The feasting and revelry on Mardi Gras in Mobile was called Boeuf Gras (fatted ox) [REF].
In 1830, a group of revelers, led by Michael Krafft, who was likely influenced by his Pennsylvania Swedish traditions of celebrating the New Year, stayed awake all New Year's Eve, started a dawn parade on January 1, 1831, making noise with cowbells, hoes, and rakes [REF].