What war between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front inspired the Manifesto of the 121?
Manifesto of the 121 The Manifesto of the 121 (French: "Manifeste des 121" , full title: "Déclaration sur le droit à l’insoumission dans la guerre d’Algérie" or "Declaration on the right of insubordination in the Algerian War") was an open letter signed by 121 intellectuals and published on 6 September 1960 in the magazine "Vérité-Liberté". It called on the French government, then headed by the Gaullist Michel Debré, and public opinion to recognise the Algerian War as a legitimate struggle for independence, denouncing the use of torture by the French army, and calling for French conscientious objectors to the conflict to be respected by the authorities.
FLQ Manifesto The FLQ Manifesto was a key document of the group the Front de libération du Québec. On 8 October 1970, during the October Crisis, it was broadcast by CBC/Radio-Canada television as one of many demands required for the release of kidnapped British Trade Commissioner James Cross. It criticised big business, the Catholic Church, Rene Levesque, Robert Bourassa and even branded Pierre Trudeau "a queer".