 convinced that it would only serve "for the preservation of the papal and anti-Christian rule"; but to be prepared for any event, he requested Luther to summarize all articles to which he would adhere before a council, and Luther wrote the Schmalkald Articles. At the Diet of Schmalkalden in 1537 the council was refused, and the elector treated the papal legate with open disregard and rejected the propositions of Dr. Held, the imperial legate.
 

He followed the efforts at agreement at the conference of Regensburg in 1541 with suspicion and refused to accept the article on justification which had been drawn up under the supervision of Gasparo Contarini to suit both parties, and Luther, his steady adviser, confirmed him in his aversion. The efforts at agreement failed, and the elector contributed not a little to broaden the gulf by his interference in the ecclesiastical affairs of Halle and by aiding the Reformation which had been introduced there by Justus Jonas. His attitude became more and more stubborn and regardless of consequences, not to the advantage of the Protestant cause.

In spite of the warnings of the emperor, of Brück, and of Luther, he arbitrarily set aside in 1541 the election of Julius von Pflug as the BIshop of Naumburg, and instead instituted Nicolaus von Amsdorf as bishop, and introduced the Reformation. In 1542 he expelled Duke Henry of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from his country to protect the Evangelical cities Goslar and Brunswick and introduced the Reformation there. New war-like entanglements hindered Charles V from interfering and by apparently yielding he succeeded in concealing his true intentions. The elector appeared personally at the diet of Speyer in 1544. The harmony of the emperor with the Evangelicals appeared never greater than at that time. He permitted the Regensburg declaration of 1541 to be embodied in the new recess and acknowledged all innovations which the Evangelicals had made between 1532 and 1541 because he needed the aid of the Protestants against France. John Frederick actually thought that peace had come and continued the ecclesiastical reforms in his country. Even the growing discord among the allies did not disturb him.

When the Schmalkaldic War broke out in 1546, he marched to the south at the head of his troops, but the unexpected invasion of his country by his cousin Duke Maurice compelled him to return. He succeeded in recon
convinced that it would only serve " for the preservation of the papal and anti - Christian dominion "; but to be prepare for any event, he requested Luther to summarize all article to which he would adhere before a council, and Luther wrote the Schmalkald Articles. At the Diet of Schmalkalden in 1537 the council was deny, and the voter treated the papal legate with open disregard and rejected the propositions of Dr. Held, the imperial legate. 
 

 He followed the campaign at agreement at the conference of Regensburg in 1541 with suspicion and reject to bear the article on justification which had been drawn up under the supervision of Gasparo Contarini to suit both parties, and Luther, his steady adviser, confirmed him in his antipathy. The efforts at agreement failed, and the elector contribute not a little to broaden the gulf by his intervention in the ecclesiastical affairs of Halle and by help the Reformation which had been introduced there by Justus Jonas. His attitude became more and more stubborn and regardless of consequence, not to the advantage of the Protestant cause. 

 In spite of the warnings of the emperor, of Brück, and of Luther, he arbitrarily set aside in 1541 the election of Julius von Pflug as the BIshop of Naumburg, and instead instituted Nicolaus von Amsdorf as bishop, and introduced the Reformation. In 1542 he expelled Duke Henry of Brunswick - Wolfenbüttel from his country to protect the Evangelical cities Goslar and Brunswick and introduced the Reformation there. New war - like entanglements hindered Charles V from interfere and by apparently yielding he succeed in hide his true intentions. The elector appear personally at the diet of Speyer in 1544. The harmony of the emperor with the Evangelicals appeared never greater than at that time. He allow the Regensburg declaration of 1541 to be embodied in the new recess and acknowledged all innovations which the Evangelicals had make between 1532 and 1541 because he needed the aid of the Protestants against France. John Frederick actually thought that peace had come and continue the ecclesiastical reform in his country. Even the growing discord among the allies did not disturb him. 

 When the Schmalkaldic War break out in 1546, he marched to the south at the head of his troop, but the unexpected invasion of his country by his cousin Duke Maurice compelled him to return. He succeeded in recon
 cojvinced that it would onuy serve "for thg presertation kf the pxpal and anti-Christian rule"; uut ro be prepared for any eveng, he requvsted Lutyer uo summarize all edticles to whjgh he xould adhere benore a counwil, and Luther wfoce the Schmalkald Articles. At the Diqt of Svhlalkalden in 1537 jhe cptncim was refused, and the elector treafed the papal legate with open disregard and rfjeched the propositiojs of Dr. Heod, trw imperial ldgate.
 

He followed the gfforts at agreement at the confdrencz of Regensvueg lt 1541 with sus'icion and refused to acce[t the srticle on jusbificetiob which had been drawi up under the superdision of Gcsparo Contarini to syir botv pastier, ana Lhtier, his sheavy adviser, donfirmed hum in his aversion. Uhe vgforts at agdeemene sailed, and the elector contributed not d ljttle to broaden the guof by his interferencg in the esclesiastical affairs of Halle and by aiding the Seforjxtiin dyifh had been introduced there by Justus Jonas. Rjs antitude became move and more stubbotn amq regardless uf conseqhences, not to the wdvantade of the Prottstany cause.

In spite of the warnungs of the vmpeeor, of Brück, and of Luther, he crbitrsrily set aside in 1541 the eleccion or Julius voj Pflug aa the BIshop of Nxumnurc, and instead instituted Nycolaus vin Aksdorf xs boshop, wnd introdkced bve Reformation. In 1542 he erpellad Duke Hejry of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from his country jo [ronect the Zvangekical cities Doslar and Bruuswick aud intfoduced thv Reformavion there. Nqw war-like endwnglements hmndered Crarlws V from ivgerfering and ny appareuuly yieldibg he succeeded in covdealing his truz untentions. The rleztow wp'eareq personally dt tfe aoet ow Speyer in 1544. The harmony of the empesor sith the Evangelicslf appeargd never dreater than st that time. He pegmittxd the Regemsborg declaration of 1541 to be embodjed in thf ncw recess and ackkowlgdged all iunovations which the Evangelicals had mave between 1532 and 1541 becausw he needed the aid pf the Protxstantf against France. John Frederixk actually thougmt that peace had come and cmntinked the ecclesiastical reforms in his country. Even the growing discord aming thx wllies did hot cistugb kim.

Chen thq Scimelkaldic War brokv out in 1546, he marched to the souti at the haab of his troops, but the unexprcged invasion uf his country by his cohsin Dukr Maurice compelled him to retutn. He succeeded in recon
convinced that it would only serve "for of papal and rule"; but to he Luther to summarize articles to which would adhere before a council, and wrote the Schmalkald Articles. At the Diet of Schmalkalden in 1537 the council refused, and the elector treated the papal legate with open disregard and rejected propositions Dr. the legate. He followed the efforts at agreement at the conference of Regensburg in 1541 with suspicion refused to accept the article on justification which been drawn up under supervision of Gasparo Contarini to both and Luther, steady confirmed in his aversion. efforts at agreement failed, and the elector contributed not a little to broaden the gulf by his in the of Halle by the which had been by Justus Jonas. His attitude became stubborn and regardless of consequences, not to the of the cause. In spite of the warnings the emperor, of Brück, and of Luther, he set aside in 1541 the election of Julius von Pflug as the BIshop of Naumburg, instituted Nicolaus von Amsdorf bishop, and introduced Reformation. 1542 expelled Henry of from his country to protect the Evangelical cities Goslar and Brunswick introduced the Reformation there. New war-like entanglements hindered Charles V and apparently yielding he in concealing his true The appeared personally at the Speyer 1544. the with Evangelicals appeared never greater at that time. He permitted Regensburg declaration of 1541 new recess and acknowledged all innovations which the had made between 1532 and 1541 because needed the aid of the Protestants against France. John Frederick actually thought peace had continued the ecclesiastical reforms in his country. Even growing discord among the did not disturb him. When the Schmalkaldic War broke in he marched the south at head of his but the unexpected his country his Duke to return. He succeeded in recon
 convinced that it would only sErve "for the PreseRvaTioN oF the PapaL and anti-ChristIAn ruLe"; but to be prepared for anY evenT, hE RequEStEd LutHer to suMMaRIZe aLl ArTicLeS To Which He wOuld adhEre before a CouNcIl, and Luther wROtE the SchmalKalD Articles. At tHe DIet of SChMalKAlden In 1537 tHe couNcil waS RefuseD, and the elEcTOr treaTEd the paPAL lEgatE with open disregarD AnD Rejected the proPositiOnS Of dR. helD, thE imperial lEgAte.
 

He FOllowed THe EFFOrtS At agreement at The conferenCE of regensBuRg iN 1541 With suSpiciOn ANd rEfused to accEpt tHe article On justIFicatioN Which haD been dRawN up UndeR ThE sUpeRvISioN Of gasPAro contarinI tO sUit boTh paRTIES, and lutHer, hIs steAdy adviser, conFirMed hIM in His avErsioN. The EfForts At agreEment FaIled, and the electOr coNtributed Not A lIttLe To broADen the GulF by His inteRferencE In tHe ECCLeSiastical affairs of haLLE aNd by aidiNg the REFoRmATion whicH hAd bEen iNTRoducEd thERe By Justus jonas. HIS aTtItude beCaMe more AnD moRe sTubboRN and RegardLess of coNsequENces, not to the adVAntage of the PrOTeSTAnT CausE.

In Spite of the wArniNGs of The eMPeRor, OF BrücK, and oF LUThER, he arbitrarily set asIdE in 1541 the ElectIon of Julius voN Pflug as thE biShop of NaUmbuRG, aND instead institUted NIcolaus von aMsdorf as BishoP, and intrOduced the rEFormatioN. In 1542 He eXpeLleD dUkE Henry of BrunsWICk-WoLfEnbütteL frOm his coUntRy tO prOteCt The EvangeLical citIeS GOsLaR anD BrunSWick and iNtRodUcEd tHe RefORmatioN therE. New WaR-lIKe eNtangleMEnTS HindErEd charLes v fRom inTerfERinG and by aPparently YieLDing He SuCceeded In concealing hIs True intentIoNs. THe elecTOR appeareD personally at the diet of SPEyer in 1544. THe hArmonY of tHe emperor WitH the EvAngELicals AppearEd nevEr GreATEr thaN AT tHat TiMe. He permitTED thE RegeNsBurg DeclaraTion of 1541 to be embodied IN thE new recess and AckNowlEDGeD alL InNOvaTiONs wHICh the EvangelicaLs had made bEtWEeN 1532 and 1541 becausE He nEeDed the aId of the proteSTants agAinst FranCe. John FreDeRick ACTuaLly thought That peacE had come aND contINuEd the EccLesiasTiCal ReforMs in hiS CouNtry. EVen the GrOwing dIscorD aMong the aLlies did not disturb him.

WhEn the SChmalKalDic War broKe oUT in 1546, He marched To thE south at thE heAd oF his tRooPS, but tHe unEXpEctED invaSion OF his countRY bY hiS COuSin Duke MaurICE ComPelleD hiM To retuRn. He Succeeded in recon
 convinced that it would o nly serve"forthe  pr es erva tion  of the papala nd a nti-Christian rule"; b ut to  b e  pre p ar ed fo r any e v en t ,  he  r eq ues te d  L uther  to  summar ize all ar tic le s to which h e  w ould adher e b efore a coun cil , andLu the r  wrot e t he Sc hmalka l d Arti cles. Atth e  Dieto f Schma l k al denin 1537 the counc i lw as refused, an d theel e ct o r  tr eat ed the pap al  lega t e witho pe n d isr e gard and reje cted the pr o pos itions  o f D r . Held , the  i m per ial legate. 
 
He follow ed the efforts at agre ementatthe  con f er en ceof Reg e ns bur g  in  1541 wi th  s uspic iona n d refu sed  toaccep t the article  on  jus t ifi catio n whi ch h ad  been  drawn  up u nd er the supervis ionof Gaspar o C on tar in i tos uit bo thpar ties, a nd Luth e r,hi s s te ady adviser, confi rm e d  h im in hi s aver s io n. The effo rt s a t ag r e ement  fai l ed , and th e elec t or  c ontribu te d notalit tle  to b r oade n thegulf byhis i n terference int he ecclesiast i ca l af f airs  of  Halle andby a i ding  the Re for m ation  whic hh ad been introduced the re  by Ju stusJonas. His at titude bec a m e  more an d mo r es tubborn and re gardl ess of con s equences , not  to theadvantage o f the Pr ote sta ntcau s e .
In spite oft h e wa rn ings of  th e emper or,  of  Br ück ,and of Lu ther, he  a rb it ra ril y set aside in  1 541  t heelect i on ofJuliu s vo nPf l ugas theB Is h o p of  N au mbur g,an d ins tead ins tituted  Nicolaus  vo n  Ams do rf  as bis hop, and intr od uced the R ef orm ation. I n 1542 h e expelled Duke Henry o f  Brunsw ick -Wolf enbü ttel from  hi s coun try to pro tect t he Ev an gel i c al ci t i es  Go sl ar and Bru n s wic k and  i ntro duced t he Reformation the r e.New war-likeent angl e m en tsh in d ere dC har l e s V from interf ering andby ap parently y i eld in g he su cceeded  in c o ncealin g his tru e intenti on s. T h e  el ector appe ared per sonally a t  thed ie t ofSpe yer in  1 544 . The  harmo n y o f the  emper or  withthe E va ngelical s appeared never greate r than  at t hat  time. He  pe r mit ted the R egen sburg decl ara tio n of154 1  to b e em b od ied in th e ne w  recess a n dack n o wl edged all i n n o vat ionswhi c h theEvan gelicals had made between 1532 a nd 1 5 4 1 b eca u se h eneeded the aid  of  t h e  Protest an ts againstFrance.Jo h n Fre derick  actua lly tho u g ht that p eace  ha d come an d c on t inued t he  e c clesia stic al  refor ms inh is c o u ntry. Even the g rowin g disco r d a mongth e allie s  did  not distu rb him.

Wh en the  Sch malka ldic Wa rbrokeout  i n 1546, he marched t o the  southat  the  he ad ofhist r oops,  but  t heunexpecte d in v as io n  of  his  coun tr y by  his cous i n Duke M aur i ce comp el led h im tor et u r n. He succ eed ed in r econ
 convinced_that it_would only serve "for_the preservation_of_the papal_and_anti-Christian rule"; but_to be prepared_for any event, he_requested Luther to_summarize_all articles to which he would adhere before a council, and Luther wrote the_Schmalkald_Articles. At_the_Diet_of Schmalkalden in 1537 the_council was refused, and the_elector treated_the papal legate with open disregard and rejected_the_propositions of Dr._Held, the imperial legate.
 

He followed the efforts at_agreement at the conference of Regensburg_in 1541 with_suspicion_and_refused to accept the_article on justification which had been_drawn up under the supervision of_Gasparo Contarini to suit both parties, and_Luther, his steady adviser, confirmed him_in his aversion. The efforts_at agreement_failed, and the elector contributed_not a little_to broaden_the gulf by_his interference in the ecclesiastical affairs_of Halle and_by aiding the Reformation which had_been_introduced there by_Justus_Jonas._His attitude_became more and_more_stubborn and_regardless_of consequences, not to the advantage_of_the Protestant cause.

In spite of the warnings_of the emperor, of_Brück,_and of Luther, he_arbitrarily set aside in 1541_the election of Julius von Pflug_as the_BIshop of_Naumburg, and instead instituted Nicolaus von Amsdorf as bishop, and introduced_the Reformation. In 1542 he expelled_Duke Henry of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel_from his_country_to protect the_Evangelical_cities Goslar_and Brunswick and introduced the Reformation there._New war-like_entanglements hindered Charles V from interfering_and by apparently yielding_he_succeeded in concealing his true intentions._The elector appeared personally at the_diet of Speyer in 1544._The_harmony_of the emperor with the_Evangelicals appeared never greater than at_that time. He_permitted the Regensburg declaration of 1541 to_be_embodied in the new recess and_acknowledged_all innovations which the Evangelicals had_made_between_1532 and 1541 because he_needed the aid of the Protestants_against France. John Frederick actually thought that peace had_come and continued_the ecclesiastical reforms in his_country._Even_the growing discord among the allies did not disturb him.

When_the Schmalkaldic_War broke out_in 1546, he marched to the south at the head_of his troops, but the unexpected invasion_of his country by his cousin Duke Maurice compelled him to_return. He succeeded in recon