The group was founded on September 5, 1891, as the Sociedad Mèdica Argentina by a conference of doctors in Buenos Aires led by Dr. Pedro F. Roberts, an ophthalmologist, and Doctors José Penna and Alfredo Lagarde.
The institution grew to include 43 societies, 7 associations, and 25 committees; over 37,000 physicians (over a fourth of the nation's total) were members.