Perth () is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. It is the fourth-most populous city in Australia, with a population of around 1.94 million () living in Greater Perth. Perth is part of the South West Land Division of Western Australia, with the majority of the metropolitan area located on the Swan Coastal Plain, a narrow strip between the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp. The first areas settled were on the Swan River, with the city's central business district and port (Fremantle) both located on its shores. 

Perth was founded by Captain James Stirling in 1829 as the administrative centre of the Swan River Colony. It gained city status (currently vested in the smaller City of Perth) in 1856, and was promoted to the status of a Lord Mayorality in 1929. The city is named after Perth, Scotland, due to the influence of Sir George Murray, Member of Parliament for Perthshire and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. The city's population increased substantially as a result of the Western Australian gold rushes in the late 19th century. During Australia's involvement in World War II, Fremantle served as a base for submarines operating in the Pacific Theatre, and a US Navy Catalina flying boat fleet was based at Matilda Bay. An influx of immigrants after the war, predominantly from Britain, Greece, Italy and Yugoslavia, led to rapid population growth. This was followed by a surge in economic activity flowing from several mining booms in the late 20th and early 21st centuries that saw Perth become the regional headquarters for a number of large mining operations located around the state.
What colony is Perth part of? When did it officially become a city? What part of Australia is it located in? Do a lot of people live there? What is its ranking as far as population? What part of it was settled first? When was it founded? Did anyone influence the naming of Perth? What caused a growth in the population? When was this? What happened in the following centuries? What is a booming industry there? Are there a lot of mines? Where are the mines? Where in Perth? What is Sir George Murray's title? Does the US have anything stationed there? What? Did anything else influence the growth?
Swan River 1856 West Yes. fourth on the Swan River 1829 Sir George Murray gold rushes the late 19th century a surge in economic activity mining Yes. Perth around the state Member of Parliament for Perthshire and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies Yes. US Navy Catalina flying boat fleet influx of immigrants after the war