question: where did galileo go to school
answer: University of Pisa
q_entity: Galileo Galilei
a_entity: University of Pisa
graph: No action was taken, but Galileo was alarmed enough by the news from Rome to decide in December 1615 to present his views there himself. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence It is not clear whether this trip precipitated the ultimate crisis, but in March 1616 a committee of consultors to the Holy Office declared that the proposition that the Sun is the immovable centre of the universe was heretical, and that the proposition of a moving Earth was theologically \"erroneous\".
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graph: m.0blb4v2 common.webpage.topic The sharp-eyed lynx, outfoxed by nature, part 1
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graph: The problem was that they had been seen not to do so at all. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: If the earth were just one more planet then it was open to scientific investigation, which conservatives considered an affront to divine authority. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence To consider that the Earth was not the centre of a universe was seen by Rome as questioning the god-given order of the universe and threatening man's special relationship with God.
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Gassendi studied Aristotelian philosophy and Catholic theology for six years at the University of Aix-en-Provence.
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graph: Italo Calvino symbols.name_source.namesakes 22370 Italocalvino
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graph: Callisto common.topic.image Callisto from space.  In “The Callistan Menace” Callisto has an atmosphere and native life forms
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences His chair of math was taken by Roberval.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences From 1624 to 1626, Torricelli studied mathematics and philosophy at the Jesuit school at Faenza, and did so well that he was sent to Rome for further education at the Collegio Romano, which was run by Benedetto Castelli, a Camaldolese monk famed as a mathematician and hydraulic engineer, and a former pupil of Galileo.
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graph: Avicenna common.topic.image Avicenna Persian Physician
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń symbols.namesake.named_after Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Late in August, Galileo arrived back in Venice with a nine-power telescope, three times as effective as those from Holland.
graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced John Barth
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graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Zwiegespräche vom unendlichen All und den Welten
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Six Pieces: V. Canzon
graph: Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling influence.influence_node.influenced_by Giordano Bruno
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graph: This meant that the universe was much bigger than had been supposed. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In England this was interpreted as an infinite universe with stars scattered throughout space.
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graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems common.topic.notable_for g.125f13rdj
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graph: In 1512 he returned to Frombork and began a systematic study of the movements of planets. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He recorded his observations,  and as they were circulated so his fame as an astronomer grew.
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graph: In England this was interpreted as an infinite universe with stars scattered throughout space. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence The second change challenged Aristotle by upsetting his doctrine on gravity.
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graph: Copernicium common.topic.image a painted portrait of a man an fas
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graph: On motion, and On mechanics book.book.editions Galileo's notes on motion
graph: Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love book.translated_work.translations La Hija de Galileo
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences While Torricelli was preparing to go back to Rome, on the recommendation of the hydraulic engineer Andrea Arrighetti, Grand Duke Ferdinand II of Tuscany made him professor to the Accademia del Cimento, court mathematician and philosopher.
graph: An edition of his book was published by Blaeuw. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin.
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graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Galileo spent the next seven years (1616-23) in retirement at his house in Bellosguardo near Florence, in 1618-23 becoming involved in a dispute with Orazio Grassi over the nature of comets, which ended with the publication of his famous work, 'Il Saggiatore' ('The Assayer'), a brilliant piece on physical reality,  and an exposition of the new scientific method which included his famous pronouncement that the \"Book of Nature is... written in mathematical characters\".
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Gassendi then began a dispute with Descartes, when he disagreed with Descartes' 'Meditations'.
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The clock was a great success, and by 1658 several had been built in London and Amsterdam by the Fromanteel family.
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graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written A mensagem das estrélas
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1533 Pope Clement VII gave his approval and in 1540 Copernicus reluctantly allowed Rheticus, one of his pupils, to take the manuscript to be printed at Nurnberg in Germany.
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from galileo galilei work related to marin mersenne
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graph: nicolaus copernicus manuscript altered by andreas osiander base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Galileo Galilei common.topic.article m.034l2
graph: Osiander added a preface to the work in which he stated that Copernicus's model of the heavens only provided a working model for the simplification of astronomical mathematics and did not claim to represent what was really going on in the sky. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence When Protestant reformers including Luther and Melanchthon opposed publication, Rheticus took the manuscript to Leipzig where the Humanist scholar Osiander oversaw publication.
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graph: Isaac Newton base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from isaac newton studied johannes kepler
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graph: Dante Alighieri influence.influence_node.influenced James Joyce
graph: Antologia galileiana book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
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graph: A More Perfect Heaven book.written_work.subjects History of science
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graph: Scientist tv.tv_subject.tv_programs The Secret Life of Scientists & Engineers
graph: He also composed an untitled treatise on motion, now generally referred to as 'De motu', which disproved the Aristotelian theory that bodies of different weights fall at different speeds, and instead developed a theory of falling bodies derived from the buoyancy principle of Archimedes, an idea previously published by Benedetti . base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In Pisa, Galileo began a controversial campaign to discredit accepted Aristotelian physics.
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graph: In 1624 Galileo returned to Rome, to visit the new pope, Urban VIII, who had been a longtime friend (and to whom he had dedicated 'Il Saggiatore') and got permission to write about \"the systems of the world\", both of Ptolemy and Copernicus, as long as he discussed them noncommittally and came to the conclusion dictated to him in advance by the pope - i.e. that humans cannot presume to know how the world is really made,  because God could have brought about the same observable effects in ways unimagined by them. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1672, he befriended German mathematician-philosopher Leibniz.
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences His treatise on minerals was one of the main sources of geology for Christian encyclopedists in the 13th century.
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graph: Frammenti e lettere common.topic.notable_for g.125gpgrv0
graph: Avicenna people.deceased_person.place_of_death Hamadan
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graph: He stated that the sun, not the earth, was the fixed point in the centre of the universe. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced David Hume
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graph: The Holy Office then told its leading Roman theologian, Bellarmine,  to ask Galileo to abandon \"realist\" Copernicanism, which was declared \"false and erroneous\", and Copernicus': 'De Revolutionibus' was put on the list of prohibited books. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei warned by robert bellarmine
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graph: The Cassini family improved on his measurements His problems influenced Descartes, Hobbes,  Mariotte and Newton. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Brewster wrote his biography He met Campanella.
graph: While working on this, he was sent a short treatise on sunspots by the Jesuit Scheiner whose ideas - in particular the idea that the spots were tiny planets - Galileo demolished in three long letters, published in 1613 as 'Letters on Sunspots'. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence On his return, Galileo turned again to physics, and published a book on the behaviour of bodies placed in water: 'Discourses on Things that Float' (1612).
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He recorded his observations,  and as they were circulated so his fame as an astronomer grew.
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graph: Salman Rushdie freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Proposing to fill a 4-foot glass tube to the rim with mercury, to close it with one finger and overturn it, and to immerse the open end into mercury in a dish, Torricelli asked Viviani to make one, and his colleague  carried out the experiment.
graph: Albertus Magnus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from albertus magnus studied avicenna
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences This meant that the universe was much bigger than had been supposed.
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graph: On motion, and On mechanics common.topic.notable_types Book
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graph: Galileo Galilei symbols.name_source.namesakes 697 Galilea
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graph: Al-Kindi influence.influence_node.influenced ABU HAMIDAL. GHAZALI
graph: This was in order to reduce the dangerous hostility to any ideas that contradicted Aristotle who had claimed that the Earth was the fixed central point in the universe. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Osiander added a preface to the work in which he stated that Copernicus's model of the heavens only provided a working model for the simplification of astronomical mathematics and did not claim to represent what was really going on in the sky.
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graph: In England this was interpreted as an infinite universe with stars scattered throughout space. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.argumentmaps.innovator.original_ideas Copernican Revolution
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graph: Plato freebase.valuenotation.has_value Date of death
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He then wrote the 'Pars Physica', in which he described his basic Epicurean system of natural philosophy.
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graph: Callisto astronomy.celestial_object.locations Tindr
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences After observation, Torricelli concluded that the variation of the height of the mercury from day to day was caused by changes in atmospheric pressure, a concept that led directly to the development of the barometer.
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graph: On his return, Galileo turned again to physics, and published a book on the behaviour of bodies placed in water: 'Discourses on Things that Float' (1612). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: In the summer of 1610 Galileo resigned from Padua, and returned to Florence as mathematician and philosopher to Cosimo II, with no teaching duties and a large salary. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: galileo galilei met tommaso campanella base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation met
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graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written de Sigillis Hermetis et Ptolomei
graph: Copernicus died in the same year his theories were published and is believed to have received a copy of \"De Revolutionibus orbium coelestium\" on the last day of his life. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence This eventually led to Newton's laws of gravity.
graph: Ibn Khaldun influence.influence_node.influenced_by Fakhr ad-Din ar-Razi
graph: When Protestant reformers including Luther and Melanchthon opposed publication, Rheticus took the manuscript to Leipzig where the Humanist scholar Osiander oversaw publication. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Osiander added a preface to the work in which he stated that Copernicus's model of the heavens only provided a working model for the simplification of astronomical mathematics and did not claim to represent what was really going on in the sky.
graph: Arthur van Hoff influence.influence_node.influenced_by Guy Steele
graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ibn Zuhr
graph: Stephen Hawking freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Siblings
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He soon developed a dislike for Aristotle, whose abstract disputation wasn't practical enough for him as it failed to address mathematics and natural philosophy.
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graph: Once he was totally blind (1638), Galileo was permitted to have his two friends, the geometrician Viviani and Torricelli, to live with him, to whom he was dictating his latest ideas on the theory of impact when he was seized with the slow fever that resulted in his death. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: David Brewster common.topic.notable_types Academic
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written La Cena de Las Cenizas
graph: John Updike influence.influence_node.influenced_by Arthur Schopenhauer
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Due sonetti
graph: claudius ptolemy theory superseded by nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Fakhr ad-Din ar-Razi influence.influence_node.influenced Ibn Khaldun
graph: Franz Kafka freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Country of nationality
graph: m.022tdy7 common.webpage.topic Galileo Academy of Science and Technology
graph: Person type.type.properties Parents
graph: Isaac Newton influence.influence_node.influenced_by René Descartes
graph: Person type.type.properties Gender
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems book.book.editions Dialogue on the great world systems : in the Salusbury translation
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graph: Florence fictional_universe.fictional_setting.characters_that_have_lived_here Ezio Auditore da Firenze
graph: Amanda Filipacchi people.person.nationality United States of America
graph: Italian people people.ethnicity.languages_spoken Latin Language
graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced Francisco Suárez
graph: galileo galilei work related to jean buridan base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation work related to
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Galileo agreed and Torricelli joined him at Arcetri, arriving there, after delays caused by the death of his mother, in the following October.
graph: Amanda Filipacchi people.person.profession Novelist
graph: pierre gassendi met thomas hobbes base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence He corresponded with the Cassini family, Fermat, He met Hobbes, Huyghens, Theveneot.
graph: m.075vjjb people.place_lived.person Giordano Bruno
graph: Edgar Allan Poe freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
graph: Stephen Hawking freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems book.book.editions Dialogue concerning the two chief world systems, Ptolemaic & Copernican
graph: Galilée, penseur libre common.topic.notable_for g.125595d42
graph: Arthur Schopenhauer freebase.valuenotation.has_value Height
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Sidereus Nuncius
graph: On his return, Galileo turned again to physics, and published a book on the behaviour of bodies placed in water: 'Discourses on Things that Float' (1612). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Early in 1611 Galileo travelled to Rome, where he spent several months demonstrating his discoveries,  and winning the approval of the Jesuits of the Roman College, the pope and several cardinals.
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus people.person.education m.03ldp44
graph: Ernest Hemingway freebase.valuenotation.has_value Weight
graph: Thomas Aquinas influence.influence_node.influenced John Locke
graph: Theoretical Physicist common.topic.notable_types Profession
graph: galileo galilei written about by giovanni battista venturi base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence He advised Christiaan Huyghens to patent his clock He was influenced by Witelo and the Council of Trent Venturi wrote about him His astronomy was followed up by  Borelli.
graph: The Holy Office then told its leading Roman theologian, Bellarmine,  to ask Galileo to abandon \"realist\" Copernicanism, which was declared \"false and erroneous\", and Copernicus': 'De Revolutionibus' was put on the list of prohibited books. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced joseph justus scaliger base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī people.person.ethnicity Tajiks
graph: Scientist common.topic.notable_types Profession
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graph: Pisa location.location.containedby Italy
graph: Don Rodrigo fictional_universe.fictional_character.ethnicity Italian people
graph: Gore Vidal people.person.profession Writer
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from christiaan huyghens used camera obscura
graph: Al-Farabi influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ptolemy
graph: Pierre Gassendi people.person.profession Philosopher
graph: Muhammad in Islam people.person.religion Islam
graph: Galileo Academy of Science and Technology common.topic.notable_for g.125bs_4kv
graph: His (administrative) canon's post back at the cathedral of Frombork, Poland gave him financial independence for life and in 1501 he paid a brief visit there  to confirm his appointment and secure formal leave of absence to continue his studies. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In 1500 Copernicus visited Rome,  where he taught mathematics privately and made observations on a lunar eclipse which he used later for his lunar theory.
graph: Adventures by Disney - Italy and Amalfi Coast Vacation travel.tour_operator.travel_destinations Pisa Baptistry
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus visual_art.art_subject.artwork_on_the_subject Nicolaus Copernicus Monument, Warsaw
graph: Franz Kafka people.person.languages German Language
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from avicenna influenced moses maimonides
graph: His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus influenced john donne
graph: pope alexander vi appointed as professor nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Mohsin Hamid common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Scientist base.descriptive_names.names.descriptive_name m.0_zfxmg
graph: During his time in Padua, he took a Venetian mistress, Marina Gamba, by whom between 1600 and 1606 he had two daughters and a son. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t8t
graph: Physicist fictional_universe.character_occupation.characters_with_this_occupation Niels Bohr
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graph: galileo galilei work related to nicole oresme base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation work related to
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Bruno's ideas were revolutionary for the time.
graph: Pisa travel.travel_destination.tourist_attractions Knights' Square
graph: Benedetto da Maiano people.deceased_person.place_of_burial Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence
graph: Opere, a cura di Franz Brunetti book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Avicenna people.person.languages Persian Language
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from nicolaus copernicus contradicted aristotle
graph: In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t9f
graph: Fortunato Carneglia fictional_universe.fictional_character.ethnicity Italian people
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus book.author.works_written De lateribvs et angvlis triangulorum
graph: Arthur Schopenhauer influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: Giordano Bruno symbols.name_source.namesakes Statue of Giordano Bruno
graph: Physicist base.schemastaging.context_name.pronunciation g.125_nmg0m
graph: The Hague location.location.containedby Netherlands
graph: Al-Kindi people.person.gender Male
graph: Brewster wrote his biography He met Campanella. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc.
graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced_by Pierre Gassendi
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Probirnykh del master
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences While a seminarian, he developed a system of mnemonics (memory aids) that so impressed the leaders of his Order that he was summoned to Rome in 1571 to elaborate on it.
graph: Academic type.type.properties Research areas
graph: Amanda Filipacchi people.person.religion Atheism
graph: Lorenzo Tramaglino fictional_universe.fictional_character.gender Male
graph: Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love common.topic.notable_types Book
graph: Avicenna common.topic.image IbnSina-Dushanbe
graph: Siblings rdf-schema#domain Person
graph: Date of death rdf-schema#range Date/Time
graph: Galileo Galilei influence.influence_node.influenced Robert Boyle
graph: Giovanni Pico della Mirandola influence.influence_node.influenced Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus book.author.works_written Ueber Die Umschwuenge Der Himmlischen Kugelschalen
graph: Nicholas of Cusa influence.influence_node.influenced Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
graph: Evangelista Torricelli education.academic.research_areas Physics
graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced Baruch Spinoza
graph: Galen common.topic.notable_types Physician
graph: De revolutionibus orbium coelestium book.book.editions De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from galileo galilei written about by giovanni battista venturi
graph: Edgar Allan Poe influence.influence_node.influenced Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov
graph: Galileo Academy of Science and Technology education.educational_institution.students_graduates m.0h4t3p6
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from christiaan huyghens work related to george graham
graph: Physician common.topic.notable_types Profession
graph: John Milton people.person.languages German Language
graph: Al-Kindi kp_lw.philosophy_influencer.influencee Abu Zayd al-Balkhi
graph: William Whiston influence.influence_node.influenced_by Isaac Newton
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Ptolemaic and Copernican, Second Revised edition common.topic.notable_for g.1258_gdsn
graph: Salman Rushdie influence.influence_node.influenced_by Jorge Luis Borges
graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced_by Raymond Queneau
graph: Io astronomy.celestial_object.locations Dazhbog Patera
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Perhaps the most far-reaching of his achievements was his insistence that the \"Book of Nature is . . . written in mathematical characters\".
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He was a very gifted, holding the Chair of Rhetoric at Digne, France, in 1608 while still a student.
graph: Nicole Oresme base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to galileo galilei work related to nicole oresme
graph: Medicine education.field_of_study.subdiscipline_of Science
graph: Praised work of Gilbert. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He was later corrected by Fermat.
graph: Arthur van Hoff common.topic.notable_types Organization founder
graph: m.02_7d4p business.employment_tenure.person Arthur van Hoff
graph: He then spent over three years studying law and medicine at Padua University and obtained a doctorate in Canon Law from Ferrara in 1503. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence His (administrative) canon's post back at the cathedral of Frombork, Poland gave him financial independence for life and in 1501 he paid a brief visit there  to confirm his appointment and secure formal leave of absence to continue his studies.
graph: Pierre Gassendi influence.influence_node.influenced_by Galileo Galilei
graph: La rivoluzione scientifica common.topic.notable_for g.125bw8wwb
graph: Arthur van Hoff influence.influence_node.influenced_by Galileo Galilei
graph: This was in order to reduce the dangerous hostility to any ideas that contradicted Aristotle who had claimed that the Earth was the fixed central point in the universe. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence To consider that the Earth was not the centre of a universe was seen by Rome as questioning the god-given order of the universe and threatening man's special relationship with God.
graph: Italo Calvino book.author.book_editions_published Cosmicomics
graph: Italo Calvino book.author.book_editions_published Cosmicomics
graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei inspired evangelista torricelli
graph: Al-Battani people.person.profession Astronomer
graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Nicola Cianfanelli
graph: Dante Alighieri influence.influence_node.influenced_by Avicenna
graph: Voltaire freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Spouse (or domestic partner)
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Alcuni scritti inediti di Galileo Galilei
graph: James Gosling influence.influence_node.influenced Don Hopkins
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The treatise described an experiment, performed by Gassendi in 1640 in Marseilles in which a weight was dropped from the top of the mast of a moving ship,  falling at the foot of the mast and not behind it, proving that the weight shared the forward motion of the ship.
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Within a few months, the student had become his secretary, a job he held until 1632.
graph: Peter Olivi people.person.place_of_birth France
graph: Arthur Schopenhauer people.person.religion Atheism
graph: Ganymede common.topic.notable_types Moon
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced Omar Khayyám
graph: William of Ockham people.person.gender Male
graph: Robert Boyle base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to pierre gassendi anticipated robert boyle
graph: He discovered that other ancient Greeks had suggested the idea of a heliocentric universe, and this seemed better seemed even though it still needed complex mathematical  calculations to predict planetary movement. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He was doubtful about the validity of the Ptolemy's  complex Earth-centered astronomical system (on which all investigation of the heavens was based), and decided that there must be a simpler way of doing things.
graph: Vincenzo Gamba people.person.nationality Italy
graph: Arthur van Hoff influence.influence_node.influenced Don Hopkins
graph: Avicenna people.person.parents Setareh
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus book.author.works_written Mikołaj Kopernik jako lekarz
graph: Thomas Hobbes people.deceased_person.cause_of_death Stroke
graph: Stephen Jay Gould freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
graph: Robert Hooke common.topic.notable_types Academic
graph: Nicholas of Cusa base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from nicholas of cusa anticipated nicolaus copernicus
graph: galileo galilei copied telescope by hans lippershey base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation copied telescope by
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Six Pieces: II. Bianca fiore
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graph: If the earth were just one more planet then it was open to scientific investigation, which conservatives considered an affront to divine authority. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Scientific circles were more receptive to Copernican theory and at the beginning of the seventeenth century the Ptolemaic theory was first formally abandoned by Kepler.
graph: Academic freebase.type_profile.strict_included_types Agent
graph: Copernicus astronomy.extraterrestrial_location.on_celestial_object Moon
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graph: Stephen Hawking people.person.profession Mathematician
graph: In Pisa, Galileo began a controversial campaign to discredit accepted Aristotelian physics. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence From 1585 to 1589 Galileo gave lessons in mathematics in Florence and Siena, and in 1586 he published an essay (describing his invention of a hydrostatic balance) which made him known throughout Italy, and won him the support of a wealthy patron, the Marchese del Monte, for whom he wrote a treatise on the centre of gravity in solids (1588) and who got him the job of lecturer in mathematics at the University of Pisa.
graph: Al-Farabi influence.influence_node.influenced Ibn Khaldun
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graph: Two New Sciences common.topic.notable_for g.1259jv95z
graph: Pierre Gassendi influence.influence_node.influenced_by Epicurus
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graph: Constantijn Huygens influence.influence_node.influenced_by René Descartes
graph: Stephen Hawking book.author.works_written On the Shoulders of Giants
graph: Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love book.book.editions La Hija de Galileo
graph: Al-Kindi people.person.profession Physician
graph: Robert Louis Stevenson people.person.religion Atheism
graph: Francis Bacon common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: galileo galilei a pal of vincenzo viviani base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation a pal of
graph: The sharp-eyed lynx, outfoxed by nature, part 1 book.written_work.subjects Galileo Galilei
graph: Franz Kafka people.person.ethnicity Poles
graph: Ambrose Bierce freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Parents
graph: Scientist base.descriptive_names.names.descriptive_name m.01053lvl
graph: galileo galilei copied telescope by hans lippershey base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Galileo Galilei
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems common.topic.article m.01n89m
graph: nicolaus copernicus questioned claudius ptolemy base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa location.location.containedby Pisa
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Early in 1611 Galileo travelled to Rome, where he spent several months demonstrating his discoveries,  and winning the approval of the Jesuits of the Roman College, the pope and several cardinals.
graph: Constantijn Huygens people.person.nationality Netherlands
graph: An edition of his book was published by Blaeuw. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus published by willem blaeu
graph: Europa base.skosbase.vocabulary_equivalent_topic.equivalent_concept Europa (Satellite)
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graph: Astrologer people.profession.specialization_of Prophet
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graph: pierre gassendi anticipated robert boyle base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Robert Boyle
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In Florence he continued his astronomical observations, and discovered spots on the surface of the Sun's disc, the oval appearance of Saturn, and that the planet Venus has crescent phases like the moon.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.argumentmaps.innovator.original_ideas Torricelli's equation
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graph: Italian people fictional_universe.ethnicity_in_fiction.characters_of_this_ethnicity Marcello
graph: Salman Rushdie people.person.profession Novelist
graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced michael maestlin base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin.
graph: Evangelista Torricelli influence.influence_node.influenced Vincenzo Viviani
graph: On the Shoulders of Giants book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from evangelista torricelli corresponded with marin mersenne
graph: Francisco Suárez people.person.gender Male
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences From 1585 to 1589 Galileo gave lessons in mathematics in Florence and Siena, and in 1586 he published an essay (describing his invention of a hydrostatic balance) which made him known throughout Italy, and won him the support of a wealthy patron, the Marchese del Monte, for whom he wrote a treatise on the centre of gravity in solids (1588) and who got him the job of lecturer in mathematics at the University of Pisa.
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graph: Galileo then returned to Florence and spent the next several years working on his great book, 'Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo, tolemaico e copernicano' ('Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Ptolemaic and Copernican'), which he completed in 1630 and was permitted to publish in 1632. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tfm
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Early Studies of Giordano Bruno
graph: Venetian Language language.human_language.main_country Italy
graph: John Milton people.person.languages English Language
graph: robert boyle influenced isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Robert Boyle
graph: Tuscany location.it_region.capital Florence
graph: Adventures by Disney - Italy and Amalfi Coast Vacation location.location.time_zones Central European Time Zone
graph: Aristotle base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to isaac newton studied aristotle
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graph: The sharp-eyed lynx, outfoxed by nature, part 1 book.written_work.subjects Accademia dei Lincei
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graph: Robert Boyle common.topic.notable_types Academic
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to marin mersenne attacked views of giordano bruno
graph: Georges Perec people.person.place_of_birth Paris
graph: Novelist common.topic.notable_types Profession
graph: Big Deal on Madonna Street film.film.story_by Italo Calvino
graph: John Barth influence.influence_node.influenced_by Italo Calvino
graph: Giordano Bruno people.person.places_lived m.075vjjb
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He also published a variety of treatises, the most important of which was 'Commentarii de Rebus Caelestibus', compiled during the period 1618 - 1655.
graph: Natural philosophy education.field_of_study.academics_in_this_field Johannes Kepler
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to giovanni alfonso borelli colleague was vincenzo viviani
graph: Giordano Bruno influence.influence_node.influenced Arthur Schopenhauer
graph: Robert Louis Stevenson influence.influence_node.influenced Ernest Hemingway
graph: Robert Bellarmine people.person.profession Physician
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graph: Province of Pisa location.administrative_division.capital m.0jvvn3z
graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of death
graph: galileo galilei work corrected by pierre de fermat base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence He was later corrected by Fermat.
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graph: Italo Calvino book.author.book_editions_published Invisible cities
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graph: Arabic Language language.human_language.countries_spoken_in Iran
graph: Two New Sciences book.book_edition.book Two New Sciences
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written In tristitia hilaris, in hilaritate tristis
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graph: Avicenna kp_lw.philosophy_influencer.influencee Mário Ferreira dos Santos
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graph: Author freebase.type_profile.strict_included_types Agent
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences From April to June 1633 Galileo was tried before the Holy Office and was found \"vehemently suspect of heresy\", forced to abjure Copernicanism publicly, and sentenced to imprisonment.
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graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tgr
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1565, Bruno entered the monastery of San Domenico in Naples, where he was given the name Giordano.
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graph: In 1514 he circulated among his  scholarly friends a summary of his ideas in a manuscript entitled \"A Commentary on the Theories of the Motions of Heavenly Objects from Their Arrangements\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He discovered that other ancient Greeks had suggested the idea of a heliocentric universe, and this seemed better seemed even though it still needed complex mathematical  calculations to predict planetary movement.
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graph: An edition of his book was published by Blaeuw. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Pope  Alexander VI gave him professorship His system was opposed by Bellarmine.
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graph: Edgar Allan Poe influence.influence_node.influenced Craig Clevenger
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graph: From April to June 1633 Galileo was tried before the Holy Office and was found \"vehemently suspect of heresy\", forced to abjure Copernicanism publicly, and sentenced to imprisonment. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Inevitably, after a comparison of these two systems, Galileo came down heavily on the side of Copernicanism, and Urban VIII, feeling he had been tricked, summoned the old scientist to Rome in February 1633.
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graph: Sidereus Nuncius common.topic.image Title page of the first edition, 1610
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graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations I am prisoner of a gaudy and unlivable present, where all forms of human society have reached an extreme of their cycle and there is no imagining what new forms they may assume.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus book.author.works_written Nicholas Copernicus Complete works
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1678, partly to counter Newton's particle theory of light, he wrote \"Treatise on Light\" (not published until 1690) based on his famous pulse (or wave) theory of light.
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graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced_by Galen
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graph: In the summer of 1610 Galileo resigned from Padua, and returned to Florence as mathematician and philosopher to Cosimo II, with no teaching duties and a large salary. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In Florence he continued his astronomical observations, and discovered spots on the surface of the Sun's disc, the oval appearance of Saturn, and that the planet Venus has crescent phases like the moon.
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graph: Maimonides base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to avicenna influenced moses maimonides
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graph: Jorge Luis Borges influence.influence_node.influenced_by Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
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graph: The following year his patron succeeded in getting him the chair of mathematics at the University of Padua, where he was to remain for the next 18 years (1592-1610),  attracting pupils from all over Europe to his lectures. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In 1591 on his father's death he resigned from  Pisa and returned to Florence.
graph: Cosmo van Hoff people.person.nationality United States of America
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graph: Io symbols.namesake.named_after Io
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences After only a few months in Noli, Bruno grew restless and began a long trek through northern Italy, arriving eventually in Geneva, Switzerland, where in 1578, he alienated the Calvinists there by criticizing a local professor of philosophy.
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graph: This eventually led to Newton's laws of gravity. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence According to Copernican theory, the Earth was not at the centre of the universe,  so a new explanation was needed.
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graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written The Ash Wednesday supper
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graph: Laurence Sterne influence.influence_node.influenced Orhan Pamuk
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He influenced the work of Geissler and Wallis.
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graph: While working on this, he was sent a short treatise on sunspots by the Jesuit Scheiner whose ideas - in particular the idea that the spots were tiny planets - Galileo demolished in three long letters, published in 1613 as 'Letters on Sunspots'. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Craig Clevenger people.person.gender Male
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graph: James Joyce common.topic.notable_types Author
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graph: He was doubtful about the validity of the Ptolemy's  complex Earth-centered astronomical system (on which all investigation of the heavens was based), and decided that there must be a simpler way of doing things. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Pierre Gassendi book.author.works_written The mirrour of true nobility & gentility
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He believed that matter could transform itself and continue as matter despite its changes, which were brought about from within, not from external agencies.
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graph: He was doubtful about the validity of the Ptolemy's  complex Earth-centered astronomical system (on which all investigation of the heavens was based), and decided that there must be a simpler way of doing things. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He discovered that other ancient Greeks had suggested the idea of a heliocentric universe, and this seemed better seemed even though it still needed complex mathematical  calculations to predict planetary movement.
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Bruno tentatively accepted, but had another mission first.
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graph: On the Shoulders of Giants common.topic.article m.0kg136g
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He was studied by Siger of Brabant.
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graph: Tajiks common.topic.notable_types Ethnicity
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graph: Iran location.country.official_language Persian Language
graph: He stated that the sun, not the earth, was the fixed point in the centre of the universe. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence The earth was not fixed: it rotated daily round its own axis and made an annual revolution around the sun.
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Copernicus revolutionized astronomy and his theory had a profound effect on philosophical and religious thought.
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graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations Novels as dull as dishwater, with the grease of random sentiments floating on top.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń education.educational_institution_campus.educational_institution Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from galileo galilei work related to pierre gassendi
graph: Early in 1611 Galileo travelled to Rome, where he spent several months demonstrating his discoveries,  and winning the approval of the Jesuits of the Roman College, the pope and several cardinals. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence On his return, Galileo turned again to physics, and published a book on the behaviour of bodies placed in water: 'Discourses on Things that Float' (1612).
graph: Robert Louis Stevenson influence.influence_node.influenced_by Edgar Allan Poe
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graph: Jorge Luis Borges freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Gender
graph: This meant that the universe was much bigger than had been supposed. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Copernicus said this was because they were too far away for any change to be seen.
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graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence During his time in Padua, he took a Venetian mistress, Marina Gamba, by whom between 1600 and 1606 he had two daughters and a son.
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graph: He also composed an untitled treatise on motion, now generally referred to as 'De motu', which disproved the Aristotelian theory that bodies of different weights fall at different speeds, and instead developed a theory of falling bodies derived from the buoyancy principle of Archimedes, an idea previously published by Benedetti . base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In 1591 on his father's death he resigned from  Pisa and returned to Florence.
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graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei knew of execution of giordano bruno
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Two years later, he offered an explanation for the mystery of the \"arms of Saturn\", showing they must be the profile view of a ring surrounding the planet.
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graph: On his return, Galileo turned again to physics, and published a book on the behaviour of bodies placed in water: 'Discourses on Things that Float' (1612). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence While working on this, he was sent a short treatise on sunspots by the Jesuit Scheiner whose ideas - in particular the idea that the spots were tiny planets - Galileo demolished in three long letters, published in 1613 as 'Letters on Sunspots'.
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graph: The Copernican system offered scientists a less clumsy method than that of Ptolemy for calculating planetary movement but it did mean they had to make two major changes in their mind-set. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: m.075vj9c people.place_lived.person Giordano Bruno
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graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations The unconscious is the ocean of the unsayable, of what has been expelled from the land of language, removed as a result of ancient prohibitions.
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graph: Robert Boyle base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In the first few years of the decade, he published three works showing the results of his studies, 'Experiments and Considerations Touching Colors', in 1664, 'New Experiments and Observations Touching Cold' in 1665 and 'Hydrostatic Paradoxes' a year later.
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graph: Italo Calvino book.author.book_editions_published The path to the nest of spiders
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Bruno deserted the Order and went to Noli, near Genoa, where he took a job teaching astronomy and grammar.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The case against was strengthened when, in 1640, Berti carried out an experiment in Rome in which water in suction pumps rose higher than 18 braccia.
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The British ambassador in Paris wrote a letter to Francis Walsingham, the English spymaster, warning him of Bruno's arrival.
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graph: Late in August, Galileo arrived back in Venice with a nine-power telescope, three times as effective as those from Holland. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: In 1500 Copernicus visited Rome,  where he taught mathematics privately and made observations on a lunar eclipse which he used later for his lunar theory. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence His (administrative) canon's post back at the cathedral of Frombork, Poland gave him financial independence for life and in 1501 he paid a brief visit there  to confirm his appointment and secure formal leave of absence to continue his studies.
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Instead he got a job lecturing privately to German students and in his spare time wrote \"Lectures  on Geometry\" and \"Art of Deformation\".
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graph: The problem was that they had been seen not to do so at all. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Copernicus said this was because they were too far away for any change to be seen.
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graph: He also gave a new order of the planets, in which the planets were arranged at a distance from the stationary sun in the following order: Mercury, Venus, Earth with the Moon orbiting around it, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence The Copernican system offered scientists a less clumsy method than that of Ptolemy for calculating planetary movement but it did mean they had to make two major changes in their mind-set.
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graph: In 1514 he was consulted on calendar reform by the Lateran Council,  but ducked the issue,  saying that the positions of the Sun and the Moon were not yet exactly known. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He recorded his observations,  and as they were circulated so his fame as an astronomer grew.
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graph: It is not clear whether this trip precipitated the ultimate crisis, but in March 1616 a committee of consultors to the Holy Office declared that the proposition that the Sun is the immovable centre of the universe was heretical, and that the proposition of a moving Earth was theologically \"erroneous\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence No action was taken, but Galileo was alarmed enough by the news from Rome to decide in December 1615 to present his views there himself.
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graph: He was later corrected by Fermat. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence The Cassini family improved on his measurements His problems influenced Descartes, Hobbes,  Mariotte and Newton.
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graph: In particular, Galileo saw in the moons of Jupiter a miniature planetary system,  thanks to which it could no longer be argued (as critics of Copernicus did)  that all moving heavenly bodies revolved exclusively around the Earth, Within two years he had constructed approximately accurate tables of the orbits of Jupiter's moons and suggested their frequent eclipses as a means of calculating longitude. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In Florence he continued his astronomical observations, and discovered spots on the surface of the Sun's disc, the oval appearance of Saturn, and that the planet Venus has crescent phases like the moon.
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graph: Scientific circles were more receptive to Copernican theory and at the beginning of the seventeenth century the Ptolemaic theory was first formally abandoned by Kepler. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In Copernicus's time, while some astronomers and philosophers even welcomed his theory as a long overdue alternative to the Ptolemaic system, others were outraged at its revolutionary implications.
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graph: If the earth were just one more planet then it was open to scientific investigation, which conservatives considered an affront to divine authority. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: georg von peuerbach work corrected by nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation work corrected by
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graph: Italian common.image.appears_in_topic_gallery Italian people
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graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced_by Cesare Pavese
graph: Islam religion.religion.founding_figures Muhammad in Islam
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graph: Albertus Magnus influence.influence_node.influenced Thomas Aquinas
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graph: Galileo spent the next seven years (1616-23) in retirement at his house in Bellosguardo near Florence, in 1618-23 becoming involved in a dispute with Orazio Grassi over the nature of comets, which ended with the publication of his famous work, 'Il Saggiatore' ('The Assayer'), a brilliant piece on physical reality,  and an exposition of the new scientific method which included his famous pronouncement that the \"Book of Nature is... written in mathematical characters\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tdm
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graph: Scientist base.descriptive_names.names.descriptive_name m.0_zfxp5
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to georg joachim rheticus a disciple of nicolaus copernicus
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graph: Le operazioni del compasso geometrico common.topic.notable_types Book
graph: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
graph: Isaac Barrow influence.influence_node.influenced_by Gilles de Roberval
graph: In 1514 he was consulted on calendar reform by the Lateran Council,  but ducked the issue,  saying that the positions of the Sun and the Moon were not yet exactly known. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Berkeley base.biblioness.bibs_topic.is_really Berkeley
graph: From 1585 to 1589 Galileo gave lessons in mathematics in Florence and Siena, and in 1586 he published an essay (describing his invention of a hydrostatic balance) which made him known throughout Italy, and won him the support of a wealthy patron, the Marchese del Monte, for whom he wrote a treatise on the centre of gravity in solids (1588) and who got him the job of lecturer in mathematics at the University of Pisa. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t6c
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences From this base, he was able to found the modern experimental method.
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graph: Galileo Galilei book.book_subject.works The sharp-eyed lynx, outfoxed by nature, part 1
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Ricercare del nono tuono per b
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Che i vaghi suoni (seconda parte)
graph: Gore Vidal people.person.nationality United States of America
graph: m.0bjb3r7 book.contents.work The sharp-eyed lynx, outfoxed by nature, part 1
graph: Paris location.administrative_division.country France
graph: Galileo Academy of Science and Technology education.educational_institution.students_graduates m.0w56q3h
graph: Duns Scotus influence.influence_node.influenced Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
graph: Galileo Galilei influence.influence_node.influenced Pierre Gassendi
graph: Arthur Schopenhauer influence.influence_node.influenced_by David Hume
graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced_by Robert Louis Stevenson
graph: Galileo spent the next seven years (1616-23) in retirement at his house in Bellosguardo near Florence, in 1618-23 becoming involved in a dispute with Orazio Grassi over the nature of comets, which ended with the publication of his famous work, 'Il Saggiatore' ('The Assayer'), a brilliant piece on physical reality,  and an exposition of the new scientific method which included his famous pronouncement that the \"Book of Nature is... written in mathematical characters\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced Samuel Beckett
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from christiaan huyghens work related to blaise pascal
graph: Io common.topic.image True-color image taken by the Galileo probe.
graph: On Motion common.topic.notable_types Written Work
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Moravia
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graph: Franz Kafka freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
graph: Hippocrates freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Parents
graph: Scientist base.descriptive_names.names.descriptive_name m.0108rz7d
graph: Vincenzo Gamba common.topic.notable_for g.125bxhnlr
graph: Pierre Gassendi people.person.gender Male
graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations Myth is the hidden part of every story, the buried part, the region that is still unexplored because there are as yet no words to enable us to get there. Myth is nourished by silence as well as by words.
graph: Jorge Luis Borges influence.influence_node.influenced Italo Calvino
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Huyghens's analysis was remarkably thorough, but although he observed the effects of polarization, and was the first to describe it, he was unable to explain it.
graph: Nicholas of Cusa influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plotinus
graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī people.person.nationality Iran
graph: In biasimo della toga common.topic.notable_types Book
graph: Giulia di Cosimo Ammannati people.person.children Galileo Galilei
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The Holy Office then told its leading Roman theologian, Bellarmine,  to ask Galileo to abandon \"realist\" Copernicanism, which was declared \"false and erroneous\", and Copernicus': 'De Revolutionibus' was put on the list of prohibited books.
graph: Io astronomy.celestial_object.locations Asha Patera
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced_by Al-Farabi
graph: Pope  Alexander VI gave him professorship His system was opposed by Bellarmine. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence An edition of his book was published by Blaeuw.
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced_by Al-Kindi
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from vincenzo viviani work related to pierre de fermat
graph: Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz people.person.profession Philosopher
graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations What Romantic terminology called genius or talent or inspiration is nothing other than finding the right road empirically, following one's nose, taking shortcuts.
graph: galileo galilei a pal of vincenzo viviani base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Vincenzo Viviani
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graph: Io astronomy.celestial_object.locations Surt
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Infinità della natura e significato della civiltà
graph: Ibn Tufail influence.influence_node.influenced Isaac Newton
graph: Airport freebase.type_profile.strict_included_types Location
graph: Albertus Magnus influence.influence_node.influenced_by Averroes
graph: m.0l357yc people.sibling_relationship.sibling Christiaan Huygens
graph: Pisa International Airport aviation.airport.serves Pisa
graph: Blaise Pascal people.person.profession Philosopher
graph: Grand Duchy of Tuscany location.location.people_born_here g.121hdvz_
graph: Two New Sciences book.book.editions Dialogues concerning two new sciences, by Galileo Galilei
graph: Robert Boyle base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from robert boyle gave demo to christiaan huyghens
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Scritti letterari
graph: Mathematics education.field_of_study.academics_in_this_field Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Ibn Zuhr influence.influence_node.influenced Avicenna
graph: Jonathan Safran Foer people.person.nationality United States of America
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graph: Isaac Newton influence.influence_node.influenced_by Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Ibn Zuhr influence.influence_node.influenced Ibn al-Nafis
graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
graph: Parola di Galileo book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Eugenio Barsanti people.person.gender Male
graph: He corrected Peuerbach's work He was influenced by Regiomontanus' work. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus corrected georg von peuerbach
graph: galileo galilei biography written by david brewster base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence Brewster wrote his biography He met Campanella.
graph: 697 Galilea astronomy.astronomical_discovery.discoverer Joseph Helffrich
graph: Evangelista Torricelli common.topic.notable_types Academic
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1624, he published his first work, 'Exercitationes Paradoxicae adversus Aristoteleos, Book 1', a philosophical work disagreeing with the old Scholastic mode of reasoning.
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus symbols.name_source.namesakes Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
graph: Hossein Nasr people.person.ethnicity Persian people
graph: Callisto astronomy.celestial_object.locations Keelut
graph: John Updike people.person.profession Writer
graph: René Descartes people.person.profession Writer
graph: Avicenna people.person.parents Abdullah
graph: Sidereus Nuncius book.book.editions Sidereus Nuncius
graph: Ibn Khaldun people.person.profession Economist
graph: Galileo Galilei people.person.spouse_s m.0n98cdw
graph: Galileo Galilei astronomy.astronomer.astronomical_objects_discovered Callisto
graph: Maimonides kp_lw.philosopher.influenced_by ABU HAMIDAL. GHAZALI
graph: Ernest Hemingway influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ambrose Bierce
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from christiaan huyghens was translated by john arbuthnot
graph: Tycho Brahe freebase.valuenotation.has_value Height
graph: m.075vj96 people.place_lived.person Giordano Bruno
graph: Blaise Pascal base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from blaise pascal confirmed theory of evangelista torricelli
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Fiordiligi
graph: Albertus Magnus influence.influence_node.influenced Dante Alighieri
graph: Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling influence.influence_node.influenced_by Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced_by René Descartes
graph: Christiaan Huygens people.person.nationality Netherlands
graph: Christiaan Huygens book.author.works_written [Kosmotheōros]
graph: Samuel Beckett influence.influence_node.influenced_by John Milton
graph: Thomas Hobbes people.person.profession Philosopher
graph: Florence visual_art.art_subject.artwork_on_the_subject Florence triumphant over Pisa
graph: Thomas Aquinas influence.influence_node.influenced James Joyce
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from galileo galilei met tommaso campanella
graph: Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plato
graph: David Mitchell people.person.gender Male
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to thomas tompion involved in row with christiaan huyghens
graph: While working on this, he was sent a short treatise on sunspots by the Jesuit Scheiner whose ideas - in particular the idea that the spots were tiny planets - Galileo demolished in three long letters, published in 1613 as 'Letters on Sunspots'. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tbt
graph: Copernicus said this was because they were too far away for any change to be seen. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Praised work of Gilbert. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He advised Christiaan Huyghens to patent his clock He was influenced by Witelo and the Council of Trent Venturi wrote about him His astronomy was followed up by  Borelli.
graph: 697 Galilea common.topic.webpage m.0cgjf7t
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graph: Bernardo di Niccolò Machiavelli freebase.valuenotation.has_value Parents
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graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Ptolemaic and Copernican, Second Revised edition book.book_edition.binding Paperback
graph: Astronomer base.descriptive_names.names.descriptive_name m.0_z7s44
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Viviani was a distinguished antiquarian who helped to propagate the mathematics of antiquity.
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graph: Maria Celeste common.topic.image Suor maria celeste
graph: galileo galilei corresponded with johannes kepler base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Galileo Galilei
graph: Christiaan Huygens symbols.name_source.namesakes Huygens Software
graph: Scientist common.topic.image A scientist preparing DNA samples for a polymerase chain reaction
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graph: Santa Maria della Spina common.topic.notable_types Tourist attraction
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graph: Ibn Tufail people.person.profession Novelist
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In the winter of 1629-30, he traveled in the Netherlands, where he met, among others, the physicist Beeckman.
graph: Callisto astronomy.celestial_object.locations Arcas
graph: Pisa common.topic.image Leaning Tower of Pisa
graph: Marina Gamba people.person.gender Female
graph: Al-Kindi influence.influence_node.influenced Avicenna
graph: Vincenzo Galilei book.author.works_written Dialogue on ancient and modern music
graph: In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: nicolaus copernicus triggered gravity work by isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Isaac Newton
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Ptolemaic and Copernican, Second Revised edition book.book_edition.author_editor Galileo Galilei
graph: Salman Rushdie influence.influence_node.influenced_by Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov
graph: Location type.type.properties Time zone(s)
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graph: galileo galilei work related to nicole oresme base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Nicole Oresme
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graph: In 1512 he returned to Frombork and began a systematic study of the movements of planets. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov influence.influence_node.influenced_by Robert Louis Stevenson
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graph: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi people.person.profession Physicist
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graph: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi freebase.valuenotation.has_value Parents
graph: Physicist base.descriptive_names.names.descriptive_name m.01066smw
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus symbols.name_source.namesakes Copernican heliocentrism
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graph: San Nicola Church, Pisa architecture.building.building_complex San Nicola, Pisa
graph: Al-Farabi influence.influence_node.influenced Albertus Magnus
graph: His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus influenced simon stevin
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Aristotle had said that objects fell to \"their natural place\" ­ i.e., to the centre of the universe: Earth.
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graph: Arthur Schopenhauer influence.influence_node.influenced_by Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
graph: m.0w64sx8 people.marriage.spouse Vincenzo Gamba
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graph: Mohsin Hamid freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
graph: Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies location.location.containedby Province of Pisa
graph: Salman Rushdie freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
graph: Robert Boyle people.person.gender Male
graph: Ibn Tufail influence.influence_node.influenced Baruch Spinoza
graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Lorenzo Bartolini
graph: galileo galilei influenced isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Galileo Galilei
graph: Italian people fictional_universe.ethnicity_in_fiction.characters_of_this_ethnicity Basil
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems common.topic.image Galileos Dialogue Title Page
graph: Over the next few months he continued to work on the telescope, and by the end of 1609 he had improved it to a power of thirty-two, the practicable limit for a refracting telescope of this type, in which a convex (converging) objective lens and a concave (diverging) lens in the eyepiece together produce a magnified, upright image. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Galileo's method for checking the curvature of his lenses made it possible to use the telescope for astronomical observation.
graph: Jonathan Safran Foer influence.influence_node.influenced_by Italo Calvino
graph: Ibn Khaldun influence.influence_node.influenced_by ABU HAMIDAL. GHAZALI
graph: The essential Galileo book.book.editions The essential Galileo
graph: Ernest Hemingway influence.influence_node.influenced Italo Calvino
graph: Museo Galileo location.location.geolocation m.0cl_980
graph: Organization founder freebase.type_hints.included_types Topic
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graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Cabale du cheval pégaséen
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Ombre delle idee =
graph: Il pensiero di Galileo Galilei common.topic.notable_for g.125563r16
graph: Italo Calvino people.person.parents Mario Calvino
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graph: Praised work of Gilbert. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus symbols.name_source.namesakes Copernicus
graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced tycho brahe base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin.
graph: Opere di Galileo Galilei common.topic.notable_types Book
graph: Italian people people.ethnicity.languages_spoken Ladin Language
graph: Mohsin Hamid influence.influence_node.influenced_by Jorge Luis Borges
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1650, Huyghens produced the first of many papers in applied mathematics.
graph: John Updike people.person.profession Novelist
graph: Pierre Gassendi book.author.works_written Sochinenii︠a︡. V. 2x t
graph: Dr. Azzeccagarbugli fictional_universe.fictional_character.ethnicity Italian people
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graph: Sidereus nuncius common.topic.notable_for g.1259l_dt6
graph: Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina common.topic.notable_for g.125ghc771
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graph: Galileo Academy of Science and Technology common.topic.notable_types School
graph: Galileo Academy of Science and Technology symbols.namesake.named_after Galileo Galilei
graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced_by Baruch Spinoza
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He stated that the sun, not the earth, was the fixed point in the centre of the universe.
graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
graph: Pisa International Airport symbols.namesake.named_after Galileo Galilei
graph: thomas hobbes questioned view of aristotle base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Thomas Hobbes
graph: m.02_9kzv common.webpage.topic Arthur van Hoff
graph: Sicilian Language language.human_language.main_country Italy
graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Bernardo di Niccolò Machiavelli
graph: His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei work related to gilles personne de roberval
graph: Albertus Magnus people.person.religion Catholicism
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graph: Mohsin Hamid people.person.nationality United Kingdom
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus people.person.languages German Language
graph: Giorgio Agamben people.person.gender Male
graph: Isaac Barrow base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to robert boyle a pal of isaac barrow
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graph: Fakhr ad-Din ar-Razi influence.influence_node.influenced Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
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graph: Italian people fictional_universe.ethnicity_in_fiction.characters_of_this_ethnicity Dr. Azzeccagarbugli
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1514 he circulated among his  scholarly friends a summary of his ideas in a manuscript entitled \"A Commentary on the Theories of the Motions of Heavenly Objects from Their Arrangements\".
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graph: During his time in Padua, he took a Venetian mistress, Marina Gamba, by whom between 1600 and 1606 he had two daughters and a son. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time).
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graph: If this were so, then the stars should move periodically move their positions very slightly. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Over the next twenty years Copernicus developed his ideas, backing them up with mathematical calculations and diagrams. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Torricelli had become the first man to create a sustained vacuum, and his work led directly to the achievements of the English physicist Boyle with his air pump in the late 1650s.
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graph: Inevitably, after a comparison of these two systems, Galileo came down heavily on the side of Copernicanism, and Urban VIII, feeling he had been tricked, summoned the old scientist to Rome in February 1633. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Callisto common.topic.notable_for g.12586g2j8
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Corresponded with John Collins and Marriotte.
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1656, at Galileo's suggestion, he invented and patented the first pendulum clock, described in his work: \"Horologium\".
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graph: Galileo Galilei symbols.name_source.namesakes Galileo Academy of Science and Technology
graph: galileo galilei knew of execution of giordano bruno base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time).
graph: His tables were reworked by Reinhold. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He corrected Peuerbach's work He was influenced by Regiomontanus' work.
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graph: In Florence he continued his astronomical observations, and discovered spots on the surface of the Sun's disc, the oval appearance of Saturn, and that the planet Venus has crescent phases like the moon. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In particular, Galileo saw in the moons of Jupiter a miniature planetary system,  thanks to which it could no longer be argued (as critics of Copernicus did)  that all moving heavenly bodies revolved exclusively around the Earth, Within two years he had constructed approximately accurate tables of the orbits of Jupiter's moons and suggested their frequent eclipses as a means of calculating longitude.
graph: In his defence, Galileo wrote two letters for publication, one to his pupil Castelli and the other to the Dowager Duchess Christina (both 1615), in which he argued that neither the Bible nor nature could speak falsely and that whereas the investigation of nature was the province of the scientist, the reconciliation of scientific facts with the language of the Bible was that of the theologian. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tck
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graph: This eventually led to Newton's laws of gravity. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: He also composed an untitled treatise on motion, now generally referred to as 'De motu', which disproved the Aristotelian theory that bodies of different weights fall at different speeds, and instead developed a theory of falling bodies derived from the buoyancy principle of Archimedes, an idea previously published by Benedetti . base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences But Mocenigo began to get impatient, complaining that Bruno's mnemonic lessons were going too slowly.
graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced_by Edgar Allan Poe
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graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Once he was totally blind (1638), Galileo was permitted to have his two friends, the geometrician Viviani and Torricelli, to live with him, to whom he was dictating his latest ideas on the theory of impact when he was seized with the slow fever that resulted in his death.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Torricelli soon achieved fame throughout Italy and Europe, in particular for his clear exposition and extension of Cavalieri's geometry of indivisibles, a new geometry which was being advanced at the same time by Roberval,  Fermat and Descartes  in France, who all greatly admired Torricelli's work.
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graph: The Copernican system offered scientists a less clumsy method than that of Ptolemy for calculating planetary movement but it did mean they had to make two major changes in their mind-set. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He also gave a new order of the planets, in which the planets were arranged at a distance from the stationary sun in the following order: Mercury, Venus, Earth with the Moon orbiting around it, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
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graph: In 1514 he circulated among his  scholarly friends a summary of his ideas in a manuscript entitled \"A Commentary on the Theories of the Motions of Heavenly Objects from Their Arrangements\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Over the next twenty years Copernicus developed his ideas, backing them up with mathematical calculations and diagrams.
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graph: Galileo spent the next seven years (1616-23) in retirement at his house in Bellosguardo near Florence, in 1618-23 becoming involved in a dispute with Orazio Grassi over the nature of comets, which ended with the publication of his famous work, 'Il Saggiatore' ('The Assayer'), a brilliant piece on physical reality,  and an exposition of the new scientific method which included his famous pronouncement that the \"Book of Nature is... written in mathematical characters\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence The Holy Office then told its leading Roman theologian, Bellarmine,  to ask Galileo to abandon \"realist\" Copernicanism, which was declared \"false and erroneous\", and Copernicus': 'De Revolutionibus' was put on the list of prohibited books.
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graph: galileo galilei inspired gasparo berti base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences During the 1640s Torricelli began to correspond with noted Italian scientists, such as Borelli, and French scholars, including Mersenne His correspondence with Roberval caused a serious priority dispute over the discovery of certain properties of the cycloid, including quadrature, centre of gravity, and his theorem concerning the measurement of the solid generated by its rotation round the base.
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences When opposition from the church prevented him from following this plan, Viviani turned to the study of the mathematics of antiquity.
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1637, Peiresc died and the following year Gassendi was taken under the wing of the new governor of Aix-en-Provence, Louis de Valois.
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graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tgc
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graph: If this were so, then the stars should move periodically move their positions very slightly. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence The first arose from the concept of the Earth orbiting round the Sun.
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graph: While working on this, he was sent a short treatise on sunspots by the Jesuit Scheiner whose ideas - in particular the idea that the spots were tiny planets - Galileo demolished in three long letters, published in 1613 as 'Letters on Sunspots'. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei disproved theory of christoph scheiner
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graph: The second change challenged Aristotle by upsetting his doctrine on gravity. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In England this was interpreted as an infinite universe with stars scattered throughout space.
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Two of the volumes were dedicated to Sidney.
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He was later corrected by Fermat.
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graph: Having now spoken out publicly and decisively for the Copernican system Galileo faced increasing attacks from church authorities because of contradictions between the Copernican theory and the Scriptures, and in 1614 he was reported to the Inquisition. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tc7
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Another of these problems was posed by the French mathematician Fermat to Torricelli,  and by Torricelli to Viviani,  who solved it.
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graph: galileo galilei influenced isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence The Cassini family improved on his measurements His problems influenced Descartes, Hobbes,  Mariotte and Newton.
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He later studied at the University of Avignon and returned to Digne as a Doctor of Theology in 1614, becoming Principal of the Latin School.
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graph: thomas hobbes influenced isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation influenced
graph: From April to June 1633 Galileo was tried before the Holy Office and was found \"vehemently suspect of heresy\", forced to abjure Copernicanism publicly, and sentenced to imprisonment. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations Traveling, you realize that differences are lost: each city takes to resembling all cities, places exchange their form, order, distances, a shapeless dust cloud invades the continents.
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graph: While working on this, he was sent a short treatise on sunspots by the Jesuit Scheiner whose ideas - in particular the idea that the spots were tiny planets - Galileo demolished in three long letters, published in 1613 as 'Letters on Sunspots'. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence The 'Letters' also confirmed Galileo's earlier criticism of Aristotelian cosmology, as he maintained that the movement of the spots across the face of the Sun proved that Copernicus' system was correct,  and also that the Sun rotated.
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences One of Viviani's closest links in France was with the writer and amateur scientist, Thevenot.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences According to Copernican theory, the Earth was not at the centre of the universe,  so a new explanation was needed.
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graph: Ezio Auditore da Firenze fictional_universe.fictional_character.place_of_birth Florence
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graph: He corrected Peuerbach's work He was influenced by Regiomontanus' work. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced Arthur Schopenhauer
graph: Voltaire freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences (It is generally thought that Elizabeth's doctor, William Gilbert became familiar with Bruno's work, and Gilbert's book, \"On the Magnet\" (1600)
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graph: joseph justus scaliger used data of nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind.
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graph: His tables were reworked by Reinhold. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus tables reworked by erasmus reinhold
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences This was in order to reduce the dangerous hostility to any ideas that contradicted Aristotle who had claimed that the Earth was the fixed central point in the universe.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In his 'De Motu', Torricelli also proved that the flow of liquid through an opening is proportional to the square root of the height of the liquid, a result now known as Torricelli's theorem.
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graph: In the 1543: \"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres\", Copernicus put forward a view of the universe that provided a new basis for making the mathematical calculations needed to provide accurate information for calendar reform, to predict astronomical events like eclipses,  and to investigate the cosmos. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He stated that the sun, not the earth, was the fixed point in the centre of the universe.
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences His work was known outside Italy and he was given a pension by Louis XIV of France.
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from christiaan huyghens work related to hans lippershey
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences His (administrative) canon's post back at the cathedral of Frombork, Poland gave him financial independence for life and in 1501 he paid a brief visit there  to confirm his appointment and secure formal leave of absence to continue his studies.
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Late in August, Galileo arrived back in Venice with a nine-power telescope, three times as effective as those from Holland.
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Created a comprehensive, detailed and rationalistic account of the nature of God and Being.
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graph: galileo galilei advised christiaan huyghens base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence He advised Christiaan Huyghens to patent his clock He was influenced by Witelo and the Council of Trent Venturi wrote about him His astronomy was followed up by  Borelli.
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graph: Avicenna symbols.name_source.namesakes Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He then went to Toulouse, France, where he lectured in astronomy and philosophy.
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graph: Umberto Eco people.person.profession Novelist
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graph: Weight type.property.expected_type Floating Point Number
graph: Leaning Tower of Pisa travel.travel_destination.tour_operators Adventures by Disney - Italy and Amalfi Coast Vacation
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graph: Callisto astronomy.celestial_object.locations Asgard
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He discovered that other ancient Greeks had suggested the idea of a heliocentric universe, and this seemed better seemed even though it still needed complex mathematical  calculations to predict planetary movement.
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1655, in Paris, Huyghens met Gassendi and Roberval and learned of the theory of probability being worked out by Blaise Pascal and Fermat.
graph: From this base, he was able to found the modern experimental method. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Perhaps the most far-reaching of his achievements was his insistence that the \"Book of Nature is . . . written in mathematical characters\".
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences As court philosopher, Torricelli was often asked for advice on contemporary scientific and technological problems, and in 1643 he was consulted on the phenomenon that in suction pumps water did not rise more than about 33 feet or 9 metres.
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He was also friends with scientist Mersenne and philosopher Descartes.
graph: He stated that the sun, not the earth, was the fixed point in the centre of the universe. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In the 1543: \"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres\", Copernicus put forward a view of the universe that provided a new basis for making the mathematical calculations needed to provide accurate information for calendar reform, to predict astronomical events like eclipses,  and to investigate the cosmos.
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graph: David Mitchell common.topic.notable_types Author
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graph: Hossein Nasr freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1674 he published \"Quinto libro degli Elementii di Euclide\" to which he added an appendix in which he demonstrated the solution to certain geometric problems raised by Euclid, and in 1690 he produced an Italian version of Euclid's \"Elements\" as part of a project to improve geometry teaching in Italy.
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to pendulum clock developed by christiaan huyghens
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to isaac newton studied pierre gassendi
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graph: Les Méchaniques de Galilée .. common.topic.notable_for g.125h514zx
graph: Al-Kindi influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written L' éthique de Giordano Bruno et le Deuxième dialogue due Spaccio
graph: His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei work related to nicolas-claude fabri de peiresc
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graph: Pisa common.topic.webpage m.03l9wtt
graph: Al-Farabi influence.influence_node.influenced Maimonides
graph: Abu Zayd al-Balkhi influence.influence_node.influenced Avicenna
graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations When politicians and politically minded people pay too much attention to literature, it is a bad sign -- a bad sign mostly for literature. But it is also a bad sign when they don't want to hear the word mentioned.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus people.deceased_person.cause_of_death Stroke
graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced_by Francis Bacon
graph: Vincenzo Viviani people.person.profession Mathematician
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences This included his own theory on the causes of motion,  and the implications for the Copernican debate.
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written De la causa, principio e uno
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Ricercare del primo tuono per b quadro
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written In biasimo della toga
graph: Orhan Pamuk influence.influence_node.influenced_by Jorge Luis Borges
graph: galileo galilei work related to pierre gassendi base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation work related to
graph: Christiaan Huygens book.author.works_written Treatise on Light
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time).
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graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced David Hume
graph: Johannes Kepler influence.influence_node.influenced Thomas Hobbes
graph: Jorge Luis Borges influence.influence_node.influenced Umberto Eco
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graph: Pierre Gassendi book.author.works_written Syntagma philosophiae Epicuri
graph: The Cassini family improved on his measurements His problems influenced Descartes, Hobbes,  Mariotte and Newton. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei influenced edme mariotte
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Viviani revered Galileo and after his death in 1642  he hoped to edit and publish an account of his life and works and to develop the new ideas about mathematics Galileo's work had stimulated.
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Introduced Vermeer to the camera obscura De Moivre studied his probability work He influenced 'sGravesande and Otto Pierre Perrault dedicated a book to him Had priority dispute with Tompion.
graph: Io astronomy.celestial_object.locations Reiden Patera
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Ferdinand introduced Viviani to the aged and blind scientist Galileo and Viviani became Galileo's assistant.
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graph: Blaise Pascal kp_lw.philosophy_influencer.influencee Damaris Cudworth Masham
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graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: m.0b6s3qc common.webpage.topic Pisa
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to pope alexander vi appointed as professor nicolaus copernicus
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Galileo then returned to Florence and spent the next several years working on his great book, 'Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo, tolemaico e copernicano' ('Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Ptolemaic and Copernican'), which he completed in 1630 and was permitted to publish in 1632.
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graph: Aristotle freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Height
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1668, Huyghens in Paris and Wallis and Wren in England accepted a challenge by the Royal Society to solve a question on impact.
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graph: Inedita Galilaeiana common.topic.notable_for g.1259jvhp0
graph: m.03pkyyr people.place_lived.location Toruń
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graph: m.03ldp44 education.education.student Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Two New Sciences book.book.editions Two New Sciences
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graph: m.02_7d43 business.employment_tenure.person Arthur van Hoff
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graph: Albertus Magnus influence.influence_node.influenced Nicholas of Cusa
graph: He was doubtful about the validity of the Ptolemy's  complex Earth-centered astronomical system (on which all investigation of the heavens was based), and decided that there must be a simpler way of doing things. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In 1514 he was consulted on calendar reform by the Lateran Council,  but ducked the issue,  saying that the positions of the Sun and the Moon were not yet exactly known.
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graph: nicolaus copernicus contradicted aristotle base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence This was in order to reduce the dangerous hostility to any ideas that contradicted Aristotle who had claimed that the Earth was the fixed central point in the universe.
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graph: Dutch Language language.human_language.countries_spoken_in Netherlands
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graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced johannes kepler base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Johannes Kepler
graph: galileo galilei work related to niccolo fontana tartaglia base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation work related to
graph: Inevitably, after a comparison of these two systems, Galileo came down heavily on the side of Copernicanism, and Urban VIII, feeling he had been tricked, summoned the old scientist to Rome in February 1633. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence From April to June 1633 Galileo was tried before the Holy Office and was found \"vehemently suspect of heresy\", forced to abjure Copernicanism publicly, and sentenced to imprisonment.
graph: Epicurus influence.influence_node.influenced David Hume
graph: Corsican Language language.human_language.countries_spoken_in France
graph: galileo galilei warned by robert bellarmine base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence The Holy Office then told its leading Roman theologian, Bellarmine,  to ask Galileo to abandon \"realist\" Copernicanism, which was declared \"false and erroneous\", and Copernicus': 'De Revolutionibus' was put on the list of prohibited books.
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graph: Galileo common.topic.notable_for g.125dcyf2z
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graph: galileo galilei work related to william of ockham base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc.
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graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Acerca do infinito, do universo e dos mundos
graph: In Pisa, Galileo began a controversial campaign to discredit accepted Aristotelian physics. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Sidereus Nuncius book.written_work.subjects Science
graph: Adventures by Disney - Italy and Amalfi Coast Vacation travel.tour_operator.travel_destinations Siena
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graph: De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium common.topic.notable_types Book Edition
graph: Two New Sciences book.written_work.subjects History
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems book.written_work.subjects Physics
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Jordani Bruni Nolani opera latine conscripta
graph: Giulia di Cosimo Ammannati people.person.gender Female
graph: nicolaus copernicus questioned claudius ptolemy base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Ptolemy
graph: Craig Clevenger people.person.nationality United States of America
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graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī people.person.profession Philosopher
graph: Dr. Azzeccagarbugli common.topic.notable_types Fictional Character
graph: Craig Clevenger influence.influence_node.influenced_by Edgar Allan Poe
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In the field of astronomy, Avicenna correctly deduced that Venus must be closer to the Earth than the Sun.
graph: Duns Scotus influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: Copernicus said this was because they were too far away for any change to be seen. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence This meant that the universe was much bigger than had been supposed.
graph: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi influence.influence_node.influenced Ibn Khaldun
graph: Albertus Magnus people.person.profession Physician
graph: Umberto Eco freebase.valuenotation.has_value Children
graph: Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies education.educational_institution.campuses Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to willebrord snel van royen defended by christiaan huyghens
graph: Plato people.person.profession Mathematician
graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced Gore Vidal
graph: Blaise Pascal influence.influence_node.influenced David Hume
graph: m.0w56q3h education.education.institution Galileo Academy of Science and Technology
graph: In 1512 he returned to Frombork and began a systematic study of the movements of planets. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He then spent over three years studying law and medicine at Padua University and obtained a doctorate in Canon Law from Ferrara in 1503.
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graph: Isaac Newton base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from isaac newton work related to nicolaus copernicus
graph: Pierre Gassendi influence.influence_node.influenced_by Lucretius
graph: Galileo Galilei people.person.children Vincenzo Gamba
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In his physics research, Avicenna  studied heat, light and motion and analyzed the concepts of force, vacuum and infinity.
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems book.book.editions Dialogue concerning the two chief world systems, Ptolemaic & Copernican
graph: Thomas Hobbes base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from thomas hobbes knew work of pierre gassendi
graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced_by Thomas Hobbes
graph: Adventures by Disney - Italy and Amalfi Coast Vacation travel.tour_operator.travel_destinations Piazza dei Miracoli
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Viviani's obituary for the French academy of science was written by Fontenelle.
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences As a result of this work, Huyghens, Hooke, Halley and Wren formulated the inverse-square law of gravitational attraction.
graph: Florence fictional_universe.fictional_setting.fictional_characters_born_here Ezio Auditore da Firenze
graph: Michelangelo freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of death
graph: Once he was totally blind (1638), Galileo was permitted to have his two friends, the geometrician Viviani and Torricelli, to live with him, to whom he was dictating his latest ideas on the theory of impact when he was seized with the slow fever that resulted in his death. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei a pal of vincenzo viviani
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to john collins corresponded with christiaan huyghens
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graph: Christiaan Huygens book.author.works_written Abhandlung über das Licht
graph: Giulia di Cosimo Ammannati common.topic.notable_for g.125b6738j
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graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t83
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Gassendi preached at the church of Notre Dame de Bourg and, in 1616, after becoming a priest, conducted his first Mass at l'Eglise des Peres de L'Oratoire at Aix.
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Frammenti e lettere
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus symbols.name_source.namesakes Wrocław–Copernicus Airport
graph: Galileo Galilei book.book_subject.works Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Viviani's work as a consulting engineer for the Medici's,  particularly on the endless problem of flood control, came to end in 1666 when he was relieved of this work and given a small pension to enable him to concentrate on his mathematical writings.
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences No action was taken, but Galileo was alarmed enough by the news from Rome to decide in December 1615 to present his views there himself.
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graph: Pisa International Airport aviation.airport.hub_for Ryanair
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graph: Ibn Zuhr freebase.valuenotation.has_value Children
graph: Christiaan Huygens influence.influence_node.influenced Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
graph: Christiaan Huygens common.topic.image Christiaan Huygens
graph: Christiaan Huygens influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ibn Tufail
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graph: Thomas Hobbes influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plato
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani influence.influence_node.influenced_by Evangelista Torricelli
graph: Isaac Newton people.person.profession Astronomer
graph: James Joyce influence.influence_node.influenced_by Maimonides
graph: Io astronomy.celestial_object.locations Manua Patera
graph: Edgar Allan Poe freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Siblings
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to philip sidney a pal of giordano bruno
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He fled to Dominican headquarters in Rome, where he hoped to find understanding, but was indicted for reading forbidden texts by the humanist scholar Erasmus.
graph: Laurence Sterne influence.influence_node.influenced James Joyce
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences A couple of years later, on a mountain near Toulon, he carried out another experiment, repeating the famous investigation of air pressure by Perier under the direction of Blaise Pascal.
graph: isaac newton work related to nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation work related to
graph: Late in August, Galileo arrived back in Venice with a nine-power telescope, three times as effective as those from Holland. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one.
graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Maria Celeste
graph: Franz Kafka common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Io astronomy.celestial_object.locations Gish Bar Patera
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graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Charles Martel, Duke of Calabria
graph: Francis Bacon people.person.religion Anglicanism
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graph: Robert Louis Stevenson influence.influence_node.influenced Italo Calvino
graph: Galileo Galilei people.person.gender Male
graph: Ambrose Bierce influence.influence_node.influenced Italo Calvino
graph: Giordano Bruno influence.influence_node.influenced g.11b6zkp2qf
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graph: Ernest Hemingway freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Gender
graph: The Cassini family improved on his measurements His problems influenced Descartes, Hobbes,  Mariotte and Newton. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He was later corrected by Fermat.
graph: Ismail Kadare people.person.profession Writer
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graph: Sensate esperienze e certe dimostrazioni common.topic.notable_types Book
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graph: He also corresponded with the Italian physician Santorio and the Italian physicist Baliani. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one.
graph: Faenza location.location.containedby Italy
graph: The Holy Office then told its leading Roman theologian, Bellarmine,  to ask Galileo to abandon \"realist\" Copernicanism, which was declared \"false and erroneous\", and Copernicus': 'De Revolutionibus' was put on the list of prohibited books. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Galileo spent the next seven years (1616-23) in retirement at his house in Bellosguardo near Florence, in 1618-23 becoming involved in a dispute with Orazio Grassi over the nature of comets, which ended with the publication of his famous work, 'Il Saggiatore' ('The Assayer'), a brilliant piece on physical reality,  and an exposition of the new scientific method which included his famous pronouncement that the \"Book of Nature is... written in mathematical characters\".
graph: His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence An edition of his book was published by Blaeuw.
graph: Marina Gamba common.topic.notable_types Deceased Person
graph: It is not clear whether this trip precipitated the ultimate crisis, but in March 1616 a committee of consultors to the Holy Office declared that the proposition that the Sun is the immovable centre of the universe was heretical, and that the proposition of a moving Earth was theologically \"erroneous\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16td5
graph: Scientist base.descriptive_names.names.descriptive_name m.0108r_b6
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.book_editions_published Two New Sciences
graph: Italo Calvino book.author.series_written_or_contributed_to Our Ancestors
graph: Blaise Pascal base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from blaise pascal work related to christiaan huyghens
graph: A More Perfect Heaven book.written_work.author Dava Sobel
graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Parents
graph: Giambattista Benedetti people.person.gender Male
graph: William Whiston common.topic.notable_types Academic
graph: m.0ndq0hf people.marriage.spouse Italo Calvino
graph: Time zone(s) rdf-schema#domain Location
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to william gilbert wrote about nicolaus copernicus
graph: Mikołaj Kopernik jako lekarz book.written_work.author Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences During the 1640s he discovered that, because of atmospheric pressure, water will not rise above 33 feet in a suction pump, and from this developed the fundamental principles of hydromechanics.
graph: Pisa film.film_location.featured_in_films The Sucker
graph: Robert Hooke education.academic.advisors Robert Boyle
graph: He discovered that other ancient Greeks had suggested the idea of a heliocentric universe, and this seemed better seemed even though it still needed complex mathematical  calculations to predict planetary movement. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In 1514 he circulated among his  scholarly friends a summary of his ideas in a manuscript entitled \"A Commentary on the Theories of the Motions of Heavenly Objects from Their Arrangements\".
graph: Mathematician people.profession.specializations Logician
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graph: Galilée, penseur libre book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Turning to music, he discussed tonic intervals, rhythmic patterns, and musical instruments.
graph: m.04lstk1 common.webpage.topic Galileo
graph: Corsican Language language.human_language.main_country France
graph: Italo Calvino book.author.book_editions_published The path to the nest of spiders
graph: Jorge Luis Borges influence.influence_node.influenced_by Baruch Spinoza
graph: Edgar Allan Poe freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of death
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In the 1543: \"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres\", Copernicus put forward a view of the universe that provided a new basis for making the mathematical calculations needed to provide accurate information for calendar reform, to predict astronomical events like eclipses,  and to investigate the cosmos.
graph: Pisa International Airport common.topic.image Galileo Galilei Airport
graph: To consider that the Earth was not the centre of a universe was seen by Rome as questioning the god-given order of the universe and threatening man's special relationship with God. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He corrected Peuerbach's work He was influenced by Regiomontanus' work.
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graph: Aristotle had said that objects fell to \"their natural place\" ­ i.e., to the centre of the universe: Earth. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence The second change challenged Aristotle by upsetting his doctrine on gravity.
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graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1672, Huyghens learned of Newton's work on the telescope and on light.
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graph: In 1514 he was consulted on calendar reform by the Lateran Council,  but ducked the issue,  saying that the positions of the Sun and the Moon were not yet exactly known. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He was doubtful about the validity of the Ptolemy's  complex Earth-centered astronomical system (on which all investigation of the heavens was based), and decided that there must be a simpler way of doing things.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences From 1632 to February 1641, his movements are unclear, but it seems most likely that he became secretary to Monsignor Giovanni Ciampoli, Galileo's friend and protector, who, from 1632, was governor of various cities in the Marches and Umbria, including Montalto, Norcia, San Severino and Fabriano.
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to pierre de fermat corresponded with pierre gassendi
graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced john donne base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation influenced
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences If this were so, then the stars should move periodically move their positions very slightly.
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graph: He advised Christiaan Huyghens to patent his clock He was influenced by Witelo and the Council of Trent Venturi wrote about him His astronomy was followed up by  Borelli. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei advised christiaan huyghens
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Christiaan Huyghens later demonstrated that Viviani and Leibniz proposed identical solutions.
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graph: Francisco Suárez influence.influence_node.influenced René Descartes
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Tractatio de praecognitionibus et praecognitis
graph: galileo galilei work related to nicolas-claude fabri de peiresc base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc.
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graph: Discoveries and opinions of Galileo book.book.editions Discoveries and opinions of Galileo: including The starry messenger (1610), Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina (1615), and excerpts from Letters on sunspots (1613), The assayer (1623)
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graph: Aristotle had said that objects fell to \"their natural place\" ­ i.e., to the centre of the universe: Earth. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence According to Copernican theory, the Earth was not at the centre of the universe,  so a new explanation was needed.
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences It is not clear whether this trip precipitated the ultimate crisis, but in March 1616 a committee of consultors to the Holy Office declared that the proposition that the Sun is the immovable centre of the universe was heretical, and that the proposition of a moving Earth was theologically \"erroneous\".
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graph: The following year his patron succeeded in getting him the chair of mathematics at the University of Padua, where he was to remain for the next 18 years (1592-1610),  attracting pupils from all over Europe to his lectures. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time).
graph: Italian people fictional_universe.ethnicity_in_fiction.characters_of_this_ethnicity Fra Galdino
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graph: Constantijn Huygens influence.influence_node.influenced Christiaan Huygens
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graph: He advised Christiaan Huyghens to patent his clock He was influenced by Witelo and the Council of Trent Venturi wrote about him His astronomy was followed up by  Borelli. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Praised work of Gilbert.
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graph: Italian people fictional_universe.ethnicity_in_fiction.characters_of_this_ethnicity Don Abbondio
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He understood that variations in pressure affected the barometer and that it was not only the approximate height of the \"column of air\", but also the changes of state of the atmosphere, which influenced subsequent weather conditions.
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He also invented an instrument for observing the coordinates of a star.
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graph: He corrected Peuerbach's work He was influenced by Regiomontanus' work. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He was anticipated by Cusa.
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani influence.influence_node.influenced Isaac Barrow
graph: Galileo then returned to Florence and spent the next several years working on his great book, 'Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo, tolemaico e copernicano' ('Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Ptolemaic and Copernican'), which he completed in 1630 and was permitted to publish in 1632. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tff
graph: Italy fictional_universe.fictional_setting.fictional_characters_born_here Hayato Gokudera
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graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Das Aschermittwochsmahl
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graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Discourse on the Tides
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graph: Robert Louis Stevenson freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
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graph: Perhaps the most far-reaching of his achievements was his insistence that the \"Book of Nature is . . . written in mathematical characters\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Brewster wrote his biography He met Campanella.
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graph: Italy location.location.containedby Southern Europe
graph: Plato kp_lw.philosophy_influencer.influencee Damaris Cudworth Masham
graph: An edition of his book was published by Blaeuw. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: He was later corrected by Fermat. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Praised work of Gilbert.
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graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced Albertus Magnus
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from evangelista torricelli work related to pierre de fermat
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graph: Georges Perec people.person.nationality France
graph: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov influence.influence_node.influenced David Mitchell
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graph: Clinical trial law.invention.inventor Avicenna
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graph: Early Notebooks book.book.editions Galileo's early notebooks : the physical questions : a translation from the Latin, with historical and paleographical commentary
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graph: In the first few years of the decade, he published three works showing the results of his studies, 'Experiments and Considerations Touching Colors', in 1664, 'New Experiments and Observations Touching Cold' in 1665 and 'Hydrostatic Paradoxes' a year later. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Robert Boyle
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graph: Baruch Spinoza influence.influence_node.influenced_by Averroes
graph: Galileo Galilei people.person.parents Giulia di Cosimo Ammannati
graph: Galileo Galilei common.topic.notable_for g.1257k7b05
graph: The private life of Galileo common.topic.notable_for g.125d3_zzk
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graph: Chemist people.profession.specialization_of Scientist
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Back in Paris in 1653, he wrote a third version of his great work entitled 'Syntagma Philosophicum' and  in 1654 a biography of  Brahe, followed by a much briefer life of Copernicus,  and then  brief lives of Peuerbach and Regiomontanus.
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graph: Daniel Wallace influence.influence_node.influenced_by Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Avicenna served as a jurist in Jurjan, then as an administrator in Khwarazm, and then as a teacher of science in Gorgan.
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graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems book.book.editions Dialogue on the great world systems, in the Salusbury translation
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graph: In Copernicus's time, while some astronomers and philosophers even welcomed his theory as a long overdue alternative to the Ptolemaic system, others were outraged at its revolutionary implications. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In the 1543: \"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres\", Copernicus put forward a view of the universe that provided a new basis for making the mathematical calculations needed to provide accurate information for calendar reform, to predict astronomical events like eclipses,  and to investigate the cosmos.
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graph: His (administrative) canon's post back at the cathedral of Frombork, Poland gave him financial independence for life and in 1501 he paid a brief visit there  to confirm his appointment and secure formal leave of absence to continue his studies. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: He also gave a new order of the planets, in which the planets were arranged at a distance from the stationary sun in the following order: Mercury, Venus, Earth with the Moon orbiting around it, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: In particular, Galileo saw in the moons of Jupiter a miniature planetary system,  thanks to which it could no longer be argued (as critics of Copernicus did)  that all moving heavenly bodies revolved exclusively around the Earth, Within two years he had constructed approximately accurate tables of the orbits of Jupiter's moons and suggested their frequent eclipses as a means of calculating longitude. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Europa fictional_universe.fictional_setting.universe The Space Odyssey
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graph: John Locke base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to pierre gassendi influenced john locke
graph: galileo galilei influenced thomas hobbes base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence The Cassini family improved on his measurements His problems influenced Descartes, Hobbes,  Mariotte and Newton.
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graph: In his defence, Galileo wrote two letters for publication, one to his pupil Castelli and the other to the Dowager Duchess Christina (both 1615), in which he argued that neither the Bible nor nature could speak falsely and that whereas the investigation of nature was the province of the scientist, the reconciliation of scientific facts with the language of the Bible was that of the theologian. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Having now spoken out publicly and decisively for the Copernican system Galileo faced increasing attacks from church authorities because of contradictions between the Copernican theory and the Scriptures, and in 1614 he was reported to the Inquisition.
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1591 on his father's death he resigned from  Pisa and returned to Florence.
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graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written The heroic enthusiasts
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus book.book_subject.works A More Perfect Heaven
graph: Baruch Spinoza influence.influence_node.influenced_by Francis Bacon
graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī common.topic.notable_types Astronomer
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graph: 697 Galilea astronomy.star_system_body.star_system Solar System
graph: The Little Balance book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems book.written_work.subjects History of science
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The king's minister Colbert wrote to Viviani in 1664 enclosing a letter of credit and suggesting that if Viviani associated any of his further achievements with the name of the French king, then \"it will be a certain means of obliging him to continue the payments in the future\".
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graph: In Pisa, Galileo began a controversial campaign to discredit accepted Aristotelian physics. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He also composed an untitled treatise on motion, now generally referred to as 'De motu', which disproved the Aristotelian theory that bodies of different weights fall at different speeds, and instead developed a theory of falling bodies derived from the buoyancy principle of Archimedes, an idea previously published by Benedetti .
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He wrote a summary of his \"Book of Healing\", called \"Kitab an-najat (Book of Salvation\").
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graph: Grand Duchy of Tuscany common.topic.notable_for g.125b6jb4_
graph: Isaac Newton base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from isaac newton criticized by christiaan huyghens
graph: Plotinus influence.influence_node.influenced Al-Kindi
graph: Edgar Allan Poe people.person.nationality United States of America
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He corresponded with the Cassini family, Fermat, He met Hobbes, Huyghens, Theveneot.
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1640 he wrote a treatise on projectile motion and the mechanics of Galileo.
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graph: Laurence Sterne common.topic.notable_types Author
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graph: galileo galilei work related to john milton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc.
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graph: The 'Letters' also confirmed Galileo's earlier criticism of Aristotelian cosmology, as he maintained that the movement of the spots across the face of the Sun proved that Copernicus' system was correct,  and also that the Sun rotated. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Having now spoken out publicly and decisively for the Copernican system Galileo faced increasing attacks from church authorities because of contradictions between the Copernican theory and the Scriptures, and in 1614 he was reported to the Inquisition.
graph: In 1533 Pope Clement VII gave his approval and in 1540 Copernicus reluctantly allowed Rheticus, one of his pupils, to take the manuscript to be printed at Nurnberg in Germany. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Evangelista Torricelli people.person.parents Gaspare Torricelli
graph: The Holy Office then told its leading Roman theologian, Bellarmine,  to ask Galileo to abandon \"realist\" Copernicanism, which was declared \"false and erroneous\", and Copernicus': 'De Revolutionibus' was put on the list of prohibited books. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence It is not clear whether this trip precipitated the ultimate crisis, but in March 1616 a committee of consultors to the Holy Office declared that the proposition that the Sun is the immovable centre of the universe was heretical, and that the proposition of a moving Earth was theologically \"erroneous\".
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus book.author.works_written Monetae cudendae ratio
graph: Johannes Kepler influence.influence_node.influenced Isaac Newton
graph: Vincenzo Viviani people.person.profession Physicist
graph: The following year his patron succeeded in getting him the chair of mathematics at the University of Padua, where he was to remain for the next 18 years (1592-1610),  attracting pupils from all over Europe to his lectures. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t7m
graph: Giambattista Benedetti common.topic.notable_types Deceased Person
graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations The ideal place for me is the one in which it is most natural to live as a foreigner.
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graph: Aristotle freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Country of nationality
graph: Physicist common.topic.image Albert Einstein 1947
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Epicurus proposed Atomism, the doctrine of \"atoms and the void\" derived directly from that of Democritus, and involving a largely mechanical concept of causality.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to claudius ptolemy theory superseded by nicolaus copernicus
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graph: When Protestant reformers including Luther and Melanchthon opposed publication, Rheticus took the manuscript to Leipzig where the Humanist scholar Osiander oversaw publication. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus work opposed by martin luther
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graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī influence.influence_node.influenced Avicenna
graph: Galileo Galilei influence.influence_node.influenced Thomas Hobbes
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He was doubtful about the validity of the Ptolemy's  complex Earth-centered astronomical system (on which all investigation of the heavens was based), and decided that there must be a simpler way of doing things.
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graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced Ismail Kadare
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graph: Galileo common.topic.image Galileo spacecraft
graph: To consider that the Earth was not the centre of a universe was seen by Rome as questioning the god-given order of the universe and threatening man's special relationship with God. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence If the earth were just one more planet then it was open to scientific investigation, which conservatives considered an affront to divine authority.
graph: Damaris Cudworth Masham kp_lw.philosopher.influenced_by Pierre Gassendi
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to vincenzo viviani assistant to evangelista torricelli
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from christiaan huyghens met gilles personne de roberval
graph: He then spent over three years studying law and medicine at Padua University and obtained a doctorate in Canon Law from Ferrara in 1503. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In 1512 he returned to Frombork and began a systematic study of the movements of planets.
graph: Robert Boyle influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ibn Tufail
graph: Damaris Cudworth Masham kp_lw.philosopher.influenced_by Thomas Hobbes
graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced johannes kepler base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence Scientific circles were more receptive to Copernican theory and at the beginning of the seventeenth century the Ptolemaic theory was first formally abandoned by Kepler.
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graph: Jonathan Lethem influence.influence_node.influenced_by Italo Calvino
graph: galileo galilei work related to al-battani base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Al-Battani
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1512 he returned to Frombork and began a systematic study of the movements of planets.
graph: Italo Calvino people.person.sibling_s m.0ndp___
graph: Grote of Sint-Jacobskerk location.location.containedby Netherlands
graph: Isaac Newton freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Siblings
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The following year, Gassendi died from a pulmonary infection, at the Paris home of Habert de Montmort.
graph: Mohsin Hamid people.person.profession Novelist
graph: Giordano Bruno influence.influence_node.influenced Molière
graph: Johannes Kepler people.person.profession Astronomer
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to isaac beeckman co-discoverer with evangelista torricelli
graph: Johannes Kepler base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from johannes kepler work related to giordano bruno
graph: His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus influenced tycho brahe
graph: Ibn al-Nafis influence.influence_node.influenced_by Muhammad in Islam
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graph: Florence base.biblioness.bibs_location.country Italy
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus influence.influence_node.influenced Royden Rabinowitch
graph: Edgar Allan Poe freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Height
graph: Albert Brudzewski education.academic.advisees Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written La prosa
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus influence.influence_node.influenced Isaac Newton
graph: Writer people.profession.specializations Novelist
graph: Italian people common.topic.notable_for g.125gvbtq7
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He also gave the first description of a barometer, or \"Torricellian tube\", greatly improved both telescopes and microscopes, and made several mathematical discoveries.
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced_by Muhammad in Islam
graph: John Locke base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from john locke studied pierre gassendi
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graph: Italian people fictional_universe.ethnicity_in_fiction.characters_of_this_ethnicity Giotto
graph: Solar System book.book_subject.works On the revolutions
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graph: Arthur Schopenhauer influence.influence_node.influenced Franz Kafka
graph: Albertus Magnus people.person.gender Male
graph: Dialogue concerning the two chief world systems, Ptolemaic and Copernican book.book_edition.isbn 9780375757662
graph: Ambrose Bierce freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Country of nationality
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graph: Sun astronomy.star.planet_s Jupiter
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graph: Once he was totally blind (1638), Galileo was permitted to have his two friends, the geometrician Viviani and Torricelli, to live with him, to whom he was dictating his latest ideas on the theory of impact when he was seized with the slow fever that resulted in his death. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind.
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graph: Al-Farabi common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Ernest Hemingway people.person.profession Novelist
graph: Edmond Halley people.person.nationality United Kingdom
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1500 Copernicus visited Rome,  where he taught mathematics privately and made observations on a lunar eclipse which he used later for his lunar theory.
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graph: Maimonides influence.influence_node.influenced Baruch Spinoza
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graph: He was influenced by the work of Al Battani. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Pope  Alexander VI gave him professorship His system was opposed by Bellarmine.
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences After the death of his father in 1005, he became a wanderer, going from town to town,  acting as a doctor by day and leading philosophical and scientific discussions by night.
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graph: In the 1543: \"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres\", Copernicus put forward a view of the universe that provided a new basis for making the mathematical calculations needed to provide accurate information for calendar reform, to predict astronomical events like eclipses,  and to investigate the cosmos. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences While in Paris, Bruno published three works on mnemonics and a play, \"The Torch Bearer\",  which portrayed contemporary society in Naples and the corruption that existed in universities and monasteries.
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graph: Brewster wrote his biography He met Campanella. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He also composed one of the earliest discussions of extraterrestrial life, published in 1698, after his death, as the \"Cosmotheoros\".
graph: Two New Sciences book.book_edition.isbn 9780921332213
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Torricelli described the results in a letter dated 11th June 1644, to Ricci, emphasizing how, as some of the mercury did not flow out, the result, he explained, of atmospheric pressure, the space above the mercury in the tube must be a vacuum.
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graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced Baruch Spinoza
graph: Christiaan Huygens people.person.profession Physicist
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences At the age of sixteen he began to study mathematics and soon came to the attention of the ruler of Florence, Duke Ferdinand II , who was a patron of the arts and scholarship.
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graph: He advised Christiaan Huyghens to patent his clock He was influenced by Witelo and the Council of Trent Venturi wrote about him His astronomy was followed up by  Borelli. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence architecture.structure.architectural_style Renaissance architecture
graph: Baruch Spinoza influence.influence_node.influenced_by Avicenna
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences From 1660, he devoted considerable time to studying the application of the clock to the longitude problem.
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graph: Giovanni Pico della Mirandola influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plato
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graph: He then spent over three years studying law and medicine at Padua University and obtained a doctorate in Canon Law from Ferrara in 1503. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written The achievement of Galileo
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graph: Siena base.biblioness.bibs_location.country Italy
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graph: The 'Letters' also confirmed Galileo's earlier criticism of Aristotelian cosmology, as he maintained that the movement of the spots across the face of the Sun proved that Copernicus' system was correct,  and also that the Sun rotated. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence While working on this, he was sent a short treatise on sunspots by the Jesuit Scheiner whose ideas - in particular the idea that the spots were tiny planets - Galileo demolished in three long letters, published in 1613 as 'Letters on Sunspots'.
graph: Physicist fictional_universe.character_occupation.characters_with_this_occupation Emmett Brown
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graph: United Kingdom location.country.official_language English Language
graph: Craig Clevenger common.topic.notable_types Author
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graph: No action was taken, but Galileo was alarmed enough by the news from Rome to decide in December 1615 to present his views there himself. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In his defence, Galileo wrote two letters for publication, one to his pupil Castelli and the other to the Dowager Duchess Christina (both 1615), in which he argued that neither the Bible nor nature could speak falsely and that whereas the investigation of nature was the province of the scientist, the reconciliation of scientific facts with the language of the Bible was that of the theologian.
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graph: Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love book.book.editions LA Hija De Galileo
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graph: Location of ceremony rdf-schema#range Location
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He became even more convinced when he read the works of  della Mirandola.
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graph: Samuel Beckett influence.influence_node.influenced_by James Joyce
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced Duns Scotus
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The Copernican system offered scientists a less clumsy method than that of Ptolemy for calculating planetary movement but it did mean they had to make two major changes in their mind-set.
graph: Plotinus influence.influence_node.influenced Avicenna
graph: Vincenzo Gamba common.topic.notable_types Deceased Person
graph: Io base.skosbase.vocabulary_equivalent_topic.equivalent_concept Io (Satellite)
graph: Academic freebase.type_profile.strict_included_types Physically Instantiable
graph: m.03bt0q_ people.place_lived.person Arthur van Hoff
graph: Edgar Allan Poe freebase.valuenotation.has_no_value Children
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graph: Sensate esperienze e certe dimostrazioni book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: claudius ptolemy theory superseded by nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Ptolemy
graph: m.0xnw7wk people.place_lived.person Evangelista Torricelli
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences It was called the \"Florentine enigma\" and caused great interest .
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to johannes kepler work related to giordano bruno
graph: He advised Christiaan Huyghens to patent his clock He was influenced by Witelo and the Council of Trent Venturi wrote about him His astronomy was followed up by  Borelli. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei work followed up by giovanni alfonso borelli
graph: Pierre Gassendi influence.influence_node.influenced Thomas Hobbes
graph: Galilean transformation common.topic.image Standard conf
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graph: Giordano Bruno symbols.name_source.namesakes Giordano Bruno
graph: The sharp-eyed lynx, outfoxed by nature, part 1 book.written_work.author Stephen Jay Gould
graph: Mário Ferreira dos Santos kp_lw.philosopher.influenced_by Francisco Suárez
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to robert boyle work related to pierre gassendi
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graph: Ptolemy influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: Robert Louis Stevenson influence.influence_node.influenced Jorge Luis Borges
graph: Arcetri common.topic.notable_types Location
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graph: Physician freebase.type_hints.included_types Topic
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graph: Ibn Khaldun influence.influence_node.influenced_by Al-Farabi
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graph: Gore Vidal freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
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graph: Two New Sciences book.book_edition.binding Paperback
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to william gilbert wrote about giordano bruno
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus people.person.profession Artist
graph: Stephen Hawking freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
graph: Galileo then returned to Florence and spent the next several years working on his great book, 'Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo, tolemaico e copernicano' ('Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Ptolemaic and Copernican'), which he completed in 1630 and was permitted to publish in 1632. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Inevitably, after a comparison of these two systems, Galileo came down heavily on the side of Copernicanism, and Urban VIII, feeling he had been tricked, summoned the old scientist to Rome in February 1633.
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plotinus
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The Roman Inquisition demanded Bruno's extradition and in January, 1593, he was sent to Rome and imprisoned.
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from nicolaus copernicus influenced john donne
graph: Paris base.locations.cities_and_towns.country France
graph: This was in order to reduce the dangerous hostility to any ideas that contradicted Aristotle who had claimed that the Earth was the fixed central point in the universe. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus contradicted aristotle
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from galileo galilei work related to pietro da cortona
graph: nicolaus copernicus triggered gravity work by isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence This eventually led to Newton's laws of gravity.
graph: Mathematician fictional_universe.character_occupation.characters_with_this_occupation Nathan Stark
graph: Ptolemy influence.influence_node.influenced Al-Farabi
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli symbols.name_source.namesakes 7437 Torricelli
graph: galileo galilei met tommaso campanella base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence Brewster wrote his biography He met Campanella.
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graph: Over the next few months he continued to work on the telescope, and by the end of 1609 he had improved it to a power of thirty-two, the practicable limit for a refracting telescope of this type, in which a convex (converging) objective lens and a concave (diverging) lens in the eyepiece together produce a magnified, upright image. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Late in August, Galileo arrived back in Venice with a nine-power telescope, three times as effective as those from Holland.
graph: Baruch Spinoza influence.influence_node.influenced_by Epicurus
graph: Plato freebase.valuenotation.has_value Date of birth
graph: His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei work related to william of ockham
graph: Ernest Hemingway influence.influence_node.influenced_by Robert Louis Stevenson
graph: Sidereus Nuncius common.topic.notable_for g.125f2tfcb
graph: Michelangelo freebase.valuenotation.has_no_value Children
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graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced johannes kepler base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Polimnia
graph: A mensagem das estrélas common.topic.notable_for g.125cqrszj
graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced Edward Gibbon
graph: It is not clear whether this trip precipitated the ultimate crisis, but in March 1616 a committee of consultors to the Holy Office declared that the proposition that the Sun is the immovable centre of the universe was heretical, and that the proposition of a moving Earth was theologically \"erroneous\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Leaning Tower of Pisa common.topic.image Leaning Tower of Pisa
graph: Galileo Galilei symbols.name_source.namesakes Galileo
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Los Heroicos Furores
graph: In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei copied telescope by hans lippershey
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences But he found resistance at every turn and was excommunicated by the Lutheran church.
graph: Aristotle common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov influence.influence_node.influenced Mohsin Hamid
graph: Robert Louis Stevenson freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Country of nationality
graph: Stephen Jay Gould people.person.gender Male
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from pierre gassendi wrote biography of georg von peuerbach
graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence common.topic.article m.0345n0
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graph: Muhammad in Islam freebase.valuenotation.has_value Height
graph: Baruch Spinoza people.person.religion Atheism
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graph: Duns Scotus kp_lw.philosophy_influencer.influencee Mário Ferreira dos Santos
graph: He was anticipated by Cusa. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Author freebase.type_hints.included_types Topic
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graph: Galileo Galilei symbols.name_source.namesakes Galileo thermometer
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to william hyde wollaston work related to christiaan huyghens
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graph: Late in August, Galileo arrived back in Venice with a nine-power telescope, three times as effective as those from Holland. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Over the next few months he continued to work on the telescope, and by the end of 1609 he had improved it to a power of thirty-two, the practicable limit for a refracting telescope of this type, in which a convex (converging) objective lens and a concave (diverging) lens in the eyepiece together produce a magnified, upright image.
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graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced joseph justus scaliger base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin.
graph: Pisa travel.travel_destination.tourist_attractions Santa Chiara
graph: Ernest Hemingway people.person.religion Catholicism
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graph: galileo galilei work related to marin mersenne base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Marin Mersenne
graph: Georges Perec common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Francis Bacon influence.influence_node.influenced Thomas Hobbes
graph: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov influence.influence_node.influenced_by Edgar Allan Poe
graph: Avicenna law.inventor.inventions Clinical trial
graph: Albertus Magnus influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: The 'Letters' also confirmed Galileo's earlier criticism of Aristotelian cosmology, as he maintained that the movement of the spots across the face of the Sun proved that Copernicus' system was correct,  and also that the Sun rotated. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: His biography was written by Gassendi. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: John Updike freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
graph: galileo galilei anticipated by giambattista benedetti base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Giambattista Benedetti
graph: Amanda Filipacchi influence.influence_node.influenced_by Italo Calvino
graph: Dutch people people.ethnicity.included_in_group Europeans
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from pierre gassendi wrote biography of tycho brahe
graph: David Hume influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ibn Tufail
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graph: David Hume people.person.profession Economist
graph: Big Deal on Madonna Street film.film.language Italian Language
graph: m.075vj91 people.place_lived.location Paris
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graph: On the Shoulders of Giants common.topic.notable_for g.125bwrjdm
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graph: From April to June 1633 Galileo was tried before the Holy Office and was found \"vehemently suspect of heresy\", forced to abjure Copernicanism publicly, and sentenced to imprisonment. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind.
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Potolemaic & Copernican book.book_edition.author_editor Galileo Galilei
graph: Italy location.country.first_level_divisions Tuscany
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graph: Christiaan Huygens education.academic.research_areas Horology
graph: William of Ockham influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Viviani himself demonstrated the solution and during a visit to in 1689 Leibniz met Viviani and solved the problem.
graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced Dante Alighieri
graph: Date of birth rdf-schema#domain Person
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced Baruch Spinoza
graph: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi influence.influence_node.influenced Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Again in Paris, in 1664, he was approached by Thevenot with an offer of membership in an academy to be founded in Paris, with financial aid from the French First Minister, Colbert.
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graph: Vincenzo Gamba freebase.valuenotation.has_value Place of death
graph: Thomas Aquinas people.person.gender Male
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graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei inspired gasparo berti
graph: History education.field_of_study.academics_in_this_field Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī
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graph: He also corresponded with the Italian physician Santorio and the Italian physicist Baliani. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence During his time in Padua, he took a Venetian mistress, Marina Gamba, by whom between 1600 and 1606 he had two daughters and a son.
graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tgy
graph: Thomas Aquinas influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plato
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graph: The Assayer common.topic.image Assayertitle
graph: Mohsin Hamid influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ernest Hemingway
graph: Over the next twenty years Copernicus developed his ideas, backing them up with mathematical calculations and diagrams. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In 1514 he circulated among his  scholarly friends a summary of his ideas in a manuscript entitled \"A Commentary on the Theories of the Motions of Heavenly Objects from Their Arrangements\".
graph: Edmond Halley influence.influence_node.influenced_by Johannes Kepler
graph: Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz influence.influence_node.influenced_by Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
graph: Orhan Pamuk influence.influence_node.influenced_by John Updike
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graph: On motion, and On mechanics book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: m.043zdmk award.award_nomination.award_nominee Italo Calvino
graph: Germans people.ethnicity.included_in_group Europeans
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graph: Over the next few months he continued to work on the telescope, and by the end of 1609 he had improved it to a power of thirty-two, the practicable limit for a refracting telescope of this type, in which a convex (converging) objective lens and a concave (diverging) lens in the eyepiece together produce a magnified, upright image. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Damaris Cudworth Masham kp_lw.philosopher.influenced_by Baruch Spinoza
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graph: m.04d4d2x people.place_lived.person Galileo Galilei
graph: Gal common.topic.notable_for g.1254xtqws
graph: Nov-antiqua sanctissimorum patrum common.topic.notable_for g.1259dkh48
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graph: Ptolemy freebase.valuenotation.has_value Date of birth
graph: In England this was interpreted as an infinite universe with stars scattered throughout space. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence This meant that the universe was much bigger than had been supposed.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1514 he was consulted on calendar reform by the Lateran Council,  but ducked the issue,  saying that the positions of the Sun and the Moon were not yet exactly known.
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graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems-Ptolemaic and Copernican common.topic.notable_for g.12590cqbn
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences His work related to that of Beeckmann.
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graph: Isaac Newton base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from isaac newton studied aristotle
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He returned to London, where he met Sidney and Fulke Greville.
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graph: Sidereus Nuncius common.topic.notable_for g.1254xttp4
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences By the time he was 10, Avicenna had memorized the Koran and much Arabic poetry.
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graph: Nicholas of Cusa influence.influence_node.influenced_by Albertus Magnus
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graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced_by Franz Kafka
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graph: He recorded his observations,  and as they were circulated so his fame as an astronomer grew. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t7y
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graph: David Mitchell people.person.profession Writer
graph: galileo galilei work related to john milton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation work related to
graph: Eugenio Barsanti people.person.nationality Italy
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graph: isaac newton work related to nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Gore Vidal common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In early 1641, Torricelli went back to Rome with a draft of his treatise on mechanics entitled 'Trattato del Moto' ('Treatise Concerning Movement'), which discussed and amplified Galileo's doctrine on the motion of projectiles.
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In the same year, he visited Paris, where he met Mersenne and the Dupuy brothers and, a year later, wrote to Galileo to demonstrate his support for Copernican ideas.
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graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems-Ptolemaic and Copernican book.book_edition.isbn 9780520041042
graph: In his defence, Galileo wrote two letters for publication, one to his pupil Castelli and the other to the Dowager Duchess Christina (both 1615), in which he argued that neither the Bible nor nature could speak falsely and that whereas the investigation of nature was the province of the scientist, the reconciliation of scientific facts with the language of the Bible was that of the theologian. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence No action was taken, but Galileo was alarmed enough by the news from Rome to decide in December 1615 to present his views there himself.
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus Sr. people.person.children Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1666, he became one of the founding members of the French Academy of Sciences and lived mainly in Paris for the next 15 years.
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He was also offered the post of chief astronomer in Paris, and the same position in Poland, both of which he declined.
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graph: Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies location.location.containedby Italy
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Huyghens' major achievement in Paris was his publication in 1673  in which he described the theory of pendulum motion.
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graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ibn Tufail
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from avicenna studied by siger of brabant
graph: galileo galilei work related to niccolo fontana tartaglia base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc.
graph: Pope  Alexander VI gave him professorship His system was opposed by Bellarmine. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus opposed by robert bellarmine
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graph: nicolaus copernicus opposed by robert bellarmine base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Jorge Luis Borges influence.influence_node.influenced Orhan Pamuk
graph: He recorded his observations,  and as they were circulated so his fame as an astronomer grew. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In 1512 he returned to Frombork and began a systematic study of the movements of planets.
graph: Arthur Schopenhauer freebase.type_hints.included_types Person
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences But the conservative Aristotelian establishment was hostile to his presentation of Copernicus's new theory of the Earth moving around a stationary Sun, and they made it clear he was no longer welcome.
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graph: Inevitably, after a comparison of these two systems, Galileo came down heavily on the side of Copernicanism, and Urban VIII, feeling he had been tricked, summoned the old scientist to Rome in February 1633. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tfy
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graph: Mário Ferreira dos Santos kp_lw.philosopher.influenced_by Baruch Spinoza
graph: Princess Louise of Stolberg-Gedern people.person.gender Female
graph: Aristotle influence.influence_node.influenced_by Hippocrates
graph: It is not clear whether this trip precipitated the ultimate crisis, but in March 1616 a committee of consultors to the Holy Office declared that the proposition that the Sun is the immovable centre of the universe was heretical, and that the proposition of a moving Earth was theologically \"erroneous\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence The Holy Office then told its leading Roman theologian, Bellarmine,  to ask Galileo to abandon \"realist\" Copernicanism, which was declared \"false and erroneous\", and Copernicus': 'De Revolutionibus' was put on the list of prohibited books.
graph: Tycho Brahe freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of death
graph: johannes regiomontanus influenced nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation influenced
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus people.person.languages Greek Language
graph: Italian people people.ethnicity.included_in_group Europeans
graph: m.0w5mrzm education.education.institution Galileo Academy of Science and Technology
graph: Ibn Tufail influence.influence_node.influenced_by Al-Farabi
graph: In 1624 Galileo returned to Rome, to visit the new pope, Urban VIII, who had been a longtime friend (and to whom he had dedicated 'Il Saggiatore') and got permission to write about \"the systems of the world\", both of Ptolemy and Copernicus, as long as he discussed them noncommittally and came to the conclusion dictated to him in advance by the pope - i.e. that humans cannot presume to know how the world is really made,  because God could have brought about the same observable effects in ways unimagined by them. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Galileo spent the next seven years (1616-23) in retirement at his house in Bellosguardo near Florence, in 1618-23 becoming involved in a dispute with Orazio Grassi over the nature of comets, which ended with the publication of his famous work, 'Il Saggiatore' ('The Assayer'), a brilliant piece on physical reality,  and an exposition of the new scientific method which included his famous pronouncement that the \"Book of Nature is... written in mathematical characters\".
graph: Christiaan Huygens symbols.name_source.namesakes Cassini–Huygens
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graph: nicolaus copernicus work opposed by philipp melanchthon base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence When Protestant reformers including Luther and Melanchthon opposed publication, Rheticus took the manuscript to Leipzig where the Humanist scholar Osiander oversaw publication.
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graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Dal carteggio e dai documenti
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written The private life of Galileo
graph: Province of Pisa base.aareas.schema.administrative_area.administrative_parent Tuscany
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences On his return to Holland, he wrote \"De Ratiociniis in Ludo Aleae\" (1657), on the calculus of probabilities, the first printed work on the subject.
graph: Ismail Kadare people.person.profession Novelist
graph: Arthur van Hoff book.author.works_written Hooked on Java
graph: Arthur van Hoff people.person.employment_history m.02_7cn8
graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced Giordano Bruno
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graph: m.02zd7gk education.education.institution Galileo Academy of Science and Technology
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graph: Edmond Halley influence.influence_node.influenced_by Isaac Newton
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graph: Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi common.topic.notable_types Deceased Person
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graph: Galileo spent the next seven years (1616-23) in retirement at his house in Bellosguardo near Florence, in 1618-23 becoming involved in a dispute with Orazio Grassi over the nature of comets, which ended with the publication of his famous work, 'Il Saggiatore' ('The Assayer'), a brilliant piece on physical reality,  and an exposition of the new scientific method which included his famous pronouncement that the \"Book of Nature is... written in mathematical characters\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In 1624 Galileo returned to Rome, to visit the new pope, Urban VIII, who had been a longtime friend (and to whom he had dedicated 'Il Saggiatore') and got permission to write about \"the systems of the world\", both of Ptolemy and Copernicus, as long as he discussed them noncommittally and came to the conclusion dictated to him in advance by the pope - i.e. that humans cannot presume to know how the world is really made,  because God could have brought about the same observable effects in ways unimagined by them.
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graph: Thomas Aquinas people.person.profession Writer
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graph: In Copernicus's time, while some astronomers and philosophers even welcomed his theory as a long overdue alternative to the Ptolemaic system, others were outraged at its revolutionary implications. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: galileo galilei work related to jean buridan base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc.
graph: Edward Gibbon influence.influence_node.influenced_by Pierre Gassendi
graph: In his defence, Galileo wrote two letters for publication, one to his pupil Castelli and the other to the Dowager Duchess Christina (both 1615), in which he argued that neither the Bible nor nature could speak falsely and that whereas the investigation of nature was the province of the scientist, the reconciliation of scientific facts with the language of the Bible was that of the theologian. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Galileo Galilei common.topic.notable_types Fictional Character
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Opere di Giordano Bruno Nolano
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graph: Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz common.topic.notable_types Academic
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences This result was verified by Blaise Pascal, with the help of  Perier, in 1647.
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graph: In 1533 Pope Clement VII gave his approval and in 1540 Copernicus reluctantly allowed Rheticus, one of his pupils, to take the manuscript to be printed at Nurnberg in Germany. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence When Protestant reformers including Luther and Melanchthon opposed publication, Rheticus took the manuscript to Leipzig where the Humanist scholar Osiander oversaw publication.
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graph: He corrected Peuerbach's work He was influenced by Regiomontanus' work. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence His tables were reworked by Reinhold.
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graph: Adventures by Disney - Italy and Amalfi Coast Vacation travel.tour_operator.travel_destinations Tuscany
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graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced Amanda Filipacchi
graph: Ernest Hemingway people.person.profession Journalist
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graph: Al-Farabi influence.influence_node.influenced Avicenna
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graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Guarinus of Palestrina
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The following year, he distinguished the stellar components of the Orion nebula.
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graph: Galilaei common.topic.notable_for g.125d05s7g
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Gassendi first wrote of his studies on Epicurean Atomism in a letter to his patron and friend, Peiresc, in 1626, but two years later, his own manuscripts on the philosophy of Epicurus began to appear.
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graph: Les Méchaniques de Galilée .. book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
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graph: This eventually led to Newton's laws of gravity. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Copernicus died in the same year his theories were published and is believed to have received a copy of \"De Revolutionibus orbium coelestium\" on the last day of his life.
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graph: Edgar Allan Poe freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Children
graph: The earth was not fixed: it rotated daily round its own axis and made an annual revolution around the sun. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He also gave a new order of the planets, in which the planets were arranged at a distance from the stationary sun in the following order: Mercury, Venus, Earth with the Moon orbiting around it, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli symbols.name_source.namesakes Torr
graph: Lucretius people.person.profession Writer
graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence The following year his patron succeeded in getting him the chair of mathematics at the University of Padua, where he was to remain for the next 18 years (1592-1610),  attracting pupils from all over Europe to his lectures.
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graph: Scritti di critica letteraria common.topic.notable_for g.1256cp7cv
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He also corresponded with the Italian physician Santorio and the Italian physicist Baliani.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences An edition of his book was published by Blaeuw.
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graph: Basilica architecture.building_function.buildings Basilica di San Lorenzo, Firenze
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graph: Samuel Beckett influence.influence_node.influenced_by René Descartes
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus Monument, Warsaw symbols.namesake.named_after Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus book.author.works_written Das neue Weltbild
graph: m.0q29600 people.sibling_relationship.sibling Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Muhammad in Islam influence.influence_node.influenced Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī
graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Saltarello
graph: nicolaus copernicus biography written by pierre gassendi base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His biography was written by Gassendi.
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Pope  Alexander VI gave him professorship His system was opposed by Bellarmine.
graph: During his time in Padua, he took a Venetian mistress, Marina Gamba, by whom between 1600 and 1606 he had two daughters and a son. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Voltaire influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plato
graph: John Barth common.topic.notable_types Author
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He also gave a new order of the planets, in which the planets were arranged at a distance from the stationary sun in the following order: Mercury, Venus, Earth with the Moon orbiting around it, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
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graph: Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa education.educational_institution.campuses Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
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graph: Ganymede fictional_universe.fictional_setting.universe The Space Odyssey
graph: Nicholas of Cusa influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plato
graph: galileo galilei anticipated by giambattista benedetti base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence He also composed an untitled treatise on motion, now generally referred to as 'De motu', which disproved the Aristotelian theory that bodies of different weights fall at different speeds, and instead developed a theory of falling bodies derived from the buoyancy principle of Archimedes, an idea previously published by Benedetti .
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The problem was that they had been seen not to do so at all.
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graph: When Protestant reformers including Luther and Melanchthon opposed publication, Rheticus took the manuscript to Leipzig where the Humanist scholar Osiander oversaw publication. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus manuscript altered by andreas osiander
graph: william gilbert wrote about nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: christiaan huyghens work related to isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation work related to
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graph: Weight rdf-schema#range Floating Point Number
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graph: David Hume people.person.religion Atheism
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graph: Galileo common.topic.notable_types Satellite
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences His work still influences Islamic thought.
graph: In 1533 Pope Clement VII gave his approval and in 1540 Copernicus reluctantly allowed Rheticus, one of his pupils, to take the manuscript to be printed at Nurnberg in Germany. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence Over the next twenty years Copernicus developed his ideas, backing them up with mathematical calculations and diagrams.
graph: Jonathan Safran Foer influence.influence_node.influenced_by Franz Kafka
graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Girolamo Segato
graph: He also composed an untitled treatise on motion, now generally referred to as 'De motu', which disproved the Aristotelian theory that bodies of different weights fall at different speeds, and instead developed a theory of falling bodies derived from the buoyancy principle of Archimedes, an idea previously published by Benedetti . base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei anticipated by giambattista benedetti
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written del Infinito - El Universo y Los Mundos
graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Raffaello Sanzio Morghen
graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced John Locke
graph: Copernicus revolutionized astronomy and his theory had a profound effect on philosophical and religious thought. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced_by Wasil ibn Ata
graph: On his return, Galileo turned again to physics, and published a book on the behaviour of bodies placed in water: 'Discourses on Things that Float' (1612). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tbh
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graph: Arthur van Hoff people.person.employment_history m.02_7c2y
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graph: Eugenio Barsanti people.deceased_person.place_of_burial Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence
graph: Ibn Tufail people.person.religion Islam
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to andreas osiander editor to nicolaus copernicus
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graph: Franz Kafka influence.influence_node.influenced_by Edgar Allan Poe
graph: Nicole Oresme common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems book.book.genre Science
graph: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov influence.influence_node.influenced_by Franz Kafka
graph: m.02_7c2y business.employment_tenure.person Arthur van Hoff
graph: John Locke influence.influence_node.influenced Laurence Sterne
graph: Arthur Schopenhauer influence.influence_node.influenced_by Giordano Bruno
graph: Province of Pisa location.location.containedby Italy
graph: His work related to that of  Oresme, Buridan William of Ockham, Al Battani, Cortona,  Tartaglia, Roberval, Boyle,  Milton,   Mersenne, Gassendi, and Peiresc. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei work related to niccolo fontana tartaglia
graph: In 1591 on his father's death he resigned from  Pisa and returned to Florence. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Giordano Bruno people.person.gender Male
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Delle mecchaniche
graph: The first arose from the concept of the Earth orbiting round the Sun. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Stephen Hawking freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Parents
graph: Parola di Galileo common.topic.notable_for g.125856cfp
graph: Avicenna people.person.profession Philosopher
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to thomas hobbes knew work of pierre gassendi
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graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Gasparo Martellini
graph: The earth was not fixed: it rotated daily round its own axis and made an annual revolution around the sun. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Christiaan Huygens people.person.profession Mathematician
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graph: Fictional Character freebase.type_profile.strict_included_types Topic
graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī influence.influence_node.influenced_by Al-Battani
graph: The Cassini family improved on his measurements His problems influenced Descartes, Hobbes,  Mariotte and Newton. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei influenced thomas hobbes
graph: Evangelista Torricelli common.topic.article m.01dwlx
graph: Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love book.book.editions Galileo's Daughter a Drama of Science, Faith and Love
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graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced Dante Alighieri
graph: Mathematician people.profession.specializations informatica
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graph: Gal common.topic.notable_types Unit of Acceleration
graph: Ptolemy people.person.gender Male
graph: Nola location.location.time_zones Central European Time Zone
graph: Orhan Pamuk influence.influence_node.influenced_by Umberto Eco
graph: Galileo Galilei freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Country of nationality
graph: Don Hopkins influence.influence_node.influenced_by James Gosling
graph: He also corresponded with the Italian physician Santorio and the Italian physicist Baliani. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Le opere di Galileo Galilei book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Paris location.location.containedby France
graph: m.07nfb8r base.ontologies.ontology_instance_mapping.ontology OpenCyc
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graph: Galileo's letter about the libration of the moon common.topic.notable_for g.125fqhvpc
graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced Christiaan Huygens
graph: Johannes Kepler influence.influence_node.influenced Pierre Gassendi
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graph: Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies location.location.containedby Pisa
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from nicolaus copernicus corrected georg von peuerbach
graph: France location.location.time_zones Central European Time Zone
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graph: Ibn Tufail influence.influence_node.influenced Robert Boyle
graph: Heliocentrism base.argumentmaps.original_idea.first_appears_in_work De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
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graph: Avicenna freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of death
graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plato
graph: Benedetto da Maiano people.deceased_person.place_of_death Florence
graph: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Potolemaic & Copernican common.topic.notable_types Book Edition
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graph: The Assayer book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Ganymede astronomy.celestial_object.locations Nergal
graph: Hossein Nasr people.person.profession Philosopher
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graph: Dante Alighieri people.person.nationality Italy
graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t8h
graph: In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence He also corresponded with the Italian physician Santorio and the Italian physicist Baliani.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences This eventually led to Newton's laws of gravity.
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graph: Arcetri common.topic.article m.057bqg
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graph: Craig Clevenger influence.influence_node.influenced_by Italo Calvino
graph: In 1624 Galileo returned to Rome, to visit the new pope, Urban VIII, who had been a longtime friend (and to whom he had dedicated 'Il Saggiatore') and got permission to write about \"the systems of the world\", both of Ptolemy and Copernicus, as long as he discussed them noncommittally and came to the conclusion dictated to him in advance by the pope - i.e. that humans cannot presume to know how the world is really made,  because God could have brought about the same observable effects in ways unimagined by them. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tf3
graph: Amanda Filipacchi people.person.nationality France
graph: In 1624 Galileo returned to Rome, to visit the new pope, Urban VIII, who had been a longtime friend (and to whom he had dedicated 'Il Saggiatore') and got permission to write about \"the systems of the world\", both of Ptolemy and Copernicus, as long as he discussed them noncommittally and came to the conclusion dictated to him in advance by the pope - i.e. that humans cannot presume to know how the world is really made,  because God could have brought about the same observable effects in ways unimagined by them. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei disproved view of claudius ptolemy
graph: Ernest Hemingway freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Parents
graph: Daniel Wallace common.topic.notable_types Author
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graph: No action was taken, but Galileo was alarmed enough by the news from Rome to decide in December 1615 to present his views there himself. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Ismail Kadare freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Country of nationality
graph: robert boyle influenced isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.relation influenced
graph: Pierre Gassendi people.person.place_of_birth Champtercier
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences But it eventually became clear he was not in line for a professorship, and he carried on to Venice, where he became Mocenigo's guest.
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He influenced the work of Duns Scotus.
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graph: Parents owl#inverseOf Children
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to gilles personne de roberval work known to evangelista torricelli
graph: Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love book.book.editions Galileo's Daughter
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graph: Muhammad in Islam influence.influence_node.influenced Abu Zayd al-Balkhi
graph: Isaac Barrow influence.influence_node.influenced_by Vincenzo Viviani
graph: Orhan Pamuk people.person.profession Novelist
graph: Grand Duchy of Tuscany common.topic.image Location of Tuscany
graph: Osiander added a preface to the work in which he stated that Copernicus's model of the heavens only provided a working model for the simplification of astronomical mathematics and did not claim to represent what was really going on in the sky. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence This was in order to reduce the dangerous hostility to any ideas that contradicted Aristotle who had claimed that the Earth was the fixed central point in the universe.
graph: He discovered that other ancient Greeks had suggested the idea of a heliocentric universe, and this seemed better seemed even though it still needed complex mathematical  calculations to predict planetary movement. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1644, Torricelli published 'Opera Geometrica', 'Geometric Works', in three parts, containing both valuable advances in pure mathematics as well as his findings on fluid and projectile motion.
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graph: Giordano Bruno people.person.places_lived m.075vj9x
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graph: Galileo then returned to Florence and spent the next several years working on his great book, 'Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo, tolemaico e copernicano' ('Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Ptolemaic and Copernican'), which he completed in 1630 and was permitted to publish in 1632. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Les Méchaniques de Galilée .. common.topic.notable_types Book
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graph: Daemon Spade common.topic.notable_types Fictional Character
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graph: m.07nfhgn base.ontologies.ontology_instance_mapping.ontology OpenCyc
graph: Brewster wrote his biography He met Campanella. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei biography written by david brewster
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graph: m.07ndjrd base.ontologies.ontology_instance_mapping.ontology OpenCyc
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Instead of teaching, he then devoted himself to what he termed 'investigative and analytical \"genuine\" philosophy'.
graph: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov influence.influence_node.influenced Ismail Kadare
graph: galileo galilei work related to gilles personne de roberval base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Galileo Galilei
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The 19th-century Austrian physicist Mach considered this demonstration so important that he called Torricelli 'the founder of hydrodynamics'.
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graph: From 1585 to 1589 Galileo gave lessons in mathematics in Florence and Siena, and in 1586 he published an essay (describing his invention of a hydrostatic balance) which made him known throughout Italy, and won him the support of a wealthy patron, the Marchese del Monte, for whom he wrote a treatise on the centre of gravity in solids (1588) and who got him the job of lecturer in mathematics at the University of Pisa. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: thomas hobbes influenced isaac newton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Isaac Newton
graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced tycho brahe base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Tycho Brahe
graph: Physicist fictional_universe.character_occupation.characters_with_this_occupation Ronald McNair
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graph: Isaac Newton base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to johannes kepler laid basis of isaac newton
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graph: Galileo Academy of Science and Technology book.school_or_movement.associated_works Why the Communist Party of China Seized the Power Arduously: the Study of the Class Struggle in China
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graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He suggested that if the perception of light was due to the emission of some sort of particles by the luminous source, the speed of light had to be finite.
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graph: Academic type.type.expected_by Person
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In Bruno's view, the universe, of which man was a part, was composed of matter which constantly renewed itself.
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graph: Princess Louise of Stolberg-Gedern people.deceased_person.place_of_death Florence
graph: Ibn al-Nafis influence.influence_node.influenced_by Hippocrates
graph: Having now spoken out publicly and decisively for the Copernican system Galileo faced increasing attacks from church authorities because of contradictions between the Copernican theory and the Scriptures, and in 1614 he was reported to the Inquisition. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence The 'Letters' also confirmed Galileo's earlier criticism of Aristotelian cosmology, as he maintained that the movement of the spots across the face of the Sun proved that Copernicus' system was correct,  and also that the Sun rotated.
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graph: Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from gottfried wilhelm leibniz met christiaan huyghens
graph: John Milton influence.influence_node.influenced Samuel Beckett
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli people.person.ethnicity Italian people
graph: Robert Louis Stevenson freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
graph: Vincenzo Viviani base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Following the fashion of the day, Viviani  posed a mathematical problem for the academic European community.
graph: In Florence he continued his astronomical observations, and discovered spots on the surface of the Sun's disc, the oval appearance of Saturn, and that the planet Venus has crescent phases like the moon. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In the same year, he was offered both Chairs of Theology and Philosophy at Aix and spent the next six years there, but lost the job in 1622, when all teaching at the University was taken over by the Jesuits.
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graph: Franz Kafka freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Siblings
graph: Italian people fictional_universe.ethnicity_in_fiction.characters_of_this_ethnicity Fra Cristoforo
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graph: In July 1609, while visiting Venice, Galileo learned of the recent invention of the telescope by the Dutch lens-grinder Lippershey in 1608, and on his return to Padua built one. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t97
graph: documenti del processo di Galileo Galilei common.topic.notable_for g.1256qp1kr
graph: Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love book.translated_work.translations La Fille de Galilée
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graph: Vincenzo Viviani influence.influence_node.influenced_by Galileo Galilei
graph: Scientific circles were more receptive to Copernican theory and at the beginning of the seventeenth century the Ptolemaic theory was first formally abandoned by Kepler. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus influenced johannes kepler
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In 1639 Gassendi wrote a treatise explaining the corpuscular theory of light,  based on a celestial phenomenon described by the Jesuit astronomer, Scheiner.
graph: Al-Farabi influence.influence_node.influenced Mulla Sadra
graph: His (administrative) canon's post back at the cathedral of Frombork, Poland gave him financial independence for life and in 1501 he paid a brief visit there  to confirm his appointment and secure formal leave of absence to continue his studies. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He then spent over three years studying law and medicine at Padua University and obtained a doctorate in Canon Law from Ferrara in 1503.
graph: Robert Louis Stevenson freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Parents
graph: Stroke medicine.disease.symptoms Cerebral hemorrhage
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graph: Ernest Hemingway freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
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graph: Vincenzo Galilei music.artist.track Kontrapunkt
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graph: Robert Louis Stevenson common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Castelli immediately recognized Torricelli's genius.
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graph: Galileo then returned to Florence and spent the next several years working on his great book, 'Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo, tolemaico e copernicano' ('Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Ptolemaic and Copernican'), which he completed in 1630 and was permitted to publish in 1632. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In 1624 Galileo returned to Rome, to visit the new pope, Urban VIII, who had been a longtime friend (and to whom he had dedicated 'Il Saggiatore') and got permission to write about \"the systems of the world\", both of Ptolemy and Copernicus, as long as he discussed them noncommittally and came to the conclusion dictated to him in advance by the pope - i.e. that humans cannot presume to know how the world is really made,  because God could have brought about the same observable effects in ways unimagined by them.
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graph: Maria Celeste people.person.religion Catholicism
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He was a fan of Montaigne.
graph: Galileo Galilei influence.influence_node.influenced Isaac Newton
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to pierre de fermat corresponded with evangelista torricelli
graph: To consider that the Earth was not the centre of a universe was seen by Rome as questioning the god-given order of the universe and threatening man's special relationship with God. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence This was in order to reduce the dangerous hostility to any ideas that contradicted Aristotle who had claimed that the Earth was the fixed central point in the universe.
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graph: Michelangelo freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of death
graph: Leaning Tower of Pisa location.location.time_zones Central European Time Zone
graph: De revolutionibus orbium coelestium book.written_work.subjects History
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Discourse on Floating Bodies
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graph: Nicholas Copernicus Complete works book.written_work.author Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: galileo galilei inspired evangelista torricelli base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind.
graph: Vincenzo Viviani symbols.name_source.namesakes Viviani
graph: Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī people.person.profession Chemist
graph: Ibn Khaldun influence.influence_node.influenced_by Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences On a visit to Paris in 1660, Huyghens met Pascal, and Azout and in London, in 1661, Wallis and Oldenburg, and also witnessed Boyle's experiments with the air pump.
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graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to gilles personne de roberval succeeded pierre gassendi
graph: Dialogo de Cecco di Ronchitti da Bruzene in perpuosito de la stella Nuova book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences His work related to that of Berti.
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graph: Galileo Galilei symbols.name_source.namesakes Galilean moons
graph: Stephen Hawking freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Country of nationality
graph: David Brewster base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to galileo galilei biography written by david brewster
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graph: Francis Bacon influence.influence_node.influenced_by Plato
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graph: Europeans people.ethnicity.languages_spoken German Language
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graph: nicolaus copernicus corrected georg von peuerbach base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence He corrected Peuerbach's work He was influenced by Regiomontanus' work.
graph: Charlotte Bonaparte people.person.parents Julie Clary
graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tgk
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graph: Perhaps the most far-reaching of his achievements was his insistence that the \"Book of Nature is . . . written in mathematical characters\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence From this base, he was able to found the modern experimental method.
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graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced ABU HAMIDAL. GHAZALI
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He made use of early infinitesimal methods to determine the point in the plane of a triangle, so that the sum of its distances from the vertices was a minimum, known as the isogonic centre.
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graph: From 1585 to 1589 Galileo gave lessons in mathematics in Florence and Siena, and in 1586 he published an essay (describing his invention of a hydrostatic balance) which made him known throughout Italy, and won him the support of a wealthy patron, the Marchese del Monte, for whom he wrote a treatise on the centre of gravity in solids (1588) and who got him the job of lecturer in mathematics at the University of Pisa. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In Pisa, Galileo began a controversial campaign to discredit accepted Aristotelian physics.
graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced Jonathan Safran Foer
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus book.author.works_written Nikolaus Kopernikus: Erster Entwurf seines Weltsystems sowie eine Auseinandersetzung Johannes Kelpers mit Aristoteles über die Bewegung der Erde
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graph: With the special indulgence with which he was treated throughout the trial,  this was commuted to house arrest on his small estate (provided by his ex-pupil Ferdinand II of Tuscany at Arcetri near Florence, where he returned in December 1633. This sentence of house arrest remained in effect throughout the last eight years of Galileo's life. During these last years, Galileo continued his research, even after his hearing and sight began to fail.   In 1634 he completed his 'Discorsi e dimostrazioni mathematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica' ('Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences'), which was smuggled out of Italy and published at Leiden in 1638,  and inspired much experimental work by such scientists as Torricelli,  Berti and Ricci Galileo's last telescopic discovery - that of the Moon's diurnal and monthly librations (wobbling from side to side) - was made in 1637, only a few months before he became blind. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence From April to June 1633 Galileo was tried before the Holy Office and was found \"vehemently suspect of heresy\", forced to abjure Copernicanism publicly, and sentenced to imprisonment.
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graph: San Nicola Church, Pisa location.location.containedby Italy
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced René Descartes
graph: Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love book.book.editions Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love
graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t89
graph: Giordano Bruno influence.influence_node.peers m.075vjgr
graph: Thomas Hobbes influence.influence_node.influenced_by Pierre Gassendi
graph: Astrologer base.descriptive_names.names.descriptive_name m.0_z88n5
graph: Baruch Spinoza influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: Arthur van Hoff influence.influence_node.influenced_by Adam Doppelt
graph: Edgar Allan Poe freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Gender
graph: The achievement of Galileo common.topic.notable_for g.125b2pt1v
graph: This eventually led to Newton's laws of gravity. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus triggered gravity work by isaac newton
graph: Country of nationality rdf-schema#range Country
graph: galileo galilei work related to john milton base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other John Milton
graph: Italy freebase.domain_category.domains Massimo Zanini
graph: Io astronomy.celestial_object.locations Volcanology of Io
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The first arose from the concept of the Earth orbiting round the Sun.
graph: Pierre Gassendi base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences De Valois asked him to return to Paris,  where Gassendi was elected to the Assembly of the Clergy.
graph: Ibn Khaldun influence.influence_node.influenced_by Avicenna
graph: Giordano Bruno book.author.works_written Le opere italiane di Giordano Bruno
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from galileo galilei influenced thomas hobbes
graph: robert bellarmine opposed theory of nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Mário Ferreira dos Santos kp_lw.philosopher.influenced_by Aristotle
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from evangelista torricelli work related to gilles personne de roberval
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graph: Early in 1611 Galileo travelled to Rome, where he spent several months demonstrating his discoveries,  and winning the approval of the Jesuits of the Roman College, the pope and several cardinals. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In particular, Galileo saw in the moons of Jupiter a miniature planetary system,  thanks to which it could no longer be argued (as critics of Copernicus did)  that all moving heavenly bodies revolved exclusively around the Earth, Within two years he had constructed approximately accurate tables of the orbits of Jupiter's moons and suggested their frequent eclipses as a means of calculating longitude.
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graph: In 1624 Galileo returned to Rome, to visit the new pope, Urban VIII, who had been a longtime friend (and to whom he had dedicated 'Il Saggiatore') and got permission to write about \"the systems of the world\", both of Ptolemy and Copernicus, as long as he discussed them noncommittally and came to the conclusion dictated to him in advance by the pope - i.e. that humans cannot presume to know how the world is really made,  because God could have brought about the same observable effects in ways unimagined by them. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence Galileo then returned to Florence and spent the next several years working on his great book, 'Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo, tolemaico e copernicano' ('Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems - Ptolemaic and Copernican'), which he completed in 1630 and was permitted to publish in 1632.
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graph: Robert Boyle influence.influence_node.influenced_by René Descartes
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He conducted philosophical discussions with liberal-minded Venetians who shared his views on tolerance and free discussion.
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graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences But his controversial reputation had preceded him.
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graph: In 1591 on his father's death he resigned from  Pisa and returned to Florence. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence The following year his patron succeeded in getting him the chair of mathematics at the University of Padua, where he was to remain for the next 18 years (1592-1610),  attracting pupils from all over Europe to his lectures.
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graph: During these years he became convinced of the truth of the Copernicus' theory (that the planets revolve about the Sun) but was deterred from going public - as shown in his letter of 4 April 1597 to Kepler -   because of fear of the church (the Italian philosopher, Bruno had been arrested in 1592 and would in 1600 be burned at the stake for defending Copernicus. At Padua,  the leading scientific centre of the day, Galileo continued his research on motion, and around 1604 proved theoretically that falling bodies obey what came to be known as the law of uniformly accelerated motion (a body speeds up or slows down uniformly with time). base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei corresponded with johannes kepler
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graph: Italo Calvino people.person.quotations The catalogue of forms is endless: until every shape has found its city, new cities will continue to be born. When the forms exhaust their variety and come apart, the end of cities begins.
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graph: Having now spoken out publicly and decisively for the Copernican system Galileo faced increasing attacks from church authorities because of contradictions between the Copernican theory and the Scriptures, and in 1614 he was reported to the Inquisition. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence In his defence, Galileo wrote two letters for publication, one to his pupil Castelli and the other to the Dowager Duchess Christina (both 1615), in which he argued that neither the Bible nor nature could speak falsely and that whereas the investigation of nature was the province of the scientist, the reconciliation of scientific facts with the language of the Bible was that of the theologian.
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graph: During his time in Padua, he took a Venetian mistress, Marina Gamba, by whom between 1600 and 1606 he had two daughters and a son. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence He also corresponded with the Italian physician Santorio and the Italian physicist Baliani.
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graph: Edward Gibbon influence.influence_node.influenced_by John Locke
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graph: Dal carteggio e dai documenti common.topic.notable_for g.1258c4hrg
graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced john donne base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin.
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graph: The Cassini family improved on his measurements His problems influenced Descartes, Hobbes,  Mariotte and Newton. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections galileo galilei influenced rene descartes
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graph: Robert Boyle base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from robert boyle inspired by evangelista torricelli
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graph: In Florence he continued his astronomical observations, and discovered spots on the surface of the Sun's disc, the oval appearance of Saturn, and that the planet Venus has crescent phases like the moon. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In the summer of 1610 Galileo resigned from Padua, and returned to Florence as mathematician and philosopher to Cosimo II, with no teaching duties and a large salary.
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graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced René Descartes
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graph: Ueber Die Umschwuenge Der Himmlischen Kugelschalen book.written_work.author Nicolaus Copernicus
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graph: Ganymede common.topic.article m.0f58p
graph: On the revolutions book.written_work.subjects Solar System
graph: Thomas Hobbes base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to galileo galilei influenced thomas hobbes
graph: Francisco Suárez influence.influence_node.influenced_by Thomas Aquinas
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graph: Italo Calvino people.person.parents Eva Mameli
graph: Giordano Bruno kp_lw.philosophy_influencer.influencee Damaris Cudworth Masham
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to christopher wren formulated inverse-square law with christiaan huyghens
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences To consider that the Earth was not the centre of a universe was seen by Rome as questioning the god-given order of the universe and threatening man's special relationship with God.
graph: galileo galilei disproved view of claudius ptolemy base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence In 1624 Galileo returned to Rome, to visit the new pope, Urban VIII, who had been a longtime friend (and to whom he had dedicated 'Il Saggiatore') and got permission to write about \"the systems of the world\", both of Ptolemy and Copernicus, as long as he discussed them noncommittally and came to the conclusion dictated to him in advance by the pope - i.e. that humans cannot presume to know how the world is really made,  because God could have brought about the same observable effects in ways unimagined by them.
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graph: Salman Rushdie influence.influence_node.influenced_by Italo Calvino
graph: Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa education.educational_institution_campus.educational_institution Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
graph: nicolaus copernicus tables reworked by erasmus reinhold base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His tables were reworked by Reinhold.
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graph: Province of Pisa location.administrative_division.country Italy
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graph: If this were so, then the stars should move periodically move their positions very slightly. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence The problem was that they had been seen not to do so at all.
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graph: m.075vj91 people.place_lived.person Giordano Bruno
graph: Avicenna people.person.places_lived m.0j8fybv
graph: Evangelista Torricelli influence.influence_node.influenced_by Galileo Galilei
graph: Scritti di critica letteraria common.topic.notable_types Book
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graph: Io astronomy.celestial_object.locations Ah Peku Patera
graph: Don Rodrigo fictional_universe.fictional_character.gender Male
graph: Giordano Bruno people.person.places_lived m.075vj9c
graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced Thomas Aquinas
graph: When Protestant reformers including Luther and Melanchthon opposed publication, Rheticus took the manuscript to Leipzig where the Humanist scholar Osiander oversaw publication. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: His tables were reworked by Reinhold. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Al-Farabi people.person.ethnicity Persian people
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In Copernicus's time, while some astronomers and philosophers even welcomed his theory as a long overdue alternative to the Ptolemaic system, others were outraged at its revolutionary implications.
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graph: Ismail Kadare influence.influence_node.influenced_by Franz Kafka
graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced Daniel Wallace
graph: Ganymede astronomy.celestial_object.locations Achelous
graph: Giordano Bruno base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Giovanni Mocenigo, another statesman who hoped to benefit from Bruno's mnemonic theories, invited him to Venice in 1591.
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graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Vincenzo Viviani
graph: Pisa location.location.contains Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies
graph: Mechanics book.written_work.author Galileo Galilei
graph: Barbara Watzenrode people.person.gender Female
graph: Italy location.location.time_zones Central European Time Zone
graph: Avicenna influence.influence_node.influenced_by Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī
graph: m.03ldp4g education.education.student Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: De revolutionibus orbium coelestium base.argumentmaps.innovative_work.originalidea Heliocentrism
graph: Michelangelo people.person.religion Catholicism
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graph: Galileo Galilei freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Children
graph: Nicholas of Cusa influence.influence_node.influenced Giordano Bruno
graph: Dialogo de Cecco di Ronchitti da Bruzene in perpuosito de la stella Nuova common.topic.article m.0brcjt
graph: University of Pisa education.educational_institution_campus.educational_institution University of Pisa
graph: Robert Boyle influence.influence_node.influenced_by Francis Bacon
graph: Pierre Gassendi book.author.works_written Initiation à la théorie de la musique
graph: Jorge Luis Borges influence.influence_node.influenced_by David Hume
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Although a great deal of this enormous work was borrowed from the earlier physician- philosopher al-Razi, much of it was Avicenna's own.
graph: Charles Darwin freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
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graph: Lettera di Galileo Galilei sull'azione dei remi common.topic.notable_for g.12564tv0t
graph: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi people.person.profession Mathematician
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from nicolaus copernicus influenced simon stevin
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graph: Plotinus kp_lw.philosophy_influencer.influencee Mário Ferreira dos Santos
graph: René Descartes base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from rene descartes work critiqued by pierre gassendi
graph: Pierre Gassendi kp_lw.philosophy_influencer.influencee Damaris Cudworth Masham
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences The essence of Huyghens' theory was that light is transmitted as an irregular series of shock waves (or pulses) which proceeds with great, but finite, velocity through the \"ether,\"  setting up a whole train of vibrations (or undulations) within the ether in a sort of serial displacement, similar to a collision which proceeds through a row of balls.
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graph: Nicolaus Copernicus symbols.name_source.namesakes Copernican principle
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graph: Molière freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Date of birth
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences On his return, Galileo turned again to physics, and published a book on the behaviour of bodies placed in water: 'Discourses on Things that Float' (1612).
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graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Praised work of Gilbert.
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graph: In 1533 Pope Clement VII gave his approval and in 1540 Copernicus reluctantly allowed Rheticus, one of his pupils, to take the manuscript to be printed at Nurnberg in Germany. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.contains_connections nicolaus copernicus pupil was georg joachim rheticus
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graph: From 1585 to 1589 Galileo gave lessons in mathematics in Florence and Siena, and in 1586 he published an essay (describing his invention of a hydrostatic balance) which made him known throughout Italy, and won him the support of a wealthy patron, the Marchese del Monte, for whom he wrote a treatise on the centre of gravity in solids (1588) and who got him the job of lecturer in mathematics at the University of Pisa. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16t6r
graph: English Language language.human_language.countries_spoken_in United Kingdom
graph: Galileo Galilei book.author.works_written Galilée, penseur libre
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences In order to prove his priority, in 1646, Torricelli began to organize his correspondence with the French mathematicians, with a view to publication, but his sudden death prevented it.
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graph: Having now spoken out publicly and decisively for the Copernican system Galileo faced increasing attacks from church authorities because of contradictions between the Copernican theory and the Scriptures, and in 1614 he was reported to the Inquisition. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Galileo Galilei
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graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to giovanni alfonso borelli knew evangelista torricelli
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graph: Blaise Pascal influence.influence_node.influenced Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
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graph: Averroes people.person.religion Islam
graph: Averroes influence.influence_node.influenced Maimonides
graph: In the 1543: \"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres\", Copernicus put forward a view of the universe that provided a new basis for making the mathematical calculations needed to provide accurate information for calendar reform, to predict astronomical events like eclipses,  and to investigate the cosmos. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.previous_sentence In Copernicus's time, while some astronomers and philosophers even welcomed his theory as a long overdue alternative to the Ptolemaic system, others were outraged at its revolutionary implications.
graph: Astronomy education.field_of_study.subdiscipline_of Physics
graph: Thomas Hobbes influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: Die Geldlehre des Nicolaus Copernicus book.written_work.author Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Ptolemy influence.influence_node.influenced Tycho Brahe
graph: René Descartes influence.influence_node.influenced_by ABU HAMIDAL. GHAZALI
graph: Galileo Galilei people.person.profession Astrologer
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graph: The Hague location.administrative_division.country Netherlands
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graph: Galileo Galilei people.person.children Maria Celeste
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graph: Galileo spent the next seven years (1616-23) in retirement at his house in Bellosguardo near Florence, in 1618-23 becoming involved in a dispute with Orazio Grassi over the nature of comets, which ended with the publication of his famous work, 'Il Saggiatore' ('The Assayer'), a brilliant piece on physical reality,  and an exposition of the new scientific method which included his famous pronouncement that the \"Book of Nature is... written in mathematical characters\". base.kwebbase.kwsentence.dates m.0c16tdt
graph: Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz influence.influence_node.influenced_by Thomas Hobbes
graph: Evangelista Torricelli people.person.nationality Italy
graph: nicolaus copernicus influenced simon stevin base.kwebbase.kwconnection.sentence His work influenced Brahe, Donne, Galileo,  Gilbert, Maestlin, Scaliger, Stevin.
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graph: Aristotle freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Children
graph: Francis Bacon influence.influence_node.influenced_by Aristotle
graph: Evangelista Torricelli base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_from evangelista torricelli his theories verified by blaise pascal
graph: Opere, a cura di Franz Brunetti common.topic.notable_for g.1257kjhft
graph: Sardinian language language.human_language.main_country Italy
graph: Lucretius common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Physicist common.topic.notable_for g.1255fs4bv
graph: Dante Alighieri influence.influence_node.influenced John Milton
graph: Arthur van Hoff influence.influence_node.influenced_by Charles Darwin
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to pierre perrault dedicated work to christiaan huyghens
graph: Christiaan Huygens influence.influence_node.influenced_by René Descartes
graph: Isaac Newton base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to galileo galilei influenced isaac newton
graph: Florence location.location.containedby Tuscany
graph: John Milton people.person.languages Italian Language
graph: Opere, a cura di Franz Brunetti common.topic.notable_types Book
graph: Aristotle had said that objects fell to \"their natural place\" ­ i.e., to the centre of the universe: Earth. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.kwtopic Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Due sonetti common.topic.notable_for g.125bmmtcn
graph: galileo galilei inspired gasparo berti base.kwebbase.kwconnection.subject Galileo Galilei
graph: The Assayer common.topic.notable_types Book
graph: Net7 organization.organization.geographic_scope Italy
graph: Archcathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Andrew, Frombork people.place_of_interment.interred_here Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Ibn al-Nafis influence.influence_node.influenced_by Avicenna
graph: Arthur van Hoff people.person.employment_history m.04kmf_k
graph: Charles Darwin freebase.valuenotation.has_value Height
graph: pierre gassendi wrote biography of nicolaus copernicus base.kwebbase.kwconnection.other Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Ibn Tufail people.person.profession Astronomer
graph: Avicenna people.person.profession Physicist
graph: Two New Sciences common.topic.notable_for g.1256qn_sj
graph: Grand Duchy of Tuscany location.country.currency_used Tuscan pound
graph: René Descartes people.person.gender Male
graph: Fortunato Carneglia fictional_universe.fictional_character.gender Male
graph: Galileo Academy of Science and Technology education.educational_institution.students_graduates m.0w5mrzm
graph: documenti del processo di Galileo Galilei common.topic.notable_types Book
graph: Europa symbols.name_source.namesakes Europa
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences While working on this, he was sent a short treatise on sunspots by the Jesuit Scheiner whose ideas - in particular the idea that the spots were tiny planets - Galileo demolished in three long letters, published in 1613 as 'Letters on Sunspots'.
graph: Constantijn Huygens people.person.gender Male
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus people.person.languages Italian Language
graph: Christiaan Huygens influence.influence_node.influenced_by Marin Mersenne
graph: Ibn Tufail influence.influence_node.influenced_by ABU HAMIDAL. GHAZALI
graph: Nicolaus Copernicus base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Over the next twenty years Copernicus developed his ideas, backing them up with mathematical calculations and diagrams.
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to henry oldenburg a pal of christiaan huyghens
graph: John Updike influence.influence_node.influenced Orhan Pamuk
graph: Johannes Kepler base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to giordano bruno known to johannes kepler
graph: Christiaan Huygens people.person.place_of_birth The Hague
graph: William of Ockham common.topic.notable_types Author
graph: Italo Calvino influence.influence_node.influenced_by Ambrose Bierce
graph: Artist common.topic.notable_types Profession
graph: m.03bt0ph people.place_lived.person Arthur van Hoff
graph: Fictional Character freebase.type_hints.included_types Topic
graph: Avicenna common.topic.image Avicenna
graph: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi people.person.gender Male
graph: Christiaan Huygens base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences He continued to work on improving lenses, his spring-regulated clock, and new pendulum clocks.
graph: David Brewster people.person.profession Philosopher
graph: Avicenna base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences His books influenced the 12th-century Jewish philosopher Maimonides.
graph: Giambattista Benedetti people.person.profession Mathematician
graph: According to Copernican theory, the Earth was not at the centre of the universe,  so a new explanation was needed. base.kwebbase.kwsentence.next_sentence This eventually led to Newton's laws of gravity.
graph: Johannes Kepler people.person.profession Mathematician
graph: Dialogue concerning the two chief world systems, Ptolemaic and Copernican book.book_edition.author_editor Galileo Galilei
graph: Al-Farabi influence.influence_node.influenced_by Al-Kindi
graph: Stephen Jay Gould freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed Place of birth
graph: Galileo Galilei base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences Over the next few months he continued to work on the telescope, and by the end of 1609 he had improved it to a power of thirty-two, the practicable limit for a refracting telescope of this type, in which a convex (converging) objective lens and a concave (diverging) lens in the eyepiece together produce a magnified, upright image.
graph: Lorenzo Tramaglino fictional_universe.fictional_character.ethnicity Italian people
graph: Charlotte Bonaparte people.deceased_person.place_of_burial Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence
graph: Person type.type.properties Place of birth
graph: Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence people.place_of_interment.interred_here Eugenio Barsanti
graph: De revolutionibus orbium coelestium book.written_work.author Nicolaus Copernicus
graph: Museo Galileo location.location.containedby Florence
graph: Journalist people.profession.specialization_of Writer
graph: Paris film.film_location.featured_in_films The Sucker
graph: Muhammad in Islam influence.influence_node.influenced Ibn Khaldun
graph: Avicenna people.person.languages Arabic Language
graph: Parents rdf-schema#range Person
graph: Baruch Spinoza influence.influence_node.influenced John Locke