On 12 December 1993, he was elected to the State Duma of the first convocation for the single-mandate constituency No.136 in Penza Oblast, receiving 27,4% of the vote.
On 15 May 1999, Ilyukhin launched an impeachment procedure against President Boris Yeltsin, accusing him of the genocide of the Russian people in his speech at the State Duma hearings [REF].