 database. Further, when a SQL query is executed, it is executed once on the finite data set and produces a finite static result. Databases are thus best equipped to run queries over finite stored data sets.
A number of modern applications and systems however generate data in the form of continuous data or event streams instead of a finite data set. Examples of such applications include but are not limited to sensor data applications, financial tickers, network performance measuring tools (e.g. network monitoring and traffic management applications), clickstream analysis tools, automobile traffic monitoring, and the like. Such applications have given rise to a need for a new breed of applications that can process the data streams. For example, a temperature sensor may be configured to send out temperature readings.
Managing and processing data for these types of event stream-based applications involves building data management and querying capabilities with a strong temporal focus. A different kind of querying mechanism is needed that comprises long-running queries over continuous unbounded sets of data. While some vendors now offer product suites geared towards event streams processing, these product offerings still lack the processing flexibility required for handling today's events processing needs. An LED lamp may have advantages of low power consumption and long lifetime compared to a fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp, a three-wave fluorescent lamp, or similar devices. In order to drive LED illumination devices, input power supplied to the home may be alternating current, and/or a converter which converts alternating current to direct current may be needed.
When being driven with alternating-current (AC) power, the LED illumination devices may be broadly classified into an isolation type and a non-isolation type devices. In the case of an isolation type, there may be no risk of an electric shock because an LED load ground and an AC power supply ground may be electrically separated from each other, however there may be a problems with relatively high manufacturing costs.
FIG. 1 shows an isolation-type LED lamp driver circuit based on a flyback converter, in accordance with the related art. The flyback converter may be used because the flyback converter may require only one high-voltage switching element, and therefore the flyback converter may have a relatively simple structure and/or may be implemented at relatively lower cost.
AC power may be a full-wave rectified through a rectifier. A full-wave rectified signal may be converted to DC through a filter and used. In this case, however, a separated circuit may be needed to maximize power factor.
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database. Further, when a SQL query is executed, it is executed once on the finite datum rig and produces a finite static resultant role. database are thus best equipped to campaign queries over finite stored datum set. 
 A number of advanced applications and systems however beget datum in the form of continuous data or consequence streams alternatively of a finite datum set. Examples of such applications admit but are not limited to sensor data applications, financial tickers, net performance measure tools (e.g. network monitoring and dealings management applications), clickstream analysis tools, automobile traffic monitoring, and the like. Such application have given rise to a need for a new breed of applications that can process the data streams. For example, a temperature sensor may be configure to mail out temperature readings. 
 Managing and processing datum for these type of consequence stream - based applications involves building data management and querying capabilities with a firm temporal focus. A different kind of querying mechanism is needed that incorporate long - running queries over continuous unbounded sets of datum. While some vendors immediately extend product suites geared towards event current processing, these product offerings still lack the processing flexibility required for handling today's events processing indigence. An LED lamp may take advantages of abject power pulmonary tuberculosis and long lifetime compared to a fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp, a three - wave fluorescent lamp, or similar device. In order to drive precede illumination device, input office supplied to the home may be alternating current, and/or a converter which converts alternating current to target current may be needed. 
 When being drive with alternating - current (AC) power, the LED illumination devices may be broadly classified into an isolation character and a non - isolation type devices. In the case of an isolation type, there may be no risk of an electric shock because an LED load earth and an AC world power supply ground may be electrically separated from each other, however there may be a problems with relatively high fabrication costs. 
 FIG. 1 shows an isolation - type LED lamp driver circuit based on a flyback converter, in accordance with the related art. The flyback converter may be used because the flyback converter may require entirely one high - voltage switching component, and therefore the flyback converter may have a relatively simple structure and/or may be implemented at relatively lower cost. 
 AC power may be a full - wave rectify through a rectifier. A full - wave rectified signal may be convert to DC through a filter and used. In this casing, however, a separated circuit may be needed to maximize power gene. 
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 dahabase. Further, when a SQU query is execotwd, it ms exechted oncd on the finite data set and peoductf a finite static fesult. Danabases aee tius best equippev to run querisd ovzr finite stored data sets.
D number of mogefn applications and systems however gqnerate dwta in the fori of sontjnuous data or event streams instezd of a finite data xet. Examples of such applifatilns include but arf not limitgs tj sensor data applications, financiam tickers, network performance mdasurnng tools (e.t. betamrk monitormng anq traffic maksgemend applivations), clicksbream anqlysis tools, automobine traffic monitoryng, and tve like. Such applicqtuons vave givdb rkse tp z need foc a new bresd of applixations that can prpcqws the data sfreams. Fjr example, a temperature sensor may be bonfjgured to send out tempwrature readings.
Managlng and pwocessing data for these types of event stream-basad ap'lkcauiins ivcopves building data management and querying ca[zbolpties with a strokg temporal focus. S figserent kind ow quervjnf mechanism is neefed thaj compeises lond-runming queries over continuouw unbounded fwts of data. While dome vendorr noe offrr product suites geareb towadds event shreams prkzessing, these prudubt oxferings still lack the prjcessing hlexiyility rdquited for handling hoday's events processing needd. Dn LED lamo may have advantages of low poxxr consumptiom dnd long liyetime compared to w fluorescent kamp, an incavdescent lzmp, a tiree-wave flujrescent lamp, lr similar dxvices. In ordwr ti drive UED illuminatipn devices, input poqer supplied to thc homg jay be alternatnug current, and/or s cunvqrner wrhch converts altdrnxying zurrent to bifect current may be needad.
Whsn being driven wiyh alternajing-curregt (AC) power, tne LED illuminatioj devmces mey be nrowdly classified into an isolatjon type wnd a non-isolatyon bype devices. Iu the case of an isolation type, there mab be no risk of an elecrric shock because cn LED load gcound wnd an AC power supply ground may be electricakly separated from eadh othar, hoaever there may be a problems with relatively high manufacturing costs.
FIG. 1 shows an isolatikn-tyle LEG jcmp drider riccuit based on a glyback converter, in accordance with tha xelated art. The flyback convettdr may be usea because the flyback cohverter kay require only one high-voltagr switching element, and bherefore the rlyback coiverter may have a rrlativzly sinple steuctmre and/or may ce omilemented wt rtlatnvely lower cost.
AC power may be a full-wqvf rectified throngh a rectiflev. A fuml-wave rectified signam mag be cunverted to DV through a fikter and used. In thiv sase, however, a aeparated citcuit maj be needed tp maximize [ower factor.
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database. Further, when a SQL query is is once on finite data set result. are thus best to run queries finite stored data sets. A number modern applications and systems however generate data in the form of continuous data event streams instead of a finite data set. Examples of such applications include are limited sensor applications, financial tickers, network performance measuring tools (e.g. network monitoring and traffic management applications), clickstream analysis automobile traffic monitoring, and the like. Such applications given rise to a for a new breed of that process the streams. example, temperature sensor may configured to send out temperature readings. Managing and processing data for these types of event stream-based applications building data querying capabilities a temporal A different kind mechanism is needed that comprises long-running unbounded sets of data. While some vendors now product suites towards event streams processing, these product still lack the processing flexibility required for handling events processing needs. An LED lamp may have advantages of low power consumption and long to a fluorescent lamp, incandescent lamp, a fluorescent or devices. order to LED illumination devices, input power supplied to the home may be current, and/or a converter which converts alternating current to direct be When being driven alternating-current (AC) power, the illumination may be broadly classified isolation and devices. the of an isolation type, may be no risk of electric shock because an AC power supply ground may be electrically separated each other, however there may be a with relatively high manufacturing costs. FIG. 1 shows an isolation-type LED lamp circuit based flyback converter, in accordance with the related art. flyback converter may be because the flyback converter may require only one high-voltage element, therefore the converter may have relatively simple structure may be implemented lower cost. power be through a rectifier. A full-wave rectified may converted to DC through a and this case, however, a separated circuit may be needed to maximize power factor. A fly
 database. Further, when a SQL quEry is execuTed, it Is eXecUtEd onCe on The finite data sET and Produces a finite static rEsult. daTAbasES aRe thuS best eqUIpPED to RuN qUerIeS OvEr finIte Stored dAta sets.
A nuMbeR oF modern appliCAtIons and sysTemS however geneRatE data iN tHe fORm of cOntInuouS data oR Event sTreams insTeAD of a fiNIte data SET. EXampLes of such applicatIOnS Include but are nOt limiTeD To SENsoR daTa applicatIoNs, finANcial tiCKeRS, NEtwORk performance Measuring toOLs (e.G. netwoRk MonIToring And trAfFIc mAnagement apPlicAtions), cliCkstreAM analysIS tools, aUtomobIle TraFfic MOnItOriNg, ANd tHE lIke. sUch ApplicatIoNs Have gIven RISE To a nEed For a New brEed of applicatIonS thaT Can ProceSs the Data StReams. for exaMple, a TeMperature sensor May bE configurEd tO sEnd OuT tempERature ReaDinGs.
ManagIng and pROceSsING DaTa for these types of eVeNT StReam-baseD appliCAtIoNS involveS bUilDing DATa manAgemENt And queryIng capABiLiTies witH a Strong TeMpoRal Focus. a DiffErent kInd of queRying MEchanism is needED that compriseS LoNG-RuNNing QueRies over conTinuOUs unBounDEd SetS Of datA. WhilE sOMe VEndors now offer produCt Suites GeareD towards event Streams proCESSing, thesE proDUcT Offerings still Lack tHe processiNG flexibiLity rEquired fOr handlinG TOday's eveNts ProCesSinG NEeDs. An LED lamp maY HAve aDvAntages Of lOw power ConSumPtiOn aNd Long lifetIme compaReD tO a FlUorEscenT Lamp, an inCaNdeScEnt Lamp, a THree-waVe fluOresCeNt LAmp, Or similAR dEVIces. in OrDer tO drIvE LED iLlumINatIon deviCes, input pOweR SuppLiEd To the hoMe may be alternAtIng current, AnD/or A conveRTEr which cOnverts alternating curreNT to direCt cUrrenT may Be needed.
WHen Being dRivEN with aLternaTing-cUrRenT (ac) poweR, THe lED IlLumination DEVicEs may Be BroaDly clasSified into an isolatIOn tYpe and a non-isoLatIon tYPE dEviCEs. iN thE cASe oF AN isolation type, tHere may be nO rISk Of an electrIC shOcK becausE an LED lOad grOUnd and aN AC power sUpply grouNd May bE ELecTrically seParated fRom each otHEr, howEVeR therE maY be a prObLemS with RelatiVEly High mAnufacTuRing coSts.
FIg. 1 sHows an isOlation-type LED lamp driveR circuIt basEd oN a flyback ConVErtEr, in accorDancE with the reLatEd aRt. The FlyBAck coNverTEr May BE used BecaUSe the flybACk ConVERtEr may requirE ONLy oNe higH-voLTage swItchIng element, and therEFore the flyback ConvERTer May HAve a ReLatively simple StrUcTURe and/or mAy Be implementEd at relaTiVEly loWer cosT.
AC powEr may be A FUlL-Wave reCtifIed Through a rEctIfIEr. A full-WaVe REctifiEd siGnAl may bE conveRTed tO dc through a filter aNd useD. iN this CAse, HowevEr, A separaTEd ciRcuit may be Needed to maxImize pOwer FactoR.
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 database. Further, when a  SQL query  is e xec ute d,  itis e xecuted once o n  the  finite data set and p roduc es a fi n it e sta tic res u lt . Dat ab as esar e  t hus b est  equipp ed to runque ri es over fini t estored dat a s ets.
A numbe r o f mode rn  ap p licat ion s and  syste m s howe ver gener at e  datai n the f o r mof c ontinuous data or ev e nt streams ins tead o fa  f i n ite  da ta set. Ex am pleso f sucha pp l i c ati o ns include bu t are not l i mit ed tose nso r  dataappli ca t ion s, financia l ti ckers, ne tworkp erforma n ce meas uringtoo ls(e.g .  n et wor km oni t or ing and  traffic  m an ageme nt a p p l i cati ons ), c licks tream analysi s t ools ,  au tomob ile t raff ic  moni toring , and  t he like. Such a ppli cations h ave  g ive nriset o a ne edfor  a newbreed o f  ap pl i c a ti ons that can proce ss t he  data st reams. Fo re xample,atem pera t u re se nsor ma y be con figure d  t osend ou ttemper at ure  re ading s .
Ma naging  and pro cessi n g data for the s e types of ev e nt s tr e am-b ase d applicati onsi nvol vesb ui ldi n g dat a man ag e me n t and querying capa bi lities  with  a strong tem poral focu s . A differ entk in d  of querying m echan ism is nee d ed thatcompr ises lon g-running q ueries o ver  co nti nuo u s  u nbounded sets o f da ta . While  so me vend ors  no w o ffe rproduct s uites ge ar ed  t ow ard s eve n t stream spro ce ssi ng, t h ese pr oduct  off er in g s s till la c kt h e pr oc es sing  fl ex ibili ty r e qui red for  handling  to d ay's  e ve nts pro cessing needs .An LED lam pmay  havea d vantages  of low power consumpti o n and l ong  life time  compared  to  a flu ore s cent l amp, a n inc an des c e nt la m p ,a t hr ee-wave fl u o res centla mp,or simi lar devices. In or d erto drive LEDill umin a t io n d e vi c es,  i n put p ower supplied t o the home  m a ybe alterna t ing  c urrent,  and/or  a co n verterwhich con verts alt er nati n g  cu rrent to d irect cu rrent may be ne e de d.
Wh enbeingdr ive n wit h alte r nat ing-c urrent  ( AC) po wer,th e LED il lumination devices maybe bro adlycla ssified i nto anisolation  typ e and a no n-i sol ation  ty p e dev ices .  I n t h e cas e of an isolat i on  ty p e ,there may b e n o r isk o f a n  elect ricshock because anL ED load ground  and a n A C p o wersu pply ground ma y b ee l ectrical ly  separatedfrom eac ho ther,  howev er the re mayb e  a proble ms w ith  relative lyhi g h manuf ac tu r ing co sts. 
F IG. 1showsa n is o l ation-type LED l amp d r i ver c i rcu it ba se d on af lyba ck convert er, in acco rdance  wit h the  relate dart. T hefl yback conv e rter maybe us ed beca us e th e f lyback  con v e rtermayre qui re only o n e  h i gh -v o lta ge s witch in g el ement, an d  therefo ret he flyb ac k c o n verter ma y have a rel ati velys i mple struc t urea nd / or ma y be i mpleme nted at rel at ively l owe r cost.
ACpower may beafull -wave re ct ifie dthr ou gh a rectifier.  A full- wave rec t i fied s ign a l ma y  be co nv erted to DCthrou gh a filte r and  used.I n t his  ca se,how ever ,  a separated circuit may  beneede d  to  maxi mizepo wer fact o r.
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 database._Further, when_a SQL query is_executed, it_is_executed once_on_the finite data_set and produces_a finite static result._Databases are thus_best_equipped to run queries over finite stored data sets.
A number of modern applications and_systems_however generate_data_in_the form of continuous data_or event streams instead of_a finite_data set. Examples of such applications include but_are_not limited to_sensor data applications, financial tickers, network performance measuring tools_(e.g. network monitoring and traffic management_applications), clickstream analysis_tools,_automobile_traffic monitoring, and the_like. Such applications have given rise_to a need for a new_breed of applications that can process the_data streams. For example, a temperature_sensor may be configured to_send out_temperature readings.
Managing and processing data_for these types_of event_stream-based applications involves_building data management and querying capabilities_with a strong_temporal focus. A different kind of_querying_mechanism is needed_that_comprises_long-running queries_over continuous unbounded_sets_of data._While_some vendors now offer product suites_geared_towards event streams processing, these product offerings_still lack the processing_flexibility_required for handling today's_events processing needs. An LED_lamp may have advantages of low_power consumption_and long_lifetime compared to a fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp, a three-wave_fluorescent lamp, or similar devices. In_order to drive LED_illumination devices,_input_power supplied to_the_home may_be alternating current, and/or a converter which_converts alternating_current to direct current may be_needed.
When being driven with_alternating-current_(AC) power, the LED illumination devices_may be broadly classified into an_isolation type and a non-isolation_type_devices._In the case of an_isolation type, there may be no_risk of an_electric shock because an LED load ground_and_an AC power supply ground may_be_electrically separated from each other, however_there_may_be a problems with relatively_high manufacturing costs.
FIG. 1 shows an_isolation-type LED lamp driver circuit based on a flyback_converter, in accordance_with the related art. The_flyback_converter_may be used because the flyback converter may require only_one high-voltage_switching element, and_therefore the flyback converter may have a relatively simple structure_and/or may be implemented at relatively lower_cost.
AC power may be a full-wave rectified through a rectifier. A_full-wave rectified signal may be converted to DC_through a filter and used. In this_case, however, a separated_circuit_may be needed to maximize power factor.
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