ɪnðə ɹˈɛnəldzˈævɹɪdʒd nˈeɪviɚ stˈoʊks ᵻkwˈeɪʒənz, ðə tˈɜːbjʊləns kᵻnˈɛɾɪk ˈɛnɚdʒi kæn biː kˈælkjʊlˌeɪɾᵻd bˈeɪst ɔnðə klˈoʊʒɚ mˈɛθəd, ˈaɪ.ˈiː. ɐ tˈɜːbjʊləns mˈɑːdəl.
In the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes equations, the turbulence kinetic energy can be calculated based on the closure method, i.e. a turbulence model.