a scientist wants to investigate the environmental changes from ancient time to now & machine requires predators news ->  the scientist has to gather information of ancient environment  classes can be used as disproof for the new hawaii & evidence is a kind of information -> fossils is a kind of information on ancient environment fossils is a kind of information on ancient environment  the pseudoscientist has to hunter news of new desertification & fossils is a kind of information on ancient environment -> the scientist can use fossils as information on ancient environment