In the new system, upon completing 9th grade, students would take an exam and based on their results would either attend a Professional Technical School (PTU), a Secondary Specialized Instructional School (SSUZ), or a general secondary school for 2 more years followed by a higher educational institute (VUZ) [REF].
PTUs, tekhnikums, and some military facilities formed a system of so-called "secondary specialized education" (, sredneye spetsialnoye).