CTSB, Official Symbol CTSBprovided by HGNC Official Full Name cathepsin Bprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:2527 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000164733 MIM:116810; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2527 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as KWE; APPS; CPSB; RECEUP Summary This gene encodes a member of the C1 family of peptidases. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. At least one of these variants encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate multiple protein products. These products include the cathepsin B light and heavy chains, which can dimerize to form the double chain form of the enzyme. This enzyme is a lysosomal cysteine protease with both endopeptidase and exopeptidase activity that may play a role in protein turnover. It is also known as amyloid precursor protein secretase and is involved in the proteolytic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Incomplete proteolytic processing of APP has been suggested to be a causative factor in Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia. Overexpression of the encoded protein has been associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma and other tumors. Both Cathepsin B and Cathepsin L are involved in the cleavage of the spike protein from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) upon its entry to the human host cell. Multiple pseudogenes of this gene have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2020] Annotation information Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Expression Broad expression in thyroid (RPKM 602.1), appendix (RPKM 198.7) and 21 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all