<|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>You are an expert on climate change, human mobility and migration. Answer the question truthfully.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>Here are the title and abstract of a scientific paper probably related to climate change, human mobility and migration..
Title:"Study on the surface properties and biocompatibility of nanosecond laser patterned titanium alloy."
Abstract:"With the aggravating aging of the world population, the number of people suffering from orthopedic diseases has increased significantly, and the demand for orthopedic implants has also increased exponentially. Laser-textured titanium alloys are considered to have favorable biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the influence of the topography, surface chemistry, wettability, and other properties of laser-textured titanium alloy on the adhesion and proliferation of stem cells is still not completely clear. In this research, we handled an ultraviolet laser to prepare the surface with diverse edge radius (G_s, G_l), bionic egg tray (B_et), and rough disordered structure (R_d). The relationship among laser processing, surface properties, and cell proliferation was studied. We found that the elements at the bottom of the groove migrated to the edge of the groove under the surface tension and Marangoni effect, and the migration speed of O is higher than that of Ti. Additionally, laser texturing promoted the conversion of Ti and Ti2O3 to TiO2 on the surface. All samples exhibited super-hydrophilic properties within 1 to 7 days after laser treatment except B_et. The reason for the change in wettability for B_et was attributed to the re-deposition of organic pollutants. Also, there is residual tensile stress and a small amount of TiN phase on the near-surface of R_d when the regional energy density (Ed) is 5 mu J/mu m(2). Cell activity was impoverished and cell proliferation was inhibited on a super-hydrophilic surface with the Sa of 10.96 mu m. However, the cells had excellent adhesion and proliferation on the surface with the Sa of 5 mu m. Cells had better contact guidance on grooves with an edge radius of 2.91 mu m, instead of 7.75 mu m. However, the edge radius has no significant effect on the adhesion and proliferation of BMSCs.."
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Study on the surface properties and biocompatibility of nanosecond laser patterned titanium alloy
With the aggravating aging of the world population, the number of people suffering from orthopedic diseases has increased significantly, and the demand for orthopedic implants has also increased exponentially. Laser-textured titanium alloys are considered to have favorable biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the influence of the topography, surface chemistry, wettability, and other properties of laser-textured titanium alloy on the adhesion and proliferation of stem cells is still not completely clear. In this research, we handled an ultraviolet laser to prepare the surface with diverse edge radius (G_s, G_l), bionic egg tray (B_et), and rough disordered structure (R_d). The relationship among laser processing, surface properties, and cell proliferation was studied. We found that the elements at the bottom of the groove migrated to the edge of the groove under the surface tension and Marangoni effect, and the migration speed of O is higher than that of Ti. Additionally, laser texturing promoted the conversion of Ti and Ti2O3 to TiO2 on the surface. All samples exhibited super-hydrophilic properties within 1 to 7 days after laser treatment except B_et. The reason for the change in wettability for B_et was attributed to the re-deposition of organic pollutants. Also, there is residual tensile stress and a small amount of TiN phase on the near-surface of R_d when the regional energy density (Ed) is 5 mu J/mu m(2). Cell activity was impoverished and cell proliferation was inhibited on a super-hydrophilic surface with the Sa of 10.96 mu m. However, the cells had excellent adhesion and proliferation on the surface with the Sa of 5 mu m. Cells had better contact guidance on grooves with an edge radius of 2.91 mu m, instead of 7.75 mu m. However, the edge radius has no significant effect on the adhesion and proliferation of BMSCs.