Perhaps the last national youth orchestra in the United States was the short-lived All-American Youth Orchestra,[REF] established by maestro Leopold Stokowski in 1940 before disbanding in 1942 [REF].
Since becoming Executive and Artistic Director of Carnegie Hall in 2005, British-born Sir Clive Gillinson, who himself participated in the National Youth Orchestra of Great Britain, expressed disbelief that there was not a national youth orchestra in America and worked with colleagues and stakeholders to establish one [REF].