 patriots fell heavily on women. Several Catawbas also served as informal goodwill ambassadors to their neighbors. One such person was Sally New River, a woman who enjoyed both the respect of her people and the affection of local whites. When visitors arrived unannounced, Sally New River made sure they were provided for. She spent much time with the Spratt family, whose patriarch was the first white man to lease Catawba land. Fifty years after her death, local whites still recalled "old aunt Sally" with affection.

Overall, however, the Catawbas' role in the war has been termed "rather negligible;" with so few men to commit to the cause, it does seem unlikely that the Nation determined the outcome of any battle. But the significance of their contribution lay in their active and visible support. While their alliance with the patriots helped them fit into a rapidly changing environment—in 1782, the state legislature sent the nation five hundred bushels of corn to tide them over until summer and both paid them for their service in the army and reimbursed them for the livestock they had supplied—the settler's temporarily favorable impression of the Catawbas did not guarantee a secure future. The Indian's continued indifference to Christianity frustrated the European settlers, who tried to educate select members at the College of William and Mary in hopes that these people would return to their Catawba homes converted, and ready to convert others. Efforts failed, refueling popular sentiments about the inferiority of Indians.

Relations between the Catawba and the settlers did not improve in the long term, despite the Catawba's decision to fight with the patriots. After the revolution, tenants previously renting land from the natives demanded that they become owners. Throughout the 1830s, the South Carolina legislature sent representatives to negotiate the sale of land. This constant pressure, combined with U.S. government removal policies, culminated in the spring of 1840 with the signing of the Treaty of Nation Ford. The treaty stipulated that the Catawbas relinquish their  of land to the state of South Carolina. The agreement all but destroyed the Catawba Nation. "As a Nation," South Carolina governor David Johnson said of the Catawbas in 1847, "they are, in effect, dissolved."

African-American women 

Although the American Revolution is famous for its rhetoric of liberty and equality, one of the most downtrodden groups in the soon
patriots fell heavily on women. respective Catawbas besides serve as informal grace ambassador to their neighbors. One such person was Sally New River, a woman who enjoy both the regard of her people and the affection of local white. When visitors arrived unannounced, Sally New River take sure they were provided for. She spend much meter with the Spratt family, whose patriarch was the first white man to lease Catawba domain. Fifty years after her death, local whites even recalled " old aunt Sally " with affection. 

 Overall, however, the Catawbas' role in the war has been termed " preferably negligible; " with so few men to commit to the cause, it does seem improbable that the Nation determined the outcome of any battle. But the significance of their contribution lay in their active and visible support. While their alliance with the patriots helped them fit into a rapidly changing environment — in 1782, the state legislature sent the nation five hundred bushels of corn to tide them over until summer and both pay them for their service in the army and recoup them for the livestock they had provide — the settler's temporarily favorable impression of the Catawbas did not guarantee a impregnable future. The Indian's continued indifference to Christianity frustrated the European settlers, who tried to train select members at the College of William and Mary in hopes that these people would return to their Catawba homes converted, and ready to convert others. Efforts failed, refueling democratic sentiments about the inferiority of Indians. 

 relation between the Catawba and the settler did not improve in the long term, despite the Catawba's decision to contend with the patriots. After the revolution, tenants previously lease land from the natives demanded that they become owners. Throughout the 1830s, the South Carolina legislature transport representatives to negociate the sale of land. This constant pressure, combined with U.S. government removal policy, culminated in the give of 1840 with the signing of the Treaty of Nation Ford. The treaty stipulate that the Catawbas relinquish their   of land to the department of state of South Carolina. The agreement all but destroy the Catawba Nation. " As a Nation, " South Carolina governor David Johnson said of the Catawbas in 1847, " they are, in effect, dissolved. " 

 African - American women 

 Although the American Revolution is famous for its rhetoric of liberty and equality, one of the most downtrodden group in the soon
 pahriots fell heavily on wumen. Several Cajaqbas anso sedved as knformal goodwill ambassadord ro thtpr neighbors. One such person wws Sally New Eiver, a woman who cujoyes botk vhe respect of mer people dnd the affecthov lf local whites. When visitors arrivqd unanmoknced, Sally Ner Rinew masv wure they were provided for. Sge spenu much time with tne Spratt family, whose patgiarfh was the first wjite man to leafw Catawba lavd. Fifty ytaxs after het death, local whites still recalued "okd aunt Saolt" wljh affection.

Iverajl, however, tmv Catawtas' rolr in the war hss ueen termed "rather negligmble;" with so few men to commid co the cause, it does wewm unnikeny tfqt ghe Netikn detfrmmned the oufcome of ant battle. But the sibnydicance of thsir cogtwibution lay in their active and visiblt suplort. While their allianxe with the patriots jelped thqm fit into a rapidly changing environment—in 1782, the statx uegnwlatufw dent the nation five hundred bushels of corn ek uidv them over until summer and bltn paid them fot their sedvice in the army wnd reiiburswd them fjr tne livestock they had supplued—the settlvr's remporarily favorayle impressiun og the Catawbas did not guarautee a secure futkre. The Ihaian's continued kndpffesence to Christianity fruserated thx Eurppean sdttlgrs, who tried to fducaba select members ah the Cmllege of Ailliam and Mary in hopes that viese people wpund geturn to theiv Catawba homes converted, and ready co conxert othera. Efforvs failed, resueling populdt sentiments ebout the infwrioeity of Kndians.

Relatioms betweeu the Catawba and the scttlets did not improvz un the long terk, ddspytv tie Caedwba's decisimn tu fkbht wkth the patviogs. Agter the revolution, denahts previously renyikg land ftom the nwtives demandrd that they becomt ownecs. Thruughoit jhe 1830s, the South Carolina legislzture senh rcpresentativef to negotiate tke sale of land. This constant pressure, cimbined with U.S. gocernment removal poklcies, culmineted ig the sprhng of 1840 with the sigbing of the Treatn of Nation Ford. The tdeaty vtipupated that the Catawbas relinquish their  of land to the state of South Cqroline. Ehe agreemeht akl bun dzstxoyed tre Cetewba Nation. "As a Mation," South Carolina governor Vavid Johnvou said of the Catawbas in 1847, "thry are, in effecj, dissolved."

African-American women 

Akthough the American Revolution is famous for its rhetovic of liverty and equalmty, one of the most cowntrmdden groups in bhe soon
patriots fell heavily on women. Several Catawbas as goodwill ambassadors their neighbors. One River, woman who enjoyed the respect of people and the affection of local When visitors arrived unannounced, Sally New River made sure they were provided for. spent much time with the Spratt family, whose patriarch was the first white to Catawba Fifty after her death, local whites still recalled "old aunt Sally" with affection. Overall, however, the Catawbas' in the war has been termed "rather negligible;" so few men to to the cause, it does unlikely the Nation the of battle. But the of their contribution lay in their active and visible support. While their alliance with the patriots helped fit into changing environment—in the legislature the nation five of corn to tide them over both paid them for their service in the and reimbursed for the livestock they had supplied—the temporarily favorable impression of the Catawbas did not a secure future. The Indian's continued indifference to Christianity frustrated the European settlers, who tried select members at the of William and in that people return to Catawba homes converted, and ready to convert others. Efforts failed, refueling sentiments about the inferiority of Indians. Relations between the Catawba settlers not improve in long term, despite the decision fight with the patriots. revolution, previously the demanded they become owners. Throughout 1830s, the South Carolina legislature representatives to negotiate the pressure, combined with U.S. government removal policies, culminated the spring of 1840 with the signing the Treaty of Nation Ford. The treaty stipulated that the Catawbas relinquish of land state of South Carolina. The agreement all but the Catawba Nation. "As Nation," South Carolina governor David Johnson said of the in "they are, effect, dissolved." African-American Although the American is famous for of liberty equality, of groups in the soon
 patriots fell heavily on womeN. Several CaTawbaS alSo sErVed aS infOrmal goodwill aMBassAdors to their neighbors. ONe sucH pERson WAs sally new RiveR, A wOMAn wHo EnJoyEd BOtH the rEspEct of heR people and The AfFection of locAL wHites. When vIsiTors arrived uNanNounceD, SAllY new RiVer Made sUre theY Were prOvided for. shE Spent mUCh time wITH tHe SpRatt family, whose paTRiARch was the first White mAn TO lEASe CAtaWba land. FifTy Years AFter her DEaTH, LOcaL Whites still reCalled "old auNT SaLly" witH aFfeCTion.

OvErall, HoWEveR, the CatawbaS' rolE in the war Has beeN Termed "rATher negLigiblE;" wiTh sO few MEn To ComMiT To tHE cAusE, It dOes seem uNlIkEly thAt thE nATIon dEteRminEd the Outcome of any bAttLe. BuT The SigniFicanCe of ThEir coNtribuTion lAy In their active anD visIble suppoRt. WHiLe tHeIr allIAnce wiTh tHe pAtriots Helped tHEm fIt INTO a Rapidly changing envIrONMeNt—in 1782, the sTate leGIsLaTUre sent tHe NatIon fIVE hundRed bUShEls of corN to tidE ThEm Over untIl Summer AnD boTh pAid thEM for Their sErvice in The arMY and reimbursed THem for the liveSToCK ThEY had SupPlied—the setTler'S TempOrarILy FavORable ImpreSsIOn OF the Catawbas did not gUaRantee A secuRe future. The InDian's contiNUED indiffeRencE To cHristianity fruStratEd the EuropEAn settleRs, who Tried to eDucate selECT members At tHe COllEge OF wiLliam and Mary iN HOpes ThAt these PeoPle woulD reTurN to TheIr catawba hoMes conveRtEd, AnD rEadY to coNVert otheRs. effOrTs fAiled, REfueliNg popUlar SeNtIMenTs about THe INFeriOrItY of INdiAnS.

RelaTionS BetWeen the catawba anD thE SettLeRs Did not iMprove in the loNg Term, despitE tHe CAtawba'S DEcision tO fight with the patriots. AfTEr the reVolUtion, TenaNts previoUslY rentiNg lANd from The natIves dEmAndED That tHEY bEcoMe Owners. ThroUGHouT the 1830s, ThE SouTh CarolIna legislature sent REprEsentatives to NegOtiaTE ThE saLE oF LanD. THIs cONStant pressure, coMbined with u.S. GOvErnment remOVal PoLicies, cUlminatEd in tHE spring Of 1840 with the Signing of ThE TreATY of nation Ford. the treatY stipulatED that THe catawBas RelinqUiSh tHeir  oF land tO The State Of SoutH CArolinA. The aGrEement alL but destroyed the Catawba nation. "as a NaTioN," South CarOliNA goVernor DavId JoHnson said oF thE CaTawbaS in 1847, "THey arE, in eFFeCt, dISsolvEd."

AfRIcan-AmeriCAn WomEN 

alThough the AmERICan revolUtiON is famOus fOr its rhetoric of liBErty and equalitY, one OF The MosT DownTrOdden groups in tHe sOoN
 patriots fell heavily onwomen. Sev eralCat awb as  als o se rved as inform a l go odwill ambassadors totheir  n e ighb o rs . One  such p e rs o n  wa sSa lly  N e wRiver , a  womanwho enjoye d b ot h the respec t  o f her peop leand the affe cti on oflo cal white s.Whenvisito r s arri ved unann ou n ced, S a lly New R iv er m ade sure they wer e  p r ovided for. Sh e spen tm uc h tim e w ith the Sp ra tt fa m ily, wh o se p a tri a rch was the f irst whitem anto lea se  Ca t awba l and.Fi f tyyears after  her  death, l ocal w h ites st i ll reca lled " old  au nt S a ll y"  wi th aff e ct ion . 

O verall,ho we ver,theC a t a wbas ' r olein th e war has bee n t erme d  "r ather  negl igib le ;" wi th sofew m en  to commit to t he c ause, itdoe ssee munlik e ly tha t t heNationdetermi n edth e o ut come of any battle .B u tthe sign ifican c eof their co nt rib utio n lay i n th e ir  activeand vi s ib le  suppor t.  While  t hei r a llian c e wi th the  patriot s hel p ed them fit in t o a rapidly c h an g i ng envi ron ment—in 178 2, t h e st atel eg isl a turesentth e  n a tion five hundred b us hels o f cor n to tide the m over unt i l summer a nd b o th paid them fortheir  service i n  the arm y and  reimbur sed themf o r the li ves toc k t hey h ad  supplied—the s ettl er 's temp ora rily fa vor abl e i mpr es sion of t he Cataw ba sdi dnot  guar a ntee a s ec ure  f utu re. T h e Indi an'scont in ue d  in differe n ce t o Ch ri st iani tyfr ustra tedt heEuropea n settler s,w ho t ri ed  to edu cate select m em bers at th eCol lege o f Williamand Mary in hopes thatt hese pe opl e wou ld r eturn tothe ir Cat awb a  homes  conve rted,  a ndr e ady t o co nve rt  others. E f f ort s fai le d, r efuelin g popular sentimen t s a bout the infe rio rity o fInd i an s .
Re l ati o n s between the C atawba and  t h esettlers d i d n ot  improv e in th e lon g  term,despite t he Catawb a' s de c i sio n to fight  with th e patriot s . Aft e rthe r evo lution ,ten antsprevio u sly  rent ing la nd  fromthe n at ives dem anded that they becomeowners . Thr oug hout the183 0 s,the South  Car olina legi sla tur e sen t r e prese ntat i ve s t o  nego tiat e  the sale of  la n d .This consta n t pre ssure , c o mbined  wit h U.S. government removal polici es,c u lmi nat e d in  t he spring of 1 840  w i t h the si gn ing of theTreaty o fN ation  Ford.  The t reaty s t i pu l ated t hatthe  Catawbas  re li n quish t he ir  of la nd t othe st ate of Sout h Carolina. The ag reeme n t  allb utdestr oy ed theC ataw ba Nation.  "As a Nati on," S outh  Caro lina go ve rnor D avi dJohnson sa i d of theCataw bas in18 47,"th ey are , in e ffect , di ss olv ed."

Afr i c an - Am er i can  wom en 
Al thou gh the Am e rican Re vol u tion is  f amo u s  for i t sr h etoric oflib ertya n d equality ,  one of the m ost do wntrod den gro u psin  the so on
 patriots_fell heavily_on women. Several Catawbas_also served_as_informal goodwill_ambassadors_to their neighbors._One such person_was Sally New River,_a woman who_enjoyed_both the respect of her people and the affection of local whites. When visitors_arrived_unannounced, Sally_New_River_made sure they were provided_for. She spent much time_with the_Spratt family, whose patriarch was the first white_man_to lease Catawba_land. Fifty years after her death, local whites still_recalled "old aunt Sally" with affection.

Overall,_however, the Catawbas'_role_in_the war has been_termed "rather negligible;" with so few_men to commit to the cause,_it does seem unlikely that the Nation_determined the outcome of any battle._But the significance of their_contribution lay_in their active and visible_support. While their_alliance with_the patriots helped_them fit into a rapidly changing_environment—in 1782, the_state legislature sent the nation five_hundred_bushels of corn_to_tide_them over_until summer and_both_paid them_for_their service in the army and_reimbursed_them for the livestock they had supplied—the_settler's temporarily favorable impression_of_the Catawbas did not_guarantee a secure future. The_Indian's continued indifference to Christianity frustrated_the European_settlers, who_tried to educate select members at the College of William and_Mary in hopes that these people_would return to their_Catawba homes_converted,_and ready to_convert_others. Efforts_failed, refueling popular sentiments about the inferiority_of Indians.

Relations_between the Catawba and the settlers_did not improve in_the_long term, despite the Catawba's decision_to fight with the patriots. After_the revolution, tenants previously renting_land_from_the natives demanded that they_become owners. Throughout the 1830s, the_South Carolina legislature_sent representatives to negotiate the sale of_land._This constant pressure, combined with U.S._government_removal policies, culminated in the spring_of_1840_with the signing of the_Treaty of Nation Ford. The treaty_stipulated that the Catawbas relinquish their  of land_to the state_of South Carolina. The agreement_all_but_destroyed the Catawba Nation. "As a Nation," South Carolina governor_David Johnson_said of the_Catawbas in 1847, "they are, in effect, dissolved."

African-American women 

Although_the American Revolution is famous for its_rhetoric of liberty and equality, one of the most downtrodden groups_in the soon