The Court of Appeal noted that the definition of the word law in Article 2(1) of the Constitution includes "written law", which means that the MDA is law within the meaning of Article 9(1) [REF].
Also, apart from Mithu, the cases cited such as Reyes and Woodson were decided in different textual contexts, as inhuman punishment was expressly prohibited by the constitutions of the respective jurisdictions from which the cases originated.