prompt: We are currently solving the following issue within our repository. Here is the issue text:
  --- BEGIN ISSUE ---
  'pwn cyclic -o afca' throws a BytesWarning
  
  ```
  $ pwn cyclic -o afca
  /Users/heapcrash/pwntools/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py:74: BytesWarning: Text is not bytes; assuming ASCII, no guarantees. See https://docs.pwntools.com/#bytes
    pat = flat(pat, bytes=args.length)
  506
  ```
  
  --- END ISSUE ---
  
  Below are some code segments, each from a relevant file. One or more of these files may contain bugs.
  --- BEGIN FILES ---
  Path: `pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py`
  Content:
  ```
  1 #!/usr/bin/env python2
  2 from __future__ import absolute_import
  3 from __future__ import division
  4 
  5 import argparse
  6 import six
  7 import string
  8 import sys
  9 
  10 import pwnlib.args
  11 pwnlib.args.free_form = False
  12 
  13 from pwn import *
  14 from pwnlib.commandline import common
  15 
  16 parser = common.parser_commands.add_parser(
  17     'cyclic',
  18     help = "Cyclic pattern creator/finder",
  19     description = "Cyclic pattern creator/finder"
  20 )
  21 
  22 parser.add_argument(
  23     '-a', '--alphabet',
  24     metavar = 'alphabet',
  25     default = string.ascii_lowercase.encode(),
  26     type = packing._encode,
  27     help = 'The alphabet to use in the cyclic pattern (defaults to all lower case letters)',
  28 )
  29 
  30 parser.add_argument(
  31     '-n', '--length',
  32     metavar = 'length',
  33     default = 4,
  34     type = int,
  35     help = 'Size of the unique subsequences (defaults to 4).'
  36 )
  37 
  38 parser.add_argument(
  39     '-c', '--context',
  40     metavar = 'context',
  41     action = 'append',
  42     type   = common.context_arg,
  43     choices = common.choices,
  44     help = 'The os/architecture/endianness/bits the shellcode will run in (default: linux/i386), choose from: %s' % common.choices,
  45 )
  46 
  47 group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=False)
  48 group.add_argument(
  49     '-l', '-o', '--offset', '--lookup',
  50     dest = 'lookup',
  51     metavar = 'lookup_value',
  52     help = 'Do a lookup instead printing the alphabet',
  53 )
  54 
  55 group.add_argument(
  56     'count',
  57     type=int,
  58     nargs='?',
  59     default=None,
  60     help='Number of characters to print'
  61 )
  62 
  63 def main(args):
  64     alphabet = args.alphabet
  65     subsize  = args.length
  66 
  67     if args.lookup:
  68         pat = args.lookup
  69 
  70         try:
  71             pat = int(pat, 0)
  72         except ValueError:
  73             pass
  74         pat = flat(pat, bytes=args.length)
  75 
  76         if len(pat) != subsize:
  77             log.critical('Subpattern must be %d bytes' % subsize)
  78             sys.exit(1)
  79 
  80         if not all(c in alphabet for c in pat):
  81             log.critical('Pattern contains characters not present in the alphabet')
  82             sys.exit(1)
  83 
  84         offset = cyclic_find(pat, alphabet, subsize)
  85 
  86         if offset == -1:
  87             log.critical('Given pattern does not exist in cyclic pattern')
  88             sys.exit(1)
  89         else:
  90             print(offset)
  91     else:
  92         want   = args.count
  93         result = cyclic(want, alphabet, subsize)
  94         got    = len(result)
  95         if want is not None and got < want:
  96             log.failure("Alphabet too small (max length = %i)" % got)
  97 
  98         out = getattr(sys.stdout, 'buffer', sys.stdout)
  99         out.write(result)
  100 
  101         if out.isatty():
  102             out.write(b'\n')
  103 
  104 if __name__ == '__main__':
  105     pwnlib.commandline.common.main(__file__)
  106
  ```
  --- END FILES ---
  
  Please first localize the bug based on the issue statement, and then generate a patch according to the `git diff` format fenced by three backticks.
  
  Here is an example:
  
  ```diff
  diff --git a/examples/server_async.py b/examples/server_async.py
  --- a/examples/server_async.py
  +++ b/examples/server_async.py
  @@ -313,4 +313,4 @@
   
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
  -    asyncio.run(run_async_server("."), debug=True)
  +    asyncio.run(run_async_server(), debug=True)
  diff --git a/examples/server_sync.py b/examples/server_sync.py
  --- a/examples/server_sync.py
  +++ b/examples/server_sync.py
  @@ -313,5 +313,5 @@
   
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
  -    server = run_sync_server(".")
  +    server = run_sync_server()
       server.shutdown()
  
  ```
  
golden_diff: diff --git a/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py b/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py
  --- a/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py
  +++ b/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py
  @@ -67,6 +67,9 @@
       if args.lookup:
           pat = args.lookup
   
  +        if six.PY3:
  +            pat = bytes(pat, encoding='utf-8')
  +
           try:
               pat = int(pat, 0)
           except ValueError:
  
verification_info: {"golden_diff": "diff --git a/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py b/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py\n--- a/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py\n+++ b/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py\n@@ -67,6 +67,9 @@\n     if args.lookup:\n         pat = args.lookup\n \n+        if six.PY3:\n+            pat = bytes(pat, encoding='utf-8')\n+\n         try:\n             pat = int(pat, 0)\n         except ValueError:\n", "issue": "'pwn cyclic -o afca' throws a BytesWarning\n\r\n```\r\n$ pwn cyclic -o afca\r\n/Users/heapcrash/pwntools/pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py:74: BytesWarning: Text is not bytes; assuming ASCII, no guarantees. See https://docs.pwntools.com/#bytes\r\n  pat = flat(pat, bytes=args.length)\r\n506\r\n```\n", "before_files": [{"content": "#!/usr/bin/env python2\nfrom __future__ import absolute_import\nfrom __future__ import division\n\nimport argparse\nimport six\nimport string\nimport sys\n\nimport pwnlib.args\npwnlib.args.free_form = False\n\nfrom pwn import *\nfrom pwnlib.commandline import common\n\nparser = common.parser_commands.add_parser(\n    'cyclic',\n    help = \"Cyclic pattern creator/finder\",\n    description = \"Cyclic pattern creator/finder\"\n)\n\nparser.add_argument(\n    '-a', '--alphabet',\n    metavar = 'alphabet',\n    default = string.ascii_lowercase.encode(),\n    type = packing._encode,\n    help = 'The alphabet to use in the cyclic pattern (defaults to all lower case letters)',\n)\n\nparser.add_argument(\n    '-n', '--length',\n    metavar = 'length',\n    default = 4,\n    type = int,\n    help = 'Size of the unique subsequences (defaults to 4).'\n)\n\nparser.add_argument(\n    '-c', '--context',\n    metavar = 'context',\n    action = 'append',\n    type   = common.context_arg,\n    choices = common.choices,\n    help = 'The os/architecture/endianness/bits the shellcode will run in (default: linux/i386), choose from: %s' % common.choices,\n)\n\ngroup = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=False)\ngroup.add_argument(\n    '-l', '-o', '--offset', '--lookup',\n    dest = 'lookup',\n    metavar = 'lookup_value',\n    help = 'Do a lookup instead printing the alphabet',\n)\n\ngroup.add_argument(\n    'count',\n    type=int,\n    nargs='?',\n    default=None,\n    help='Number of characters to print'\n)\n\ndef main(args):\n    alphabet = args.alphabet\n    subsize  = args.length\n\n    if args.lookup:\n        pat = args.lookup\n\n        try:\n            pat = int(pat, 0)\n        except ValueError:\n            pass\n        pat = flat(pat, bytes=args.length)\n\n        if len(pat) != subsize:\n            log.critical('Subpattern must be %d bytes' % subsize)\n            sys.exit(1)\n\n        if not all(c in alphabet for c in pat):\n            log.critical('Pattern contains characters not present in the alphabet')\n            sys.exit(1)\n\n        offset = cyclic_find(pat, alphabet, subsize)\n\n        if offset == -1:\n            log.critical('Given pattern does not exist in cyclic pattern')\n            sys.exit(1)\n        else:\n            print(offset)\n    else:\n        want   = args.count\n        result = cyclic(want, alphabet, subsize)\n        got    = len(result)\n        if want is not None and got < want:\n            log.failure(\"Alphabet too small (max length = %i)\" % got)\n\n        out = getattr(sys.stdout, 'buffer', sys.stdout)\n        out.write(result)\n\n        if out.isatty():\n            out.write(b'\\n')\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    pwnlib.commandline.common.main(__file__)\n", "path": "pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py"}], "after_files": [{"content": "#!/usr/bin/env python2\nfrom __future__ import absolute_import\nfrom __future__ import division\n\nimport argparse\nimport six\nimport string\nimport sys\n\nimport pwnlib.args\npwnlib.args.free_form = False\n\nfrom pwn import *\nfrom pwnlib.commandline import common\n\nparser = common.parser_commands.add_parser(\n    'cyclic',\n    help = \"Cyclic pattern creator/finder\",\n    description = \"Cyclic pattern creator/finder\"\n)\n\nparser.add_argument(\n    '-a', '--alphabet',\n    metavar = 'alphabet',\n    default = string.ascii_lowercase.encode(),\n    type = packing._encode,\n    help = 'The alphabet to use in the cyclic pattern (defaults to all lower case letters)',\n)\n\nparser.add_argument(\n    '-n', '--length',\n    metavar = 'length',\n    default = 4,\n    type = int,\n    help = 'Size of the unique subsequences (defaults to 4).'\n)\n\nparser.add_argument(\n    '-c', '--context',\n    metavar = 'context',\n    action = 'append',\n    type   = common.context_arg,\n    choices = common.choices,\n    help = 'The os/architecture/endianness/bits the shellcode will run in (default: linux/i386), choose from: %s' % common.choices,\n)\n\ngroup = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=False)\ngroup.add_argument(\n    '-l', '-o', '--offset', '--lookup',\n    dest = 'lookup',\n    metavar = 'lookup_value',\n    help = 'Do a lookup instead printing the alphabet',\n)\n\ngroup.add_argument(\n    'count',\n    type=int,\n    nargs='?',\n    default=None,\n    help='Number of characters to print'\n)\n\ndef main(args):\n    alphabet = args.alphabet\n    subsize  = args.length\n\n    if args.lookup:\n        pat = args.lookup\n\n        if six.PY3:\n            pat = bytes(pat, encoding='utf-8')\n\n        try:\n            pat = int(pat, 0)\n        except ValueError:\n            pass\n        pat = flat(pat, bytes=args.length)\n\n        if len(pat) != subsize:\n            log.critical('Subpattern must be %d bytes' % subsize)\n            sys.exit(1)\n\n        if not all(c in alphabet for c in pat):\n            log.critical('Pattern contains characters not present in the alphabet')\n            sys.exit(1)\n\n        offset = cyclic_find(pat, alphabet, subsize)\n\n        if offset == -1:\n            log.critical('Given pattern does not exist in cyclic pattern')\n            sys.exit(1)\n        else:\n            print(offset)\n    else:\n        want   = args.count\n        result = cyclic(want, alphabet, subsize)\n        got    = len(result)\n        if want is not None and got < want:\n            log.failure(\"Alphabet too small (max length = %i)\" % got)\n\n        out = getattr(sys.stdout, 'buffer', sys.stdout)\n        out.write(result)\n\n        if out.isatty():\n            out.write(b'\\n')\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    pwnlib.commandline.common.main(__file__)\n", "path": "pwnlib/commandline/cyclic.py"}]}