 and subdivided the Frankish lands.

During the 5th and 6th centuries the Merovingian kings conquered the Thuringii (531 to 532), the Kingdom of the Burgundians and the principality of Metz and defeated the Danes, the Saxons and the Visigoths. King Chlothar I (558 to 561) ruled the greater part of what is now Germany and undertook military expeditions into Saxony, while the South-east of what is modern Germany remained under the influence of the Ostrogoths. Saxons controlled the area from the northern sea board to the Harz Mountains and the Eichsfeld in the south.

The Merovingians placed the various regions of their Frankish Empire under the control of semi-autonomous dukes – either Franks or local rulers, and followed imperial Roman strategic traditions of social and political integration of the newly conquered territories. While allowed to preserve their own legal systems, the conquered Germanic tribes were pressured to abandon the Arian Christian faith.

In 718 Charles Martel waged war against the Saxons in support of the Neustrians. In 743 his son Carloman in his role as Mayor of the Palace renewed the war against the Saxons, who had allied with and aided the duke Odilo of Bavaria. The Catholic Franks, who by 750 controlled a vast territory in Gaul, north-western Germany, Swabia, Burgundy and western Switzerland, that included the alpine passes allied with the Curia in Rome against the Lombards, who posed a permanent threat to the Holy See. Pressed by Liutprand, King of the Lombards, a Papal envoy for help had already been sent to the de facto ruler Charles Martel after his victory in 732 over the forces of the Umayyad Caliphate at the Battle of Tours, however a lasting and mutually beneficial alliance would only materialize after Charles' death under his successor Duke of the Franks, Pepin the Short.

In 751 Pippin III, Mayor of the Palace under the Merovingian king, himself assumed the title of king and was anointed by the Church. Pope Stephen II bestowed him the hereditary title of Patricius Romanorum as protector of Rome and St. Peter in response to the Donation of Pepin, that guaranteed the sovereignty of the Papal States. Charles the Great (who ruled the Franks from 774 to 814)
and subdivided the Frankish lands. 

 During the 5th and 6th century the Merovingian king conquered the Thuringii (531 to 532), the Kingdom of the Burgundians and the principality of Metz and get the better of the Danes, the Saxons and the Visigoths. King Chlothar I (558 to 561) rule the greater part of what is immediately Germany and contract military expeditions into Saxony, while the South - east of what is mod Germany remained under the influence of the Ostrogoths. Saxons manipulate the area from the northern sea dining table to the Harz Mountains and the Eichsfeld in the confederacy. 

 The Merovingians placed the various region of their Frankish Empire under the control of semi - autonomous dukes – either Franks or local ruler, and followed imperial Roman strategic traditions of social and political integration of the newly conquer territories. While allowed to preserve their own legal system, the conquered Germanic tribes were pressured to abandon the Arian Christian faith. 

 In 718 Charles Martel engage war against the Saxons in support of the Neustrians. In 743 his son Carloman in his role as Mayor of the Palace renewed the war against the Saxons, who had allied with and aided the duke Odilo of Bavaria. The Catholic Franks, who by 750 controlled a vast territory in Gaul, north - western Germany, Swabia, Burgundy and western Switzerland, that included the alpine passes allied with the Curia in Rome against the Lombards, who posed a permanent threat to the Holy See. Pressed by Liutprand, King of the Lombards, a Papal emissary for aid had already been sent to the de facto rule Charles Martel after his victory in 732 over the force of the Umayyad Caliphate at the Battle of Tours, however a lasting and mutually beneficial alliance would only happen after Charles' death under his successor Duke of the Franks, Pepin the Short. 

 In 751 Pippin III, Mayor of the Palace under the Merovingian baron, himself assumed the title of king and was anoint by the Church. Pope Stephen II bestowed him the hereditary title of Patricius Romanorum as protector of Rome and St. Peter in response to the Donation of Pepin, that guaranteed the sovereignty of the Papal States. Charles the Great (who ruled the Franks from 774 to 814 )
 anf subdivided the Frankism lands.

During thg 5rh and 6th cehturies ghe Merovingian kings conqueced rhe Tyuringii (531 to 532), the Kingaom of thv Burgunduans qnd the prmhcipalibv of Jctz aud defeated the Canes, the Vaxons and the Vksngoths. King Chlothar I (558 to 561) ruled thq greatrr part of what ys npr Gedmany and undertook military expedjtions pnto Saxony, while the South-east of what is lodegn Germany remainef under the infjyence of the Ostrogoths. Saxons conjrolled the area from the northefn sec board to jkw Hwtz Mountains and nhe Eichsfeld in the vouth.

Thr Merovingians pleced the various regions mf their Frankish Gmpire undar the control of swmu-autotomogs djjes – ejtier Frankd oc local rulsrs, and foloowed imperial Romam fntategic tradjtions os social and political integration of tve hewly conquered territoeies. While allowed to preserve their own legal systems, the conquered Germanic tsibes dert ivessjeef to abandon the Arian Christian faith.

In 718 Chawmex Kartel waged wcr against the Ssxlnx in support ow the Usuatrians. In 743 his soj Carloian ib his rolt as Kayor of the Palace renewed the war agapnst the Saxons, who hab allied witk and sided the duke Odilo of Bavaxia. Ths Catholic Vranks, whk by 750 controlled x vssd territory in Gaul, north-wqstern Gecmany, Swabia, Burbundy wnd westerj Swibserland, that inclufed tke al[ine passed allied with the Curia in Rome against the Lpmtargs, who pjsed s permanent trreat to the Hply See. Presred by Liunprand, Kiig of the Loibards, a Papan envoy for hxlp had ajreaey bwen seng to the de facyo ruler Bhcrles Marrel after his victpry jn 732 over the foxeew of the Umayyac Cxli[hwtx at eve Battle of Toufs, fpwevef a lasunng xnd kutually beneficial dlliznce would only mayevialize adter Chawles' death uncer his successor Fuke mf vhe Frsnkf, Pepin the Short.

In 751 Pippin IIJ, Mayor ov tme Palace undqr tme Mgrovingian ling, himself assumed the title of king end was anointed by thg Church. Pope Stephen LI bestowed iim thq hereditdry title of Patriciys Romanorum as pvotector of Rome and Sf. Petes in gesponse to the Donation of Pepin, that guaranteed the sovereignty of the Papal States. Charlss tne Grvat (cho rulqd tie Franks from 774 to 814)
and subdivided the Frankish lands. During the 6th the Merovingian conquered the Thuringii of Burgundians and the of Metz and the Danes, the Saxons and the King Chlothar I (558 to 561) ruled the greater part of what is Germany and undertook military expeditions into Saxony, while the South-east of what is Germany under influence the Ostrogoths. Saxons controlled the area from the northern sea board to the Harz Mountains and Eichsfeld in the south. The Merovingians placed the regions of their Frankish under the control of semi-autonomous – Franks or rulers, followed Roman strategic traditions social and political integration of the newly conquered territories. While allowed to preserve their own legal systems, conquered Germanic pressured to the Christian In 718 Charles war against the Saxons in support In 743 his son Carloman in his role Mayor of Palace renewed the war against the who had allied with and aided the duke of Bavaria. The Catholic Franks, who by 750 controlled a vast territory in Gaul, north-western Burgundy and western Switzerland, included the alpine allied the in against the who posed a permanent threat to the Holy See. Pressed by King of the Lombards, a Papal envoy for help had sent the de facto Charles Martel after his in over the forces of Caliphate the however lasting mutually beneficial alliance would materialize after Charles' death under successor Duke of the 751 Pippin III, Mayor of the Palace under Merovingian king, himself assumed the title of and was anointed by the Church. Pope Stephen II bestowed him the title of as protector of Rome and St. Peter in to the Donation of that guaranteed the sovereignty of the Papal States. Charles Great ruled the from 774 to
 and subdivided the Frankish lAnds.

During The 5th And 6Th cEnTuriEs thE Merovingian kiNGs coNquered the Thuringii (531 to 532), tHe KinGdOM of tHE BUrgunDians anD ThE PRinCiPaLitY oF meTz and DefEated thE Danes, the SAxoNs And the VisigoTHs. king ChlothAr I (558 To 561) ruled the grEatEr part Of WhaT Is now gerMany aNd undeRTook miLitary expEdITions iNTo SaxonY, WHiLe thE South-east of what iS MoDErn Germany remaIned unDeR ThE INflUenCe of the OstRoGoths. sAxons coNTrOLLEd tHE area from the nOrthern sea bOArd To the HArZ MoUNtains And thE EIChsFeld in the soUth.

THe MerovinGians pLAced the VArious rEgions Of tHeiR FraNKiSh empIrE UndER tHe cONtrOl of semi-AuToNomouS dukES – EITher fraNks oR locaL rulers, and folLowEd imPEriAl RomAn strAtegIc TradiTions oF sociAl And political intEgraTion of the NewLy ConQuEred tERritorIes. whiLe allowEd to preSErvE tHEIR oWn legal systems, the cOnQUErEd GermanIc tribES wErE PressureD tO abAndoN THe AriAn ChRIsTian faitH.

In 718 ChaRLeS MArtel waGeD war agAiNst The saxonS In suPport oF the NeusTrianS. in 743 his son CarlomAN in his role as MAYoR OF tHE PalAce Renewed the wAr agAInst The SAXoNs, wHO had aLlied WiTH aND aided the duke Odilo oF BAvaria. the CaTholic Franks, wHo by 750 controLLED a vast teRritORy IN Gaul, north-westErn GeRmany, SwabiA, burgundy And weStern SwiTzerland, tHAT includeD thE alPinE paSSEs Allied with the cURia iN ROme agaiNst The LombArdS, whO poSed A pErmanent tHreat to tHe hoLy seE. PrEssed BY LiutpraNd, kinG oF thE LombARds, a PaPal enVoy fOr HeLP haD alreadY BeEN Sent To ThE de fActO rUler CHarlES MaRtel aftEr his victOry IN 732 oveR tHe Forces oF the Umayyad CaLiPhate at the baTtlE of TouRS, However a Lasting and mutually benefICial allIanCe wouLd onLy materiaLizE after chaRLes' deaTh undeR his sUcCesSOR Duke OF ThE FrAnKs, Pepin the sHOrt.

in 751 PipPiN III, mayor of The Palace under the MERovIngian king, himSelF assUMEd The TItLE of KiNG anD WAs anointed by the church. Pope stEPhEn II bestowED hiM tHe heredItary tiTle of pAtriciuS RomanoruM as protecToR of ROME anD St. Peter in Response To the DonaTIon of pEpIn, thaT guAranteEd The SoverEignty OF thE PapaL StateS. CHarles The GrEaT (who ruleD the Franks from 774 to 814)
 and subdivided the Franki sh lands.
Duri ngthe  5 th a nd 6 th centuries t h e Me rovingian kings conque red t he Thur i ng ii (5 31 to 5 3 2) , the  K in gdo mo fthe B urg undians  and the p rin ci pality of Me t zand defeat edthe Danes, t heSaxons  a ndt he Vi sig oths.  KingC hlotha r I (558to 561) r u led the g re ater  part of what isn ow Germany and un dertoo km il i t ary  ex peditionsin to Sa x ony, wh i le t h e S o uth-east of w hat is mode r n G ermany  r ema i ned un der t he inf luence of t he O strogoths . Saxo n s contr o lled th e area  fr omthen or th ern  s e a b o ar d t o  th e Harz M ou nt ainsandt h e Eich sfe ld i n the  south.

TheMer ovin g ian s pla ced t he v ar iousregion s ofth eir Frankish Em pire  under th e c on tro lof se m i-auto nom ous  dukes– eithe r  Fr an k s or  local rulers, and  f o l lo wed impe rial R o ma ns trategic  t rad itio n s  of s ocia l  a nd polit ical i n te gr ation o fthe ne wl y c onq uered terr itorie s. While  allo w ed to preserve their own leg a ls y st e ms,the  conqueredGerm a nictrib e swer e  pres sured  t o  a b andon the Arian Chr is tian f aith. 

In 718 Char les Martel w a ged waragai n st the Saxons insuppo rt of theN eustrian s. In  743 his  son Carl o m an in hi s r ole  as  Ma y o rof the Palace r enew ed  the wa r a gainstthe  Sa xon s,wh o had all ied with  a nd  a id edthe d u ke Odilo  o f B av ari a. Th e  Catho lic F rank s,  w h o b y 750 c o nt r o lled  a  v astter ri toryin G a ul,  north- western G erm a ny,Sw ab ia, Bur gundy and wes te rn Switzer la nd,  thati n cluded t he alpine passes allied with th e C uriain R ome again stthe Lo mba r ds, wh o pose d a p er man e n t thr e a ttoth e Holy See . Pre ssedby  Liu tprand,  King of the Lomba r ds,  a Papal envo y f or h e l phad al r ead yb een s ent to the de f acto ruler  C h ar les Martel aft er  his vi ctory i n 732 over th e forcesof the Um ay yadC a lip hate at th e Battle  of Tours ,  howe v er  a la sti ng and  m utu allybenefi c ial  alli ance w ou ld onl y mat er ialize a fter Charles' death und er his  succ ess or Duke o f t h e F ranks, Pe pinthe Short. 

I n 7 51 Pi ppi n  III,  May o roft he Pa lace under the Me rov i n gi an king, hi m s e lfassum edt he tit le o f king and was an o inted by the C hurc h .  Po peS teph en  II bestowed h imth e heredita ry  title of P atricius  R o manor um asprotec tor ofR o me and St . Pe ter  in respo nse  t o  the Do na ti o n of P epin ,that g uarant e ed t h e  sovereignty ofthe P a p al St a tes . Cha rl es theG reat  (who rule d the Frank s from  774  to 8 14)
 and_subdivided the_Frankish lands.

During the 5th_and 6th_centuries_the Merovingian_kings_conquered the Thuringii_(531 to 532),_the Kingdom of the_Burgundians and the_principality_of Metz and defeated the Danes, the Saxons and the Visigoths. King Chlothar I_(558_to 561)_ruled_the_greater part of what is_now Germany and undertook military_expeditions into_Saxony, while the South-east of what is modern_Germany_remained under the_influence of the Ostrogoths. Saxons controlled the area from_the northern sea board to the_Harz Mountains and_the_Eichsfeld_in the south.

The Merovingians_placed the various regions of their_Frankish Empire under the control of_semi-autonomous dukes – either Franks or local_rulers, and followed imperial Roman strategic_traditions of social and political_integration of_the newly conquered territories. While_allowed to preserve_their own_legal systems, the_conquered Germanic tribes were pressured to_abandon the Arian_Christian faith.

In 718 Charles Martel waged_war_against the Saxons_in_support_of the_Neustrians. In 743_his_son Carloman_in_his role as Mayor of the_Palace_renewed the war against the Saxons, who_had allied with and_aided_the duke Odilo of_Bavaria. The Catholic Franks, who_by 750 controlled a vast territory_in Gaul,_north-western Germany,_Swabia, Burgundy and western Switzerland, that included the alpine passes allied_with the Curia in Rome against_the Lombards, who posed_a permanent_threat_to the Holy_See._Pressed by_Liutprand, King of the Lombards, a Papal_envoy for_help had already been sent to_the de facto ruler_Charles_Martel after his victory in 732_over the forces of the Umayyad_Caliphate at the Battle of_Tours,_however_a lasting and mutually beneficial_alliance would only materialize after Charles'_death under his_successor Duke of the Franks, Pepin the_Short.

In_751 Pippin III, Mayor of the_Palace_under the Merovingian king, himself assumed_the_title_of king and was anointed_by the Church. Pope Stephen II_bestowed him the hereditary title of Patricius Romanorum as_protector of Rome_and St. Peter in response_to_the_Donation of Pepin, that guaranteed the sovereignty of the Papal_States. Charles_the Great (who_ruled the Franks from 774 to 814)