Strange(to me) way of writing script.js/jquery file
<p>I've been asked to add some new jQuery functionality to this file, although I have never written any jQuery in this way(seems to be loads of functions written all under one variable called 'companyname'). So currently I need to edit some new jQuery in this file under what seems to be the "menu :" function which can be found in the JavaScript part of code near the end. So my question is, what is this style of writing  jQuery called?  Is it possibles isn't to add new sections to it. For example called, 'newcode:'? Or do you I need to be doing something special to add code to this massive variable? Even if someone can give me a name for this type if code I can look for some tutorials on it. </p>

<p>Also the other bit of code I have included is present directly on the home page within the head tag and script tags, and appears to call the menu function directly. How comes no other functions need to be called in the head tag(there is one more I think) can they just be called somewhere else like in an A tag or something?</p>

<p>Thank you all for reading.</p>

<p>Daniel.</p>

<p>P.s 'init :' seems to be included in all/most functions, why is this? What is it for?</p>

<pre><code>head.ready("main", function() {
    setTimeout(function () {//FF 3.6 Fix
        sonypro.menu.init();
    }, 500);
});



// JavaScript Document
(function( $ ){

var companyname =  {

    helper : {
        maxHeight : function(o) {

            var max = 0;

            $(o).each(function() {
                if (max &lt; $(this).outerHeight()) {
                    max = $(this).outerHeight(true);
                }
            }); 

            return max;
        },
        maxValue: function(array){

            return Math.max.apply(Math,array);

        },
        isEmpty : function(o) {

            // For checking if a string is blank, null or undefined
            return (!o || /^\s*$/.test(o));

        },
        createElement : {
            script : function(source) {
                var script = document.createElement('script');
                script.type = 'text/javascript';
                script.src = source;
                document.body.appendChild(script);
            }
        }
    },

    article: {
        margin_fix: function() {
            if ($('.pge-article-detail').index()!=-1)
                $('.lte-ie8 .article-section p').css('margin-bottom',0);
        }
    },

    product: {
        slider : {
            init : function(options) {

                var settings = $.extend({
                    'visible' : 5,
                    'autoHeight' : false
                }, options),
                id = settings.id

                $('#'+id).jcarousel({
                    animation : 1000,
                    scroll: settings.visible,
                    initCallback: function(carousel) {
                        if(settings.autoHeight) {
                            _maxHeight = companyname.helper.maxHeight('#'+id+' &gt; li');
                            $("#"+id+" .jcarousel-clip, #"+id+ " .jcarousel-item").css("height", _maxHeight);
                        }
                        $("#"+id).mousewheel(function(event, delta) {
                            if (delta &gt; 0) {
                                carousel.prev();
                            }
                            else if (delta &lt; 0) {
                                carousel.next();
                            }

                            return false; // prevent default
                        });
                    }
                });
            }
        },
        image_changer : {
            video: {
                is_set: false,
                timer: 0,
                clear_timer: function () {
                    clearTimeout(companyname.product.image_changer.video.timer);
                    companyname.product.image_changer.video.timer = 0;
                },
                play: function () {
                    companyname.product.image_changer.video.clear_timer();
                    companyname.product.image_changer.video.timer = setTimeout(function () {sublimevideo.play();},500);
                },
                pause: function () {
                    companyname.product.image_changer.video.clear_timer();
                    sublimevideo.pause();
                },
                stop: function () {
                    companyname.product.image_changer.video.clear_timer();
                    sublimevideo.stop();
                }
            },
            settings: {
                thumbs : 'a.thumbnail',
                sticky : 'div#main-visual',
                visual_wrapper_class : '.visual'
            },
            init: function(options) {
                this.settings = $.extend(this.settings,options);
                settings = this.settings,
                thumbnails = $(settings.thumbs),
                image = $(settings.image),
                visual_wrapper = $('.visual'),

                sticky = $(settings.sticky);

                thumbnails.on('mouseenter',function(){
                    var $this = $(this),
                    thumb_detail = visual_wrapper.children('.thumb-'+$this.index());
                    companyname.product.image_changer.load_img($this,thumb_detail);
                    companyname.product.image_changer.change_img(thumb_detail,true);
                    if (companyname.product.image_changer.video.is_set)
                        companyname.product.image_changer.video.pause();

                })
                .on('mouseleave',function(){
                    var $this = $(this),
                    thumb_detail = visual_wrapper.children('.thumb-'+$this.index());                        
                    companyname.product.image_changer.change_img(thumb_detail,false);
                    if (companyname.product.image_changer.video.is_set)
                        companyname.product.image_changer.video.play();
                })
                .on('focus',function(){
                    var $this = $(this),
                    thumb_detail = visual_wrapper.children('.thumb-'+$this.index());
                    companyname.product.image_changer.load_img($this,thumb_detail);
                    companyname.product.image_changer.change_img(thumb_detail,true);
                    if (companyname.product.image_changer.video.is_set)
                        companyname.product.image_changer.video.pause();
                })
                .on('blur',function(){
                    var $this = $(this),
                    thumb_detail = visual_wrapper.children('.thumb-'+$this.index());
                    companyname.product.image_changer.change_img(thumb_detail,false);
                    if (companyname.product.image_changer.video.is_set)
                        companyname.product.image_changer.video.play();
                })
                .on('click',function(e){
                    e.preventDefault();
                    if (companyname.product.image_changer.video.is_set)
                        companyname.product.image_changer.video.stop();
                    $('#image-gallery').click();
                })

            },
            change_img : function(thumb_detail,show) {
                if(show) {
                    sticky.hide();
                    thumb_detail.show();
                }
                else {
                    sticky.show();
                    thumb_detail.hide();
                }

            },
            load_img : function(thumb,thumb_detail){
                if(!thumb_detail.length) {
                    thumb_detail = $('&lt;img /&gt;').attr({
                        'src' : thumb.attr('href'),
                        'class' : 'detail-image thumb-'+thumb.index()
                    }).appendTo(visual_wrapper);
                }
            }

        }
    },

    accordion: {
        settings : {
            'heading' : 'h1.expand-collapse-heading',
            'content' : 'div.expand-collapse-content',
            'collapsed_class' : 'collapsed',
            'collapse_toggle' : 'a#collapse-toggle',
            'accordion' : true,
            'animation' : true,
            'jScrollPane' : false
        },
        init : function(options) {
            this.settings = $.extend(this.settings,options);
            settings = this.settings,
            collapse_state = true,
            all_headings = $(settings.heading),
            all_contents = $(settings.content),
            collapse_toggle = $(settings.collapse_toggle),
            collapse_text = collapse_toggle.find('span');

            $('.lte-ie8 '+settings.heading).prepend('&lt;div class="icon"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;');

            if(settings.accordion) {
                collapse_toggle.hide();
            } else {
                collapse_text.eq(1).hide();
            }

            all_headings.not(':first').addClass(settings.collapsed_class);

            all_contents.not(':first').hide();

            all_headings.on('click',function(e){
                e.preventDefault();
                var $this = $(this),
                content = $this.next(settings.content),
                collapsed = settings.collapsed_class;

                if($this.hasClass(collapsed)) {
                    companyname.accordion.expand($this,content);

                    if(settings.accordion) {
                        companyname.accordion.collapse(all_headings.not($this),all_contents.not(content));
                    }
                } else {
                    companyname.accordion.collapse($this,content);
                }
                collapse_state = (all_headings.filter('.'+settings.collapsed_class).length == all_headings.length) ? companyname.accordion.collapse_toggle_state(true,collapse_text) : companyname.accordion.collapse_toggle_state(false,collapse_text);
            });

            collapse_toggle.on('click',function(e){
                e.preventDefault();
                if(collapse_state) {
                    companyname.accordion.collapse(all_headings,all_contents);

                } else {
                    companyname.accordion.expand(all_headings,all_contents);
                }

                collapse_state = companyname.accordion.collapse_toggle_state(collapse_state,collapse_text);
            });

        },
        collapse : function(heading,content) {
            if(this.settings.animation) {
                content.slideUp(function () {
                    if (companyname.accordion.settings.jScrollPane) {
                        $('.scroll-pane').data('jsp').reinitialise();
                        $(window).trigger('resize'); //webkit fix for weird behavior on scroll
                    }
                });
            }else {
                content.hide();
                if (companyname.accordion.settings.jScrollPane){
                    $('.scroll-pane').data('jsp').reinitialise();
                    $(window).trigger('resize');
                }
            } 
            heading.addClass(this.settings.collapsed_class);
        },
        expand : function(heading,content) {
            if(this.settings.animation) {
                content.slideDown(function () {
                    if (companyname.accordion.settings.jScrollPane){
                        $('.scroll-pane').data('jsp').reinitialise();
                        $(window).trigger('resize');
                    }
                });
            } else {
                content.show();
                if (companyname.accordion.settings.jScrollPane){
                    $('.scroll-pane').data('jsp').reinitialise();
                    $(window).trigger('resize');
                }
            }
            heading.removeClass(this.settings.collapsed_class);
        },
        collapse_toggle_state : function(state,collapse_text){
            collapse_text.hide();
            (state) ? collapse_text.eq(1).show() : collapse_text.eq(0).show();
            return !state;
        }
    },

    tabs : {
        settings : {
            'buttons' : 'li.tab',
            'button_area' : 'div.tab-buttons',
            'content' : 'div.tab-content',
            'selected_class' : 'selected',
            'animation' : true
        },
        init : function(options) {
            this.settings = $.extend(this.settings,options);
            var settings = this.settings,
            buttons = $(settings.button_area).find(settings.buttons),
            content = $(settings.content);
            buttons.on('click',function(e){
                e.preventDefault();
                $this = $(this);
                $this.siblings().removeClass(settings.selected_class).end().addClass(settings.selected_class);
                $.get($this.find('a').prop('href'),function(data){
                    content.html(data); 
                });
            });

        }
    },
    menu : {
        item: null,
        timer: null,
        closing_timer: null,
        closing_item: null,
        current: null,
        selectors: {
            main_navigation: '.main-navigation',
            expanded_navigation: 'div.expanded-nav',
            breadcrumb: '.bread-crumb',
            social_media: '.social-media',
            nav_with_separator: '.category-navigation.type-2',
            categories: '.category-wrapper',
            category_icon: '.category-thumb',
            category_content: '.category-content'
        },
        init : function(){

            var self = this,
                expanded_nav = $(self.selectors.expanded_navigation);

            $(self.selectors.nav_with_separator).each(function(){

                var self = $(this),
                    parent = self.parent();

                parent.css({'display':'block','visibility':'hidden'});

                var sep = self.find('.sep'),
                    cols = self.find('.col'),
                    cMax = [];

                // Alignment fix
                cols.each(function(){
                    var i = 1;
                    $(this).children(companyname.menu.selectors.categories).each(function() {
                        if (!cMax[i])
                            cMax[i] = [];
                        cMax[i].push($(this).height());
                        $(this).attr('data-row',i);
                        i++;
                    });
                });
                for (var j=1; j&lt;cMax.length; j++) {
                    $(companyname.menu.selectors.categories + '[data-row=' + j + ']').css('height',companyname.helper.maxValue(cMax[j]));
                }

                // Define max height for columns has seperation
                var sMax = companyname.helper.maxHeight(sep);
                sep.each(function(){
                    $(this).css('height',sMax);
                });

                parent.css({'display':'none','visibility':'visible'});

            });

            //Menu size alignments
            var breadCrumbSpace = 960-$(self.selectors.social_media).width();
            $(self.selectors.breadcrumb).css('width', breadCrumbSpace);

            if ($(self.selectors.breadcrumb + ' &gt; ul').height() &gt; 35) {//Two line
                var totalWidth = 0;
                $(self.selectors.breadcrumb + ' &gt; ul &gt; li').each(function () {
                    totalWidth += $(this).outerWidth();
                    if (totalWidth &gt; breadCrumbSpace) {
                        $(this).addClass('second-line');
                        return false;
                    }
                });
            }

            if (!Modernizr.touch) {

                expanded_nav.parents('li').hover(function(){
                    var parent = this;
                    self.item = $(this);

                    if (self.closing_item != null) {
                        if (self.closing_item.index() == self.item.index()) { //same item, do not hide
                            clearTimeout(self.closing_timer);
                        } else { //another item, hide previous item immediately
                            self.closing_item.find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).stop(true, true).hide();
                            self.closing_item.removeClass('hover');
                        }
                    }

                    self.timer = setTimeout(function () {
                        self.item.addClass('hover');
                        if ($('.lte-ie8').index() == -1) {
                            self.item.find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).stop(true, true).fadeIn(function(){
                                $(parent).find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).find('a').eq(0).focus();
                            });
                        }
                        else {
                            // IE8 anti-aliasing font issue fix
                            self.item.find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).fadeTo(400,0.99,function(){
                                $(parent).find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).find('a').eq(0).focus();
                            });
                        }
                    },400);

                }, function () {
                    self.closing_item = $(this);

                    clearTimeout(self.timer);
                    self.closing_timer = setTimeout(function () {
                        self.closing_item.find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).stop(true, true).fadeOut();
                        self.closing_item.removeClass('hover');
                    },800);
                });

                expanded_nav.parents('li').find('&gt;a').on('focus',function(){
                    $(this).parents('li').addClass('hover');
                    $(this).parents('li').find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).fadeIn();
                });

                expanded_nav.find('a:last').on('blur',function(){
                    $(this).parents('li').removeClass('hover');
                    expanded_nav.stop(true, true).fadeOut();
                });

                //Hyperlink highlighting
                $(self.selectors.expanded_navigation + ' ' +  self.selectors.categories).each(function() {
                    if ($(this).children(self.selectors.category_content).find('ul').index() != -1) { //category contains sublinks
                        $(this).children(self.selectors.category_icon).find('a').hover(function() {
                            $(this).closest(self.selectors.categories).children(companyname.menu.selectors.category_content).find('a:first').addClass('hover');
                        },function() {
                            $(this).closest(self.selectors.categories).find('a').removeClass('hover');
                        });
                    } else { //category contains description
                        $(this).find('a').hover(function() {
                            $(this).closest(self.selectors.categories).find('a').addClass('hover');
                        },function() {
                            $(this).closest(self.selectors.categories).find('a').removeClass('hover');
                        });
                    }
                });
            }

            else {
               // Trick to fix click event on iphone &amp; ipad
               $("body").css("cursor","pointer");
                expanded_nav.bind("click",function(e){
                    e.stopPropagation();
                })
                expanded_nav.parents('li').find('&gt; a').bind("click",function(e){
                    e.preventDefault();
                    e.stopPropagation();
                    self.item = $(this).parent();
                    if(self.current == this) {
                        if(!$(this).parents(self.selectors.breadcrumb).size()) {
                            self.item.removeClass('hover').find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).fadeOut();
                            self.current = null;
                        }
                        else {
                            location.href = $(this).attr("href");
                        }
                    }
                    else {
                        self.current = this;
                        $(self.selectors.expanded_navigation+':visible').stop(true, true).fadeOut(function(){
                            $(this).parent('li').removeClass('hover');
                        });
                        self.item.addClass('hover').find(self.selectors.expanded_navigation).fadeIn();
                    }
                });

                $(document).bind("click",function(e){
                    $(self.selectors.expanded_navigation+':visible').stop(true, true).fadeOut(function(){
                        $(this).parent('li').removeClass('hover');
                        self.current = null;
                    });
                });
            }

        }
    },
    validate : {
        settings: {
            form : '#form',
            options : {}
        },
        init : function(options){
            this.settings = $.extend(true,this.settings,options);
            settings = this.settings;
            var _form = $(settings.form);

            _form.validate(settings.options);
            _form.find('a.button').not('.non-submit').on('click',function(e){
                e.preventDefault();
                _form.submit(); 
            });
            _form.find('.submitter').on('keypress',function(e) {
                e = e || window.event;
                keycode = e.keyCode || e.which;
                switch (keycode) {
                    // Enter
                    case 13:
                        _form.find('a.onclick').trigger('click');
                    break;
                }
            });

        }
    },
    form: {
        /*
         *  Helper functions for forms.
         *  
         *  toggle_all -&gt; One checkbox to toggle all other checkbox.
         *  unit_change -&gt; Helps to switch between unit types of a form group.
         *  input_styling -&gt; Helps to improve visualization of radio buttons/checkboxes.
         *  
         */
        toggle_all: {
            selectors: {
                form_wrapper: '.toggler',
                switcher_input: '.toggle-all'
            },
            init: function (selectors) {
                companyname.form.toggle_all.selectors = $.extend(true,companyname.form.toggle_all.selectors,selectors);
                $(companyname.form.toggle_all.selectors.switcher_input).on('click',companyname.form.toggle_all.run);
            },
            run: function () {
                var inputs = $(this).parents(companyname.form.toggle_all.selectors.form_wrapper).find('input[type=checkbox]');
                if ($(this).is(':checked')) {
                    inputs.not(this).attr('checked', true);
                } else {
                    inputs.not(this).attr('checked', false);
                }
            }
        },
        unit_change: {
            selectors: {
                unit_changer: '.unit-changer',
                elements_to_change: '.unit-target',
                form_wrapper: '.unit-wrapper'
            },
            init: function (selectors) {
                companyname.form.unit_change.selectors = $.extend(true,companyname.form.unit_change.selectors,selectors);
                $(companyname.form.unit_change.selectors.unit_changer).on('click',companyname.form.unit_change.run);
            },
            run: function () {
                var _wrapper = $(this).parents(companyname.form.unit_change.selectors.form_wrapper);
                var _elements = _wrapper.find(companyname.form.unit_change.selectors.elements_to_change);
                var _unit_type = $('input[name='+$(companyname.form.unit_change.selectors.unit_changer).attr('name')+']:checked').val();
                _elements.each(function () {
                    $(this).text($(this).siblings('.'+_unit_type).val());
                });
            }
        }
    },
    image_gallery : {
        settings: {
            id : 'gallery-slider',
            thumb_class : 'gallery-thumb',
            selected_class : 'selected',
            show_image_class : 'big-image',
            loading_class : 'loading',
            full_size_class : 'full-size'
        },
        init : function(options){
            this.settings = $.extend(this.settings,options);
            settings = this.settings;

            var thumbs = $('.'+settings.thumb_class),
            big_image = $('.'+settings.show_image_class),
            full_size_link = $('.'+settings.full_size_class),
            first_image = thumbs.filter(':first');

            companyname.product.slider.init({
                id: settings.id
            }); 

            big_image.addClass(settings.loading_class);
            big_image.html($('&lt;img /&gt;').attr('src',first_image.addClass(settings.selected_class).attr('href')));
            full_size_link.attr('href',first_image.attr('data-source'));

            thumbs.on('click',function(e){
                e.preventDefault();
                $this = $(this);
                thumbs.removeClass(settings.selected_class);
                $this.addClass(settings.selected_class);

                big_image.find('img').attr('src',$this.attr('href'));
                full_size_link.attr('href',$this.attr('data-source'));
</code></pre>
