prompt: We are currently solving the following issue within our repository. Here is the issue text:
  --- BEGIN ISSUE ---
  [BUG] Patch += operation not working on the patch object.
  If you have a patch object for a number prop and try to do `patched += 1`,  the callback will fail with an error, `returned non serializable object`.
  
  Example:
  ```
  app = Dash()
  app.layout = [dcc.Store(data=0, store="store"), html.Button("click", id="click")]
  @app.callback(Output("store", "data"), Input("click", "n_clicks"))
  def on_click(_):
      patched = Patch()
      patched += 1
      return patched
  ```
  
  Clicking on the button result in the error, it should instead update the store data prop to +1.
  
  --- END ISSUE ---
  
  Below are some code segments, each from a relevant file. One or more of these files may contain bugs.
  --- BEGIN FILES ---
  Path: `dash/_patch.py`
  Content:
  ```
  1 def _operation(name, location, **kwargs):
  2     return {"operation": name, "location": location, "params": dict(**kwargs)}
  3 
  4 
  5 _noop = object()
  6 
  7 
  8 def validate_slice(obj):
  9     if isinstance(obj, slice):
  10         raise TypeError("a slice is not a valid index for patch")
  11 
  12 
  13 class Patch:
  14     """
  15     Patch a callback output value
  16 
  17     Act like a proxy of the output prop value on the frontend.
  18 
  19     Supported prop types: Dictionaries and lists.
  20     """
  21 
  22     def __init__(self, location=None, parent=None):
  23         if location is not None:
  24             self._location = location
  25         else:
  26             # pylint: disable=consider-using-ternary
  27             self._location = (parent and parent._location) or []
  28         if parent is not None:
  29             self._operations = parent._operations
  30         else:
  31             self._operations = []
  32 
  33     def __getstate__(self):
  34         return vars(self)
  35 
  36     def __setstate__(self, state):
  37         vars(self).update(state)
  38 
  39     def __getitem__(self, item):
  40         validate_slice(item)
  41         return Patch(location=self._location + [item], parent=self)
  42 
  43     def __getattr__(self, item):
  44         if item == "tolist":
  45             # to_json fix
  46             raise AttributeError
  47         if item == "_location":
  48             return self._location
  49         if item == "_operations":
  50             return self._operations
  51         return self.__getitem__(item)
  52 
  53     def __setattr__(self, key, value):
  54         if key in ("_location", "_operations"):
  55             self.__dict__[key] = value
  56         else:
  57             self.__setitem__(key, value)
  58 
  59     def __delattr__(self, item):
  60         self.__delitem__(item)
  61 
  62     def __setitem__(self, key, value):
  63         validate_slice(key)
  64         if value is _noop:
  65             # The += set themselves.
  66             return
  67         self._operations.append(
  68             _operation(
  69                 "Assign",
  70                 self._location + [key],
  71                 value=value,
  72             )
  73         )
  74 
  75     def __delitem__(self, key):
  76         validate_slice(key)
  77         self._operations.append(_operation("Delete", self._location + [key]))
  78 
  79     def __iadd__(self, other):
  80         if isinstance(other, (list, tuple)):
  81             self.extend(other)
  82         else:
  83             self._operations.append(_operation("Add", self._location, value=other))
  84         return _noop
  85 
  86     def __isub__(self, other):
  87         self._operations.append(_operation("Sub", self._location, value=other))
  88         return _noop
  89 
  90     def __imul__(self, other):
  91         self._operations.append(_operation("Mul", self._location, value=other))
  92         return _noop
  93 
  94     def __itruediv__(self, other):
  95         self._operations.append(_operation("Div", self._location, value=other))
  96         return _noop
  97 
  98     def __ior__(self, other):
  99         self.update(E=other)
  100         return _noop
  101 
  102     def __iter__(self):
  103         raise TypeError("Patch objects are write-only, you cannot iterate them.")
  104 
  105     def __repr__(self):
  106         return f"<write-only dash.Patch object at {self._location}>"
  107 
  108     def append(self, item):
  109         """Add the item to the end of a list"""
  110         self._operations.append(_operation("Append", self._location, value=item))
  111 
  112     def prepend(self, item):
  113         """Add the item to the start of a list"""
  114         self._operations.append(_operation("Prepend", self._location, value=item))
  115 
  116     def insert(self, index, item):
  117         """Add the item at the index of a list"""
  118         self._operations.append(
  119             _operation("Insert", self._location, value=item, index=index)
  120         )
  121 
  122     def clear(self):
  123         """Remove all items in a list"""
  124         self._operations.append(_operation("Clear", self._location))
  125 
  126     def reverse(self):
  127         """Reversal of the order of items in a list"""
  128         self._operations.append(_operation("Reverse", self._location))
  129 
  130     def extend(self, item):
  131         """Add all the items to the end of a list"""
  132         if not isinstance(item, (list, tuple)):
  133             raise TypeError(f"{item} should be a list or tuple")
  134         self._operations.append(_operation("Extend", self._location, value=item))
  135 
  136     def remove(self, item):
  137         """filter the item out of a list on the frontend"""
  138         self._operations.append(_operation("Remove", self._location, value=item))
  139 
  140     def update(self, E=None, **F):
  141         """Merge a dict or keyword arguments with another dictionary"""
  142         value = E or {}
  143         value.update(F)
  144         self._operations.append(_operation("Merge", self._location, value=value))
  145 
  146     # pylint: disable=no-self-use
  147     def sort(self):
  148         raise KeyError(
  149             "sort is reserved for future use, use brackets to access this key on your object"
  150         )
  151 
  152     def to_plotly_json(self):
  153         return {
  154             "__dash_patch_update": "__dash_patch_update",
  155             "operations": self._operations,
  156         }
  157
  ```
  --- END FILES ---
  
  Please first localize the bug based on the issue statement, and then generate a patch according to the `git diff` format fenced by three backticks.
  
  Here is an example:
  
  ```diff
  diff --git a/examples/server_async.py b/examples/server_async.py
  --- a/examples/server_async.py
  +++ b/examples/server_async.py
  @@ -313,4 +313,4 @@
   
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
  -    asyncio.run(run_async_server("."), debug=True)
  +    asyncio.run(run_async_server(), debug=True)
  diff --git a/examples/server_sync.py b/examples/server_sync.py
  --- a/examples/server_sync.py
  +++ b/examples/server_sync.py
  @@ -313,5 +313,5 @@
   
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
  -    server = run_sync_server(".")
  +    server = run_sync_server()
       server.shutdown()
  
  ```
  
golden_diff: diff --git a/dash/_patch.py b/dash/_patch.py
  --- a/dash/_patch.py
  +++ b/dash/_patch.py
  @@ -36,18 +36,18 @@
       def __setstate__(self, state):
           vars(self).update(state)
   
  -    def __getitem__(self, item):
  +    def __getitem__(self, item) -> "Patch":
           validate_slice(item)
           return Patch(location=self._location + [item], parent=self)
   
  -    def __getattr__(self, item):
  +    def __getattr__(self, item) -> "Patch":
           if item == "tolist":
               # to_json fix
               raise AttributeError
           if item == "_location":
  -            return self._location
  +            return self._location  # type: ignore
           if item == "_operations":
  -            return self._operations
  +            return self._operations  # type: ignore
           return self.__getitem__(item)
   
       def __setattr__(self, key, value):
  @@ -81,22 +81,32 @@
               self.extend(other)
           else:
               self._operations.append(_operation("Add", self._location, value=other))
  +        if not self._location:
  +            return self
           return _noop
   
       def __isub__(self, other):
           self._operations.append(_operation("Sub", self._location, value=other))
  +        if not self._location:
  +            return self
           return _noop
   
       def __imul__(self, other):
           self._operations.append(_operation("Mul", self._location, value=other))
  +        if not self._location:
  +            return self
           return _noop
   
       def __itruediv__(self, other):
           self._operations.append(_operation("Div", self._location, value=other))
  +        if not self._location:
  +            return self
           return _noop
   
       def __ior__(self, other):
           self.update(E=other)
  +        if not self._location:
  +            return self
           return _noop
   
       def __iter__(self):
  
verification_info: {"golden_diff": "diff --git a/dash/_patch.py b/dash/_patch.py\n--- a/dash/_patch.py\n+++ b/dash/_patch.py\n@@ -36,18 +36,18 @@\n     def __setstate__(self, state):\n         vars(self).update(state)\n \n-    def __getitem__(self, item):\n+    def __getitem__(self, item) -> \"Patch\":\n         validate_slice(item)\n         return Patch(location=self._location + [item], parent=self)\n \n-    def __getattr__(self, item):\n+    def __getattr__(self, item) -> \"Patch\":\n         if item == \"tolist\":\n             # to_json fix\n             raise AttributeError\n         if item == \"_location\":\n-            return self._location\n+            return self._location  # type: ignore\n         if item == \"_operations\":\n-            return self._operations\n+            return self._operations  # type: ignore\n         return self.__getitem__(item)\n \n     def __setattr__(self, key, value):\n@@ -81,22 +81,32 @@\n             self.extend(other)\n         else:\n             self._operations.append(_operation(\"Add\", self._location, value=other))\n+        if not self._location:\n+            return self\n         return _noop\n \n     def __isub__(self, other):\n         self._operations.append(_operation(\"Sub\", self._location, value=other))\n+        if not self._location:\n+            return self\n         return _noop\n \n     def __imul__(self, other):\n         self._operations.append(_operation(\"Mul\", self._location, value=other))\n+        if not self._location:\n+            return self\n         return _noop\n \n     def __itruediv__(self, other):\n         self._operations.append(_operation(\"Div\", self._location, value=other))\n+        if not self._location:\n+            return self\n         return _noop\n \n     def __ior__(self, other):\n         self.update(E=other)\n+        if not self._location:\n+            return self\n         return _noop\n \n     def __iter__(self):\n", "issue": "[BUG] Patch += operation not working on the patch object.\nIf you have a patch object for a number prop and try to do `patched += 1`,  the callback will fail with an error, `returned non serializable object`.\r\n\r\nExample:\r\n```\r\napp = Dash()\r\napp.layout = [dcc.Store(data=0, store=\"store\"), html.Button(\"click\", id=\"click\")]\r\n@app.callback(Output(\"store\", \"data\"), Input(\"click\", \"n_clicks\"))\r\ndef on_click(_):\r\n    patched = Patch()\r\n    patched += 1\r\n    return patched\r\n```\r\n\r\nClicking on the button result in the error, it should instead update the store data prop to +1.\n", "before_files": [{"content": "def _operation(name, location, **kwargs):\n    return {\"operation\": name, \"location\": location, \"params\": dict(**kwargs)}\n\n\n_noop = object()\n\n\ndef validate_slice(obj):\n    if isinstance(obj, slice):\n        raise TypeError(\"a slice is not a valid index for patch\")\n\n\nclass Patch:\n    \"\"\"\n    Patch a callback output value\n\n    Act like a proxy of the output prop value on the frontend.\n\n    Supported prop types: Dictionaries and lists.\n    \"\"\"\n\n    def __init__(self, location=None, parent=None):\n        if location is not None:\n            self._location = location\n        else:\n            # pylint: disable=consider-using-ternary\n            self._location = (parent and parent._location) or []\n        if parent is not None:\n            self._operations = parent._operations\n        else:\n            self._operations = []\n\n    def __getstate__(self):\n        return vars(self)\n\n    def __setstate__(self, state):\n        vars(self).update(state)\n\n    def __getitem__(self, item):\n        validate_slice(item)\n        return Patch(location=self._location + [item], parent=self)\n\n    def __getattr__(self, item):\n        if item == \"tolist\":\n            # to_json fix\n            raise AttributeError\n        if item == \"_location\":\n            return self._location\n        if item == \"_operations\":\n            return self._operations\n        return self.__getitem__(item)\n\n    def __setattr__(self, key, value):\n        if key in (\"_location\", \"_operations\"):\n            self.__dict__[key] = value\n        else:\n            self.__setitem__(key, value)\n\n    def __delattr__(self, item):\n        self.__delitem__(item)\n\n    def __setitem__(self, key, value):\n        validate_slice(key)\n        if value is _noop:\n            # The += set themselves.\n            return\n        self._operations.append(\n            _operation(\n                \"Assign\",\n                self._location + [key],\n                value=value,\n            )\n        )\n\n    def __delitem__(self, key):\n        validate_slice(key)\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Delete\", self._location + [key]))\n\n    def __iadd__(self, other):\n        if isinstance(other, (list, tuple)):\n            self.extend(other)\n        else:\n            self._operations.append(_operation(\"Add\", self._location, value=other))\n        return _noop\n\n    def __isub__(self, other):\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Sub\", self._location, value=other))\n        return _noop\n\n    def __imul__(self, other):\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Mul\", self._location, value=other))\n        return _noop\n\n    def __itruediv__(self, other):\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Div\", self._location, value=other))\n        return _noop\n\n    def __ior__(self, other):\n        self.update(E=other)\n        return _noop\n\n    def __iter__(self):\n        raise TypeError(\"Patch objects are write-only, you cannot iterate them.\")\n\n    def __repr__(self):\n        return f\"<write-only dash.Patch object at {self._location}>\"\n\n    def append(self, item):\n        \"\"\"Add the item to the end of a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Append\", self._location, value=item))\n\n    def prepend(self, item):\n        \"\"\"Add the item to the start of a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Prepend\", self._location, value=item))\n\n    def insert(self, index, item):\n        \"\"\"Add the item at the index of a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(\n            _operation(\"Insert\", self._location, value=item, index=index)\n        )\n\n    def clear(self):\n        \"\"\"Remove all items in a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Clear\", self._location))\n\n    def reverse(self):\n        \"\"\"Reversal of the order of items in a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Reverse\", self._location))\n\n    def extend(self, item):\n        \"\"\"Add all the items to the end of a list\"\"\"\n        if not isinstance(item, (list, tuple)):\n            raise TypeError(f\"{item} should be a list or tuple\")\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Extend\", self._location, value=item))\n\n    def remove(self, item):\n        \"\"\"filter the item out of a list on the frontend\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Remove\", self._location, value=item))\n\n    def update(self, E=None, **F):\n        \"\"\"Merge a dict or keyword arguments with another dictionary\"\"\"\n        value = E or {}\n        value.update(F)\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Merge\", self._location, value=value))\n\n    # pylint: disable=no-self-use\n    def sort(self):\n        raise KeyError(\n            \"sort is reserved for future use, use brackets to access this key on your object\"\n        )\n\n    def to_plotly_json(self):\n        return {\n            \"__dash_patch_update\": \"__dash_patch_update\",\n            \"operations\": self._operations,\n        }\n", "path": "dash/_patch.py"}], "after_files": [{"content": "def _operation(name, location, **kwargs):\n    return {\"operation\": name, \"location\": location, \"params\": dict(**kwargs)}\n\n\n_noop = object()\n\n\ndef validate_slice(obj):\n    if isinstance(obj, slice):\n        raise TypeError(\"a slice is not a valid index for patch\")\n\n\nclass Patch:\n    \"\"\"\n    Patch a callback output value\n\n    Act like a proxy of the output prop value on the frontend.\n\n    Supported prop types: Dictionaries and lists.\n    \"\"\"\n\n    def __init__(self, location=None, parent=None):\n        if location is not None:\n            self._location = location\n        else:\n            # pylint: disable=consider-using-ternary\n            self._location = (parent and parent._location) or []\n        if parent is not None:\n            self._operations = parent._operations\n        else:\n            self._operations = []\n\n    def __getstate__(self):\n        return vars(self)\n\n    def __setstate__(self, state):\n        vars(self).update(state)\n\n    def __getitem__(self, item) -> \"Patch\":\n        validate_slice(item)\n        return Patch(location=self._location + [item], parent=self)\n\n    def __getattr__(self, item) -> \"Patch\":\n        if item == \"tolist\":\n            # to_json fix\n            raise AttributeError\n        if item == \"_location\":\n            return self._location  # type: ignore\n        if item == \"_operations\":\n            return self._operations  # type: ignore\n        return self.__getitem__(item)\n\n    def __setattr__(self, key, value):\n        if key in (\"_location\", \"_operations\"):\n            self.__dict__[key] = value\n        else:\n            self.__setitem__(key, value)\n\n    def __delattr__(self, item):\n        self.__delitem__(item)\n\n    def __setitem__(self, key, value):\n        validate_slice(key)\n        if value is _noop:\n            # The += set themselves.\n            return\n        self._operations.append(\n            _operation(\n                \"Assign\",\n                self._location + [key],\n                value=value,\n            )\n        )\n\n    def __delitem__(self, key):\n        validate_slice(key)\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Delete\", self._location + [key]))\n\n    def __iadd__(self, other):\n        if isinstance(other, (list, tuple)):\n            self.extend(other)\n        else:\n            self._operations.append(_operation(\"Add\", self._location, value=other))\n        if not self._location:\n            return self\n        return _noop\n\n    def __isub__(self, other):\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Sub\", self._location, value=other))\n        if not self._location:\n            return self\n        return _noop\n\n    def __imul__(self, other):\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Mul\", self._location, value=other))\n        if not self._location:\n            return self\n        return _noop\n\n    def __itruediv__(self, other):\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Div\", self._location, value=other))\n        if not self._location:\n            return self\n        return _noop\n\n    def __ior__(self, other):\n        self.update(E=other)\n        if not self._location:\n            return self\n        return _noop\n\n    def __iter__(self):\n        raise TypeError(\"Patch objects are write-only, you cannot iterate them.\")\n\n    def __repr__(self):\n        return f\"<write-only dash.Patch object at {self._location}>\"\n\n    def append(self, item):\n        \"\"\"Add the item to the end of a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Append\", self._location, value=item))\n\n    def prepend(self, item):\n        \"\"\"Add the item to the start of a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Prepend\", self._location, value=item))\n\n    def insert(self, index, item):\n        \"\"\"Add the item at the index of a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(\n            _operation(\"Insert\", self._location, value=item, index=index)\n        )\n\n    def clear(self):\n        \"\"\"Remove all items in a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Clear\", self._location))\n\n    def reverse(self):\n        \"\"\"Reversal of the order of items in a list\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Reverse\", self._location))\n\n    def extend(self, item):\n        \"\"\"Add all the items to the end of a list\"\"\"\n        if not isinstance(item, (list, tuple)):\n            raise TypeError(f\"{item} should be a list or tuple\")\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Extend\", self._location, value=item))\n\n    def remove(self, item):\n        \"\"\"filter the item out of a list on the frontend\"\"\"\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Remove\", self._location, value=item))\n\n    def update(self, E=None, **F):\n        \"\"\"Merge a dict or keyword arguments with another dictionary\"\"\"\n        value = E or {}\n        value.update(F)\n        self._operations.append(_operation(\"Merge\", self._location, value=value))\n\n    # pylint: disable=no-self-use\n    def sort(self):\n        raise KeyError(\n            \"sort is reserved for future use, use brackets to access this key on your object\"\n        )\n\n    def to_plotly_json(self):\n        return {\n            \"__dash_patch_update\": \"__dash_patch_update\",\n            \"operations\": self._operations,\n        }\n", "path": "dash/_patch.py"}]}