prompt: You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolve.
  <issue>
  install.sh fails with empty secret_key on Mac OS Ventura
  ## Description
  
  Mathesar fails to start because secret_key is empty in .env file after running `install.sh`. The script also fails due to that and steps after that do not run.
  
  Note: This happens on Mac OS Ventura, but seems to work fine on Big Sur
  
  </issue>
  <code>
  [start of db/engine.py]
  1 import copy
  2 
  3 from sqlalchemy import create_engine as sa_create_engine
  4 
  5 from db.types.custom.base import CUSTOM_DB_TYPE_TO_SA_CLASS
  6 
  7 
  8 def get_connection_string(username, password, hostname, database, port='5432'):
  9     return f"postgresql://{username}:{password}@{hostname}:{port}/{database}"
  10 
  11 
  12 def create_future_engine_with_custom_types(
  13         username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs
  14 ):
  15     engine = create_future_engine(
  16         username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs
  17     )
  18     # We need to add our custom types to any engine created for SQLALchemy use
  19     # so that they can be used for reflection
  20     add_custom_types_to_ischema_names(engine)
  21     return engine
  22 
  23 
  24 # TODO would an engine without ischema names updated ever be used? make it private if not
  25 def create_future_engine(
  26         username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs
  27 ):
  28     conn_str = get_connection_string(
  29         username, password, hostname, database, port
  30     )
  31     kwargs.update(future=True)
  32     return create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs)
  33 
  34 
  35 # NOTE: used in testing, hence public
  36 def create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs):
  37     """
  38     Wrapper over sqlalchemy.create_engine that stops SA from propagating changes to ischema_names
  39     across all engines. This is important for testing: without this intervention, fixtures become
  40     randomly corrupted.
  41     """
  42     engine = sa_create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs)
  43     _make_ischema_names_unique(engine)
  44     return engine
  45 
  46 
  47 # TODO should refactor for this to be private
  48 def add_custom_types_to_ischema_names(engine):
  49     """
  50     Updating the ischema_names dict changes which Postgres types are reflected into which SA
  51     classes.
  52     """
  53     for db_type, sa_class in CUSTOM_DB_TYPE_TO_SA_CLASS.items():
  54         db_type_id = db_type.id
  55         engine.dialect.ischema_names[db_type_id] = sa_class
  56 
  57 
  58 def get_dummy_engine():
  59     """
  60     In some cases we only need an engine to access the Postgres dialect. E.g. when examining the
  61     ischema_names dict. In those cases, following is enough:
  62     """
  63     engine = create_engine("postgresql://", future=True)
  64     add_custom_types_to_ischema_names(engine)
  65     return engine
  66 
  67 
  68 def _make_ischema_names_unique(engine):
  69     """
  70     For some reason, engine.dialect.ischema_names reference the same dict across different engines.
  71     This resets it to a referentially unique copy of itself.
  72     """
  73     ischema_names = engine.dialect.ischema_names
  74     ischema_names_copy = copy.deepcopy(ischema_names)
  75     setattr(engine.dialect, "ischema_names", ischema_names_copy)
  76
  [end of db/engine.py]
  </code>
  
  I need you to solve this issue by generating a single patch file that I can apply directly to this repository using git apply. Please respond with a single patch file in the following format.
  <patch>
  diff --git a/file.py b/file.py
  --- a/file.py
  +++ b/file.py
  @@ -1,27 +1,35 @@
   def euclidean(a, b):
  -    while b:
  -        a, b = b, a % b
  -    return a
  +    if b == 0:
  +        return a
  +    return euclidean(b, a % b)
   
   
   def bresenham(x0, y0, x1, y1):
       points = []
       dx = abs(x1 - x0)
       dy = abs(y1 - y0)
  -    sx = 1 if x0 < x1 else -1
  -    sy = 1 if y0 < y1 else -1
  -    err = dx - dy
  +    x, y = x0, y0
  +    sx = -1 if x0 > x1 else 1
  +    sy = -1 if y0 > y1 else 1
   
  -    while True:
  -        points.append((x0, y0))
  -        if x0 == x1 and y0 == y1:
  -            break
  -        e2 = 2 * err
  -        if e2 > -dy:
  -            err -= dy
  -            x0 += sx
  -        if e2 < dx:
  -            err += dx
  -            y0 += sy
  +    if dx > dy:
  +        err = dx / 2.0
  +        while x != x1:
  +            points.append((x, y))
  +            err -= dy
  +            if err < 0:
  +                y += sy
  +                err += dx
  +            x += sx
  +    else:
  +        err = dy / 2.0
  +        while y != y1:
  +            points.append((x, y))
  +            err -= dx
  +            if err < 0:
  +                x += sx
  +                err += dy
  +            y += sy
  +
  +    points.append((x, y))
       return points
  
  </patch>
golden_diff: diff --git a/db/engine.py b/db/engine.py
  --- a/db/engine.py
  +++ b/db/engine.py
  @@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
   import copy
   
   from sqlalchemy import create_engine as sa_create_engine
  +from sqlalchemy.engine import URL
   
   from db.types.custom.base import CUSTOM_DB_TYPE_TO_SA_CLASS
   
   
  -def get_connection_string(username, password, hostname, database, port='5432'):
  -    return f"postgresql://{username}:{password}@{hostname}:{port}/{database}"
  -
  -
   def create_future_engine_with_custom_types(
           username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs
   ):
  @@ -25,21 +22,26 @@
   def create_future_engine(
           username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs
   ):
  -    conn_str = get_connection_string(
  -        username, password, hostname, database, port
  +    conn_url = URL.create(
  +        "postgresql",
  +        username=username,
  +        password=password,
  +        host=hostname,
  +        database=database,
  +        port=port,
       )
       kwargs.update(future=True)
  -    return create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs)
  +    return create_engine(conn_url, *args, **kwargs)
   
   
   # NOTE: used in testing, hence public
  -def create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs):
  +def create_engine(conn_url, *args, **kwargs):
       """
       Wrapper over sqlalchemy.create_engine that stops SA from propagating changes to ischema_names
       across all engines. This is important for testing: without this intervention, fixtures become
       randomly corrupted.
       """
  -    engine = sa_create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs)
  +    engine = sa_create_engine(conn_url, *args, **kwargs)
       _make_ischema_names_unique(engine)
       return engine
  
verification_info: {"golden_diff": "diff --git a/db/engine.py b/db/engine.py\n--- a/db/engine.py\n+++ b/db/engine.py\n@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@\n import copy\n \n from sqlalchemy import create_engine as sa_create_engine\n+from sqlalchemy.engine import URL\n \n from db.types.custom.base import CUSTOM_DB_TYPE_TO_SA_CLASS\n \n \n-def get_connection_string(username, password, hostname, database, port='5432'):\n-    return f\"postgresql://{username}:{password}@{hostname}:{port}/{database}\"\n-\n-\n def create_future_engine_with_custom_types(\n         username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs\n ):\n@@ -25,21 +22,26 @@\n def create_future_engine(\n         username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs\n ):\n-    conn_str = get_connection_string(\n-        username, password, hostname, database, port\n+    conn_url = URL.create(\n+        \"postgresql\",\n+        username=username,\n+        password=password,\n+        host=hostname,\n+        database=database,\n+        port=port,\n     )\n     kwargs.update(future=True)\n-    return create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs)\n+    return create_engine(conn_url, *args, **kwargs)\n \n \n # NOTE: used in testing, hence public\n-def create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs):\n+def create_engine(conn_url, *args, **kwargs):\n     \"\"\"\n     Wrapper over sqlalchemy.create_engine that stops SA from propagating changes to ischema_names\n     across all engines. This is important for testing: without this intervention, fixtures become\n     randomly corrupted.\n     \"\"\"\n-    engine = sa_create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs)\n+    engine = sa_create_engine(conn_url, *args, **kwargs)\n     _make_ischema_names_unique(engine)\n     return engine\n", "issue": "install.sh fails with empty secret_key on Mac OS Ventura\n## Description\r\n\r\nMathesar fails to start because secret_key is empty in .env file after running `install.sh`. The script also fails due to that and steps after that do not run.\r\n\r\nNote: This happens on Mac OS Ventura, but seems to work fine on Big Sur\n", "before_files": [{"content": "import copy\n\nfrom sqlalchemy import create_engine as sa_create_engine\n\nfrom db.types.custom.base import CUSTOM_DB_TYPE_TO_SA_CLASS\n\n\ndef get_connection_string(username, password, hostname, database, port='5432'):\n    return f\"postgresql://{username}:{password}@{hostname}:{port}/{database}\"\n\n\ndef create_future_engine_with_custom_types(\n        username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs\n):\n    engine = create_future_engine(\n        username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs\n    )\n    # We need to add our custom types to any engine created for SQLALchemy use\n    # so that they can be used for reflection\n    add_custom_types_to_ischema_names(engine)\n    return engine\n\n\n# TODO would an engine without ischema names updated ever be used? make it private if not\ndef create_future_engine(\n        username, password, hostname, database, port, *args, **kwargs\n):\n    conn_str = get_connection_string(\n        username, password, hostname, database, port\n    )\n    kwargs.update(future=True)\n    return create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs)\n\n\n# NOTE: used in testing, hence public\ndef create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs):\n    \"\"\"\n    Wrapper over sqlalchemy.create_engine that stops SA from propagating changes to ischema_names\n    across all engines. This is important for testing: without this intervention, fixtures become\n    randomly corrupted.\n    \"\"\"\n    engine = sa_create_engine(conn_str, *args, **kwargs)\n    _make_ischema_names_unique(engine)\n    return engine\n\n\n# TODO should refactor for this to be private\ndef add_custom_types_to_ischema_names(engine):\n    \"\"\"\n    Updating the ischema_names dict changes which Postgres types are reflected into which SA\n    classes.\n    \"\"\"\n    for db_type, sa_class in CUSTOM_DB_TYPE_TO_SA_CLASS.items():\n        db_type_id = db_type.id\n        engine.dialect.ischema_names[db_type_id] = sa_class\n\n\ndef get_dummy_engine():\n    \"\"\"\n    In some cases we only need an engine to access the Postgres dialect. E.g. when examining the\n    ischema_names dict. In those cases, following is enough:\n    \"\"\"\n    engine = create_engine(\"postgresql://\", future=True)\n    add_custom_types_to_ischema_names(engine)\n    return engine\n\n\ndef _make_ischema_names_unique(engine):\n    \"\"\"\n    For some reason, engine.dialect.ischema_names reference the same dict across different engines.\n    This resets it to a referentially unique copy of itself.\n    \"\"\"\n    ischema_names = engine.dialect.ischema_names\n    ischema_names_copy = copy.deepcopy(ischema_names)\n    setattr(engine.dialect, \"ischema_names\", ischema_names_copy)\n", "path": "db/engine.py"}]}