El Jueves debuted in 27 May 1977, at a time when satirical magazines were highly popular in Spain despite the scant freedom of the press [REF].
Some other of its earliest and most emblematic contributors were Óscar Nebreda, Ventura y Nieto, Gin, Mariel, and Ramón Tosas Ivà, whose most successful comic-strip, starring the street-wise delinquent "Makinavaja", has been adapted into a play, two feature films, and a television series.