Which Russian physician originally proposed the death drive in her paper "Destruction as the Cause of Coming into Being"?
Death drive In classical Freudian psychoanalytic theory, the death drive (German: "Todestrieb" ) is the drive towards death and self-destruction. It was originally proposed by Sabina Spielrein in her paper "Destruction as the Cause of Coming Into Being" ("Die Destruktion als Ursache des Werdens") in 1912, which was then taken up by Sigmund Freud in 1920 in "Beyond the Pleasure Principle." This concept has been translated as "opposition between the ego or death instincts and the sexual or life instincts". In "Pleasure Principle", Freud used the plural "death drives" ("Todestriebe") much more frequently than in the singular.
Boris Savinkov Boris Viktorovich Savinkov (Russian: Бори́с Ви́кторович Са́винков; 19 January 1879 – 7 May 1925) was a Russian writer and revolutionary. As one of the leaders of the Fighting Organisation of the Socialist Revolutionary Party, he was responsible for the assassinations of several high-ranking imperial officials in 1904 and 1905.