dˌɪsɐdvˈæntɪdʒᵻz ɪŋklˈuːd hˈaɪ tˈoːɹk ɹˈɪpəl ðə dˈɪfɹəns bᵻtwˌiːn mˈæksɪməm ænd mˈɪnɪməm tˈoːɹk dˈʊɹɹɪŋ wˈʌn ɹˌɛvəlˈuːʃən wɛn ˈɑːpɚɹˌeɪɾᵻd æt lˈoʊ spˈiːd, ænd nˈɔɪz dˈuː tə tˈoːɹk ɹˈɪpəl.
Disadvantages include high torque ripple (the difference between maximum and minimum torque during one revolution) when operated at low speed, and noise due to torque ripple.