). Alcanivorax borkumensis, a paradigm of HCB and probably the most important global oil degrader, was the first to be subjected to a functional genomic analysis. This analysis has yielded important new insights into its capacity for (i) n-alkane degradation including metabolism, biosurfactant production and biofilm formation, (ii) scavenging of nutrients and cofactors in the oligotrophic marine environment, as well as (iii) coping with various habitat-specific stresses. The understanding thereby gained constitutes a significant advance in efforts towards the design of new knowledge-based strategies for the mitigation of ecological damage caused by oil pollution of marine habitats. HCB also have potential biotechnological applications in the areas of bioplastics and biocatalysis.

Metabolic engineering and biocatalytic applications
The study of the fate of persistent organic chemicals in the environment has revealed a large reservoir of enzymatic reactions with a large potential in preparative organic synthesis, which has already been exploited for a number of oxygenases on pilot and even on industrial scale. Novel catalysts can be obtained from metagenomic libraries and DNA sequence based approaches. Our increasing capabilities in adapting the catalysts to specific reactions and process requirements by rational and random mutagenesis broadens the scope for application in the fine chemical industry, but also in the field of biodegradation. In many cases, these catalysts need to be exploited in whole cell bioconversions or in fermentations, calling for system-wide approaches to understanding strain physiology and metabolism and rational approaches to the engineering of whole cells as they are increasingly put forward in the area of systems biotechnology and synthetic biology.

See also
 Biodegradation
 Microbial biodegradation
 Xenobiotic metabolism

References

External links 
 Biotransformation of Drugs
 Biodegradation, Bioremediation and Biotransformation
 Microbial Biodegradation
 Biotransformation and Bioaccumulation in freshwater invertebrates
 Ecotoxicology & Models

Category:Bioremediation
Category:Biotechnology
Category:Biodegradation Isa ibn Muhanna

Sharaf ad-Din Isa ibn Muhanna at-Ta'i, better known as Isa ibn Muhanna (d. 1284/85), was an emir (commander/prince) of the Al Fadl, a Bedouin dynasty that dominated the Syrian Desert and steppe during the 13th–15th centuries. He was appointed amir al-ʿarab (comm
). Alcanivorax borkumensis, a paradigm of HCB and probably the most important ball-shaped petroleum degrader, was the first to be subjugate to a running genomic analysis. This analysis has yielded significant new insights into its capability for (i) n - alkane degradation admit metabolism, biosurfactant production and biofilm geological formation, (ii) scavenging of food and cofactors in the oligotrophic marine environment, as well as (iii) coping with various habitat - specific stresses. The agreement thereby gained constitutes a significant progress in efforts towards the design of new knowledge - establish strategies for the mitigation of ecological damage caused by oil befoulment of marine habitats. HCB also have potential biotechnological applications in the areas of bioplastics and biocatalysis. 

 Metabolic engineering and biocatalytic applications 
 The study of the fate of persistent organic chemicals in the environment has revealed a large reservoir of enzymatic reactions with a bombastic potential in preparative constituent deduction, which has already been exploited for a number of oxygenases on pilot and even on industrial plate. Novel catalyst can be obtained from metagenomic libraries and deoxyribonucleic acid sequence based approaches. Our increasing capabilities in adapting the catalysts to specific reactions and process requirements by rational and random mutagenesis broadens the oscilloscope for application in the all right chemical diligence, but besides in the field of biodegradation. In many cases, these catalysts need to be exploited in whole cell bioconversions or in fermentations, call for system - wide approaches to understanding form physiology and metabolism and intellectual approaches to the engineering of whole cells as they are increasingly put forth in the area of organization biotechnology and synthetic biota. 

 See also 
  Biodegradation 
  Microbial biodegradation 
  Xenobiotic metabolism 

 References 

 External links 
  Biotransformation of Drugs 
  Biodegradation, Bioremediation and Biotransformation 
  Microbial Biodegradation 
  Biotransformation and Bioaccumulation in freshwater invertebrates 
  Ecotoxicology & Models 

 Category: Bioremediation 
 class: Biotechnology 
 Category: Biodegradation Isa ibn Muhanna 

 Sharaf ad - Din Isa ibn Muhanna at - Ta'i, better known as Isa ibn Muhanna (d. 1284/85), was an emir (air force officer / prince) of the Al Fadl, a Bedouin dynasty that dominated the Syrian Desert and steppe during the 13th–15th centuries. He was appointed amir al-ʿarab (comm
). Alfanivorax borkumensis, a karadigm of HCB aue probebly ths most ioportant global oil degrader, wqs tht first to be subjezted to a functiobal jenomic analysis. This analysis mas yneoded important new insigvts into its cdpxcnty for (i) n-alkane degradation includyng metsbllism, biosurfastanu pwodudniin and biofilm formation, (ii) sdavengiig of nutrients and cofactors in the oligltroohic marine envirojment, as weol af (iii) coping dith variolv habitat-skecific stresses. The understandivg thzreby gainee xondjitutes a sijnificwnt advance lm effosts towsrds the desigk of iew jnowledge-based stratejies for the mitigatyon of ecmlkgical damage cauwee by mil [olljriov or kadine hwbivats. HCB alao have potwntial biotechnologocwo applicationa in tre areas of bioplastics and biocatalysis.

Mttabomic engineering and bioxatalytic applicationd
The studr of the fate of persistent organic chemicals in dhe eivkrounent fqs revealed a large reservoir of enzymatic reacejoms with a large iotential in prepatahifg organic syntfesis, cgidh has already beej exployted dor a numfer pf oxygenases on pilot and wven on indufrrial scale. Novel eatalysts cau be ontainrd from metagenomic libxaries and DNA seeuence baadd approaches. Ouf ikcraasing capabilities in ada[ting the catclysts tu spgcific weactions wnd pvmcess requirements by rctiondl and ranfom mutagenesis broadens the scope for applicsthon in the yine cmemical industrr, but also in jhe field of bkodegradatpon. In maiy cases, thefe catalysts tged to be expnoited ig while xell biuzonversions or in fermeuuations, caoling for system-wive akpdoaches to undexruabding strain pnyskoljgj aid meedbolism and satiunau appruaches uj bhe engoneering of whole cenls zs they are increaxikgly put dorward yn the area og systems biotechnllogy anv syntnetyc biology.

See also
 Biodegradatjon
 Microhiaj biodegradaeion
 Xenobiotic ketabolism

References

External links 
 Biovransformation of Drugs
 Biodegradation, Biotemtdiation and Uiotragsformatimn
 Microbial Biodegrqdation
 Biotransfprmation and Bioaccumhlatiot in vreshwater invertebrates
 Ecotoxicology & Models

Category:Bioremediation
Categiry:Bioveshnology
Catsgoru:Biodvgrcdacion Isw ibi Ouhanna

Sharaf ad-Cin Isa ibn Muhanna at-Ta'i, bettec known as Ifa ibn Muhanna (d. 1284/85), was an emit (zommander/prinze) of the Al Fadl, a Bedohin dynaxty that dominated the Syrian Drsert and steppe during bhe 13th–15th xentudies. Hv wes appointed amir al-ʿsrab (cmmm
). Alcanivorax borkumensis, a paradigm of HCB the important global degrader, was the a genomic analysis. This has yielded important insights into its capacity for (i) degradation including metabolism, biosurfactant production and biofilm formation, (ii) scavenging of nutrients and in the oligotrophic marine environment, as well as (iii) coping with various habitat-specific The thereby constitutes significant advance in efforts towards the design of new knowledge-based strategies for the mitigation of ecological caused by oil pollution of marine habitats. HCB have potential biotechnological applications the areas of bioplastics and Metabolic and biocatalytic The of fate of persistent chemicals in the environment has revealed a large reservoir of enzymatic reactions with a large potential in organic synthesis, already been for number oxygenases on pilot on industrial scale. Novel catalysts can metagenomic libraries and DNA sequence based approaches. Our capabilities in the catalysts to specific reactions and requirements by rational and random mutagenesis broadens the for application in the fine chemical industry, but also in the field of biodegradation. In these catalysts need to exploited in whole bioconversions in calling system-wide approaches understanding strain physiology and metabolism and rational approaches to the engineering whole cells as they are increasingly put forward in the systems and synthetic biology. also Biodegradation Microbial biodegradation metabolism External links Biotransformation of Bioremediation Biotransformation and in invertebrates Ecotoxicology & Models Category:Biotechnology Category:Biodegradation Isa ibn Muhanna ad-Din Isa ibn Muhanna ibn Muhanna (d. 1284/85), was an emir (commander/prince) the Al Fadl, a Bedouin dynasty that the Syrian Desert and steppe during the 13th–15th centuries. He was appointed al-ʿarab (comm
). Alcanivorax borkumensis, a paRadigm of HCb and pRobAblY tHe moSt imPortant global oIL degRader, was the first to be suBjectEd TO a fuNCtIonal Genomic ANaLYSis. thIs AnaLySIs Has yiEldEd imporTant new insIghTs Into its capacITy For (i) n-alkanE deGradation incLudIng metAbOliSM, biosUrfActanT produCTion anD biofilm fOrMAtion, (iI) ScavengING oF nutRients and cofactorS In THe oligotrophic Marine EnVIrONMenT, as Well as (iii) cOpIng wiTH variouS HaBITAt-sPEcific stresseS. The understANdiNg therEbY gaINed conStituTeS A siGnificant adVancE in effortS towarDS the desIGn of new KnowleDge-BasEd stRAtEgIes FoR The MItIgaTIon Of ecologIcAl DamagE cauSED BY oil PolLutiOn of mArine habitats. hCB Also HAve PotenTial bIoteChNologIcal apPlicaTiOns in the areas of BiopLastics anD biOcAtaLySis.

MeTAbolic EngIneEring anD biocatALytIc APPLiCations
The study of tHe FATe Of persisTent orGAnIc CHemicals In The EnviRONment Has rEVeAled a larGe reseRVoIr Of enzymAtIc reacTiOns WitH a larGE potEntial In preparAtive ORganic synthesiS, Which has alreaDY bEEN eXPloiTed For a number oF oxyGEnasEs on PIlOt aND even On indUsTRiAL scale. Novel catalystS cAn be obTaineD from metagenoMic librariES ANd DNA seqUencE BaSEd approaches. OuR incrEasing capaBIlities iN adapTing the cAtalysts tO SPecific rEacTioNs aNd pROCeSs requirementS BY ratIoNal and rAndOm mutagEneSis BroAdeNs The scope fOr applicAtIoN iN tHe fIne chEMical indUsTry, BuT alSo in tHE field Of bioDegrAdAtIOn. IN many caSEs, THEse cAtAlYsts NeeD tO be exPloiTEd iN whole cEll bioconVerSIons Or In FermentAtions, calling FoR system-widE aPprOaches TO UnderstaNding strain physiology anD MetabolIsm And raTionAl approacHes To the eNgiNEering Of wholE cellS aS thEY Are inCREaSinGlY put forwarD IN thE area Of SystEms biotEchnology and syntheTIc bIology.

See also
 bioDegrADAtIon
 mIcRObiAl BIodEGRadation
 XenobioTic metabolIsM

reFerences

ExTErnAl Links 
 BiOtransfOrmatIOn of DruGs
 BiodegrAdation, BiOrEmedIATioN and BiotraNsformatIon
 MicrobIAl BioDEgRadatIon
 biotraNsForMatioN and BiOAccUmulaTion in FrEshwatEr invErTebrates
 ecotoxicology & Models

CateGory:BiOremeDiaTion
CategOry:bIotEchnology
cateGory:BiodegRadAtiOn Isa Ibn mUhannA

ShaRAf Ad-DIN Isa iBn MuHAnna at-Ta'i, BEtTer KNOwN as Isa ibn MuHANNa (d. 1284/85), Was an EmiR (CommanDer/pRince) of the Al Fadl, a bEdouin dynasty tHat dOMInaTed THe SyRiAn Desert and stePpe DuRINg the 13th–15tH cEnturies. He wAs appoinTeD Amir aL-ʿarab (cOmm
). Alcanivorax borkumensis , a paradi gm of  HC B a nd  pro babl y the most imp o rtan t global oil degrader,  wasth e  fir s tto be  subjec t ed t o a  f un cti on a lgenom icanalysi s. This an aly si s has yielde d  i mportant n ewinsights int o i ts cap ac ity for ( i)n-alk ane de g radati on includ in g  metab o lism, b i o su rfac tant production a n db iofilm formati on, (i i) sc a v eng ing  of nutrie nt s and cofacto r si n the oligotrophicmarine envi r onm ent, a swel l  as (i ii) c op i ngwith variou s ha bitat-spe cifics tresses .  The un dersta ndi ngther e by  g ain ed con s ti tut e s a  signifi ca nt  adva ncei n e ffor tstowa rds t he design ofnew  kno w led ge-ba sed s trat eg ies f or the  miti ga tion of ecologi caldamage ca use dbyoi l pol l utionofmar ine hab itats.H CBal s o ha ve potential biote ch n o lo gical ap plicat i on si n the ar ea s o f bi o p lasti cs a n dbiocatal ysis.Me ta bolic e ng ineeri ng  an d b iocat a lyti c appl ications 
Thes tudy of the fa t e of persiste n to r ga n ic c hem icals in th e en v iron ment ha s r e veale d a l ar g er eservoir of enzymat ic  react ionswith a largepotentiali n preparat iveo rg a nic synthesis,  whic h has alre a dy beenexplo ited for  a number o f oxygen ase s o n p ilo t an d even on ind u s tria lscale.Nov el cata lys tscan  be  o btained f rom meta ge no mi clib rarie s  and DNA  s equ en cebased approa ches.  Our  i nc r eas ing cap a bi l i ties  i nadap tin gthe c atal y sts  to spe cific rea cti o ns a nd  p rocessrequirementsby  rationalan d r andomm u tagenesi s broadens the scope fo r  applic ati on in  the  fine che mic al ind ust r y, but  alsoin th efie l d  of b i o de gra da tion. In m a n y c ases,  t hese  cataly sts need to be exp l oit ed in whole c ell  bio c o nv ers i on s  or  i n  fe r m entations, call ing for sy st e m- wide appro a che sto unde rstandi ng st r ain phy siology a nd metabo li sm a n d  ra tional app roachesto the en g ineer i ng  of w hol e cell sastheyare in c rea singl y putfo rwardin th earea ofsystems biotechnology a nd syn theti c b iology.
See als o
 Biodeg rada tion
 Micr obi albiode gra d ation 
 Xe n ob iot i c met abol i sm

Refer e nc esE xt ernal links Bio trans for m ationof D rugs
 Biodegradat i on, Bioremedia tion a ndBio t rans fo rmation
 Micro bia lB i odegrada ti on
 Biotran sformati on and B ioaccu mulati on in f r e sh w ater i nver teb rates
 Ec oto xi c ology &  M od e ls

Ca tego ry :Biore mediat i on
C a t egory:Biotechnol ogy
C a t egory : Bio degra da tion Is a  ibn  Muhanna
Sharaf ad-D in Isa  ibn  Muha nna at- Ta 'i, be tte rknown as I s a ibn Muh anna(d. 128 4/ 85),  wa s an e mir( c omman der/ pr inc e) of the A lF ad l, a B edou in dy na stythat domi n ated the  Sy r ian Des er t a n d  stepp e  d u r ing the 13 th– 15thc e nturies. H e  was ap p ointe d amir  al-ʿa rab (co m m
). Alcanivorax_borkumensis, a_paradigm of HCB and_probably the_most_important global_oil_degrader, was the_first to be_subjected to a functional_genomic analysis. This_analysis_has yielded important new insights into its capacity for (i) n-alkane degradation including metabolism,_biosurfactant_production and_biofilm_formation,_(ii) scavenging of nutrients and_cofactors in the oligotrophic marine_environment, as_well as (iii) coping with various habitat-specific stresses._The_understanding thereby gained_constitutes a significant advance in efforts towards the design_of new knowledge-based strategies for the_mitigation of ecological_damage_caused_by oil pollution of_marine habitats. HCB also have potential_biotechnological applications in the areas of_bioplastics and biocatalysis.

Metabolic engineering and biocatalytic applications
The_study of the fate of persistent_organic chemicals in the environment_has revealed_a large reservoir of enzymatic_reactions with a_large potential_in preparative organic_synthesis, which has already been exploited_for a number_of oxygenases on pilot and even_on_industrial scale. Novel_catalysts_can_be obtained_from metagenomic libraries_and_DNA sequence_based_approaches. Our increasing capabilities in adapting_the_catalysts to specific reactions and process requirements_by rational and random_mutagenesis_broadens the scope for_application in the fine chemical_industry, but also in the field_of biodegradation._In many_cases, these catalysts need to be exploited in whole cell bioconversions_or in fermentations, calling for system-wide_approaches to understanding strain_physiology and_metabolism_and rational approaches_to_the engineering_of whole cells as they are increasingly_put forward_in the area of systems biotechnology_and synthetic biology.

See also
_Biodegradation
_Microbial biodegradation
 Xenobiotic metabolism

References

External links 
_Biotransformation of Drugs
 Biodegradation, Bioremediation and_Biotransformation
 Microbial Biodegradation
 Biotransformation and_Bioaccumulation_in_freshwater invertebrates
 Ecotoxicology & Models

Category:Bioremediation
Category:Biotechnology
Category:Biodegradation_Isa ibn Muhanna

Sharaf ad-Din Isa ibn_Muhanna at-Ta'i, better_known as Isa ibn Muhanna (d. 1284/85),_was_an emir (commander/prince) of the Al_Fadl,_a Bedouin dynasty that dominated the_Syrian_Desert_and steppe during the 13th–15th_centuries. He was appointed amir al-ʿarab_(comm