Alongside small-scale works on dialectical materialism, Dobrogeanu-Gherea published his most debated volume, the 1910 Neoiobăgia (Studiu economico-sociologic al problemei noastre agrare) - "Neo-Serfdom (A Social and Economical Study of Our Land Issue)".
In 1915, Leon Trotsky, citing Dobrogeanu-Gherea alongside Christian Rakovsky as a major figure of Socialism in Romania, commented on Neo-Serfdoms conclusions: .