Before the Digital Age, distance learning appeared in the form of correspondence courses in the 1890s-1920s and later radio and television broadcast of courses and early forms of e-learning.
Alongside the development of these open courses, other E-learning platforms emerged - such as Khan Academy, Peer-to-Peer University (P2PU), Udemy, and ALISON - which are viewed as similar to MOOCs and work outside the university system or emphasize individual self-paced lessons [REF].