, which was designed to provide widespread radar coverage of the entire British Isles and defend that airspace using a combination of interceptor aircraft and anti-aircraft artillery.

In 1953, as part of continual modifications to the ROTOR concept, the anti-aircraft artillery was to be replaced by surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), or as they are known in the UK, surface-to-air guided weapons (SAGW). As SAMs were new technology, it was planned these would be deployed in two stages, an interim Stage 1 design with range on the order of, and some time after that, a greatly improved Stage 2 missile with much longer range.

Two designs were entered for the Stage 1 missile contract, English Electric's rocket-powered Red Shoes and Bristol Aerospace's ramjet-powered Red Duster. The Ministry of Supply decided to develop both systems, although at the time they were very similar designs and even sharing the same Marconi designed radar systems. Red Shoes emerged as the  ranged Thunderbird, while Red Duster became the  ranged Bloodhound.

Green Sparkler
Work on the Stage 2 missile did not begin until sometime later, initially under the name Green Sparker. Stage 2 was tasked with effectively countering bomber aircraft flying at supersonic speeds at very high altitudes that were potentially launching stand-off missiles from hundreds of miles range. In order to stop these attacks before they reached their targets, the missile had to have long range.

Green Sparker had a design range of over, beyond what could be effectively guided using a semi-active radar homing like the ones used on Thunderbird and Bloodhound. Instead, Green Sparkler used command guidance for much of the mission, switching to an active radar seeker in the last  of the approach. Two seekers were considered, one using a continuous wave radar with separate transmit and receive dishes in the nose, and another using a pulse doppler radar using a single dish.

Some consideration was given to using the US's BOMARC for the Stage 2 role. This was ultimately rejected because while the BOMARC had an active radar seeker, it was (at that time) a simple pulse unit that would be very easy to jam using the recently-introduced carcinotron. They also considered the  range excessive, given that the AMES Type 80 radars that would be providing initial aiming had a range of just over 200 nmi
, which was designed to provide widespread radar coverage of the entire British Isles and maintain that airspace use a combination of interceptor aircraft and anti - aircraft artillery. 

 In 1953, as part of continual modifications to the ROTOR concept, the anti - aircraft weapon was to be replaced by surface - to - air missile (SAMs), or as they are known in the UK, surface - to - breeze guided weapons (SAGW). As surface-to-air missile were new technology, it was planned these would be deployed in two stage, an interim Stage 1 design with range on the order of, and some time after that, a greatly better Stage 2 missile with much retentive range. 

 Two designs were entered for the Stage 1 projectile contract, English Electric's rocket - power Red Shoes and Bristol Aerospace's ramjet - powered Red Duster. The Ministry of Supply decided to develop both systems, although at the fourth dimension they were very similar designs and even sharing the same Marconi designed radar system. Red Shoes emerged as the   ranged Thunderbird, while Red Duster became the   ranged Bloodhound. 

 Green Sparkler 
 Work on the Stage 2 missile did not begin until sometime later, initially under the name Green Sparker. Stage 2 was tasked with efficaciously counter bomber aircraft flying at supersonic speed at very gamey altitudes that were potentially launching rack - off missile from hundreds of miles compass. In order to stop these attacks before they reached their targets, the missile accept to have long range. 

 Green Sparker had a invention range of all over, beyond what could be efficaciously steer using a semi - active radar homing like the ones used on Thunderbird and Bloodhound. Instead, Green Sparkler used command steering for much of the mission, trade to an active radar seeker in the last   of the approach. Two seeker were considered, one use a continuous wave radar with separate transmit and receive dish in the nose, and another use a pulse doppler radar practice a single cup of tea. 

 Some consideration was given to using the US's BOMARC for the Stage 2 role. This was ultimately reject because while the BOMARC had an active radar seeker, it was (at that fourth dimension) a simple pulse unit that would be very easy to jam use the recently - introduced carcinotron. They also see the   range excessive, given that the AMES Type 80 radars that would be providing initial aiming had a range of just over 200   nmi
, whlch was designed to provlde widespread rcear coterage kf the evtire British Isles and defeid tyat aurspace using a combinxtion of pnterceptir amrcraft and anti-ejrcraft artilmcry.

In 1953, as part of coktinual modhfications to dhd XOTOR concept, the anti-aircraft artiljery wax ho be replaced by xtrfadv-ti-air missiles (SAMs), or as they are knmwn in the UK, surface-to-air guided weapojs (SWGW). As SAMs were nfw technoloty, ie was planned these would be deploygd in two stages, an interim Stagd 1 dexign with tcbge mn the ordec of, agd some time after tvat, a gteatly improvec Svage 2 missile with much lmnger range.

Two desygns were eutered for the Stage 1 mussilg condracg, Eneliah Emectrif's cocket-powersd Red Shoew and Bristol Aeroskacq'w ramjet-powersd Red Dtster. The Ministry of Supply decided to debelop both systems, althiugh at the time they were verr similar designs and even sharing the same Marcoti deakgntd radaf sjstems. Red Shoes emerged as the  ranged Thundqdborc, while Red Dufter became tje  ranged Bloodfound.

Gxseh Sparkler
Work on hhe Stade 2 mussile diq noy begin until sometime latee, initially lndee the name Green S'arker. Stage 2 wax tasled with effectively cobnterihg bomber alrcraft fmhing at supersonkc xpaeds at very high altitudef that wece pocentiallh laonching stand-off lissiles from hundreds ov milgs rance. In ordeg to stop these attacks before viey reached tnehr nargets, tke misxile had to hwve long range.

Yreen Spcrker fad a desifn rangx of over, berond what counf be effectitely guidqd uwing a semi-xztive radar hoking like the ones ysed on Thunderbirv ana Bloodhound. Insctad, Green Sparkler usdd solmend gthdance for mgch uf gne mirsion, switcmine to an active radar seener jn the last  of thr wpproach. Two seehers were conxidered, one using w convinuour wavr rwdar with separate transmit ans receive difhes in the gose, and another using a pulse doppler radar using a siigle dish.

Some considerarion was given to uxlng the US's UOMARC for the Vtage 2 role. This was ultimately rejecued because while the BKMARC vad aj active radar seeker, it was (at that time) a simple pulse unit that would ve verb qasy to jam usimg thv rzceutly-intwodurev carcinotron. Thej also considered the  range excxssive, givan that the AMES Type 80 radars yhxt would be ptoviding initial aiming has a rangr of just over 200 nmi
, which was designed to provide widespread of entire British and defend that interceptor and anti-aircraft artillery. 1953, as part continual modifications to the ROTOR concept, anti-aircraft artillery was to be replaced by surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), or as they known in the UK, surface-to-air guided weapons (SAGW). As SAMs were new technology, was these be in two stages, an interim Stage 1 design with range on the order of, and some after that, a greatly improved Stage 2 missile much longer range. Two were entered for the Stage missile English Electric's Red and Aerospace's ramjet-powered Red The Ministry of Supply decided to develop both systems, although at the time they were very similar and even same Marconi radar Red emerged as the while Red Duster became the ranged Work on the Stage 2 missile did not until sometime initially under the name Green Sparker. 2 was tasked with effectively countering bomber aircraft at supersonic speeds at very high altitudes that were potentially launching stand-off missiles from hundreds range. In order to these attacks before reached targets, missile to have range. Green Sparker had a design range of over, beyond what be effectively guided using a semi-active radar homing like the on and Bloodhound. Instead, Sparkler used command guidance much the mission, switching to radar in the Two were considered, one using continuous wave radar with separate and receive dishes in a pulse doppler radar using a single dish. consideration was given to using the US's for the Stage 2 role. This was ultimately rejected because while the had an seeker, it was (at that time) a simple unit that would be easy to jam using the recently-introduced carcinotron. They also the excessive, given the AMES Type radars that would providing initial aiming range of over nmi
, which was designed to provide Widespread Radar CovEraGe Of thE entIre British IsleS And dEfend that airspace using A combInATion OF iNtercEptor aiRCrAFT anD aNtI-aiRcRAfT artiLleRy.

In 1953, as pArt of contiNuaL mOdifications TO tHe ROTOR conCepT, the anti-aircRafT artilLeRy wAS to be RepLaced By surfACe-to-aiR missiles (sAmS), or as tHEy are knOWN iN the uK, surface-to-air guiDEd WEapons (SAGW). As SAms were NeW TeCHNolOgy, It was plannEd These WOuld be dEPlOYED in TWo stages, an intErim Stage 1 deSIgn With raNgE on THe ordeR of, anD sOMe tIme after thaT, a grEatly imprOved StAGe 2 missiLE with muCh longEr rAngE.

Two DEsIgNs wErE EntEReD foR The stage 1 misSiLe ContrAct, ENGLISh ElEctRic's RockeT-powered Red ShOes And BRIstOl AerOspacE's raMjEt-powEred ReD DustEr. the Ministry of SuPply Decided to DevElOp bOtH systEMs, althOugH at The time They werE VerY sIMILaR designs and even shaRiNG ThE same MarConi deSIgNeD Radar sysTeMs. REd ShOES emerGed aS ThE  ranged THunderBIrD, wHile Red duSter beCaMe tHe  rAnged bLoodHound.

GReen SparKler
WORk on the Stage 2 miSSile did not begIN uNTIl SOmetIme Later, initiaLly uNDer tHe naME GReeN sparkEr. StaGe 2 WAs TAsked with effectivelY cOunterIng boMber aircraft fLying at supERSOnic speeDs at VErY High altitudes tHat weRe potentiaLLy launchIng stAnd-off miSsiles froM HUndreds oF miLes RanGe. IN ORdEr to stop these ATTackS bEfore thEy rEached tHeiR taRgeTs, tHe Missile haD to have lOnG rAnGe.

greEn SpaRKer had a dEsIgn RaNge Of oveR, Beyond What cOuld Be EfFEctIvely guIDeD USing A sEmI-actIve RaDar hoMing LIke The ones Used on ThuNdeRBird AnD BLoodhouNd. Instead, GreeN SParkler useD cOmmAnd guiDANce for muCh of the mission, switching TO an actiVe rAdar sEekeR in the lasT  of The appRoaCH. Two seEkers wEre coNsIdeRED, one uSINg A coNtInuous wave RADar With sEpAratE transmIt and receive dishes IN thE nose, and anothEr uSing A PUlSe dOPpLEr rAdAR usING a single dish.

SomE consideraTiON wAs given to uSIng ThE US's BOMaRC for tHe StaGE 2 role. ThIs was ultiMately rejEcTed bECAusE while the BoMARC had An active rADar seEKeR, it waS (at That tiMe) A siMple pUlse unIT thAt wouLd be veRy Easy to Jam usInG the receNtly-introduced carcinotrOn. They Also cOnsIdered the  RanGE exCessive, giVen tHat the AMES typE 80 raDars tHat WOuld bE proVIdIng INitiaL aimINg had a ranGE oF juST OvEr 200 nmi
, which was designed to pr ovide wide sprea d r ada rcove rage  of the entire Brit ish Isles and defend t hat a ir s pace us ing a  combin a ti o n  of  i nt erc ep t or  airc raf t and a nti-aircra ftar tillery.

In 19 53, as par t o f continualmod ificat io nst o the  RO TOR c oncept ,  the a nti-aircr af t  artil l ery was t obe r eplaced by surfac e -t o -air missiles(SAMs) ,o ra s  th eyare knownin  theU K, surf a ce - t o -ai r  guided weapo ns (SAGW).A s S AMs we re  ne w  techn ology ,i t w as plannedthes e would b e depl o yed int wo stag es, an  in ter im S t ag e1 d es i gnw it h r a nge  on theor de r of,  and s o m e ti meafte r tha t, a greatlyimp rove d  St age 2  miss ilewi th mu ch lon ger r an ge.

Two design s we re entere d f or  th eStage 1 miss ile  co ntract,  Englis h  El ec t r i c' s rocket-powered R ed S ho es and B ristol Ae ro s pace's r am jet -pow e r ed Re d Du s te r. The M inistr y  o fSupplyde cidedto  de vel op bo t h sy stems,  althoug h att he time they w e re very simil a rd e si g ns a ndeven sharin g th e  sam e Ma r co nid esign ed ra da r  s y stems. Red Shoes em er ged as  the ranged Thund erbird, wh i l e  Red Dus terb ec a me the  ranged  Bloo dhound.

G r een Spar klerWork onthe Stage 2  missile  di d n otbeg i n  u ntil sometime l ater ,initial lyunder t henam e G ree nSparker.Stage 2wa sta sk edwithe ffective ly  co un ter ing b o mber a ircra ft f ly in g  at  supers o ni c spee ds  a t ve ryhi gh al titu d esthat we re potent ial l y la un ch ing sta nd-off missil es  from hund re dsof mil e s  range.In order to stop thesea ttacksbef ore t heyreached t hei r targ ets ,  the m issile  hadto  ha v e  long r an ge. 
Green Spar k e r h ad ade sign  rangeof over, beyond wh a t c ould be effec tiv elyg u id edu si n g a  s e mi- a c tive radar homi ng like th eo ne s used onT hun de rbird a nd Bloo dhoun d . Inste ad, Green  Sparkler  u sedc o mma nd guidanc e for mu ch of the missi o n,  swit chi ng toan  ac tiveradars eek er in  the l as t  ofthe a pp roach. T wo seekers were conside red, o ne us ing  a contin uou s  wa ve radarwith  separatetra nsm it an d r e ceive  dis h es  in the n ose, and anoth e rusi n g  a  pulse dopp l e r  ra dar u sin g  a sin gledish.

Some consi d eration was gi vent o  us ing theUS 's BOMARC forthe  S t a ge 2 rol e.  This was u ltimatel yr eject ed bec ause w hile th e BO M ARC ha d an  ac tive rada r s ee k er, itwa s( at tha t ti me ) a si mple p u lseu n it that would be  very e asy t o  ja m usi ng  the re c entl y-introduc ed carcinot ron. T heyalsoconside re d the ra ng e excessiv e , given t hat t he AMES  T ype80radars  tha t would  bepr ovi ding init i a la im in g  ha d arange  o f ju st over 2 0 0 nmi
, which_was designed_to provide widespread radar_coverage of_the_entire British_Isles_and defend that_airspace using a_combination of interceptor aircraft_and anti-aircraft artillery.

In_1953,_as part of continual modifications to the ROTOR concept, the anti-aircraft artillery was to_be_replaced by_surface-to-air_missiles_(SAMs), or as they are_known in the UK, surface-to-air_guided weapons_(SAGW). As SAMs were new technology, it was_planned_these would be_deployed in two stages, an interim Stage 1 design_with range on the order of,_and some time_after_that,_a greatly improved Stage_2 missile with much longer range.

Two_designs were entered for the Stage_1 missile contract, English Electric's rocket-powered Red_Shoes and Bristol Aerospace's ramjet-powered Red_Duster. The Ministry of Supply_decided to_develop both systems, although at_the time they_were very_similar designs and_even sharing the same Marconi designed_radar systems. Red_Shoes emerged as the  ranged_Thunderbird,_while Red Duster_became_the_ ranged_Bloodhound.

Green Sparkler
Work on_the_Stage 2_missile_did not begin until sometime later,_initially_under the name Green Sparker. Stage 2_was tasked with effectively_countering_bomber aircraft flying at_supersonic speeds at very high_altitudes that were potentially launching stand-off_missiles from_hundreds of_miles range. In order to stop these attacks before they reached_their targets, the missile had to_have long range.

Green Sparker_had a_design_range of over,_beyond_what could_be effectively guided using a semi-active radar_homing like_the ones used on Thunderbird and_Bloodhound. Instead, Green Sparkler_used_command guidance for much of the_mission, switching to an active radar_seeker in the last _of_the_approach. Two seekers were considered,_one using a continuous wave radar_with separate transmit_and receive dishes in the nose, and_another_using a pulse doppler radar using_a_single dish.

Some consideration was given to_using_the_US's BOMARC for the Stage_2 role. This was ultimately rejected_because while the BOMARC had an active radar seeker,_it was (at_that time) a simple pulse_unit_that_would be very easy to jam using the recently-introduced carcinotron._They also_considered the _range excessive, given that the AMES Type 80 radars that_would be providing initial aiming had a_range of just over 200 nmi