The limestone massif of the Rock of Gibraltar is riddled with caves - its ancient name, Calpe, means "hollow"[REF] - and it was here that archaeologists focused their efforts to find sites of Neanderthal occupation.
The finds in Gorham's Cave include charcoal, bones, stone tools and burnt seeds dating from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic periods, while Vanguard Cave contains Pleistocene and Middle Palaeolithic deposits.