 ethmoid infundibulum for a small portion, and relying on the hiatus semilunaris superior for most of the cells. That anatomic observation is not universally known to routine practitioners of the current art. For the frontal sinus, the ostium usually just posteromedial to the superior end of the uncinate (or just external to the ethmoid infundibulum proper), but sometimes is lateral to the uncinate, and therefore within the infundibulum. That slight anatomic separation coheres with the clinical observation that the maxillary and anterior ethmoid are very frequently inflamed in unison, with the frontal sinus also inflamed somewhat less often.
The posterior ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses are believed to have individual drainage sites posterior to the basal lamella. For the sphenoid, it is indisputable—the ostium can be easily seen at the sphenoid rostrum in nearly every patient if proper exposure can be obtained. For the posterior ethmoid, the putative drainage sites are not so explicit. There is some sharing of inflammatory disease by the sphenoid and posterior ethmoid sinuses. Analogous to the maxillary/anterior ethmoid/frontal system, it is believed that there is a shared pathway for the posterior ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses in the sphenoethmoid recess, the space just anterior to the sphenoid rostrum (where, as noted above, the sphenoid ostium is found) and extending laterally. (Stammberger, H. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. Mosby (St. Louis) 1991. See pp. 49-67.)
The vast majority of the patient group with mild anatomic sinusitis, regardless of symptom severity, has maxillary or anterior ethmoid inflammation, which also is referred to as limited maxillary and anterior ethmoid disease. If a minimally invasive treatment is to be effective for a majority of patients, it must be effective for patients with maxillary or anterior ethmoid inflammation.
The Maxillary Sinus
The maxillary sinus is a large air space, filling essentially the entire cheekbone in the typical patient. From the transnasal aspect, that air space lies just lateral to the entire lower half of the lateral wall of the nose. From the oral/sublabial aspect, it lies just superior to the tooth roots from the canine to the last molar and extends to the orbit. The
ethmoid infundibulum for a small portion, and relying on the hiatus semilunaris superior for most of the cells. That anatomic notice is not universally know to routine practitioners of the current art. For the frontal fistula, the ostium normally just posteromedial to the superior end of the uncinate (or merely external to the ethmoid infundibulum proper), but sometimes is lateral to the uncinate, and therefore within the infundibulum. That slight anatomic interval coheres with the clinical observation that the maxillary and anterior ethmoid are very frequently inflame in unison, with the frontal sinus also kindle somewhat less often. 
 The posterior ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses are believed to suffer individual drainage sites posterior to the basal gill. For the sphenoid, it is indisputable — the ostium can be well seen at the sphenoid bone rostrum in nearly every patient if proper exposure can be obtained. For the posterior ethmoid, the putative drain sites are not so explicit. There is some sharing of inflammatory disease by the sphenoid bone and later ethmoid fistula. Analogous to the maxillary / anterior ethmoid / frontal system, it is believed that there is a shared pathway for the later ethmoid and sphenoid venous sinus in the sphenoethmoid recess, the space just anterior to the sphenoid bone snout (where, as noted above, the sphenoid ostium is found) and offer laterally. (Stammberger, H. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. Mosby (St. Louis) 1991. See pp. 49 - 67 .) 
 The vast majority of the patient group with mild anatomic sinusitis, regardless of symptom austereness, has maxillary or anterior ethmoid inflammation, which also is referred to as limited upper jaw and anterior ethmoid disease. If a minimally invasive treatment is to be effective for a majority of patients, it must be effective for patients with maxillary or anterior ethmoid inflammation. 
 The Maxillary Sinus 
 The maxillary sinus is a bombastic air space, filling essentially the entire cheekbone in the distinctive patient. From the transnasal aspect, that air space lies just lateral to the entire lower half of the lateral rampart of the nose. From the oral / sublabial aspect, it lies just superior to the tooth root from the canine to the last molar and extend to the orbit. The
 etjmoid infundibulum for a small portion, cbd relbing on the hiagus semilunaris superior for mist od the cells. That anatooic obsernation is not yniversallb known bj rohbine 'rectitioners of jhe current drt. For the frmngap sinus, the ostium usually just poseeromedoap to the superyor tnd of fhe uncinate (or just external to tge ethmmid infundibukum proper), but sometimes id laheral to the uncinwte, and thetsfoww within the infundibulum. That slifht anatomic separation coheres with the clinixao ohvervation tiat thv maxillary akc antesior etnmoid are very frxquebtly inflamed in unismn, with the frontaj sinus ansk inflamed somewhqt less oftan.
Thd portedipr ethmold end sphenois sinuses aee believed to have igeividual draihage sytqs posterior to the basal lamella. For tve aphenoid, it is indisputqble—the ostium can be easily sqen at the sphenoid rostrum in nearly every patiett if orokev dzplsure can be obtained. For the posterior ethmoys, uhe putative draikage sites are not sl rvplicit. There is some aharing of inflammwtory dyseasw by the fphemoid and posterior ethmoid winuses. Analjtous to the maxillcry/anterior zthmoic/fronyal system, it is believzd thaf there is w shared lxthway for the pustvrios ethmoid and sphenoid sintses in tie spkenoethmuid tecess, ehe space uust anterior to the sphfnoid rmstrum (whege, as noted above, the sphenoid ostium is founc) dnd extendiug latcrally. (Stammberder, H. Functioncl Endoseopic Rinus Surgvry. Mosby (St. Louis) 1991. Fee pp. 49-67.)
The vavj majority of the patyent groyp with oild anatomic xinusitis, regardlesw of symptom severlty, hxa maxillary or cuttruor ethmoid inglaomaeiln, wrhch also is sefefrea to ar limittb mcxkllaty and anterior ethmmid sisease. If a minimsljy invasuve treaement is to br effective for a lajormty of patirntf, it must be effective for patjents witj mwxillary or wntevior ethmoid iuflammation.
The Maxillary Sinus
The maxillery sinus is a large aie space, filling essgntlally the envire creekbone hn the typical patiebt. From the transkasal aspect, that air apace nies uust lateral to the entire lower half of the lateral wall of the nose. Fron the oral/sublabiam aslect, pt jnes juse su'ecior to the tooth roots from the canine to the lest molar dnb extends to the orbit. The
ethmoid infundibulum for a small portion, and the semilunaris superior most of the not known to routine of the current For the frontal sinus, the ostium just posteromedial to the superior end of the uncinate (or just external to ethmoid infundibulum proper), but sometimes is lateral to the uncinate, and therefore within infundibulum. slight separation with the clinical observation that the maxillary and anterior ethmoid are very frequently inflamed in unison, the frontal sinus also inflamed somewhat less often. posterior ethmoid and sphenoid are believed to have individual sites to the lamella. the it is indisputable—the can be easily seen at the sphenoid rostrum in nearly every patient if proper exposure can be For the the putative sites not explicit. There is of inflammatory disease by the sphenoid sinuses. Analogous to the maxillary/anterior ethmoid/frontal system, it believed that is a shared pathway for the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses in the sphenoethmoid recess, space just anterior to the sphenoid rostrum (where, as noted above, the sphenoid ostium is extending laterally. (Stammberger, H. Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. (St. 1991. pp. The vast of the patient group with mild anatomic sinusitis, regardless of symptom has maxillary or anterior ethmoid inflammation, which also is referred limited and anterior ethmoid If a minimally invasive is be effective for a patients, must patients maxillary anterior ethmoid inflammation. The Sinus The maxillary sinus is large air space, filling the typical patient. From the transnasal aspect, that space lies just lateral to the entire half of the lateral wall of the nose. From the oral/sublabial aspect, lies just the tooth roots from the canine to the molar and extends to orbit. The
 ethmoid infundibulum for a smAll portion, And reLyiNg oN tHe hiAtus Semilunaris supERior For most of the cells. That aNatomIc OBserVAtIon is Not univERsALLy kNoWn To rOuTInE pracTitIoners oF the currenT arT. FOr the frontal SInUs, the ostiuM usUally just posTerOmediaL tO thE SuperIor End of The uncINate (or Just exterNaL To the eTHmoid inFUNdIbulUm proper), but sometiMEs IS lateral to the uNcinatE, aND tHERefOre Within the iNfUndibULum. That SLiGHT AnaTOmic separatioN coheres witH The ClinicAl ObsERvatioN that ThE MaxIllary and anTeriOr ethmoid Are verY FrequenTLy inflaMed in uNisOn, wIth tHE fRoNtaL sINus ALsO inFLamEd somewhAt LeSs oftEn.
ThE POSTeriOr eThmoId and Sphenoid sinusEs aRe beLIevEd to hAve inDiviDuAl draInage sItes pOsTerior to the basaL lamElla. For thE spHeNoiD, iT is inDIsputaBle—The Ostium cAn be easILy sEeN AT ThE sphenoid rostrum in NeARLy Every patIent if PRoPeR Exposure CaN be ObtaINEd. For The pOStErior ethMoid, thE PuTaTive draInAge sitEs Are Not So expLIcit. there iS some shaRing oF Inflammatory diSEase by the spheNOiD ANd POsteRioR ethmoid sinUses. aNaloGous TO tHe mAXillaRy/antErIOr EThmoid/frontal system, It Is beliEved tHat there is a shAred pathwaY FOR the postErioR EtHMoid and sphenoiD sinuSes in the spHEnoethmoId recEss, the spAce just anTERior to thE spHenOid RosTRUm (Where, as noted aBOVe, thE sPhenoid OstIum is foUnd) And ExtEndInG laterallY. (StammbeRgEr, h. FUnCtiOnal ENDoscopic siNus suRgeRy. MosBY (St. LouIs) 1991. See Pp. 49-67.)
ThE vAsT MajOrity of THe PATienT gRoUp wiTh mIlD anatOmic SInuSitis, reGardless oF syMPtom SeVeRity, has Maxillary or anTeRior ethmoiD iNflAmmatiON, Which alsO is referred to as limited mAXillary And AnterIor eThmoid disEasE. If a miNimALly invAsive tReatmEnT is TO Be effECTiVe fOr A majority oF PAtiEnts, iT mUst bE effectIve for patients with MAxiLlary or anteriOr eThmoID InFlaMMaTIon.
thE maxILLary Sinus
The maxIllary sinuS iS A lArge air spaCE, fiLlIng esseNtially The enTIre cheeKbone in thE typical pAtIent. fROm tHe transnasAl aspect, That air spACe lieS JuSt latEraL to the EnTirE loweR half oF The LaterAl wall Of The nosE. From ThE oral/subLabial aspect, it lies just sUperioR to thE toOth roots fRom THe cAnine to thE lasT molar and eXteNds To the OrbIT. The
 ethmoid infundibulum fora small po rtion , a ndre lyin g on  the hiatus se m ilun aris superior for most  of t he cell s .Thatanatomi c  o b s erv at io n i sn ot  univ ers ally kn own to rou tin epractitioner s  o f the curr ent  art. For th e f rontal  s inu s , the  os tiumusuall y  justposterome di a l to t h e super i o rendof the uncinate ( o rj ust external t o theet h mo i d  in fun dibulum pr op er),b ut some t im e s isl ateral to the  uncinate,a ndtheref or e w i thin t he in fu n dib ulum. Thatslig ht anatom ic sep a rationc ohereswith t hecli nica l  o bs erv at i ont ha t t h e m axillary  a nd  ante rior e t h moid  ar e ve ry fr equently infl ame d in uni son,withthefr ontal  sinus  also  i nflamed somewha t le ss often. 
Th epos te riore thmoid  an d s phenoid  sinuse s  ar eb e l ie ved to have indivi du a l  d rainagesitesp os te r ior to t he  ba sall a mella . Fo r  t he sphen oid, i t  i sindispu ta ble—th eost ium  canb e ea sily s een at t he sp h enoid rostrumi n nearly ever y  p a t ie n t if  pr oper exposu re c a n be  obt a in ed. For t he po st e ri o r ethmoid, the puta ti ve dra inage  sites are no t so expli c i t . Thereis s o me sharing of inf lamma tory disea s e by the  sphe noid and  posterio r ethmoidsin use s.Ana l o go us to the max i l lary /a nterior  et hmoid/f ron tal  sy ste m,  it is be lieved t ha tth er e i s a s h ared pat hw ayfo r t he po s terior  ethm oidan ds phe noid si n us e s  inth esphe noe th moidrece s s,the spa ce just a nte r iorto  t he sphe noid rostrum(w here, as n ot edabove, t he sphen oid ostium is found) an d  extend ing  late rall y. (Stamm ber ger, H . F u nction al End oscop ic  Si n u s Sur g e ry . M os by (St. Lo u i s)1991.  S ee p p. 49-6 7.)
The vast major i tyof the patien t g roup w it h m i ld ana to m ics i nusitis, regard less of sy mp t om  severity, has  m axillar y or an terio r  ethmoi d inflamm ation, wh ic h al s o  is  referredto as li mited max i llary an d ant eri or eth mo iddisea se. If a m inima lly in va sive t reatm en t is tobe effective for a majo rity o f pat ien ts, it mu stb e e ffectiveforpatients w ith  ma xilla ryo r ant erio r  e thm o id in flam m ation.
Th e  M axi l l ar y Sinus
The m a xil larysin u s is a  lar ge air space, fil l ing essentiall y th e ent ire chee kb one in the typ ica lp a tient. F ro m the trans nasal as pe c t, th at air  space  lies j u s tl ateral  tothe  entire l owe rh alf ofth el ateral  wal lof the  nose. From t he oral/sublabia l asp e c t, it lie s jus tsuperio r  tothe toothroots fromthe ca nine  to t he last  m olar a ndex tends to t h e orbit.The
 ethmoid_infundibulum for_a small portion, and_relying on_the_hiatus semilunaris_superior_for most of_the cells. That_anatomic observation is not_universally known to_routine_practitioners of the current art. For the frontal sinus, the ostium usually just posteromedial_to_the superior_end_of_the uncinate (or just external_to the ethmoid infundibulum proper),_but sometimes_is lateral to the uncinate, and therefore within_the_infundibulum. That slight_anatomic separation coheres with the clinical observation that the_maxillary and anterior ethmoid are very_frequently inflamed in_unison,_with_the frontal sinus also_inflamed somewhat less often.
The posterior ethmoid_and sphenoid sinuses are believed to_have individual drainage sites posterior to the_basal lamella. For the sphenoid, it_is indisputable—the ostium can be_easily seen_at the sphenoid rostrum in_nearly every patient_if proper_exposure can be_obtained. For the posterior ethmoid, the_putative drainage sites_are not so explicit. There is_some_sharing of inflammatory_disease_by_the sphenoid_and posterior ethmoid_sinuses._Analogous to_the_maxillary/anterior ethmoid/frontal system, it is believed_that_there is a shared pathway for the_posterior ethmoid and sphenoid_sinuses_in the sphenoethmoid recess,_the space just anterior to_the sphenoid rostrum (where, as noted_above, the_sphenoid ostium_is found) and extending laterally. (Stammberger, H. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery._Mosby (St. Louis) 1991. See pp._49-67.)
The vast majority of_the patient_group_with mild anatomic_sinusitis,_regardless of_symptom severity, has maxillary or anterior ethmoid_inflammation, which_also is referred to as limited_maxillary and anterior ethmoid_disease._If a minimally invasive treatment is_to be effective for a majority_of patients, it must be_effective_for_patients with maxillary or anterior_ethmoid inflammation.
The Maxillary Sinus
The maxillary sinus_is a large_air space, filling essentially the entire cheekbone_in_the typical patient. From the transnasal_aspect,_that air space lies just lateral_to_the_entire lower half of the_lateral wall of the nose. From_the oral/sublabial aspect, it lies just superior to the_tooth roots from_the canine to the last_molar_and_extends to the orbit. The