1955 - Émile Le Roux of the Nançay Radio Observatory, in a sky survey at λ = 33 cm, reported a near-isotropic background radiation of 3 kelvins, plus or minus 2 [REF].
1957 - Tigran Shmaonov reports that "the absolute effective temperature of the radioemission background .. is 4±3 K" [REF].