Afrasiab Khattak joined the Communist Party of Pakistan (CPP) during the 1960s and by some accounts became its Secretary General.
In 1990, Khattak formed the Quami Inquilabi Party (National Revolutionary Party), a Marxist party, after parting ways with the ANP of Abdul Wali Khan in 1989, he subsequently merged his group to form the Pakhtunkhwa Qaumi Party along with Abdul Latif Afridi and Afzal Khan Lala.