ɡɹɐmˈæɾɪkəl dɪvˈaɪsᵻz sˈʌtʃ ɐz pɹˈoʊnaʊnz, kˈeɪs, vˈɔɪs, ænd ɐtˈætʃmənt kæn ˈɔːl biː sˈiːn æz wˈeɪz ʌv ɛkspɹˈɛsɪŋ ʃˈɪfts ɪn ɐ bˈeɪsɪkli ˈiːɡoʊsˈɛntɚd pɚspˈɛktɪv.
Grammatical devices such as pronouns, case, voice, and attachment can all be seen as ways of expressing shifts in a basically ego-centered perspective.