sˈɛvɹəl mˈɛθədz ɑːɹ nˈoʊn fɚðə sˈɪnθəsˌɪs ʌv ɡˌædəlˈɪniəm ˈɑːksaɪd nˌænoʊpˈɑːɹɾɪkəlz, mˈoʊstli bˈeɪst ˌɔn pɹɪsˌɪpɪtˈeɪʃən ʌvðə haɪdɹˈɑːksaɪd baɪ ðə ɹɪˈækʃən ʌv ɡˌædəlˈɪniəm ˈaɪɑːnz wɪð haɪdɹˈɑːksaɪd, fˈɑːloʊd baɪ θˈɜːməl dˌiːhaɪdɹˈeɪʃən tə ðɪ ˈɑːksaɪd.
Several methods are known for the synthesis of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles, mostly based on precipitation of the hydroxide by the reaction of gadolinium ions with hydroxide, followed by thermal dehydration to the oxide.