In North America, sapphires have been mined mostly from deposits in Montana: fancies along the Missouri River near Helena, Montana, Dry Cottonwood Creek near Deer Lodge, Montana, and Rock Creek near Philipsburg, Montana.
The sapphire deposits of Kashmir are still well known in the gem industry,[REF] despite the fact that the peak production from this area mostly took place in a relatively short period at the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries [REF].