 It is also within the scope of the invention for a plurality of the aforementioned species to be bound directly, or through other molecules as discussed above, to an analyte or its analog.
It is similarly within the scope of the invention for the aforementioned xe2x80x9ccompositionxe2x80x9d, hereinafter sometimes an xe2x80x9cECL compositionxe2x80x9d, or a xe2x80x9csystemxe2x80x9d to contain unstable, metastable and other intermediate species formed in the course of the ECL reaction, such as an ECL moiety in an excited state as aforesaid and the above-mentioned strong reducing agent.
Additionally, although the emission of visible light is an advantageous feature of certain embodiments of the invention it is within the scope of the invention for the composition (hereinafter sometimes xe2x80x9cECL compositionxe2x80x9d) or system to emit other types of electromagnetic radiation, such as infrared or ultraviolet light, X-rays, microwaves, etc. Use of the terms xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescencexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescentxe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9cluminescencexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9cluminescentxe2x80x9d and xe2x80x9cluminescexe2x80x9d in connection with the present invention does not require that the emission be light, but admits of the emission""s being such other forms of electromagnetic radiation.
Substantial advantages are conferred on the practitioner of the present invention. The materials and methods in accordance with the invention provide an elegant technology for conducting the ECL detection and quantitation of an analyte of interest over a wide concentration range, down to a very small analyte concentration, in aqueous as well as organic environments. Good precision, and repeatability of detection and quantitation measurements are obtained. The utilization of metal-containing ECL moieties, especially metal chelates, in combination with amine-derived reductants, permits the practitioner of the invention to obtain advantages associated with use of each of these components, while avoiding disadvantages commonly encountered with other ECL techniques involving one or the other, but
It is also within the scope of the invention for a plurality of the aforementioned coinage to be tie directly, or through other molecule as hash out above, to an analyte or its analog. 
 It is similarly within the scope of the invention for the aforesaid xe2x80x9ccompositionxe2x80x9d, hereinafter sometimes an xe2x80x9cECL compositionxe2x80x9d, or a xe2x80x9csystemxe2x80x9d to contain unstable, metastable and other average coinage formed in the course of the ECL chemical reaction, such as an ECL moiety in an excited state as aforesaid and the above - note solid reducing agentive role. 
 Additionally, although the emission of visible inner light is an advantageous feature of speech of certain embodiments of the invention it is within the scope of the invention for the musical composition (hereinafter sometimes xe2x80x9cECL compositionxe2x80x9d) or system to emit early types of electromagnetic radiotherapy, such as infrared or ultraviolet light, adam - rays, microwaves, etc. Use of the terms xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescencexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescentxe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9cluminescencexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9cluminescentxe2x80x9d and xe2x80x9cluminescexe2x80x9d in association with the present invention does not require that the emission be light, but admits of the emission""s being such other forms of electromagnetic radiation. 
 Substantial advantages are conferred on the practitioner of the present invention. The materials and methods in accordance with the invention provide an elegant technology for conducting the ECL detection and quantitation of an analyte of interest over a across-the-board concentration range, down to a very belittled analyte concentration, in aqueous as well as organic environments. effective precision, and repeatability of detection and quantitation measurements are obtained. The use of metal - containing ECL moieties, especially metal chelates, in combination with amine - derived reductants, permits the practitioner of the invention to obtain advantages associated with habit of each of these components, while invalidate disadvantages commonly encountered with other ECL techniques involve one or the other, but
 It is also within the scopt of the inventiou for a pluramity of ghe aforementioned species tl ve boynd directly, or througf other mllecules as viscussed above, vk an analyte kv its enalog.
It is simllarly withhn the scope ox ghz invention for the aforementioned xq2x80x9ccomloditionxe2x80x9d, heteinageer aometimes an xe2x80x9cECL compositionxs2x80x9d, or a xe2x80x9csystekxe2x80x9d to contain unstable, metwstable and other lntermediatg spqxies formed kn the cougve of the GCL reaction, such as an ECL moiegy in an excitee wtahg as aforesamd and the above-meknioned vtrong teducing agent.
Sddmtiobally, although the emmssion of visible lidht is an abvantageous feature od xertahn ekbodknengs kf tge invfntmon it is wjthin the sxope of the inventipn dor the compoaition (hqreinafter sometimes xe2x80x9cECL compositimnxs2x80x9d) or system to emit ither types of electrlmagnetic radiation, such as infrared or ultraviolet light, F-rays, oicxiwaver, ehc. Use of the terms xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescqhctxe2q80x9d, xe2x80x9celectrocmemiluminescentxe2x80c9d, xr2v80x9celectrocheoilumiussdexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9cluminfscenceve2x80x9d, xe2x80x9clumynesventxe2x80x9d and xe2x80x9cluminescwxe2x80x9d in counextion with the predent inventnon dogs not require that the emissnon be light, but wdmits of ghe emission""s bekng sgch other forms of electroiagnetic cadiacion.
Subsgantoal addantages age cokxerred on the prachitiouer ox the presfnt invention. The materials and methods in acvosdatce with the lnvention proviqe an elegant jechnologv for zonducting the ECN detection and quantitadlon of an anelyte of ynteeest over a dide concentrayion rangv, bown to a very small analytc conzsntration, in aqbtouw as well as orbankc qnnirpniants. Good praciskon, snd rdpeatabilitn ow deyection and quantitadion measurements are pbbained. Thg utilizaeion of metal-vontaining ECL moitties, xspecielly mrtaj chelates, in combination with amine-derlveq reductants, pernits the praetitioner of the invention to obtain adventages associated with use of each of thext components, xhile wvoiding gisadvantages commonoy encountered wiuh other ECL techniques involeing lne or the other, but
It is also within the scope of for plurality of aforementioned species to other as discussed above, an analyte or analog. It is similarly within the of the invention for the aforementioned xe2x80x9ccompositionxe2x80x9d, hereinafter sometimes an xe2x80x9cECL compositionxe2x80x9d, or xe2x80x9csystemxe2x80x9d to contain unstable, metastable and other intermediate species formed in the course the reaction, as ECL moiety in an excited state as aforesaid and the above-mentioned strong reducing agent. Additionally, although emission of visible light is an advantageous feature certain embodiments of the it is within the scope the for the (hereinafter xe2x80x9cECL or system to other types of electromagnetic radiation, such as infrared or ultraviolet light, X-rays, microwaves, etc. Use of the xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescencexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescentxe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9cluminescentxe2x80x9d and in with present invention does that the emission be light, but emission""s being such other forms of electromagnetic radiation. advantages are on the practitioner of the present The materials and methods in accordance with the provide an elegant technology for conducting the ECL detection and quantitation of an analyte of a wide concentration range, to a very analyte in as as organic Good precision, and repeatability of detection and quantitation measurements are obtained. utilization of metal-containing ECL moieties, especially metal chelates, in combination reductants, the practitioner of invention to obtain advantages with of each of these avoiding commonly ECL involving or the other, but
 It is also within the scope of tHe inventioN for a PluRalItY of tHe afOrementioned spECies To be bound directly, or thrOugh oThER molECuLes as DiscussED aBOVe, tO aN aNalYtE Or Its anAloG.
It is siMilarly witHin ThE scope of the iNVeNtion for thE afOrementioned Xe2x80X9ccompOsItiONxe2x80x9D, heReinaFter soMEtimes An xe2x80x9cECl cOMpositIOnxe2x80x9d, OR A xE2x80x9cSystemxe2x80x9d to contAIn UNstable, metastaBle and OtHEr INTerMedIate specieS fOrmed IN the couRSe OF THe Ecl reaction, such As an ECL moieTY in An exciTeD stATe as afOresaId ANd tHe above-mentIoneD strong reDucing AGent.
AddITionallY, althoUgh The EmisSIoN oF viSiBLe lIGhT is AN adVantageoUs FeAture Of ceRTAIN embOdiMentS of thE invention it iS wiThin THe sCope oF the iNvenTiOn for The comPositIoN (hereinafter somEtimEs xe2x80x9cECl coMpOsiTiOnxe2x80X9D) or sysTem To eMit otheR types oF EleCtROMAgNetic radiation, such As INFrAred or ulTravioLEt LiGHt, X-rays, mIcRowAves, ETC. Use oF the TErMs xe2x80x9ceLectroCHeMiLuminesCeNcexe2x80X9d, Xe2x80X9ceLectrOChemIluminEscentxe2X80x9d, xe2X80X9celectrochemiLUminescexe2x80x9d, XE2x80X9CLuMInesCenCexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9ClumINescEntxE2X80x9D anD Xe2x80x9cLuminEsCExE2X80x9d in connection with ThE preseNt invEntion does not Require thaT THE emissioN be lIGhT, But admits of the EmissIon""s being sUCh other fOrms oF electroMagnetic rADIation.
SuBstAntIal AdvANTaGes are conferrED On thE pRactitiOneR of the pResEnt InvEntIoN. The materIals and mEtHoDs In AccOrdanCE with the InVenTiOn pRovidE An elegAnt teChnoLoGy FOr cOnductiNG tHE eCL dEtEcTion And QuAntitAtioN Of aN analytE of intereSt oVEr a wIdE cOncentrAtion range, dowN tO a very smalL aNalYte conCENtration, In aqueous as well as organiC EnvironMenTs. GooD preCision, and RepEatabiLitY Of deteCtion aNd quaNtItaTIOn meaSUReMenTs Are obtaineD. tHe uTilizAtIon oF metal-cOntaining ECL moietiES, esPecially metal CheLateS, IN cOmbINaTIon WiTH amINE-derived reductaNts, permits ThE PrActitioner OF thE iNventioN to obtaIn advANtages aSsociated With use of EaCh of THEse Components, While avoIding disaDVantaGEs CommoNly EncounTeRed With oTher ECl TecHniquEs invoLvIng one Or the OtHer, but
 It is also within the sco pe of theinven tio n f or  a p lura lity of the af o reme ntioned species to bebound  d i rect l y,  or t hrougho th e r  mo le cu les  a s  d iscus sed  above,  to an ana lyt eor its analo g .It is simi lar ly within th e s cope o fthe inven tio n for  the a f oremen tioned xe 2x 8 0x9cco m positio n x e2 x80x 9d, hereinafter s o me t imes an xe2x80 x9cECL  c o mp o s iti onx e2x80x9d,or  a xe 2 x80x9cs y st e m x e2x 8 0x9d to conta in unstable ,  me tastab le  an d  other  inte rm e dia te speciesform ed in the  cours e  of the ECL rea ction,  su chas a n  E CL  mo ie t y i n  a n e x cit ed state  a safore said a n d  the  ab ove- menti oned strong r edu cing age nt.
A dditi onal ly , alt houghthe e mi ssion of visibl e li ght is an  ad va nta ge ous f e atureofcer tain em bodimen t s o ft h e  i nvention it is wit hi n th e scopeof the in ve n tion for  t hecomp o s ition  (he r ei nafter s ometim e sxe 2x80x9c EC L comp os iti onx e2x80 x 9d)or sys tem to e mit o t her types of e l ectromagnetic ra d i at i on,suc h as infrar ed o r  ult ravi o le t l i ght,X-ray s, mi c rowaves, etc. Use o fthe te rms x e2x80x9celect rochemilum i n e scencexe 2x80 x 9d ,  xe2x80x9celec troch emilumines c entxe2x8 0x9d,  xe2x80x 9celectro c h emilumin esc exe 2x8 0x9 d ,  x e2x80x9clumin e s cenc ex e2x80x9 d,xe2x80x 9cl umi nes cen tx e2x80x9dand xe2x 80 x9 cl um ine scexe 2 x80x9d i ncon ne cti on wi t h theprese nt i nv en t ion  does n o tr e quir eth at t heem issio n be lig ht, but  admits o f t h e em is si on""s b eing such oth er  forms ofel ect romagn e t ic radia tion.
Substantial advan t ages ar e c onfer redon the pr act itione r o f  the p resent  inve nt ion . The m a t er ial sand method s inaccor da ncewith th e invention provid e  an  elegant tech nol ogyf o rcon d uc t ing  t h e E C L  detection andquantitati on of  an analyt e  of  i nterest  over a  wide concent ration ra nge, down  t o av e rysmall anal yte conc entration ,  in a q ue ous a s w ell as  o rga nic e nviron m ent s. Go od pre ci sion,and r ep eatabili ty of detection and qua ntitat ion m eas urementsare obt ained. Th e ut ilizationofmet al-co nta i ningECLm oi eti e s, es peci a lly metal ch ela t e s,  in combina t i o n w ith a min e -deriv ed r eductants, permit s  the practitio nero f  th e i n vent io n to obtain ad van ta g e s associ at ed with use  of each  o f  thes e comp onents , while a vo i ding d isad van tages com mon ly encount er ed with o ther  E CL tec hnique s  inv o l ving one or theother , but
 It_is also_within the scope of_the invention_for_a plurality_of_the aforementioned species_to be bound_directly, or through other_molecules as discussed_above,_to an analyte or its analog.
It is similarly within the scope of the invention_for_the aforementioned_xe2x80x9ccompositionxe2x80x9d,_hereinafter_sometimes an xe2x80x9cECL compositionxe2x80x9d, or_a xe2x80x9csystemxe2x80x9d to contain unstable,_metastable and_other intermediate species formed in the course of_the_ECL reaction, such_as an ECL moiety in an excited state as_aforesaid and the above-mentioned strong reducing_agent.
Additionally, although the_emission_of_visible light is an_advantageous feature of certain embodiments of_the invention it is within the_scope of the invention for the composition_(hereinafter sometimes xe2x80x9cECL compositionxe2x80x9d) or system_to emit other types of_electromagnetic radiation,_such as infrared or ultraviolet_light, X-rays, microwaves,_etc. Use_of the terms_xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescencexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescentxe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9celectrochemiluminescexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9cluminescencexe2x80x9d, xe2x80x9cluminescentxe2x80x9d and_xe2x80x9cluminescexe2x80x9d in connection_with the present invention does not_require_that the emission_be_light,_but admits_of the emission""s_being_such other_forms_of electromagnetic radiation.
Substantial advantages are conferred_on_the practitioner of the present invention. The_materials and methods in_accordance_with the invention provide_an elegant technology for conducting_the ECL detection and quantitation of_an analyte_of interest_over a wide concentration range, down to a very small analyte_concentration, in aqueous as well as_organic environments. Good precision,_and repeatability_of_detection and quantitation_measurements_are obtained._The utilization of metal-containing ECL moieties, especially_metal chelates,_in combination with amine-derived reductants, permits_the practitioner of the_invention_to obtain advantages associated with use_of each of these components, while_avoiding disadvantages commonly encountered with_other_ECL_techniques involving one or the_other, but