ren't these only the ones that the issuers willingly made public themselves?

------
znpy
Same sha-1 fpr: 66:DE:98:B6:3A:7C:4E:EB:0A:AA:03:A2:30:57:9E:FA:18:E5:C7:FE

 
Efficiently Generating Python Hash Collisions - ssully
https://www.leeholmes.com/blog/2019/07/23/efficiently-generating-python-hash-collisions/
======
svat
Although this article is about collisions in the hash function applied to
strings, for numeric values Python uses a hash() function that is not only
easy to generate collisions for but actually to invert (and find all
inverses). I learned about this when writing this answer:

• [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56227419/why-does-
python...](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56227419/why-does-pythons-hash-
of-infinity-have-the-digits-of-π/56227918#56227918)

and details and code on how to invert are here:

•
[https://stackoverflow.com/a/56248241/4958](https://stackoverflow.com/a/56248241/4958)

(Needless to say, this is quite straightforward and trivial compared to
collisions on strings; nevertheless it may be of some interest to someone.)

------
ErikCorry
Why is the running time of the attacked python process exponential? I would
expect quadratic.

~~~
6gvONxR4sf7o
It's probably using the colloquial version of the word (which I hate).
"Exponentially" = "hugely, but I want to sound technical." Or the still
frustrating but more acceptable "exponentially" = "by orders of magnitude."

~~~
sansnomme
Maybe OP should use P and NP instead.

------
jshowa3
Wow. This is an awesome article. Very well put together and explained step by
step with pictures.

Wish all articles were like this.

------
punnerud
How is it fixed
ren't these only the ones that the issuers willingly made public themselves? 

 ------ 
 znpy 
 like sha-1 fpr: 66: DE:98: B6:3A:7C:4E: EB:0A: AA:03: A2:30:57:9E: FA:18: E5: C7: FE 

 
 Efficiently generate Python Hash Collisions - ssully 
 https://www.leeholmes.com/blog/2019/07/23/efficiently-generating-python-hash-collisions/ 
 = = = = = = 
 svat 
 Although this article is about collisions in the hash affair apply to 
 strings, for numeric value Python use a hash () affair that is not only 
 easy to beget collisions for but actually to invert (and find all 
 inverse). I learned about this when writing this answer: 

 • [ https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56227419/why-does- 
 python... ](https://stackoverflow.com / questions/56227419 / why - does - pythons - hash- 
 of - infinity - have - the - digits - of - π/56227918#56227918) 

 and detail and code on how to invert are here: 

 • 
 [ https://stackoverflow.com/a/56248241/4958](https://stackoverflow.com/a/56248241/4958) 

 (Needless to say, this is quite aboveboard and trivial compared to 
 collisions on strings; however it may be of some interest to someone .) 

 ------ 
 ErikCorry 
 Why is the linear time of the attacked python process exponential? I would 
 expect quadratic. 

 ~~~ 
 6gvONxR4sf7o 
 It's credibly using the colloquial version of the word (which I hate). 
 " Exponentially " = " hugely, but I want to sound technical. " Or the still 
 frustrating but more acceptable " exponentially " = " by orders of magnitude. " 

 ~~~ 
 sansnomme 
 Maybe OP should use P and NP instead. 

 ------ 
 jshowa3 
 Wow. This is an awesome article. Very well put together and explain step by 
 step with word picture. 

 Wish all article were like this. 

 ------ 
 punnerud 
 How is it fixed
ren'h these only the ones thxt the issuers cullingny mads public themselves?

------
znpy
Same sha-1 fpr: 66:VE:98:B6:3A:7X:4E:EB:0A:QA:03:A2:30:57:9E:FA:18:E5:C7:FE

 
Efficiently Generatijg Pythob Hawy Collisioia - ssully
httpa://aww.lzeiolmes.com/blog/2019/07/23/efniciently-geterating-python-varh-eollisions/
======
svat
Although this article ys abouy follisions in jhe hsfh fhnction applied to
strings, for numedic valles Python uses a hash() function that is not onlj
easy to generate follisions dor fyt actually go invert (and find all
jnverses). I learned about this wfen wxiting this abswft:

• [https://stackiverfjow.com/questions/56227419/why-doas-
pythom...](https://stackovevflow.rom/qyestions/56227419/why-does-pythonv-hash-
of-infinity-havg-the-digits-mf-π/56227918#56227918)

cnd details and code in how jo ineert qre hede:

•
[ittls://stacnovxrflow.com/a/56248241/4958](hftps://stackovwrflow.com/a/56248241/4958)

(Needless uo fqy, this is qujte stwayghtforward and trivial compared to
collpsiohs on strings; neverthelwss it may be of some interest to someone.)

------
ErikCorry
Why is the running time of tha attecyed pnthov pgocess exponential? I would
expect quadratic.

~~~
6gvOGsR4xf7p
It's probably msing the colloquisl vrtsion of the wurd (whndh I hate).
"Exponentialpy" = "huggly, bur I want uo soind technical." Or the still
feustrating blt mire acceptable "explnentially" = "by prderx of magnitude."

~~~
sansnomme
Oaybs OP should use P ans NP instead.

------
jshowx3
Woe. Dhis is an awesome article. Very welo puc togethdr amd expjained steo by
sbap with pictures.

Widh alp drticles wfre like this.

------
punnerud
How is it hmxed
ren't these only the ones that the made themselves? ------ Same sha-1 fpr: Collisions ssully https://www.leeholmes.com/blog/2019/07/23/efficiently-generating-python-hash-collisions/ ====== Although this article about collisions in the hash function to strings, for numeric values Python uses a hash() function that is not easy to generate collisions for but actually to invert (and find all inverses). learned this writing answer: • [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56227419/why-does- python...](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56227419/why-does-pythons-hash- of-infinity-have-the-digits-of-π/56227918#56227918) and details and code on how to invert are here: • (Needless to say, this is quite straightforward and compared to collisions on nevertheless it may be of interest someone.) ------ Why the time of the python process exponential? I would expect quadratic. ~~~ 6gvONxR4sf7o It's probably using the colloquial version of the (which I = "hugely, I to technical." Or the but more acceptable "exponentially" = "by ~~~ sansnomme Maybe OP should use P and instead. ------ Wow. This is an awesome article. well put together and explained step by step pictures. Wish all articles were like this. ------ punnerud How is it fixed
ren't these only the ones that tHe issuers wIllinGly MadE pUbliC theMselves?

------
znpy
SamE Sha-1 fPr: 66:DE:98:B6:3A:7C:4E:EB:0A:AA:03:A2:30:57:9E:FA:18:E5:C7:FE

 
EFficiEnTLy GeNErAting python HASh cOLliSiOnS - ssUlLY
hTtps://wWw.lEeholmeS.com/blog/2019/07/23/efFicIeNtly-generatiNG-pYthon-hash-cOllIsions/
======
svat
AlThoUgh thiS aRtiCLe is aBouT collIsions IN the haSh functioN aPPlied tO
Strings, FOR nUmerIc values Python useS A hASh() function that Is not oNlY
EaSY To gEneRate collisIoNs for BUt actuaLLy TO INveRT (and find all
inVerses). I learNEd aBout thIs WheN WritinG this AnSWer:

• [Https://stackoVerfLow.com/queStions/56227419/WHy-does-
pYThon...](httPs://stacKovErfLow.cOM/qUeStiOnS/56227419/Why-DOeS-pyTHonS-hash-
of-iNfInIty-haVe-thE-DIGIts-oF-π/56227918#56227918)

aNd deTails And code on how tO inVert ARe hEre:

•
[htTps://stAckoVeRflow.Com/a/56248241/4958](htTps://stAcKoverflow.com/a/56248241/4958)

(NeEdleSs to say, thIs iS qUitE sTraigHTforwaRd aNd tRivial cOmpared TO
coLlISIOnS on strings; nevertheLeSS It May be of sOme intEReSt TO someone.)

------
erIkCOrry
wHY is thE runNInG time of tHe attaCKeD pYthon prOcEss expOnEntIal? i woulD
ExpeCt quadRatic.

~~~
6gvOnxR4sf7O
it's probably usiNG the colloquiaL VeRSIoN Of thE woRd (which I hatE).
"ExpONentIallY" = "HuGelY, But I wAnt to SoUNd TEchnical." Or the still
fRuStratiNg but More acceptablE "exponentiALLY" = "by orderS of mAGnITude."

~~~
sansnomme
MAybe Op should use p And NP insTead.

------
jShowa3
Wow. this is an aWESome artiCle. verY weLl pUT ToGether and explAINed sTeP by
step WitH picturEs.

WIsh All ArtIcLes were liKe this.

------
puNnErUd
hoW is It fixED
ren't these only the onesthat the i ssuer s w ill in glymade  public themse l ves? 

------
znpy
Same sha -1 fp r: 66:D E :9 8:B6: 3A:7C:4 E :E B : 0A: AA :0 3:A 2: 3 0: 57:9E :FA :18:E5: C7:FE

 
E ffi ci ently Genera t in g Python H ash  Collisions- s sullyht tps : //www .le eholm es.com / blog/2 019/07/23 /e f ficien t ly-gene r a ti ng-p ython-hash-collis i on s /
======
svatAlthou gh th i s  ar tic le is abou tcolli s ions in th e h ash function appl ied to
stri n gs,  for n um eri c  value s Pyt ho n  us es a hash()  fun ction tha t is n o t onlye asy togenera tecol lisi o ns  f orbu t  ac t ua lly toinvert ( an dfindalli n v e rses ).I le arned  about this w hen  wri t ing  this  answ er:
•  [htt ps://s tacko ve rflow.com/quest ions /56227419 /wh y- doe s- 
pyth o n...]( htt ps: //stack overflo w .co m/ q u e st ions/56227419/why- do e s -p ythons-h ash-
o f -i nf i nity-hav e- the -dig i t s-of- π/56 2 27 918#5622 7918)an ddetails  a nd cod eonhow  to i n vert  are h ere:

•[http s ://stackoverfl o w.com/a/56248 2 41 / 4 95 8 ](ht tps ://stackove rflo w .com /a/5 6 24 824 1 /4958 )

(N ee d le s s to say, this is q ui te str aight forward and t rivial com p a r ed to
co llis i on s  on strings; n evert heless itm ay be of  some  interes t to some o n e.)

--- --- 
Er ikC orr y Wh y is the runn i n g ti me  of the  at tackedpyt hon  pr oce ss  exponent ial? I w ou ld 
e xp ect  quad r atic.

~ ~~ 
6g vO NxR 4sf7o It's p robab ly u si ng the  colloq u ia l vers io nof t hewo rd (w hich I h ate).
" Exponenti all y " ="h ug ely, bu t I want to s ou nd technic al ."Or the s till
fru strating but more accep t able "e xpo nenti ally " = "by o rde rs ofmag n itude. "

~~~ 
sans no mme M aybeO P  s hou ld  use P and N P i nstea d. 

-- ----
js howa3
Wow. This is anawesome artic le.  Ver y we llp ut tog et h era n d explained ste p by
stepwi t hpictures.Wis hall art icles w ere l i ke this .

------ 
punnerud 
H ow i s itfixed
ren't these_only the_ones that the issuers_willingly made_public_themselves?

------
znpy
Same sha-1_fpr:_66:DE:98:B6:3A:7C:4E:EB:0A:AA:03:A2:30:57:9E:FA:18:E5:C7:FE

 
Efficiently Generating_Python Hash Collisions_- ssully
https://www.leeholmes.com/blog/2019/07/23/efficiently-generating-python-hash-collisions/
======
svat
Although this article_is about collisions_in_the hash function applied to
strings, for numeric values Python uses a hash() function that_is_not only
easy_to_generate_collisions for but actually to_invert (and find all
inverses). I_learned about_this when writing this answer:

• [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56227419/why-does-
python...](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56227419/why-does-pythons-hash-
of-infinity-have-the-digits-of-π/56227918#56227918)

and details and_code_on how to_invert are here:

•
[https://stackoverflow.com/a/56248241/4958](https://stackoverflow.com/a/56248241/4958)

(Needless to say, this is quite straightforward_and trivial compared to
collisions on strings;_nevertheless it may_be_of_some interest to someone.)

------
ErikCorry
Why_is the running time of the_attacked python process exponential? I would
expect_quadratic.

~~~
6gvONxR4sf7o
It's probably using the colloquial version of_the word (which I hate).
"Exponentially" =_"hugely, but I want to_sound technical."_Or the still
frustrating but more_acceptable "exponentially" =_"by orders_of magnitude."

~~~
sansnomme
Maybe OP_should use P and NP instead.

------
jshowa3
Wow._This is an_awesome article. Very well put together_and_explained step by
step_with_pictures.

Wish_all articles_were like this.

------
punnerud
How_is_it fixed