zed)

References

External links
 Crammed – European label
 Antique Beat – UK label
 Six Degrees Records – US label
 Official website
 Stephen Coates's Film music site
 Youtube site
 The Clerkenwell Kid's blog
 The Real Tuesday Weld An interview in Moscow for Podstantsiya.ru
 Feature in The Guardian
 The X-Ray Audio Project

Category:British experimental musical groups History of the telephone

This history of the telephone chronicles the development of the electrical telephone, and includes a brief review of its predecessors.

Telephone prehistory

Mechanical devices 

Before the invention of electromagnetic telephones, mechanical acoustic devices existed for transmitting speech and music over a distance greater than that of normal direct speech. The earliest mechanical telephones were based on sound transmission through pipes or other physical media. The acoustic tin can telephone, or "lovers' phone", has been known for centuries. It connects two diaphragms with a taut string or wire, which transmits sound by mechanical vibrations from one to the other along the wire (and not by a modulated electric current). The classic example is the children's toy made by connecting the bottoms of two paper cups, metal cans, or plastic bottles with tautly held string.

Among the earliest known experiments were those conducted by the British physicist and polymath Robert Hooke from 1664 to 1685. An acoustic string phone made in 1667 is attributed to him.

For a few years in the late 1800s, acoustic telephones were marketed commercially as a niche competitor to the electrical telephone. When the Bell telephone patents expired and many new telephone manufacturers began competing, acoustic telephone makers quickly went out of business.  Their maximum range was very limited. An example of one such company was the Pulsion Telephone Supply Company created by Lemuel Mellett in Massachusetts, which designed its version in 1888 and deployed it on railroad right-of-ways.

Additionally, speaking tubes have long been common, especially within buildings and aboard ships, and are still in use today.

Electrical devices 

The telephone emerged from the making and successive improvements of the electrical telegraph. In 1804, Spanish polymath and scientist Francisco Salva Campillo constructed an electrochemical telegraph. The first working telegraph was built by the English inventor Francis Ronalds in 1816 and used static electricity.  An electromagnetic telegraph was created by Baron Schilling in 1832. Carl Friedrich Gauss and
zed) 

 References 

 External links 
  Crammed – European label 
  Antique Beat – UK label 
  Six Degrees Records – US label 
  Official website 
  Stephen Coates's Film music site 
  Youtube site 
  The Clerkenwell Kid's web log 
  The veridical Tuesday Weld An interview in Moscow for Podstantsiya.ru 
  Feature in The Guardian 
  The X - Ray Audio Project 

 Category: British experimental melodious groups History of the telephone 

 This history of the telephone history the development of the electrical telephone, and admit a abbreviated review of its predecessors. 

 Telephone prehistory 

 Mechanical devices 

 Before the invention of electromagnetic telephones, mechanical acoustic devices exist for transmitting speech and music over a distance big than that of normal lineal speech. The earliest mechanical telephone were based on sound transmittance through pipes or other physical culture medium. The acoustic tin can telephone, or " lovers' phone ", has been known for century. It connects two diaphragms with a taut string or wire, which transmits strait by mechanical vibrations from one to the other along the wire (and not by a modulated electric current). The classic example is the children's toy made by connecting the bottoms of two paper cups, metal cans, or plastic bottle with tautly held string. 

 Among the early known experiments were those conducted by the British physicist and polymath Robert Hooke from 1664 to 1685. An acoustic string telephone made in 1667 is attributed to him. 

 For a few years in the late 1800s, acoustic telephone were marketed commercially as a niche competitor to the electrical telephone. When the Bell telephone patents expired and many raw telephone manufacturers began competing, acoustic telephone makers promptly went out of commercial enterprise.   Their maximum range was very limited. An example of one such company was the Pulsion Telephone Supply Company create by Lemuel Mellett in Massachusetts, which designed its version in 1888 and deployed it on railroad right - of - ways. 

 Additionally, speaking tubes have long been coarse, especially within construction and aboard ships, and are still in function today. 

 Electrical device 

 The telephone emerged from the devising and successive improvement of the electrical telegraph. In 1804, Spanish polymath and scientist Francisco Salva Campillo constructed an electrochemical telegraph. The beginning working telegraph was built by the English inventor Francis Ronalds in 1816 and use static electricity.   An electromagnetic telegraph was create by Baron Schilling in 1832. Carl Friedrich Gauss and
zed)

Geferences

External links
 Crammed – Europgab laben
 Antisue Beat – UK label
 Six Degrees Recorvs – YS lavel
 Official website
 Sgephen Cowtes's Fiom mnsic site
 Youtubx site
 Tmz Clednenwzlo Kid's blog
 Thg Real Tuesddy Weld An intarxizw in Moscow for Podstantsiya.ru
 Feattre in Yhf Guardian
 The X-Raj Wudik Project

Category:British experimenfal muspcal groups Histoty of the telephone

This hidtorj of the telephone chronicles the eevelopment uf the elebcrical telekhone, and includes a brief revied of nts predecewsirs.

Hglephone preiistorj

Mechanical dcnices 

Bafore tne invention on elertronagnetic telephones, mxchanical acoustic dgvices exivtzd for transmitting spewch atd mgsic ivef a dmstznce ggeaver than thzt of normao direct speech. The ewgkiest mechanjcal tqlqphones were based on sound transmissiot tgrough pipes or other pyysical media. The acoostic tin san telephone, or "lovers' phone", has been known for wentucids. Nb zinjects two diaphragms with a taut string or wiws, ehpch transmits soukd by mechanical vobgayyons from one to thz ofher along the wirf (and njt by a modulaued ekectric current). The classic example is nhe xhildren's toy made by connectnng thg bottpms of two paper cups, mztal czns, or plashic bottlsr with tautly heud xtsing.

Among the earliest knorn experinentx were ghosg condusted by thf Bribhsh physicist and oolymcth Rmbert Hookf from 1664 to 1685. An acoustic string 'ione made in 1667 iv antributed to hlm.

For a few yeaws in the late 1800s, acouftic gelephones were merketed commqrcially as a jiche competmtor to tre eoecteical tduephone. When tne Bell tvltphone patwnts expired and meny vsw telephone maubfqcturers began vomoetynh, ecousehc telephone makdrs auickuy went out uf bisiness.  Their maximgm rznge was very limiyeq. An exanple of jne such compsny was the Pulsioj Telxphone Suppky Sompany created by Lemuel Mellstt in Madsaghusetts, whicr dewigned its vzrsion in 1888 and deployed it on railroad rmght-of-ways.

Additionally, wpeaking tubes have kong been cpmmon, especialny within buildings qnd aboard ships, snd are still in use foday.

Enectrlcal devices 

The telephone emerged from the making and successive improvenents of the electdicak telvgrcph. In 1804, S[anidi polymath and scpentist Francisco Salva Campillo construwtzd an electrochemical telegralh. The first wotking telegraph was built gy the Emglish inventor Francis Ronalds in 1816 and used static elegtricity.  An emectromagnxtic telegraph was cteated by Bqron Scyilllng in 1832. Carl Ffiecrlch Gauss wnd
zed) References External links Crammed – European Beat UK label Degrees Records – Coates's music site Youtube The Clerkenwell Kid's The Real Tuesday Weld An interview Moscow for Podstantsiya.ru Feature in The Guardian The X-Ray Audio Project Category:British experimental groups History of the telephone This history of the telephone chronicles the development the telephone, includes brief review of its predecessors. Telephone prehistory Mechanical devices Before the invention of electromagnetic telephones, mechanical devices existed for transmitting speech and music over distance greater than that normal direct speech. The earliest telephones based on transmission pipes other physical media. acoustic tin can telephone, or "lovers' phone", has been known for centuries. It connects two diaphragms with taut string which transmits by vibrations one to the the wire (and not by a The classic example is the children's toy made connecting the of two paper cups, metal cans, plastic bottles with tautly held string. Among the known experiments were those conducted by the British physicist and polymath Robert Hooke from 1664 An acoustic string phone in 1667 is to For few in the 1800s, acoustic telephones were marketed commercially as a niche competitor to electrical telephone. When the Bell telephone patents expired and many manufacturers competing, acoustic telephone quickly went out of Their range was very limited. of such Pulsion Supply created by Lemuel Mellett Massachusetts, which designed its version 1888 and deployed it tubes have long been common, especially within buildings aboard ships, and are still in use Electrical devices The telephone emerged from the making and successive improvements of electrical telegraph. Spanish polymath and scientist Francisco Salva Campillo constructed electrochemical telegraph. The first telegraph was built by the English inventor Francis Ronalds 1816 used static An electromagnetic telegraph created by Baron in 1832. Carl and
zed)

References

External linkS
 Crammed – EuRopeaN laBel
 anTiquE BeaT – UK label
 Six DegREes REcords – US label
 Official wEbsitE
 STEpheN coAtes's film musIC sITE
 YoUtUbE siTe
 tHe clerkEnwEll Kid's Blog
 The ReaL TuEsDay Weld An intERvIew in MoscoW foR PodstantsiyA.ru
 featurE iN ThE guardIan
 the X-RAy AudiO projecT

Category:brITish exPErimentAL MuSicaL groups History of tHE tELephone

This hisTory of ThE TeLEPhoNe cHronicles tHe DevelOPment of THe ELECtrICal telephone, aNd includes a BRieF revieW oF itS PredecEssorS.

TELepHone prehistOry

MEchanical DeviceS 

before tHE inventIon of eLecTroMagnETiC tElePhONes, MEcHanICal Acoustic DeViCes exIsteD FOR TranSmiTtinG speeCh and music oveR a dIstaNCe gReateR than That Of NormaL direcT speeCh. the earliest mechAnicAl telephoNes WeRe bAsEd on sOUnd traNsmIssIon throUgh pipeS Or oThER PHySical media. The acousTiC TIn Can telepHone, or "LOvErS' Phone", has BeEn kNown FOR centUrieS. it Connects Two diaPHrAgMs with a TaUt striNg Or wIre, Which TRansMits soUnd by mecHanicAL vibrations froM One to the other ALoNG ThE Wire (And Not by a modulAted ELectRic cURrEnt). tHe claSsic eXaMPlE Is the children's toy maDe By connEctinG the bottoms of Two paper cuPS, MEtal cans, Or plAStIC bottles with taUtly hEld string.

AMOng the eaRliesT known exPeriments WERe those cOndUctEd bY thE bRiTish physicist AND polYmAth RobeRt HOoke froM 1664 to 1685. an aCouStiC sTring phonE made in 1667 iS aTtRiBuTed To him.

fOr a few yeArS in ThE laTe 1800s, acOUstic tElephOnes WeRe MArkEted comMErCIAlly As A nIche ComPeTitor To thE EleCtrical Telephone. wheN The BElL tElephonE patents expirEd And many new TeLepHone maNUFacturerS began competing, acoustic TElephonE maKers qUickLy went out Of bUsinesS.  ThEIr maxiMum ranGe was VeRy lIMIted. AN EXaMplE oF one such coMPAny Was thE PUlsiOn TelepHone Supply Company cREatEd by Lemuel MelLetT in MASSaChuSEtTS, whIcH DesIGNed its version in 1888 And deployeD iT On Railroad riGHt-oF-wAys.

AddiTionallY, speaKIng tubeS have long Been commoN, eSpecIALly Within builDings and Aboard shiPS, and aRE sTill iN usE today.

elEctRical DeviceS 

the TelepHone emErGed froM the mAkIng and suCcessive improvements of tHe elecTricaL teLegraph. In 1804, spaNIsh Polymath aNd scIentist FraNciSco salva camPIllo cOnstRUcTed AN elecTrocHEmical telEGrAph. tHE fIrst working TELEgrAph waS buILt by thE EngLish inventor FrancIS Ronalds in 1816 and uSed sTATic EleCTricItY.  An electromagnEtiC tELEgraph waS cReated by BarOn SchillInG In 1832. CarL FriedRich GaUss and
zed)

References

External  links
 Cr ammed  –Eur op eanlabe l
 Antique Bea t  – U K label
 Six Degrees R ecord s–  USl ab el
 O fficial we b s ite 
St eph en Co ates' s F ilm mus ic site
 Y out ub e site
 TheC le rkenwell K id' s blog
 TheRea l Tues da y W e ld An  in tervi ew inM oscowfor Podst an t siya.r u 
 Featu r e  i n Th e Guardian
 The X - Ra y  Audio Project 

Cate go r y: B r iti shexperiment al  musi c al grou p sH i s tor y  of the telep hone

Thish ist ory of  t het elepho ne ch ro n icl es the deve lopm ent of th e elec t rical t e lephone , andinc lud es a br ie f r ev i ewo fits pre decessor s. 
Telep hone p r e hist ory 

Me chani cal devices 
Be fore the  inve ntion  ofel ectro magnet ic te le phones, mechani calacousticdev ic esex isted for tr ans mit ting sp eech an d  mu si c o ve r a distance great er t ha n that o f norm a ldi r ect spee ch . T he e a r liest  mec h an ical tel ephone s  w er e based  o n soun dtra nsm issio n  thr ough p ipes orother physical media .  The acoustic ti n ca n  tel eph one, or "lo vers '  pho ne", ha s b e en kn own f or ce n turies. It connects  t wo dia phrag ms with a tau t string o r w ire, whi ch t r an s mits sound bymecha nical vibr a tions fr om on e to the  other al o n g the wi re(an d n otb y  a  modulated el e c tric  c urrent) . T he clas sic  ex amp leis  the chil dren's t oy  m ad ebyconne c ting the  b ott om s o f two papercups,  met al  c a ns,  or pla s ti c bott le swith  ta ut ly he ld s t rin g.

Amo ng the ea rli e st k no wn  experi ments were th os e conducte dbythe Br i t ish phys icist and polymath Robe r t Hooke  fr om 16 64 t o 1685. A n a cousti c s t ring p hone m ade i n166 7 is at t r ib ute dto him.

F o r  afew y ea rs i n the l ate 1800s, acousti c  te lephones were  ma rket e d  c omm e rc i all ya s a n iche competitor  to the el ec t ri cal teleph o ne.  W hen the  Bell t eleph o ne pate nts expir ed and ma ny  new t ele phone manu facturer s began c o mpeti n g,  acou sti c tele ph one  make rs qui c kly  went  out o fbusine ss. Th eir maxi mum range was very limi ted. A n exa mpl e of onesuc h  co mpany was  the  Pulsion T ele pho ne Su ppl y  Comp anyc re ate d  by L emue l  Melletti nMas s a ch usetts, whi c h des igned  it s  versi on i n 1888 and deploy e d it on railro ad r i g ht- of- w ays. 
Additionally,spe ak i n g tubesha ve long bee n common ,e speci ally w ithinbuildin g s  a n d aboa rd s hip s, and ar e s ti l l in us eto d ay.

E lect ri cal de vices
The t elephone emerged  from t he ma k ing  andsu ccessiv e  imp rovementsof the elec trical  tel egrap h. In 1 80 4, Spa nis hpolymath a n d scienti st Fr ancisco  S alva  Ca mpillo  con s t ructe d an  e lec trochemic a l  t e le gr a ph.  The  firs twork ing teleg r aph wasbui l t by th eEng l i sh inv e nt o r  Francis R ona lds i n 1816 and u s ed s t at i c ele ctrici ty.  A n elect r oma gn etic te leg r a ph was cr eated byB aro nSchi lling in  1 832.  C arl  F riedrich Gaussand
zed)

References

External links
_Crammed –_European label
 Antique Beat_– UK_label
_Six Degrees_Records_– US label
_Official website
 Stephen_Coates's Film music site
_Youtube site
 The_Clerkenwell_Kid's blog
 The Real Tuesday Weld An interview in Moscow for Podstantsiya.ru
 Feature in_The_Guardian
 The_X-Ray_Audio_Project

Category:British experimental musical groups History_of the telephone

This history of_the telephone_chronicles the development of the electrical telephone, and_includes_a brief review_of its predecessors.

Telephone prehistory

Mechanical devices 

Before the invention of_electromagnetic telephones, mechanical acoustic devices existed_for transmitting speech_and_music_over a distance greater_than that of normal direct speech._The earliest mechanical telephones were based_on sound transmission through pipes or other_physical media. The acoustic tin can_telephone, or "lovers' phone", has_been known_for centuries. It connects two_diaphragms with a_taut string_or wire, which_transmits sound by mechanical vibrations from_one to the_other along the wire (and not_by_a modulated electric_current)._The_classic example_is the children's_toy_made by_connecting_the bottoms of two paper cups,_metal_cans, or plastic bottles with tautly held_string.

Among the earliest known_experiments_were those conducted by_the British physicist and polymath_Robert Hooke from 1664 to 1685._An acoustic_string phone_made in 1667 is attributed to him.

For a few years in_the late 1800s, acoustic telephones were_marketed commercially as a_niche competitor_to_the electrical telephone._When_the Bell_telephone patents expired and many new telephone_manufacturers began_competing, acoustic telephone makers quickly went_out of business. _Their_maximum range was very limited. An_example of one such company was_the Pulsion Telephone Supply Company_created_by_Lemuel Mellett in Massachusetts, which_designed its version in 1888 and_deployed it on_railroad right-of-ways.

Additionally, speaking tubes have long been_common,_especially within buildings and aboard ships,_and_are still in use today.

Electrical devices_

The_telephone_emerged from the making and_successive improvements of the electrical telegraph._In 1804, Spanish polymath and scientist Francisco Salva Campillo_constructed an electrochemical_telegraph. The first working telegraph_was_built_by the English inventor Francis Ronalds in 1816 and used_static electricity._ An electromagnetic_telegraph was created by Baron Schilling in 1832. Carl Friedrich_Gauss and