 court—taking precedence even before the formerly all-powerful House of Guise, whose kinship to the sovereign Duke of Lorraine was more remote. He was appointed Grand Maître of the king's household, briefly replacing the traitorous Grand Condé. He engaged the services of the distinguished grammarian and courtier Claude Favre de Vaugelas as tutor for his children.

The prospect of Marie's eventual succession to the Swiss principality of Neuchâtel, near Savoy, was foiled in 1643 by the king's decision to legitimate Louis Henri de Bourbon, chevalier de Soissons (1640–1703), a son of Marie's late brother. This prevented the substitution of Savoyard for French influence in that region, but left Thomas with little more than the empty title of "prince de Carignano". Marie did eventually inherit her brother's main holding in France, the county of Soissons, but this would be established as a secundogeniture for the French branch of the family. After Thomas, the senior branch of his descendants repatriated to Savoy, alternately marrying French, Italian and German princesses.

Public career

Early actions and service with Spain

Thomas' first recorded service is as a commander in the Piedmontese army under his father in the war against France in 1630 (see War of the Mantuan Succession). It was probably around this time that he first encountered Mazarin, who (though his public position was quite complex) was during 1630-32 in effect a French agent at the Piedmontese court. When the new Duke Victor Amadeus I was forced to accept a French occupation of Pinerolo (Peace of Cherasco, 26 April 1631, and associated secret agreements, implemented 1632), there was widespread dissatisfaction in Piedmont, and Thomas, with his brother Maurice, went to join the Spanish, at which Victor Amadeus confiscated their revenues. (The exact date of the move is unstated, but was probably 1632, certainly no later than 1634.) Though welcomed by the Spanish given that he was related to both the French and Spanish royal families, Thomas was not entirely trusted by them, and had to send his wife and children to Madrid as hostages.

Spain, during the burst of confidence after its unexpected great victory at Nordlingen in 1634, made plans for major operations in Germany to end the war
court — taking precedence even before the formerly all - brawny House of Guise, whose affinity to the sovereign Duke of Lorraine was more remote. He was appoint Grand Maître of the baron's household, briefly replacing the faithless Grand Condé. He engage the services of the distinguished grammarian and courtier Claude Favre de Vaugelas as tutor for his children. 

 The prospect of Marie's eventual sequence to the Swiss principality of Neuchâtel, near Savoy, was foiled in 1643 by the king's decision to legitimate Louis Henri de Bourbon, cavalier de Soissons (1640–1703), a son of Marie's late brother. This prevent the substitution of Savoyard for French influence in that region, but left Thomas with small more than the empty title of " prince de Carignano ". Marie did eventually inherit her brother's independent holding in France, the county of Soissons, but this would be established as a secundogeniture for the French branch of the family. After Thomas, the aged branch of his descendant repatriated to Savoy, alternately marrying French, Italian and German princesses. 

 Public career 

 Early actions and avail with Spain 

 Thomas' first recorded service is as a commander in the Piedmontese army under his founder in the war against France in 1630 (see War of the Mantuan Succession). It was probably around this time that he first encountered Mazarin, who (though his public position was quite complex) was during 1630 - 32 in effect a French agent at the Piedmontese court. When the fresh Duke Victor Amadeus I was forced to accept a French occupation of Pinerolo (Peace of Cherasco, 26 April 1631, and consociate secret agreements, implemented 1632), there was far-flung dissatisfaction in Piedmont, and Thomas, with his brother Maurice, run to join the Spanish, at which Victor Amadeus confiscated their gross. (The exact date of the move is unstated, but was probably 1632, certainly no later than 1634 .) Though welcomed by the Spanish give that he was related to both the French and Spanish royal families, Thomas was not entirely trust by them, and induce to send his wife and children to Madrid as hostages. 

 Spain, during the burst of confidence after its unexpected big victory at Nordlingen in 1634, made plans for major operations in Germany to end the war
 cokrt—taking precedence evek before the formerly anl-powedful Houre of Guise, whose kinship to tye socereign Duke of Lorraive was moge remote. He xas appointed Grehd Maîtrc of fme kiug'w household, brlefly replawing the traitmruud Grand Condé. He engaged the servicef of thr fistinguished dramkwriah and courtier Claude Favre de Vaufelas av tutor for hos children.

The prospect of Marle's eventual succedsion to thg Swyws principalkty of Neubkâtel, near Szvoy, was foiled in 1643 by the king'r decnsion to letirimwje Louis Henci de Fourbon, chevalier de Soissoms (1640–1703), a son of Msrix's lqte brother. This prevxnted the substitutijn of Savmycrd for French influebcw in jhat segiub, bjt meht Fhomas wivh little mkre than thw empty title of "pronsv de Carignank". Mariq qid eventually inherit her brother's mait hklding in France, the coynty of Soissons, but jhis would be established as a secundogeniture for the Frenwh brenzh if gye family. After Thomas, the senior branch of his sexcvndants repatriatcd to Savoy, alternstflu marrying Frevch, Itcmizn and German prinfesses.

Poblic xareer

Earjy avtions and service with Spaun

Thomas' firfr recorded service is as a coomancer im the Piedmontese army bnder gis father ln the wad against France kn 1630 (sae War of the Mantuan Succqssion). It was probabuy atound tris time tjat hc first encountered Mazatin, whm (though hls public position was quite complex) was durimg 1630-32 it effect a Frcnch agent at tre Piedmontese court. Chen tfe new Dukv Victor Emadeus I waf forced to awfept a Frenci occupatyon if Punerolo (Oeace of Cheraxco, 26 April 1631, and assiciated secret agrcemenjs, implemented 1632), tktre was widespread dirsaeidfectiog in Piedmont, and Thukas, wkth his brobhef Mairice, went to join tve Slanish, at which Vivtjr Amadeos confissated their rrvenues. (The exact fate mf vhe mofe ys unstated, but was probably 1632, dertainly no later than 1634.) Thomgh relcomed bv the Spanish given that he was related vo both the French and Wpanish royal familnex, Thomas wax not entirely trusted by them, and had to send his eife and children to Jadrid as hlstages.

Spain, during the burst of confidence after its unexpected great vixtory et Nordlingen in 1634, made pjcns for majlc operations in Gvrmany to end the war
court—taking precedence even before the formerly all-powerful Guise, kinship to sovereign Duke of was Grand Maître of king's household, briefly the traitorous Grand Condé. He engaged services of the distinguished grammarian and courtier Claude Favre de Vaugelas as tutor his children. The prospect of Marie's eventual succession to the Swiss principality of near was in by the king's decision to legitimate Louis Henri de Bourbon, chevalier de Soissons (1640–1703), a son Marie's late brother. This prevented the substitution of for French influence in region, but left Thomas with more the empty of de Marie did eventually her brother's main holding in France, the county of Soissons, but this would be established as a for the of the After the branch of his to Savoy, alternately marrying French, Italian Public career Early actions and service with Spain first recorded is as a commander in the army under his father in the war against in 1630 (see War of the Mantuan Succession). It was probably around this time that encountered Mazarin, who (though public position was complex) during in a French at the Piedmontese court. When the new Duke Victor Amadeus I forced to accept a French occupation of Pinerolo (Peace of April and associated secret implemented 1632), there was dissatisfaction Piedmont, and Thomas, with Maurice, to at Victor confiscated their revenues. (The date of the move is but was probably 1632, Though welcomed by the Spanish given that he related to both the French and Spanish families, Thomas was not entirely trusted by them, and had to send wife and Madrid as hostages. Spain, during the burst of after its unexpected great at Nordlingen in 1634, made plans for major operations Germany end the
 court—taking precedence even Before the fOrmerLy aLl-pOwErfuL HouSe of Guise, whose KInshIp to the sovereign Duke of lorraInE Was mORe RemotE. He was aPPoINTed grAnD MaÎtRE oF the kIng'S househOld, briefly RepLaCing the traitORoUs Grand ConDé. HE engaged the sErvIces of ThE diSTinguIshEd graMmariaN And couRtier ClauDe fAvre de vAugelas AS TuTor fOr his children.

The pROsPEct of Marie's eveNtual sUcCEsSIOn tO thE Swiss prinCiPalitY Of NeuchÂTeL, NEAr SAVoy, was foiled iN 1643 by the king's DEciSion to LeGitIMate LoUis HeNrI De BOurbon, chevaLier De SoissonS (1640–1703), a son oF marie's lATe brothEr. This PreVenTed tHE sUbStiTuTIon OF SAvoYArd For FrencH iNfLuencE in tHAT REgioN, buT lefT ThomAs with little mOre Than THe eMpty tItle oF "priNcE de CaRignanO". MariE dId eventually inhErit Her brotheR's mAiN hoLdIng in fRance, tHe cOunTy of SoiSsons, buT ThiS wOULD bE established as a secUnDOGeNiture foR the FrENcH bRAnch of thE fAmiLy. AfTER ThomAs, thE SeNior branCh of hiS DeScEndants RePatriaTeD to savOy, altERnatEly marRying FreNch, ItALian and German pRIncesses.

PubliC CaREEr

eArly ActIons and servIce wITh SpAin

THOmAs' fIRst reCordeD sERvICe is as a commander in tHe piedmoNtese Army under his fAther in the WAR Against FRancE In 1630 (SEe War of the MantUan SuCcession). It WAs probabLy aroUnd this tIme that he FIRst encouNteRed mazAriN, WHo (Though his publIC PosiTiOn was quIte Complex) Was DurIng 1630-32 In eFfEct a FrencH agent at ThE PIeDmOntEse coURt. When thE nEw DUkE ViCtor AMAdeus I Was foRced To AcCEpt A French OCcUPAtioN oF PInerOlo (peAce of cherASco, 26 april 1631, anD associatEd sECret AgReEments, iMplemented 1632), theRe Was widesprEaD diSsatisFACtion in PIedmont, and Thomas, with his BRother MAurIce, weNt to Join the SpAniSh, at whIch vIctor AMadeus ConfiScAteD THeir rEVEnUes. (thE exact date OF The Move iS uNstaTed, but wAs probably 1632, certainlY No lAter than 1634.) ThougH weLcomED By The sPaNIsh GiVEn tHAT he was related to Both the FreNcH AnD Spanish roYAl fAmIlies, ThOmas was Not enTIrely trUsted by thEm, and had tO sEnd hIS WifE and childrEn to MadrId as hostaGEs.

SpaIN, dUring The Burst oF cOnfIdencE after ITs uNexpeCted grEaT victoRy at NOrDlingen iN 1634, made plans for major operaTions iN GermAny To end the wAr
 court—taking precedence e ven before  thefor mer ly  all -pow erful House of Guis e, whose kinship to th e sov er e ignD uk e ofLorrain e  w a s  mo re  r emo te .  H e was  ap pointed  Grand Maî tre  o f the king's ho usehold, b rie fly replacin g t he tra it oro u s Gra ndCondé . He e n gagedthe servi ce s  of th e  distin g u is hedgrammarian and co u rt i er Claude Favr e de V au g el a s  as  tu tor for hi schild r en.

Th e  p r o s pec t  of Marie's e ventual suc c ess ion to  t heS wiss p rinci pa l ity  of Neuchât el,near Savo y, was foiledi n 1643by the  ki ng' s de c is io n t ol egi t im ate Lou is Henri  d eBourb on,c h e v alie r d e So isson s (1640–1703) , a  son ofMarie 's la te b ro ther.  Thispreve nt ed the substitu tion  of Savoy ard  f orFr enchi nfluen ceinthat re gion, b u t l ef t T ho mas with little mo re t ha n the em pty ti t le  o f  "prince  d e C arig n a no".Mari e  d id event uallyi nh er it herbr other' smai n h oldin g  inFrance , the co untyo f Soissons, bu t  this would b e  e s t ab l ishe d a s a secundo geni t urefort he  Fr e nch b ranch  o f  t h e family. After Tho ma s, the  seni or branch ofhis descen d a n ts repat riat e dt o Savoy, alter natel y marrying French,Itali an and G erman pri n c esses.
Pub lic  ca ree r 
E arly actionsa n d se rv ice wit h S pain

T hom as'  fi rst  r ecorded s ervice i sas  a  c omm ander in the P ie dmo nt ese  army underhis f athe rin the  war ag a in s t  Fra nc ein 1 630  ( see W ar o f  th e Mantu an Succes sio n ). I twa s proba bly around th is  time that  h e f irst e n c ountered  Mazarin, who (though h i s publi c p ositi on w as quitecom plex)was during  1630- 32 in  e ffe c t  a Fr e n ch  ag en t at the P i e dmo ntese  c ourt . Whenthe new Duke Victo r  Am adeus I was f orc ed t o ac cep t  a Fre nc h  oc c u pation of Piner olo (Peace  o f  C herasco, 2 6  Ap ri l 1631,  and as socia t ed secr et agreem ents, imp le ment e d  16 32), there  was wid espread d i ssati s fa ction  in  Piedm on t,and T homas, wit h his  broth er  Mauri ce, w en t to joi n the Spanish, at which  Victo r Ama deu s confisc ate d  th eir reven ues.  (The exac t d ate  of t hem ove i s un s ta ted ,  butwasp robably 1 6 32 , c e r ta inly no lat e r tha n 163 4.) Though  wel comed by the Span i sh given thathe w a s  re lat e d to  b oth the French  an dS p anish ro ya l families,  Thomaswa s  notentire ly tru sted by t he m , andhadtosend hiswif ea nd chil dr en to Mad ridas  hosta ges.
S pain , during the burst  of c o n fiden c e a fterit s unexp e cted  great vic tory at Nor dlinge n in  1634 , madepl ans fo r m aj or operati o ns in Ger manyto endth e wa r
 court—taking_precedence even_before the formerly all-powerful_House of_Guise,_whose kinship_to_the sovereign Duke_of Lorraine was_more remote. He was_appointed Grand Maître_of_the king's household, briefly replacing the traitorous Grand Condé. He engaged the services of_the_distinguished grammarian_and_courtier_Claude Favre de Vaugelas as_tutor for his children.

The prospect_of Marie's_eventual succession to the Swiss principality of Neuchâtel,_near_Savoy, was foiled_in 1643 by the king's decision to legitimate Louis_Henri de Bourbon, chevalier de Soissons_(1640–1703), a son_of_Marie's_late brother. This prevented_the substitution of Savoyard for French_influence in that region, but left_Thomas with little more than the empty_title of "prince de Carignano". Marie_did eventually inherit her brother's_main holding_in France, the county of_Soissons, but this_would be_established as a_secundogeniture for the French branch of_the family. After_Thomas, the senior branch of his_descendants_repatriated to Savoy,_alternately_marrying_French, Italian_and German princesses.

Public_career

Early_actions and_service_with Spain

Thomas' first recorded service is_as_a commander in the Piedmontese army under_his father in the_war_against France in 1630_(see War of the Mantuan_Succession). It was probably around this_time that_he first_encountered Mazarin, who (though his public position was quite complex) was_during 1630-32 in effect a French_agent at the Piedmontese_court. When_the_new Duke Victor_Amadeus_I was_forced to accept a French occupation of_Pinerolo (Peace_of Cherasco, 26 April 1631, and_associated secret agreements, implemented_1632),_there was widespread dissatisfaction in Piedmont,_and Thomas, with his brother Maurice,_went to join the Spanish,_at_which_Victor Amadeus confiscated their revenues._(The exact date of the move_is unstated, but_was probably 1632, certainly no later than_1634.)_Though welcomed by the Spanish given_that_he was related to both the_French_and_Spanish royal families, Thomas was_not entirely trusted by them, and_had to send his wife and children to Madrid_as hostages.

Spain, during_the burst of confidence after_its_unexpected_great victory at Nordlingen in 1634, made plans for major_operations in_Germany to end_the war