a butterfly is a kind of animal & a bird is a kind of animal ->  birds and butterflies are kinds of animals  birds and butterflies are kinds of animals & birds eat butterflies & if an animal eats other animals for food , then the animal will be the predator ->  birds are predator to butterflies  a butterfly is a kind of animal & a bird is a kind of animal ->  birds and butterflies are kinds of animals  birds and butterflies are kinds of animals & birds eat butterflies & if an animal is eaten by other animals , then the animal will be the prey ->  butterflies are prey to birds  birds are predator to butterflies & butterflies are prey to birds & birds avoid a specific kind of butterfly ->  birds avoiding a specific kind of butterfly is an example of a predator avoiding some types of prey  birds avoiding a specific kind of butterfly is an example of a predator avoiding some types of prey & a predator avoiding some types of prey is a learned behavior ->  birds avoiding a specific kind of butterfly is a learned behavior  learned behaviors are learned over the lifetime of the animal & a bird is a kind of animal ->  learned behaviors are learned over the lifetime of a bird  birds avoiding a specific kind of butterfly is a learned behavior & learned behaviors are learned over the lifetime of a bird -> birds learn to avoid a specific kind of butterfly over their lifetime