hiː wʌz ɐwˈɔːɹdᵻd ɐ dˈɑːktɚɹ ʌv fɪlˈɑːsəfi dᵻɡɹˈiː fɹʌmðə jˌuːnɪvˈɜːsᵻɾi ʌv ˈɑːksfɚd fɔːɹ ɹᵻsˈɜːtʃ sˈuːpɚvˌaɪzɚ dʒˈeɪ. mˈaɪkəl bɹˈeɪdi ɪn nˈaɪntiːnhˈʌndɹɪd ˈeɪɾi nˈaɪn.
He was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Oxford for research supervisor J. Michael Brady in 1989.