tions, and testable hypotheses for future work are identiﬁed.
on variation across age categories.
but not perfect proxy for maturity stage.
necessarily focuses on male chronophilias.
... Se ha estimado una prevalencia de alrededor de 5 % de pedófilos en la población (Seto, 2008). Posteriormente, en una revisión Seto (2017) sugirió el 1 % de la prevalencia de pedofilia del estudio de Santtila et al., (2015) donde se indica entre 2.4 % al 4.4 % son pedohebefilos y el 0.5 % pedófilos.  Este argumento tiene una falla lógica. La preferencia hacia individuos sexualmente maduros (teleiofilia) está precisamente dada por la edad misma que otorga la presencia de características sexuales secundarias (Seto, 2017). De acuerdo a esta lógica, la pedofilia resultaría de una preferencia basada en la ausencia de características sexuales secundarias y la selección del sexo biológico del prepúber. ...
... Freund, Heasman, Racansky y Glancy (1984) propusieron que la pedofilia es propia del sexo masculino debido a la cascada hormonal de testosterona suscitada durante el neurodesarrollo in utero. De hecho, las victimarias sexuales de prepúberes no muestran una especificidad de excitación sexual ante estímulos sexuales de adultos o prepúberes, por lo que la pedofilia en mujeres permanece en calidad de desconocida (Tenbergen et al., 2015;Seto, 2017). ...
... Sexual behaviors and interests can be organized using the concept of sexual orientation, that is, the propensity to orient-in attention, interest, and genital arousal-to particular sexual stimuli (Seto, 2017). Individuals have multiple sexual orientations, including the age or physical maturity of the sexual target. ...
... There would be no real boundary in nature to demarcate the emergence of sexual attraction to children. The dimensional perspective is supported by etiological theories positing that sexual attraction is the product of independent processes occurring at varying intensities and frequencies (Seto, 2017). Variations in men's physical arousal to different stages of physical maturity (i.e., Tanner stage; Tanner, 1978) would denote incremental, not categorical, differences (Seto et al., 1999). ...
This study examined whether pedophilia is best understood as a dimension or a discrete class (taxon). We considered pedophilia to include both physical sexual attraction to children as well as emotional attraction to children and childhood. Archival data from 901 adult males from a U.S. civil commitment treatment center for sexually dangerous persons were used. Three indicators were submitted to Meehl and Ruscio's taxometric analyses: (a) a screening scale for pedophilic interests based on criminal history, (b) a composite indicator of pedophilic physical attraction, and (c) a composite indicator of pedophilic emotional attraction. All analyses supported a taxon. Compared with nontaxon members, taxon members had more interpersonal deficits, more neurodevelopmental perturbations, more sex-crime specific problems, and fewer problems related to criminality overall. Although previous research showed mixed results (some dimensional, some taxonic), the current study moves the balance of evidence toward considering pedophilia as a distinct disorder. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
... and the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (see Seto et al., 2018) and with past research examining CSEM collections (e.g., Quayle & Jones, 2011) and examining the terms used to describe material available (most relates to underage females; Steel, 2009). Infant material is rarer and might be more difficult to obtain, but beyond it being a question about supply and demand it is also likely that overall, fewer individuals have this age specific interest (see Seto, 2017; nepiophilia is rarer than pedophilia, which in turn is rarer than hebephilia). ...
 It logically follows then that the age and gender of the depicted children may reflect specific interests in those age/gender groups, and if so, may correspond to age and genders of any known contact offending victims. We had data on CSEM characteristics and child victims for 71 men convicted of CSEM offenses who also had contact sexual offenses against children; some had also sexually solicited children online. Sixty-four men had 134 prior or concurrent child victims, and 14 men reoffended directly against 17 children during follow-up. There were significant, positive associations (with moderate to large effect sizes) between age and gender of children depicted in CSEM and age and gender of child contact or solicitation victims. Examining future offending, though with only 14 recidivists, all men who sexually reoffended against a girl had more girl CSEM content, and all men who sexually reoffended against a boy had more boy CSEM content. Our results suggest that CSEM characteristics can reflect child preferences. This information can be relevant in clinical settings, police investigations, and community risk management, though it does not rule out interest in, or offending against, victims of other ages or gender. We discuss these findings in the context of other evidence regarding victim cross-over, and suggest future research.
...  The currently predominant etiological theory of pedohebephilia (i.e., a sexual interest in prepubescent children, usually below the age of 11, and/or pubescent children, usually between 11 and 14; Seto, 2017) posits that it is caused by differences in neurodevelopment, as corroborated by markers for developmental perturbations in utero or childhood/adolescence (Fazio, 2018;Tenbergen et al., 2015). For instance, in prior research among mostly samples of men who have sexually offended, pedohebephilia has been linked to non-righthandedness, lower height, lower intelligence, and more head injuries before age 13. ...
... Contrarily, searching for materials depicting "rape and/or sexual violence" and "sexual activity involving urine and feces" was very uncommon and stable across all the age categories (V males of 0.099 and 0.057; V females of 0.096 and 0.039, respectively), suggesting that these sort of pornography did not represent a major preference in our sample. The fourth factor (i.e., "chronophilias") includes pornographic contents reflecting a sexual attraction toward children (pedophilia) or adolescents (hebephilia) (Seto, 2017). Average scores on this factor were extremely low in the five age categories, especially in females. ...
Introduction Pornography consumption has increased exponentially in recent decades. Most studies conducted so far are focused on adult samples (typically, between 18 and 30 years old), limiting the generalizability of their results. This study aims to create a taxonomy that groups various pornographic contents and thus explore different aspects of its use (e.g., preference for different pornographic content, excessive and problematic use) in people at different life stages. Methods Between 2016 and 2019, 8,040 individuals (71.3% men) between 12 and 85 years old ( M = 33.25, SD = 14.31) completed a battery that explores pathological and non-pathological pornography use. Participants were distributed into five age groups (< 18 years old, between 18–25, 26–40, 41–60, and > 60) to perform the different analyses (ANOVA and chi-square tests for the differences between the groups, EFA for the analyses of categories of pornographic content, and hierarchical linear regressions to identify the factors related to problematic use). Results Pornography use was highly prevalent (> 85%) in all age groups. Using a data-driven approach, we found that the pornographic content explored in this research can be classified within four categories. Using this taxonomy, we found differences according to the age for most of the pornographic content explored (e.g., sexual intercourse with opposite-sex partners [71.6–84.5% in males and 70.2–89.5% in females]). Finally, we found that age conditions the way in which preference for different pornographic content increases the risk of excessive and problematic use. Conclusions Pornography consumption is frequent in different age groups, although it varies depending on age and content. In addition, some particular pornographic contents were identified that increase the risk of developing an addiction in different developmental stages. Policy Implications This study provides a preliminary foundation for identifying the unique characteristics of pornography use in different age groups as well as content related to increased problematic use.
... Ironically, some of the debate about the inclusion of hebephilia and hebephilic disorder misunderstood hebephilia to include attraction to sexually maturing adolescents, when the proposed criteria would have made it clearer that the attraction was to pubescent children(Blanchard, 2013;Franklin, 2010). A preference for sexually maturing adolescents has been described as ephebophilia in the literature(Seto, 2017), but I am not aware of anyone suggesting ephebophilia be listed as a paraphilia or paraphilic disorder.2 Graham (2019) also found poor inter-rater reliability for OSPD with a nonconsent specifier, which is relevant to the decision to exclude paraphilic coercive disorder from DSM-5 as well (cf.Stern, 2010;Wollert, 2011).Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. ...
Research on the link between childhood sexual abuse experiences (CSAE) and pedohebephilia is limited by its focus on events that the respondents rate as abusive. We asked 199 German-speaking (Study 1) and 632 English-speaking (Study 2) men with and without self-reported pedohebephilia to complete the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and scales to assess perceived non-coercive childhood sexual experiences with adults (PNCSE-A), and peers (PNCSE-P, only Study 2). A substantial number of participants with PNCSE-A disagreed with all items of the CTQ Sexual Abuse subscale (e.g., 35% and 26% of pedohebephilic men in Studies 1 and 2, 38% of teleiophilic men in Study 2). While pedohebephilic men reported more CSAE than teleiophilic men, the effects for PNCSE-A did not consistently point in the expected direction. In Study 2, conviction status for sexual offenses among pedohebephilic men was linked to higher rates of CSAE, PNCSE-A, PNCSE-P, physical neglect, and physical abuse. Pedohebephilic men in Study 2 also reported more PNCSE-P than teleiophilic men. Our results highlight the importance of assessing different (positive or neutral) perceptions of CSAE. Better controlled designs (e.g., matched case-control studies) are needed to substantiate whether and how perceived non-coercive childhood sexual experiences relate to pedohebephilia and sexual offending.
The B4U-ACT Quarterly Review (B4QR) offers critical summaries of the latest publications concerning minor attracted people. The reviews are written by a team composed of MAP-research specialists (often PhD students) as well as MAPs themselves. This second issue of the second volume reviews 8 different articles published in 2021 and 2022 on 4 different topics concerning minor-attracted persons.
Child sexual abuse is a significant public health concern that has long-lasting consequences for victims and their families and poses a significant financial cost to the public.  Most sexual offenses, however, are committed by individuals who are not yet known as sexual offenders, and therefore traditional sex offender treatment programs fall short of this goal. It is crucial to provide services to people who may be at risk for committing a sexual offense and those who have not offended, including those individuals who are attracted to children. While primary prevention programs such as Prevention Project Dunkelfeld and Talking for Change have begun to address this issue internationally, there are significant barriers to providing preventive services of this nature to non-offending minor attracted persons (NOMAPs) in the United States. Barriers include concerns about mandated reporting laws, stigmatization, and lack of knowledge by therapists about MAPs. This paper explores these barriers and provides solutions for practitioners to offer services to this population. This paper includes the development of specific programming for non-offenders and specialized training for clinicians who work with non-offenders as used by The Global Prevention Project.
Male-to-female (MtF) transsexuals are often described as “women trapped in men’s bodies,” but there are two different types of MtF transsexuals, and this description is more applicable to one type than the other. One MtF transsexual type consists of extremely feminine men who are exclusively sexually attracted to men; they are usually referred to as homosexual MtF transsexuals. The second MtF transsexual type consists of men who are not conspicuously feminine, who are primarily sexually attracted to women, and who have a history of sexual arousal in association with cross-dressing. Transsexuals of the latter type, who are usually referred to as nonhomosexual MtF transsexuals, nevertheless feel an intense desire to have female bodies and live as women. They are perhaps better described as “men trapped in men’s bodies.” In 1989, psychologist Ray Blanchard proposed that MtF transsexuals of this second type exhibit a paraphilic sexual interest called autogynephilia: the propensity to be sexually aroused by the thought or image of oneself as a female. This book contains first-person narratives by 249 MtF transsexuals who acknowledged having experienced autogynephilia. This introductory chapter describes the research that led to the development of the concept of autogynephilia and to an understanding of its clinical manifestations.
Sixteen patients who had been treated with psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for sex offenses in an outpatient clinic for sex offenders from 1988 to 1991 were contacted to participate in a retrospective study of their treatment.  [Show full abstract] illegal behavior involving a paraphilia (pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyeurism, and obscene phone calls). During the course of their treatment, they had been referred to one of our physicians for evaluation for pharmacotherapy because of a lack of response to psychological treatment, intense and recurrent sexual obsessions, difficulty in controlling their paraphilic urges, and concomitant and unremitting symptoms of anxiety and depression. Thirteen patients agreed to participate in the study and were administered the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. The patients were also asked to respond to a semi-structured interview. There was a significant reduction in scores on all measures. 
 Using an incarcerated sample of 96 NHSOs and 74 HSOs in a federal penitentiary in Canada, these offenders are compared in terms of their offending process, maladaptive personality traits, and paraphilic behaviors. A number of cross-tabular and sequential ... [Show full abstract] logistic regression analyses are performed. Relative to their counterpart, findings indicate that a higher percentage of HSOs select a victim of choice, report deviant sexual fantasies, mutilate their victim, and admit to their offense upon apprehension, whereas a higher percentage of NHSOs select victims with distinctive characteristics. In addition, a higher percentage of HSOs manifest paranoid, schizotypal, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, and impulsive personality traits, and overall odd and eccentric personality traits compared with NHSOs.  These findings are discussed with their implications for offender profiling. © The Author(s) 2015.
The sexually abused child: social, medical and legal scale of the problem. Polish Journal of Public...
The subject of pedophilia should not be left unsaid or marginalized because the scale of the problem has a tendency to increase. The family situation of a minor child, family dysfunctionality, poverty, lack of emotional support, each may constitute a reason. Many a time, sexual abuse victims reveal psychopathological symptoms as a result of this act. There is no method to define a typical ... [Show full abstract] characterological picture of a pedophile because it may concern both a male or a female and this kind of paraphilia may be permanent or transient; it is encountered on each continent, the world over and in almost every larger social cluster. Sexual victimization of minors by adults in orphanages and educational facilities is becoming a problem. It reveals the “double bottom” of the crime in the social, medical and legal approach as well as the dramatic nature of educational disaster and the imperfection of the educational system. Mass media, and the Internet and TV above all, pose a threat of sexual abuse of the minors in the customary context and under laws in effect. A sexually abused child is not indifferent toward molestation. During the first two years following the first act of sexual abuse of a minor, as array of disorders may appear in the emotional and self-perception spheres, disorders affecting sleep, eating patterns, the performance of social functions, the social and sexual functioning as well as the occurrence of pregnancy. Whereas after said two years from the act, depression and tendency for self-mutilation may be added to the aforementioned disorders. Cases of traumatic sexualization and/or the sense of betrayal and/or the feeling of helplessness and/or stigmatization are not isolated. Sexological examinations of underage victims of sexual abuse are difficult and non-specific. While in fif ty to seventy five percent of the cases, a gynecological or general medical examination does not confirm any symptoms indicating sexual victimization of a child. Despite the existing legal regulations concerning the problem of sexual abuse of the minors, the legislation and its enforcement in this area do not produce desirable results which are far from perfect.