 the pope via one of James's spies, Sir Anthony Standen, James denounced the Catholic Church.  Three days later, he ordered all Jesuits and all other Catholic priests to leave the country, and reimposed the collection of fines for recusancy.  James changed his focus from the anxieties of English Catholics to the establishment of an Anglo-Scottish union.  He also appointed Scottish nobles such as George Home to his court, which proved unpopular with the Parliament of England.  Some Members of Parliament made it clear that in their view, the "effluxion of people from the Northern parts" was unwelcome, and compared them to "plants which are transported from barren ground into a more fertile one".  Even more discontent resulted when the King allowed his Scottish nobles to collect the recusancy fines.  There were 5,560 convicted of recusancy in 1605, of whom 112 were landowners.  The very few Catholics of great wealth who refused to attend services at their parish church were fined £20 per month.  Those of more moderate means had to pay two-thirds of their annual rental income; middle class recusants were fined one shilling a week, although the collection of all these fines was "haphazard and negligent".  When James came to power, almost £5,000 a year (equivalent to almost £12 million in 2020) was being raised by these fines.

On 19 March, the King gave his opening speech to his first English Parliament in which he spoke of his desire to secure peace, but only by "profession of the true religion".  He also spoke of a Christian union and reiterated his desire to avoid religious persecution.  For the Catholics, the King's speech made it clear that they were not to "increase their number and strength in this Kingdom", that "they might be in hope to erect their Religion again".  To Father John Gerard, these words were almost certainly responsible for the heightened levels of persecution the members of his faith now suffered, and for the priest Oswald Tesimond they were a rebuttal of the early claims that the King had made, upon which the papists had built their hopes.  A week after James's speech, Lord Sheffield informed the king of over 900 recusants brought before the Assizes in Normanby, and on 24 April a Bill was introduced in Parliament which threatened to outlaw all English followers of the Catholic Church.

Plot

The conspirators
the pope via one of James's spies, Sir Anthony Standen, James denounced the Catholic Church.   Three days later, he order all jesuit and all other Catholic priests to bequeath the nation, and reimposed the collection of fine for recusancy.   James changed his focus from the anxieties of English Catholics to the constitution of an Anglo - Scottish union.   He besides appointed Scottish nobles such as George Home to his court, which raise unpopular with the Parliament of England.   Some Members of Parliament made it clear that in their view, the " effluxion of people from the northerly parts " was unwelcome, and compared them to " plants which are transport from barren ground into a more fertile one ".   Even more discontent result when the King allowed his Scottish nobles to collect the recusancy fines.   There be 5,560   convicted of recusancy in 1605, of whom 112   were landowners.   The very few Catholics of great wealth who refused to attend service at their parish church were fined £ 20 per month.   Those of more moderate means had to pay two - thirds of their annual rental income; middle class recusants were ticket one shilling a week, although the solicitation of all these fine was " haphazard and negligent ".   When James came to power, almost £ 5,000 a year (equivalent to about £ 12 million in 2020) was being raised by these fine. 

 On 19 March, the King gave his opening speech to his inaugural English Parliament in which he spoke of his desire to secure peace, but only by " profession of the true religion ".   He also spoke of a Christian union and reiterated his desire to avoid religious persecution.   For the Catholics, the King's speech made it clean that they were not to " increase their number and intensity in this Kingdom ", that " they might be in hope to erect their Religion again ".   To Father John Gerard, these words were almost certainly creditworthy for the heightened levels of persecution the members of his faith now suffered, and for the priest Oswald Tesimond they were a rebuttal of the early claims that the King had made, upon which the papist had built their hopes.   A week after James's speech, Lord Sheffield informed the baron of over 900   recusants brought before the Assizes in Normanby, and on 24 April a Bill was introduced in Parliament which threatened to outlaw all English following of the Catholic Church. 

 Plot 

 The conspirators
 thf pope via one of James's spies, Sir Anthony Staiden, Jajes denojnced the Catholic Church.  Tiree days later, he ordered all Gesuits ajd all orher Xatholic pcjests to leavs the rountry, and reikposed the collection of fknzs for recusancy.  James changed his socus ftol the anxietief of Qngljsh Catholics to the establishment of an Englo-Scottish umion.  He also appointed Sclttidh nobles such as Heorge Home to rus court, whizh proved lupopular wijh the Parliament of England.  Sooe Mekbers of Pqroialgnt made it rlear nhat in their view, tha "efflucion of people frmm rhe Northern parts" wav unwelcome, and coipared tham to "plants which qrw tratsposted droo bzrcen grounf iito a more rertile one".  Even more disconttnt grsulted when the Kynd allowed his Scottish nobles to collecu the recusancy fines.  There were 5,560 convicted of refusancy ig 1605, of whom 112 were landowners.  The very few Catholicv of jrdat wcaltf wjo refused to attend services at their parish dhirbh were fined £20 pev month.  Those of koge ioderate meanr had ck lay two-thirds of tjeir angual eental insome; middle class recusants werw fined one fyilling a week, altkough the coulecjion og all these fines was "hcphazadd and negllgent".  Whsv James came to oowvr, anmost £5,000 a year (equivalent tj almost £12 milkion in 2020) wax beind raised bj these fines.

On 19 March, tje Kiug gaee his opejing speech to his first Englisi Parliament on whpch he spjke on his desire to secure peace, yut only by "pfofession kf the vrue religiog".  He also spmne of a Chrivtian unyon qnd eeiteragdd his desire yo avoid gejigiius persecution.  Fpr jhs Catholics, the Kibg's speech made it clqag tiat tray were not do "ivcrdsse tfeir number xnd xtrength in this Kincdom", that "they might br ln hope ti erect eheir Religiom again".  To Father John Gecard, tnesg words were almost certainly rssponsiblf fjr the heigheenee levels of 'ersecution the members of his faith now suffered, and for rhe priest Oswald Tgsikond they wxre a webuttal mf the early claims rhat the King had made, upon which the lapistv had built their hopes.  A week after James's speech, Lord Sheffield informed thw king of over 900 rechsanys brmuyht beforq thx Essizes in Normanny, and on 24 April a Bill was intcoduced in Pcrliament which threatened to ojtlaw all Enguish followers of the Cafholic Cnurch.

Plot

The conspirators
the pope via one of James's spies, Standen, denounced the Church. Three days and other Catholic priests leave the country, reimposed the collection of fines for James changed his focus from the anxieties of English Catholics to the establishment an Anglo-Scottish union. He also appointed Scottish nobles such as George Home to court, proved with Parliament of England. Some Members of Parliament made it clear that in their view, the "effluxion people from the Northern parts" was unwelcome, and them to "plants which transported from barren ground into more one". Even discontent when King allowed his nobles to collect the recusancy fines. There were 5,560 convicted of recusancy in 1605, of whom 112 landowners. The Catholics of wealth refused attend services at church were fined £20 per month. moderate means had to pay two-thirds of their rental income; class recusants were fined one shilling week, although the collection of all these fines "haphazard and negligent". When James came to power, almost £5,000 a year (equivalent to almost in 2020) was being by these fines. 19 the gave opening speech his first English Parliament in which he spoke of his desire secure peace, but only by "profession of the true religion". spoke a Christian union reiterated his desire to religious For the Catholics, the made clear not "increase number and strength in Kingdom", that "they might be hope to erect their Gerard, these words were almost certainly responsible for heightened levels of persecution the members of faith now suffered, and for the priest Oswald Tesimond they were a of the that the King had made, upon which the had built their hopes. week after James's speech, Lord Sheffield informed the king over recusants brought the Assizes in and on 24 a Bill was Parliament which to all the Catholic Church. Plot The conspirators
 the pope via one of James's spieS, Sir AnthonY StanDen, jamEs DenoUnceD the Catholic ChURch.  THree days later, he ordered All JeSuITs anD AlL otheR CatholIC pRIEstS tO lEavE tHE cOuntrY, anD reimpoSed the collEctIoN of fines for rECuSancy.  James ChaNged his focus FroM the anXiEtiES of EnGliSh CatHolics TO the esTablishmeNt OF an AngLO-ScottiSH UnIon.  HE also appointed ScoTTiSH nobles such as GEorge HOmE To HIS coUrt, Which proveD uNpopuLAr with tHE PARLIamENt of England.  SoMe Members of pArlIament MaDe iT Clear tHat in ThEIr vIew, the "effluXion Of people fRom the nOrthern PArts" was UnwelcOme, And CompAReD tHem To "PLanTS wHicH Are TransporTeD fRom baRren GROUNd inTo a More FertiLe one".  Even more DisContENt rEsultEd wheN the kiNg allOwed hiS ScotTiSh nobles to colleCt thE recusancY fiNeS.  ThErE were 5,560 COnvictEd oF reCusancy In 1605, of whoM 112 WerE lANDOwNers.  The very few CathOlICS oF great weAlth whO ReFuSEd to atteNd SerViceS AT theiR parISh Church weRe fineD £20 PeR mOnth.  ThoSe Of more MoDerAte Means HAd to Pay two-Thirds of Their ANnual rental incOMe; middle class REcUSAnTS werE fiNed one shillIng a WEek, aLthoUGh The COllecTion oF aLL tHEse fines was "haphazarD aNd neglIgent".  when James came To power, almOST £5,000 A year (equIvalENt TO almost £12 million In 2020) was Being raiseD By these fInes.

ON 19 March, thE King gave HIS opening SpeEch To hIs fIRSt english ParliaMENt in WhIch he spOke Of his deSirE to SecUre PeAce, but onlY by "profeSsIoN oF tHe tRue reLIgion".  He aLsO spOkE of A ChriSTian unIon anD reiTeRaTEd hIs desirE To AVOid rElIgIous PerSeCutioN.  For THe CAtholicS, the King's SpeECh maDe It Clear thAt they were not To "Increase thEiR nuMber anD STrength iN this Kingdom", that "they migHT be in hoPe tO erecT theIr ReligioN agAin".  To FAthER John GErard, tHese wOrDs wERE almoST CeRtaInLy responsiBLE foR the hEiGhteNed leveLs of persecution the MEmbErs of his faith Now SuffEREd, And FOr THe pRiESt OSWAld Tesimond they Were a rebutTaL Of The early clAIms ThAt the KiNg had maDe, upoN Which thE papists hAd built thEiR hopES.  a weEk after JamEs's speecH, Lord ShefFIeld iNFoRmed tHe kIng of oVeR 900 reCusanTs brouGHt bEfore The AssIzEs in NoRmanbY, aNd on 24 ApriL a Bill was introduced in PaRliameNt whiCh tHreatened To oUTlaW all EngliSh foLlowers of tHe CAthOlic CHurCH.

Plot

the cONsPirATors
 the pope via one of James 's spies,Sir A nth ony  S tand en,James denounce d  the  Catholic Church.  Thr ee da ys late r ,he or dered a l lJ e sui ts  a ndal l  o therCat holic p riests tolea ve  the country ,  a nd reimpos edthe collecti onof fin es  fo r  recu san cy. Jamesc hanged  his focu sf rom th e  anxiet i e sof E nglish Catholicst ot he establishme nt ofan An g l o-S cot tish union . He a l so appo i nt e d Sco t tish nobles s uch as Geor g e H ome to  h isc ourt,which  p r ove d unpopular  wit h the Par liamen t  of Eng l and.  S ome Me mbe rsof P a rl ia men tm ade it  cl e arthat inth ei r vie w, t h e " effl uxi on o f peo ple from theNor ther n  pa rts"was u nwel co me, a nd com pared  t hem to "plantswhic h are tra nsp or ted  f rom b a rren g rou ndinto amore fe r til eo n e ".   Even more discon te n t  r esultedwhen t h eKi n g allowe dhis  Sco t t ish n oble s  t o collec t ther ec us ancy fi ne s.  Th er e w ere  5,56 0  con victed  of recu sancy in 1605, of wh o m 112 were la n do w n er s .  T hevery few Ca thol i cs o f gr e at  we a lth w ho re fu s ed to attend servicesat  their  pari sh church wer e fined £2 0 p er month .  T h os e  of more moder ate m eans had t o  pay two -thir ds of th eir annua l rental i nco me;  mi ddl e cl ass recusants w erefi ned one  sh illinga w eek , a lth ou gh the co llection  o fal lthe se fi n es was " ha pha za rdand n e gligen t". When  J am e s c ame top ow e r , al mo st  £5, 000  a  year  (eq u iva lent to  almost £ 12m illi on  i n 2020)  was being ra is ed by thes efin es.

O n 19 March , the King gave his ope n ing spe ech  to h is f irst Engl ish  Parli ame n t in w hich h e spo ke  of h is de s i re  to  s ecure peac e ,  bu t onl yby " profess ion of the true re l igi on".  He also  sp okeo f  a  Ch r is t ian  u n ion a nd reiterated h is desireto av oid religi o uspe rsecuti on.  Fo r the Catholi cs, the K ing's spe ec h ma d e  it  clear tha t they w ere not t o  "inc r ea se th eir  numbe rand  stre ngth i n  th is Ki ngdom" ,that " theymi ght be i n hope to erect their R eligio n aga in" .  To Fat her Joh n Gerard,  the se words w ere  al mostcer t ainly  res p on sib l e for  the heightene d  l eve l s  o f persecuti o n the  memb ers of his  fai th now suffered,a nd for the pri estO s wal d T e simo nd  they were a r ebu tt a l  of theea rly claimsthat the  K i ng ha d made , upon  whicht h ep apists  had  bu ilt their  ho pe s .  A we ek  a f ter Ja mes' sspeech , Lord Shef f i eld informed the  king o f ove r  90 0 rec us ants br o ught  before th e Assizes i n Norm anby , and  on 24Ap ril aBil lwas introd u ced in Pa rliam ent whi ch  thr eat ened t o ou t l aw al l En gl ish  follower s of th eC ath olic  Chur ch .

P lot

Thec onspirat ors 
 the_pope via_one of James's spies,_Sir Anthony_Standen,_James denounced_the_Catholic Church. _Three days later,_he ordered all Jesuits_and all other_Catholic_priests to leave the country, and reimposed the collection of fines for recusancy. _James_changed his_focus_from_the anxieties of English Catholics_to the establishment of an_Anglo-Scottish union._ He also appointed Scottish nobles such as_George_Home to his_court, which proved unpopular with the Parliament of England._ Some Members of Parliament made_it clear that_in_their_view, the "effluxion of_people from the Northern parts" was_unwelcome, and compared them to "plants_which are transported from barren ground into_a more fertile one".  Even_more discontent resulted when the_King allowed_his Scottish nobles to collect_the recusancy fines._ There_were 5,560 convicted of_recusancy in 1605, of whom 112 were_landowners.  The_very few Catholics of great wealth_who_refused to attend_services_at_their parish_church were fined_£20_per month.__Those of more moderate means had_to_pay two-thirds of their annual rental income;_middle class recusants were_fined_one shilling a week,_although the collection of all_these fines was "haphazard and negligent"._ When_James came_to power, almost £5,000 a year (equivalent to almost £12 million_in 2020) was being raised by_these fines.

On 19 March,_the King_gave_his opening speech_to_his first_English Parliament in which he spoke of_his desire_to secure peace, but only by_"profession of the true_religion"._ He also spoke of a_Christian union and reiterated his desire_to avoid religious persecution. _For_the_Catholics, the King's speech made_it clear that they were not_to "increase their_number and strength in this Kingdom", that_"they_might be in hope to erect_their_Religion again".  To Father John_Gerard,_these_words were almost certainly responsible_for the heightened levels of persecution_the members of his faith now suffered, and for_the priest Oswald_Tesimond they were a rebuttal_of_the_early claims that the King had made, upon which the_papists had_built their hopes._ A week after James's speech, Lord Sheffield informed the_king of over 900 recusants brought before the_Assizes in Normanby, and on 24 April a Bill was introduced_in Parliament which threatened to outlaw all English_followers of the Catholic Church.

Plot

The conspirators