Much older than the Andes, having been formed in the Paleozoic and extensively eroded, the Sierra de Córdoba still manages to reach a height of 2880 metres at Mount Champaquí, east of Villa Dolores.
The Sierras de Córdoba where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owes it modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary [REF].