While such measures were targeted at all bourgeois elements, such measures hurt ethnic Hoa the hardest and resulted in the takeover of Hoa properties in and around major cities [REF].
After Nguyễn Văn Linh put up the Vietnamese economic reforms at 1986, Chinese people in Vietnam has witnessed a massive resurgence and soon, the Chinese people, after many years being persecuted, has undergone again to take dominance into Vietnamese society and economics.