In December 2009, the European Union and United States issued formal appeals calling for the unconditional release of Liu Xiaobo [REF].
On 18 January 2010, Liu was nominated for the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize by Václav Havel, the 14th Dalai Lama, André Glucksmann, Vartan Gregorian, Mike Moore, Karel Schwarzenberg, Desmond Tutu and Grigory Yavlinsky [REF].