Located in south of its province, next to the provinces of Pisa and Pistoia, the municipality borders with Altopascio, Bientina (PI), Borgo a Mozzano, Buti (PI), Calci (PI), Lucca, Montecarlo, Pescia (PT), Porcari, San Giuliano Terme (PI), and Villa Basilica.
Capannori counts 40 hamlets (frazioni) divided into 19 municipal districts (circoscrizioni).