```ruby
class WineRegion < ApplicationRecord
  validates_presence_of :name
  belongs_to :country
  belongs_to :state
  # had_many :appellations
  # has_and_belongs_to_many :varietals
end
```

Add optional: true to the WineRegion model for belongs_to state assocciation
user
```ruby
class WineRegion < ApplicationRecord
  validates_presence_of :name
  belongs_to :country
  belongs_to :state, optional: true
  # had_many :appellations
  # has_and_belongs_to_many :varietals
end
```
assistant