 a first index of refraction and an active material; a multimode inner cladding layer for receiving pump radiation, where the inner cladding layer is disposed about the core and includes material having a second index of refraction that is less than the first index of refraction; a second cladding layer disposed about the inner cladding layer, where the second cladding layer includes material having a third index of refraction that is less than the second index of refraction; and a compressive layer that contracts after being applied to the fiber and that is disposed about the first cladding layer for applying stress to the fiber. The compressive layer can be disposed asymmetrically about the inner cladding and/or can be disposed about both the first and second cladding layers. The cladding-pumped optical fiber can include at least one bend.
In each of the foregoing practices of the invention, the optical apparatus can include an external means for applying stress to the cladding-pumped optical fiber. The external means can include a mechanical structure about which the cladding-pumped optical fiber is bent.
Thus while the prior art typically teaches away from certain features of the invention as claimed above, such as the inclusion of granular matter, normally considered a contaminant, in a layer of an optical fiber and the application of stress to the fiber, it is understood, according to the invention, that including such features can provide an improved optical apparatus including a cladding-pumped optical fiber. The present invention relates to a semiconductor memory and, more particularly, to a technical which may be effectively applied to an address transformation buffer or the like which is included in a memory management unit of a digital processing system adopting the virtual storage method.
The virtual storage method is one means for removing constraints imposed by the physical properties of memories and thus producing a flexible program system. A digital processing system that employs the virtual storage method is provided with a memory management unit 1 for transforming a logical address output from a processing unit into a physical address on a main memory within a bus cycle thereof.
The memory management unit 1 includes an address transformation buffer 5 and an address transformation control circuit 6. The address transformation buffer 5 is arranged to have a necessary and minimum number of entries with which the hit rate is in excess of a predetermined value, and it is controlled by the address transformation control circuit 6. The address transformation control circuit 6 also functions as a so-called DAT controller which executes a paging processing autonomously without the aid of a control program (operating system
a first index of refraction and an active material; a multimode inside facing level for receiving pump radiation, where the inside cladding layer is disposed about the kernel and includes material have a second index of refraction that is less than the beginning index of refraction; a second cladding level disposed about the inner facing layer, where the second facing level includes material having a third index of deflection that is less than the second index of refraction; and a compressive level that contracts after being use to the fiber and that is disposed about the first cladding layer for apply stress to the fiber. The compressive layer can be disposed asymmetrically about the inner facing and/or can be dispose about both the first and second cladding layers. The cladding - pumped optical fiber can include at least one bend. 
 In each of the predate practices of the invention, the optical apparatus can admit an external mean for applying stress to the cladding - pumped ocular fiber. The external means can include a mechanical structure about which the facing - pumped optical fiber is bent. 
 Thus while the prior art typically teaches away from certain features of the invention as claimed above, such as the inclusion body of granular topic, normally considered a contaminant, in a layer of an optical fiber and the application of stress to the roughage, it is understood, according to the invention, that including such feature can provide an improved optical apparatus including a facing - pumped optical fiber. The present invention relates to a semiconductor memory and, more peculiarly, to a technical which may be effectively applied to an address transformation buffer zone or the like which is included in a memory management whole of a digital processing system adopting the virtual storage method. 
 The virtual storage method acting is one means for removing constraints inflict by the physical properties of memories and thus producing a elastic program system. A digital processing organization that employs the virtual storage method acting is provided with a memory management unit 1 for transforming a logical address output from a processing unit into a physical address on a main memory within a bus hertz thence. 
 The memory management unit 1 includes an address transformation buffer 5 and an address transformation control circuit 6. The address transformation buffer zone 5 is arranged to have a necessary and minimum issue of entries with which the hit rate is in excess of a predetermined value, and it is master by the address transformation control circuit 6. The savoir-faire transformation control circuit 6 also functions as a so - called DAT controller which executes a paging processing autonomously without the aid of a control course of study (operating system
 a virst index of refractiok and an active materian; a mumtimode knner cladding layer for recxivibg punp radiation, where the inner clwdding lqyer us disposev about bke codc and mncludes materisl having d second index ow xefraction that is less than the firft indec lf refraction; w sebogd cmadding layer disposed about the ihner cledding layer, whrre the second cladding lajer lncludes material javing a thurd ybdex of refrxction thau ns less thah the second index of refractiov; and a compreswice pdyer that cintrabts after beikb applhed to yhe fiber and bhat ms dusposed about the firvt cladding layer sor applyhny stress to the fiber. Tye cokprevsivd laher cen ge disoosxd asymmetrjcally abour the inner claddinb wbd/or can be djsposeq wbout both the first and second claddinc lzyers. The cladding-pumpee optical fiber can ijclude at least one bend.
In each of the foregoing practices of tie inrcktiov, tje optical apparatus can include an external isams for applying ftress to tne ckwdding-pumped uptical fjber. The external leans cwn inxlude a mtchanocal structure about which rhe cladding-iumpwd optical fiber id bent.
Thus chile jhe proor art typically teachzs awag from certwin featudds of the inventkon av claimed above, such as thq inclusiin oy granulxr mstter, gormally clnsidcsed a contaminant, ln a pafer of an lptical fiber and the application of stress tp dhe fiber, ic is ukderstood, accorqing to the inrention, chat ivcluding slch featuces can provyde an improvaf optical ap'aratus igclueing a cladakng-pumped optival fiber. The presebt invention relatcs to z semiconductor menory and, more psrtkcujagly, tj a technical whizh osy be effectiveln aoplird to an address tratsfodmation buffer or yhc like whuch is igcluded in a kemory management knit mf e digiyal processing system adopting ths virtual stjrage method.
Ehe yirtoal storage method is one means for removing constcaints imposed by the khysical properties oy kemories anv thus producinc a flexible program system. A digital processing system thzt empnoys hhe virtual storage method is provided with a memory management unit 1 for transhowming a logjcal addrvss putput frol a processing unpt into a physical address on a oain memmrv within a bus cycle thereof.
Tne memory managgment unit 1 includes an adsress trsnsformation buffer 5 and an addtess transformation contvol circuut 6. Tge addggss transformation bugfer 5 ns arrqnged ti haye a necessary anc linimum nkmbec oy entries with which the hit rate is in edcess of a predevermined valme, and pt is cjntrolled by the adddfss ttansformation vontrol circuiy 6. The address transxowmation controo circuit 6 alxo funcnions as a so-ralled DAT cmntroller which executes a paging processing autonojously wiuhout the eid of a contrpp program (operating syxtqm
a first index of refraction and an a inner cladding for receiving pump layer disposed about the and includes material a second index of refraction that less than the first index of refraction; a second cladding layer disposed about inner cladding layer, where the second cladding layer includes material having a third of that less the second index of refraction; and a compressive layer that contracts after being applied to the and that is disposed about the first cladding for applying stress to fiber. The compressive layer can disposed about the cladding can disposed about both first and second cladding layers. The cladding-pumped optical fiber can include at least one bend. In each the foregoing the invention, optical can an external means stress to the cladding-pumped optical fiber. can include a mechanical structure about which the optical fiber bent. Thus while the prior art teaches away from certain features of the invention claimed above, such as the inclusion of granular matter, normally considered a contaminant, in a an optical fiber and application of stress the it understood, to the that including such features can provide an improved optical apparatus including cladding-pumped optical fiber. The present invention relates to a semiconductor more to a technical may be effectively applied an transformation buffer or the is in unit a processing system adopting the storage method. The virtual storage is one means for physical properties of memories and thus producing a program system. A digital processing system that the virtual storage method is provided with a memory management unit 1 transforming a output from a processing unit into a physical on a main memory a bus cycle thereof. The memory management unit 1 an transformation buffer and an address control circuit 6. address transformation buffer arranged to a and entries with which the hit rate in of a predetermined value, and is the address transformation control circuit 6. The address transformation control circuit 6 also functions as DAT controller which executes paging autonomously without the aid of a control program (operating system
 a first index of refraction anD an active mAteriAl; a MulTiMode InneR cladding layer FOr reCeiving pump radiation, whEre thE iNNer cLAdDing lAyer is dISpOSEd aBoUt The CoRE aNd incLudEs materIal having a SecOnD index of refrACtIon that is lEss Than the first IndEx of reFrActIOn; a seConD cladDing laYEr dispOsed about ThE Inner cLAdding lAYEr, WherE the second claddinG LaYEr includes mateRial haViNG a THIrd IndEx of refracTiOn thaT Is less tHAn THE SecONd index of refrAction; and a cOMprEssive LaYer THat conTractS aFTer Being applieD to tHe fiber anD that iS DisposeD About thE first ClaDdiNg laYEr FoR apPlYIng STrEss TO thE fiber. ThE cOmPressIve lAYER Can bE diSposEd asyMmetrically abOut The iNNer CladdIng anD/or cAn Be disPosed aBout bOtH the first and secOnd cLadding laYerS. THe cLaDding-PUmped oPtiCal Fiber caN includE At lEaST ONe Bend.
In each of the forEgOINg PracticeS of the INvEnTIon, the opTiCal AppaRATus caN incLUdE an exterNal meaNS fOr ApplyinG sTress tO tHe cLadDing-pUMped OpticaL fiber. ThE exteRNal means can incLUde a mechanicaL StRUCtURe abOut Which the claDdinG-PumpEd opTIcAl fIBer is Bent.
THuS WhILe the prior art typicaLlY teachEs awaY from certain fEatures of tHE INvention As clAImED above, such as thE inclUsion of graNUlar mattEr, norMally conSidered a cONTaminant, In a LayEr oF an OPTiCal fiber and thE APpliCaTion of sTreSs to the FibEr, iT is UndErStood, accoRding to tHe InVeNtIon, That iNCluding sUcH feAtUreS can pROvide aN imprOved OpTiCAl aPparatuS InCLUdinG a ClAddiNg-pUmPed opTicaL FibEr. The prEsent inveNtiON relAtEs To a semiConductor memoRy And, more parTiCulArly, to A TEchnical Which may be effectively apPLied to aN adDress TranSformatioN buFfer or The LIke whiCh is inCludeD iN a mEMOry maNAGeMenT uNit of a digiTAL prOcessInG sysTem adopTing the virtual storAGe mEthod.
The virtuAl sToraGE MeThoD Is ONe mEaNS foR REmoving constraiNts imposed By THe Physical prOPerTiEs of memOries anD thus PRoducinG a flexiblE program sYsTem. A DIGitAl processiNg system That emploYS the vIRtUal stOraGe methOd Is pRovidEd with A MemOry maNagemeNt Unit 1 foR tranSfOrming a lOgical address output from A proceSsing UniT into a phySicAL adDress on a mAin mEmory withiN a bUs cYcle tHerEOf.
The MemoRY mAnaGEment Unit 1 INcludes an ADdResS TRaNsformation BUFFer 5 And an AddREss traNsfoRmation control cirCUit 6. The address tRansFORmaTioN BuffEr 5 Is arranged to haVe a NeCESsary and MiNimum number Of entrieS wITh whiCh the hIt rate Is in excESS oF A predeTermIneD value, and It iS cONtrolleD bY tHE addreSs trAnSformaTion coNTrol CIRcuit 6. The address tRansfORMatioN ConTrol cIrCuit 6 alsO FuncTions as a so-Called DAT coNtrollEr whIch exEcutes a PaGing prOceSsIng autonomOUsly withoUt the Aid of a cOnTrol ProGram (opEratING systEm
 a first index of refracti on and anactiv e m ate ri al;a mu ltimode innerc ladd ing layer for receivin g pum pr adia t io n, wh ere the in n e r c la dd ing  l a ye r isdis posed a bout the c ore  a nd includesm at erial havi nga second ind exof ref ra cti o n tha t i s les s than the fi rst index  o f  refra c tion; a s ec ondcladding layer di s po s ed about the i nner c la d di n g  la yer , where th esecon d  claddi n gl a y eri ncludes mater ial havinga  th ird in de x o f  refra ction  t h atis less tha n th e secondindexo f refra c tion; a nd a c omp res sive la ye r t ha t  co n tr act s  af ter bein gap plied  tot h e fibe r a nd t hat i s disposed ab out  the fir st cl addin g la ye r for  apply ing s tr ess to the fibe r. T he compre ssi ve  la ye r can be dis pos edasymmet rically abo ut t h einner cladding and /o r ca n be dis poseda bo ut both the  f irs t an d secon d cl a dd ing laye rs. Th e  c la dding-p um ped op ti cal  fi ber c a n in cludeat least  oneb end.
In each o f  the foregoin g  p r a ct i cesofthe inventi on,t he o ptic a lapp a ratus  canin c lu d e an external means  f or app lying  stress to th e cladding - p u mped opt ical fi b er. The extern al me ans can in c lude a m echan ical str ucture ab o u t whichthe  cl add ing - p um ped optical f i b er i sbent.
T hus  whilethe  pr ior  ar ttypically  teaches  a wa yfr omcerta i n featur es  of  t heinven t ion as  clai medab ov e , s uch ast he i nclu si on  ofgra nu lar m atte r , n ormally  consider eda  con ta mi nant, i n a layer ofan  optical f ib erand th e applicat ion of stress to the fi b er, itisunder stoo d, accord ing  to th e i n ventio n, tha t inc lu din g suchf e at ure scan provid e animpro ve d op tical a pparatus including a c ladding-pumpe d o ptic a l  f ibe r .T hepr e sen t invention relat es to a se mi c on ductor mem o ryan d, more  partic ularl y , to atechnical  which ma ybe e f f ect ively appl ied to a n address trans f or matio n b ufferor  th e lik e whic h  is  incl uded i na memo ry ma na gement u nit of a digital proces sing s ystem  ad opting th e v i rtu al storag e me thod.
Thevir tua l sto rag e  meth od i s  o nem eansforr emoving c o ns tra i n ts  imposed by t h e p hysic alp ropert iesof memories and t h us producing a  fle x i ble  pr o gram  s ystem. A digit alpr o c essing s ys tem that em ploys th ev irtua l stor age me thod is p ro v ided w itha m emory man age me n t unit1fo r  trans form in g a lo gicala ddre s s  output from a p roces s i ng un i t i nto a  p hysical addr ess on a m ain memorywithin  a b us cy cle the re of.
Th e m em ory manage m ent unit1 inc ludes a naddr ess  trans form a t ion b uffe r5 a nd an add r e ss tr an s for mati on co nt rolcircuit 6 .  The add res s  transf or mat i o n buff e r5 is arrange d t o hav e a necessar y  and mi n imumnumber  of en tries w i thwh ich the  hi t rate is i n excesso f a  p rede termined  v alue ,and  i t is controlled  by theaddresst r ansfor mat i on c o ntrolci rcuit 6. The  addr es s  transf o r mat ion con t rol  ci rcu it 6  al so f u nctions as a so-called D AT c ontro l ler  whic h exe cu tes a pa g ingprocessi n g autonomousl y without the a i d o f  a c ont r ol  p rogram (o per a tingsyst em
 a_first index_of refraction and an_active material;_a_multimode inner_cladding_layer for receiving_pump radiation, where_the inner cladding layer_is disposed about_the_core and includes material having a second index of refraction that is less than_the_first index_of_refraction;_a second cladding layer disposed_about the inner cladding layer,_where the_second cladding layer includes material having a third_index_of refraction that_is less than the second index of refraction; and_a compressive layer that contracts after_being applied to_the_fiber_and that is disposed_about the first cladding layer for_applying stress to the fiber. The_compressive layer can be disposed asymmetrically about_the inner cladding and/or can be_disposed about both the first_and second_cladding layers. The cladding-pumped optical_fiber can include_at least_one bend.
In each_of the foregoing practices of the_invention, the optical_apparatus can include an external means_for_applying stress to_the_cladding-pumped_optical fiber._The external means_can_include a_mechanical_structure about which the cladding-pumped optical_fiber_is bent.
Thus while the prior art typically_teaches away from certain_features_of the invention as_claimed above, such as the_inclusion of granular matter, normally considered_a contaminant,_in a_layer of an optical fiber and the application of stress to_the fiber, it is understood, according_to the invention, that_including such_features_can provide an_improved_optical apparatus_including a cladding-pumped optical fiber. The present_invention relates_to a semiconductor memory and, more_particularly, to a technical_which_may be effectively applied to an_address transformation buffer or the like_which is included in a_memory_management_unit of a digital processing_system adopting the virtual storage method.
The_virtual storage method_is one means for removing constraints imposed_by_the physical properties of memories and_thus_producing a flexible program system. A_digital_processing_system that employs the virtual_storage method is provided with a_memory management unit 1 for transforming a logical address_output from a_processing unit into a physical_address_on_a main memory within a bus cycle thereof.
The memory management_unit 1_includes an address_transformation buffer 5 and an address transformation control circuit 6._The address transformation buffer 5 is arranged_to have a necessary and minimum number of entries with which_the hit rate is in excess of a_predetermined value, and it is controlled by_the address transformation control_circuit_6. The address transformation control circuit 6_also_functions_as_a so-called DAT_controller which executes_a paging processing_autonomously without_the aid of_a control_program (operating system