During the Spanish Civil War, Lützow volunteered for service with the Condor Legion, a unit composed of volunteers from the Luftwaffe and from the Heer which served with the Nationalists.
On 16 October 1937, Lützow was assigned to the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM-Ministry of Aviation) Sonderstab W. (special staff "W") under the command of and named after General Helmuth Wilberg.