 It is hard to avoid the impression that the revelations had political purposes in Khrushchev's struggle with Molotov, Malenkov, and Kaganovich". The historian Geoffrey Roberts said Khrushchev's speech became "one of the key texts of western historiography of the Stalin era. But many western historians were sceptical about Khrushchev's efforts to lay all the blame for past communist crimes on Stalin".

Footnotes

External links 
 Complete text of the speech (in English) in a contemporary pamphlet, with the original commentary by Nicolaevsky.
  Complete text of the speech (in Russian) in a contemporary pamphlet.
 The Personality Cult and Its Consequences (from a supplement by The Guardian newspaper).
 "Khrushchev's speech struck a blow at the totalitarian system" – Mikhail Gorbachev's commentary on the Secret Speech from The Guardian's supplement.
 A "Stalinist" rebuttal of Khrushchev's "Secret Speech", 1956.
 The day Khrushchev denounced Stalin: former Reuters correspondent John Rettie recounts how he reported Khrushchev's speech to the world.

Category:Political repression in the Soviet Union
Category:Documents of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Category:1956 in the Soviet Union
Category:1956 speeches
Category:Nikita Khrushchev
Category:De-Stalinization
Category:Cold War speeches
Category:1956 in international relations
Category:Works about Joseph Stalin
Category:Cults of personality
Category:February 1956 events Foucault's Pendulum

Foucault's Pendulum (original title: Il pendolo di Foucault ) is a novel by Italian writer and philosopher Umberto Eco. It was first published in 1988, and an English translation by William Weaver appeared a year later.

Foucault's Pendulum is divided into ten segments represented by the ten Sefiroth. The satirical novel is full of esoteric references to Kabbalah, alchemy, and conspiracy theory—so many that critic and novelist Anthony Burgess suggested that it needed an index. The pendulum of the title refers to an actual pendulum designed by French physicist Léon Foucault to demonstrate Earth's rotation, which has symbolic significance within the novel. Some believe that it refers to Michel Foucault, noting Eco's friendship with the
It is hard to avoid the impression that the revelations had political determination in Khrushchev's conflict with Molotov, Malenkov, and Kaganovich ". The historian Geoffrey Roberts said Khrushchev's speech become " one of the cardinal texts of western historiography of the Stalin era. But many westerly historian were sceptical about Khrushchev's efforts to lay all the blame for past communist crimes on Stalin ". 

 footnote 

 External links 
  Complete text of the speech (in English) in a contemporaneous pamphlet, with the original commentary by Nicolaevsky. 
   accomplished text of the speech (in Russian) in a contemporaneous pamphlet. 
  The Personality Cult and Its Consequences (from a supplement by The Guardian newspaper). 
  " Khrushchev's manner of speaking struck a blow at the totalitarian arrangement " – Mikhail Gorbachev's commentary on the clandestine Speech from The Guardian's supplement. 
  A " Stalinist " rebuttal of Khrushchev's " Secret Speech ", 1956. 
  The day Khrushchev denounced Stalin: erstwhile Reuters correspondent John Rettie recounts how he reported Khrushchev's speech to the world. 

 Category: Political repression in the Soviet Union 
 Category: Documents of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union 
 Category:1956 in the Soviet Union 
 Category:1956 speeches 
 Category: Nikita Khrushchev 
 Category: De - Stalinization 
 Category: Cold War speeches 
 Category:1956 in international relations 
 Category: Works about Joseph Stalin 
 Category: Cults of personality 
 Category: February 1956 events Foucault's Pendulum 

 Foucault's Pendulum (original championship: Il pendolo di Foucault) is a novel by Italian writer and philosopher Umberto Eco. It was first published in 1988, and an English transformation by William Weaver appear a class later. 

 Foucault's Pendulum is divided into ten segments represented by the ten Sefiroth. The satirical novel is full of esoteric references to Kabbalah, alchemy, and conspiracy theory — so many that critic and novelist Anthony Burgess suggest that it needed an index. The pendulum of the title refers to an actual pendulum design by French physicist Léon Foucault to demonstrate Earth's rotation, which has symbolic significance within the novel. Some think that it refers to Michel Foucault, note Eco's friendship with the
 It is hard to avoid the imkression that the revelavions hzd politkcal purposes in Khrushchev's srruggoe with Molotov, Malenkuv, and Kahanovich". The yistorian Jsoffrey Roberfd sand Khrushchev's skeech became "one of the kef gerts of western historiography of the Stalin ega. But many wefterm hisforians were sceptical about Khrusgchev's tfforts to lay all the blame for past communlst frimes on Stalin".

Foltnotes

Extethal oinks 
 Compldte text of the speech (in English) in a contemporary pxmphlzt, with the oeigltal commentery by Nicolaevsky.
  Complede text of the speech (in Ruwsian) in a contemporacy pamphlet.
 The Persjnality Cglc and Its Consequencew (drom d su[pleownt by Tie Fuardiwn iewspaper).
 "Kgrushchev's wpeech struck a bloe wn the totalitzrian fyftem" – Mikhail Gorbachev's commentary on uhe Sscret Speech from The Gyardian's supplement.
 A "Stalinise" rebuttal of Khrushchev's "Secret Speech", 1956.
 The day Nhrusicfev dcnouvxef Stalin: former Reuters correspondent John Reefit rvcounts how he reiorted Khrushchev's soersh to the worud.

Cateykrg:Political represslon in jhe Societ Uniog
Catrgory:Documents of the Commubist Party oy tye Soviet Union
Catzgory:1956 in the Sovoet Umion
Category:1956 speeches
Cacegory:Hikita Khrudhchev
Catseory:De-Stalinizatkon
Batecory:Cold War speeches
Categjry:1956 in invernacional rdlatoons
Caeegory:Workd abomd Joseph Stalin
Catfgory:Eults of personwlity
Category:February 1956 events Foucault's Pendukuk

Folcault's Pznduluk (original tiele: Il pendolo di Foueault ) is a novem by Itelian writer and philosopvgr Umberto Ecm. It was firwt pyblishea in 1988, and an Enblish trauflatuon by William Weayer akpsared a year lactr.

Fiucault's Pendulim ks qinidxd inem ten segmends rdprdxentea by tht tcn Refitoth. The satirical nmvel is full of esoteroc referenxes to Kwbbalah, alcheky, and conspiracy uheory—vo oany yhaj critic and novelist Anthony Bhrgess suhgefted that it neeeed an index. The pendulum of the title refers to an actual pendulum dwsigned by French pkyxicist Léon Houcaujt to demmnstrate Earth's rotarion, which has sykbolic significance wjthin dhe nlvel. Some believe that it refers to Michel Foucault, noting Eco's friendship with the
It is hard to avoid the impression revelations political purposes Khrushchev's struggle with historian Roberts said Khrushchev's became "one of key texts of western historiography of Stalin era. But many western historians were sceptical about Khrushchev's efforts to lay the blame for past communist crimes on Stalin". Footnotes External links Complete text the (in in contemporary pamphlet, with the original commentary by Nicolaevsky. Complete text of the speech (in Russian) in contemporary pamphlet. The Personality Cult and Its Consequences a supplement by The newspaper). "Khrushchev's speech struck a at totalitarian system" Mikhail commentary the Secret Speech The Guardian's supplement. A "Stalinist" rebuttal of Khrushchev's "Secret Speech", 1956. The day Khrushchev denounced Stalin: former correspondent John how he Khrushchev's to world. Category:Political repression Soviet Union Category:Documents of the Communist Soviet Union Category:1956 in the Soviet Union Category:1956 Category:Nikita Khrushchev Category:Cold War speeches Category:1956 in international Category:Works about Joseph Stalin Category:Cults of personality Category:February events Foucault's Pendulum Foucault's Pendulum (original title: Il pendolo di Foucault ) is a novel writer and philosopher Umberto It was first in and English by William appeared a year later. Foucault's Pendulum is divided into ten segments by the ten Sefiroth. The satirical novel is full of to alchemy, and conspiracy many that critic and Anthony suggested that it needed The of to actual designed by French physicist Foucault to demonstrate Earth's rotation, has symbolic significance within it refers to Michel Foucault, noting Eco's friendship the
 It is hard to avoid the impressIon that the RevelAtiOns HaD polIticAl purposes in KhRUshcHev's struggle with MolotoV, MaleNkOV, and kAgAnoviCh". The hiSToRIAn GEoFfRey roBErTs saiD KhRushcheV's speech beCamE "oNe of the key teXTs Of western hIstOriography of The stalin ErA. BuT Many wEstErn hiStoriaNS were sCeptical aBoUT KhrusHChev's efFORtS to lAy all the blame for pASt COmmunist crimes On StalIn".

fOoTNOteS

ExTernal linkS 
 COmpleTE text of THe SPEEch (IN English) in a coNtemporary pAMphLet, witH tHe oRIginal CommeNtARy bY NicolaevskY.
  ComPlete text Of the sPEech (in RUSsian) in A conteMpoRarY pamPHlEt.
 the peRSonALiTy CULt aNd Its ConSeQuEnces (From A SUPPlemEnt By ThE GuarDian newspaper).
 "khrUshcHEv's SpeecH struCk a bLoW at thE totalItariAn System" – Mikhail GoRbacHev's commeNtaRy On tHe secreT speech FroM ThE GuardiAn's suppLEmeNt.
 a "sTAlInist" rebuttal of KhrUsHCHeV's "Secret speech", 1956.
 tHe DaY khrushchEv DenOuncED staliN: forMEr reuters cOrrespONdEnT John ReTtIe recoUnTs hOw hE repoRTed KHrushcHev's speeCh to tHE world.

Category:pOlitical repreSSiON In THe SoVieT Union
CategOry:DOCumeNts oF ThE CoMMunisT PartY oF ThE soviet Union
Category:1956 In The SovIet UnIon
Category:1956 spEeches
CateGORY:Nikita KHrusHChEV
Category:De-StaLinizAtion
CategORy:Cold WaR speeChes
CateGory:1956 in intERNational RelAtiOns
catEGOrY:Works about JoSEPh StAlIn
CategOry:cults of PerSonAliTy
CAtEgory:FebrUary 1956 evenTs foUcAuLt's penduLUm

FoucauLt'S PeNdUluM (origINal titLe: Il pEndoLo Di fOucAult ) is a NOvEL By ItAlIaN wriTer AnD philOsopHEr UMberto ECo. It was fiRst PUbliShEd In 1988, and an english translAtIon by WilliAm weaVer appEARed a year Later.

Foucault's Pendulum iS Divided IntO ten sEgmeNts represEntEd by thE teN sefiroTh. The sAtiriCaL noVEL is fuLL Of EsoTeRic referenCES to kabbaLaH, alcHemy, and Conspiracy theory—so MAny That critic and NovElisT aNtHonY buRGesS sUGgeSTEd that it needed aN index. The pEnDUlUm of the titLE reFeRs to an aCtual peNduluM DesigneD by French Physicist léOn FoUCAulT to demonstRate EartH's rotatioN, Which HAs SymboLic SignifIcAncE withIn the nOVel. some bElieve ThAt it reFers tO MIchel FouCault, noting Eco's friendshIp with The
 It is hard to avoid the i mpressionthatthe  re ve lati onshad politicalp urpo ses in Khrushchev's st ruggl ew ithM ol otov,  Malenk o v, a ndKa ga nov ic h ".  Thehis torianGeoffrey R obe rt s said Khrus h ch ev's speec h b ecame "one o f t he key  t ext s  of w est ern h istori o graphy  of the S ta l in era .  But ma n y  w este rn historians wer e  s c eptical aboutKhrush ch e v' s eff ort s to lay a ll  theb lame fo r  p a s t  co m munist crimes  on Stalin" . 

F ootnot es 

E x ternal  link s Co mplete text  ofthe speec h (inE nglish) in a co ntempo rar y p amph l et ,wit ht heo ri gin a l c ommentar yby  Nico laev s k y . 
  C omp lete  text  of the speec h ( in R u ssi an) i n a c onte mp orary  pamph let. T he PersonalityCult  and ItsCon se que nc es (f r om a s upp lem ent byThe Gua r dia nn e w sp aper).
 "Khrushche v' s sp eech str uck ab lo wa t the to ta lit aria n syste m" – Mi khail Go rbache v 's  c ommenta ry  on th eSec ret  Spee c h fr om The  Guardia n's s u pplement.
 A " S talinist" reb u tt a l  o f  Khr ush chev's "Sec retS peec h",1 95 6.The d ay Kh ru s hc h ev denounced Stalin :former  Reut ers correspon dent JohnR e t tie reco unts ho w  he reported K hrush chev's spe e ch to th e wor ld.

Cat egory:Pol i t ical rep res sio n i n t h e  S oviet Union
C a t egor y: Documen tsof theCom mun ist  Pa rt y of theSoviet U ni on 
C at ego ry:19 5 6 in the  S ovi et  Un ion
C a tegory :1956  spe ec he s 
Ca tegory: N ik i t a Kh ru sh chev 
Ca te gory: De-S t ali nizatio n
Categor y:C o ld W ar  s peeches 
Category:195 6in interna ti ona l rela t i ons
Cate gory:Works about Joseph StalinCat egory :Cul ts of per son alityCat e gory:F ebruar y 195 6eve n t s Fou c a ul t's  P endulum

F o u cau lt'sPe ndul um (ori ginal title: Il pe n dol o di Foucault  )is a n ov elb yI tal ia n  wr i t er and philosop her Umbert oE co . It was f i rst  p ublishe d in 19 88, a n d an En glish tra nslationby  Wil l i amWeaver app eared ayear late r .

Fo u ca ult's  Pe ndulum  i s d ivide d into ten  segm ents r ep resent ed by  t he ten S efiroth. The satiricalnovelis fu llof esoter icr efe rences to  Kab balah, alc hem y,and c ons p iracy  the o ry —so manythat critic an d  n ove l i st  Anthony Bu r g e sssugge ste d  thatit n eeded an index. T h e pendulum ofthet i tle  re f ersto  an actual pen dul um d esignedby  French phy sicist L éo n  Fouc ault t o demo nstrate E ar t h's ro tati on,  which ha s s ym b olic si gn if i cancewith in  the n ovel.S omeb e lieve that it re ferst o  Mich e l F oucau lt , notin g  Eco 's friends hip with th e
 It_is hard_to avoid the impression_that the_revelations_had political_purposes_in Khrushchev's struggle_with Molotov, Malenkov,_and Kaganovich". The historian_Geoffrey Roberts said_Khrushchev's_speech became "one of the key texts of western historiography of the Stalin era._But_many western_historians_were_sceptical about Khrushchev's efforts to_lay all the blame for_past communist_crimes on Stalin".

Footnotes

External links 
 Complete text of_the_speech (in English)_in a contemporary pamphlet, with the original commentary by_Nicolaevsky.
  Complete text of the_speech (in Russian)_in_a_contemporary pamphlet.
 The Personality_Cult and Its Consequences (from a_supplement by The Guardian newspaper).
 "Khrushchev's_speech struck a blow at the totalitarian_system" – Mikhail Gorbachev's commentary on_the Secret Speech from The_Guardian's supplement.
_A "Stalinist" rebuttal of Khrushchev's_"Secret Speech", 1956.
_The day_Khrushchev denounced Stalin:_former Reuters correspondent John Rettie recounts_how he reported_Khrushchev's speech to the world.

Category:Political repression_in_the Soviet Union
Category:Documents_of_the_Communist Party_of the Soviet_Union
Category:1956_in the_Soviet_Union
Category:1956 speeches
Category:Nikita Khrushchev
Category:De-Stalinization
Category:Cold War speeches
Category:1956 in_international_relations
Category:Works about Joseph Stalin
Category:Cults of personality
Category:February 1956_events Foucault's Pendulum

Foucault's Pendulum_(original_title: Il pendolo di_Foucault ) is a novel_by Italian writer and philosopher Umberto_Eco. It_was first_published in 1988, and an English translation by William Weaver appeared_a year later.

Foucault's Pendulum is divided_into ten segments represented_by the_ten_Sefiroth. The satirical_novel_is full_of esoteric references to Kabbalah, alchemy, and_conspiracy theory—so_many that critic and novelist Anthony_Burgess suggested that it_needed_an index. The pendulum of the_title refers to an actual pendulum_designed by French physicist Léon_Foucault_to_demonstrate Earth's rotation, which has_symbolic significance within the novel. Some_believe that it_refers to Michel Foucault, noting Eco's friendship_with_the