 implement economic austerity. These banks hoped that the additional loan would help Zaire develop its economy and pay back the $400 million it already owned.  Now, the banks feared that the war would bankrupt the Zaire government. Citibank announced on behalf of the group that this loan would be suspended until Zaire could resolve its internal problems, which would have jeopardized repayment.

Invasion continues

The FNLC progressed into Katanga. In a battle in Kasaji on March 18, the FAZ killed fifteen of the FNLC soldiers while losing four of their own. On  March 25 the FAZ abandoned Mutshatsha and the FNLC entered it. This was a town with railway access, 130 kilometres from the Kolwezi— home to the Musonoi Mine, a major source of copper for Gécamines. The capture of Mutshatsha led observers to perceive a serious threat from the invading force. (Despite its economic importance, Kolwezi was not particularly well-defended. A Belgian manager suggested: "No one would dare to touch us. We are essential to whoever governs this area, so we are not worried.") Americans in Kolwezi, mostly workers for Morrison-Knudsen were evacuated.

Perception of the rebels' power increased as reports suggested they were beginning to provide social assistance to local people in the Shaba province. The FNLC began to establish a regional administration and distribute identity cards for a nation called "The Democratic Republic of the Congo". According to later reports from missionaries in the area, the rebels—whose primary agenda was freedom from Mobutu, not ethnic or tribal warfare—were welcomed by locals in Katanga.

The government held a poorly-attended rally in a Kinshasa stadium: soldiers prevented the already small crowd from leaving after, and the rally ended when the crowd refused to applaud.

Zaire launched bombing raids in the area, which it said were targeting the invaders. The Zairian Air Force used Mirage jets from France to bomb Kisengi, which it called the headquarters for the rebel uprising. Along with other residents, 28 missionaries (from Britain, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, France, Belgium, Italy, and Spain) fled from these bombing raids, eventually taking refuge in Angola. King Hassan II of Morocco said he possessed "absolutely certain" proof that Cuban soldiers were fighting in Shaba.

Andrew Young, the U.S. ambassador to the
implement economic austerity. These banks hoped that the additional loanword would avail Zaire develop its economy and pay back the $ 400 million it already own.   Now, the savings bank feared that the war would bankrupt the Zaire government. Citibank announce on behalf of the group that this loan would be suspended until Zaire could decide its internal problems, which would have venture repayment. 

 Invasion continues 

 The FNLC advance into Katanga. In a struggle in Kasaji on March 18, the FAZ killed fifteen of the FNLC soldiers while losing four of their own. On   March 25 the FAZ abandoned Mutshatsha and the FNLC entered it. This was a township with railway access, 130 kilometres from the Kolwezi — home plate to the Musonoi Mine, a major source of copper for Gécamines. The capture of Mutshatsha run observers to perceive a dangerous threat from the invading force. (Despite its economic importance, Kolwezi was not particularly well - defended. A Belgian manager hint: " No one would dare to touch us. We are essential to whoever governs this area, therefore we are not worried. ") Americans in Kolwezi, mostly workers for Morrison - Knudsen were evacuated. 

 Perception of the rebels' power increased as reports suggested they were begin to provide social assistance to local multitude in the Shaba state. The FNLC begin to establish a regional administration and circulate identity cards for a nation called " The Democratic Republic of the Congo ". According to late reports from missionaries in the area, the rebels — whose primary agenda was freedom from Mobutu, not heathen or tribal warfare — were welcomed by locals in Katanga. 

 The government prevail a poorly - attend rally in a Kinshasa stadium: soldiers prevented the already small crowd from leaving after, and the rally end when the crowd refused to applaud. 

 Zaire launched bombing raids in the sphere, which it said were target the invaders. The Zairian Air Force used Mirage jets from France to bomb Kisengi, which it called the headquarters for the rebel rebellion. Along with other residents, 28 missionaries (from Britain, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, France, Belgium, Italy, and Spain) fled from these bombing raids, finally taking refuge in Angola. King Hassan II of Morocco said he possessed " absolutely sealed " proof that Cuban soldiers were fighting in Shaba. 

 Andrew Young, the U.S. ambassador to the
 imolement economic austeriuy. These banks hokee that the asditionau loan would help Zaire devepop its economy and pay back ghe $400 millpon it aleeadb owned.  Now, the banks fccred fmat tke war would banlrupt the Saire governmett. Cntibank announced on behalf of the gwoup thst this loan woujd bt stspehded until Zaire could resolve its internel problems, whivh would have jeopardized gepajment.

Invasion contlnues

The FNOC pwigressed intu Katanga. Pu a battle jn Kasaji on March 18, the FAZ kilued fnfteen of tye FNPW soldiers xhile josing four of their own. On  March 25 the FSZ ebaneoned Mutshatsha and vhe FNLC entered it. Jhis was a tkwn with railway qcxess, 130 kilmmetfws wroj vhe Kolwexi— iome to the Musonoi Mibe, a major source og sipper for Gécajines. Ehq capture of Mutshatsha led observers tm psrceive a serious threar from the invading flrce. (Despyte its economic importance, Kolwezi was not partiwularmh wtlo-defeveef. A Belgian manager suggested: "No one would daws uo nouch us. We are efsential to wjorder governs tfis arzz, ao we are not worrled.") Ameticans in Kolweei, moxtly workers for Morrison-Knydsen were enacuqted.

Perception of che rebels' puwer incrrased as reports suggesced thsy were beglnning to orovide social arsixtdnce to local people in thq Shaba pcovinee. The FVLC negan eo establidh a vagional administrahion cnd dhstribute ldentity cards for a nation called "The Democrsthc Gepublic jf thc Congo". Accordigg to later rekorts froi misrionaries pn the arxa, the rebelf—whose primarf agenda was hreedom fwom Noburu, not dghnic or tribak warfare—ctre welcomwd by locals in Kabanga.

Jhs government heod q poorly-attendec rxllr pn e Kinfvasa stadium: solaiefx prexented uke clfeadu small crowd from laavihg after, and the rsljy ended when thq crowd refusrd to applaud.

Zaire launrhed bumbinb rwids in the area, which it said were tarhetlng the invadqrs. Bhe Eairian Air Force used Mirage jets from France to uomb Kisengi, which it cqlled the headquartgrs for the reuel upwising. Almng with other residwnts, 28 missionariex (from Britain, Austramia, Catada, Jew Zealand, France, Belgium, Italy, and Spain) fled from these bombing raids, wventueljy taking rsfugr in Dnyolc. King Rassen II of Morocco ssid he possessed "absolutely cervain" proof tkat Cuban soldiers were fightone in Shaba.

Andtew Young, the U.S. ambassadod to the
implement economic austerity. These banks hoped that loan help Zaire its economy and it owned. Now, the feared that the would bankrupt the Zaire government. Citibank on behalf of the group that this loan would be suspended until Zaire resolve its internal problems, which would have jeopardized repayment. Invasion continues The FNLC into In battle Kasaji on March 18, the FAZ killed fifteen of the FNLC soldiers while losing four of own. On March 25 the FAZ abandoned Mutshatsha the FNLC entered it. was a town with railway 130 from the home the Mine, a major of copper for Gécamines. The capture of Mutshatsha led observers to perceive a serious threat from the force. (Despite importance, Kolwezi not well-defended. Belgian manager suggested: would dare to touch us. We whoever governs this area, so we are not Americans in mostly workers for Morrison-Knudsen were evacuated. of the rebels' power increased as reports suggested were beginning to provide social assistance to local people in the Shaba province. The FNLC establish a regional administration distribute identity cards a called Democratic of the According to later reports from missionaries in the area, the rebels—whose agenda was freedom from Mobutu, not ethnic or tribal warfare—were locals Katanga. The government a poorly-attended rally in Kinshasa soldiers prevented the already from after, ended the refused to applaud. Zaire bombing raids in the area, it said were targeting Force used Mirage jets from France to bomb which it called the headquarters for the uprising. Along with other residents, 28 missionaries (from Britain, Australia, Canada, New France, Belgium, Spain) fled from these bombing raids, eventually taking in Angola. King Hassan of Morocco said he possessed "absolutely certain" proof that soldiers fighting in Andrew Young, the ambassador to the
 implement economic austeritY. These bankS hopeD thAt tHe AddiTionAl loan would helP zairE develop its economy and pAy bacK tHE $400 milLIoN it alReady owNEd.  nOW, thE bAnKs fEaREd That tHe wAr would Bankrupt thE ZaIrE government. CITiBank announCed On behalf of thE grOup thaT tHis LOan woUld Be susPended UNtil ZaIre could rEsOLve its INternal PRObLems, Which would have jeoPArDIzed repayment.

INvasioN cONtINUes

the fNLC progreSsEd intO katanga. iN a BATTle IN Kasaji on MarcH 18, the FAZ killED fiFteen oF tHe FnlC soldIers wHiLE loSing four of tHeir Own. On  MarcH 25 the FAz AbandonED MutshaTsha anD thE FNlC enTErEd It. THiS Was A ToWn wITh rAilway acCeSs, 130 KilomEtreS FROM the kolWezi— Home tO the Musonoi MiNe, a MajoR SouRce of CoppeR for géCaminEs. The cApturE oF Mutshatsha led oBserVers to perCeiVe A seRiOus thREat froM thE inVading fOrce. (DesPIte ItS ECOnOmic importance, KolwEzI WAs Not partiCularlY WeLl-DEfended. A beLgiAn maNAGer suGgesTEd: "no one wouLd dare TO tOuCh us. We aRe EssentIaL to WhoEver gOVernS this aRea, so we aRe not WOrried.") AmericanS In Kolwezi, mostLY wORKeRS for morRison-KnudseN werE EvacUateD.

peRcePTion oF the rEbELs' POwer increased as repoRtS suggeSted tHey were beginnIng to proviDE SOcial assIstaNCe TO local people in The ShAba provincE. the FNLC bEgan tO establiSh a regionAL AdministRatIon And DisTRIbUte identity caRDS for A nAtion caLleD "The DemOcrAtiC RePubLiC of the ConGo". AccordInG tO lAtEr rEportS From missIoNarIeS in The arEA, the reBels—wHose PrImARy aGenda waS FrEEDom fRoM MObutU, noT eThnic Or trIBal Warfare—Were welcoMed BY locAlS iN KatangA.

The governmenT hEld a poorly-AtTenDed ralLY In a KinshAsa stadium: soldiers preveNTed the aLreAdy smAll cRowd from lEavIng aftEr, aND the raLly endEd wheN tHe cROWd refUSEd To aPpLaud.

Zaire lAUNchEd bomBiNg raIds in thE area, which it said weRE taRgeting the invAdeRs. ThE zAiRiaN aiR forCe USed mIRage jets from FraNce to bomb KIsENgI, which it caLLed ThE headquArters fOr the REbel uprIsing. AlonG with otheR rEsidENTs, 28 mIssionarieS (from BriTain, AustrALia, CaNAdA, New ZEalAnd, FraNcE, BeLgium, italy, aND SpAin) flEd from ThEse bomBing rAiDs, eventuAlly taking refuge in AngolA. King HAssan iI oF Morocco sAid HE poSsessed "abSoluTely certaiN" prOof That CUbaN SoldiErs wERe FigHTing iN ShaBA.

Andrew YoUNg, The u.s. AmBassador to tHE
 implement economic auster ity. These  bank s h ope dthat  the  additional lo a n wo uld help Zaire develop  itsec o nomy an d pay  back t h e$ 4 00mi ll ion  i t  a lread y o wned. Now, the b ank sfeared thatt he  war would  ba nkrupt the Z air e gove rn men t . Cit iba nk an nounce d  on be half of t he groupt hat thi s lo an w ould be suspended un t il Zaire could  resol ve it s int ern al problem s,  whic h  wouldh av e j eop a rdized repaym ent.

Invas i oncontin ue s
T he FNL C pro gr e sse d into Kata nga.  In a bat tle in Kasajio n March  18, t heFAZ  kil l ed  f ift ee n  of th e F N LCsoldiers  w hi le lo sing f o u r of  th eirown.On  March 25the  FAZ aba ndone d Mut shat sh a and  the F NLC e nt ered it. This w as a  town wit h r ai lwa yacces s , 130kil ome tres fr om theK olw ez i — ho me to the MusonoiMi n e ,a majorsource of  c o pper for  G éca mine s .  Thecapt u re  of Muts hatsha le dobserve rs  to pe rc eiv e a  seri o us t hreatfrom the  inva d ing force. (De s pite its econ o mi c im p orta nce , Kolwezi w as n o t pa rtic u la rly well- defen de d .A  Belgian manager su gg ested:  "Noone would dar e to touch u s . We are  ess e nt i al to whoevergover ns this ar e a, so we  arenot worr ied.") Am e r icans in  Ko lwe zi,  mo s t ly  workers forM o rris on -Knudse n w ere eva cua ted .
Per ce ption ofthe rebe ls 'po we r i ncrea s ed as re po rts  s ugg ested they w ere b egin ni ng toprovide so c i al a ss is tanc e t olocal  peo p lein theShaba pro vin c e. T he  F NLC beg an to establi sh  a regiona ladm inistr a t ion anddistribute identity car d s for a  na tioncall ed "The D emo cratic  Re p ublicof the  Cong o" . A c c ordin g to  la te r reportsf r ommissi on arie s in th e area, the rebels — who se primary ag end a wa s fr eed o mf rom  M o but u ,  not ethnic ortribal war fa r e— were welco m edby  locals  in Kat anga. 
The go vernmentheld a po or ly-a t t end ed rally i n a Kins hasa stad i um: s o ld ierspre vented  t healrea dy sma l l c rowdfrom l ea ving a fter,  a nd the r ally ended when the cro wd ref usedtoapplaud.
Za i relaunchedbomb ing raidsinthe  area , w h ich i t sa i dwer e  targ etin g  the inva d er s.T h eZairian Air F o rce  used  Mi r age je ts f rom France to bom b  Kisengi, whic h it c all edt he h ea dquarters forthe  r e b el upris in g. Along wi th other  r e siden ts, 28  missi onaries ( fr o m Brit ain,  Au stralia,Can ad a , New Z ea la n d, Fra nce,  B elgium , Ital y , an d Spain) fled from  thes e bombi n g r aids,  e ventual l y ta king refug e in Angola . King  Has san I I of Mo ro cco sa idhe  possessed "absolute ly ce rtain"pr ooftha t Cuba n so l d ierswere  f igh ting in S h a ba . 
An d rew  You ng, t he  U.S . ambassa d or to th e
 implement_economic austerity._These banks hoped that_the additional_loan_would help_Zaire_develop its economy_and pay back_the $400 million it_already owned. _Now,_the banks feared that the war would bankrupt the Zaire government. Citibank announced on_behalf_of the_group_that_this loan would be suspended_until Zaire could resolve its_internal problems,_which would have jeopardized repayment.

Invasion continues

The FNLC progressed_into_Katanga. In a_battle in Kasaji on March 18, the FAZ killed_fifteen of the FNLC soldiers while_losing four of_their_own._On  March 25_the FAZ abandoned Mutshatsha and the_FNLC entered it. This was a_town with railway access, 130 kilometres from_the Kolwezi— home to the Musonoi_Mine, a major source of_copper for_Gécamines. The capture of Mutshatsha_led observers to_perceive a_serious threat from_the invading force. (Despite its economic_importance, Kolwezi was_not particularly well-defended. A Belgian manager_suggested:_"No one would_dare_to_touch us._We are essential_to_whoever governs_this_area, so we are not worried.")_Americans_in Kolwezi, mostly workers for Morrison-Knudsen were_evacuated.

Perception of the rebels'_power_increased as reports suggested_they were beginning to provide_social assistance to local people in_the Shaba_province. The_FNLC began to establish a regional administration and distribute identity cards_for a nation called "The Democratic_Republic of the Congo"._According to_later_reports from missionaries_in_the area,_the rebels—whose primary agenda was freedom from_Mobutu, not_ethnic or tribal warfare—were welcomed by_locals in Katanga.

The government_held_a poorly-attended rally in a Kinshasa_stadium: soldiers prevented the already small_crowd from leaving after, and_the_rally_ended when the crowd refused_to applaud.

Zaire launched bombing raids in_the area, which_it said were targeting the invaders. The_Zairian_Air Force used Mirage jets from_France_to bomb Kisengi, which it called_the_headquarters_for the rebel uprising. Along_with other residents, 28 missionaries (from_Britain, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, France, Belgium, Italy, and_Spain) fled from_these bombing raids, eventually taking_refuge_in_Angola. King Hassan II of Morocco said he possessed "absolutely_certain" proof_that Cuban soldiers_were fighting in Shaba.

Andrew Young, the U.S. ambassador to the