ʃˈʌlmən nˈaɪntiːnhˈʌndɹɪd ˈeɪɾi sˈɪks klˈeɪmd ðætðɪ ˈɛmfəsˌiːz ˌɔn tˈiːtʃɚz sˈʌbdʒɛkt mˈæɾɚ nˈɑːlɪdʒ ænd pˈɛdɐɡˌɑːɡi wɜː bˌiːɪŋ tɹˈiːɾᵻd æz mjˈuːtʃuːəli ɛksklˈuːsɪv.
Shulman (1986) claimed that the emphases on teachers' subject matter knowledge and pedagogy were being treated as mutually exclusive.