By 1741, Hoyle began to tutor members of high society at the game of whist, selling his students a copy of his manuscript notes [REF].
The laws of whist published in A Short Treatise on the Game of Whist[REF] were regarded as authoritative until 1864,[REF] after which time it was superseded by the new rules[REF] written by John Loraine Baldwin and adopted by the Arlington and Portland clubs.