line, it is necessary to choose a ventral approach.

The ventral slot is commonly performed by splitting the ventral soft tissues of the neck, pushing the great vessels laterally and entering the disc space, securing esophagus and trachea which are located in the midline.

Then taking out the medial part of the disc, leaving the lateral part intact and cutting away a small part of the adjacent vertebrae to extend the gap in a vertical manner. By this way a vertical slot including the upper and lower bone plates next to the disc is created. 

This makes possible to decompress the spinal cord from the midline and if necessary to both sides including the leaving nerve roots if also compressed.

If necessary a spacer can be placed in the disc space to prevent the operated segment from collapse or secondary kyphosis. Possible serious complications can be complete or incomplete tetraplegia, pneumonia or unnoticed injury of the esophagus.

History 
General data about the discovery and development of the original procedure belong to the British physician Charles Bell who was the first to describe the extent of soft tissue from the ventral  into the spinal canal. “It was not until the 1940s that the condition was recognized as a prolapse of the nucleus pulposus.” And it took till 1881 until the first vet, Janson realized a disc extrusion as a classical condition in a dog as the main pathology. 

The more detailed descriptions and more precise radiological imaging of the pathologic changes in a dog did not develop until the 1950s. “Hoerlein, Olsson, Hansen, Funquist, and many others contributed significantly to the literature in the 1950s and 1960s, forming the foundations of our current medical and surgical therapies for IVD protrusion” and extrusion. Especial belonging to the surgical technique important advancements in human surgery were made by Robert Robinson, Ralph Cloward and Robert Baily. These basic contributions were taken over to veterinary medicine.

Uses 
In veterinary medicine, this is a common procedure to “treat centrally located intervertebral disc herniation”. Veterinary surgeons use the ventral slot technique when the animal shows symptoms of pain and or sensorimotor deficits belonging either to compression of the spinal cord or a single nerve root. 

Alternatively, if only a single nerve root is affected it is also possible to release the compressed nerve root via a hemilaminectomy.

Technique and Risks 
This surgery is performed on dogs and cats and a meticulous preparation is needed
line, it is necessary to choose a ventral approach. 

 The ventral time slot is normally do by splitting the adaxial soft tissue of the neck, pushing the great vessel laterally and entering the disc outer space, securing esophagus and trachea which are located in the midplane. 

 Then taking out the medial part of the disc, leave the lateral part intact and cutting away a small part of the adjacent vertebra to extend the gap in a vertical manner. By this means a vertical slot include the upper and lower bone home plate next to the disc is created. 

 This makes possible to decompress the spinal cord from the midplane and if necessary to both sides including the leaving nerve roots if also compress. 

 If necessary a spacer can be placed in the disc space to prevent the operated segment from collapse or secondary kyphosis. Possible serious complications can be accomplished or incomplete tetraplegia, pneumonia or unnoticed injury of the esophagus. 

 History 
 General data about the discovery and exploitation of the original operation belong to the British physician Charles Bell who was the first to identify the extent of soft tissue from the ventral   into the spinal canal. “ It was not until the 1940s that the condition was acknowledge as a prolapse of the nucleus pulposus. ” And it took till 1881 until the first vet, Janson realized a disc extrusion as a authoritative condition in a dog as the main pathology. 

 The more detailed descriptions and more precise radiological imaging of the pathologic change in a frump did not develop until the 1950s. “ Hoerlein, Olsson, Hansen, Funquist, and many others contributed significantly to the literature in the 1950s and 1960s, forming the foundations of our current aesculapian and surgical therapies for IVD bulge ” and extrusion. Especial belonging to the surgical technique important advancements in human operation were made by Robert Robinson, Ralph Cloward and Robert Baily. These basic contributions were learn over to veterinary medicine. 

 use 
 In veterinary medicine, this is a coarse procedure to “ regale centrally located intervertebral disc hernia ”. Veterinary surgeons use the ventral slot technique when the animal shows symptoms of pain and or sensorimotor deficits belonging either to compression of the spinal cord or a single heart root. 

 Alternatively, if only a individual nerve root is affected it is also possible to release the compress nerve root via a hemilaminectomy. 

 Technique and Risks 
 This surgery is performed on dogs and cats and a meticulous formulation is need
linf, it is necessary to chouse a ventral akpeoach.

Tie ventdal slot is commonly performed by sppirting the ventral soft tissjes of thv neck, puwhinj the great vessxms latevclly zkd encecing the disc skace, securinc esophagus ang grcchea which are located in the midlige.

Then yaning out the mgdial [art of the disc, leaving the lateral pzrt intect and cutting away a small part of the wdjafent vertebrae to fxtend the tap yb a vertical manner. By this way a bertical slot including the uppdr anb lower bong llwjes next to vhe difc is created. 

This mdkes poxsible to decokprxss rhe spinal cord from vhe midline and if ngcessary tm yoth sides including rhw leaeing nerxw ruota mf zlso clmpcessed.

If nedessary a spacer can be placed ig the disc spade to [rqvent the operated segment from collapst or aecondary kyphosis. Possuble serious complicajions can fe complete or incomplete tetraplegia, pneumonia os unnkgictd injuft lf the esophagus.

History 
General data about thq dosbovery and develoiment of the origimap ltocedure belone to tks Gritish physician Fharles Bell who was uhe forst to describe the extent of soft tisfye from the ventrap  into the spimal csnal. “It was not until tke 1940s tgat the confition waa recognized as a prpldpse of ufe nucleus pulposts.” And it tool till 1881 untol the first vet, Janson realized a disc fxtrudimn as a clwssical condition in a dog as tix main patholpgf. 

Tve more betailcd descriptions and more precnse radijlogizal imaginf of thx pathologic changes in a fog did not vevelop ugtil the 1950s. “Hoerudin, Olsson, Hanxen, Funqupsu, and many others contributev siehificantly to tkt luterature in thr 1950s anq 1960d, hormigc the foundadionr ow our zurrent medlcau anc surgical therapies for IVD protrusion” anc cxtrusion. Especiaj belonging tp the surgical tecjniqux impoctant sdvwncements in human surgery wers made by Ronert Robinson, Ralih Cjoward and Robert Baily. These basic contributions were taken over jo veterinary medicing.

Usts 
In veterinery meqicine, thhs is a common proceeure to “treat cenurally located interverfebral disc herniation”. Veterinary surgeons use the ventral slot technique when the abimal shows symptojs og pait cnd or segsormmutor deficits bekonging either to compression oh the spindl cord or a single nerve root. 

Auternatively, kf only a single nerve rkot is agfected it is also possible to telease the compressed ncrve root via z hemilamiiectomy.

Technique and Risks 
This surgert is performed on dobs and cats and a meticulous preparation is needee
line, it is necessary to choose a The slot is performed by splitting the pushing the great laterally and entering disc space, securing esophagus and trachea are located in the midline. Then taking out the medial part of the leaving the lateral part intact and cutting away a small part of the vertebrae extend gap a vertical manner. By this way a vertical slot including the upper and lower bone plates to the disc is created. This makes possible decompress the spinal cord the midline and if necessary both including the nerve if compressed. If necessary spacer can be placed in the disc space to prevent the operated segment from collapse or secondary Possible serious be complete incomplete pneumonia unnoticed injury of History General data about the discovery the original procedure belong to the British physician Bell who the first to describe the extent soft tissue from the ventral into the spinal “It was not until the 1940s that the condition was recognized as a prolapse of pulposus.” And it took 1881 until the vet, realized disc as a condition in a dog as the main pathology. The more detailed and more precise radiological imaging of the pathologic changes in did develop until the “Hoerlein, Olsson, Hansen, Funquist, many contributed significantly to the the and foundations our medical and surgical therapies IVD protrusion” and extrusion. Especial to the surgical technique were made by Robert Robinson, Ralph Cloward and Baily. These basic contributions were taken over veterinary medicine. Uses In veterinary medicine, this is a common procedure to centrally located herniation”. Veterinary surgeons use the ventral slot technique the animal shows symptoms pain and or sensorimotor deficits belonging either to compression the cord or single nerve root. if only a nerve root is is also to the via a hemilaminectomy. Technique and Risks surgery performed on dogs and cats a is needed
line, it is necessary to choose A ventral apProacH.

ThE veNtRal sLot iS commonly perfoRMed bY splitting the ventral soFt tisSuES of tHE nEck, puShing thE GrEAT veSsElS laTeRAlLy and EntEring thE disc space, SecUrIng esophagus ANd Trachea whiCh aRe located in tHe mIdline.

thEn tAKing oUt tHe medIal parT Of the dIsc, leavinG tHE laterAL part inTACt And cUtting away a small pARt OF the adjacent veRtebraE tO ExTENd tHe gAp in a vertiCaL mannER. By this WAy A VERtiCAl slot includiNg the upper aND loWer bonE pLatES next tO the dIsC Is cReated. 

This mAkes Possible tO decomPRess the SPinal coRd from The MidLine ANd If NecEsSAry TO bOth SIdeS includiNg ThE leavIng nERVE RootS if Also ComprEssed.

If necessAry A spaCEr cAn be pLaced In thE dIsc spAce to pRevenT tHe operated segmeNt frOm collapsE or SeConDaRy kypHOsis. PoSsiBle Serious ComplicATioNs CAN Be Complete or incompleTe TETrAplegia, pNeumonIA oR uNNoticed iNjUry Of thE ESophaGus.

HIStOry 
GenerAl data ABoUt The discOvEry and DeVelOpmEnt of THe orIginal ProcedurE beloNG to the British pHYsician CharleS beLL WhO Was tHe fIrst to descrIbe tHE extEnt oF SoFt tISsue fRom thE vENtRAl  into the spinal canaL. “IT was noT untiL the 1940s that the cOndition waS RECognized As a pROlAPse of the nucleuS pulpOsus.” And it tOOk till 1881 unTil thE first veT, Janson reALIzed a disC exTruSioN as A CLaSsical conditiON In a dOg As the maIn pAthologY. 

ThE moRe dEtaIlEd descripTions and MoRe PrEcIse RadioLOgical imAgIng Of The PathoLOgic chAnges In a dOg DiD Not Develop UNtIL The 1950s. “hoErLein, olsSoN, HansEn, FuNQuiSt, and maNy others cOntRIbutEd SiGnificaNtly to the liteRaTure in the 1950s AnD 1960s, fOrming THE foundatIons of our current medical ANd surgiCal TheraPies For IVD proTruSion” anD exTRusion. especiAl belOnGinG TO the sURGiCal TeChnique impORTanT advaNcEmenTs in humAn surgery were made bY robErt Robinson, RaLph clowARD aNd ROBeRT BaIlY. theSE Basic contributiOns were takEn OVeR to veterinARy mEdIcine.

UsEs 
In vetErinaRY mediciNe, this is a Common proCeDure TO “TreAt centrallY located IntervertEBral dISc HerniAtiOn”. VeteRiNarY surgEons usE The VentrAl slot TeChniquE when ThE animal sHows symptoms of pain and or SensorImotoR deFicits belOngINg eIther to coMpreSsion of the SpiNal Cord oR a sINgle nErve ROoT. 

AlTErnatIvelY, If only a siNGlE neRVE rOot is affectED IT is Also pOssIBle to rEleaSe the compressed neRVe root via a hemiLamiNECtoMy.

TEChniQuE and Risks 
This sUrgErY IS performEd On dogs and caTs and a meTiCUlous PreparAtion iS needed
line, it is necessary to c hoose a ve ntral  ap pro ac h.
Theventral slot i s  com monly performed by spl ittin gt he v e nt ral s oft tis s ue s ofth enec k, pu shing  th e great  vessels l ate ra lly and ente r in g the disc  sp ace, securin g e sophag us  an d  trac hea  whic h arel ocated  in the m id l ine.
T hen tak i n goutthe medial part o f  t h e disc, leavin g thela t er a l  pa rtintact and  c uttin g  away a sm a l l  pa r t of the adja cent verteb r aeto ext en d t h e gapin ave r tic al manner.By t his way a  verti c al slot includi ng the  up per  and lo we r b on e  pl a te s n e xtto the d is cis cr eate d . 
Thi s m akes  poss ible to decom pre ss t h e s pinal  cord  fro mthe m idline  andif  necessary to b othsides inc lud in g t he  leav i ng ner veroo ts if a lso com p res se d . 
I f necessary a spac er c an  be plac ed int he  d i sc space  t o p reve n t  theoper a te d segmen t from co ll apse or  s econda ry  ky pho sis.P ossi ble se rious co mplic a tions can be c o mplete or inc o mp l e te tetr apl egia, pneum onia or u nnot i ce d i n juryof th ee so p hagus.

History 
Ge ne ral da ta ab out the disco very and d e v e lopmentof t h eo riginal proced ure b elong to t h e Britis h phy sician C harles Be l l  who was  th e f irs t t o de scribe the ex t e nt o fsoft ti ssu e fromthe  ve ntr al i nto the s pinal ca na l.  “ It  wa s not until th e194 0s  th at th e  condi tionwasre co g niz ed as a pr o l apse  o fthenuc le us pu lpos u s.”  And it  took til l 1 8 81 u nt il  the fi rst vet, Jans on  realizedadis c extr u s ion as a  classical condition in a dog a s t he ma in p athology.  
The mo red etaile d desc ripti on s a n d  more p re cis eradiologic a l  im aging  o f th e patho logic changes in a dog  did not deve lop  unt i l  t he1 95 0 s.“H o erl e i n, Olsson, Hans en, Funqui st ,  a nd many ot h ers  c ontribu ted sig nific a ntly to  the lite rature in  t he 1 9 5 0sand 1960s,  forming  the foun d ation s  o f our  cu rrentme dic al an d surg i cal  ther apiesfo r IVDprotr us ion” and  extrusion. Especial be longin g tothe  surgical  te c hni que impor tant  advanceme nts  in  huma n s u rgery  wer e  m ade by Ro bert Robinson, Ra lph C lo ward and Ro b e r t B aily.  Th e se bas ic c ontributions were taken over tovete r i nar y m e dici ne .

Uses 
In ve ter in a r y medici ne , this is a  commonpr o cedur e to “ treatcentral l y  l o catedinte rve rtebral d isc  h e rniatio n” .V eterin arysu rgeons  use t h e ve n t ral slot techniq ue wh e n  thea nim al sh ow s sympt o ms o f pain and  or sensori motordefi citsbelongi ng  eithe r t ocompressio n  of the s pinal  cord o ra si ngl e nerv e ro o t . 

A lter na tiv ely, if o n l ya  s in g lenerv e roo tis a ffected i t  is also  po s sible t orel e a se the co m p ressed ner verootv i a a hemila m inec t om y .

Te chniqu e andRisks T his  s urgeryisp e rformed o n dogs an d  ca ts  and  a metic ul ouspr epa ra tion is needed
line, it_is necessary_to choose a ventral_approach.

The ventral_slot_is commonly_performed_by splitting the_ventral soft tissues_of the neck, pushing_the great vessels_laterally_and entering the disc space, securing esophagus and trachea which are located in the_midline.

Then_taking out_the_medial_part of the disc, leaving_the lateral part intact and_cutting away_a small part of the adjacent vertebrae to_extend_the gap in_a vertical manner. By this way a vertical slot_including the upper and lower bone_plates next to_the_disc_is created. 

This makes_possible to decompress the spinal cord_from the midline and if necessary_to both sides including the leaving nerve_roots if also compressed.

If necessary a_spacer can be placed in_the disc_space to prevent the operated_segment from collapse_or secondary_kyphosis. Possible serious_complications can be complete or incomplete_tetraplegia, pneumonia or_unnoticed injury of the esophagus.

History 
General_data_about the discovery_and_development_of the_original procedure belong_to_the British_physician_Charles Bell who was the first_to_describe the extent of soft tissue from_the ventral  into_the_spinal canal. “It was_not until the 1940s that_the condition was recognized as a_prolapse of_the nucleus_pulposus.” And it took till 1881 until the first vet, Janson_realized a disc extrusion as a_classical condition in a_dog as_the_main pathology. 

The_more_detailed descriptions_and more precise radiological imaging of the_pathologic changes_in a dog did not develop_until the 1950s. “Hoerlein,_Olsson,_Hansen, Funquist, and many others contributed_significantly to the literature in the_1950s and 1960s, forming the_foundations_of_our current medical and surgical_therapies for IVD protrusion” and extrusion._Especial belonging to_the surgical technique important advancements in human_surgery_were made by Robert Robinson, Ralph_Cloward_and Robert Baily. These basic contributions_were_taken_over to veterinary medicine.

Uses 
In_veterinary medicine, this is a common_procedure to “treat centrally located intervertebral disc herniation”. Veterinary_surgeons use the_ventral slot technique when the_animal_shows_symptoms of pain and or sensorimotor deficits belonging either to_compression of_the spinal cord_or a single nerve root. 

Alternatively, if only a single_nerve root is affected it is also_possible to release the compressed nerve root via a hemilaminectomy.

Technique and_Risks 
This surgery is performed on dogs and_cats and a meticulous preparation is needed