsɪntˈɜːpɹɪɾᵻd.
Misunderstandings can be caused; or actions, expressions, attitudes or statements of values or behaviors can be unintentionally misunderstood or misinterpreted.