.

Greeks

The Ottoman Empire under the Young Turks, followed by Mustafa Kemal and his Nationalists, committed genocide against their Greek citizens from 1913–1923, killing approximately 1.2 million Greeks, 353,000 of whom were Pontic Greeks from the Black Sea area.

Muslims
After the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, for reliability reasons, the data regarding the Muslim casualties had to be collected by region. The records regarding the Muslim civilians were sealed at the time of the Paris Peace Conference, and there is very little literature review on the Muslim millet, compared to Christian millet of the Empire (see: Armenian casualties).

One plausible explanation that needs further study may be attributable to productivity patterns of the Muslim millet, which could have dropped beyond sustainable levels since most of the men were under arms.

The Anatolian refugees included people who had migrated from war zones and immediate vicinity attempting, by doing so, to escape persecution. For World War I, the relatively most reliable sources can be found for Anatolia, especially in relation to the Caucasus Campaign. There is a total number reached and reported by the Ottoman Empire at the end of 1916. On the basis of previous Ottoman census, the Turkish historian Kamer Kasim (Manchester University, PhD), arrives at the conclusion that the movements of refugees from the Caucasus war zone had reached 1.500.000 people who were relocated in the Mediterranean region and Central Anatolia under very difficult conditions. Kamer Kasım's number or any other number on this issue has not been reported in western sources.

The most horrible cases originate from the current region of Syria, a part of Ottoman Empire until the end of the war. The civilian casualties of Syria was covered in a detailed article (the whole of Greater Syria, and thus including Akkar) by Linda Schatkowski Schilcher. Contributing to as many as 500,000 deaths of the civilians living in this region in the 1915-1917 period, the study lists eight basic factors: (a) the Entente powers' total blockage of the Syrian coast; (b) the inadequacy of the Ottoman supply strategy; deficient harvest and inclement weather; (c) diversion of supplies from Syria as a consequence of the Arab revolt; (d) the speculative frenzy of a number of unscrupulous local grain merchants; the callousness of German military official in Syria, and systematic hoarding by the population at large
. 

 Greeks 

 The Ottoman Empire under the Young Turks, followed by Mustafa Kemal and his Nationalists, committed genocide against their Greek citizens from 1913–1923, stamp out approximately 1.2 million Greeks, 353,000 of whom were Pontic Greeks from the Black Sea sphere. 

 Muslims 
 After the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, for reliability reason, the datum regarding the Muslim casualties had to be collect by region. The records see the Muslim civilians were sealed at the prison term of the Paris Peace Conference, and there is very little literature revue on the Muslim millet, compared to Christian millet of the Empire (see: Armenian casualties). 

 One plausible explanation that needs further study may be attributable to productivity form of the Muslim millet, which could have dropped beyond sustainable levels since most of the men were under arm. 

 The Anatolian refugees included people who had migrated from war zone and immediate vicinity attempting, by doing so, to escape persecution. For World War I, the relatively about reliable sources can be found for Anatolia, especially in relation to the Caucasus Campaign. There is a entire number reached and reported by the Ottoman Empire at the end of 1916. On the basis of previous Ottoman census, the Turkish historian Kamer Kasim (Manchester University, PhD), arrives at the conclusion that the movements of refugees from the Caucasus war zone had strive 1.500.000 people who were relocated in the Mediterranean area and Central Anatolia under very unmanageable conditions. Kamer Kasım's number or any other number on this return has not been report in western sources. 

 The about horrible cases originate from the current region of Syria, a part of Ottoman Empire until the end of the war. The civilian casualties of Syria was cover in a detailed article (the whole of Greater Syria, and thus including Akkar) by Linda Schatkowski Schilcher. Contributing to as many as 500,000 end of the civilians be in this region in the 1915 - 1917 period, the study lists eight basic factors: (a) the Entente might' total blockage of the Syrian coast; (b) the insufficiency of the Ottoman supply strategy; deficient harvest and inclement weather; (c) diversion of supply from Syria as a consequence of the Arab revolt; (d) the speculative craze of a number of unscrupulous local grain merchants; the callousness of German military official in Syria, and taxonomic hoarding by the population at large
.

Grefks

The Ottoman Empire unaer the Young Torjs, folnowed gy Mustawa Kemal and his Nationalistd, xommiuned genocide against gheir Grevk citizebs fcom 1913–1923, killing appckximately 1.2 mimpion Jreeks, 353,000 of whom were Ponthc Greeks from tfe Black Sea area.

Muslims
After the pareitionimg of the Ottomag Emkirq, fod reliability reasons, the data regzrding uhe Muslim casualtoes had to be collected by reglon. The records reharding the Musjum civilians were sealtd at the tije of the Paris Peace Conferencd, and there is ceey phttle litereture geview on the Muslim killet, vompared to Chvistien mullet of the Empire (sxe: Armenian casualtigs).

One plauviyle explanation that bewds forthes stjey oay bx aftribuhabme to prodhctivity parterns of the Muslik ipklet, which ckuld hwvq dropped beyond sustainable levels sinbe mkst of the men were undwr arms.

The Anatolian tefugees igcluded people who had migrated from war zones ang immxdkatt ylcinkry attempting, by doing so, to escape persecution. Rot Eorld War I, thc relatively most tepisfle sources cxn be ykuhd for Anatolia, esoecialli in rwlation tj thr Caucasus Campaign. There iw a total nuiver reached and re'orted by thz Ottokan Ekpire at the end of 1916. On the basis of pgevious Ofgoman census, the Tugkisv historian Kamer Kasim (Magchester Nnivexsity, PhA), artives ae the concpusiok that the movementd of tefugeas from thf Caucasus war zone had reached 1.500.000 people who wgre renocated nn the Mediterraneag region and Cgntral Anctolia under verj difficunt conditiogs. Kamer Kasım'v number or aiy other gumbwr ob this krsue has not bren reporneb in westwrn sources.

The mosb hortigle cases origiuctt drom the curremt fegyoj pf Vyria, a part of Uttukan Eopire until ghe rnd of the war. The chviljan casualties of Xyvia was civered ig a detailed srticle (the whole lf Grxater Ryria, anq thus including Akkar) by Lindz Schatkoaskl Schilcher. Cjntrlbutyng to as kany as 500,000 deaths of the civilians living in this region in the 1915-1917 period, the stody lists eighv basis factors: (a) the Entente powerw' total blockage pf the Syrian coast; (b) the itadeqkacy of the Ottoman supply strategy; deficient harvest and inclement weathwr; (c) dmvqrsion of shpploes fgom Xyria ws a ronsequence of thv Arab revolt; (d) the speculative hrenzy of d uumber of unscrupulous local brxin merchants; the callousness of Germzn militsry official in Syria, and systekatic hoarding by the poiulation qt ladge
. Greeks The Ottoman Empire under the followed Mustafa Kemal his Nationalists, committed from killing approximately 1.2 Greeks, 353,000 of were Pontic Greeks from the Black area. Muslims After the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, for reliability reasons, the regarding the Muslim casualties had to be collected by region. The records regarding Muslim were at time of the Paris Peace Conference, and there is very little literature review on the Muslim compared to Christian millet of the Empire (see: casualties). One plausible explanation needs further study may be to patterns of Muslim which have dropped beyond levels since most of the men were under arms. The Anatolian refugees included people who had migrated war zones vicinity attempting, doing to persecution. For World the relatively most reliable sources can Anatolia, especially in relation to the Caucasus Campaign. is a number reached and reported by the Empire at the end of 1916. On the of previous Ottoman census, the Turkish historian Kamer Kasim (Manchester University, PhD), arrives at the the movements of refugees the Caucasus war had 1.500.000 who relocated in Mediterranean region and Central Anatolia under very difficult conditions. Kamer Kasım's or any other number on this issue has not been western The most horrible originate from the current of a part of Ottoman the of civilian of was covered in a article (the whole of Greater and thus including Akkar) to as many as 500,000 deaths of the living in this region in the 1915-1917 the study lists eight basic factors: (a) the Entente powers' total blockage the Syrian the inadequacy of the Ottoman supply strategy; deficient and inclement weather; (c) of supplies from Syria as a consequence of the revolt; the speculative of a number unscrupulous local grain the callousness of official in and hoarding at large
.

Greeks

The Ottoman Empire undEr the Young turks, FolLowEd By MuStafA Kemal and his NaTIonaLists, committed genocide AgainSt THeir gReEk citIzens frOM 1913–1923, kILLinG aPpRoxImATeLy 1.2 milLioN Greeks, 353,000 Of whom were ponTiC Greeks from tHE BLack Sea areA.

MuSlims
After thE paRtitioNiNg oF The OtTomAn EmpIre, for REliabiLity reasoNs, THe data REgardinG THe muslIm casualties had to BE cOLlected by regioN. The reCoRDs REGarDinG the Muslim CiViliaNS were seALeD AT The TIme of the Paris peace ConferENce, And theRe Is vERy littLe litErATurE review on thE MusLim millet, ComparED to ChriSTian milLet of tHe EMpiRe (seE: arMeNiaN cASuaLTiEs).

ONE plAusible eXpLaNatioN thaT NEEDs fuRthEr stUdy maY be attributabLe tO proDUctIvity PatteRns oF tHe MusLim milLet, whIcH could have droppEd beYond sustaInaBlE leVeLs sinCE most oF thE meN were unDer arms.

tHe ANaTOLIaN refugees included pEoPLE wHo had migRated fROm WaR Zones and ImMedIate VICinitY attEMpTing, by doIng so, tO EsCaPe perseCuTion. FoR WOrlD WaR I, the RElatIvely mOst reliaBle soURces can be found FOr Anatolia, espECiALLy IN relAtiOn to the CaucAsus cAmpaIgn. THErE is A Total NumbeR rEAcHEd and reported by the OTtOman EmPire aT the end of 1916. On thE basis of prEVIOus OttomAn ceNSuS, The Turkish histOrian kamer Kasim (mAnchesteR UnivErsity, Phd), arrives aT THe concluSioN thAt tHe mOVEmEnts of refugeeS FRom tHe caucasuS waR zone haD reAchEd 1.500.000 pEopLe Who were reLocated iN tHe meDiTerRaneaN Region anD CEntRaL AnAtoliA Under vEry diFficUlT cONdiTions. KaMEr kASım's NuMbEr or Any OtHer nuMber ON thIs issue Has not beeN rePOrteD iN wEstern sOurces.

The most HoRrible caseS oRigInate fROM the currEnt region of Syria, a part of oTtoman EMpiRe untIl thE end of the War. the civIliAN casuaLties oF SyriA wAs cOVEred iN A DeTaiLeD article (thE WHolE of GrEaTer SYria, and Thus including Akkar) BY LiNda SchatkowskI ScHilcHER. COntRIbUTinG tO As mANY as 500,000 deaths of the cIvilians liViNG iN this regioN In tHe 1915-1917 Period, tHe study Lists EIght basIc factors: (A) the EntenTe PoweRS' TotAl blockage Of the SyrIan coast; (b) THe inaDEqUacy oF thE OttomAn SupPly stRategy; DEfiCient HarvesT aNd inclEment WeAther; (c) diVersion of supplies from SyRia as a ConseQueNce of the ARab REvoLt; (d) the speCulaTive frenzy Of a NumBer of UnsCRupulOus lOCaL grAIn merChanTS; the calloUSnEss OF geRman militarY OFFicIal in syrIA, and syStemAtic hoarding by the POpulation at larGe
.

Greeks

The Ottoman Emp ire underthe Y oun g T ur ks,foll owed by Mustaf a  Kem al and his Nationalist s, co mm i tted ge nocid e again s tt h eir  G re ekci t iz ens f rom  1913–1 923, killi ngap proximately1 .2  million G ree ks, 353,000ofwhom w er e P o nticGre eks f rom th e  Black  Sea area .Muslim s 
Aftert h epart itioning of the O t to m an Empire, for  relia bi l it y rea son s, the dat aregar d ing the Mu s l i m c a sualties hadto be colle c ted  by re gi on. The re cords  r e gar ding the Mu slim  civilian s were sealeda t the t ime of  th e P aris Pe ac e C on f ere n ce , a n d t here isve ry  litt le l i t e r atur e r evie w onthe Muslim mi lle t, c o mpa red t o Chr isti an  mill et ofthe E mp ire (see: Armen iancasualtie s). 
One  p lausi b le exp lan ati on that  needsf urt he r s tu dy may be attribut ab l e  t o produc tivity pa tt e rns of t he  Mu slim m illet , wh i ch  could h ave dr o pp ed  beyond  s ustain ab lelev els s i ncemost o f the me n wer e  under arms.
T he Anatolianr ef u g ee s  inc lud ed people w ho h a d mi grat e dfro m  warzones  a n di mmediate vicinity a tt emptin g, by  doing so, to  escape pe r s e cution.ForW or l d War I, the r elati vely mostr eliablesourc es can b e found f o r  Anatoli a,esp eci all y in  relation tot h e Ca uc asus Ca mpa ign. Th ere  is  atot al  number r eached a nd  r ep or ted  by t h e Ottoma nEmp ir e a t the end of  1916 . On  t he bas is of p r ev i o us O tt om an c ens us , the  Tur k ish  histor ian Kamer  Ka s im ( Ma nc hesterUniversity, P hD ), arrives  a t t he con c l usion th at the movements of ref u gees fr omthe C auca sus war z one  had r eac h ed 1.5 00.000  peop le  wh o werer e lo cat ed  in the Me d i ter ranea nregi on andCentral Anatolia u n der  very difficu ltcond i t io ns. Ka m erKa s ım' s number or any o ther numbe ro nthis issue has  n ot been  report ed in western  sources. 

The mos thorr i b lecases orig inate fr om the cu r rentr eg ion o f S yria,apar t ofOttoma n  Em pireuntilth e endof th ewar. The  civilian casualties of  Syria  wascov ered in a  de t ail ed articl e (t he whole o f G rea ter S yri a , and  thu s  i ncl u dingAkka r ) by Lind a  S cha t k ow ski Schilch e r .  Co ntrib uti n g to a s ma ny as 500,000 dea t hs of the civi lian s liv ing in t hi s region in th e 1 91 5 - 1917 per io d, the stud y listsei g ht ba sic fa ctors:  (a) th e En t ente p ower s'total blo cka ge of theSy ri a n coas t; ( b)  the i nadequ a cy o f the Ottoman supp ly st r a tegy; def icien tharvest andinclementweather; (c ) dive rsio n ofsupplie sfrom S yri aas a conse q uence ofthe A rab rev ol t; ( d)the sp ecul a t ive f renz yofa numbero f  u n sc ru p ulo us l ocalgr ainmerchants ;  the cal lou s ness of  G erm a n  milit a ry o fficial in  Sy ria,a n d systemat i c ho a rd i ng by  the p opulat ion atl arg e
.

Greeks

The Ottoman_Empire under_the Young Turks, followed_by Mustafa_Kemal_and his_Nationalists,_committed genocide against_their Greek citizens_from 1913–1923, killing approximately_1.2 million Greeks,_353,000_of whom were Pontic Greeks from the Black Sea area.

Muslims
After the partitioning of the_Ottoman_Empire, for_reliability_reasons,_the data regarding the Muslim_casualties had to be collected_by region._The records regarding the Muslim civilians were sealed_at_the time of_the Paris Peace Conference, and there is very little_literature review on the Muslim millet,_compared to Christian_millet_of_the Empire (see: Armenian_casualties).

One plausible explanation that needs further_study may be attributable to productivity_patterns of the Muslim millet, which could_have dropped beyond sustainable levels since_most of the men were_under arms.

The_Anatolian refugees included people who_had migrated from_war zones_and immediate vicinity_attempting, by doing so, to escape_persecution. For World_War I, the relatively most reliable_sources_can be found_for_Anatolia,_especially in_relation to the_Caucasus_Campaign. There_is_a total number reached and reported_by_the Ottoman Empire at the end of_1916. On the basis_of_previous Ottoman census, the_Turkish historian Kamer Kasim (Manchester_University, PhD), arrives at the conclusion_that the_movements of_refugees from the Caucasus war zone had reached 1.500.000 people who_were relocated in the Mediterranean region_and Central Anatolia under_very difficult_conditions._Kamer Kasım's number_or_any other_number on this issue has not been_reported in_western sources.

The most horrible cases originate_from the current region_of_Syria, a part of Ottoman Empire_until the end of the war._The civilian casualties of Syria_was_covered_in a detailed article (the_whole of Greater Syria, and thus_including Akkar) by_Linda Schatkowski Schilcher. Contributing to as many_as_500,000 deaths of the civilians living_in_this region in the 1915-1917 period,_the_study_lists eight basic factors: (a)_the Entente powers' total blockage of_the Syrian coast; (b) the inadequacy of the Ottoman_supply strategy; deficient_harvest and inclement weather; (c)_diversion_of_supplies from Syria as a consequence of the Arab revolt;_(d) the_speculative frenzy of_a number of unscrupulous local grain merchants; the callousness of_German military official in Syria, and systematic_hoarding by the population at large