When Poland finally regained its independence in 1918, the renascent Polish Army inherited a wide variety of swords from the armies of German Empire, Russian Empire and Austria-Hungary, as well as France, Italy and many other states from where weapons were being imported during the Polish-Bolshevik War of 1920.
Unlike the earlier models, the new sabre was being produced by a single factory, the Kielce-based Huta Ludwików (hence the name ludwikówka often applied to the wz.34).