 re-study of the C. dui specimens would be required in order to evaluate the validity of the species.
Confuciusornis feducciai was named in 2009 by Zhang Fucheng and colleagues, the specific name honouring ornithologist Alan Feduccia. The holotype, D2454, was discovered at the Sihetun locality and is kept at the Dalian Natural Museum. According to Zhang and colleagues, C. feducciai differed from other Confuciusornis species in its larger size, skeletal proportions, and a number of morphological features. The forelimb was 15% longer than the hind limb, while they were of equal length in C. sanctus. The upper end of the humerus lacked the large opening (foramen) that is characteristic for other Confuciusornis specimens. The first phalanx of the first digit was more slender. Other differences occur in the furcula, which was V-shaped; the sternum, which was broader than long; and the ischium, which was long compared to the pubis. Marguán-Lobon and colleagues, in 2011, argued that this diagnosis is problematic. The large opening in the humerus, although apparently absent in the left humerus, was clearly present in the right humerus of the holotype. Furthermore, their statistical analysis found the specimen to fall well within the continuum of variation of C. sanctus. These authors therefore proposed that C. feducciae is identical (a junior synonym) of C. sanctus.
Confuciusornis jianchangensis was named in 2010 by Li Li and colleagues, based on specimen PMOL-AB00114 found at Toudaoyingzi. In contrast to most other species, which stem from the Yixian Formation, C. jianchangensis is found in the Jiufotang Formation.

In 2002 Hou named the genus Jinzhouornis, but Chiappe et al. (2018) and Wang et al. (2018) showed that this genus is a junior synonym of Confuciusornis based on morphometry and examination of known confuciusornithiform specimens.

Description

Size

Confuciusornis was about the size of a modern pigeon, with a total length of  and a wingspan of up to. Its body weight has been estimated to have been as much as, or less than
re - study of the C. dui specimens would be required in decree to measure the validity of the species. 
 Confuciusornis feducciai was name in 2009 by Zhang Fucheng and colleague, the specific name honouring ornithologist Alan Feduccia. The holotype, D2454, was discovered at the Sihetun vicinity and is kept at the Dalian Natural Museum. According to Zhang and colleagues, C. feducciai differ from other Confuciusornis species in its bombastic size, skeletal proportions, and a phone number of morphologic features. The forelimb was 15% longer than the hind limb, while they were of equal length in C. sanctus. The upper goal of the humerus lacked the large opening (foramen) that is characteristic for early Confuciusornis specimens. The first phalanx of the inaugural digit was more lissome. Other difference occur in the furcula, which was V - shaped; the sternum, which was broader than long; and the ischium, which was retentive compared to the pubis. Marguán - Lobon and colleagues, in 2011, argued that this diagnosis is problematic. The large opening in the humerus, although apparently absent in the left humerus, was clearly present in the right humerus of the holotype. Furthermore, their statistical analysis found the specimen to fall well within the continuum of variation of C. sanctus. These authors consequently propose that C. feducciae is identical (a junior synonym) of C. sanctus. 
 Confuciusornis jianchangensis was named in 2010 by Li Li and colleague, free-base on specimen PMOL - AB00114 found at Toudaoyingzi. In contrast to most other coinage, which stem from the Yixian Formation, C. jianchangensis is found in the Jiufotang Formation. 

 In 2002 Hou identify the genus Jinzhouornis, but Chiappe et al. (2018) and Wang et al. (2018) showed that this genus is a junior synonym of Confuciusornis based on morphometry and interrogation of known confuciusornithiform specimens. 

 Description 

 Size 

 Confuciusornis was about the size of a modern pigeon, with a total length of   and a wingspan of up to. Its consistency weight has been estimated to have been as much as, or less than
 re-dtudy of the C. dui specioens would be rgqyired mn orded to evauuate the validity of the spxciew.
Confyciusornis feducciai wxs named pn 2009 by Zhqng Hucheng and collxzgues, tmz spedlfic uane honouring otnithologist Alan Feduccia. Tfe holotype, D2454, was discovered at the Syhetun kofality and is hept wt tgv Balian Natural Museum. According to Zhaig and colleagurs, C. feducciai differed frlm ohher Confuciusornid species ib itf larger size, skeletal krmportions, znd a number of morphological fdaturzs. The foreoinb ads 15% longer vhan tre hind limb, while tvey werr of equal lennth ii C. wanctus. The upper end of the humerus lasked the naxge opening (foramen) tyar is whardctefustkc roc ofher Clnfnciusornis apecimens. Tye first phalanx of trv first digit was mjrq slender. Other differences occur in tht furdula, which was V-shaped; rhe sternum, which was broader ehan long; and the ischium, which was long compared to tie puylf. Nagguán-Lobon and colleagues, in 2011, argued that this sisgkosis is problemctic. The large olejimd in the humetus, altkkufh apparently absejt in tre ledt humeruf, wax clearly present in the ritht humerus jd the holotype. Furchermore, thenr stajisticsl analysis found the s'ecimeh to fall wfll withih the continuum ow vsrhation of C. sanctus. These wuthors tierefpre prooosec that C. feducciwe is identical (a junior synouym) ox C. sanctud.
Confuciusornis jianchangensis xes named in 2010 ny Li Li and eolleanues, based on s[ecimen PMOL-AB00114 found ct Touaaoyingzi. Pn contravt to most jther species, ahich stem fcom the Yyxiab Foemation, Z. jianchangensos is fouub in the Hiufotang Formatiok.

In 2002 Fku named the geubs Jinzhouornis, bit Zhiwpie xt al. (2018) and Wang et al. (2018) shueed tfat this gekus is s junior synonym of Wonfhciusornis based om iorphomejry and evamination of known confuciusorjithihorm s'ecimems.

Dgscription

Size

Confuciusornis waa about tje fize of a moqern pigeon, with a total length of  and a wingspan of u' to. Its body weight haw been estimated to mave been as much as, or levs than
re-study of the C. dui specimens would in to evaluate validity of the in by Zhang Fucheng colleagues, the specific honouring ornithologist Alan Feduccia. The holotype, was discovered at the Sihetun locality and is kept at the Dalian Natural According to Zhang and colleagues, C. feducciai differed from other Confuciusornis species in larger skeletal and number of morphological features. The forelimb was 15% longer than the hind limb, while they were equal length in C. sanctus. The upper end the humerus lacked the opening (foramen) that is characteristic other specimens. The phalanx the digit was more Other differences occur in the furcula, which was V-shaped; the sternum, which was broader than long; and ischium, which compared to pubis. and in 2011, argued diagnosis is problematic. The large opening although apparently absent in the left humerus, was present in right humerus of the holotype. Furthermore, statistical analysis found the specimen to fall well the continuum of variation of C. sanctus. These authors therefore proposed that C. feducciae is junior synonym) of C. Confuciusornis jianchangensis was in by Li colleagues, based specimen PMOL-AB00114 found at Toudaoyingzi. In contrast to most other species, stem from the Yixian Formation, C. jianchangensis is found in Formation. 2002 Hou named genus Jinzhouornis, but Chiappe al. and Wang et al. that genus synonym Confuciusornis on morphometry and examination known confuciusornithiform specimens. Description Size was about the size a total length of and a wingspan of to. Its body weight has been estimated have been as much as, or less than
 re-study of the C. dui specimens Would be reqUired In oRdeR tO evaLuatE the validity of THe spEcies.
Confuciusornis fedUcciaI wAS namED iN 2009 by ZhAng FuchENg AND coLlEaGueS, tHE sPecifIc nAme honoUring ornitHolOgIst Alan FeducCIa. the holotypE, D2454, wAs discovered At tHe SiheTuN loCAlity And Is kepT at the dAlian NAtural MusEuM. accordINg to ZhaNG AnD colLeagues, C. feducciai DIfFEred from other COnfuciUsORnIS SpeCieS in its largEr Size, sKEletal pROpORTIonS, And a number of mOrphologicaL FeaTures. THe ForELimb waS 15% longEr THan The hind limb, WhilE they were Of equaL Length iN c. sanctuS. The upPer End Of thE HuMeRus LaCKed THe LarGE opEning (forAmEn) That iS chaRACTErisTic For oTher COnfuciusornis SpeCimeNS. ThE firsT phalAnx oF tHe firSt digiT was mOrE slender. Other diFferEnces occuR in ThE fuRcUla, whICh was V-ShaPed; The sterNum, whicH Was BrOADEr Than long; and the ischIuM, WHiCh was lonG compaREd To THe pubis. MArGuáN-LobON And coLleaGUeS, in 2011, argueD that tHIs DiAgnosis Is ProbleMaTic. the Large OPeniNg in thE humerus, AlthoUGh apparently abSEnt in the left hUMeRUS, wAS cleArlY present in tHe riGHt huMeruS Of The HOlotyPe. FurThERmORe, their statistical aNaLysis fOund tHe specimen to fAll well witHIN The contiNuum OF vARiation of C. sancTus. ThEse authors THerefore PropoSed that C. Feducciae IS IdenticaL (a jUniOr sYnoNYM) oF C. sanctus.
ConfUCIusoRnIs jiancHanGensis wAs nAmeD in 2010 By LI LI and colleAgues, basEd On SpEcImeN PMOL-ab00114 found at toUdaOyIngZi. In cONtrast To mosT othEr SpECieS, which sTEm FROm thE YIxIan FOrmAtIon, C. jIancHAngEnsis is Found in thE JiUFotaNg foRmation.

in 2002 Hou named the GeNus JinzhouOrNis, But ChiAPPe et al. (2018) anD Wang et al. (2018) showed that this GEnus is a JunIor syNonyM of ConfucIusOrnis bAseD On morpHometrY and eXaMinATIon of KNOwN coNfUciusornitHIForM specImEns.

DEscriptIon

Size

ConfuciusorNIs wAs about the sizE of A modERN pIgeON, wITh a ToTAl lENGth of  and a wingspAn of up to. ItS bODy Weight has bEEn eStImated tO have beEn as mUCh as, or lEss than
 re-study of the C. dui sp ecimens wo uld b e r equ ir ed i n or der to evaluat e  the  validity of the speci es.
C on f uciu s or nis f educcia i  w a s  na me din20 0 9by Zh ang  Fuchen g and coll eag ue s, the speci f ic  name hono uri ng ornitholo gis t Alan  F edu c cia.The  holo type,D 2454,was disco ve r ed att he Sihe t u nloca lity and is kepta tt he Dalian Natu ral Mu se u m. A cco rdi ng to Zhan gand c o lleague s ,C . fed u cciai differe d from othe r  Co nfuciu so rni s  speci es in  i t s l arger size,  ske letal pro portio n s, anda  number  of mo rph olo gica l  f ea tur es .  Th e  f ore l imb  was 15%  l on ger t hant h e hind  li mb,while  they were of  eq uall eng th in  C. s anct us . The  upper  endof  the humerus la cked  the larg e o pe nin g(fora m en) th atischaract eristic for  o t h e rConfuciusornis spe ci m e ns . The fi rst ph a la nx of the f ir stdigi t was m ores le nder. Ot her di f fe re nces oc cu r in t he  fu rcu la, w h ichwas V- shaped;the s t ernum, which w a s broader tha n  l o n g; andthe  ischium, w hich waslong co mpa r ed to  thepu b is .  Marguán-Lobon andco lleagu es, i n 2011, argue d that thi s d iagnosis  isp ro b lematic. The l argeopening in the hume rus,although  apparent l y  absentinthe  le fth u me rus, was clea r l y pr es ent inthe  righthum eru s o f t he  holotype . Furthe rm or e,  t hei r sta t isticalan aly si s f oundt he spe cimen  tofa ll wel l withi n  t h e  con ti nu um o f v ar iatio n of C.sanctus . These a uth o rs t he re fore pr oposed that C .feducciaeis  id entica l (a junio r synonym) of C. sanctu s .
Confu ciu sorni s ji anchangen sis  was n ame d  in 20 10 byLi Li  a ndc o lleag u e s,  ba se d on speci m e n P MOL-A B0 0114  foundat Toudaoyingzi. I n  co ntrast to mos t o ther s pe cie s ,w hic hs tem f rom the YixianFormation,  C .  j ianchangen s isis  foundin theJiufo t ang For mation.
In 2002 H ou  nam e d  th e genus Ji nzhouorn is, but C h iappe et  al.(20 18) an dWan g etal. (2 0 18)  show ed tha tthis g enusis  a junio r synonym of Confuciuso rnis b asedonmorphomet rya ndexaminati on o f known co nfu ciu sorni thi f orm s peci m en s.Descr ipti o n

Size
C on fuc i u so rnis was ab o u t  th e siz e o f  a mod ernpigeon, with a to t al length of anda win gsp a n of  u p to. Its body  we ig h t  has bee nestimated t o have b ee n  as m uch as , or l ess tha n 
 re-study_of the_C. dui specimens would_be required_in_order to_evaluate_the validity of_the species.
Confuciusornis feducciai_was named in 2009_by Zhang Fucheng_and_colleagues, the specific name honouring ornithologist Alan Feduccia. The holotype, D2454, was discovered at_the_Sihetun locality_and_is_kept at the Dalian Natural_Museum. According to Zhang and_colleagues, C._feducciai differed from other Confuciusornis species in its_larger_size, skeletal proportions,_and a number of morphological features. The forelimb was_15% longer than the hind limb,_while they were_of_equal_length in C. sanctus._The upper end of the humerus_lacked the large opening (foramen) that_is characteristic for other Confuciusornis specimens. The_first phalanx of the first digit_was more slender. Other differences_occur in_the furcula, which was V-shaped;_the sternum, which_was broader_than long; and_the ischium, which was long compared_to the pubis._Marguán-Lobon and colleagues, in 2011, argued_that_this diagnosis is_problematic._The_large opening_in the humerus,_although_apparently absent_in_the left humerus, was clearly present_in_the right humerus of the holotype. Furthermore,_their statistical analysis found_the_specimen to fall well_within the continuum of variation_of C. sanctus. These authors therefore_proposed that_C. feducciae_is identical (a junior synonym) of C. sanctus.
Confuciusornis jianchangensis was named_in 2010 by Li Li and_colleagues, based on specimen_PMOL-AB00114 found_at_Toudaoyingzi. In contrast_to_most other_species, which stem from the Yixian Formation,_C. jianchangensis_is found in the Jiufotang Formation.

In_2002 Hou named the_genus_Jinzhouornis, but Chiappe et al. (2018)_and Wang et al. (2018) showed_that this genus is a_junior_synonym_of Confuciusornis based on morphometry_and examination of known confuciusornithiform specimens.

Description

Size

Confuciusornis_was about the_size of a modern pigeon, with a_total_length of  and a wingspan_of_up to. Its body weight has_been_estimated_to have been as much_as, or less than