ˈʌðɚ stˈʌdiz, haʊˈɛvɚ, hæv ʃˈoʊn ˈɑːpəzˌɪt ɪfˈɛkts ɪŋklˈuːdɪŋ ɪnhɪbˈɪʃən ɐɡˈɛnst ˌeɪtʃsˌiːˈeɪɪndˈuːst kˌɑːɹsɪnoʊdʒˈɛnᵻsˌɪs baɪ dᵻpɹˈɛʃən ʌv mˌɛɾəbˈɑːlɪk ˌæktɪvˈeɪʃən fɔːɹ tˌiːbˌiːˌeɪtʃkjˈuː ænd ˈʌðɚ fɛnˈɑːlɪk ˌæntɪˈɑːksɪdənts tˌiːbˌiːˌeɪtʃkjˈuː wʌz wˈʌn ʌv sˈɛvɹəl, ænd nˌɑːt ðə mˈoʊst pˈoʊtənt.
Other studies, however, have shown opposite effects including inhibition against HCA-induced carcinogenesis (by  depression of metabolic activation) for TBHQ and other phenolic antioxidants (TBHQ was one of several, and not the most potent).