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Renfrow v. State, 34 So. 3d 617 (Miss. Ct. App. 2009)
Court of Appeals of Mississippi
Filed: November 10th, 2009
Precedential Status: Precedential
Citations: 34 So. 3d 617
Docket Number: 2008-KA-00786-COA
Panel: Kenny Griffis, L Joseph Lee, Larry E. Roberts
Judges: Lee, P.J., Griffis and Roberts

34 So. 3d 617 (2009)
Rubin RENFROW, Appellant,
v.
STATE of Mississippi, Appellee.

No. 2008-KA-00786-COA.
Court of Appeals of Mississippi.

November 10, 2009.
Rehearing Denied February 16, 2010.
Certiorari Denied May 13, 2010.
*621 W. Terrell Stubbs, Reeves Jones, attorneys for Appellant.

Office of the Attorney General by Deirdre McCrory, attorney for Appellee.

Before LEE, P.J., GRIFFIS and ROBERTS, JJ.

ROBERTS, J., for the court.

¶ 1. A jury sitting before the Simpson County Circuit Court found Rubin Renfrow guilty of one count of possession of child pornography. The circuit court sentenced Renfrow to fifteen years in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC). Aggrieved, Renfrow appeals. Renfrow claims the circuit court erred when it: (1) denied his motions to suppress the evidence that was obtained from his computer, (2) denied his motion to suppress the evidence related to his interview at the Simpson County Sheriff's Department, (3) denied his motion to dismiss the indictment on the basis that Mississippi Code Annotated section 97-5-33(5) (Supp.2008) is impermissibly vague, (4) denied his motion for a continuance intended to give his attorney more time to review a forensic duplicate of his hard drive and his original hard drive, (5) denied his motion for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict (JNOV), and (6) denied his motion for a new trial. Finding no error, we affirm.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

¶ 2. The catalyst that led to Renfrow's conviction occurred in March 2006, when a child related to Renfrow spoke to an elementary school counselor. It is unclear what the child said to the school counselor, but whatever the child said, the school counselor was concerned that the child had been exposed to inappropriate matters of a sexual nature. The school counselor relayed his concerns to the child's father and Kim Fulgram with the Rankin County Department of Human Services. Fulgram contacted Brian Ervin, a counselor with the Rankin County Child Advocacy Center. On March 8, 2006, Ervin interviewed the child who spoke to the school counselor. Ervin also interviewed the child's sibling. *622 The children, then ages four and six years old, indicated that Renfrow showed them pictures that he had on his computer.[1] To paraphrase the children, Renfrow showed them pictures of naked adults and children. The inference was that Renfrow had showed the children pictures of adult and child pornography. The children also allegedly indicated that Renfrow had touched them inappropriately.[2]

¶ 3. Because the events described by the children were to have taken place in Simpson County, Fulgram contacted the Simpson County Sheriff's Department. On March 16, 2006, the children's father met with Investigator Bernard Gunter of the Simpson County Sheriff's Department. Investigator Gunter also watched the videotape of Erwin's interviews of the children. On March 21, 2006, Investigator Gunter applied for and obtained warrants to arrest Renfrow and to search Renfrow's home and seize his computer. That same day, Investigator Gunter executed the warrants. Investigator Gunter went to Renfrow's home in Simpson County, arrested Renfrow, and seized Renfrow's computer. Investigator Gunter delivered Renfrow's computer to the Mississippi Attorney General's Cyber Crime Unit (the Cyber Crime Center), where forensic investigators Sherita Sullivan and Keith Leavitt examined Renfrow's computer. Their examinations will be discussed in greater detail below. Succinctly stated, the investigation of Renfrow's computer involved creating a forensic duplicate of Renfrow's hard drive and then examining the forensic duplicate.

¶ 4. Meanwhile, Renfrow had been arrested and released from custody. However, on March 16, 2007, Renfrow reported to the Simpson County Sheriff's Department after Investigator Gunter had placed a card on the door of Renfrow's home and requested that Renfrow report to the Simpson County Sheriff's Department. Investigator Gunter later explained that he intended to serve Renfrow with a capias. However, when Renfrow reported, he informed Investigator Gunter that he would waive his rights to remain silent and to have an attorney present and would allow Investigator Gunter to interview him. Renfrow executed a document waiving his rights and allowed Investigator Gunter to interview him while Sheriff Kenneth Lewis was present. During that interview, Renfrow stated that he knew he had pictures depicting child pornography on his computer. However, he also stated that he obtained the pictures inadvertently. To summarize Renfrow's version of events, he received unsolicited e-mails that included the pictures depicting child pornography, he did not know who sent him the pictures, and he tried to delete the pictures.

¶ 5. Investigator Gunter attempted to create a videotaped recording of Renfrow's interview. However, after the interview had ended, Investigator Gunter discovered that he had failed to activate a switch that would have created an audio recording of the interview. In other words, Investigator Gunter only had a video recording of the interview. There was no audio recording. *623 Investigator Gunter then wrote a summary of Renfrow's interview. Sheriff Lewis signed Investigator Gunter's summary and indicated that he shared Investigator Gunter's recollection of Renfrow's interview.

¶ 6. On October 1, 2007, the Simpson County Grand Jury returned an indictment against Renfrow, charging him with one count of touching a child inappropriately in violation of Mississippi Code Annotated section 97-5-23(1) (Rev.2006). The grand jury also charged Renfrow with one count of willful possession of child pornography. Renfrow waived arraignment and pled not guilty.

¶ 7. Renfrow filed numerous pretrial motions. For our purposes, only a few of those motions are noteworthy. On February 13, 2008, Renfrow filed a motion to review the State's evidence. That same day, Renfrow filed a relatively generic motion to suppress practically any evidence the State obtained from any source. On February 28, 2008, Renfrow filed a motion for a continuance. Renfrow requested a continuance so he could review the discovery tendered by the State. Renfrow also requested that he and his computer expert be allowed access to the original hard drive that was removed from his computer. On March 5, 2008, Renfrow filed an amended motion to suppress the State's evidence. The majority of Renfrow's amended motion to suppress was identical to his original motion to suppress. However, Renfrow added a claim that "[t]he State has wholly failed to protect and secure the [evidence obtained from Renfrow's computer], and it has been contaminated and subjected to potential virus infection."

¶ 8. On March 7, 2008, the circuit court conducted a hearing on Renfrow's first series of pretrial motions. The events that transpired during the hearing on those motions will be discussed in greater detail as necessary in the analysis of Renfrow's issues. Suffice it to say that the circuit court granted Renfrow's motion for a continuance so Renfrow's computer expert could review a copy of Renfrow's hard drive. The circuit court rescheduled Renfrow's trial date and set Renfrow's trial for March 27, 2008. However, the circuit court also denied Renfrow's motions to suppress the evidence.

¶ 9. During the March 7, 2008, hearing, Renfrow moved to dismiss the indictment. Renfrow argued that section 97-5-33(5) is impermissibly vague because it does not include a mens rea component. The State pointed out that, while there is no mens rea component listed in that statutory provision, the language in the indictment required the State to prove that Renfrow willfully possessed child pornography. The circuit court denied Renfrow's motion to dismiss the indictment and noted that because the indictment contained the allegation that Renfrow willfully possessed child pornography, the State would be obligated to prove that portion of the allegation beyond a reasonable doubt. Finally, the circuit court rescheduled Renfrow's trial date.

¶ 10. On March 14, 2008, the State filed a document titled "entry of nolle prosequi" and moved that the circuit court dismiss the charge that Renfrow inappropriately touched the children. The circuit court executed the consent portion of that document on the same day. On March 19, 2008, Renfrow filed three new pretrial motions. Two of those motions are pertinent to the issues on appeal. The first of those pertinent motions was Renfrow's second motion for a continuance. Renfrow's March 19, 2008, motion for a continuance was based on the fact that, although the State provided his expert with access to an exact copy of the hard drive, the State had not given his expert access to the original *624 hard drive. Additionally, Renfrow filed a renewed motion to suppress the evidence. Renfrow claimed the circuit court should suppress the evidence that Investigator Gunter obtained when he executed the search warrant. The most significant evidence that Investigator Gunter seized was Renfrow's computer and all of the evidence that was obtained from his computer. Renfrow argued that it was appropriate to suppress that evidence because the events that led to the acquisition of the search warrant occurred nine or ten months before Investigator Gunter sought to obtain the search warrant.

¶ 11. On March 20, 2008, the circuit court conducted another series of hearings on Renfrow's motions. After some discussion, it was resolved that the State would allow Renfrow's expert to make her own copy of Renfrow's original hard drive, subject to the conditions that Renfrow's expert make her copy at the Cyber Crime Center under the supervision of employees of the Cyber Crime Center, who would ensure that Renfrow's expert maintained the evidentiary integrity of Renfrow's original hard drive. However, the circuit court did not grant Renfrow's request for a continuance.

¶ 12. As for Renfrow's renewed motion to suppress the evidence obtained by the search warrant, the circuit court found that, although the children indicated that the alleged inappropriate touching occurred in April or May 2005, the children did not report the allegation until late February or early March 2006. The circuit court also found that Investigator Gunter acted on the allegations as soon as he found out about them. Accordingly, the circuit court denied Renfrow's renewed motion to suppress. There were no further delays, and Renfrow went to trial as scheduled.

¶ 13. The events that transpired at Renfrow's trial will be discussed as necessary in the analysis portion of this opinion. As previously mentioned, the jury found Renfrow guilty of possession of child pornography. Following Renfrow's unsuccessful post-trial motions for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict (JNOV) or, alternatively, a new trial, the circuit court sentenced Renfrow to fifteen years in the custody of the MDOC. Aggrieved, Renfrow appeals. We have restructured the issues and Renfrow's arguments to provide greater clarity, as Renfrow's claims require significantly more separate discussions than the six issues he lists.

ANALYSIS

I. RENFROW'S MOTION TO DISMISS THE INDICTMENT

¶ 14. Count II of the indictment charged Renfrow with violating section 97-5-33(5) of the Mississippi Code, which states that "[n]o person shall, by any means including computer, possess any photograph, drawing, sketch, film, video tape or other visual depiction of an actual child engaging in sexually explicit conduct." Miss.Code Ann. § 97-5-33(5). Renfrow moved to dismiss Count II of the indictment on the basis that section 97-5-33(5) is unconstitutionally vague.

¶ 15. The circuit court denied Renfrow's motion and held as follows:

I agree subsection (5) of 97-5-33 does not contain the word "knowingly" or "willfully" or anything like that. In a sense, the indictment which does contain the word "willfully" and which has been equated numerous times, dozens, if not hundreds, of times with knowingly in all kinds of different cases by our supreme court. The indictment in effect puts more burden on the State than the statute does. The State has nailed themselves down to proving that the defendant *625 willfully, i.e., knowingly, possessed this alleged child pornography. The statute doesn't say they have to do it, but the indictment does. So that's what you're stuck with. So, for this case, that motion is denied.
¶ 16. Renfrow claims the circuit court erred. Our supreme court has directed that, upon review of a circuit court's decision to deny a motion to dismiss the indictment based on a claim that a statute is unconstitutionally vague, the appropriate test is to determine "whether the statute defines the criminal offense with sufficient definiteness such that a person of ordinary intelligence has fair notice of what conduct is prohibited." Lewis v. State, 765 So. 2d 493, 499(¶ 25) (Miss.2000).

¶ 17. Renfrow notes that section 97-5-33(1), (3), (6), and (7) contain a mens rea aspect, but section 97-5-33(5) does not contain a mens rea aspect. According to Renfrow's logic, "to allow this section to stand as written, without requiring some mental element on the part of a defendant, would be tantamount to not affording a person of ordinary intelligence, [sic] fair notice of exactly what conduct is prohibited." Renfrow also argues that section 97-5-33(5), as written, punishes people who have unintentionally or unknowingly had child pornography placed on their computers through computer viruses or computer hackers.

¶ 18. There can be no doubt that a criminal statute is not unconstitutionally vague solely because it does not contain a mens rea element. "The Legislature may define a crime which depends on no mental element and consists only of forbidden acts or omissions." Roberson v. State, 501 So. 2d 398, 401 (Miss.1987) (quoting Wright v. State, 236 So. 2d 408, 413 (Miss. 1970)). "In that instance, the intent to do the forbidden act is the only intent necessary to complete the offense." Id.

¶ 19. However, our decision need not turn on whether section 97-5-33(5) is unconstitutionally vague simply because it does not contain a mens rea element. The State charged Renfrow with willful possession of child pornography. That is, Count II of the indictment against Renfrow contained language that included an allegation that Renfrow willfully possessed child pornography. By including that language, the State imposed a mens rea requirement, and it was obligated to prove that aspect of the charge beyond a reasonable doubt. Consequently, under the circumstances, it is irrelevant that section 97-5-33(5) does not include a mens rea element. We find no merit to this issue.

II. RENFROW'S ATTEMPTS TO SUPPRESS THE EVIDENCE

¶ 20. Renfrow filed multiple motions intended to suppress the evidence against him. Based on several different rationales, Renfrow vigorously attempted to suppress the evidence that was obtained from his computer. Renfrow also attempted to suppress Investigator Gunter's written recollection of Renfrow's March 16, 2007, interview. For clarity's sake, we have restructured Renfrow's issues and the various lines of reasoning for those issues. As we review Renfrow's litany of arguments under these issues, we are mindful of our standard of review. "The standard of review regarding the admission or exclusion of evidence is abuse of discretion." Terrell v. State, 952 So. 2d 998, 1005(¶ 31) (Miss.Ct.App.2006). We will only find an abuse of discretion if "a defendant shows clear prejudice resulting from an undue lack of constraint on the prosecution or undue constraint on the defense." Id. In other words, "[t]his Court shall not disturb a trial court's decision unless it is clearly wrong." Id.

*626 A. RENFROW'S COMPUTER

¶ 21. Renfrow repeatedly sought to suppress any and all evidence that the State obtained from his computer. Renfrow's reasoning was based on the following concepts: (1) there was no probable cause to issue the search warrant because the events that led to Investigator Gunter's decision to obtain the search warrant occurred long before Investigator Gunter sought to obtain the warrant; (2) his computer was contaminated by viruses while it was in the State's custody; (3) there was a discrepancy between the computer's actual serial number and the serial number as recorded by the Cyber Crime Center; and (4) the State failed to establish a proper chain of custody. We discuss each of Renfrow's arguments in turn.

1. Probable Cause for the Search Warrant

¶ 22. Renfrow claims there was no probable cause for the search warrant that allowed Investigator Gunter to seize the computer. We must exercise caution while discussing this claim, because the State dismissed count one of the two-count indictment by nolle prosequi, and there is still a possibility that the State could re-indict Renfrow for those allegations. In any event, Renfrow contends that the circuit court erred when it did not find that there was no probable cause to issue the search warrant because, according to the two children central to this case, the alleged inappropriate touching occurred nine or ten months before Investigator Gunter sought to obtain the search warrant.

¶ 23. The circuit court judge stated, "as I see the motion, the narrow issue is whether . . . dismissing Court One affected the search warrant. I find it does not." According to Renfrow, "the information relied upon was given by two young children almost one year after the alleged incident, and [it] cannot be deemed credible because they could not state a specific date for the alleged incident." Renfrow concludes that "the time lapse of almost one year certainly rendered the search warrant stale." We disagree.

¶ 24. "When reviewing a finding of probable cause to issue a warrant[,] this Court does not make a de novo determination of probable cause, but only determines if there was a substantial basis for the magistrate's determination of probable cause." Foley v. State, 914 So. 2d 677, 685(¶ 12) (Miss.2005) (citation and internal quotations omitted). "The task of the issuing magistrate is simply to make a practical, common-sense decision based on all the circumstances set forth in the affidavit before him, including the `veracity' and `basis of knowledge' of persons supplying hearsay information." Id. at 685-86.

¶ 25. Renfrow claims that, because the children at issue did not notify an adult of the alleged inappropriate touching and the images on Renfrow's computer for approximately ten or eleven months, there was no probable cause for the search warrant. "[S]taleness of information may be a defect in probable cause for search warrants." Flake v. State, 948 So. 2d 493, 496(¶ 9) (Miss.Ct.App.2007). However, "[t]he determination of factual currency in the affidavit for a search warrant would be but one factor in the totality of the circumstances for establishing the existence of probable cause." Id.

¶ 26. Although it is true that the children involved in the underlying alleged incident stated that Renfrow showed them pictures of naked adults and children on his computer and suggested that Renfrow may have touched them inappropriately sometime in April or May 2005, that is not the end of the analysis. Authorities were unaware of the allegation until March *627 2006. As mentioned, Erwin, a child advocacy counselor, interviewed the children promptly after one of the children first gave a school counselor reason for concern. Investigator Gunter promptly received a copy of the videotape of Erwin's interviews. After Investigator Gunter watched the interview, he promptly sought to obtain the search warrant. The probable cause for the search warrant was not rendered stale simply because Investigator Gunter first discovered the allegations nine or ten months after the alleged incident occurred. This is especially true in the context of allegations by small children, who may be too ashamed or frightened to inform others that something inappropriate may have occurred because they were expressly ordered or threatened to remain silent. Based on the totality of the circumstances, we find that there was a substantial basis for the issuance of the search warrant. Additionally, it was reasonable for the judge who issued the search warrant to conclude that images on a computer could still be recovered by forensic methods nine or ten months after the children saw them. Sullivan's examination report stated that she was able to recover "all available files[,] including those previously deleted." Accordingly, because the images were stored on a computer, the probable cause for Investigator Gunter's search warrant was not rendered stale by the passage of time. We find no merit to this issue.

2. Integrity of the Original Hard Drive

¶ 27. Renfrow claims that the circuit court should have prohibited the State from introducing any evidence that was obtained from his computer because the State failed to protect the integrity of Renfrow's original hard drive. Renfrow contends that there are three reasons to conclude that the State failed to protect the integrity of the original hard drive: (1) the possibility that Renfrow's hard drive was exposed to virus contamination while in the custody of the Cyber Crime Center; (2) the presence of two "bad sectors" on Renfrow's original hard drive; and (3) his allegation that the Cyber Crime Center did not have a sufficient fail-safe system to protect the integrity of the original hard drive.

i. Virus Contamination

¶ 28. Renfrow claims that the circuit court should have suppressed the evidence that was obtained from his computer because the original hard drive might have been exposed to virus contamination while it was in the State's custody. According to Renfrow, his original hard drive was probably contaminated while it was in the Cyber Crime Center's custody "because so many people had access to the [evidence] vault and made copies from the original hard drive." First and foremost, Renfrow's statement is a mischaracterization of the evidence. According to the expert witnesses from the Cyber Crime Center, two or three people had access to the Cyber Crime Center's vault at any given time.

¶ 29. Moreover, Renfrow's argument under this heading is purely speculative. There is absolutely no evidence in the record that either the original or one of the forensic duplicate copies of Renfrow's hard drive were ever exposed to computer virus contamination while in the State's custody. While there was some testimony that there were viruses, spyware, adware, or "Trojan" programs on Renfrow's original hard drive, there was no evidence that those items first appeared on the original hard drive while it was in the State's custody. The only reasonable inference is that those items were on Renfrow's original hard drive when Investigator Gunter seized Renfrow's entire computer. There was no *628 testimony that those items were not on Renfrow's hard drive before Investigator Gunter seized Renfrow's computer. There was no evidence that anyone from the Cyber Crime Center exposed Renfrow's hard drive to possible contamination by logging on the Internet or any other source of contamination. Additionally, the State's expert witnesses testified that their use of a "write-blocker" prevented any alterations to Renfrow's original hard drive. Renfrow never presented any evidence to the contrary. There is no merit to this purely speculative claim.

ii. The Presence of "Bad Sectors" on the Original Hard Drive

¶ 30. Renfrow's next argument under this heading involves the presence of two "bad sectors" on the original hard drive. To support his claim that the Cyber Crime Center failed to protect the integrity of his original hard drive, Renfrow references a portion of Leavitt's testimony in which Leavitt testified that there were two "bad sectors" on Renfrow's original hard drive. Renfrow states that Leavitt "testified that the damaged hard drives have something to do with the way the hard drive operates." Although Renfrow accurately states that Leavitt found two "bad sectors" on Renfrow's hard drive, Renfrow is inaccurate in the remainder of his characterization of Leavitt's testimony.

¶ 31. Leavitt testified that he found two "bad sectors" on Renfrow's hard drive. The State asked Leavitt to elaborate on what the "bad sectors" meant. Leavitt testified:

A bad sector typically could mean some type of physical damage to the hard drive. These are electronic parts. They have physical moving parts, and they become damaged just like maybe your cassette tape that you listen to in the radio might—portions of it could get damaged where you couldn't hear it. It's the same way with a hard drive. Those portions of the hard drive can become damaged and be unusuable by the—by the hardware.
Leavitt went on to testify that it is not uncommon to find bad sectors on a hard drive. Leavitt explained that he examined the damaged sectors to determine whether there was any information stored on them and found no information. Additionally, Leavitt testified that the two damaged sectors would have held very little information. The State asked Leavitt to elaborate regarding the information that could be stored on the two damaged sectors compared to the information that could be stored on the entire hard drive. Leavitt explained that the two sectors would represent "maybe a crumb" of an entire pie.

¶ 32. On cross-examination, Renfrow's attorney asked Leavitt whether the two "bad sectors" would influence the way Renfrow's computer operated. Leavitt testified that they would not influence the way Renfrow's computer operated, but they would influence the way the hard drive operated in that the hard drive would skip over the two damaged sectors and simply move on to the next undamaged sector of the hard drive. Renfrow's attorney never asked Leavitt to testify as to how the "bad sectors" might have become damaged. Additionally, Renfrow's computer expert, Nannette Pate, did not discuss the presence of the "bad sectors" during her testimony. As a result, there was no evidence that the "bad sectors" were damaged during the time Renfrow's hard drive was in the custody of the Simpson County Sheriff's Department or the Cyber Crime Center. Instead, Sullivan's and Leavitt's testimonies were that the Cyber Crime Center's first priority was to maintain the integrity of the original hard drive. There is no basis to conclude *629 that the presence of the "bad sectors" are indicative of the Cyber Crime Center's failure to protect the integrity of Renfrow's original hard drive. Renfrow's claim under this heading is entirely meritless.

iii. The Cyber Crime Center's Fail-Safe Systems

¶ 33. Finally, Renfrow claims the circuit court should have suppressed the evidence that was obtained from his computer because the Cyber Crime Center did not have adequate fail-safe systems to protect the integrity of his original hard drive. Again, Renfrow completely mischaracterizes the evidence.

¶ 34. Investigator Gunter testified that Renfrow's computer was off when he first encountered it in Renfrow's home. Investigator Gunter simply unplugged Renfrow's computer when he seized it. He did not turn on Renfrow's computer to prevent the possibility of any alterations to Renfrow's hard drive. He placed evidence tape over the plug ports to the computer to prevent anyone from hooking the computer up and turning it on.

¶ 35. Sullivan and Leavitt testified in great detail regarding the Cyber Crime Center's fail-safe systems. They described how each aspect of the Cyber Crime Center's fail-safe systems and the investigative process were designed specifically to protect the integrity of an original hard drive. Sullivan removed the original hard drive and placed a write-blocking device on it to prevent any alterations to the original hard drive. Sullivan made an exact copy of the hard drive and examined the copy. The intended purpose behind examining the copy was to protect the integrity of the original hard drive. Leavitt made a similar duplicate copy for Renfrow's expert to examine. Again, the specific purpose of making a copy was to protect the integrity of the original evidence. Renfrow's attorney wanted to boot up the original hard drive so his expert could examine it. The State opposed Renfrow's request and explained that booting up the original hard drive would destroy the integrity of the original evidence. Suffice it to say, every step of the State's procedure to gather evidence from the original hard drive was designed to protect the integrity of the evidence. This issue, like the other two under this heading, is meritless.

3. Discrepancy in Serial Numbers

¶ 36. Renfrow draws our attention to a discrepancy in his serial number as it appears on his computer and the serial number that the Cyber Crime Center placed on an evidence receipt when Investigator Gunter delivered Renfrow's computer to the Cyber Crime Center. Renfrow makes mention of the discrepancy in his claim that the State failed to establish a chain of custody. For brevity's sake, we discuss that issue in a separate heading.

¶ 37. Renfrow's computer bore the serial number XXXXXXXXXX. When Leavitt filled out the evidence receipt, he listed the serial number as XXXXXXXXX. After the hearing on Renfrow's first volley of motions, the circuit court found that the discrepancy in the serial numbers was nothing more than a clerical error. Sullivan's report bore the same serial number that appeared on the computer. While Renfrow references the discrepancy in his brief and implies that the discrepancy somehow reflects on the State's chain of custody, he provides no argument to suggest that the circuit court erred when it found that the discrepancy in recording the computer's serial number was anything more than a clerical error involved with omitting one repetitive digit in the serial *630 number. Consequently, we do not find that the circuit court abused its discretion when it declined to suppress the evidence obtained from the computer simply due to a clerical error.

4. Chain of Custody

¶ 38. Next, Renfrow claims that the circuit court should have suppressed evidence that the State obtained from the copy of Renfrow's original hard drive because the State failed to demonstrate a proper chain of custody regarding his computer. Renfrow's reasoning is based on the same arguments he raises regarding the Cyber Crime Center's fail-safe systems, the presence of bad sectors on his original hard drive, and the number of people who had access to the Cyber Crime Center's vault. Renfrow does not claim that any specific portion of the chain of custody was insufficient. Accordingly, for brevity's sake, it is unnecessary to discuss the entire chain of custody when the argument for suppression is based on such a broad allegation.

¶ 39. Yet again, Renfrow's claim is based on a mischaracterization of the evidence. There was no testimony that "so many" people had access to the Cyber Crime Center's evidence vault. Instead, Sullivan testified that, depending on the actual date, either two or three people at any given time had a key to access the Cyber Crime Center's evidence vault. The State presented the Cyber Crime Center's evidence log. That log detailed each time either Renfrow's original hard drive or a copy of the original hard drive were removed from the Cyber Crime Center's vault. The evidence log also detailed who removed the original hard drive or a copy of the original hard drive. Because the State presented an adequate chain of custody and Renfrow failed to point out any specific inadequacy in that chain of custody, we find no merit to this allegation.

5. Duplicate Copy of the Hard Drive

¶ 40. In his final claim under this heading, Renfrow argues that the circuit court "erred in allowing the introduction of the copy of the hard drive as opposed to the original." There is no merit to this claim. Sullivan and Leavitt both explained why it was necessary to create a duplicate copy of the original hard drive and why it was necessary to test the duplicate. A forensic examination of Renfrow's original hard drive would have altered the original hard drive and, by extension, would have completely destroyed any evidentiary value of the original hard drive. To maintain the integrity of the original hard drive, it was necessary to create a forensic duplicate of the original hard drive and then conduct all examinations on the forensic duplicate. There is no merit to this claim.

B. RENFROW'S STATEMENT

¶ 41. Next, Renfrow argues that the circuit court erred when it did not suppress Investigator Gunter's statement regarding his recollection of his interview of Renfrow. In an effort to serve Renfrow with a capias, Investigator Gunter left a note on Renfrow's door and requested that Renfrow report to the Simpson County Sheriff's Department. Investigator Gunter's note only included a request that Renfrow go to the sheriff's department. Investigator Gunter's note did not mention the capias.

¶ 42. In any event, Renfrow went to the sheriff's department as requested. However, once there, Renfrow expressed his willingness to waive his rights and submit to an interview by Investigator Gunter. Renfrow executed a document and waived his rights. Investigator Gunter interviewed Renfrow while Sheriff Lewis sat-in *631 on the interview. Investigator Gunter intended to create a videotape of the interview.

¶ 43. After the interview, Investigator Gunter discovered that he had only obtained a video recording of Renfrow's interview. Investigator Gunter did not have any audio recording of the interview. Investigator Gunter then "immediately sat down and did a statement of facts to what he and Mr. Renfrow [had] talked about." Sheriff Lewis signed Investigator Gunter's recollection of the interview and indicated that he agreed with Investigator Gunter's recollection. According to Investigator Gunter, during the interview, Renfrow stated that he knew he had child pornography on his computer. However, he also stated that he obtained the child pornography inadvertently. According to Renfrow, people on the Internet sent the images without his solicitation of them.

¶ 44. Renfrow filed a motion to suppress Investigator Gunter's statement regarding the interview. The circuit court denied Renfrow's motion. Renfrow claims the circuit court erred. According to Renfrow, the circuit court should have suppressed Investigator Gunter's statement because: (1) it was not voluntary because Investigator Gunter enticed Renfrow to come to the sheriff's department; (2) Renfrow never signed the statement; and (3) it was not Renfrow's statement; instead, it was merely Investigator Gunter's recollection of what was said during Renfrow's interview.

¶ 45. As for Renfrow's claim that Investigator Gunter enticed him to go to the sheriff's department, Investigator Gunter merely left a note at Renfrow's house. In that note, Investigator Gunter requested that Renfrow go to the sheriff's department, but Investigator Gunter did not ask Renfrow to waive his rights or agree to be interviewed. There is no evidence that Investigator Gunter or anyone else promised Renfrow anything in exchange for his agreeing to be interviewed. There is no evidence that Renfrow went to the sheriff's department or agreed to be interviewed based on any enticement by Investigator Gunter or anyone else. We find no error in the circuit court's decision to deny suppressing Investigator Gunter's recollection statement based on Renfrow's allegation of enticement.

¶ 46. Renfrow claims that the circuit court should have suppressed Investigator Gunter's recollection of Renfrow's interview because it was not actually Renfrow's statement and Renfrow never signed Investigator Gunter's recollection statement. However, admissibility of an unsigned statement is an issue of the accuracy of a statement and not the voluntariness of a statement. Craft v. State, 380 So. 2d 251, 254 (Miss.1980). We find no merit to Renfrow's claim that the circuit court erred when it declined to suppress Investigator Gunter's recollection statement based on the fact that it was Investigator Gunter's recollection of the interview and Renfrow did not sign the statement. Those matters pertained to the weight and credibility of the statement, and those matters are for the jury to consider. "Matters concerning what weight and credibility to give to the evidence presented are to be decided by the jury." Walker v. State, 799 So. 2d 151, 153(¶ 4) (Miss.Ct.App.2001). It bears mentioning that Investigator Gunter's recollection of Renfrow's statements corroborated Renfrow's defense at trial. That is, Investigator Gunter noted that Renfrow said he did not solicit the images depicting child pornography and that Renfrow did not intentionally obtain the images. That was Renfrow's theory of the case. Accordingly, Renfrow was not prejudiced by the circuit court's decision to deny Renfrow's motion to suppress Investigator *632 Gunter's recollection of Renfrow's interview. This issue is without merit.

III. RENFROW'S MOTIONS FOR CONTINUANCE

¶ 47. On February 28, 2008, Renfrow filed a motion for a continuance. At that time, Renfrow's trial was scheduled for March 19, 2008. Renfrow requested a continuance so that his attorney would have time to review discovery that the State had provided on February 8, 2008. Renfrow also filed a motion to view the evidence. In that motion, Renfrow requested that the circuit court allow his computer expert to review Renfrow's hard drive. On March 7, 2008, the circuit court conducted a hearing on Renfrow's numerous pretrial motions. During that hearing, Renfrow's attorney complained that, although the State had provided its reports regarding the presence of child pornography on Renfrow's computer, Renfrow's computer expert had not had an opportunity to personally observe and review a copy of Renfrow's hard drive. The circuit court judge stated that he would "grant [Renfrow's] motion [to view the evidence] with respect to going and viewing the evidence." Accordingly, the circuit court judge instructed the State to provide Renfrow's attorney with dates that Renfrow's expert could go to the Cyber Crime Center and review a copy of Renfrow's hard drive. Additionally, the circuit court judge rescheduled Renfrow's trial date to March 27, 2008.

¶ 48. On March 19, 2008, Renfrow filed another motion for a continuance. In his second motion for a continuance, Renfrow claimed that he had "still been denied . . . access to all of the evidence of the State in this matter, more particularly, the original hard drive and the original computer intact as it was obtained." In other words, Renfrow requested that the circuit court continue his trial until his computer expert could inspect Renfrow's original hard drive after re-installing the hard drive in Renfrow's computer tower. On March 20, 2008, the circuit court conducted a hearing on Renfrow's second barrage of pretrial motions.

¶ 49. During the hearing on Renfrow's second motion for a continuance, the State vigorously objected to Renfrow's computer expert being allowed to re-install and inspect Renfrow's original hard drive. Leavitt testified during that hearing. Leavitt explained that Renfrow's expert would destroy the evidentiary value if she was allowed to install it in Renfrow's tower and boot it up.[3] Leavitt elaborated and testified that, if one were to boot up Renfrow's original hard drive without attaching the write-blocking device, "over 1,000 files would be changed immediately." The "registry files" would be modified, and the original data could never be recovered again. Leavitt explained that booting up the original hard drive would also change all of the "time date stamps" throughout the computer and the "log files would be changed, deleted, or recreated in some cases." Finally, Leavitt testified that if Renfrow's expert were allowed to do as Renfrow requested, that act would "certainly change the entire makeup of [Renfrow's] hard drive." On cross-examination, Leavitt explained that neither he nor anyone else who performs forensic examinations for the Cyber Crime Center ever examined an original hard drive or booted up a copy of a hard drive—much less an original hard drive—without using the previously-mentioned write blocker. The circuit court resolved the matter by instructing *633 the Cyber Crime Center to allow Renfrow's expert to create her own forensic duplicate copy of Renfrow's original hard drive. However, when Renfrow's expert appeared at the Cyber Crime Center, she was not equipped to prepare her own duplicate. Consequently, Leavitt prepared another duplicate copy of Renfrow's original hard drive as Renfrow's expert, Pate, observed. To summarize, Pate had access to two forensic duplicates of Renfrow's original hard drive.

¶ 50. Renfrow claims that the circuit court erred when it denied his motion for continuance. "Trial judges have wide latitude in deciding whether to grant continuances, and that decision is left to the sound discretion of the trial judge." Evans v. State, 899 So. 2d 890, 896(¶ 23) (Miss.Ct.App.2004) (quoting Adams v. State, 772 So. 2d 1010, 1014(¶ 16) (Miss. 2000)). A trial court's decision to deny a motion for a continuance is not reversible "unless manifest injustice appears to have resulted from the denial." Id.

¶ 51. First and foremost, Renfrow does not indicate what his attorney or his expert might have discovered if the circuit court would have granted his motion for a continuance. Additionally, the undisputed testimony during the hearing on Renfrow's second motion for a continuance was that Renfrow's expert would destroy the evidentiary value of the evidence if the circuit court consented to Renfrow's request. What is more, Renfrow seems to argue that, if the circuit court would have granted his second motion for a continuance, his attorney or his expert might have made some unspecified discovery that may or may not have benefitted his defense. Renfrow had no specific purpose in mind. He simply wanted more time to see if his expert could find something. The circuit court granted Renfrow's first motion for a continuance and gave Renfrow's expert more than one opportunity to review the same evidence that the State had. As the State notes, Renfrow's attorney presented no proof as to how he could have been better prepared to defend Renfrow if he would have had additional time to prepare for trial. Under the circumstances, we find that the circuit court did not abuse its discretion when it denied Renfrow's second motion for a continuance. Accordingly, we find no merit to this issue.

IV. SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE

¶ 52. Renfrow claims the evidence against him was insufficient to convict him of possession of child pornography. In summary, he argues that: he did not know those files were on his computer; he never sent the files to anyone; and he was a novice with using computers.

¶ 53. "A motion for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict is a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence." Gilbert v. State, 934 So. 2d 330, 335(¶ 9) (Miss.Ct.App.2006). As our Mississippi Supreme Court has stated:

in considering whether the evidence is sufficient to sustain a conviction in the face of a motion for directed verdict or for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, the critical inquiry is whether the evidence shows beyond a reasonable doubt that accused committed the act charged, and that he did so under such circumstances that every element of the offense existed; and where the evidence fails to meet this test it is insufficient to support a conviction. . . . [T]he relevant question is whether, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Should the facts and inferences considered in a challenge to the sufficiency of *634 the evidence point in favor of the defendant on any element of the offense with sufficient force that reasonable men could not have found beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant was guilty, the proper remedy is for the appellate court to reverse and render.
Bush v. State, 895 So. 2d 836, 843(¶ 16) (Miss.2005) (internal citations and quotations omitted). However, this Court will determine that there was sufficient evidence to sustain the jury's verdict if the evidence was "of such quality and weight that, having in mind the beyond a reasonable doubt burden of proof standard, reasonable fair-minded men in the exercise of impartial judgment might reach different conclusions on every element of the offense." Id. (internal citations and quotations omitted).

¶ 54. Renfrow was indicted for possession of child pornography in violation of Mississippi Code Annotated section 97-5-33(5). As mentioned, although section 97-5-33(5) does not contain a mens rea element, the language of the indictment included an allegation that Renfrow willfully possessed the images depicting child pornography.

¶ 55. It was undisputed that several images depicting child pornography were found on Renfrow's computer. Renfrow argued that he did not solicit the images at issue and that he obtained them inadvertently. According to Renfrow, he had limited knowledge about computers, and the images appeared on his computer after he clicked the word "attachment" at the bottom of the computer screen while using a "chat program" called ICQ. However, Renfrow also attempted to attribute the child pornography images to other sources. Pate, Renfrow's expert witness, testified that: (a) she found numerous viruses on the duplicate clone of Renfrow's hard drive; (b) she found a "porn net Trojan virus" on Renfrow's computer; (c) the "porn net Trojan virus" causes adult pornographic images pop up on a computer screen; (d) she found a "backdoor Trojan virus" that allows someone to take control of a computer without an owner's knowledge; (e) a "backdoor Trojan virus" can hide and disguise itself; and (f) Renfrow could have accepted the images without knowing exactly what they were.

¶ 56. However, there was no evidence that any of the computer viruses or other programs that Pate described actually transferred any of the images of child pornography. Pate's testimony in that regard was merely that the viruses or "Trojan" programs theoretically could have been the reason the images at issue were on Renfrow's computer. Pate's testimony was in stark contrast to Sullivan's testimony and Leavitt's testimony. Both Leavitt and Sullivan testified that viruses or "Trojan" programs were not responsible for placing the pornographic images of children on Renfrow's computer. Leavitt testified that, because Renfrow used a dial-up internet connection that used "dynamic IP addressing," it was impossible for someone to remotely control Renfrow's computer. Both Leavitt and Sullivan testified that Renfrow created a file under the title "PEDO" and stored the images at issue in that file. Leavitt testified that one of the images of child pornography was attached to an e-mail that was stored in Renfrow's "outbox." Renfrow's e-mail was protected by a password.

¶ 57. Additionally, the State's experts discovered e-mails that were sent from Renfrow's e-mail address. The only inference presented at trial was that Renfrow wrote the stories contained in each e-mail.[4]*635 One such e-mail included a story that Renfrow wrote in which a fifteen-year-old boy reminisced in extremely graphic detail how he became attracted to his pre-teen sister and eventually raped her. In a different e-mail, Renfrow wrote a story about a father who proudly reminisces in extremely graphic detail about the time he encouraged his twelve-year-old twin son and daughter to have sex with one another. In that story, the father molested both children, and after encouraging his twelve-year-old twin children to have sex with one another, the father committed statutory rape of his twelve-year-old daughter. The father continued to do so for months, until his daughter became pregnant. In the story within that e-mail, the father closed by describing how he held his granddaughter while hoping for more grandchildren so he could "educate" another generation of his family. In yet another e-mail, Renfrow wrote a story about an adult male who fondly described having sex with his pre-teen niece and daughter.

¶ 58. Finally, Dr. Larry Gibson, a physician certified in family medicine, testified that the images at issue depicted sexually explicit conduct involving girls as young as six or seven years old. According to Dr. Gibson, the eldest child depicted in the various images was approximately twelve years old.

¶ 59. We can confidently conclude that reasonable and fair-minded jurors could have found that the State proved each element of the offense as stated in the indictment beyond a reasonable doubt. Accordingly, we find that the circuit court did not abuse its discretion when it denied Renfrow's motion for a JNOV. We find no merit to this issue.

V. WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE

¶ 60. Renfrow claims the circuit court erred when it denied his motion for a new trial. According to Renfrow, the circuit court should have granted his motion for a new trial because the jury's verdict is contrary to the overwhelming weight of the evidence. We are mindful that, as we review the circuit court's decision to deny a motion for a new trial, this Court "will only disturb a verdict when it is so contrary to the overwhelming weight of the evidence that to allow it to stand would sanction an unconscionable injustice." Bush, 895 So.2d at 844(¶ 18). The supreme court has further instructed that, when reviewing a trial court's decision to deny a motion for a new trial:

the court sits as a thirteenth juror. The motion, however, is addressed to the discretion of the court, which should be exercised with caution, and the power to grant a new trial should be invoked only in exceptional cases in which the evidence preponderates heavily against the verdict. However, the evidence should be weighed in the light most favorable to the verdict. A reversal on the grounds that the verdict was against the overwhelming weight of the evidence, unlike a reversal based on insufficient evidence, does not mean that acquittal was the only proper verdict. Rather, as the "thirteenth juror," the court simply disagrees with the jury's resolution of the conflicting testimony. This difference of opinion does not signify acquittal any more than a disagreement among the jurors themselves. Instead, the proper remedy is to grant a new trial.
Id. (footnote and internal citations and quotations omitted).

*636 ¶ 61. To support this issue, Renfrow discusses the same matters that he discussed to support his challenge of the sufficiency of the evidence. Based on evidence discussed in the analysis under Renfrow's challenge of the sufficiency evidence, when viewed in the light most favorable to the verdict, we find that the jury's verdict was not so contrary to the overwhelming weight of the evidence that to allow it to stand would sanction an unconscionable injustice. We find no merit to this issue.

¶ 62. THE JUDGMENT OF THE SIMPSON COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT OF CONVICTION OF POSSESSION OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY AND SENTENCE OF FIFTEEN YEARS IN THE CUSTODY OF THE MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS IS AFFIRMED. ALL COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE ASSESSED TO THE APPELLANT.

KING, C.J., LEE AND MYERS, P.JJ., IRVING, GRIFFIS, BARNES, ISHEE, CARLTON AND MAXWELL, JJ., CONCUR.

NOTES

[1] We omit the children's names from this opinion to maintain their anonymity.

[2] Those allegations will be discussed in slightly greater detail as necessary. However, Renfrow was indicted for those allegations at the same time he was indicted for possession of child pornography. The State nolle prossed the inappropriate touching count of the indictment, and Renfrow has not been prosecuted for any alleged inappropriate touching of the children. Because there is still a possibility that Renfrow may be prosecuted for those allegations, we have avoided discussing them in any detail except as necessary. No portion of this opinion should be construed as a finding related to those potential allegations.

[3] Using forensic computer tools and programs, it is possible to compare an original hard drive to a forensic duplicate of a hard drive to test for consistency. However, those tools and programs avoid having to boot up an original hard drive.

[4] The State's experts found an e-mail from someone who was replying to an earlier e-mail from Renfrow. In Renfrow's earlier e-mail, Renfrow stated that he was writing stories about "very young girls" and that one of his stories was about "a father and his 9-year-old daughter." Renfrow also asked the recipient whether he was offended by incest.

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text: summary

text: and

text: indicated

text: that

text: he

text: shared

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: recollection

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: interview

text: On

text: October

text: the

text: Simpson

text: County

text: Grand

text: Jury

text: returned

text: an

text: indictment

text: against

text: Renfrow

text: charging

text: him

text: with

text: one

text: count

text: of

text: touching

text: a

text: child

text: inappropriately

text: in

text: violation

text: of

text: Mississippi

text: Code

text: Annotated

text: section

text: Rev

text: The

text: grand

text: jury

text: also

text: charged

text: Renfrow

text: with

text: one

text: count

text: of

text: willful

text: possession

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: Renfrow

text: waived

text: arraignment

text: and

text: pled

text: not

text: guilty

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: numerous

text: pretrial

text: motions

text: For

text: our

text: purposes

text: only

text: a

text: few

text: of

text: those

text: motions

text: are

text: noteworthy

text: On

text: February

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: a

text: motion

text: to

text: review

text: the

text: State

text: s

text: evidence

text: That

text: same

text: day

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: a

text: relatively

text: generic

text: motion

text: to

text: suppress

text: practically

text: any

text: evidence

text: the

text: State

text: obtained

text: from

text: any

text: source

text: On

text: February

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: a

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: Renfrow

text: requested

text: a

text: continuance

text: so

text: he

text: could

text: review

text: the

text: discovery

text: tendered

text: by

text: the

text: State

text: Renfrow

text: also

text: requested

text: that

text: he

text: and

text: his

text: computer

text: expert

text: be

text: allowed

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: that

text: was

text: removed

text: from

text: his

text: computer

text: On

text: March

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: an

text: amended

text: motion

text: to

text: suppress

text: the

text: State

text: s

text: evidence

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: amended

text: motion

text: to

text: suppress

text: was

text: identical

text: to

text: his

text: original

text: motion

text: to

text: suppress

text: However

text: Renfrow

text: added

text: a

text: claim

text: that

text: t

text: he

text: State

text: has

text: wholly

text: failed

text: to

text: protect

text: and

text: secure

text: the

text: evidence

text: obtained

text: from

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: and

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: contaminated

text: and

text: subjected

text: to

text: potential

text: virus

text: infection

text: On

text: March

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: conducted

text: a

text: hearing

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: first

text: series

text: of

text: pretrial

text: motions

text: The

text: events

text: that

text: transpired

text: during

text: the

text: hearing

text: on

text: those

text: motions

text: will

text: be

text: discussed

text: in

text: greater

text: detail

text: as

text: necessary

text: in

text: the

text: analysis

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: issues

text: Suffice

text: it

text: to

text: say

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: granted

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: so

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: expert

text: could

text: review

text: a

text: copy

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: hard

text: drive

text: The

text: circuit

text: court

text: rescheduled

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: trial

text: date

text: and

text: set

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: trial

text: for

text: March

text: However

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: also

text: denied

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: motions

text: to

text: suppress

text: the

text: evidence

text: During

text: the

text: March

text: hearing

text: Renfrow

text: moved

text: to

text: dismiss

text: the

text: indictment

text: Renfrow

text: argued

text: that

text: section

text: is

text: impermissibly

text: vague

text: because

text: it

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: a

text: mens

text: rea

text: component

text: The

text: State

text: pointed

text: out

text: that

text: while

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: mens

text: rea

text: component

text: listed

text: in

text: that

text: statutory

text: provision

text: the

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: indictment

text: required

text: the

text: State

text: to

text: prove

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: willfully

text: possessed

text: child

text: pornography

text: The

text: circuit

text: court

text: denied

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: motion

text: to

text: dismiss

text: the

text: indictment

text: and

text: noted

text: that

text: because

text: the

text: indictment

text: contained

text: the

text: allegation

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: willfully

text: possessed

text: child

text: pornography

text: the

text: State

text: would

text: be

text: obligated

text: to

text: prove

text: that

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: allegation

text: beyond

text: a

text: reasonable

text: doubt

text: Finally

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: rescheduled

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: trial

text: date

text: On

text: March

text: the

text: State

text: filed

text: a

text: document

text: titled

text: entry

text: of

text: nolle

text: prosequi

text: and

text: moved

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: dismiss

text: the

text: charge

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: inappropriately

text: touched

text: the

text: children

text: The

text: circuit

text: court

text: executed

text: the

text: consent

text: portion

text: of

text: that

text: document

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: day

text: On

text: March

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: three

text: new

text: pretrial

text: motions

text: Two

text: of

text: those

text: motions

text: are

text: pertinent

text: to

text: the

text: issues

text: on

text: appeal

text: The

text: first

text: of

text: those

text: pertinent

text: motions

text: was

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: second

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: March

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: although

text: the

text: State

text: provided

text: his

text: expert

text: with

text: access

text: to

text: an

text: exact

text: copy

text: of

text: the

text: hard

text: drive

text: the

text: State

text: had

text: not

text: given

text: his

text: expert

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: Additionally

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: a

text: renewed

text: motion

text: to

text: suppress

text: the

text: evidence

text: Renfrow

text: claimed

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: should

text: suppress

text: the

text: evidence

text: that

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: obtained

text: when

text: he

text: executed

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: The

text: most

text: significant

text: evidence

text: that

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: seized

text: was

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: and

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: that

text: was

text: obtained

text: from

text: his

text: computer

text: Renfrow

text: argued

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: appropriate

text: to

text: suppress

text: that

text: evidence

text: because

text: the

text: events

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: acquisition

text: of

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: occurred

text: nine

text: or

text: ten

text: months

text: before

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: sought

text: to

text: obtain

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: On

text: March

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: conducted

text: another

text: series

text: of

text: hearings

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: motions

text: After

text: some

text: discussion

text: it

text: was

text: resolved

text: that

text: the

text: State

text: would

text: allow

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: to

text: make

text: her

text: own

text: copy

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: conditions

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: make

text: her

text: copy

text: at

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: under

text: the

text: supervision

text: of

text: employees

text: of

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: who

text: would

text: ensure

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: maintained

text: the

text: evidentiary

text: integrity

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: However

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: did

text: not

text: grant

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: request

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: As

text: for

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: renewed

text: motion

text: to

text: suppress

text: the

text: evidence

text: obtained

text: by

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: found

text: that

text: although

text: the

text: children

text: indicated

text: that

text: the

text: alleged

text: inappropriate

text: touching

text: occurred

text: in

text: April

text: or

text: May

text: the

text: children

text: did

text: not

text: report

text: the

text: allegation

text: until

text: late

text: February

text: or

text: early

text: March

text: The

text: circuit

text: court

text: also

text: found

text: that

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: acted

text: on

text: the

text: allegations

text: as

text: soon

text: as

text: he

text: found

text: out

text: about

text: them

text: Accordingly

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: denied

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: renewed

text: motion

text: to

text: suppress

text: There

text: were

text: no

text: further

text: delays

text: and

text: Renfrow

text: went

text: to

text: trial

text: as

text: scheduled

text: The

text: events

text: that

text: transpired

text: at

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: trial

text: will

text: be

text: discussed

text: as

text: necessary

text: in

text: the

text: analysis

text: portion

text: of

text: this

text: opinion

text: As

text: previously

text: mentioned

text: the

text: jury

text: found

text: Renfrow

text: guilty

text: of

text: possession

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: Following

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: unsuccessful

text: post

text: trial

text: motions

text: for

text: a

text: judgment

text: notwithstanding

text: the

text: verdict

text: JNOV

text: or

text: alternatively

text: a

text: new

text: trial

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: sentenced

text: Renfrow

text: to

text: fifteen

text: years

text: in

text: the

text: custody

text: of

text: the

text: MDOC

text: Aggrieved

text: Renfrow

text: appeals

text: We

text: have

text: restructured

text: the

text: issues

text: and

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: arguments

text: to

text: provide

text: greater

text: clarity

text: as

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: claims

text: require

text: significantly

text: more

text: separate

text: discussions

text: than

text: the

text: six

text: issues

text: he

text: lists

text: ANALYSIS

text: I

text: RENFROW

text: S

text: MOTION

text: TO

text: DISMISS

text: THE

text: INDICTMENT

text: Count

text: II

text: of

text: the

text: indictment

text: charged

text: Renfrow

text: with

text: violating

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: Code

text: which

text: states

text: that

text: n

text: o

text: person

text: shall

text: by

text: any

text: means

text: including

text: computer

text: possess

text: any

text: photograph

text: drawing

text: sketch

text: film

text: video

text: tape

text: or

text: other

text: visual

text: depiction

text: of

text: an

text: actual

text: child

text: engaging

text: in

text: sexually

text: explicit

text: conduct

text: Miss

text: Code

text: Ann

text: Renfrow

text: moved

text: to

text: dismiss

text: Count

text: II

text: of

text: the

text: indictment

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: that

text: section

text: is

text: unconstitutionally

text: vague

text: The

text: circuit

text: court

text: denied

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: motion

text: and

text: held

text: as

text: follows

text: I

text: agree

text: subsection

text: of

text: does

text: not

text: contain

text: the

text: word

text: knowingly

text: or

text: willfully

text: or

text: anything

text: like

text: that

text: In

text: a

text: sense

text: the

text: indictment

text: which

text: does

text: contain

text: the

text: word

text: willfully

text: and

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: equated

text: numerous

text: times

text: dozens

text: if

text: not

text: hundreds

text: of

text: times

text: with

text: knowingly

text: in

text: all

text: kinds

text: of

text: different

text: cases

text: by

text: our

text: supreme

text: court

text: The

text: indictment

text: in

text: effect

text: puts

text: more

text: burden

text: on

text: the

text: State

text: than

text: the

text: statute

text: does

text: The

text: State

text: has

text: nailed

text: themselves

text: down

text: to

text: proving

text: that

text: the

text: defendant

text: willfully

text: i

text: e

text: knowingly

text: possessed

text: this

text: alleged

text: child

text: pornography

text: The

text: statute

text: doesn

text: t

text: say

text: they

text: have

text: to

text: do

text: it

text: but

text: the

text: indictment

text: does

text: So

text: that

text: s

text: what

text: you

text: re

text: stuck

text: with

text: So

text: for

text: this

text: case

text: that

text: motion

text: is

text: denied

text: Renfrow

text: claims

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: erred

text: Our

text: supreme

text: court

text: has

text: directed

text: that

text: upon

text: review

text: of

text: a

text: circuit

text: court

text: s

text: decision

text: to

text: deny

text: a

text: motion

text: to

text: dismiss

text: the

text: indictment

text: based

text: on

text: a

text: claim

text: that

text: a

text: statute

text: is

text: unconstitutionally

text: vague

text: the

text: appropriate

text: test

text: is

text: to

text: determine

text: whether

text: the

text: statute

text: defines

text: the

text: criminal

text: offense

text: with

text: sufficient

text: definiteness

text: such

text: that

text: a

text: person

text: of

text: ordinary

text: intelligence

text: has

text: fair

text: notice

text: of

text: what

text: conduct

text: is

text: prohibited

text: Lewis

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: Renfrow

text: notes

text: that

text: section

text: and

text: contain

text: a

text: mens

text: rea

text: aspect

text: but

text: section

text: does

text: not

text: contain

text: a

text: mens

text: rea

text: aspect

text: According

text: to

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: logic

text: to

text: allow

text: this

text: section

text: to

text: stand

text: as

text: written

text: without

text: requiring

text: some

text: mental

text: element

text: on

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: defendant

text: would

text: be

text: tantamount

text: to

text: not

text: affording

text: a

text: person

text: of

text: ordinary

text: intelligence

text: sic

text: fair

text: notice

text: of

text: exactly

text: what

text: conduct

text: is

text: prohibited

text: Renfrow

text: also

text: argues

text: that

text: section

text: as

text: written

text: punishes

text: people

text: who

text: have

text: unintentionally

text: or

text: unknowingly

text: had

text: child

text: pornography

text: placed

text: on

text: their

text: computers

text: through

text: computer

text: viruses

text: or

text: computer

text: hackers

text: There

text: can

text: be

text: no

text: doubt

text: that

text: a

text: criminal

text: statute

text: is

text: not

text: unconstitutionally

text: vague

text: solely

text: because

text: it

text: does

text: not

text: contain

text: a

text: mens

text: rea

text: element

text: The

text: Legislature

text: may

text: define

text: a

text: crime

text: which

text: depends

text: on

text: no

text: mental

text: element

text: and

text: consists

text: only

text: of

text: forbidden

text: acts

text: or

text: omissions

text: Roberson

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: quoting

text: Wright

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: In

text: that

text: instance

text: the

text: intent

text: to

text: do

text: the

text: forbidden

text: act

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: intent

text: necessary

text: to

text: complete

text: the

text: offense

text: Id

text: However

text: our

text: decision

text: need

text: not

text: turn

text: on

text: whether

text: section

text: is

text: unconstitutionally

text: vague

text: simply

text: because

text: it

text: does

text: not

text: contain

text: a

text: mens

text: rea

text: element

text: The

text: State

text: charged

text: Renfrow

text: with

text: willful

text: possession

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: That

text: is

text: Count

text: II

text: of

text: the

text: indictment

text: against

text: Renfrow

text: contained

text: language

text: that

text: included

text: an

text: allegation

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: willfully

text: possessed

text: child

text: pornography

text: By

text: including

text: that

text: language

text: the

text: State

text: imposed

text: a

text: mens

text: rea

text: requirement

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: obligated

text: to

text: prove

text: that

text: aspect

text: of

text: the

text: charge

text: beyond

text: a

text: reasonable

text: doubt

text: Consequently

text: under

text: the

text: circumstances

text: it

text: is

text: irrelevant

text: that

text: section

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: a

text: mens

text: rea

text: element

text: We

text: find

text: no

text: merit

text: to

text: this

text: issue

text: II

text: RENFROW

text: S

text: ATTEMPTS

text: TO

text: SUPPRESS

text: THE

text: EVIDENCE

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: multiple

text: motions

text: intended

text: to

text: suppress

text: the

text: evidence

text: against

text: him

text: Based

text: on

text: several

text: different

text: rationales

text: Renfrow

text: vigorously

text: attempted

text: to

text: suppress

text: the

text: evidence

text: that

text: was

text: obtained

text: from

text: his

text: computer

text: Renfrow

text: also

text: attempted

text: to

text: suppress

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: written

text: recollection

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: March

text: interview

text: For

text: clarity

text: s

text: sake

text: we

text: have

text: restructured

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: issues

text: and

text: the

text: various

text: lines

text: of

text: reasoning

text: for

text: those

text: issues

text: As

text: we

text: review

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: litany

text: of

text: arguments

text: under

text: these

text: issues

text: we

text: are

text: mindful

text: of

text: our

text: standard

text: of

text: review

text: The

text: standard

text: of

text: review

text: regarding

text: the

text: admission

text: or

text: exclusion

text: of

text: evidence

text: is

text: abuse

text: of

text: discretion

text: Terrell

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: Ct

text: App

text: We

text: will

text: only

text: find

text: an

text: abuse

text: of

text: discretion

text: if

text: a

text: defendant

text: shows

text: clear

text: prejudice

text: resulting

text: from

text: an

text: undue

text: lack

text: of

text: constraint

text: on

text: the

text: prosecution

text: or

text: undue

text: constraint

text: on

text: the

text: defense

text: Id

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: t

text: his

text: Court

text: shall

text: not

text: disturb

text: a

text: trial

text: court

text: s

text: decision

text: unless

text: it

text: is

text: clearly

text: wrong

text: Id

text: A

text: RENFROW

text: S

text: COMPUTER

text: Renfrow

text: repeatedly

text: sought

text: to

text: suppress

text: any

text: and

text: all

text: evidence

text: that

text: the

text: State

text: obtained

text: from

text: his

text: computer

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: reasoning

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: following

text: concepts

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: probable

text: cause

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text: issue

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: because

text: the

text: events

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: decision

text: to

text: obtain

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: occurred

text: long

text: before

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: sought

text: to

text: obtain

text: the

text: warrant

text: his

text: computer

text: was

text: contaminated

text: by

text: viruses

text: while

text: it

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: State

text: s

text: custody

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: discrepancy

text: between

text: the

text: computer

text: s

text: actual

text: serial

text: number

text: and

text: the

text: serial

text: number

text: as

text: recorded

text: by

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: and

text: the

text: State

text: failed

text: to

text: establish

text: a

text: proper

text: chain

text: of

text: custody

text: We

text: discuss

text: each

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: arguments

text: in

text: turn

text: Probable

text: Cause

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text: the

text: Search

text: Warrant

text: Renfrow

text: claims

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: probable

text: cause

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text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: that

text: allowed

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: to

text: seize

text: the

text: computer

text: We

text: must

text: exercise

text: caution

text: while

text: discussing

text: this

text: claim

text: because

text: the

text: State

text: dismissed

text: count

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: count

text: indictment

text: by

text: nolle

text: prosequi

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: still

text: a

text: possibility

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text: the

text: State

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text: indict

text: Renfrow

text: for

text: those

text: allegations

text: In

text: any

text: event

text: Renfrow

text: contends

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text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: erred

text: when

text: it

text: did

text: not

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text: that

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: probable

text: cause

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text: issue

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: because

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: two

text: children

text: central

text: to

text: this

text: case

text: the

text: alleged

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text: occurred

text: nine

text: or

text: ten

text: months

text: before

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: sought

text: to

text: obtain

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: The

text: circuit

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text: judge

text: stated

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text: motion

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text: narrow

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text: find

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text: to

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text: information

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text: given

text: by

text: two

text: young

text: children

text: almost

text: one

text: year

text: after

text: the

text: alleged

text: incident

text: and

text: it

text: cannot

text: be

text: deemed

text: credible

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text: they

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text: date

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text: alleged

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text: the

text: time

text: lapse

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text: search

text: warrant

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text: reviewing

text: a

text: finding

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text: probable

text: cause

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text: warrant

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text: a

text: de

text: novo

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text: cause

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text: a

text: substantial

text: basis

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text: the

text: magistrate

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text: determination

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text: quotations

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text: task

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text: issuing

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text: simply

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text: make

text: a

text: practical

text: common

text: sense

text: decision

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text: on

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text: the

text: circumstances

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text: forth

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text: the

text: affidavit

text: before

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text: including

text: the

text: veracity

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text: basis

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text: knowledge

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text: supplying

text: hearsay

text: information

text: Id

text: at

text: Renfrow

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text: that

text: because

text: the

text: children

text: at

text: issue

text: did

text: not

text: notify

text: an

text: adult

text: of

text: the

text: alleged

text: inappropriate

text: touching

text: and

text: the

text: images

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: for

text: approximately

text: ten

text: or

text: eleven

text: months

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: probable

text: cause

text: for

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: S

text: taleness

text: of

text: information

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text: be

text: a

text: defect

text: in

text: probable

text: cause

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text: warrants

text: Flake

text: v

text: State

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text: d

text: Miss

text: Ct

text: App

text: However

text: t

text: he

text: determination

text: of

text: factual

text: currency

text: in

text: the

text: affidavit

text: for

text: a

text: search

text: warrant

text: would

text: be

text: but

text: one

text: factor

text: in

text: the

text: totality

text: of

text: the

text: circumstances

text: for

text: establishing

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: probable

text: cause

text: Id

text: Although

text: it

text: is

text: true

text: that

text: the

text: children

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: underlying

text: alleged

text: incident

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text: that

text: Renfrow

text: showed

text: them

text: pictures

text: of

text: naked

text: adults

text: and

text: children

text: on

text: his

text: computer

text: and

text: suggested

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: may

text: have

text: touched

text: them

text: inappropriately

text: sometime

text: in

text: April

text: or

text: May

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: analysis

text: Authorities

text: were

text: unaware

text: of

text: the

text: allegation

text: until

text: March

text: As

text: mentioned

text: Erwin

text: a

text: child

text: advocacy

text: counselor

text: interviewed

text: the

text: children

text: promptly

text: after

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: first

text: gave

text: a

text: school

text: counselor

text: reason

text: for

text: concern

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: promptly

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text: a

text: copy

text: of

text: the

text: videotape

text: of

text: Erwin

text: s

text: interviews

text: After

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: watched

text: the

text: interview

text: he

text: promptly

text: sought

text: to

text: obtain

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: The

text: probable

text: cause

text: for

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: was

text: not

text: rendered

text: stale

text: simply

text: because

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: first

text: discovered

text: the

text: allegations

text: nine

text: or

text: ten

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: alleged

text: incident

text: occurred

text: This

text: is

text: especially

text: true

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: allegations

text: by

text: small

text: children

text: who

text: may

text: be

text: too

text: ashamed

text: or

text: frightened

text: to

text: inform

text: others

text: that

text: something

text: inappropriate

text: may

text: have

text: occurred

text: because

text: they

text: were

text: expressly

text: ordered

text: or

text: threatened

text: to

text: remain

text: silent

text: Based

text: on

text: the

text: totality

text: of

text: the

text: circumstances

text: we

text: find

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: substantial

text: basis

text: for

text: the

text: issuance

text: of

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: Additionally

text: it

text: was

text: reasonable

text: for

text: the

text: judge

text: who

text: issued

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: to

text: conclude

text: that

text: images

text: on

text: a

text: computer

text: could

text: still

text: be

text: recovered

text: by

text: forensic

text: methods

text: nine

text: or

text: ten

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: children

text: saw

text: them

text: Sullivan

text: s

text: examination

text: report

text: stated

text: that

text: she

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: recover

text: all

text: available

text: files

text: including

text: those

text: previously

text: deleted

text: Accordingly

text: because

text: the

text: images

text: were

text: stored

text: on

text: a

text: computer

text: the

text: probable

text: cause

text: for

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: search

text: warrant

text: was

text: not

text: rendered

text: stale

text: by

text: the

text: passage

text: of

text: time

text: We

text: find

text: no

text: merit

text: to

text: this

text: issue

text: Integrity

text: of

text: the

text: Original

text: Hard

text: Drive

text: Renfrow

text: claims

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: should

text: have

text: prohibited

text: the

text: State

text: from

text: introducing

text: any

text: evidence

text: that

text: was

text: obtained

text: from

text: his

text: computer

text: because

text: the

text: State

text: failed

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: integrity

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: Renfrow

text: contends

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: three

text: reasons

text: to

text: conclude

text: that

text: the

text: State

text: failed

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: integrity

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: the

text: possibility

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: hard

text: drive

text: was

text: exposed

text: to

text: virus

text: contamination

text: while

text: in

text: the

text: custody

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text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: the

text: presence

text: of

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text: bad

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text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

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text: and

text: his

text: allegation

text: that

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: sufficient

text: fail

text: safe

text: system

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: integrity

text: of

text: the

text: original

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text: Virus

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text: Renfrow

text: claims

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: should

text: have

text: suppressed

text: the

text: evidence

text: that

text: was

text: obtained

text: from

text: his

text: computer

text: because

text: the

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: might

text: have

text: been

text: exposed

text: to

text: virus

text: contamination

text: while

text: it

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: State

text: s

text: custody

text: According

text: to

text: Renfrow

text: his

text: original

text: hard

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text: was

text: probably

text: contaminated

text: while

text: it

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: s

text: custody

text: because

text: so

text: many

text: people

text: had

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: evidence

text: vault

text: and

text: made

text: copies

text: from

text: the

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: First

text: and

text: foremost

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: statement

text: is

text: a

text: mischaracterization

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

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text: expert

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text: from

text: the

text: Cyber

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text: two

text: or

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text: people

text: had

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: Cyber

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text: s

text: vault

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text: any

text: given

text: time

text: Moreover

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: argument

text: under

text: this

text: heading

text: is

text: purely

text: speculative

text: There

text: is

text: absolutely

text: no

text: evidence

text: in

text: the

text: record

text: that

text: either

text: the

text: original

text: or

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text: of

text: the

text: forensic

text: duplicate

text: copies

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: hard

text: drive

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text: exposed

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text: computer

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text: in

text: the

text: State

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text: custody

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text: there

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text: testimony

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text: there

text: were

text: viruses

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text: Trojan

text: programs

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: evidence

text: that

text: those

text: items

text: first

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text: the

text: original

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text: it

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: State

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text: custody

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text: only

text: reasonable

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text: that

text: those

text: items

text: were

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

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text: when

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: seized

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: entire

text: computer

text: There

text: was

text: no

text: testimony

text: that

text: those

text: items

text: were

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text: Renfrow

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text: Investigator

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text: Renfrow

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text: computer

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text: was

text: no

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text: the

text: State

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text: expert

text: witnesses

text: testified

text: that

text: their

text: use

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text: write

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text: prevented

text: any

text: alterations

text: to

text: Renfrow

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text: original

text: hard

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text: Renfrow

text: never

text: presented

text: any

text: evidence

text: to

text: the

text: contrary

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text: is

text: no

text: merit

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text: purely

text: speculative

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text: on

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text: Original

text: Hard

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text: Renfrow

text: s

text: next

text: argument

text: under

text: this

text: heading

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text: presence

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text: original

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text: support

text: his

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text: the

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text: Renfrow

text: references

text: a

text: portion

text: of

text: Leavitt

text: s

text: testimony

text: in

text: which

text: Leavitt

text: testified

text: that

text: there

text: were

text: two

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text: Renfrow

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text: original

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text: Renfrow

text: states

text: that

text: Leavitt

text: testified

text: that

text: the

text: damaged

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text: have

text: something

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text: do

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text: the

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text: Leavitt

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text: inaccurate

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text: remainder

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text: Leavitt

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text: testimony

text: Leavitt

text: testified

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text: he

text: found

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text: Renfrow

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text: hard

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text: The

text: State

text: asked

text: Leavitt

text: to

text: elaborate

text: on

text: what

text: the

text: bad

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text: Leavitt

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text: bad

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text: type

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text: damage

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text: the

text: hard

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text: These

text: are

text: electronic

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text: have

text: physical

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text: and

text: they

text: become

text: damaged

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text: like

text: maybe

text: your

text: cassette

text: tape

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text: you

text: listen

text: to

text: in

text: the

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text: could

text: get

text: damaged

text: where

text: you

text: couldn

text: t

text: hear

text: it

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text: s

text: the

text: same

text: way

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text: portions

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text: the

text: hard

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text: can

text: become

text: damaged

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text: be

text: unusuable

text: by

text: the

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text: hardware

text: Leavitt

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: testify

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: uncommon

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text: Leavitt

text: explained

text: that

text: he

text: examined

text: the

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text: there

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text: Leavitt

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text: that

text: the

text: two

text: damaged

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text: have

text: held

text: very

text: little

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text: The

text: State

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text: Leavitt

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text: could

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text: stored

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text: stored

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text: Leavitt

text: explained

text: that

text: the

text: two

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text: crumb

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text: an

text: entire

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text: cross

text: examination

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: attorney

text: asked

text: Leavitt

text: whether

text: the

text: two

text: bad

text: sectors

text: would

text: influence

text: the

text: way

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: operated

text: Leavitt

text: testified

text: that

text: they

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text: s

text: computer

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text: drive

text: operated

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text: hard

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text: would

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text: two

text: damaged

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text: simply

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text: the

text: next

text: undamaged

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text: the

text: hard

text: drive

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: attorney

text: never

text: asked

text: Leavitt

text: to

text: testify

text: as

text: to

text: how

text: the

text: bad

text: sectors

text: might

text: have

text: become

text: damaged

text: Additionally

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: expert

text: Nannette

text: Pate

text: did

text: not

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text: presence

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text: bad

text: sectors

text: during

text: her

text: testimony

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text: a

text: result

text: there

text: was

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text: Renfrow

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text: was

text: in

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text: custody

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text: Simpson

text: County

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text: Department

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text: Cyber

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text: Sullivan

text: s

text: and

text: Leavitt

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text: testimonies

text: were

text: that

text: the

text: Cyber

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text: s

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text: to

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text: the

text: integrity

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text: hard

text: drive

text: There

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text: basis

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text: are

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text: Cyber

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text: s

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text: Renfrow

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text: hard

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text: Renfrow

text: s

text: claim

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text: iii

text: The

text: Cyber

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text: Fail

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text: Renfrow

text: claims

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text: evidence

text: that

text: was

text: obtained

text: from

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text: computer

text: because

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

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text: did

text: not

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text: the

text: integrity

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text: his

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text: hard

text: drive

text: Again

text: Renfrow

text: completely

text: mischaracterizes

text: the

text: evidence

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

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text: computer

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text: off

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text: possibility

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text: placed

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text: Sullivan

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text: Leavitt

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text: fail

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text: described

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text: fail

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text: investigative

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text: integrity

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text: original

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text: exact

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text: expert

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text: step

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text: procedure

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text: evidence

text: This

text: issue

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text: under

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text: Discrepancy

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text: Renfrow

text: draws

text: our

text: attention

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text: discrepancy

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text: Investigator

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text: discrepancy

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text: claim

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text: State

text: failed

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text: brevity

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text: serial

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text: XXXXXXXXXX

text: When

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text: evidence

text: that

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: or

text: anyone

text: else

text: promised

text: Renfrow

text: anything

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: his

text: agreeing

text: to

text: be

text: interviewed

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: evidence

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: went

text: to

text: the

text: sheriff

text: s

text: department

text: or

text: agreed

text: to

text: be

text: interviewed

text: based

text: on

text: any

text: enticement

text: by

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: or

text: anyone

text: else

text: We

text: find

text: no

text: error

text: in

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: s

text: decision

text: to

text: deny

text: suppressing

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: recollection

text: statement

text: based

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: allegation

text: of

text: enticement

text: Renfrow

text: claims

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: should

text: have

text: suppressed

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: recollection

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: interview

text: because

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: actually

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: statement

text: and

text: Renfrow

text: never

text: signed

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: recollection

text: statement

text: However

text: admissibility

text: of

text: an

text: unsigned

text: statement

text: is

text: an

text: issue

text: of

text: the

text: accuracy

text: of

text: a

text: statement

text: and

text: not

text: the

text: voluntariness

text: of

text: a

text: statement

text: Craft

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: We

text: find

text: no

text: merit

text: to

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: claim

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: erred

text: when

text: it

text: declined

text: to

text: suppress

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: recollection

text: statement

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: recollection

text: of

text: the

text: interview

text: and

text: Renfrow

text: did

text: not

text: sign

text: the

text: statement

text: Those

text: matters

text: pertained

text: to

text: the

text: weight

text: and

text: credibility

text: of

text: the

text: statement

text: and

text: those

text: matters

text: are

text: for

text: the

text: jury

text: to

text: consider

text: Matters

text: concerning

text: what

text: weight

text: and

text: credibility

text: to

text: give

text: to

text: the

text: evidence

text: presented

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: decided

text: by

text: the

text: jury

text: Walker

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: Ct

text: App

text: It

text: bears

text: mentioning

text: that

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: recollection

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: statements

text: corroborated

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: defense

text: at

text: trial

text: That

text: is

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: noted

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: said

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: solicit

text: the

text: images

text: depicting

text: child

text: pornography

text: and

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: did

text: not

text: intentionally

text: obtain

text: the

text: images

text: That

text: was

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: theory

text: of

text: the

text: case

text: Accordingly

text: Renfrow

text: was

text: not

text: prejudiced

text: by

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: s

text: decision

text: to

text: deny

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: motion

text: to

text: suppress

text: Investigator

text: Gunter

text: s

text: recollection

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: interview

text: This

text: issue

text: is

text: without

text: merit

text: III

text: RENFROW

text: S

text: MOTIONS

text: FOR

text: CONTINUANCE

text: On

text: February

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: a

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: At

text: that

text: time

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: trial

text: was

text: scheduled

text: for

text: March

text: Renfrow

text: requested

text: a

text: continuance

text: so

text: that

text: his

text: attorney

text: would

text: have

text: time

text: to

text: review

text: discovery

text: that

text: the

text: State

text: had

text: provided

text: on

text: February

text: Renfrow

text: also

text: filed

text: a

text: motion

text: to

text: view

text: the

text: evidence

text: In

text: that

text: motion

text: Renfrow

text: requested

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: allow

text: his

text: computer

text: expert

text: to

text: review

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: hard

text: drive

text: On

text: March

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: conducted

text: a

text: hearing

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: numerous

text: pretrial

text: motions

text: During

text: that

text: hearing

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: attorney

text: complained

text: that

text: although

text: the

text: State

text: had

text: provided

text: its

text: reports

text: regarding

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: expert

text: had

text: not

text: had

text: an

text: opportunity

text: to

text: personally

text: observe

text: and

text: review

text: a

text: copy

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: hard

text: drive

text: The

text: circuit

text: court

text: judge

text: stated

text: that

text: he

text: would

text: grant

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: motion

text: to

text: view

text: the

text: evidence

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: going

text: and

text: viewing

text: the

text: evidence

text: Accordingly

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: judge

text: instructed

text: the

text: State

text: to

text: provide

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: attorney

text: with

text: dates

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: could

text: go

text: to

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: and

text: review

text: a

text: copy

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: hard

text: drive

text: Additionally

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: judge

text: rescheduled

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: trial

text: date

text: to

text: March

text: On

text: March

text: Renfrow

text: filed

text: another

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: In

text: his

text: second

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: Renfrow

text: claimed

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: still

text: been

text: denied

text: access

text: to

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: in

text: this

text: matter

text: more

text: particularly

text: the

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: computer

text: intact

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: obtained

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: Renfrow

text: requested

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: continue

text: his

text: trial

text: until

text: his

text: computer

text: expert

text: could

text: inspect

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: after

text: re

text: installing

text: the

text: hard

text: drive

text: in

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: tower

text: On

text: March

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: conducted

text: a

text: hearing

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: second

text: barrage

text: of

text: pretrial

text: motions

text: During

text: the

text: hearing

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: second

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: the

text: State

text: vigorously

text: objected

text: to

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: expert

text: being

text: allowed

text: to

text: re

text: install

text: and

text: inspect

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: Leavitt

text: testified

text: during

text: that

text: hearing

text: Leavitt

text: explained

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: would

text: destroy

text: the

text: evidentiary

text: value

text: if

text: she

text: was

text: allowed

text: to

text: install

text: it

text: in

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: tower

text: and

text: boot

text: it

text: up

text: Leavitt

text: elaborated

text: and

text: testified

text: that

text: if

text: one

text: were

text: to

text: boot

text: up

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: without

text: attaching

text: the

text: write

text: blocking

text: device

text: over

text: files

text: would

text: be

text: changed

text: immediately

text: The

text: registry

text: files

text: would

text: be

text: modified

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: data

text: could

text: never

text: be

text: recovered

text: again

text: Leavitt

text: explained

text: that

text: booting

text: up

text: the

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: would

text: also

text: change

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: date

text: stamps

text: throughout

text: the

text: computer

text: and

text: the

text: log

text: files

text: would

text: be

text: changed

text: deleted

text: or

text: recreated

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: Finally

text: Leavitt

text: testified

text: that

text: if

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: were

text: allowed

text: to

text: do

text: as

text: Renfrow

text: requested

text: that

text: act

text: would

text: certainly

text: change

text: the

text: entire

text: makeup

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: hard

text: drive

text: On

text: cross

text: examination

text: Leavitt

text: explained

text: that

text: neither

text: he

text: nor

text: anyone

text: else

text: who

text: performs

text: forensic

text: examinations

text: for

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: ever

text: examined

text: an

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: or

text: booted

text: up

text: a

text: copy

text: of

text: a

text: hard

text: drive

text: much

text: less

text: an

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: without

text: using

text: the

text: previously

text: mentioned

text: write

text: blocker

text: The

text: circuit

text: court

text: resolved

text: the

text: matter

text: by

text: instructing

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: to

text: allow

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: to

text: create

text: her

text: own

text: forensic

text: duplicate

text: copy

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: However

text: when

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: appeared

text: at

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Crime

text: Center

text: she

text: was

text: not

text: equipped

text: to

text: prepare

text: her

text: own

text: duplicate

text: Consequently

text: Leavitt

text: prepared

text: another

text: duplicate

text: copy

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: as

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: Pate

text: observed

text: To

text: summarize

text: Pate

text: had

text: access

text: to

text: two

text: forensic

text: duplicates

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: Renfrow

text: claims

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: erred

text: when

text: it

text: denied

text: his

text: motion

text: for

text: continuance

text: Trial

text: judges

text: have

text: wide

text: latitude

text: in

text: deciding

text: whether

text: to

text: grant

text: continuances

text: and

text: that

text: decision

text: is

text: left

text: to

text: the

text: sound

text: discretion

text: of

text: the

text: trial

text: judge

text: Evans

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: Ct

text: App

text: quoting

text: Adams

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: A

text: trial

text: court

text: s

text: decision

text: to

text: deny

text: a

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: is

text: not

text: reversible

text: unless

text: manifest

text: injustice

text: appears

text: to

text: have

text: resulted

text: from

text: the

text: denial

text: Id

text: First

text: and

text: foremost

text: Renfrow

text: does

text: not

text: indicate

text: what

text: his

text: attorney

text: or

text: his

text: expert

text: might

text: have

text: discovered

text: if

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: would

text: have

text: granted

text: his

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: Additionally

text: the

text: undisputed

text: testimony

text: during

text: the

text: hearing

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: second

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: was

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: would

text: destroy

text: the

text: evidentiary

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: if

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: consented

text: to

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: request

text: What

text: is

text: more

text: Renfrow

text: seems

text: to

text: argue

text: that

text: if

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: would

text: have

text: granted

text: his

text: second

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: his

text: attorney

text: or

text: his

text: expert

text: might

text: have

text: made

text: some

text: unspecified

text: discovery

text: that

text: may

text: or

text: may

text: not

text: have

text: benefitted

text: his

text: defense

text: Renfrow

text: had

text: no

text: specific

text: purpose

text: in

text: mind

text: He

text: simply

text: wanted

text: more

text: time

text: to

text: see

text: if

text: his

text: expert

text: could

text: find

text: something

text: The

text: circuit

text: court

text: granted

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: first

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: and

text: gave

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: opportunity

text: to

text: review

text: the

text: same

text: evidence

text: that

text: the

text: State

text: had

text: As

text: the

text: State

text: notes

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: attorney

text: presented

text: no

text: proof

text: as

text: to

text: how

text: he

text: could

text: have

text: been

text: better

text: prepared

text: to

text: defend

text: Renfrow

text: if

text: he

text: would

text: have

text: had

text: additional

text: time

text: to

text: prepare

text: for

text: trial

text: Under

text: the

text: circumstances

text: we

text: find

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: did

text: not

text: abuse

text: its

text: discretion

text: when

text: it

text: denied

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: second

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: continuance

text: Accordingly

text: we

text: find

text: no

text: merit

text: to

text: this

text: issue

text: IV

text: SUFFICIENCY

text: OF

text: THE

text: EVIDENCE

text: Renfrow

text: claims

text: the

text: evidence

text: against

text: him

text: was

text: insufficient

text: to

text: convict

text: him

text: of

text: possession

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: In

text: summary

text: he

text: argues

text: that

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: know

text: those

text: files

text: were

text: on

text: his

text: computer

text: he

text: never

text: sent

text: the

text: files

text: to

text: anyone

text: and

text: he

text: was

text: a

text: novice

text: with

text: using

text: computers

text: A

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: judgment

text: notwithstanding

text: the

text: verdict

text: is

text: a

text: challenge

text: to

text: the

text: sufficiency

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: Gilbert

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: Ct

text: App

text: As

text: our

text: Mississippi

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: has

text: stated

text: in

text: considering

text: whether

text: the

text: evidence

text: is

text: sufficient

text: to

text: sustain

text: a

text: conviction

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: a

text: motion

text: for

text: directed

text: verdict

text: or

text: for

text: judgment

text: notwithstanding

text: the

text: verdict

text: the

text: critical

text: inquiry

text: is

text: whether

text: the

text: evidence

text: shows

text: beyond

text: a

text: reasonable

text: doubt

text: that

text: accused

text: committed

text: the

text: act

text: charged

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: did

text: so

text: under

text: such

text: circumstances

text: that

text: every

text: element

text: of

text: the

text: offense

text: existed

text: and

text: where

text: the

text: evidence

text: fails

text: to

text: meet

text: this

text: test

text: it

text: is

text: insufficient

text: to

text: support

text: a

text: conviction

text: T

text: he

text: relevant

text: question

text: is

text: whether

text: after

text: viewing

text: the

text: evidence

text: in

text: the

text: light

text: most

text: favorable

text: to

text: the

text: prosecution

text: any

text: rational

text: trier

text: of

text: fact

text: could

text: have

text: found

text: the

text: essential

text: elements

text: of

text: the

text: crime

text: beyond

text: a

text: reasonable

text: doubt

text: Should

text: the

text: facts

text: and

text: inferences

text: considered

text: in

text: a

text: challenge

text: to

text: the

text: sufficiency

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: point

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: the

text: defendant

text: on

text: any

text: element

text: of

text: the

text: offense

text: with

text: sufficient

text: force

text: that

text: reasonable

text: men

text: could

text: not

text: have

text: found

text: beyond

text: a

text: reasonable

text: doubt

text: that

text: the

text: defendant

text: was

text: guilty

text: the

text: proper

text: remedy

text: is

text: for

text: the

text: appellate

text: court

text: to

text: reverse

text: and

text: render

text: Bush

text: v

text: State

text: So

text: d

text: Miss

text: internal

text: citations

text: and

text: quotations

text: omitted

text: However

text: this

text: Court

text: will

text: determine

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: sufficient

text: evidence

text: to

text: sustain

text: the

text: jury

text: s

text: verdict

text: if

text: the

text: evidence

text: was

text: of

text: such

text: quality

text: and

text: weight

text: that

text: having

text: in

text: mind

text: the

text: beyond

text: a

text: reasonable

text: doubt

text: burden

text: of

text: proof

text: standard

text: reasonable

text: fair

text: minded

text: men

text: in

text: the

text: exercise

text: of

text: impartial

text: judgment

text: might

text: reach

text: different

text: conclusions

text: on

text: every

text: element

text: of

text: the

text: offense

text: Id

text: internal

text: citations

text: and

text: quotations

text: omitted

text: Renfrow

text: was

text: indicted

text: for

text: possession

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: in

text: violation

text: of

text: Mississippi

text: Code

text: Annotated

text: section

text: As

text: mentioned

text: although

text: section

text: does

text: not

text: contain

text: a

text: mens

text: rea

text: element

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: indictment

text: included

text: an

text: allegation

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: willfully

text: possessed

text: the

text: images

text: depicting

text: child

text: pornography

text: It

text: was

text: undisputed

text: that

text: several

text: images

text: depicting

text: child

text: pornography

text: were

text: found

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: Renfrow

text: argued

text: that

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: solicit

text: the

text: images

text: at

text: issue

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: obtained

text: them

text: inadvertently

text: According

text: to

text: Renfrow

text: he

text: had

text: limited

text: knowledge

text: about

text: computers

text: and

text: the

text: images

text: appeared

text: on

text: his

text: computer

text: after

text: he

text: clicked

text: the

text: word

text: attachment

text: at

text: the

text: bottom

text: of

text: the

text: computer

text: screen

text: while

text: using

text: a

text: chat

text: program

text: called

text: ICQ

text: However

text: Renfrow

text: also

text: attempted

text: to

text: attribute

text: the

text: child

text: pornography

text: images

text: to

text: other

text: sources

text: Pate

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: expert

text: witness

text: testified

text: that

text: a

text: she

text: found

text: numerous

text: viruses

text: on

text: the

text: duplicate

text: clone

text: of

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: hard

text: drive

text: b

text: she

text: found

text: a

text: porn

text: net

text: Trojan

text: virus

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: c

text: the

text: porn

text: net

text: Trojan

text: virus

text: causes

text: adult

text: pornographic

text: images

text: pop

text: up

text: on

text: a

text: computer

text: screen

text: d

text: she

text: found

text: a

text: backdoor

text: Trojan

text: virus

text: that

text: allows

text: someone

text: to

text: take

text: control

text: of

text: a

text: computer

text: without

text: an

text: owner

text: s

text: knowledge

text: e

text: a

text: backdoor

text: Trojan

text: virus

text: can

text: hide

text: and

text: disguise

text: itself

text: and

text: f

text: Renfrow

text: could

text: have

text: accepted

text: the

text: images

text: without

text: knowing

text: exactly

text: what

text: they

text: were

text: However

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: evidence

text: that

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: computer

text: viruses

text: or

text: other

text: programs

text: that

text: Pate

text: described

text: actually

text: transferred

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: images

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: Pate

text: s

text: testimony

text: in

text: that

text: regard

text: was

text: merely

text: that

text: the

text: viruses

text: or

text: Trojan

text: programs

text: theoretically

text: could

text: have

text: been

text: the

text: reason

text: the

text: images

text: at

text: issue

text: were

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: Pate

text: s

text: testimony

text: was

text: in

text: stark

text: contrast

text: to

text: Sullivan

text: s

text: testimony

text: and

text: Leavitt

text: s

text: testimony

text: Both

text: Leavitt

text: and

text: Sullivan

text: testified

text: that

text: viruses

text: or

text: Trojan

text: programs

text: were

text: not

text: responsible

text: for

text: placing

text: the

text: pornographic

text: images

text: of

text: children

text: on

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: Leavitt

text: testified

text: that

text: because

text: Renfrow

text: used

text: a

text: dial

text: up

text: internet

text: connection

text: that

text: used

text: dynamic

text: IP

text: addressing

text: it

text: was

text: impossible

text: for

text: someone

text: to

text: remotely

text: control

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: computer

text: Both

text: Leavitt

text: and

text: Sullivan

text: testified

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: created

text: a

text: file

text: under

text: the

text: title

text: PEDO

text: and

text: stored

text: the

text: images

text: at

text: issue

text: in

text: that

text: file

text: Leavitt

text: testified

text: that

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: images

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: was

text: attached

text: to

text: an

text: e

text: mail

text: that

text: was

text: stored

text: in

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: outbox

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: e

text: mail

text: was

text: protected

text: by

text: a

text: password

text: Additionally

text: the

text: State

text: s

text: experts

text: discovered

text: e

text: mails

text: that

text: were

text: sent

text: from

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: e

text: mail

text: address

text: The

text: only

text: inference

text: presented

text: at

text: trial

text: was

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: wrote

text: the

text: stories

text: contained

text: in

text: each

text: e

text: mail

text: One

text: such

text: e

text: mail

text: included

text: a

text: story

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: wrote

text: in

text: which

text: a

text: fifteen

text: year

text: old

text: boy

text: reminisced

text: in

text: extremely

text: graphic

text: detail

text: how

text: he

text: became

text: attracted

text: to

text: his

text: pre

text: teen

text: sister

text: and

text: eventually

text: raped

text: her

text: In

text: a

text: different

text: e

text: mail

text: Renfrow

text: wrote

text: a

text: story

text: about

text: a

text: father

text: who

text: proudly

text: reminisces

text: in

text: extremely

text: graphic

text: detail

text: about

text: the

text: time

text: he

text: encouraged

text: his

text: twelve

text: year

text: old

text: twin

text: son

text: and

text: daughter

text: to

text: have

text: sex

text: with

text: one

text: another

text: In

text: that

text: story

text: the

text: father

text: molested

text: both

text: children

text: and

text: after

text: encouraging

text: his

text: twelve

text: year

text: old

text: twin

text: children

text: to

text: have

text: sex

text: with

text: one

text: another

text: the

text: father

text: committed

text: statutory

text: rape

text: of

text: his

text: twelve

text: year

text: old

text: daughter

text: The

text: father

text: continued

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: for

text: months

text: until

text: his

text: daughter

text: became

text: pregnant

text: In

text: the

text: story

text: within

text: that

text: e

text: mail

text: the

text: father

text: closed

text: by

text: describing

text: how

text: he

text: held

text: his

text: granddaughter

text: while

text: hoping

text: for

text: more

text: grandchildren

text: so

text: he

text: could

text: educate

text: another

text: generation

text: of

text: his

text: family

text: In

text: yet

text: another

text: e

text: mail

text: Renfrow

text: wrote

text: a

text: story

text: about

text: an

text: adult

text: male

text: who

text: fondly

text: described

text: having

text: sex

text: with

text: his

text: pre

text: teen

text: niece

text: and

text: daughter

text: Finally

text: Dr

text: Larry

text: Gibson

text: a

text: physician

text: certified

text: in

text: family

text: medicine

text: testified

text: that

text: the

text: images

text: at

text: issue

text: depicted

text: sexually

text: explicit

text: conduct

text: involving

text: girls

text: as

text: young

text: as

text: six

text: or

text: seven

text: years

text: old

text: According

text: to

text: Dr

text: Gibson

text: the

text: eldest

text: child

text: depicted

text: in

text: the

text: various

text: images

text: was

text: approximately

text: twelve

text: years

text: old

text: We

text: can

text: confidently

text: conclude

text: that

text: reasonable

text: and

text: fair

text: minded

text: jurors

text: could

text: have

text: found

text: that

text: the

text: State

text: proved

text: each

text: element

text: of

text: the

text: offense

text: as

text: stated

text: in

text: the

text: indictment

text: beyond

text: a

text: reasonable

text: doubt

text: Accordingly

text: we

text: find

text: that

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: did

text: not

text: abuse

text: its

text: discretion

text: when

text: it

text: denied

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: JNOV

text: We

text: find

text: no

text: merit

text: to

text: this

text: issue

text: V

text: WEIGHT

text: OF

text: THE

text: EVIDENCE

text: Renfrow

text: claims

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: erred

text: when

text: it

text: denied

text: his

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: trial

text: According

text: to

text: Renfrow

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: should

text: have

text: granted

text: his

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: trial

text: because

text: the

text: jury

text: s

text: verdict

text: is

text: contrary

text: to

text: the

text: overwhelming

text: weight

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: We

text: are

text: mindful

text: that

text: as

text: we

text: review

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: s

text: decision

text: to

text: deny

text: a

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: trial

text: this

text: Court

text: will

text: only

text: disturb

text: a

text: verdict

text: when

text: it

text: is

text: so

text: contrary

text: to

text: the

text: overwhelming

text: weight

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: that

text: to

text: allow

text: it

text: to

text: stand

text: would

text: sanction

text: an

text: unconscionable

text: injustice

text: Bush

text: So

text: d

text: at

text: The

text: supreme

text: court

text: has

text: further

text: instructed

text: that

text: when

text: reviewing

text: a

text: trial

text: court

text: s

text: decision

text: to

text: deny

text: a

text: motion

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: trial

text: the

text: court

text: sits

text: as

text: a

text: thirteenth

text: juror

text: The

text: motion

text: however

text: is

text: addressed

text: to

text: the

text: discretion

text: of

text: the

text: court

text: which

text: should

text: be

text: exercised

text: with

text: caution

text: and

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: grant

text: a

text: new

text: trial

text: should

text: be

text: invoked

text: only

text: in

text: exceptional

text: cases

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: evidence

text: preponderates

text: heavily

text: against

text: the

text: verdict

text: However

text: the

text: evidence

text: should

text: be

text: weighed

text: in

text: the

text: light

text: most

text: favorable

text: to

text: the

text: verdict

text: A

text: reversal

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: that

text: the

text: verdict

text: was

text: against

text: the

text: overwhelming

text: weight

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: unlike

text: a

text: reversal

text: based

text: on

text: insufficient

text: evidence

text: does

text: not

text: mean

text: that

text: acquittal

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: proper

text: verdict

text: Rather

text: as

text: the

text: thirteenth

text: juror

text: the

text: court

text: simply

text: disagrees

text: with

text: the

text: jury

text: s

text: resolution

text: of

text: the

text: conflicting

text: testimony

text: This

text: difference

text: of

text: opinion

text: does

text: not

text: signify

text: acquittal

text: any

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: disagreement

text: among

text: the

text: jurors

text: themselves

text: Instead

text: the

text: proper

text: remedy

text: is

text: to

text: grant

text: a

text: new

text: trial

text: Id

text: footnote

text: and

text: internal

text: citations

text: and

text: quotations

text: omitted

text: To

text: support

text: this

text: issue

text: Renfrow

text: discusses

text: the

text: same

text: matters

text: that

text: he

text: discussed

text: to

text: support

text: his

text: challenge

text: of

text: the

text: sufficiency

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: Based

text: on

text: evidence

text: discussed

text: in

text: the

text: analysis

text: under

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: challenge

text: of

text: the

text: sufficiency

text: evidence

text: when

text: viewed

text: in

text: the

text: light

text: most

text: favorable

text: to

text: the

text: verdict

text: we

text: find

text: that

text: the

text: jury

text: s

text: verdict

text: was

text: not

text: so

text: contrary

text: to

text: the

text: overwhelming

text: weight

text: of

text: the

text: evidence

text: that

text: to

text: allow

text: it

text: to

text: stand

text: would

text: sanction

text: an

text: unconscionable

text: injustice

text: We

text: find

text: no

text: merit

text: to

text: this

text: issue

text: THE

text: JUDGMENT

text: OF

text: THE

text: SIMPSON

text: COUNTY

text: CIRCUIT

text: COURT

text: OF

text: CONVICTION

text: OF

text: POSSESSION

text: OF

text: CHILD

text: PORNOGRAPHY

text: AND

text: SENTENCE

text: OF

text: FIFTEEN

text: YEARS

text: IN

text: THE

text: CUSTODY

text: OF

text: THE

text: MISSISSIPPI

text: DEPARTMENT

text: OF

text: CORRECTIONS

text: IS

text: AFFIRMED

text: ALL

text: COSTS

text: OF

text: THIS

text: APPEAL

text: ARE

text: ASSESSED

text: TO

text: THE

text: APPELLANT

text: KING

text: C

text: J

text: LEE

text: AND

text: MYERS

text: P

text: JJ

text: IRVING

text: GRIFFIS

text: BARNES

text: ISHEE

text: CARLTON

text: AND

text: MAXWELL

text: JJ

text: CONCUR

text: NOTES

text: We

text: omit

text: the

text: children

text: s

text: names

text: from

text: this

text: opinion

text: to

text: maintain

text: their

text: anonymity

text: Those

text: allegations

text: will

text: be

text: discussed

text: in

text: slightly

text: greater

text: detail

text: as

text: necessary

text: However

text: Renfrow

text: was

text: indicted

text: for

text: those

text: allegations

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: he

text: was

text: indicted

text: for

text: possession

text: of

text: child

text: pornography

text: The

text: State

text: nolle

text: prossed

text: the

text: inappropriate

text: touching

text: count

text: of

text: the

text: indictment

text: and

text: Renfrow

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: prosecuted

text: for

text: any

text: alleged

text: inappropriate

text: touching

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: Because

text: there

text: is

text: still

text: a

text: possibility

text: that

text: Renfrow

text: may

text: be

text: prosecuted

text: for

text: those

text: allegations

text: we

text: have

text: avoided

text: discussing

text: them

text: in

text: any

text: detail

text: except

text: as

text: necessary

text: No

text: portion

text: of

text: this

text: opinion

text: should

text: be

text: construed

text: as

text: a

text: finding

text: related

text: to

text: those

text: potential

text: allegations

text: Using

text: forensic

text: computer

text: tools

text: and

text: programs

text: it

text: is

text: possible

text: to

text: compare

text: an

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: to

text: a

text: forensic

text: duplicate

text: of

text: a

text: hard

text: drive

text: to

text: test

text: for

text: consistency

text: However

text: those

text: tools

text: and

text: programs

text: avoid

text: having

text: to

text: boot

text: up

text: an

text: original

text: hard

text: drive

text: The

text: State

text: s

text: experts

text: found

text: an

text: e

text: mail

text: from

text: someone

text: who

text: was

text: replying

text: to

text: an

text: earlier

text: e

text: mail

text: from

text: Renfrow

text: In

text: Renfrow

text: s

text: earlier

text: e

text: mail

text: Renfrow

text: stated

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: writing

text: stories

text: about

text: very

text: young

text: girls

text: and

text: that

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: stories

text: was

text: about

text: a

text: father

text: and

text: his

text: year

text: old

text: daughter

text: Renfrow

text: also

text: asked

text: the

text: recipient

text: whether

text: he

text: was

text: offended

text: by

text: incest