 Through the use of such a device, PCR product is detected with fluorescence and no additional sample processing, membrane arrays, gels, capillaries, or other analytical tools are necessary. Other PCR instrumentation as known in the art may be used in the practice of the present invention.
Separation by electrophoresis is based on differences in solute velocity in an electric field. The velocity of a charged analyte is a function of its electrophoretic mobility and the applied voltage. The method of electrophoresis is used in a number of different techniques including capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary zone electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, capillary electro chromatography, isotachophoresis and isoelectric focusing.
In general, the mobility of an analyte in a particular medium is constant and characteristic of that analyte. The analytes mobility is a result of two factors. The analyte is attracted to the electrode of opposite charge, pulling it through the medium. At the same time, however, frictional forces try to prevent the analyte moving toward the charge. The balance of these forces determines the actual overall mobility of the analyte. An analytes size, polarity and number of electric charge(s), relative hydrophobicity and ionic strength determine how rapidly an electric field can move the analyte through a medium. A buffer is used to assist the flow of the analyte relative to the field. The buffer's chemical composition, pH, temperature and concentration alter the mobility of the analyte. Many important biological molecules such as amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, and nucleic acids, posses ionizable groups and, therefore, at any given pH, exist in solution as electrically charged species either as cations containing a positive (+) charge or as anions containing a negative (−) charge. Depending on the nature of the net charge, the charged particles will migrate either to the cathode or to the anode. A small analyte will have less frictional drag than a large analyte and hence move through the medium faster than a large analyte. Similarly, a multiply charged analyte will experience more attraction to the electrode and also move through the medium faster than a singly charged analyte. It is this difference in solute velocities that is responsible for the separating effect in electrophoresis that results in resolution of the species detected.
Gel electrophoresis is a method that separates molecules such as DNA or proteins on the basis of their physical properties. A gel is a solid colloid. Thus, gel electrophoresis refers to the technique in which molecules are forced to cross a span of gel,
Through the use of such a device, PCR product is detected with fluorescence and no additional sample distribution processing, membrane array, gels, capillaries, or early analytical cock are necessary. Other PCR instrumentation as know in the art may be used in the exercise of the present invention. 
 Separation by electrophoresis is free-base on differences in solute speed in an electric field. The velocity of a charged analyte is a function of its electrophoretic mobility and the practice voltage. The method of electrophoresis is used in a number of different technique including capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary zone electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, capillary electro chromatography, isotachophoresis and isoelectric focusing. 
 In general, the mobility of an analyte in a finical medium is constant and characteristic of that analyte. The analytes mobility is a result of two factors. The analyte is attract to the electrode of opposite charge, pulling it through the medium. At the same meter, however, frictional forces try to prevent the analyte moving toward the charge. The balance of these forces determines the actual overall mobility of the analyte. An analytes size, polarity and number of electric charge(s), relative hydrophobicity and ionic strength determine how rapidly an electric field can move the analyte through a medium. A buffer is use to assist the flow of the analyte proportional to the sphere. The buff's chemical composition, pH, temperature and concentration alter the mobility of the analyte. Many important biological molecules such as amino acids, peptides, protein, nucleotides, and nucleic acids, posses ionizable groups and, therefore, at any given pH, exist in solution as electrically charged species either as cations containing a positive (+) charge or as anions hold a damaging (−) charge. Depending on the nature of the net charge, the charged particle will migrate either to the cathode or to the anode. A small analyte will have less frictional drag than a big analyte and hence move through the medium faster than a big analyte. Similarly, a multiply charged analyte will feel more attraction to the electrode and also travel through the medium quicker than a singly charged analyte. It is this difference in solute velocities that is creditworthy for the separating effect in electrophoresis that results in solution of the species detect. 
 Gel electrophoresis is a method that separates molecules such as deoxyribonucleic acid or proteins on the basis of their physical properties. A gelatin is a solid colloid. Thus, gel electrophoresis refers to the technique in which atom are forced to cross a bridge of gel,
 Thgough the use of such a aevice, PCR prodocr is dxtected with fljorescence and no additional sqmple processing, membrane afrays, geld, capillqriew, or other ehalytical toomd arz iecessary. Other PCR instrgmentation as nnuwu in the art may be used in the praceice of tje present invgntiom.
Fepadation by electrophoresis is based on difherences in solite velocity in an electrif fifld. The velocity ov a charged anajtte is a funztion of ius electrophkretic mobility and the applied voltcge. The metyoe ov electrophocesis ps used in a klmber ox diffetent techniquex iiclueing capillary gel elxctrophoresis, capillwry zone alzctrophoresis, micellae wlecttokinatic xhrumauogcapgy, caplllery electro chromatogrqphy, isotachophoresos qnd isoelectrjc foctsyng.
In general, the mobility of an analytt in z particular medium is xonstant and charactetistic of ehat analyte. The analytes mobility is a result of two haztoxw. The qnwlyte is attracted to the electrode of opposies vhsrge, pulling ib through the mediim. Ay the same timg, howevzd, rrictional forces hry to krevenr the anajyte moving toward the charge. Tye balance oy tyese forces determnnes the actbal ovgrall kobility of the analyte. An znalytes sixe, polarifh and number of dlebtriw charge(s), relative hydrophjbicity aid iouic strevgth deteriine how rwpidln an electric field can loee the anapyte through a medium. A buffer mx used to asxivt nhe flow jf thc analyte relatyve to the fiekd. The yuffer'r chemical composmtion, pH, tem[erature and wlncentration alter tre mibiluty of gfe analyte. Manu importauu biologicql molecules such es aojno acids, peptibts, kriteins, nucleotoder, agd nncleis acids, possev iovizxnle gfoups and, tmerdforr, at any given pH, exhst jn solution as elevtvically cyarged s[ecies either as cations contaijing e posivive (+) vhatge or as anions containing a nsgative (−) fhavge. Depending on bhe gature of che net charge, the charged particles wilo migrate either jo the cathode or to jhe anode. A smell anwlyte wiln have less frictionql drag than a lavge analyte and hence jove tvrougj the medium faster than a large analyte. Similarly, a multiply charged anaoyte wmlj experiencs mote atnraetipn to ehe xlxctrode and also kove through the medium faster vhan a sinclv charged analyte. It is this ciwference in sulute velocities that is responsoble for the separating effect on electrophoresis that vesults ib resklution of the species detecyed.
Gel elecrrophorwsis is a method ghay deparates moltculzs such as DNA or proteins on the basis ov their physical properties. X gel is a folid colloid. Thhs, gsp eleztrophoresis tefers to the yechnique in which mmlqcules are forxvd to cross a span ox gel,
Through the use of such a device, is with fluorescence no additional sample or analytical tools are Other PCR instrumentation known in the art may be in the practice of the present invention. Separation by electrophoresis is based on in solute velocity in an electric field. The velocity of a charged analyte a of electrophoretic and the applied voltage. The method of electrophoresis is used in a number of different techniques capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary zone electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic capillary electro chromatography, isotachophoresis isoelectric focusing. In general, the of analyte in particular is and characteristic of analyte. The analytes mobility is a result of two factors. The analyte is attracted to the electrode opposite charge, through the At same however, frictional forces prevent the analyte moving toward the of these forces determines the actual overall mobility the analyte. analytes size, polarity and number of charge(s), relative hydrophobicity and ionic strength determine how an electric field can move the analyte through a medium. A buffer is used to flow of the analyte to the field. buffer's composition, temperature concentration alter mobility of the analyte. Many important biological molecules such as amino peptides, proteins, nucleotides, and nucleic acids, posses ionizable groups and, any pH, exist in as electrically charged species as containing a positive (+) as containing charge. on nature of the net the charged particles will migrate to the cathode or analyte will have less frictional drag than a analyte and hence move through the medium than a large analyte. Similarly, a multiply charged analyte will experience more to the also move through the medium faster than a charged analyte. It is difference in solute velocities that is responsible for the effect electrophoresis that in resolution of species detected. Gel is a method molecules such DNA proteins of their physical properties. A gel a colloid. Thus, gel electrophoresis refers the which molecules are forced to cross a span of gel,
 Through the use of such a devicE, PCR producT is deTecTed WiTh flUoreScence and no addITionAl sample processing, membRane aRrAYs, geLS, cApillAries, or OThER AnaLyTiCal ToOLs Are neCesSary. OthEr PCR instrUmeNtAtion as known IN tHe art may be UseD in the practiCe oF the prEsEnt INventIon.
separAtion bY ElectrOphoresis Is BAsed on DIfferenCES iN solUte velocity in an elECtRIc field. The veloCity of A cHArGED anAlyTe is a functIoN of itS ElectroPHoRETIc mOBility and the aPplied voltaGE. ThE methoD oF elECtrophOresiS iS UseD in a number oF difFerent tecHniqueS IncludiNG capillAry gel EleCtrOphoREsIs, CapIlLAry ZOnE elECtrOphoresiS, mIcEllar ElecTROKInetIc cHromAtogrAphy, capillary EleCtro CHroMatogRaphy, IsotAcHophoResis aNd isoElEctric focusing.
IN genEral, the moBilItY of An AnalyTE in a paRtiCulAr mediuM is consTAnt AnD CHArActeristic of that anAlYTE. THe analytEs mobiLItY iS A result oF tWo fActoRS. the anAlytE Is AttracteD to the ELeCtRode of oPpOsite cHaRge, PulLing iT ThroUgh the Medium. At The saME time, however, frICtional forces TRy TO PrEVent The Analyte moviNg toWArd tHe chARgE. ThE BalanCe of tHeSE fORces determines the acTuAl overAll moBility of the anAlyte. An anaLYTEs size, poLariTY aND number of electRic chArge(s), relatIVe hydropHobicIty and ioNic strengTH DeterminE hoW raPidLy aN ELeCtric field can MOVe thE aNalyte tHroUgh a medIum. a buFfeR is UsEd to assisT the flow Of ThE aNaLytE relaTIve to the FiEld. thE buFfer's CHemicaL compOsitIoN, ph, TemPeraturE AnD COnceNtRaTion AltEr The moBiliTY of The analYte. Many imPorTAnt bIoLoGical moLecules such as AmIno acids, pePtIdeS, proteINS, nucleotIdes, and nucleic acids, possES ionizaBle GroupS and, Therefore, At aNy giveN pH, EXist in SolutiOn as eLeCtrICAlly cHARgEd sPeCies either AS CatIons cOnTainIng a posItive (+) charge or as aniONs cOntaining a negAtiVe (−) chARGe. depENdINg oN tHE naTURe of the net chargE, the chargeD pARtIcles will mIGraTe Either tO the catHode oR To the anOde. A small Analyte wiLl Have LESs fRictional dRag than a Large analYTe and HEnCe movE thRough tHe MedIum faSter thAN a lArge aNalyte. siMilarlY, a mulTiPly chargEd analyte will experience More atTractIon To the elecTroDE anD also move ThroUgh the mediUm fAstEr thaN a sINgly cHargED aNalYTe. It iS thiS DifferencE In SolUTE vElocities thAT IS reSponsIblE For the SepaRating effect in eleCTrophoresis thaT resULTs iN reSOlutIoN of the species dEteCtED.
gel electRoPhoresis is a Method thAt SEparaTes molEcules Such as Dna Or PRoteinS on tHe bAsis of theIr pHySIcal proPeRtIEs. A gel Is a sOlId collOid. ThuS, Gel eLECtrophoresis refeRs to tHE TechnIQue In whiCh MoleculES are Forced to crOss a span of gEl,
 Through the use of such a  device, P CR pr odu ctis  det ecte d with fluores c ence  and no additional sam ple p ro c essi n g,  memb rane ar r ay s ,  ge ls ,cap il l ar ies,orother a nalyticaltoo ls  are necessa r y.  Other PCR  in strumentatio n a s know nint he ar t m ay be  usedi n thepracticeof the pr e sent in v e nt ion. 
Separation by el e ct r ophoresis is b ased o nd if f e ren ces  in solute  v eloci t y in an el e c t ric field. The ve locity of a cha rged a na lyt e  is afunct io n  of  its electr opho retic mob ilitya nd thea ppliedvoltag e.The  met h od  o f e le c tro p ho res i s i s used i nanumbe r of d i f fere nttech nique s including c api llar y  ge l ele ctrop hore si s, ca pillar y zon eelectrophoresis , mi cellar el ect ro kin et ic ch r omatog rap hy,  capill ary ele c tro  c h r o ma tography, isotacho ph o r es is and i soelec t ri cf ocusing. 
I n g ener a l , the  mob i li ty of an  analy t ein  a part ic ular m ed ium  is  cons t antand ch aracteri stico f that analyte .  The analytes mo b i li t y is  aresult of t wo f a ctor s. T h eana l yte i s att ra c te d  to the electrode o fopposi te ch arge, pulling  it throug h t he mediu m. A t  t h e same time, h oweve r, frictio n al force s try  to prev ent the a n a lyte mov ing  to war d t h e  c harge. The ba l a nceof  thesefor ces det erm ine s t heac tual over all mobi li ty  o fthe  anal y te. An a na lyt es  si ze, p o larity  andnumb er  o f  el ectricc ha r g e(s) ,re lati vehy droph obic i tyand ion ic streng thd eter mi ne  how ra pidly an elec tr ic field c an  mo ve the a nalyte t hrough a medium. A buff e r is us edto as sist  the flow  of  the a nal y te rel ativeto th efie l d . The b uf fer 's  chemicalc o mpo sitio n,  pH,  temper ature and concentr a tio n alter the m obi lity o fthe an a lyt e. Man y important biolo gical mole cu l es  such as a m ino  a cids, p eptides , pro t eins, n ucleotide s, and nu cl eica c ids , posses i onizable  groups a n d, th e re fore,  at  any g iv enpH, e xist i n  so lutio n as e le ctrica lly c ha rged spe cies either as cationscontai ninga p ositive ( +)c har ge or asanio ns contain ing  anegat ive (−) c harg e .Dep e nding  ont he nature of  th e ne t charge, t h e cha rgedpar t icleswill  migrate either t o  the cathode o r to t heano d e. A  s mall analyte w ill  h a v e less f ri ctional dra g than a  l a rge a nalyte  and h ence mo v e  t h roughthemed ium faste r t ha n  a larg ean a lyte.Simi la rly, a  multi p ly c h a rged analyte wil l exp e r ience mor e att ra ction t o  the  electrode  and also m ove th roug h the  medium  f astertha na singly c h arged ana lyte.  It isth is d iff erence  ins o lutevelo ci tie s that is r es p on si b leforthe s ep arat ing effec t  in elec tro p horesis  t hat r esults in r esolutionofthe s p e cies detec t ed.G el elect rophor esis i s a met h odth at sepa rat e s  molecule s such as DNA  o r pr oteins o ntheba sis  o f their physica l proper ties. Ag e l is a  so l id c o lloid.  T hus, gel ele ctrop ho r esis re f e rsto thet ech niq uein w hic h mo l ecules are forced to cro ss a  span ofgel,
 Through_the use_of such a device,_PCR product_is_detected with_fluorescence_and no additional_sample processing, membrane_arrays, gels, capillaries, or_other analytical tools_are_necessary. Other PCR instrumentation as known in the art may be used in the_practice_of the_present_invention.
Separation_by electrophoresis is based on_differences in solute velocity in_an electric_field. The velocity of a charged analyte is_a_function of its_electrophoretic mobility and the applied voltage. The method of_electrophoresis is used in a number_of different techniques_including_capillary_gel electrophoresis, capillary zone_electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, capillary electro_chromatography, isotachophoresis and isoelectric focusing.
In general,_the mobility of an analyte in a_particular medium is constant and characteristic_of that analyte. The analytes_mobility is_a result of two factors._The analyte is_attracted to_the electrode of_opposite charge, pulling it through the_medium. At the_same time, however, frictional forces try_to_prevent the analyte_moving_toward_the charge._The balance of_these_forces determines_the_actual overall mobility of the analyte._An_analytes size, polarity and number of electric_charge(s), relative hydrophobicity and_ionic_strength determine how rapidly_an electric field can move_the analyte through a medium. A_buffer is_used to_assist the flow of the analyte relative to the field. The_buffer's chemical composition, pH, temperature and_concentration alter the mobility_of the_analyte._Many important biological_molecules_such as_amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, and nucleic_acids, posses_ionizable groups and, therefore, at any_given pH, exist in_solution_as electrically charged species either as_cations containing a positive (+) charge_or as anions containing a_negative_(−)_charge. Depending on the nature_of the net charge, the charged_particles will migrate_either to the cathode or to the_anode._A small analyte will have less_frictional_drag than a large analyte and_hence_move_through the medium faster than_a large analyte. Similarly, a multiply_charged analyte will experience more attraction to the electrode_and also move_through the medium faster than_a_singly_charged analyte. It is this difference in solute velocities that_is responsible_for the separating_effect in electrophoresis that results in resolution of the species_detected.
Gel electrophoresis is a method that separates_molecules such as DNA or proteins on the basis of their_physical properties. A gel is a solid colloid._Thus, gel electrophoresis refers to the technique_in which molecules are_forced_to cross a span of gel,