prompt: We are currently solving the following issue within our repository. Here is the issue text:
  --- BEGIN ISSUE ---
  Refactor claims handling for integer claims
  During the OAuth `authorize` flow, we look for [boolean claim values](https://github.com/cal-itp/benefits/blob/dev/benefits/oauth/views.py#L75) to determine if the user is eligible.
  
  IdG is changing their claims implementation to cut down on the size of the token being sent to Benefits. Instead of booleans, they will use integers to indicate claim values:
  
  * `0` will indicate `False` (i.e. the claim indicates eligibility failed)
  * `1` will indicate `True` (i.e. the claim indicates eligibility succeeded)
  * Any other integer `>= 10` will indicate an error code
  
  **Note:** the claim values are transmitted in the token as `str`, and should be parsed to `int` before usage.
  
  ## Acceptance Criteria
  
  <!-- Remember to consider edge cases -->
  
  - [ ] `authorize` processes integer claims as described above
  
  ## Additional context
  
  While we work to implement this change, existing flows for Older Adults and Veterans will use both claim styles. New flows for CalFresh and the new Veterans API will ~only use the newer integer claim style, so this refactor is necessary for supporting those flows.~ also support both styles to allow us time to implement and cut over. There are an entirely new set of scopes created for the integer-based claims so as not to interfere with the existing implementation.
  
  Once we have this change tested and deployed, IdG will cutover all flows to use the integer style only.
  
  Mapping error codes to error messages and analytics will be handled in #2049.
  
  See [this Slack thread](https://cal-itp.slack.com/archives/C037Y3UE71P/p1714434750536319) from @johnatstate for more context.
  
  --- END ISSUE ---
  
  Below are some code segments, each from a relevant file. One or more of these files may contain bugs.
  --- BEGIN FILES ---
  Path: `benefits/oauth/views.py`
  Content:
  ```
  1 import logging
  2 
  3 from django.shortcuts import redirect
  4 from django.urls import reverse
  5 from django.utils.decorators import decorator_from_middleware
  6 
  7 from benefits.core import session
  8 from . import analytics, redirects
  9 from .client import oauth
  10 from .middleware import VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired
  11 
  12 
  13 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
  14 
  15 
  16 ROUTE_AUTH = "oauth:authorize"
  17 ROUTE_START = "eligibility:start"
  18 ROUTE_CONFIRM = "eligibility:confirm"
  19 ROUTE_UNVERIFIED = "eligibility:unverified"
  20 ROUTE_POST_LOGOUT = "oauth:post_logout"
  21 
  22 
  23 @decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)
  24 def login(request):
  25     """View implementing OIDC authorize_redirect."""
  26     verifier = session.verifier(request)
  27     oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)
  28 
  29     if not oauth_client:
  30         raise Exception(f"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}")
  31 
  32     route = reverse(ROUTE_AUTH)
  33     redirect_uri = redirects.generate_redirect_uri(request, route)
  34 
  35     logger.debug(f"OAuth authorize_redirect with redirect_uri: {redirect_uri}")
  36 
  37     analytics.started_sign_in(request)
  38 
  39     return oauth_client.authorize_redirect(request, redirect_uri)
  40 
  41 
  42 @decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)
  43 def authorize(request):
  44     """View implementing OIDC token authorization."""
  45     verifier = session.verifier(request)
  46     oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)
  47 
  48     if not oauth_client:
  49         raise Exception(f"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}")
  50 
  51     logger.debug("Attempting to authorize OAuth access token")
  52     token = oauth_client.authorize_access_token(request)
  53 
  54     if token is None:
  55         logger.warning("Could not authorize OAuth access token")
  56         return redirect(ROUTE_START)
  57 
  58     logger.debug("OAuth access token authorized")
  59 
  60     # We store the id_token in the user's session. This is the minimal amount of information needed later to log the user out.
  61     id_token = token["id_token"]
  62 
  63     # We store the returned claim in case it can be used later in eligibility verification.
  64     verifier_claim = verifier.auth_provider.claim
  65     stored_claim = None
  66 
  67     if verifier_claim:
  68         userinfo = token.get("userinfo")
  69 
  70         if userinfo:
  71             claim_value = userinfo.get(verifier_claim)
  72             # the claim comes back in userinfo like { "claim": "True" | "False" }
  73             if claim_value is None:
  74                 logger.warning(f"userinfo did not contain: {verifier_claim}")
  75             elif claim_value.lower() == "true":
  76                 # if userinfo contains our claim and the flag is true, store the *claim*
  77                 stored_claim = verifier_claim
  78 
  79     session.update(request, oauth_token=id_token, oauth_claim=stored_claim)
  80 
  81     analytics.finished_sign_in(request)
  82 
  83     return redirect(ROUTE_CONFIRM)
  84 
  85 
  86 @decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)
  87 def cancel(request):
  88     """View implementing cancellation of OIDC authorization."""
  89 
  90     analytics.canceled_sign_in(request)
  91 
  92     return redirect(ROUTE_UNVERIFIED)
  93 
  94 
  95 @decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)
  96 def logout(request):
  97     """View implementing OIDC and application sign out."""
  98     verifier = session.verifier(request)
  99     oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)
  100 
  101     if not oauth_client:
  102         raise Exception(f"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}")
  103 
  104     analytics.started_sign_out(request)
  105 
  106     # overwrite the oauth session token, the user is signed out of the app
  107     token = session.oauth_token(request)
  108     session.logout(request)
  109 
  110     route = reverse(ROUTE_POST_LOGOUT)
  111     redirect_uri = redirects.generate_redirect_uri(request, route)
  112 
  113     logger.debug(f"OAuth end_session_endpoint with redirect_uri: {redirect_uri}")
  114 
  115     # send the user through the end_session_endpoint, redirecting back to
  116     # the post_logout route
  117     return redirects.deauthorize_redirect(oauth_client, token, redirect_uri)
  118 
  119 
  120 @decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)
  121 def post_logout(request):
  122     """View routes the user to their origin after sign out."""
  123 
  124     analytics.finished_sign_out(request)
  125 
  126     origin = session.origin(request)
  127     return redirect(origin)
  128
  ```
  --- END FILES ---
  
  Please first localize the bug based on the issue statement, and then generate a patch according to the `git diff` format fenced by three backticks.
  
  Here is an example:
  
  ```diff
  diff --git a/examples/server_async.py b/examples/server_async.py
  --- a/examples/server_async.py
  +++ b/examples/server_async.py
  @@ -313,4 +313,4 @@
   
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
  -    asyncio.run(run_async_server("."), debug=True)
  +    asyncio.run(run_async_server(), debug=True)
  diff --git a/examples/server_sync.py b/examples/server_sync.py
  --- a/examples/server_sync.py
  +++ b/examples/server_sync.py
  @@ -313,5 +313,5 @@
   
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
  -    server = run_sync_server(".")
  +    server = run_sync_server()
       server.shutdown()
  
  ```
  
golden_diff: diff --git a/benefits/oauth/views.py b/benefits/oauth/views.py
  --- a/benefits/oauth/views.py
  +++ b/benefits/oauth/views.py
  @@ -69,11 +69,12 @@
   
           if userinfo:
               claim_value = userinfo.get(verifier_claim)
  -            # the claim comes back in userinfo like { "claim": "True" | "False" }
  +            # the claim comes back in userinfo like { "claim": "1" | "0" }
  +            claim_value = int(claim_value) if claim_value else None
               if claim_value is None:
                   logger.warning(f"userinfo did not contain: {verifier_claim}")
  -            elif claim_value.lower() == "true":
  -                # if userinfo contains our claim and the flag is true, store the *claim*
  +            elif claim_value == 1:
  +                # if userinfo contains our claim and the flag is 1 (true), store the *claim*
                   stored_claim = verifier_claim
   
       session.update(request, oauth_token=id_token, oauth_claim=stored_claim)
  
verification_info: {"golden_diff": "diff --git a/benefits/oauth/views.py b/benefits/oauth/views.py\n--- a/benefits/oauth/views.py\n+++ b/benefits/oauth/views.py\n@@ -69,11 +69,12 @@\n \n         if userinfo:\n             claim_value = userinfo.get(verifier_claim)\n-            # the claim comes back in userinfo like { \"claim\": \"True\" | \"False\" }\n+            # the claim comes back in userinfo like { \"claim\": \"1\" | \"0\" }\n+            claim_value = int(claim_value) if claim_value else None\n             if claim_value is None:\n                 logger.warning(f\"userinfo did not contain: {verifier_claim}\")\n-            elif claim_value.lower() == \"true\":\n-                # if userinfo contains our claim and the flag is true, store the *claim*\n+            elif claim_value == 1:\n+                # if userinfo contains our claim and the flag is 1 (true), store the *claim*\n                 stored_claim = verifier_claim\n \n     session.update(request, oauth_token=id_token, oauth_claim=stored_claim)\n", "issue": "Refactor claims handling for integer claims\nDuring the OAuth `authorize` flow, we look for [boolean claim values](https://github.com/cal-itp/benefits/blob/dev/benefits/oauth/views.py#L75) to determine if the user is eligible.\n\nIdG is changing their claims implementation to cut down on the size of the token being sent to Benefits. Instead of booleans, they will use integers to indicate claim values:\n\n* `0` will indicate `False` (i.e. the claim indicates eligibility failed)\n* `1` will indicate `True` (i.e. the claim indicates eligibility succeeded)\n* Any other integer `>= 10` will indicate an error code\n\n**Note:** the claim values are transmitted in the token as `str`, and should be parsed to `int` before usage.\n\n## Acceptance Criteria\n\n<!-- Remember to consider edge cases -->\n\n- [ ] `authorize` processes integer claims as described above\n\n## Additional context\n\nWhile we work to implement this change, existing flows for Older Adults and Veterans will use both claim styles. New flows for CalFresh and the new Veterans API will ~only use the newer integer claim style, so this refactor is necessary for supporting those flows.~ also support both styles to allow us time to implement and cut over. There are an entirely new set of scopes created for the integer-based claims so as not to interfere with the existing implementation.\n\nOnce we have this change tested and deployed, IdG will cutover all flows to use the integer style only.\n\nMapping error codes to error messages and analytics will be handled in #2049.\n\nSee [this Slack thread](https://cal-itp.slack.com/archives/C037Y3UE71P/p1714434750536319) from @johnatstate for more context.\n", "before_files": [{"content": "import logging\n\nfrom django.shortcuts import redirect\nfrom django.urls import reverse\nfrom django.utils.decorators import decorator_from_middleware\n\nfrom benefits.core import session\nfrom . import analytics, redirects\nfrom .client import oauth\nfrom .middleware import VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired\n\n\nlogger = logging.getLogger(__name__)\n\n\nROUTE_AUTH = \"oauth:authorize\"\nROUTE_START = \"eligibility:start\"\nROUTE_CONFIRM = \"eligibility:confirm\"\nROUTE_UNVERIFIED = \"eligibility:unverified\"\nROUTE_POST_LOGOUT = \"oauth:post_logout\"\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef login(request):\n    \"\"\"View implementing OIDC authorize_redirect.\"\"\"\n    verifier = session.verifier(request)\n    oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)\n\n    if not oauth_client:\n        raise Exception(f\"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}\")\n\n    route = reverse(ROUTE_AUTH)\n    redirect_uri = redirects.generate_redirect_uri(request, route)\n\n    logger.debug(f\"OAuth authorize_redirect with redirect_uri: {redirect_uri}\")\n\n    analytics.started_sign_in(request)\n\n    return oauth_client.authorize_redirect(request, redirect_uri)\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef authorize(request):\n    \"\"\"View implementing OIDC token authorization.\"\"\"\n    verifier = session.verifier(request)\n    oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)\n\n    if not oauth_client:\n        raise Exception(f\"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}\")\n\n    logger.debug(\"Attempting to authorize OAuth access token\")\n    token = oauth_client.authorize_access_token(request)\n\n    if token is None:\n        logger.warning(\"Could not authorize OAuth access token\")\n        return redirect(ROUTE_START)\n\n    logger.debug(\"OAuth access token authorized\")\n\n    # We store the id_token in the user's session. This is the minimal amount of information needed later to log the user out.\n    id_token = token[\"id_token\"]\n\n    # We store the returned claim in case it can be used later in eligibility verification.\n    verifier_claim = verifier.auth_provider.claim\n    stored_claim = None\n\n    if verifier_claim:\n        userinfo = token.get(\"userinfo\")\n\n        if userinfo:\n            claim_value = userinfo.get(verifier_claim)\n            # the claim comes back in userinfo like { \"claim\": \"True\" | \"False\" }\n            if claim_value is None:\n                logger.warning(f\"userinfo did not contain: {verifier_claim}\")\n            elif claim_value.lower() == \"true\":\n                # if userinfo contains our claim and the flag is true, store the *claim*\n                stored_claim = verifier_claim\n\n    session.update(request, oauth_token=id_token, oauth_claim=stored_claim)\n\n    analytics.finished_sign_in(request)\n\n    return redirect(ROUTE_CONFIRM)\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef cancel(request):\n    \"\"\"View implementing cancellation of OIDC authorization.\"\"\"\n\n    analytics.canceled_sign_in(request)\n\n    return redirect(ROUTE_UNVERIFIED)\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef logout(request):\n    \"\"\"View implementing OIDC and application sign out.\"\"\"\n    verifier = session.verifier(request)\n    oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)\n\n    if not oauth_client:\n        raise Exception(f\"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}\")\n\n    analytics.started_sign_out(request)\n\n    # overwrite the oauth session token, the user is signed out of the app\n    token = session.oauth_token(request)\n    session.logout(request)\n\n    route = reverse(ROUTE_POST_LOGOUT)\n    redirect_uri = redirects.generate_redirect_uri(request, route)\n\n    logger.debug(f\"OAuth end_session_endpoint with redirect_uri: {redirect_uri}\")\n\n    # send the user through the end_session_endpoint, redirecting back to\n    # the post_logout route\n    return redirects.deauthorize_redirect(oauth_client, token, redirect_uri)\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef post_logout(request):\n    \"\"\"View routes the user to their origin after sign out.\"\"\"\n\n    analytics.finished_sign_out(request)\n\n    origin = session.origin(request)\n    return redirect(origin)\n", "path": "benefits/oauth/views.py"}], "after_files": [{"content": "import logging\n\nfrom django.shortcuts import redirect\nfrom django.urls import reverse\nfrom django.utils.decorators import decorator_from_middleware\n\nfrom benefits.core import session\nfrom . import analytics, redirects\nfrom .client import oauth\nfrom .middleware import VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired\n\n\nlogger = logging.getLogger(__name__)\n\n\nROUTE_AUTH = \"oauth:authorize\"\nROUTE_START = \"eligibility:start\"\nROUTE_CONFIRM = \"eligibility:confirm\"\nROUTE_UNVERIFIED = \"eligibility:unverified\"\nROUTE_POST_LOGOUT = \"oauth:post_logout\"\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef login(request):\n    \"\"\"View implementing OIDC authorize_redirect.\"\"\"\n    verifier = session.verifier(request)\n    oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)\n\n    if not oauth_client:\n        raise Exception(f\"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}\")\n\n    route = reverse(ROUTE_AUTH)\n    redirect_uri = redirects.generate_redirect_uri(request, route)\n\n    logger.debug(f\"OAuth authorize_redirect with redirect_uri: {redirect_uri}\")\n\n    analytics.started_sign_in(request)\n\n    return oauth_client.authorize_redirect(request, redirect_uri)\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef authorize(request):\n    \"\"\"View implementing OIDC token authorization.\"\"\"\n    verifier = session.verifier(request)\n    oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)\n\n    if not oauth_client:\n        raise Exception(f\"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}\")\n\n    logger.debug(\"Attempting to authorize OAuth access token\")\n    token = oauth_client.authorize_access_token(request)\n\n    if token is None:\n        logger.warning(\"Could not authorize OAuth access token\")\n        return redirect(ROUTE_START)\n\n    logger.debug(\"OAuth access token authorized\")\n\n    # We store the id_token in the user's session. This is the minimal amount of information needed later to log the user out.\n    id_token = token[\"id_token\"]\n\n    # We store the returned claim in case it can be used later in eligibility verification.\n    verifier_claim = verifier.auth_provider.claim\n    stored_claim = None\n\n    if verifier_claim:\n        userinfo = token.get(\"userinfo\")\n\n        if userinfo:\n            claim_value = userinfo.get(verifier_claim)\n            # the claim comes back in userinfo like { \"claim\": \"1\" | \"0\" }\n            claim_value = int(claim_value) if claim_value else None\n            if claim_value is None:\n                logger.warning(f\"userinfo did not contain: {verifier_claim}\")\n            elif claim_value == 1:\n                # if userinfo contains our claim and the flag is 1 (true), store the *claim*\n                stored_claim = verifier_claim\n\n    session.update(request, oauth_token=id_token, oauth_claim=stored_claim)\n\n    analytics.finished_sign_in(request)\n\n    return redirect(ROUTE_CONFIRM)\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef cancel(request):\n    \"\"\"View implementing cancellation of OIDC authorization.\"\"\"\n\n    analytics.canceled_sign_in(request)\n\n    return redirect(ROUTE_UNVERIFIED)\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef logout(request):\n    \"\"\"View implementing OIDC and application sign out.\"\"\"\n    verifier = session.verifier(request)\n    oauth_client = oauth.create_client(verifier.auth_provider.client_name)\n\n    if not oauth_client:\n        raise Exception(f\"oauth_client not registered: {verifier.auth_provider.client_name}\")\n\n    analytics.started_sign_out(request)\n\n    # overwrite the oauth session token, the user is signed out of the app\n    token = session.oauth_token(request)\n    session.logout(request)\n\n    route = reverse(ROUTE_POST_LOGOUT)\n    redirect_uri = redirects.generate_redirect_uri(request, route)\n\n    logger.debug(f\"OAuth end_session_endpoint with redirect_uri: {redirect_uri}\")\n\n    # send the user through the end_session_endpoint, redirecting back to\n    # the post_logout route\n    return redirects.deauthorize_redirect(oauth_client, token, redirect_uri)\n\n\n@decorator_from_middleware(VerifierUsesAuthVerificationSessionRequired)\ndef post_logout(request):\n    \"\"\"View routes the user to their origin after sign out.\"\"\"\n\n    analytics.finished_sign_out(request)\n\n    origin = session.origin(request)\n    return redirect(origin)\n", "path": "benefits/oauth/views.py"}]}