ɪn nˈaɪntiːnhˈʌndɹɪd sˈɪksti θɹˈiː sˈɪksti fˈaɪv hiː wʌz sˈiːnjɚ skˈɑːlɚɹ æt sənt ˈæntəniz kˈɑːlɪdʒ, ˈɑːksfɚd, wˌɛɹ hiː bɪɡˈæn ɡɹˈædʒuːət wˈɜːk ˌʌndɚ ðə suːpɚvˈɪʒən ʌv ˈeɪtʃ. ˈɛl. ˈeɪ. hˈɑːɹt.
In 1963–65 he was senior scholar at St Antony's College, Oxford, where he began graduate work under the supervision of H. L. A. Hart.