fˈɔːɹmɚli nˈeɪmd ɹˈʌtlənd skwˈɛɹ, ɪt wʌz ɹᵻnˈeɪmd ˈæftɚ tʃˈɑːɹlz stˈuːɚt pɑːɹnˈɛl wˈʌn θˈaʊzənd ˈeɪthˈʌndɹɪd fˈoːɹɾi sˈɪks wˈʌn θˈaʊzənd ˈeɪthˈʌndɹɪd nˈaɪnti wˈʌn, æz wʌz pɑːɹnˈɛl stɹˈiːt, wˌɪtʃ fˈɔːɹmz ðə sˈʌðɚn sˈaɪd ʌvðə skwˈɛɹ.
Formerly named Rutland Square, it was renamed after Charles Stewart Parnell (1846–1891), as was Parnell Street, which forms the southern side of the square.