 is particularly preferable as R3 for the reason of high sensitivity. The letters M and n denote integers of 2 to 4 and 1 to 3, respectively.
X denotes a bivalent linking group, and Y denotes a one to four valent linking group or a functional group with terminal hydrogen atoms. Z does not exist when Y is a terminal group, or may denote a one to four valent linking group or functional group present depending on the number of the Y linking groups.
X in the general formula (I) will next be described in detail.
X is a bivalent linking group, and indicates a hydrocarbon linking group that may have single bonds or substituents. Preferable examples of the hydrocarbon linking group include a straight-chain, branched or ring alkylene group with a carbon number of 1 to 18, a straight-chain, branched or ring alkenylene group with a carbon number of 2 to 18, an alkynylene group with a carbon number of 2 to 8, and an arylene group with a carbon number of 6 to 20. More preferable examples include a methylenne, ethylene, propylene, butylene, isopropylene, cyclohexylene, phenylene, tolyllen or biphenylene group, or a group represented by the following chemical structure. 
When these linking groups have substituents, an alkoxy group with a carbon number of 12 or less, a halogen atom or a hydroxy group is a preferable substituent.
Y in the general formula (I) will be next described in detail.
Y is a functional group that may be a linking group accompanying Z described below. As expressed earlier, may be mono-, di-, tri- or quadri-valent, and is a group known to a strongly interact with aphenolic hydroxy group. Specifically, a functional group having the partial structures described below may be appropriately indicated as an example. 
That the exemplified structures are partial structures of Y means that the linking group or the functional group Y, whose termnus is a hydrogen atom, has at least one of the partial structures exemplified above. Accordingly, Y is a group in which a plurality of the partial structures are linked, or the group in which an exemplified partial structure and a usual hydrocarbon group are linked.
Preferable examples of compounds having these functional groups include amide, sulfonamide, imide, urea, urethane, thiourea, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester and sulfonic acid ester.
Z in the general formula
is particularly preferable as R3 for the reason of high sensitivity. The letters M and n denote integer of 2 to 4 and 1 to 3, respectively. 
 ten denotes a bivalent linking group, and Y announce a one to four valent connect group or a functional group with terminal hydrogen atom. omega does not exist when Y is a terminal group, or may denote a one to four valent linking group or functional group present depending on the issue of the Y linking groups. 
 X in the cosmopolitan formula (I) will next be described in detail. 
 X is a bivalent linking group, and indicates a hydrocarbon linking group that may suffer single bonds or substituents. Preferable examples of the hydrocarbon yoke group include a straight - chain, branched or ring alkylene group with a carbon paper number of 1 to 18, a neat - chain, branched or ring alkenylene group with a carbon numeral of 2 to 18, an alkynylene group with a carbon number of 2 to 8, and an arylene group with a carbon number of 6 to 20. More preferable examples include a methylenne, ethylene, propylene, butylene, isopropylene, cyclohexylene, phenylene, tolyllen or biphenylene group, or a group represented by the following chemical structure. 
 When these linking groups have substituents, an alkoxy group with a carbon number of 12 or less, a halogen atom or a hydroxy group is a preferable substituent. 
 Y in the general formula (I) will be next described in contingent. 
 Y is a running group that may be a linking group accompanying Z trace below. As expressed earlier, may be mono-, di-, tri- or quadri - valent, and is a group know to a strongly interact with aphenolic hydroxy group. Specifically, a functional group having the partial social organization described below may be appropriately indicated as an example. 
 That the exemplified structure are partial structures of Y means that the linking group or the functional group Y, whose termnus is a hydrogen atom, has at least one of the fond structure exemplified above. Accordingly, Y is a group in which a plurality of the partial structures are linked, or the group in which an exemplified partial social organization and a usual hydrocarbon group are connect. 
 Preferable examples of compounds have these running groups include amide, sulfonamide, imide, urea, urethane, thiourea, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester and sulfonic acid ester. 
 Z in the cosmopolitan formula
 is particularly preferable as R3 for the rgawon of high aensitivkty. The letters M and n denove ibtegees of 2 to 4 and 1 to 3, rerpectivelj.
X denotew a uivalent linking group, akb Y dskotes e one to four vslent linkhng group or a fjnetional group with terminal hydrogen atoms. A foes not exist whem Y ia a terminal group, or may denote a one to four valent kinking group or functionap grlup present dependlng on the bumbqe of the Y lknking grol's.
X in the feneral formula (I) will next be aescrnbed in detqio.
X lv a bivalenv linkpng group, and indicatas a hycrocarbon linklng gcoup that may have single bonds or substitugnts. Prefesayle examples of the htdeocarton ninkkbg erohp ihclude a atraight-chzin, branchee or ring alkylene brjll with a cargon nuibqr of 1 to 18, a straight-chain, branched or ging alkenylene group with q carbon number of 2 tl 18, an alkrnylene group with a carbon number of 2 to 8, and an arylxnd gxiup wkrh a carbon number of 6 to 20. More preferable exam[mex pnclude a methylekne, ethylene, propykeje, futylene, isoptopylenz, cgclohexylene, phenypene, tojylleb or biphtnyleme group, or a group represebted by the yoloowing chemical stxucture. 
When thexe limking groups have substntuenta, an alkoxy group wiff a carbon numbef on 12 mr less, a halogen atom or w hydroxy grobp is a orefgrable fubstituenh.
Y in the general formulw (I) wnll ba next desfribed in detail.
Y is a functionek group that mdy te a linhing nroup accompanyyng Z describeb below. Cs expfessed earmier, mab be mono-, di-, tri- or quadrh-galent, and iv a grou[ kniwn ro a stfungly interact with aphvnjlic hydroxy group. Spegificxmly, a functionao gtiup having the paftiwl svructtses describeg beuow kay bd approkxiabelh incicated as an exampla. 
Thzt the exemplified sbructures are pareial structurrs of Y means that the ninying broop or the functional group Y, whkse termnks ls a hydrogen aton, has at leaxt one of the partial structures exemplmfied above. Accordingli, Y is a group in whieh a pluralitb of tre partian structures are linjed, or the group ln which an exemplifies parthal shructure and a usual hydrocarbon group are linked.
Preferable examples of cimpounvs having theae finctimncl yroups ynclndx amide, sulfonamice, imide, urea, urethane, thiourea, carboxynie acid, carboxylic acid ester sna sulfonic ackd ester.
Z in the general formula
is particularly preferable as R3 for the high The letters and n denote and to 3, respectively. denotes a bivalent group, and Y denotes a one four valent linking group or a functional group with terminal hydrogen atoms. Z not exist when Y is a terminal group, or may denote a one four linking or group present depending on the number of the Y linking groups. X in the general formula will next be described in detail. X is bivalent linking group, and a hydrocarbon linking group that have bonds or Preferable of hydrocarbon linking group a straight-chain, branched or ring alkylene group with a carbon number of 1 to 18, a straight-chain, or ring with a number 2 18, an alkynylene a carbon number of 2 to arylene group with a carbon number of 6 20. More examples include a methylenne, ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, cyclohexylene, phenylene, tolyllen or biphenylene group, or group represented by the following chemical structure. When these linking groups have substituents, an alkoxy a carbon number of or less, a atom a group a preferable Y in the general formula (I) will be next described in Y is a functional group that may be a linking Z below. As expressed may be mono-, di-, or and is a group a interact group. a group having the partial described below may be appropriately as an example. That structures of Y means that the linking group the functional group Y, whose termnus is hydrogen atom, has at least one of the partial structures exemplified above. Y is in which a plurality of the partial structures linked, or the group which an exemplified partial structure and a usual hydrocarbon are Preferable examples compounds having these groups include amide, imide, urea, urethane, acid, carboxylic ester sulfonic in the general formula
 is particularly preferable aS R3 for the reAson oF hiGh sEnSitiVity. the letters M and N DenoTe integers of 2 to 4 and 1 to 3, resPectiVeLY.
X deNOtEs a biValent lINkING grOuP, aNd Y DeNOtEs a onE to Four valEnt linking GroUp Or a functionaL GrOup with terMinAl hydrogen atOms. z does nOt ExiST when y is A termInal grOUp, or maY denote a oNe TO four vALent linKINg GrouP or functional grouP PrESent depending oN the nuMbER oF THe Y LinKing groups.
x iN the gENeral foRMuLA (i) WilL Next be describEd in detail.
X IS a bIvalenT lInkINg grouP, and iNdICatEs a hydrocarBon lInking groUp that MAy have sINgle bonDs or suBstItuEnts. pReFeRabLe EXamPLeS of THe hYdrocarbOn LiNking GrouP INCLude A stRaigHt-chaIn, branched or rIng AlkyLEne Group With a CarbOn NumbeR of 1 to 18, a StraiGhT-chain, branched oR rinG alkenyleNe gRoUp wItH a carBOn numbEr oF 2 to 18, An alkynYlene grOUp wItH A CArBon number of 2 to 8, and an ArYLEnE group wiTh a carBOn NuMBer of 6 to 20. MOrE prEferABLe exaMpleS InClude a meThylenNE, eThYlene, prOpYlene, bUtYleNe, iSoproPYlenE, cycloHexylene, PhenyLEne, tolyllen or bIPhenylene grouP, Or A GRoUP repResEnted by the fOlloWIng cHemiCAl StrUCture. 
when tHeSE lINking groups have subsTiTuents, An alkOxy group with a Carbon numbER OF 12 or less, a HaloGEn ATom or a hydroxy gRoup iS a preferabLE substitUent.
Y In the genEral formuLA (i) will be nExt DesCriBed IN DeTail.
Y is a functIONal gRoUp that mAy bE a linkiNg gRouP acComPaNying Z desCribed beLoW. AS eXpResSed eaRLier, may bE mOno-, Di-, Tri- Or quaDRi-valeNt, and Is a gRoUp KNowN to a strONgLY InteRaCt With AphEnOlic hYdroXY grOup. SpecIfically, a FunCTionAl GrOup haviNg the partial sTrUctures desCrIbeD below MAY be approPriately indicated as an exAMple. 
ThaT thE exemPlifIed structUreS are paRtiAL strucTures oF Y meaNs ThaT THe linKINg GroUp Or the functIONal Group y, wHose Termnus Is a hydrogen atom, has AT leAst one of the paRtiAl stRUCtUreS ExEMplIfIEd aBOVe. Accordingly, Y iS a group in wHiCH a Plurality oF The PaRtial stRuctureS are lINked, or tHe group in Which an exEmPlifIED paRtial strucTure and a Usual hydrOCarboN GrOup arE liNked.
PrEfEraBle exAmples OF coMpounDs haviNg These fUnctiOnAl groups Include amide, sulfonamide, Imide, uRea, urEthAne, thiourEa, cARboXylic acid, CarbOxylic acid EstEr aNd sulFonIC acid EsteR.
z iN thE GenerAl foRMula
 is particularly preferabl e as R3 fo r the  re aso nof h ighsensitivity. T h e le tters M and n denote i ntege rs of 2 to  4 an d 1 to3 ,r e spe ct iv ely .X  d enote s a  bivale nt linking  gr ou p, and Y den o te s a one to  fo ur valent li nki ng gro up  or a fun cti onalgroupw ith te rminal hy dr o gen at o ms. Z d o e snotexist when Y is a te r minal group, o r mayde n ot e a o neto four va le nt li n king gr o up o r  fu n ctional group  present de p end ing on  t hen umberof th eY  li nking group s.
X  in the g eneral formula (I) wil l next  be  de scri b ed  i n d et a il. Xisa  bi valent l in ki ng gr oup, a n d  ind ica tesa hyd rocarbon link ing  gro u p t hat m ay ha ve s in gle b onds o r sub st ituents. Prefer able  examples  of  t hehy droca r bon li nki nggroup i ncludea  st ra i g h t- chain, branched or  r i n galkylene  group wi th a carbon  n umb er o f 1 to18,a  s traight- chain, br an ched or  r ing al ke nyl ene  grou p  wit h a ca rbon num ber o f  2 to 18, an a l kynylene grou p  w i t ha  car bon  number of2 to 8, a nd a n  a ryl e ne gr oup w it h  a carbon number of 6to  20. M ore p referable exa mples incl u d e  a methy lenn e ,e thylene, propy lene,  butylene, isopropy lene,  cyclohe xylene, p h e nylene,tol yll enorb i ph enylene group , or a  g roup re pre sentedbythe  fo llo wi ng chemic al struc tu re .
W hen  thes e  linking  g rou ps  ha ve su b stitue nts,an a lk ox y  gr oup wit h  a c arbo nnu mber  of  1 2 orless ,  ahalogen  atom ora h y drox ygr oup isa preferablesu bstituent. 
Y  in  the g e n eral for mula (I) will be next d e scribed  in  deta il.Y is a fu nct ionalgro u p that  may b e a l in kin g group a cc omp an ying Z des c r ibe d bel ow . As  expres sed earlier, may b e  mo no-, di-, tri - o r qu a d ri -va l en t , a nd isa group known toa strongly  i n te ract witha phe no lic hyd roxy gr oup.S pecific ally, a f unctional  g roup h avi ng the par tial str uctures d e scrib e dbelow  ma y be a pp rop riate ly ind i cat ed as  an ex am ple. Thatth e exempl ified structures are pa rtialstruc tur es of Y m ean s  th at the li nkin g group or  th e f uncti ona l  grou p Y, wh ose termn us i s  a hydrog e nato m ,  h as at least o n e o f the  pa r tial s truc tures exemplified above. Accordi ngly , Y i s a grou pin which a plu ral it y of the p ar tial struct ures are  l i nked,  or th e grou p in wh i c ha n exem plif ied  partialstr uc t ure and  a  u s ual hy droc ar bon gr oup ar e  lin k e d.
Preferable ex ample s of co m pou nds h av ing the s e fu nctional g roups inclu de ami de,sulfo namide,  i mide,ure a,  urethane, thiourea,  carb oxylicac id,car boxyli c ac i d  este r an dsul fonic aci d es t er .Z  in  the  gene ra l fo rmula
 is_particularly preferable_as R3 for the_reason of_high_sensitivity. The_letters_M and n_denote integers of_2 to 4 and_1 to 3,_respectively.
X_denotes a bivalent linking group, and Y denotes a one to four valent linking_group_or a_functional_group_with terminal hydrogen atoms. Z_does not exist when Y_is a_terminal group, or may denote a one to_four_valent linking group_or functional group present depending on the number of_the Y linking groups.
X in the_general formula (I)_will_next_be described in detail.
X_is a bivalent linking group, and_indicates a hydrocarbon linking group that_may have single bonds or substituents. Preferable_examples of the hydrocarbon linking group_include a straight-chain, branched or_ring alkylene_group with a carbon number_of 1 to_18, a_straight-chain, branched or_ring alkenylene group with a carbon_number of 2_to 18, an alkynylene group with_a_carbon number of_2_to_8, and_an arylene group_with_a carbon_number_of 6 to 20. More preferable_examples_include a methylenne, ethylene, propylene, butylene, isopropylene,_cyclohexylene, phenylene, tolyllen or_biphenylene_group, or a group_represented by the following chemical_structure. 
When these linking groups have_substituents, an_alkoxy group_with a carbon number of 12 or less, a halogen atom_or a hydroxy group is a_preferable substituent.
Y in the_general formula_(I)_will be next_described_in detail.
Y_is a functional group that may be_a linking_group accompanying Z described below. As_expressed earlier, may be_mono-,_di-, tri- or quadri-valent, and is_a group known to a strongly_interact with aphenolic hydroxy group._Specifically,_a_functional group having the partial_structures described below may be appropriately_indicated as an_example. 
That the exemplified structures are partial_structures_of Y means that the linking_group_or the functional group Y, whose_termnus_is_a hydrogen atom, has at_least one of the partial structures_exemplified above. Accordingly, Y is a group in which_a plurality of_the partial structures are linked,_or_the_group in which an exemplified partial structure and a usual_hydrocarbon group_are linked.
Preferable examples_of compounds having these functional groups include amide, sulfonamide, imide,_urea, urethane, thiourea, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid_ester and sulfonic acid ester.
Z in the general formula