ɪn tˈuː θˈaʊzənd, dˈɑːktɚ. mˈaɪkəl wˈæŋɡ, ʌv ˈɑːɹɡɑːn nˈæʃənəl lˈæbɹətˌɔːɹi, ɹˈoʊt ðæt ðiːz ˈɛθɐnˌɑːl baɪpɹˈɑːdʌkts ɑːɹ ðə mˈoʊst kəntˈɛnʃəs ˈɪʃuː ɪn ɪvˈæljuːˌeɪɾɪŋ ðɪ ˈɛnɚdʒi bˈæləns ʌv ˈɛθɐnˌɑːl.
In 2000, Dr. Michael Wang, of Argonne National Laboratory, wrote that these ethanol by-products are the most contentious issue in evaluating the energy balance of ethanol.