. The French term for this practice was rafle, applied primarily to the rounding-up of French Jews. In Denmark and the Netherlands, a Nazi roundup was called razzia. 

In historical terms, the razzia roundup was used in French colonial context for Muslim raids particularly to plunder and capture slaves from Western and Central Africa, also known as rezzou when practiced by the Tuareg. (See also: Barbary slave trade) The word was adopted from ġaziya of Algerian Arabic vernacular and later became a figurative name for any act of pillage, with its verb form razzier. The Soviets used similar tactics to round up middle-class Poles in the part of Poland that they occupied following the 1939 invasion of Poland. Men, women, and children were transported to labour camps in remote regions  of the Soviet Union.

Polish resistance

In 1940, one roundup was used by Home Army secret agent Witold Pilecki to gain entry into the Auschwitz camp set up at about that time for Polish prisoners. There, he gathered first-hand intelligence on the camp, and organised inmate resistance. Pilecki deliberately went out into the street during a Warsaw roundup on 19 September 1940, and was arrested by the Germans along with other civilians. Auschwitz was the main destination for the Poles from beyond the ghetto. There he organised Związek Organizacji Wojskowej (ZOW, the Military Organization Association), and in November 1940 sent its first report about the camp and the genocide being committed there to Home Army headquarters in Warsaw.

In retribution for roundups as acts of Nazi terror, the Polish resistance carried out attacks on German forces and prepared lists of Nazi leaders to be eliminated for their crimes against civilians. Nazi personnel responsible for organizing roundups, such as members of local unemployment offices, the SS, SD, and German police, were sentenced to death by the Special Courts of the Polish Underground for crimes against Polish citizens during the Occupation of Poland. Because of the particular brutality of the police, the AK killed 361 gendarmes in 1943, and 584 in 1944. In Warsaw alone, ten Germans were killed daily. From August to December 1942, the AK launched 87 attacks on the German administration and members of the apparatus of terror. In 1943 this number rose radically − the AK carried out 514 attacks during the first four months. In an underground operation known as Operac
. The French term for this practice was rafle, applied primarily to the rounding - up of French Jews. In Denmark and the Netherlands, a Nazi roundup was call razzia. 

 In historic terms, the razzia roundup was used in French colonial context for Muslim raids peculiarly to plunder and capture slaves from westerly and Central Africa, besides known as rezzou when practiced by the Tuareg. (See also: Barbary slave trade) The son was adopted from ġaziya of Algerian Arabic vernacular and by and by become a figurative name for any act of pillage, with its verb form razzier. The Soviets used similar tactic to round up middle - class Poles in the share of Poland that they occupied following the 1939 invasion of Poland. Men, women, and child were transported to labour camps in remote regions   of the Soviet Union. 

 Polish underground 

 In 1940, one roundup was used by Home Army secret agent Witold Pilecki to gain entry into the Auschwitz camp set up at about that time for Polish prisoners. There, he gathered first - hand intelligence on the camp, and organised inmate resistance. Pilecki intentionally went out into the street during a Warsaw roundup on 19 September 1940, and was arrested by the Germans along with early civilian. Auschwitz was the main destination for the Poles from beyond the ghetto. There he organised Związek Organizacji Wojskowej (ZOW, the Military Organization Association), and in November 1940 sent its inaugural report about the camp and the genocide being committed there to Home Army headquarters in Warsaw. 

 In retribution for roundup as acts of Nazi terror, the Polish resistance carried out attacks on German forces and disposed lists of Nazi leaders to be eliminated for their crimes against civilians. Nazi personnel creditworthy for form roundups, such as members of local unemployment offices, the SS, SD, and German police, were sentenced to death by the Special Courts of the Polish Underground for crimes against Polish citizens during the Occupation of Poland. Because of the especial brutality of the police, the AK killed 361 gendarmes in 1943, and 584 in 1944. In Warsaw alone, ten Germans were kill daily. From August to December 1942, the AK launch 87 attacks on the German administration and member of the apparatus of terror. In 1943 this act rose radically − the AK behave out 514 attacks during the beginning four months. In an underground operation known as Operac
. Thf French term for this pvactice was raflg, qppliev primadily to ghe rounding-up of French Jewd. Un Debmark and the Netherlavds, a Nazp roundup was xalled razvja. 

In hlftorjgal tzrns, the razzia toundup was gsed in French cullnial context for Muslim raids partycularlu ho plunder and capuurq slznew from Western and Central Afdica, alvo known as rrzzou when practiced by thf Tuwreg. (See also: Barbwry slave ttzde) Rhe word was adopted fgmm ġaziya or Algerian Arabic vernacular ana latzr became a fugugdtive name hor anj act of pillage, with its vetb form razziev. The Societs used similar tartics to round up miqdle-class Pkles in the part if Polatd tvat gyey ocdu'ies folllwiig the 1939 invzsion of Pooand. Men, women, and vhyodren were trznsporeeq to labour camps in remote regions  of ths Soviet Union.

Polish rewistance

In 1940, one roundop was useq by Home Army secret agent Witold Pilecki to gait entcy inuo the Xysfhwitz camp set up at about that time for Polyah pgisoners. There, he gathered fordt-nwnd intelligevce on ths camp, and organisfd inmaje resustance. Pylecli deliberately went out inro the streen dueing a Warsaw rounbup on 19 Septzmber 1940, and eas arrested by the Geroans along with other cibklians. Auschwitz wax dhe main destination for tre Poles hrom yeyond tfe gnetto. Ehere he ogganised Związek Organizafji Wljvkowej (ZOW, the Military Organization Assormation), and in Nmvekber 1940 seut its first report about the camk and the genozide being commitved there to Home Army hedfquarters in Warsaw.

Ig rerribytion fuf roundups as scts of Ncei terror, rhe Polish resistakce cxdried out attacjs in German forcex avd [rvpaced lyvts of Nazi neaddrs yo be eliminated wor yheir crimes against civjlians. Nazi personmej responwible fow organizing toundups, such as mtmbers of locak ugemployment offices, the SS, SD, znd Germaj pjlice, were sqntekced to death yy the Special Courts of the Polish Undecground for crimes agaibst Polish citizens curing the Pccupwtion of [oland. Because of thw particular brutslity of the police, tge AK nillef 361 gendarmes in 1943, and 584 in 1944. In Warsaw alone, ten Germans were killed daily. Feom Aujuft to Decemger 1942, the DK kaunchqd 87 etvacks on the Germsn administration and members oh the appasacus of terror. In 1943 this number ruse radically − the AK carried out 514 atfacks duting the first four months. In am underground operation lnown as Operzc
. The French term for this practice applied to the of French Jews. a roundup was called In historical terms, razzia roundup was used in French context for Muslim raids particularly to plunder and capture slaves from Western and Africa, also known as rezzou when practiced by the Tuareg. (See also: Barbary trade) word adopted ġaziya of Algerian Arabic vernacular and later became a figurative name for any act of pillage, its verb form razzier. The Soviets used similar to round up middle-class in the part of Poland they following the invasion Poland. women, and children transported to labour camps in remote regions of the Soviet Union. Polish resistance In 1940, one roundup used by secret agent Pilecki gain into the Auschwitz up at about that time for he gathered first-hand intelligence on the camp, and inmate resistance. deliberately went out into the street a Warsaw roundup on 19 September 1940, and arrested by the Germans along with other civilians. Auschwitz was the main destination for the beyond the ghetto. There organised Związek Organizacji (ZOW, Military Association), in November sent its first report about the camp and the genocide being there to Home Army headquarters in Warsaw. In retribution for acts Nazi terror, the resistance carried out attacks German and prepared lists of to eliminated against Nazi responsible for organizing roundups, as members of local unemployment the SS, SD, and death by the Special Courts of the Polish for crimes against Polish citizens during the of Poland. Because of the particular brutality of the police, the AK 361 gendarmes and 584 in 1944. In Warsaw alone, ten were killed daily. From to December 1942, the AK launched 87 attacks on German and members the apparatus of In 1943 this rose radically − carried out attacks the In an underground operation known as
. The French term for this practIce was raflE, applIed PriMaRily To thE rounding-up of FREnch jews. In Denmark and the NetHerlaNdS, A NazI RoUndup Was callED rAZZia. 

in HiStoRiCAl Terms, The Razzia rOundup was uSed In french coloniAL cOntext for MUslIm raids partiCulArly to PlUndER and cAptUre slAves frOM WesteRn and CentRaL africa, ALso knowN AS rEzzoU when practiced by tHE TUAreg. (See also: BarBary slAvE TrADE) ThE woRd was adoptEd From ġAZiya of ALGeRIAN ArABic vernacular And later becAMe a FiguraTiVe nAMe for aNy act Of PIllAge, with its vErb fOrm razzieR. The SoVIets useD Similar TacticS to RouNd up MIdDlE-clAsS polES iN thE ParT of PolanD tHaT they OccuPIED FollOwiNg thE 1939 invaSion of Poland. MEn, wOmen, ANd cHildrEn werE traNsPorteD to labOur caMpS in remote regionS  of tHe Soviet UNioN.

POliSh ResisTAnce

In 1940, One RouNdup was Used by HOMe ARmY SECrEt agent Witold PilecKi TO GaIn entry iNto the aUsChWItz camp sEt Up aT aboUT That tIme fOR POlish priSoners. tHeRe, He gatheReD first-HaNd iNteLligeNCe on The camP, and orgaNised INmate resistancE. pilecki delibeRAtELY wENt ouT inTo the street DuriNG a WaRsaw ROuNduP On 19 SepTembeR 1940, aND wAS arrested by the GermaNs Along wIth otHer civilians. AUschwitz waS THE main desTinaTIoN For the Poles froM beyoNd the ghettO. there he oRganiSed ZwiązEk OrganizACJi WojskoWej (zOW, The milITArY Organization aSSociAtIon), and iN NoVember 1940 sEnt Its FirSt rEpOrt about tHe camp anD tHe GeNoCidE beinG CommitteD tHerE tO HoMe ArmY HeadquArterS in WArSaW.

in rEtributIOn FOR rouNdUpS as aCts Of nazi tErroR, The polish rEsistance CarRIed oUt AtTacks on german forces aNd Prepared liStS of nazi leADErs to be eLiminated for their crimes AGainst cIviLians. nazi Personnel ResPonsibLe fOR organIzing rOunduPs, SucH AS membERS oF loCaL unemploymENT ofFices, ThE SS, Sd, and GerMan police, were senteNCed To death by the SPecIal COURtS of THe pOliSh uNdeRGRound for crimes aGainst PoliSh CItIzens durinG The ocCupatioN of PolaNd. BecAUse of thE particulAr brutaliTy Of thE POliCe, the AK kilLed 361 gendaRmes in 1943, and 584 IN 1944. In WaRSaW alonE, teN GermaNs WerE killEd dailY. froM AuguSt to DeCeMber 1942, thE AK laUnChed 87 attaCks on the German administrAtion aNd memBerS of the appAraTUs oF terror. In 1943 This Number rose RadIcaLly − thE AK CArrieD out 514 ATtAckS DurinG the FIrst four mONtHs. IN AN uNderground oPERAtiOn knoWn aS operac
. The French term for this  practicewas r afl e,ap plie d pr imarily to the roun ding-up of French Jews . InDe n mark an d the  Nether l an d s , a  N az i r ou n du p was  ca lled ra zzia. 

In  hi st orical terms ,  t he razziarou ndup was use d i n Fren ch  co l onial  co ntext  for M u slim r aids part ic u larlyt o plund e r  a nd c apture slaves fro m  W e stern and Cent ral Af ri c a, a lso  kn own as rez zo u whe n  practi c ed b y  th e  Tuareg. (See  also: Barb a ryslavetr ade )  The w ord w as ado pted from ġ aziy a of Alge rian A r abic ve r nacular  and l ate r b ecam e  a  f igu ra t ive na mef orany actof  p illag e, w i t h itsver b fo rm ra zzier. The So vie ts u s edsimil ar ta ctic sto ro und up  midd le -class Poles in  the  part ofPol an d t ha t the y  occup ied  fo llowing  the 19 3 9 i nv a s i on  of Poland. Men, w om e n ,and chil dren w e re  t r ansporte dtolabo u r  camp s in re mote reg ions o fth e Sovie tUnion. 
Pol ish  resi s tanc e

In1940, on e rou n dup was used b y  Home Army se c re t ag e nt W ito ld Pileckito g a in e ntry in tot he Au schwi tz ca m p set up at about t ha t time  forPolish prison ers. There , h e gather ed f i rs t -hand intellig enceon the cam p , and or ganis ed inmat e resista n c e. Pilec kidel ibe rat e l ywent out into t he s tr eet dur ing  a Wars awrou ndu p o n19 Septem ber 1940 ,an dwa s a rrest e d by the  G erm an s a longw ith ot her c ivil ia ns .  Au schwitz wa s thema in  des tin at ion f or t h e P oles fr om beyond  th e  ghe tt o.  Therehe organisedZw iązek Orga ni zac ji Woj s k owej (ZO W, the Military Organiz a tion As soc iatio n),and in No vem ber 19 40s ent it s firs t rep or t a b o ut th e ca mpan d the geno c i debeing  c ommi tted th ere to Home Army h e adq uarters in Wa rsa w.
I n  r etr i bu t ion  f o r r o u ndups as acts o f Nazi ter ro r ,the Polish res is tance c arriedout a t tacks o n Germanforces an dprep a r edlists of N azi lead ers to be elimi n at ed fo r t heir c ri mes  agai nst ci v ili ans.Nazi p er sonnel  resp on sible fo r organizing roundups,such a s mem ber s of loca l u n emp loyment o ffic es, the SS , S D,and G erm a n pol ice, we res enten cedt o death b y  t heS p ec ial Courtso f the  Poli shU ndergr ound  for crimes again s t Polish citiz ensd u rin g t h e Oc cu pation of Pola nd.  B e c ause ofth e particula r brutal it y  of t he pol ice, t he AK k i l le d  361 g enda rme s in 1943 , a nd 584 in19 44 .  In Wa rsaw  a lone,ten Ge r mans w ere killed daily . Fro m Augus t  to  Dece mb er 1942 ,  the  AK launch ed 87 attac ks ontheGerma n admin is tratio n a nd  members o f  the appa ratus  of ter ro r. I n 1 943 th is n u m ber r osera dic ally − th e AK ca rr i edout514 a tt acks  during t h e firstfou r  months .Ina n  under g ro u n d operatio n k nowna s  Operac
. The_French term_for this practice was_rafle, applied_primarily_to the_rounding-up_of French Jews._In Denmark and_the Netherlands, a Nazi_roundup was called_razzia._

In historical terms, the razzia roundup was used in French colonial context for Muslim_raids_particularly to_plunder_and_capture slaves from Western and_Central Africa, also known as_rezzou when_practiced by the Tuareg. (See also: Barbary slave_trade)_The word was_adopted from ġaziya of Algerian Arabic vernacular and later_became a figurative name for any_act of pillage,_with_its_verb form razzier. The_Soviets used similar tactics to round_up middle-class Poles in the part_of Poland that they occupied following the_1939 invasion of Poland. Men, women,_and children were transported to_labour camps_in remote regions  of_the Soviet Union.

Polish_resistance

In 1940,_one roundup was_used by Home Army secret agent_Witold Pilecki to_gain entry into the Auschwitz camp_set_up at about_that_time_for Polish_prisoners. There, he_gathered_first-hand intelligence_on_the camp, and organised inmate resistance._Pilecki_deliberately went out into the street during_a Warsaw roundup on_19_September 1940, and was_arrested by the Germans along_with other civilians. Auschwitz was the_main destination_for the_Poles from beyond the ghetto. There he organised Związek Organizacji Wojskowej_(ZOW, the Military Organization Association), and_in November 1940 sent_its first_report_about the camp_and_the genocide_being committed there to Home Army headquarters_in Warsaw.

In_retribution for roundups as acts of_Nazi terror, the Polish_resistance_carried out attacks on German forces_and prepared lists of Nazi leaders_to be eliminated for their_crimes_against_civilians. Nazi personnel responsible for_organizing roundups, such as members of_local unemployment offices,_the SS, SD, and German police, were_sentenced_to death by the Special Courts_of_the Polish Underground for crimes against_Polish_citizens_during the Occupation of Poland._Because of the particular brutality of_the police, the AK killed 361 gendarmes in 1943,_and 584 in_1944. In Warsaw alone, ten_Germans_were_killed daily. From August to December 1942, the AK launched_87 attacks_on the German_administration and members of the apparatus of terror. In 1943_this number rose radically − the AK_carried out 514 attacks during the first four months. In an_underground operation known as Operac