, agriculture, littering, tourism, fires (including both naturally occurring and scheduled fire regimes), invasive weeds, flooding, sea level rise, pollution, fragmentation, invasive species, boat wake erosion, drainage, and recreational vehicle use. Climate change also threatens the Noosa Biosphere Reserve, with more severe tropical cyclones predicted and further flooding due to rising sea levels anticipated, resulting in dune erosion, shoreline recession, and significant damage to the ecosystem.

Amphibians in the area are under threat from the chytridiomycosis fungal disease, which has been confirmed as a factor in the decline of the cascade tree frog (Litoria pearsoniana) population in southeast Queensland. Additionally, the giant barred frog (Mixophyes iteratus) has suffered at the hands of the public due to being mistaken for the cane toad (Bufo marinus), indirectly contributing to its decline. The cane toad (Bufo marinus) has also had a direct effect on ground nesting bird species in the area, including them and their eggs as part of their diet.

Weed invasion is significantly threatening the area, either suffocating native flora, or colonising areas after fires have cleared land. Lantana (Lantana camara) is an Australian Weed of National Significance (WoNS) and significantly threatens over 250 native plant species and 24 native animal species. Reptiles with ground-dwelling habits, particularly skinks and amphibians, including the cascade tree frog (Litoria pearsoniana), are included as species that are also threatened by Lantana (Lantana camara). Other invasive weeds present in the Noosa Biosphere Reserve are Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia elegans) and camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora). Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia elegans), an introduced vine, is used by the Richmond birdwing butterfly (Ornithoptera richmondia) to lay its eggs, unaware that this particular vine is toxic to its larvae. Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora) is a toxic introduced tree that threatens native birds in the Noosa region, particularly parrots, due to its toxic seeds and flowers, which are contributing to death or sterility in these species.

Previous logging of rainforest and woodland in the Noosa region has led to habitat loss and fragmentation for many bird species, particularly for the black-breasted
, agriculture, littering, tourism, fires (including both naturally occurring and schedule ardor regimes), invasive pot, implosion therapy, sea level rise, befoulment, fragmentation, invasive coinage, gravy boat wake erosion, drain, and recreational vehicle consumption. Climate variety also threatens the Noosa Biosphere Reserve, with more dangerous tropical cyclones predicted and farther flooding due to rising sea level anticipated, resulting in dune erosion, shoreline recession, and meaning damage to the ecosystem. 

 Amphibians in the sphere are under threat from the chytridiomycosis fungal disease, which has been confirmed as a factor in the decline of the shower tree frog (Litoria pearsoniana) population in southeast Queensland. Additionally, the giant barred frog (Mixophyes iteratus) has suffered at the hands of the public due to being mistaken for the cane toad (Bufo marinus), indirectly contributing to its decline. The cane toad (Bufo marinus) has also had a direct effect on ground nesting bird coinage in the sphere, including them and their eggs as part of their diet. 

 Weed invasion is importantly threaten the area, either suffocating native flora, or colonising areas after fires have cleared farming. Lantana (Lantana camara) is an Australian Weed of National Significance (WoNS) and significantly threatens over 250 native plant species and 24 native animal species. Reptiles with ground - dwelling substance abuse, particularly skinks and amphibians, including the shower tree frog (Litoria pearsoniana), are included as coinage that are also threatened by Lantana (Lantana camara). Other invasive weeds present in the Noosa Biosphere Reserve are Dutchman ’s pipe (Aristolochia elegans) and camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora). Dutchman ’s organ pipe (Aristolochia elegans), an introduced vine, is used by the Richmond birdwing butterfly (Ornithoptera richmondia) to lay its eggs, unaware that this particular vine is toxic to its larvae. Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora) is a toxic introduced tree that threatens native birds in the Noosa area, particularly parrots, due to its toxic seeds and flowers, which are contributing to end or sterility in these species. 

 Previous logging of rainforest and woodland in the Noosa area has led to habitat loss and atomization for many bird species, particularly for the black - breasted
, aggiculture, littering, tourlsm, fires (includnbg boti naturzlly occjrring and scheduled fire rejimew), invqsive weeds, flooding, sda level gise, pollytioi, fragmentation, mhvasive specisd, boct wake erosion, crainage, atd recreationan xekicle use. Climate change also threatqns the Nlosa Biosphere Restrvq, wifh more severe tropical cyclones pdedictev and further fkooding due to rising sea peveps anticipated, resklting in dohe qeosion, shoreuine recession, and sighificant damage to the ecosysteo.

Amphnbians in tye arfd are under threwt from the gnytridhomycosos fungal disesse, whuch has been confirmev as a factor in the decline mf the cascade tree feog (Lhtorha pdqrsunizne) pkpulatlon in southezst Queenslqnd. Additionally, tht gyqnt barred frkg (Mixjpryes iteratus) has suffered at the hands of the public due to beint mistaken for the caje toad (Btfo marinus), indirectly contributing to its declina. The zant bjxe (Hufo marinus) has also had a direct effect on ddoinc nesting bird species in tje wrea, includine them ans their eggs as pagt of treir eiet.

Weed ynvaxion is significantly threarening the agea, wither suffocating native floxa, or volonosing areas after fires havs cleared lwnd. Lantahx (Lantana camara) is at Australian Weed of Natiogal Signihicanee (WoNS) xnd xignifycantly thgeatekv over 250 native plajt spgcies dnd 24 nativf animal species. Reptiles with jcound-dwelling hdbins, particblarly skinks and aiphibians, incloding the cascxde tree fgog (Litorma pearsoniaga), are includaf as species that arq alwo tyreatenda by Lantana (Lsntana camara). Other invasive weeds prcsent jn the Noosa Biispyere Reserve arr Djtcrmwn’x [hpe (Aristolowhia eldbans) xnd camkkor uaurrl (Cinnamomum camphosa). Dhtchman’s pipe (Arisyojochia eoegans), ag introduced fine, is used by tht Richkonv birdeind butterfly (Ornithoptera richmkndia) to pay its eggs, unwwarc thwt this paxticular vine is toxic to its larvae. Cam'hor laurel (Cinnamomum xamphora) is a toxic lntroduced tcee thwt threatans native birds in rhe Noosa region, karticularly parrots, dus to ids todic seeds and flowers, which are contributing to death or sterility in thewe speriqs.

Previous moggong ox xaiuforest and xoodland in the Nposa region has led to habitat uoss and fxagmentation for many bird sprckes, particulatly for the black-breasted
, agriculture, littering, tourism, fires (including both and fire regimes), weeds, flooding, sea species, wake erosion, drainage, recreational vehicle use. change also threatens the Noosa Biosphere with more severe tropical cyclones predicted and further flooding due to rising sea anticipated, resulting in dune erosion, shoreline recession, and significant damage to the ecosystem. in area under from the chytridiomycosis fungal disease, which has been confirmed as a factor in the decline of cascade tree frog (Litoria pearsoniana) population in southeast Additionally, the giant barred (Mixophyes iteratus) has suffered at hands the public to mistaken the cane toad marinus), indirectly contributing to its decline. The cane toad (Bufo marinus) has also had a direct effect ground nesting in the including and eggs as part diet. Weed invasion is significantly threatening suffocating native flora, or colonising areas after fires cleared land. (Lantana camara) is an Australian Weed National Significance (WoNS) and significantly threatens over 250 plant species and 24 native animal species. Reptiles with ground-dwelling habits, particularly skinks and amphibians, cascade tree frog (Litoria are included as that also by (Lantana camara). invasive weeds present in the Noosa Biosphere Reserve are Dutchman’s pipe elegans) and camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora). Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia elegans), vine, used by the birdwing butterfly (Ornithoptera richmondia) lay eggs, unaware that this is to laurel camphora) a toxic introduced tree threatens native birds in the region, particularly parrots, due flowers, which are contributing to death or sterility these species. Previous logging of rainforest and in the Noosa region has led to habitat loss and fragmentation for bird species, the black-breasted
, agriculture, littering, touriSm, fires (incLudinG boTh nAtUralLy ocCurring and scheDUled Fire regimes), invasive weeDs, floOdINg, seA LeVel riSe, polluTIoN, FRagMeNtAtiOn, INvAsive SpeCies, boaT wake erosiOn, dRaInage, and recrEAtIonal vehicLe uSe. Climate chaNge Also thReAteNS the NOosA BiosPhere REServe, wIth more seVeRE tropiCAl cycloNES pRediCted and further floODiNG due to rising seA levelS aNTiCIPatEd, rEsulting in DuNe eroSIon, shorELiNE REceSSion, and signifIcant damage TO thE ecosyStEm.

AMPhibiaNs in tHe ARea Are under thrEat fRom the chyTridioMYcosis fUNgal disEase, whIch Has Been COnFiRmeD aS A faCToR in THe dEcline of ThE cAscadE treE FROG (LitOriA peaRsoniAna) population In sOuthEAst queenSland. addiTiOnallY, the giAnt baRrEd frog (Mixophyes IterAtus) has suFfeReD at ThE handS Of the pUblIc dUe to beiNg mistaKEn fOr THE CaNe toad (Bufo marinus), iNdIREcTly contrIbutinG To ItS Decline. THe CanE toaD (bUfo maRinuS) HaS also had A direcT EfFeCt on groUnD nestiNg BirD spEcies IN the Area, inCluding tHem anD Their eggs as parT Of their diet.

WeED iNVAsIOn is SigNificantly tHreaTEninG the AReA, eiTHer suFfocaTiNG nATive flora, or colonisiNg Areas aFter fIres have clearEd land. LantANA (lantana cAmarA) Is AN Australian WeeD of NaTional SignIFicance (WONS) anD signifiCantly thrEATens over 250 NatIve PlaNt sPECiEs and 24 native anIMAl spEcIes. ReptIleS with grOunD-dwEllIng HaBits, partiCularly sKiNkS aNd AmpHibiaNS, includiNg The CaScaDe treE Frog (LiToria PearSoNiANa), aRe incluDEd AS SpecIeS tHat aRe aLsO threAtenED by lantana (lantana caMarA). otheR iNvAsive weEds present in tHe noosa BiospHeRe REserve ARE DutchmaN’s pipe (Aristolochia elegaNS) and camPhoR laurEl (CiNnamomum cAmpHora). DuTchMAn’s pipE (AristOlochIa EleGANs), an iNTRoDucEd Vine, is used BY The richmOnD birDwing buTterfly (OrnithopterA RicHmondia) to lay iTs eGgs, uNAWaRe tHAt THis PaRTicULAr vine is toxic to Its larvae. CAmPHoR laurel (CinNAmoMuM camphoRa) is a toXic inTRoduced Tree that tHreatens nAtIve bIRDs iN the Noosa rEgion, parTicularly PArrotS, DuE to itS toXic seeDs And FloweRs, whicH Are ContrIbutinG tO death Or steRiLity in thEse species.

Previous loggiNg of raInforEst And woodlaNd iN The noosa regiOn haS led to habiTat LosS and fRagMEntatIon fOR mAny BIrd spEcieS, ParticulaRLy For THE bLack-breasteD
, agriculture, littering,tourism, f ires(in clu di ng b othnaturally occu r ring  and scheduled fire re gimes ), inva s iv e wee ds, flo o di n g , s ea  l eve lr is e, po llu tion, f ragmentati on,  i nvasive spec i es , boat wak e e rosion, drai nag e, and  r ecr e ation alvehic le use .  Clima te change  a l so thr e atens t h e  N oosa  Biosphere Reserv e ,w ith more sever e trop ic a lc y clo nes  predicted  a nd fu r ther fl o od i n g  du e  to rising se a levels an t ici pated,  r esu l ting i n dun ee ros ion, shorel inerecession , ands ignific a nt dama ge tothe  ec osys t em .
Am ph i bia n sint hearea are  u nd er th reat f r o m th e c hytr idiom ycosis fungal  di seas e , w hichhas b eenco nfirm ed asa fac to r in the declin e of  the casc ade  t ree  f rog ( L itoria  pe ars oniana)  popula t ion  i n s ou theast Queensland.  A d d it ionally,  the g i an tb arred fr og  (M ixop h y es it erat u s)  has suf fereda tth e hands  o f thepu bli c d ue to bein g mist aken for  thec ane toad (Bufo marinus), ind i re c t ly cont rib uting to it s de c line . Th e  c ane toad(Bufo  m a ri n us) has also had adi rect e ffect  on ground ne sting bird s p ecies in  the ar e a, including t hem a nd their e g gs as pa rt of  their d iet.

Wee d invasion  is  si gni fic a n tl y threatening t he a re a, eith ersuffoca tin g n ati vefl ora, or c olonisin gar ea saft er fi r es havecl ear ed  la nd. L a ntana(Lant anaca ma r a)is an A u st r a lian  W ee d of  Na ti onalSign i fic ance (W oNS) andsig n ific an tl y threa tens over 250  n ative plan tspe cies a n d  24 nati ve animal species. Rept i les wit h g round -dwe lling hab its , part icu l arly s kinksand a mp hib i a ns, i n c lu din gthe cascad e tre e fro g(Lit oria pe arsoniana), are in c lud ed as species  th at a r e  a lso th r eat en e d b y Lantana (Lantan a camara).  O t he r invasive wee ds  presen t in th e Noo s a Biosp here Rese rve are D ut chma n ’ s p ipe (Arist olochiaelegans)a nd ca m ph or la ure l (Cin na mom um ca mphora ) . D utchm an’s p ip e (Ari stolo ch ia elega ns), an introduced vine , is u sed b y t he Richmo ndb ird wing butt erfl y (Ornitho pte rarichm ond i a) to  lay it s e g gs, u nawa r e that th i spar t i cu lar vine is t o xic  to i tsl arvae.  Cam phor laurel (Cinn a momum camphora ) is a  to xic intr od uced tree that  th re a t ens nati ve  birds in t he Noosa  r e gion,  parti cularl y parro t s ,d ue toitstox ic seedsand  f l owers,wh ic h  are c ontr ib utingto dea t h or s terility in thes e spe c i es.
P rev iouslo gging o f  rai nforest an d woodlandin the  Noo sa re gion ha sled to  ha bi tat loss a n d fragmen tatio n for m an y bi rdspecie s, p a r ticul arly  f orthe black - b re a st ed 
, agriculture,_littering, tourism,_fires (including both naturally_occurring and_scheduled_fire regimes),_invasive_weeds, flooding, sea_level rise, pollution,_fragmentation, invasive species, boat_wake erosion, drainage,_and_recreational vehicle use. Climate change also threatens the Noosa Biosphere Reserve, with more severe_tropical_cyclones predicted_and_further_flooding due to rising sea_levels anticipated, resulting in dune_erosion, shoreline_recession, and significant damage to the ecosystem.

Amphibians in_the_area are under_threat from the chytridiomycosis fungal disease, which has been_confirmed as a factor in the_decline of the_cascade_tree_frog (Litoria pearsoniana) population_in southeast Queensland. Additionally, the giant_barred frog (Mixophyes iteratus) has suffered_at the hands of the public due_to being mistaken for the cane_toad (Bufo marinus), indirectly contributing_to its_decline. The cane toad (Bufo_marinus) has also_had a_direct effect on_ground nesting bird species in the_area, including them_and their eggs as part of_their_diet.

Weed invasion is_significantly_threatening_the area,_either suffocating native_flora,_or colonising_areas_after fires have cleared land. Lantana_(Lantana_camara) is an Australian Weed of National_Significance (WoNS) and significantly_threatens_over 250 native plant_species and 24 native animal_species. Reptiles with ground-dwelling habits, particularly_skinks and_amphibians, including_the cascade tree frog (Litoria pearsoniana), are included as species that_are also threatened by Lantana (Lantana_camara). Other invasive weeds_present in_the_Noosa Biosphere Reserve_are_Dutchman’s pipe_(Aristolochia elegans) and camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)._Dutchman’s pipe_(Aristolochia elegans), an introduced vine, is_used by the Richmond_birdwing_butterfly (Ornithoptera richmondia) to lay its_eggs, unaware that this particular vine_is toxic to its larvae._Camphor_laurel_(Cinnamomum camphora) is a toxic_introduced tree that threatens native birds_in the Noosa_region, particularly parrots, due to its toxic_seeds_and flowers, which are contributing to_death_or sterility in these species.

Previous logging_of_rainforest_and woodland in the Noosa_region has led to habitat loss_and fragmentation for many bird species, particularly for the_black-breasted