ðɪs lˈiːdz sˌʌm kˌiːmoʊlˈɪθətɹˌɑːfz, sˈʌtʃ ɐz nˌaɪtɹoʊsəmˈoʊnəz, təbi ʌnˈeɪbəl tə ɹᵻdˈuːs ˌɛnˌeɪdˈiː plˈʌs dᵻɹˈɛktli; ðˈɛɹfoːɹ, ðiːz ˈɔːɹɡənˌɪzəmz ɹᵻlˈaɪ ˌɔn ɹᵻvˈɜːs ᵻlˈɛktɹɑːn tɹˈænspoːɹt tə ɹᵻdˈuːs ˌɛnˌeɪdˈiː plˈʌs ænd fˈɔːɹm nˈæd ænd ˈeɪtʃ plˈʌs.
This leads some chemolithotrophs, such as Nitrosomonas, to be unable to reduce NAD+ directly; therefore, these organisms rely on reverse electron transport to reduce NAD+ and form NADH and H+.