Russell Melvin Shoats was a member of a revolutionary black nationalist organization founded by who?
Russell Melvin Shoats Russell "Maroon" Shoatz (born August 23, 1943) is a founding member of the Black Unity Council, former member of the Black Panther Party, a "soldier" in the Black Liberation Army, and convicted murderer.
Black Star Line The Black Star Line (1919−1922) was a shipping line incorporated by Marcus Garvey, the organizer of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), and other members of the UNIA. The shipping line was created to facilitate the transportation of goods and eventually African Americans throughout the African global economy. It derived its name from the White Star Line, a line whose success Garvey felt he could duplicate. Black Star Line became a key part of Garvey's contribution to the Back-to-Africa movement. It was one among many businesses which the UNIA originated, such as the Universal Printing House, Negro Factories Corporation, and the widely distributed and highly successful "Negro World" weekly newspaper.