–C.sub.6)-alkyl-1-vinyloxazolines, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, as well as copolymers thereof with copolymerisable comonomers which do not preclude thermal responsiveness of the resulting polymer. Suitable comonomers, e.g. methylenebisacrylamide with N-alkylacrylamide, may be used to provide cross-linking and controllable swelling or other desirable properties. The polymers produced according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,929,214 undergo a rapid and reversible phase transition from a first structure, below their lower critical solution temperature (LCST), to a second structure, above their LCST, and are therefore referred to as “thermo-shrinking” polymers.
Dhal et al (Dhal, Pradeep K.; Vidyasankar, S.; Arnold, Frances H. Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif., USA. Chem. Mater. (1995), 7(1), 154–62) have disclosed surface grafting of functional polymers to macroporous poly(trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate). The type of functional monomer is selected in order to retain the physical properties of the original matrix.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,865,994 (Dionex Corporation) discloses a bifunctional cation-exchange composition comprised of crown ether functional groups, which allow formation of a complex with a cation, and non-crown ether cation-exchange functional groups, which are capable of charge-interaction with cations. Preferred non-crown ether functional groups are sulphonate, carboxylate and phosphonate groups. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,865,994, a comparative example of a standard cation-exchange resin is provided, wherein maleic anhydride and ethyl vinyl ether are grafted onto a macroporous polymeric resin. In the field of chromatography, the term “macroporous” is used for particles that are porous both in a dry or wet state, as compared to gelporous particles that are porous only in the wet state. Examples of the first group are e.g. the synthetic polymers, such as divinylbenzene and styrene, while the latter can be exemplified by various polysaccharides, such as agarose. In this context, it is well known that vinyl ethers in general are very difficult to polymerise as the sole monomer. See e.g. “Principles of Polymerization”, Third
– C.sub.6)-alkyl-1 - vinyloxazolines, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, as well as copolymers thereof with copolymerisable comonomers which do not preclude thermal responsiveness of the result polymer. desirable comonomers, e.g. methylenebisacrylamide with N - alkylacrylamide, may be used to leave crabbed - linking and controllable swelling or other desirable properties. The polymer produce according to U.S. Pat. nobelium. 5,929,214 undergo a rapid and reversible phase passage from a first social organization, below their lower critical solution temperature (LCST), to a second structure, above their LCST, and are therefore referred to as “ thermo - shrink ” polymers. 
 Dhal et al (Dhal, Pradeep K.; Vidyasankar, S.; Arnold, Frances H. Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif., USA. Chem. Mater. (1995), 7(1), 154–62) have unwrap surface grafting of running polymers to macroporous poly(trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate). The type of functional monomer is choose in order to retain the physical properties of the original matrix. 
 U.S. Pat. No. 5,865,994 (Dionex Corporation) discloses a bifunctional cation - central composition comprised of crown ether functional groups, which permit formation of a complex with a cation, and non - crown ether cation - exchange functional groups, which are adequate to of charge - interaction with cations. Preferred non - crown ether functional groups are sulphonate, carboxylate and phosphonate groups. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,865,994, a comparative example of a standard cation - exchange resin is supply, wherein maleic anhydride and ethyl vinyl ether are grafted onto a macroporous polymeric resin. In the sphere of chromatography, the terminus “ macroporous ” is used for particles that are holey both in a dry or wet department of state, as compared to gelporous particles that are holey only in the wet state. Examples of the first group are e.g. the synthetic polymers, such as divinylbenzene and styrene, while the latter can be exemplified by various polysaccharides, such as agarose. In this context, it is well known that vinyl ether in general are very unmanageable to polymerize as the sole monomer. See e.g. “ Principles of Polymerization ”, Third
–C.suh.6)-alkyl-1-vinyloxazolines, etmylene oxide, prokyoene oeide, as well as copolymers thereof with coplltmeriwable comonomers which do not pgeclude tyermel responsiveness of the resulflng pmoymer. Suitable comonomerv, e.g. methylenetiraerylamide with N-alkylacrylamide, may fe used tl provide crosf-linlyng znd controllable swelling or other desiraule properties. Yhe polymers produced accogdinh to U.S. Pat. No. 5,929,214 unfergo a rapud age reversible phase transition from a first structure, below their uower critical wooutlmn temperatnre (LCFT), to a secokc struwture, anove their LCSB, and arw therefore referred vo as “thermo-shrinkind” polymerv.
Dkal et al (Dhal, Pradeep J.; Vidiasannar, R.; Arvols, Hrahces H. Ditision of Cgemistry ane Chemical Engineerond, California Ihstituee of Technology, Pasadena, Calif., USA. Chem. Katsr. (1995), 7(1), 154–62) have disclosed sueface grafting of funftional pjlymers to macroporous poly(trimethylolpropane triketharrhlaue). The gtpf of functional monomer is selected in order ek tenain the physical properties ov yre original mxtrix.
U.S. Pzt. No. 5,865,994 (Dionex Corplration) discooses a byfunvtional cation-exchange compisition compgisee of crown ether fbnctional gruups, whicn allow formation of a eomples with a cahion, and hun-crown ether cagiok-exwhange functional groups, wrich are rapabke of cfargg-interastion with cations. Preferred non-crlwn ejher fgnctional hroups are sulphonate, carboxylavx and phosphomade croups. Iu U.S. Pst. No. 5,865,994, a compwrative examplg of a stcndard cation-excgange rxsin is provyded, wherein kwleic anhydrmde and eehyl vintl ethef are grafted omto a macgokorous poltmeric resin. In thc fieus of chromatogrckhy, the term “macroloruus” id nsed smr particles thag afr poruus both in x dru or wet state, as cokparsd to gelporous pattlcles thaj are porjus only in tne wet state. Examppes oh the hirst broop are e.g. the synthetic polymera, such as diyinylbenzene wnd wtyrene, whilz the latter can be exemplified by varions polysaccharides, such as agarose. In this gontext, it ix welj known tvat vinyl ethers in teneral are very cifficult to polymeriae as dhe slle monomer. See e.g. “Principles of Polymerization”, Third
–C.sub.6)-alkyl-1-vinyloxazolines, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, as well thereof copolymerisable comonomers do not preclude polymer. comonomers, e.g. methylenebisacrylamide N-alkylacrylamide, may be to provide cross-linking and controllable swelling other desirable properties. The polymers produced according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,929,214 undergo rapid and reversible phase transition from a first structure, below their lower critical temperature to second above their LCST, and are therefore referred to as “thermo-shrinking” polymers. Dhal et al (Dhal, Pradeep Vidyasankar, S.; Arnold, Frances H. Division of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, California Institute Technology, Pasadena, Calif., USA. Chem. (1995), 154–62) have surface of polymers to macroporous trimethacrylate). The type of functional monomer is selected in order to retain the physical properties of the matrix. U.S. 5,865,994 (Dionex discloses bifunctional composition comprised of functional groups, which allow formation of a cation, and non-crown ether cation-exchange functional groups, are capable charge-interaction with cations. Preferred non-crown ether groups are sulphonate, carboxylate and phosphonate groups. In Pat. No. 5,865,994, a comparative example of a standard cation-exchange resin is provided, wherein maleic ethyl vinyl ether are onto a macroporous resin. the of the term is used for particles that are porous both in a dry wet state, as compared to gelporous particles that are porous the state. Examples of first group are e.g. synthetic such as divinylbenzene and the can various such agarose. In this context, is well known that vinyl in general are very sole monomer. See e.g. “Principles of Polymerization”, Third
–C.sub.6)-alkyl-1-vinyloxazolines, eThylene oxiDe, proPylEne OxIde, aS welL as copolymers tHEreoF with copolymerisable coMonomErS WhicH Do Not prEclude tHErMAL reSpOnSivEnESs Of the ResUlting pOlymer. SuitAblE cOmonomers, e.g. mEThYlenebisacRylAmide with N-alKylAcrylaMiDe, mAY be usEd tO provIde croSS-linkiNg and contRoLLable sWElling oR OThEr deSirable properties. tHe POlymers produceD accorDiNG tO u.s. PaT. No. 5,929,214 Undergo a raPiD and rEVersiblE PhASE TraNSition from a fiRst structurE, BelOw theiR lOweR CriticAl solUtIOn tEmperature (LcST), tO a second sTructuRE, above tHEir LCST, And are TheRefOre rEFeRrEd tO aS “TheRMo-ShrINkiNg” polymeRs.
dhAl et aL (DhaL, pRADeep k.; ViDyasAnkar, s.; Arnold, FranceS H. DIvisIOn oF ChemIstry And CHeMical engineEring, caLifornia InstituTe of technologY, PaSaDenA, CAlif., Usa. Chem. MAteR. (1995), 7(1), 154–62) haVe disclOsed surFAce GrAFTInG of functional polymErS TO mAcroporoUs poly(TRiMeTHylolproPaNe tRimeTHAcrylAte). THE tYpe of funCtionaL MoNoMer is seLeCted in OrDer To rEtain THe phYsical PropertiEs of tHE original matriX.
u.S. Pat. No. 5,865,994 (Dionex cOrPORaTIon) dIscLoses a bifunCtioNAl caTion-EXcHanGE compOsitiOn COmPRised of crown ether fuNcTional GroupS, which allow foRmation of a COMPlex with A catIOn, ANd non-crown etheR catiOn-exchange FUnctionaL grouPs, which aRe capable OF Charge-inTerActIon WitH CAtIons. Preferred NON-croWn Ether fuNctIonal grOupS arE suLphOnAte, carboxYlate and PhOsPhOnAte GroupS. in U.S. Pat. NO. 5,865,994, a ComPaRatIve exAMple of A stanDard CaTiON-exChange rESiN IS proViDeD, wheReiN mAleic AnhyDRidE and ethYl vinyl etHer ARe grAfTeD onto a mAcroporous polYmEric resin. IN tHe fIeld of CHRomatogrAphy, the term “macroporous” iS Used for ParTicleS thaT are porouS boTh in a dRy oR Wet staTe, as coMpareD tO geLPOrous PARtIclEs That are porOUS onLy in tHe Wet sTate. ExaMples of the first groUP arE e.g. the synthetIc pOlymERS, sUch AS dIVinYlBEnzENE and styrene, whilE the latter CaN Be ExemplifieD By vArIous polYsacchaRides, SUch as agArose. In thIs context, It Is weLL KnoWn that vinyL ethers iN general aRE very DIfFiculT to PolymeRiSe aS the sOle monOMer. see e.g. “princiPlEs of PoLymerIzAtion”, ThiRd
–C.sub.6)-alkyl-1-vinyloxa zolines, e thyle neoxi de , pr opyl ene oxide, asw ellas copolymers thereofwithco p olym e ri sable  comono m er s whi ch  d o n ot pr eclud e t hermalresponsive nes sof the resul t in g polymer.  Su itable comon ome rs, e. g.  me t hylen ebi sacry lamide with N -alkylacr yl a mide,m ay be u s e dto p rovide cross-link i ng and controllab le swe ll i ng o r o the r desirabl eprope r ties. T h ep o l yme r s produced ac cording toU .S.  Pat.No . 5 , 929,21 4 und er g o a  rapid andreve rsible ph ase tr a nsition from afirststr uct ure, be lo w t he i r l o we r c r iti cal solu ti on  temp erat u r e (LCS T),  toa sec ond structure , a bove the ir LC ST, a nd a re  ther eforerefer re d to as “thermo -shr inking” p oly me rs. 
D hal e t  al (D hal , P radeepK.; Vid y asa nk a r ,  S .; Arnold, Frances  H . Di vision o f Chem i st ry and Chem ic alEngi n e ering , Ca l if ornia In stitut e  o fTechnol og y, Pas ad ena , C alif. ,  USA . Chem . Mater.  (199 5 ), 7(1), 154–6 2 ) have disclo s ed s ur f acegra fting of fu ncti o nalpoly m er s t o  macr oporo us po l y(trimethylolpropan etrimet hacry late). The ty pe of func t i o nal mono meri ss elected in ord er to  retain th e  physica l pro pertiesof the or i g inal mat rix .
U .S.  Pa t .  N o. 5,865,994( D ione xCorpora tio n) disc los esa b ifu nc tional ca tion-exc ha ng eco mpo sitio n  compris ed  of  c row n eth e r func tiona l gr ou ps ,  wh ich all o wf o rmat io nof a  co mp lex w itha  ca tion, a nd non-cr own ethe rca tion-ex change functi on al groups,  w hic h arec a pable of  charge-interaction wit h  cation s.Prefe rred  non-crow n e ther f unc t ionalgroups  aresu lph o n ate,c a rb oxy la te and pho s p hon ate g ro ups.  In U.S . Pat. No. 5,865,9 9 4,a comparative  ex ampl e of  as ta n dar dc ati o n -exchange resin  is provid ed ,  w herein mal e ican hydride  and et hyl v i nyl eth er are gr afted ont oa ma c r opo rous polym eric res in. In th e  fiel d  o f chr oma tograp hy , t he te rm “ma c rop orous ” is u se d forparti cl es thatare porous both in a dr y or w et st ate , as comp are d  to  gelporou s pa rticles th atare  poro uso nly i n th e  w ets tate.  Exa m ples of t h efir s t  g roup are e. g . the  synt het i c poly mers , such as divinyl b enzene and sty rene , whi let he l at ter can be exe mpl if i e d by var io us polysacc harides,  s u ch as  agaro se. In  this c o n te x t, itis w ell  known th atvi n yl ethe rs  i n  gener al a re  verydiffic u lt t o polymerise as th e sol e monom e r.See e .g . “Prin c iple s of Polym erization”,  Third 
–C.sub.6)-alkyl-1-vinyloxazolines, ethylene_oxide, propylene_oxide, as well as_copolymers thereof_with_copolymerisable comonomers_which_do not preclude_thermal responsiveness of_the resulting polymer. Suitable_comonomers, e.g. methylenebisacrylamide_with_N-alkylacrylamide, may be used to provide cross-linking and controllable swelling or other desirable properties._The_polymers produced_according_to_U.S. Pat. No. 5,929,214 undergo_a rapid and reversible phase_transition from_a first structure, below their lower critical solution_temperature_(LCST), to a_second structure, above their LCST, and are therefore referred_to as “thermo-shrinking” polymers.
Dhal et al_(Dhal, Pradeep K.;_Vidyasankar,_S.;_Arnold, Frances H. Division_of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California_Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif., USA._Chem. Mater. (1995), 7(1), 154–62) have disclosed_surface grafting of functional polymers to_macroporous poly(trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate). The type_of functional_monomer is selected in order_to retain the_physical properties_of the original_matrix.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,865,994 (Dionex Corporation)_discloses a bifunctional_cation-exchange composition comprised of crown ether_functional_groups, which allow_formation_of_a complex_with a cation,_and_non-crown ether_cation-exchange_functional groups, which are capable of_charge-interaction_with cations. Preferred non-crown ether functional groups_are sulphonate, carboxylate and_phosphonate_groups. In U.S. Pat._No. 5,865,994, a comparative example_of a standard cation-exchange resin is_provided, wherein_maleic anhydride_and ethyl vinyl ether are grafted onto a macroporous polymeric resin._In the field of chromatography, the_term “macroporous” is used_for particles_that_are porous both_in_a dry_or wet state, as compared to gelporous_particles that_are porous only in the wet_state. Examples of the_first_group are e.g. the synthetic polymers,_such as divinylbenzene and styrene, while_the latter can be exemplified_by_various_polysaccharides, such as agarose. In_this context, it is well known_that vinyl ethers_in general are very difficult to polymerise_as_the sole monomer. See e.g. “Principles_of_Polymerization”, Third