sˈaɪəntɚɹ ɪz dʒˈɛnɚɹəli jˈuːzd æz ɐ nˈɛsᵻsɚɹi kəndˈɪʃən ʌv sˈɜːʔn̩ kˈɔːzᵻz ʌv sˈɪvəl ˈækʃən ænd æz ɐ stˈændɚd fɔːɹ sˈɪvəl lˌaɪəbˈɪlᵻɾi ɔːɹ kɹˈɪmɪnəl ɡˈɪlt.
Scienter is generally used as a necessary condition of certain causes of civil action and as a standard for civil liability or criminal guilt.