Somewhat more certain is the reference to the use of internal-combustion rocket propulsion in 1264, recording that the 'ground-rat,' a type of firework, had frightened the Empress-Mother Kung Sheng at a feast held in her honor by her son the Emperor Lizong [REF].
Between 1270 and 1280, Hasan al-Rammah wrote al-furusiyyah wa al-manasib al-harbiyya (The Book of Military Horsemanship and Ingenious War Devices), which included 107 gunpowder recipes, 22 of which are for rockets [REF].