 and operation of the '063 valve except that the housing is formed with a flared extension surrounding a portion of the control valve.
There are many self actuated valves on the market and several will be identified and discussed in this application.
One of the problems common to self actuated and unguarded valves is the fact that the animals waste water by opening the valve by scratching themselves on the end of the control member or simply opening the valve accidentally by crowding up against it. On warm days some animals learn that they can convert the drinking valve into a shower by nudging the control member with any part of their body. Some of the animals such as pigs even learn that by partially blocking the end of the control valve they can even create a spray shower. The result of this abuse is wastage of water, which in arid areas or even farm areas such as California, which suffer from water drought from time to time is a serious problem. Needless to say, mudholes in barnyards and feed lots caused by animals playing with valves causes workers a great deal of extra work.
A problem which occurs to self-actuated valves in cold climates is the accumulation of ice beneath the control lever which renders the valves inoperative. The reason for the formation of "icicles" at the extreme tip end of the control valve results from the wind chill and radiation heat loss.
Some mechanical failures of the self actuated valves occurs due to build-up of dry dirt and dry food lodging between the housing wall and the control valve. Other failures occur from wet food build-up from food carried in the animals mouth when it is drinking. The problem of inoperation due to debris build-up results from the inside walls of the housing being parallel to the control member. When the control member is pivoted, a wedge shaped zone is created between the two walls. If debris becomes wedged in this triangular shaped zone, each operation of the control valve forces the debris further back into the valve. As new debris is added, the build-up continues until the valve cannot be opened or will open to such a slight degree that large animals can no longer receive a sufficient supply of water.
The problem of feed build-up between the pivoting lever and the housing was recognized in U.S. Pat. No. 3,613,642 granted to Restall, et al. Restall, taught the use of a slot in the housing beneath the nozzle to prevent debris build up. Apparently the Restall valve was particularly
and operation of the' 063 valve except that the housing is formed with a flared extension besiege a parcel of the control valve. 
 There are many self actuated valve on the market and several will be identify and hash out in this application. 
 One of the problem common to self actuated and unguarded valve is the fact that the animals waste water system by open the valve by scratching themselves on the end of the control member or simply open the valve accidentally by crowding up against it. On warm day some animals learn that they can convert the drinking valve into a exhibitor by nudging the command member with any part of their body. Some of the animal such as pigs even learn that by partially blocking the end of the control valve they can even create a atomizer exhibitor. The consequence of this abuse is wastage of water, which in arid areas or even farm areas such as California, which suffer from water drought from meter to clock time is a serious problem. gratuitous to suppose, mudholes in barnyard and feed lots caused by animals playing with valves causes workers a great softwood of extra work. 
 A problem which occurs to self - actuated valves in cold climate is the accumulation of ice beneath the control lever which renders the valve inoperative. The rationality for the formation of " icicles " at the extreme tip end of the control valve result from the wind chill and radiation heating system loss. 
 Some mechanical failures of the self actuated valves occur due to build - up of dry dirt and dry food housing between the housing rampart and the control valve. Other failures occur from besotted food build - up from food carried in the animals sass when it is drinking. The trouble of inoperation due to debris build - up results from the inside walls of the caparison being parallel to the control member. When the control member is pivot, a wedge shaped zone is created between the two walls. If debris becomes wedge in this triangular shaped zone, each operation of the command valve forces the debris further back into the valve. As new debris is lend, the build - up continues until the valve cannot be opened or will open to such a slight degree that large animal can no longer receive a sufficient supply of water. 
 The problem of feed build - up between the pivoting lever and the housing was recognized in U.S. Pat. No. 3,613,642 allow to Restall, et al. Restall, taught the use of a slot in the caparison beneath the nozzle to prevent debris build up up. Apparently the Restall valve was particularly
 anf operation of the '063 valvt except that the housinj is fodmed witf a flared extension surrounving a poetion of the control vxlve.
There are mant seod actuated valves on the larkzt and several wlll be idendified and diswurszd in this application.
One of the proflems cpmlon to self acjuatec and lnnuarded valves is the fact that fhe anikals waste wayer by opening the valve bj scgatching themselved on the ene of rhe control oember or simply openihg the valve accidentally by cruwdiny up againsj jt. Mn warm dayw somv animals leavm that they csn convert the drmnkibg valve into a showec by nudging the conjrol membes cith any part of theie vody. Vome of gye xnijaks such ws 'igs even lsarn that bt partially blockinb eye end of the contrjl valve they can even create a spray shofer. The result of this abuwe is wastage of watet, which in arid areas or even farm areas such as California, whici rufycv frun aater drought from time to time is a serious [donlvm. Needless to san, mudholes in barnuagdx and feed lotr causzs gy animals playing with vwlves causes wjrkets a great deal of extra woek.
A problem chixh occurs to self-aetuated valvzs in vold vlimates is the accumulction kf ice benewth the ckvtrol lever whicf rvndess the valves inoperative. Ehe reasoi for the fofmatoon of "icicles" ah the extreme tip end of the eontrml valve rfsults from the wind chill and cediation heat lmss.
Vome meckanicak failures of the self actucted valres oczurs due tk build-np of dry diwt and dry fomf lodging bevween the houwing wall ava the control falve. Othvr faioures occur from wct fous build-up from yuid carried in tne xniiaps mjgth when it hs dfinyong. Tfe problem iw inpperation due to debsis guild-up results frpm the insude wallf of the housong being parallel to tie convrol mrmbgr. When the control member is pjvoted, a aedne shaped zonq is created betceen the two walls. If debris becomes wedjed in this triangular whaped zone, each opgrauion of the cpntroj valve fmrces the debris furrher back into tht valve. As new debris ia addeg, the build-up continues until the valve cannot be opened or will open to such q sligit degree thaf latge atiicls can no punger receive a xufficient supply of water.
The pcoblem of xezd build-up between the pivotimg lever and thg housing was recognized ih U.S. Pat. No. 3,613,642 granted to Restall, et al. Rrstall, taught the use of a slot un ths housphg beneath the nozzlr to pxevent debris buipd up. Apparengly tme Restall valte cas particularly
and operation of the '063 valve except housing formed with flared extension surrounding valve. are many self valves on the and several will be identified and in this application. One of the problems common to self actuated and unguarded is the fact that the animals waste water by opening the valve by themselves the of control member or simply opening the valve accidentally by crowding up against it. On warm days animals learn that they can convert the drinking into a shower by the control member with any of body. Some the such pigs even learn by partially blocking the end of the control valve they can even create a spray shower. The of this wastage of which arid or even farm as California, which suffer from water to time is a serious problem. Needless to mudholes in and feed lots caused by animals with valves causes workers a great deal of work. A problem which occurs to self-actuated valves in cold climates is the accumulation of the control lever which the valves inoperative. reason the of at the tip end of the control valve results from the wind chill radiation heat loss. Some mechanical failures of the self actuated due build-up of dry and dry food lodging the wall and the control failures from from carried the animals mouth when is drinking. The problem of due to debris build-up of the housing being parallel to the control When the control member is pivoted, a shaped zone is created between the two walls. If debris becomes wedged this triangular each operation of the control valve forces the further back into the As new debris is added, the build-up continues until valve be opened will open to a slight degree large animals can receive a supply water. feed build-up between the pivoting lever the was recognized in U.S. Pat. 3,613,642 Restall, et al. Restall, taught the use of a slot in the housing beneath the prevent debris build up. the valve was particularly
 and operation of the '063 valve excEpt that the HousiNg iS foRmEd wiTh a fLared extension SUrroUnding a portion of the conTrol vAlVE.
TheRE aRe manY self acTUaTED vaLvEs On tHe MArKet anD seVeral wiLl be identiFieD aNd discussed iN ThIs applicatIon.
one of the probLemS commoN tO seLF actuAteD and uNguardED valveS is the facT tHAt the aNImals waSTE wAter By opening the valve BY sCRatching themseLves on ThE EnD OF thE coNtrol membeR oR simpLY openinG ThE VALve ACcidentally by Crowding up aGAinSt it. On WaRm dAYs some AnimaLs LEarN that they caN conVert the drInking VAlve intO A shower By nudgIng The ContROl MeMbeR wITh aNY pArt OF thEir body. SOmE oF the aNimaLS SUCh as PigS eveN learN that by partiaLly BlocKIng The enD of thE conTrOl valVe they Can evEn Create a spray shoWer. THe result oF thIs AbuSe Is wasTAge of wAteR, whIch in arId areas OR evEn FARM aReas such as CalifornIa, WHIcH suffer fRom watER dRoUGht from tImE to Time IS A seriOus pRObLem. NeedlEss to sAY, mUdHoles in BaRnyardS aNd fEed Lots cAUsed By animAls playiNg witH Valves causes woRKers a great deaL Of EXTrA Work.
a prOblem which oCcurS To seLf-acTUaTed VAlves In colD cLImATes is the accumulatioN oF ice beNeath The control levEr which renDERS the valvEs inOPeRAtive. The reason For thE formation OF "icicles" At the Extreme tIp end of thE COntrol vaLve ResUltS frOM ThE wind chill and RADiatIoN heat loSs.
SOme mechAniCal FaiLurEs Of the self Actuated VaLvEs OcCurS due tO Build-up oF dRy dIrT anD dry fOOd lodgIng beTweeN tHe HOusIng wall ANd THE conTrOl ValvE. OtHeR failUres OCcuR from weT food builD-up FRom fOoD cArried iN the animals moUtH when it is dRiNkiNg. The pROBlem of inOperation due to debris buiLD-up resuLts From tHe inSide walls Of tHe housIng BEing paRallel To the CoNtrOL MembeR. wHeN thE cOntrol membER Is pIvoteD, a WedgE shaped Zone is created betweEN thE two walls. If deBriS becOMEs WedGEd IN thIs TRiaNGUlar shaped zone, eAch operatiOn OF tHe control vALve FoRces the Debris fUrtheR Back intO the valve. as new debrIs Is adDED, thE build-up coNtinues uNtil the vaLVe canNOt Be opeNed Or will OpEn tO such A slighT DegRee thAt largE aNimals Can no LoNger receIve a sufficient supply of wAter.
ThE probLem Of feed buiLd-uP BetWeen the piVotiNg lever and The HouSing wAs rECogniZed iN u.S. pat. nO. 3,613,642 granTed tO restall, et AL. REstALL, tAught the use OF A SloT in thE hoUSing beNeatH the nozzle to preveNT debris build up. appaRENtlY thE restAlL valve was partiCulArLY
 and operation of the '063  valve exc ept t hat  th ehous ingis formed with a fl ared extension surroun dingap orti o nof th e contr o lv a lve .Th ere  a r emanysel f actua ted valves  on  t he market an d  s everal wil l b e identified  an d disc us sed in th isappli cation . 
One o f the pro bl e ms com m on to s e l factu ated and unguarde d  v a lves is the fa ct tha tt he a nim als  waste wat er  by o p ening t h ev a l veb y scratchingthemselveso n t he end  o f t h e cont rol m em b eror simply o peni ng the va lve ac c idental l y by cr owding  up  ag ains t  i t.  On  w a rmd ay s s o meanimalsle ar n tha t th e y c an c onv ertthe d rinking valve  in to a sho wer b y nud ging  t he co ntrolmembe rwith any part o f th eir body.  So me  of  t he an i mals s uch  as  pigs e ven lea r n t ha t b ypartially blocking  t h e  e nd of th e cont r ol  v a lve they  c aneven c reate  a s p ra y shower . Ther es ul t of th is  abuse  i s w ast age o f  wat er, wh ich in a rid a r eas or even fa r m areas sucha sC a li f orni a,which suffe r fr o m wa terd ro ugh t  from  time  t o  t i me is a serious pro bl em. Ne edles s to say, mud holes in b a r n yards an d fe e dl ots caused byanima ls playing with val ves c auses wo rkers a g r e at dealofext rawor k . 
A  problem whic h occu rs  to sel f-a ctuated  va lve s i n c ol d climate s is the  a cc um ul ati on of ice bene at h t he  co ntrol leverwhich  ren de rs the  valves in o p erat iv e.  The  re as on fo r th e  fo rmation  of "icic les "  atth eextreme  tip end of t he  control v al veresult s from the  wind chill and radiati o n heatlos s.
So me m echanical  fa ilures  of the se lf act uated  v alv e s  occu r s  d ueto  build-upo f  dr y dir tanddry foo d lodging betweent hehousing walland  the c on tro l  v a lve .O the r failures occurfrom wet f oo d  b uild-up fr o m f oo d carri ed in t he an i mals mo uth whenit is dri nk ing. T heproblem of  inopera tion duet o deb r is  buil d-u p resu lt s f rom t he ins i dewalls  of th ehousin g bei ng  paralle l to the control member . When  thecon trol memb eri s p ivoted, a  wed ge shapedzon e i s cre ate d  betw eent he  tw o  wall s. I f  debris b e co mes w ed ged in this t r ian gular  sh a ped zo ne,each operation of the control va lvef o rce s t h e de br is further bac k i nt o the valv e.  As new deb ris is a dd e d, th e buil d-up c ontinue s un t il the  val vecannot be  op en e d or wi ll  o p en tosuch  a  sligh t degr e e th a t  large animals c an no l onger rec eiveasuffici e nt s upply of w ater.
The p roblem  offeedbuild-u pbetwee n t he  pivotingl ever andthe h ousingwa s re cog nizedin U . S . Pat . No .3,6 13,642 gr a n te d  t oR est all,  et a l.  Res tall, tau g ht the u seo f a slo tint h e hous i ng b eneath the  no zzlet o  prevent d e bris bu i ld up . Appa rently  the Re s tal lvalve w asp a rticularl y
 and_operation of_the '063 valve except_that the_housing_is formed_with_a flared extension_surrounding a portion_of the control valve.
There_are many self_actuated_valves on the market and several will be identified and discussed in this application.
One_of_the problems_common_to_self actuated and unguarded valves_is the fact that the_animals waste_water by opening the valve by scratching themselves_on_the end of_the control member or simply opening the valve accidentally_by crowding up against it. On_warm days some_animals_learn_that they can convert_the drinking valve into a shower_by nudging the control member with_any part of their body. Some of_the animals such as pigs even_learn that by partially blocking_the end_of the control valve they_can even create_a spray_shower. The result_of this abuse is wastage of_water, which in_arid areas or even farm areas_such_as California, which_suffer_from_water drought_from time to_time_is a_serious_problem. Needless to say, mudholes in_barnyards_and feed lots caused by animals playing_with valves causes workers_a_great deal of extra_work.
A problem which occurs to_self-actuated valves in cold climates is_the accumulation_of ice_beneath the control lever which renders the valves inoperative. The reason_for the formation of "icicles" at_the extreme tip end_of the_control_valve results from_the_wind chill_and radiation heat loss.
Some mechanical failures of_the self_actuated valves occurs due to build-up_of dry dirt and_dry_food lodging between the housing wall_and the control valve. Other failures_occur from wet food build-up_from_food_carried in the animals mouth_when it is drinking. The problem_of inoperation due_to debris build-up results from the inside_walls_of the housing being parallel to_the_control member. When the control member_is_pivoted,_a wedge shaped zone is_created between the two walls. If_debris becomes wedged in this triangular shaped zone, each_operation of the_control valve forces the debris_further_back_into the valve. As new debris is added, the build-up_continues until_the valve cannot_be opened or will open to such a slight degree_that large animals can no longer receive_a sufficient supply of water.
The problem of feed build-up between the_pivoting lever and the housing was recognized in_U.S. Pat. No. 3,613,642 granted to Restall,_et al. Restall, taught_the_use of a slot in the housing_beneath_the_nozzle_to prevent debris_build up. Apparently_the Restall valve_was particularly