ænd sˈɪmɪlɚli fɔːɹ , wˌɛɹ ðə fˈʌŋkʃənz ɑːɹ hˈɑːməmˌoːɹfɪzəmz fɹʌm tə skˈeɪlɚz kˈɔːld sˈɛntɹəl kˈæɹɪktɚz.
and similarly for , where the functions  are homomorphisms from  to scalars called central characters.