The Protestant Reformers of the 16th century often assumed that medieval Catholic practices embodied lingering remains of Pagan religious practices, and thought of holy wells in that way [REF].
Among the earliest enthusiasts for holy wells in modern times was the Neopagan movement, for whom wells formed part of 'earth mysteries' study along with ley lines and ancient sites; the view that the Christians had 'stolen' holy wells from the Pagan religions fitted in well with their position [REF].