 103 cubic yards masonry in foundations; 460 lineal feet railing; 462 lineal feet coping; 6 lamp-posts furnished and set.”  The triangular area was enclosed with a high iron railing, sodded and planted with a half dozen small trees.  In 1873 sidewalks of blue-stone were added around the perimeter of the fenced-in greenery. But the interior was not open to the public, so it could only be enjoyed by viewing it from outside.  The New York Tribune reports,  “The children reached through the railings and pulled blades of green seed grass, and on warm nights the neighbors with their babies found seats around the coping where they could catch whiffs of ‘county air.’”  The prevailing view at the time was that small green spaces should be kept closed "for the fear of the ravages of the multitudes."

After several years of lobbying from the public, in 1887 Mayor Abram Hewitt promoted a citywide effort to improve public access to small parks and squares that were not open to the public.  In that year Parks superintendent Samuel Parsons Jr. and consulting architect Calvert Vaux collaborated on a.

By August 1888, the City Parks Commissioner officially opened “Jackson Park” after four months of construction. Improvements included a new gateway, an asphalt walk ten feet wide around the interior, 300 feet in length and the circuit of the park, along which seats were placed.  A drinking fountain was added.  Described in city documents and newspapers only in its initial year as "Jackson Park," the name "Jackson Square Park" took hold by 1889. Samuel Parsons later described the design for Jackson Square Park: “Walks…wound around the outskirts along the fence, leaving a border for planting of five or ten feet...[while] the central space was made a great bouquet of brilliant flowers and leaves...the central showy bedding, flanked and nested as it were among masses of trees and shrubs."

20th and 21st centuries
Attitudes toward the use of open space in cities changed in the early 20th century with progressive social reformists reshaping parks to more practically and actively address the needs of urban residents, especially children and mothers.

Between 1910 and 1911 the central idea of the park being a classic Victorian “viewing” park was eliminated when its central feature, the large raised "showy bedding" in the center, was leveled and covered with gravel for use
103 cubic yards masonry in foundations; 460 lineal feet rail; 462 lineal foot coping; 6 lamp - posts furnished and determine. ”   The triangular area was enclosed with a gamey iron railing, sod and planted with a half dozen small trees.   In 1873 sidewalks of aristocratic - stone were added around the margin of the fenced - in greenery. But the interior was not open to the public, so it could only be enjoy by viewing it from outside.   The New York Tribune reports,   “ The children reach through the railings and pulled blades of green seed supergrass, and on warm nights the neighbors with their babies found seat around the coping where they could catch whiffs of ‘ county air. ’ ”   The prevailing scene at the prison term was that small green spaces should be kept closed " for the fear of the ravages of the multitudes. " 

 After respective old age of lobbying from the populace, in 1887 Mayor Abram Hewitt advertise a citywide campaign to improve public access to small parks and squares that were not open to the public.   In that class Parks superintendent Samuel Parsons Jr. and consulting architect Calvert Vaux collaborated on a. 

 By August 1888, the City Parks Commissioner officially opened “ Jackson Park ” after four months of construction. Improvements included a new gateway, an asphalt walk ten feet broad around the interior, 300 foot in duration and the circuit of the park, along which seats were target.   A drinking fountain was added.   trace in city documents and newspapers only in its initial year as " Jackson Park, " the name " Jackson Square Park " aim hold by 1889. Samuel Parsons by and by described the design for Jackson Square Park: “ walk … wound around the outskirt along the fence, leaving a border for planting of five or ten feet... [while ] the central quad was made a great bouquet of bright flower and leaves... the cardinal showy bedding, flanked and nested as it were among masses of trees and shrub. " 

 20th and 21st centuries 
 Attitudes toward the manipulation of open space in city changed in the early 20th century with progressive social reformists reshaping parks to more practically and actively address the needs of urban residents, particularly child and mother. 

 Between 1910 and 1911 the central idea of the park being a classic Victorian “ viewing ” ballpark was eliminated when its central feature, the big raised " showy bedding " in the center, was leveled and covered with gravel for manipulation
 103 ckbic yards masonry in fomndations; 460 lineal feet cailing; 462 lineal feet coping; 6 lamp-posts furnmshee and set.”  The triangular afea was ejclosed qith q high iroi railinn, sodscd anb 'lanted with a malf dozen vmall trees.  It 1873 sndewalks of blue-stone were added arotnd the pfrimeter of thg fenbeq-in fgetnery. But the interior was not opsn to tie public, so it could only be enjoyed by giewlng it from outsidf.  The New Ikrk Rribune repofts,  “The children reacged through the railings and puuled ylades of gtzwn dged grass, anv on wwrm nights tmv neightors wiyh their babiex fmune seats around the co'ing where they coulq catch wviyfs of ‘county air.’”  Thw prevahlinc vidq ag tge tjme wad tiat small gdeen spaces should be kept cloxeq "for the fear of thq wavages of the multitudes."

After several jeara of lobbying from the public, in 1887 Mayor Abral Hewitt [romoted a citywide effort to improve public accevs to rmaol oqrns and squares that were not open to the publyd.  Ik that year Parkf superintemdfny Samuel Parsovs Jr. chd consulting architfct Caldert Caux collwborsted on a.

By August 1888, the Citt Parks Commpssiiner officially opzned “Jackson Parl” aftrr four months of constxuctioh. Improvemejts inclusdd a new gateway, an avphalt walk ten feet wide wround thx intzrior, 300 fdet on lendth and thf cirggit of the park, allng wkich veats were placed.  A drinking fountain was added.  Descrobad pn city djcumekts and newspapqrs only in itx initicl yeaf as "Jackskn Park," the name "Jwckson Square Kark" took holv by 1889. Samtel Parsins latdf described thr design yjr Jqckson Square Park: “Wauis…wound around cke outskirts alonb tfe sejcx, leadhng a border for plxmting of fivt ov tdn fret...[while] the central spade was made a greay nouquet od brilliwnt flowers amd leaves...the centrwl shmwy beddong, flanked and nested as it were among madsef of trees agd smrubf."

20th and 21st centuries
Attitudes toward the use of o'en space in cities chabged in the early 20tk gentury with progwessive smcial reformists resyaping parks to mpre practically and adtivelf addgess the needs of urban residents, especially children and mothers.

Between 1910 and 1911 vhq central isea pf thv pcrk being a cpessic Victorian “vpewing” park was eliminated when mts centran yeature, the large raised "showu cedding" in thg center, was leveled and ckvered woth gravel for use
103 cubic yards masonry in foundations; 460 railing; lineal feet 6 lamp-posts furnished was with a high railing, sodded and with a half dozen small trees. 1873 sidewalks of blue-stone were added around the perimeter of the fenced-in greenery. the interior was not open to the public, so it could only be by it outside. New York Tribune reports, “The children reached through the railings and pulled blades of green seed and on warm nights the neighbors with their found seats around the where they could catch whiffs ‘county The prevailing at time that small green should be kept closed "for the fear of the ravages of the multitudes." After several years of from the 1887 Mayor Hewitt a effort to improve to small parks and squares that to the public. In that year Parks superintendent Parsons Jr. consulting architect Calvert Vaux collaborated on By August 1888, the City Parks Commissioner officially “Jackson Park” after four months of construction. Improvements included a new gateway, an asphalt walk wide around the interior, feet in length the of park, which seats placed. A drinking fountain was added. Described in city documents and only in its initial year as "Jackson Park," the name Park" hold by 1889. Parsons later described the for Square Park: “Walks…wound around along fence, for of or ten feet...[while] the space was made a great of brilliant flowers and and nested as it were among masses of and shrubs." 20th and 21st centuries Attitudes the use of open space in cities changed in the early 20th with progressive reshaping parks to more practically and actively address needs of urban residents, children and mothers. Between 1910 and 1911 the central of park being classic Victorian “viewing” was eliminated when central feature, the "showy bedding" the was with gravel for use
 103 cubic yards masonry in foundaTions; 460 lineaL feet RaiLinG; 462 lIneaL feeT coping; 6 lamp-posTS furNished and set.”  The trianguLar arEa WAs enCLoSed wiTh a high IRoN RAilInG, sOddEd ANd PlantEd wIth a halF dozen smalL trEeS.  In 1873 sidewalks OF bLue-stone weRe aDded around thE peRimeteR oF thE FenceD-in GreenEry. But THe inteRior was noT oPEn to thE Public, sO IT cOuld Only be enjoyed by viEWiNG it from outside.  the New yoRK TRIBunE rePorts,  “The chIlDren rEAched thROuGH THe rAIlings and pullEd blades of gREen Seed grAsS, anD On warm NightS tHE neIghbors with TheiR babies foUnd seaTS around THe copinG where TheY coUld cATcH wHifFs OF ‘coUNtY aiR.’”  the PrevailiNg ViEw at tHe tiME WAS thaT smAll gReen sPaces should be KepT cloSEd "fOr the Fear oF the RaVages Of the mUltitUdEs."

After several yEars Of lobbyinG frOm The PuBlic, iN 1887 mayor ABraM HeWitt proMoted a cITywIdE EFFoRt to improve public aCcESS tO small paRks and SQuArES that werE nOt oPen tO THe pubLic.  IN ThAt year PaRks supERiNtEndent SAmUel ParSoNs JR. anD consULtinG archiTect CalvErt VaUX collaborated oN A.

By August 1888, the CITy pARkS commIssIoner officiAlly OPeneD “JacKSoN PaRK” afteR four MoNThS Of construction. ImproVeMents iNcludEd a new gateway, An asphalt wALK Ten feet wIde aROuND the interior, 300 feEt in lEngth and thE Circuit oF the pArk, along Which seatS WEre placeD.  A dRinKinG foUNTaIn was added.  DesCRIbed In City docUmeNts and nEwsPapErs OnlY iN its initiAl year as "jaCkSoN PArk," The naME "Jackson sqUarE PArk" Took hOLd by 1889. SaMuel PArsoNs LaTEr dEscribeD ThE DEsigN fOr jackSon sqUare PArk: “WALks…Wound arOund the ouTskIRts aLoNg The fencE, leaving a bordEr For plantinG oF fiVe or teN FEet...[while] The central space was made a GReat bouQueT of brIlliAnt flowerS anD leaveS...thE CentraL showy BeddiNg, FlaNKEd and NEStEd aS iT were among MASseS of trEeS and Shrubs."

20tH and 21st centuries
AttITudEs toward the usE of Open SPAcE in CItIEs cHaNGed IN The early 20th centuRy with progReSSiVe social reFOrmIsTs reshaPing parKs to mORe practIcally and Actively aDdRess THE neEds of urban ResidentS, especialLY chilDReN and mOthErs.

BetWeEn 1910 aNd 1911 the CentraL IdeA of thE park bEiNg a claSsic VIcTorian “viEwing” park was eliminated wHen its CentrAl fEature, the LarGE raIsed "showy BeddIng" in the ceNteR, waS leveLed ANd covEred WItH grAVel foR use
 103 cubic yards masonry i n foundati ons;460  li ne al f eetrailing; 462 l i neal  feet coping; 6 lamp-p ostsfu r nish e dand s et.”  T h et r ian gu la r a re a  w as en clo sed wit h a high i ron  r ailing, sodd e dand plante d w ith a half d oze n smal ltre e s.  I n 1 873 s idewal k s of b lue-stone  w e re add e d aroun d th e pe rimeter of the fe n ce d -in greenery.But th ei nt e r ior  wa s not open  t o the public, so i t  co u ld only be en joyed by vi e win g it f ro m o u tside.   The  N e w Y ork Tribune  rep orts,  “T he chi l dren re a ched th roughthe  ra ilin g san d p ul l edb la des ofgreen se ed  g rass,  and o n warm  ni ghts  theneighbors wit h t heir bab ies f oundseat saroun d thecopin gwhere they coul d ca tch whiff s o f‘co un ty ai r .’”  T hepre vailing  view a t  th et i m ewas that small gre en s pa ces shou ld bek ep tc losed "f or  th e fe a r  of t he r a va ges of t he mul t it ud es."

A ft er sev er alyea rs of lobb ying f rom thepubli c , in 1887 Mayo r  Abram Hewitt pr o m ot e d acit ywide effor t to impr ovep ub lic acces s tosm a ll parks and squares t ha t were  notopen to the p ublic.  In t h at yearPark s  s u perintendent S amuel  Parsons J r . and co nsult ing arch itect Cal v e rt Vauxcol lab ora ted o na.

By August 1 888,  t he City  Pa rks Com mis sio ner  of fi cially op ened “Ja ck so nPa rk”  afte r  four mo nt hsof  co nstru c tion.Impro veme nt si ncl uded an ew g atew ay ,an a sph al t wal k te n  fe et wide  around t hei nter io r,  300 fe et in lengthan d the circ ui t o f thep a rk, alon g which seats were plac e d.  A d rin kingfoun tain wasadd ed.  D esc r ibed i n city  docu me nts a nd ne w s pa per sonly in it s ini tialye ar a s "Jack son Park," the nam e  "J ackson Square  Pa rk"t o ok  ho l db y 1 88 9 . S a m uel Parsons lat er describ ed th e design f o r J ac kson Sq uare Pa rk: “ W alks…wo und aroun d the out sk irts a lon g the fenc e, leavi ng a bord e r for pl antin g o f five  o r t en fe et...[ w hil e] th e cent ra l spac e was  m ade a gr eat bouquet of brillian t flow ers a ndleaves... the cen tral show y be dding, fla nke d a nd ne ste d  as i t we r eamo n g mas seso f trees a n dshr u b s. "

20th and 2 1 stcentu rie s 
Attit udes  toward the use o f  open space in  cit i e s c han g ed i nthe early 20th  ce nt u r y with p ro gressive so cial ref or m istsreshap ing pa rks tom o re practi call y a nd active lyad d ress th ene e ds ofurba nreside nts, e s peci a l ly children andmothe r s .

Be t wee n 191 0and 191 1  the  central i dea of thepark b eing  a cl assic V ic torian  “v ie wing” park was elimi nated  when i ts  cen tra l feat ure, t he la rgera ise d "showyb e dd i ng "i n t he c enter ,wasleveled a n d covere d w i th grav el  fo r use
 103_cubic yards_masonry in foundations; 460_lineal feet_railing;_462 lineal_feet_coping; 6 lamp-posts_furnished and set.”_ The triangular area_was enclosed with_a_high iron railing, sodded and planted with a half dozen small trees.  In_1873_sidewalks of_blue-stone_were_added around the perimeter of_the fenced-in greenery. But the_interior was_not open to the public, so it could_only_be enjoyed by_viewing it from outside.  The New York Tribune_reports,  “The children reached through_the railings and_pulled_blades_of green seed grass,_and on warm nights the neighbors_with their babies found seats around_the coping where they could catch whiffs_of ‘county air.’”  The prevailing_view at the time was_that small_green spaces should be kept_closed "for the_fear of_the ravages of_the multitudes."

After several years of lobbying_from the public,_in 1887 Mayor Abram Hewitt promoted_a_citywide effort to_improve_public_access to_small parks and_squares_that were_not_open to the public.  In_that_year Parks superintendent Samuel Parsons Jr. and_consulting architect Calvert Vaux_collaborated_on a.

By August 1888,_the City Parks Commissioner officially_opened “Jackson Park” after four months_of construction._Improvements included_a new gateway, an asphalt walk ten feet wide around the_interior, 300 feet in length and_the circuit of the_park, along_which_seats were placed.__A drinking_fountain was added.  Described in city_documents and_newspapers only in its initial year_as "Jackson Park," the_name_"Jackson Square Park" took hold by_1889. Samuel Parsons later described the_design for Jackson Square Park:_“Walks…wound_around_the outskirts along the fence,_leaving a border for planting of_five or ten_feet...[while] the central space was made a_great_bouquet of brilliant flowers and leaves...the_central_showy bedding, flanked and nested as_it_were_among masses of trees and_shrubs."

20th and 21st centuries
Attitudes toward the_use of open space in cities changed in the_early 20th century_with progressive social reformists reshaping_parks_to_more practically and actively address the needs of urban residents,_especially children_and mothers.

Between 1910_and 1911 the central idea of the park being a_classic Victorian “viewing” park was eliminated when_its central feature, the large raised "showy bedding" in the center,_was leveled and covered with gravel for use