The Carnot wall takes its name from a man who died in what year?
Carnot wall A Carnot wall is a type of loop-holed wall built in the ditch of a fort or redoubt. It takes its name from the French mathematician, politician, and military engineer, Lazare Carnot. Such walls were introduced into the design of fortifications from the early nineteenth century. As conceived by Carnot they formed part of an innovative but controversial system of fortification intended to defend against artillery and infantry attack. Carnot walls were employed, together with other elements of Carnot's system, in continental Europe in the years after the final defeat of Napoleon in 1815, especially by the Prussians, other Germans and Austrians. Their adoption was initially resisted by the French themselves and by the British.
Melville Arnott Sir William Melville Arnott {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (14 January 1909 – 17 September 1999) was a Scottish academic. He graduated from the University of Edinburgh in 1931 and was appointed William Withering Chair in Medicine at the University of Birmingham in 1946. He served in the Royal Army Medical Corps during the Second World War, and was one of the first medical officers to enter Bergen-Belsen concentration camp at the end of the war in Europe. He was awarded the Military Cross in the King's 1940 Birthday Honours. He played a major role in the Nuffield Foundation's Planning Committee (1957–59) that established a new medical school at the then University of Rhodesia, now the University of Zimbabwe.