TXNRD2, Official Symbol TXNRD2provided by HGNC Official Full Name thioredoxin reductase 2provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:18155 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000184470 MIM:606448; AllianceGenome:HGNC:18155 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as TR; TR3; SELZ; GCCD5; TRXR2; TXNR2; TR-BETA Summary The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. TrxRs are selenocysteine-containing flavoenzymes, which reduce thioredoxins, as well as other substrates, and play a key role in redox homoeostasis. This gene encodes a mitochondrial form important for scavenging reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. It functions as a homodimer containing FAD, and selenocysteine (Sec) at the active site. Sec is encoded by UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms, including a few localized in the cytosol and some lacking the C-terminal Sec residue, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2017] Expression Ubiquitous expression in adrenal (RPKM 8.7), prostate (RPKM 8.7) and 25 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all