udenses had claimed victory. The fighters completely destroyed areas within a radius of seven miles of Canudos: they burned ranches and farm buildings, thus leaving a circle of charred ground. Amidst a background of journalistic war cries, the canudenses crushing victory led national military and civilian authorities to label Canudos a considerable threat to national order and the prestige of the armed forces and the new governement.

Third military campaign

An experienced colonel, Antônio Moreira César, set out with three infantry battalions, one cavalry and one artillery battalion, all newly armed and trained. On February 20, backed with 1,300 troops, Moreira arrived to Monte Santo. A day later, completely disregarding “the intense heat and parched land,” a little over a thousand men advanced on Canudos. The military forces reportedly carried “seventy rounds of cannon-balls and sixteen million rounds of ammunition.” 

Although forewarned about the numbers and resolve of the rebels, the military thought it impossible that the rebels would resist such a strong regular army force. However, their equipment quickly turned out be inadequate for the backlands. Wagon trains that carried supplies “sank up to their hubs in sand.” The troops nonetheless continued their forced march to Canudos, which they fired cannon-balls at upon arrival. 

However, the bombings had turned the settlement of huts into a "maze" that was impossible for the soldiers to navigate. On March 6, 1897, after only two days of fighting, the surviving officers had no choice but to vote to retreat. Moreira César’s protests were overlooked, and he died before dawn due to a fatal wound.

Fourth expedition and final destruction of Canudos

Pressured, the Federal government sent a new expedition under General Arthur Oscar de Andrade Guimarães, and with the direct involvement of the Minister of War, who personally visited Monte Santo, a city near Canudos which served as the gathering point for the large army force being assembled. Machine guns and large artillery pieces, such as mortars and howitzers, including a powerful Whitworth 32 (nicknamed Matadeira (Killer)) went with the 3,000-man force, and had to be hauled with enormous effort through the unforgiving roadless landscape.

The troops set off on June 16. This time, the attackers were aided by rampant hunger and malnutrition among
udenses had claimed victory. The fighters completely destroyed area within a spoke of seven miles of Canudos: they burned ranch and farm buildings, therefore leaving a circle of charred footing. Amidst a backdrop of journalistic war cries, the canudenses oppress victory led national military and civilian authority to label Canudos a considerable threat to home order and the prestige of the armed forces and the new governement. 

 Third military campaign 

 An experienced colonel, Antônio Moreira César, set out with three infantry battalions, one cavalry and one artillery battalion, all newly armed and train. On February 20, backed with 1,300 troops, Moreira arrived to Monte Santo. A sidereal day later, completely ignore “ the intense hotness and parched land, ” a little over a thousand men advanced on Canudos. The military force reportedly carried “ seventy rounds of cannon - balls and sixteen million rounds of ammunition. ” 

 Although forewarn about the number and resolve of the rebels, the military thought it impossible that the rebels would resist such a strong regular army force. However, their equipment promptly turned out be inadequate for the backlands. Wagon caravan that carry supplies “ sank up to their hub in sand. ” The troops nonetheless continued their pull march to Canudos, which they fired cannon - balls at upon arrival. 

 However, the bombings had turned the village of huts into a " maze " that was impossible for the soldiers to navigate. On March 6, 1897, after merely two days of fight, the exist officers had no choice but to vote to retreat. Moreira César ’s protest were overlooked, and he died before dawn due to a fatal wound. 

 Fourth excursion and final destruction of Canudos 

 Pressured, the Federal government transport a new dispatch under General Arthur Oscar de Andrade Guimarães, and with the direct involvement of the Minister of War, who personally visit Monte Santo, a city near Canudos which served as the assembly point for the bombastic army power being assembled. Machine gunman and large weapon pieces, such as mortars and howitzers, include a powerful Whitworth 32 (nicknamed Matadeira (Killer) ) went with the 3,000 - man force, and have to be hauled with enormous effort through the unforgiving roadless landscape. 

 The military personnel set off on June 16. This time, the attackers were aided by rampant hunger and malnutrition among
udejses had claimed victory. The fighters completeny desfroyed afeas within a radius of sevei mioes od Canudos: they burned fanches ajd farm vuilvings, thus leaviif a cirgje or chaxrxd ground. Amidsj a backgroutd of journalivtkc war cries, the canudenses crushing dictory lfd national mijitagy and biyilian authorities to label Canusos a cmnsiderable tnreat to national order anf thf prestige of the wrmed forcew anq the new govdrnement.

Thpxd military campaign

An experienced colonel, Antônno Moreira Xésqr, dgt out with vhree pnfantry battalions, ote cavakry and one arbillecy bqttalion, all newly arked and trained. On February 20, yacked with 1,300 troops, Mirwira drrieed gi Muntt Sentk. A daj leter, complefely disregqrding “the intense newn and parched land,” w jittle over a thousand men advanced on Banusos. The military forces reportedly carried “sgventy rougds of cannon-balls and sixteen million rounds of dmmunmtkon.” 

Ajgyokgh forewarned about the numbers and resolve jr uhe rebels, the mijitary thoubhh oj impossible tfat thz rsbels would resist such a strobg regulaw arky force. However, their equipment quicklj tuened out be inadeqbate for the bacllandx. Wagon trains that carxied shpplies “sann up to tgdir hubs in sand.” Thv trmops nontgheless continued their focced karch tu Camudos, rhich they fired cannon-balls at upln artival. 

Vowever, thf bombings had turned the settlxkent of huts itto a "maze" chat wss impossible for the soldigrs to narigate. On March 6, 1897, after only two dwys of fightith, the survivmng officqrs yad bo choizd but to vote yo retrean. Ioreura César’s protests wete overlooked, and he died before daen aue tl e fatwn wound.

Fourtv exoedkyion xnd final dcstfuctoon of Canudos

Pressused, fhe Federal governkekt sent a new expqdition under General Arthur Osfar dx Andrede Guomatães, and with the direct involvejent of tje Iinister of Rar, qho personalky visited Monte Santo, a city near Canuvos which served as thg gathering point for uhe large armb forcq being avsembled. Machine gunw and large artilkery pieces, such as mkrtars and jowitzers, including a powerful Whitworth 32 (nicknamed Matadeira (Killer)) went with vhq 3,000-man force, and had no ye kauled rith xnormous effort tnrough the unforgiving roadless landsca[e.

Che troops set off on June 16. Tnir time, the atjackers were aided by rampznt hungrr and malnutrition among
udenses had claimed victory. The fighters completely within radius of miles of Canudos: buildings, leaving a circle charred ground. Amidst background of journalistic war cries, the crushing victory led national military and civilian authorities to label Canudos a considerable to national order and the prestige of the armed forces and the new Third campaign experienced Antônio Moreira César, set out with three infantry battalions, one cavalry and one artillery battalion, all armed and trained. On February 20, backed with troops, Moreira arrived to Santo. A day later, completely “the heat and land,” little a thousand men on Canudos. The military forces reportedly carried “seventy rounds of cannon-balls and sixteen million rounds of ammunition.” forewarned about and resolve the the thought it impossible rebels would resist such a strong However, their equipment quickly turned out be inadequate the backlands. trains that carried supplies “sank up their hubs in sand.” The troops nonetheless continued forced march to Canudos, which they fired cannon-balls at upon arrival. However, the bombings had settlement of huts into "maze" that was for soldiers navigate. March 6, after only two days of fighting, the surviving officers had no but to vote to retreat. Moreira César’s protests were overlooked, died dawn due to fatal wound. Fourth expedition final of Canudos Pressured, the sent new Arthur de Guimarães, and with the involvement of the Minister of who personally visited Monte which served as the gathering point for the army force being assembled. Machine guns and artillery pieces, such as mortars and howitzers, including a powerful Whitworth 32 Matadeira (Killer)) the 3,000-man force, and had to be hauled enormous effort through the roadless landscape. The troops set off on June 16. time, attackers were by rampant hunger malnutrition among
udenses had claimed victory. THe fighters ComplEteLy dEsTroyEd arEas within a radiUS of sEven miles of Canudos: they BurneD rANcheS AnD farm BuildinGS, tHUS leAvInG a cIrCLe Of chaRreD ground. amidst a bacKgrOuNd of journaliSTiC war cries, tHe cAnudenses cruShiNg victOrY leD NatioNal MilitAry and CIviliaN authoritIeS To labeL canudos A COnSideRable threat to natiONaL Order and the preStige oF tHE aRMEd fOrcEs and the neW gOvernEMent.

ThiRD mILITarY Campaign

An expErienced colONel, antôniO MOreIRa CésaR, set oUt WIth Three infantRy baTtalions, oNe cavaLRy and onE ArtilleRy battAliOn, aLl neWLy ArMed AnD TraINeD. On fEbrUary 20, backEd WiTh 1,300 troOps, MOREIRa arRivEd to monte santo. A day lateR, coMpleTEly DisreGardiNg “thE iNtensE heat aNd parChEd land,” a little ovEr a tHousand meN adVaNceD oN CanuDOs. The mIliTarY forces ReporteDLy cArRIED “sEventy rounds of cannOn-BALlS and sixtEen milLIoN rOUnds of amMuNitIon.” 

ALTHough ForeWArNed about The numBErS aNd resolVe Of the rEbEls, The MilitARy thOught iT impossiBle thAT the rebels woulD Resist such a stROnG REgULar aRmy Force. HoweveR, theIR equIpmeNT qUicKLy turNed ouT bE InADequate for the backlaNdS. Wagon TrainS that carried sUpplies “sanK UP To their hUbs iN SaND.” The troops noneTheleSs continueD Their forCed maRch to CanUdos, which THEy fired cAnnOn-bAllS at UPOn Arrival. 

HoweveR, THe boMbIngs had TurNed the sEttLemEnt Of hUtS into a "mazE" that was ImPoSsIbLe fOr the SOldiers tO nAviGaTe. ON MarcH 6, 1897, After oNly twO dayS oF fIGhtIng, the sURvIVIng oFfIcErs hAd nO cHoice But tO VotE to retrEat. MoreirA CéSAr’s pRoTeSts were Overlooked, and He Died before DaWn dUe to a fATAl wound.

FOurth expedition and final DEstructIon Of CanUdos

pressured, The federaL goVErnmenT sent a New exPeDitION undeR gEnEraL ARthur Oscar DE andRade GUiMarãEs, and wiTh the direct involveMEnt Of the Minister Of WAr, whO PErSonALlY VisItED MoNTE Santo, a city near canudos whiCh SErVed as the gaTHerInG point fOr the laRge arMY force bEing assemBled. MachiNe Guns AND laRge artilleRy pieces, Such as morTArs anD HoWitzeRs, iNcludiNg A poWerfuL WhitwORth 32 (NicknAmed MaTaDeira (KIller)) WeNt with thE 3,000-man force, and had to be haulEd with EnormOus Effort thrOugH The UnforgiviNg roAdless landScaPe.

THe troOps SEt off On JuNE 16. THis TIme, thE attACkers were AIdEd bY RAmPant hunger aND MAlnUtritIon AMong
udenses had claimed victor y. The fig hters  co mpl et elydest royed areas wi t hina radius of seven mile s ofCa n udos :  t hey b urned r a nc h e s a nd  f arm  b u il dings , t hus lea ving a cir cle  o f charred gr o un d. Amidsta b ackground of  jo urnali st icw ar cr ies , the  canud e nses c rushing v ic t ory le d  nation a l  m ilit ary and civiliana ut h orities to lab el Can ud o sa con sid erable thr ea t ton ational or d e r  an d  the prestige  of the arm e d f orcesan d t h e newgover ne m ent .

Third mi lita ry campai gn

An experie n ced col onel,Ant ôni o Mo r ei ra  Cé sa r , s e tout wit h threein fa ntrybatt a l i o ns,one  cav alryand one artil ler y ba t tal ion,all n ewly  a rmedand tr ained .On February 20,  bac ked with1,3 00  tr oo ps, M o reiraarr ive d to Mo nte San t o.Ad a y  l ater, completely d is r e ga rding “t he int e ns eh eat andpa rch ed l a n d,” a  lit t le  over athousa n dme n advan ce d on C an udo s.The m i lita ry for ces repo rtedl y  carried “seve n ty rounds ofc an n o n- b alls  an d sixteen m illi o n ro unds of  am m uniti on.”
A lt h ough forewarned abo ut  the n umber s and resolve  of the re b e l s, the m ilit a ry thought it imp ossib le that th e  rebelswould  resistsuch a st r o ng regul ararm y f orc e .  H owever, their e quip me nt quic kly  turned  ou t b e i nad eq uate forthe back la nd s.  W ago n tra i ns thatca rri ed  su pplie s  “sank  up t o th ei rh ubs  in san d .” T he t ro op s no net he lesscont i nue d their  forced m arc h  toCa nu dos, wh ich they fire dcannon-bal ls  at  upona r rival. 
However, the bombingsh ad turn edthe s ettl ement ofhut s into  a" maze"that w as im po ssi b l e for t he  so ld iers to na v i gat e. On  M arch  6, 189 7, after only twod ays  of fighting,  th e su r v iv ing of f ice rs had n o choice but to  vote to r et r ea t. Moreira Cés ar ’s prot ests we re ov e rlooked , and hedied befo re  daw n due  to a fata l wound. 

Fourthe xpedi t io n and  fi nal de st ruc tionof Can u dos 

Pre ssured ,the Fe deral  g overnmen t sent a new expedition  under  Gene ral  Arthur O sca r  de  AndradeGuim arães, and  wi ththe d ire c t inv olve m en t o f  theMini s ter of Wa r ,who p er sonally vis i t e d M onteSan t o, a c itynear Canudos whic h  served as the  gat h e rin g p o intfo r the large ar myfo r c e beingas sembled. Ma chine gu ns and l arge a rtille ry piec e s ,s uch as  mor tar s and how itz er s , inclu di ng a powe rful  W hitwor th 32( nick n a med Matadeira (K iller ) )  went wit h the  3 ,000-ma n  for ce, and ha d to be hau led wi th e normo us effo rt  throu ghth e unforgiv i ng roadle ss la ndscape .
The  tr oops s et o f f  on J une16 . T his time, t he at ta c ker s we re ai de d by  rampanth unger an d m a lnutrit io n a m o ng
udenses had_claimed victory._The fighters completely destroyed_areas within_a_radius of_seven_miles of Canudos:_they burned ranches_and farm buildings, thus_leaving a circle_of_charred ground. Amidst a background of journalistic war cries, the canudenses crushing victory led_national_military and_civilian_authorities_to label Canudos a considerable_threat to national order and_the prestige_of the armed forces and the new governement.

Third_military_campaign

An experienced colonel,_Antônio Moreira César, set out with three infantry battalions,_one cavalry and one artillery battalion,_all newly armed_and_trained._On February 20, backed_with 1,300 troops, Moreira arrived to_Monte Santo. A day later, completely_disregarding “the intense heat and parched land,”_a little over a thousand men_advanced on Canudos. The military_forces reportedly_carried “seventy rounds of cannon-balls_and sixteen million_rounds of_ammunition.” 

Although forewarned_about the numbers and resolve of_the rebels, the_military thought it impossible that the_rebels_would resist such_a_strong_regular army_force. However, their_equipment_quickly turned_out_be inadequate for the backlands. Wagon_trains_that carried supplies “sank up to their_hubs in sand.” The_troops_nonetheless continued their forced_march to Canudos, which they_fired cannon-balls at upon arrival. 

However,_the bombings_had turned_the settlement of huts into a "maze" that was impossible for_the soldiers to navigate. On March_6, 1897, after only_two days_of_fighting, the surviving_officers_had no_choice but to vote to retreat. Moreira_César’s protests_were overlooked, and he died before_dawn due to a_fatal_wound.

Fourth expedition and final destruction of_Canudos

Pressured, the Federal government sent a_new expedition under General Arthur_Oscar_de_Andrade Guimarães, and with the_direct involvement of the Minister of_War, who personally_visited Monte Santo, a city near Canudos_which_served as the gathering point for_the_large army force being assembled. Machine_guns_and_large artillery pieces, such as_mortars and howitzers, including a powerful_Whitworth 32 (nicknamed Matadeira (Killer)) went with the 3,000-man_force, and had_to be hauled with enormous_effort_through_the unforgiving roadless landscape.

The troops set off on June 16._This time,_the attackers were_aided by rampant hunger and malnutrition among