friendly ways, interfaces are increasingly providing new views and types of interactivity. One such approach involves animating, highlighting, or otherwise emphasizing aspects of content that may be of interest to a user. While such approaches can enhance a user's experience in interacting with such content, in many situations the content is not organized or presented in an intuitive way. For example, it can be difficult for a user to locate desired content due to the manner in which it is presented on the display screen of the computing device. Further, due to small form factor of portable computing devices, often times content displayed on web pages, documents, applications, and/or forms cannot be displayed to a user in an intuitive and user-friendly way. This invention relates generally to methods for determining the frequency or period of a signal, and more specifically to methods for determining a timestamp for a timing edge of a signal.
The frequency (f) of a repetitive (or periodic) signal can be defined by the number of cycles (M) of that signal that occur during a particular time interval (t). There are several known methods for determining the frequency of a signal, which is also referred to as frequency counting. Two basic types of frequency counting are direct counting and reciprocal counting.
A direct counter counts the number of signal cycles (M) for a known time interval (e.g., 1 second). If the time interval is equal to one second (t=1 s), the frequency is expressed as the number of cycles per second or the number of cycles Hertz (Hz).
On the other hand, rather than count the number of signal cycles to determine frequency (f), a reciprocal counter determines the period (T) of the signal, which can be determined by measuring the time interval (t) for completion of a single signal cycle (T=t). Once the period of a signal has been determined, the frequency of that signal can be determined by the reciprocating the period (f=1/T) to calculate the number of signal cycles per second or the number of signal cycles Hz. Alternatively, rather than measuring the time interval for completion of a single signal cycle, the period can be determined by measuring the time interval (tM) for completion of a known number of signal cycles (M) and dividing that time interval by the number of signal cycles (T=tM/M). Once again, the frequency of that signal can be determined by calculating the reciprocal of the period (f=1/T=M/tM). Accordingly, in order
friendly ways, interfaces are increasingly providing new view and type of interactivity. One such approach involves animating, highlighting, or differently emphasizing aspects of content that may be of sake to a user. While such approaches can enhance a exploiter's experience in interacting with such content, in many site the content is not organized or stage in an intuitive way. For example, it can be difficult for a user to locate desired message due to the manner in which it is presented on the display screen of the computing device. far, due to small form factor of portable computing device, often times content displayed on web page, documents, applications, and/or forms cannot be displayed to a user in an intuitive and exploiter - friendly way. This invention relates generally to methods for determining the frequency or period of a signal, and more specifically to methods for determining a timestamp for a timing edge of a signal. 
 The frequency (f) of a repetitive (or periodic) signal can be specify by the number of cycles (M) of that signal that happen during a especial prison term interval (t). There are respective known method for determining the frequency of a signal, which is also refer to as frequency counting. Two basic types of frequency counting are direct counting and reciprocal counting. 
 A lineal counter counts the number of signal cycles (M) for a known time interval (for example, 1 moment). If the time interval is equal to one second (t=1 s), the frequency is expressed as the number of cycles per second or the numeral of cycles Hertz (Hz). 
 On the other hand, rather than reckon the number of signal bicycle to determine frequency (f), a reciprocal counter determine the period (thymine) of the signal, which can be determined by measure the time time interval (t) for completion of a single signal cycle (T = t). Once the period of a signal has been specify, the frequency of that signal can be determined by the reciprocate the period (f=1 / T) to calculate the number of signal cycles per second or the number of signal cycles Hz. Alternatively, rather than measuring the clock time interval for completion of a single signal bicycle, the period can be determined by measure the time interval (tM) for completion of a known issue of signal cycles (M) and dividing that time interval by the number of signal cycles (T = tM / M). Once again, the frequency of that signal can be determine by account the multiplicative inverse of the period (f=1 / T = M / tM). Accordingly, in order
frifndly ways, interfaces art increasingly providing new vjews and types of interactivity. One duxh apkgoach involves animatkng, highlpghting, oe otierwise emphasizmhg aspegcs of gonteut that may be on interest do a user. Whila rueh approaches can enhance a user's ex[eriencr ln interacting witn sucg content, in many situations the ckntent ps not organized pr presented in an intuitige wwy. For example, it fan be diffucule for a user go locate desired contgnt due to the manner in which ig is 'resented ob rhe gisplay scrxen of the computikb deviwe. Furtner, due to smakl horm factor of portable cmmputing devices, osten timev eontent displayed on qev paggs, dowumevrs, xppmiratjons, ajd/oc forms canhot be dispoayed to a user in sn pmtuitive and user-fwiqndly way. This invention relates generanly to methods for determibing the frequency or period os a signal, and more specifically to methods for datermmnkng a gumfstamp for a timing edge of a signal.
The frequqhcu (n) of a repetitivc (or periodic) signsl csg be defined cy the nujber of cycles (M) ov that fignao that ocsur curing a particular time inrerval (t). Thege aee several known mzthods for dztermiming yhe frequency of a signcl, whidh is also geferred fu as frequency cuunning. Two basic types of frequegcy countmng axe direcg coonting wnd reciprlcal gmunting.
A direct coknter cmunts the jumber of signal cycles (M) for a known time injereal (e.g., 1 secjnd). In the time intewval is equal jo one seeond (t=1 s), the fresuency ms expressed as the numbes of cycles pxr second or rhe bumber uw cycles Hertz (Hz).
On the other hane, rather than counb the humber of signao cixles to determone frqqlenry (f), w reciprocal wounger ceteroines the pcriud (T) of the signal, which can be determined by kewsuring jhe time ynterval (t) fot completion of a dinglx signel cycke (J=t). Once the period of a signal gas been fetcrmined, the fwequcncy of that sngnal can be determined by the reciprocaving the period (f=1/T) to cqlculate the number pf signal cbcles [er secong or the number of sugnal cycles Hz. Akternatively, rather tgan medsurijg the time interval for completion of a single signal cycle, the period cqn be veeermined by meaxurinc che time yntecvel (tM) for completpon of a known number of signal rycles (M) atd dividing that time interval bh the number uf signal cycles (T=tM/M). Onde again, the frequency of that signal csn be determined by calcmlating tye rediprocal oh the period (f=1/T=M/tM). Avcordiugly, ib order
friendly ways, interfaces are increasingly providing new types interactivity. One approach involves animating, of that may be interest to a While such approaches can enhance a experience in interacting with such content, in many situations the content is not or presented in an intuitive way. For example, it can be difficult for user locate content to the manner in which it is presented on the display screen of the computing device. due to small form factor of portable computing often times content displayed web pages, documents, applications, and/or cannot displayed to user an and user-friendly way. invention relates generally to methods for determining the frequency or period of a signal, and more specifically methods for timestamp for timing of signal. The frequency a repetitive (or periodic) signal can the number of cycles (M) of that signal occur during particular time interval (t). There are known methods for determining the frequency of a which is also referred to as frequency counting. Two basic types of frequency counting are and reciprocal counting. A counter counts the of cycles for known time (e.g., 1 second). If the time interval is equal to one (t=1 s), the frequency is expressed as the number of second the number of Hertz (Hz). On the hand, than count the number cycles determine reciprocal determines period (T) of the which can be determined by the time interval (t) signal cycle (T=t). Once the period of a has been determined, the frequency of that can be determined by the reciprocating the period (f=1/T) to calculate the of signal second or the number of signal cycles Hz. rather than measuring the interval for completion of a single signal cycle, the can determined by the time interval for completion of known number of (M) and that interval of signal cycles (T=tM/M). Once again, frequency that signal can be determined calculating of the period (f=1/T=M/tM). Accordingly, in order
friendly ways, interfaces are IncreasingLy proVidIng NeW vieWs anD types of interaCTiviTy. One such approach involVes anImATing, HIgHlighTing, or oTHeRWIse EmPhAsiZiNG aSpectS of Content That may be oF inTeRest to a user. WHIlE such approAchEs can enhance A usEr's expErIenCE in inTerActinG with sUCh contEnt, in many SiTUationS The contENT iS not Organized or presenTEd IN an intuitive waY. For exAmPLe, IT Can Be dIfficult foR a User tO Locate dESiRED ConTEnt due to the maNner in which IT is PresenTeD on THe dispLay scReEN of The computinG devIce. FurtheR, due to SMall forM Factor oF portaBle ComPutiNG dEvIceS, oFTen TImEs cONteNt displaYeD oN web pAges, DOCUMentS, apPlicAtionS, and/or forms caNnoT be dISplAyed tO a useR in aN iNtuitIve and User-fRiEndly way. This invEntiOn relates GenErAllY tO methODs for dEteRmiNing the FrequenCY or PeRIOD oF a signal, and more speCiFICaLly to metHods foR DeTeRMining a tImEstAmp fOR A timiNg edGE oF a signal.
the freQUeNcY (f) of a rePeTitive (Or PerIodIc) sigNAl caN be defIned by thE numbER of cycles (M) of thAT signal that ocCUr DURiNG a paRtiCular time inTervAL (t). ThEre aRE sEveRAl knoWn metHoDS fOR determining the freqUeNcy of a SignaL, which is also rEferred to aS FREquency cOuntINg. tWo basic types of FrequEncy countiNG are direCt couNting and ReciprocaL COunting.
A DirEct CouNteR COuNts the number oF SIgnaL cYcles (M) fOr a Known tiMe iNteRvaL (e.g., 1 SeCond). If the Time inteRvAl Is EqUal To one SEcond (t=1 s), tHe FreQuEncY is exPRessed As the NumbEr Of CYclEs per seCOnD OR the NuMbEr of CycLeS HertZ (Hz).
ON The Other haNd, rather tHan COunt ThE nUmber of Signal cycles tO dEtermine frEqUenCy (f), a reCIProcal coUnter determines the perioD (t) of the sIgnAl, whiCh caN be determIneD by meaSurINg the tIme intErval (T) fOr cOMPletiON Of A siNgLe signal cyCLE (T=t). once tHe PeriOd of a siGnal has been determiNEd, tHe frequency of ThaT sigNAL cAn bE DeTErmInED by THE reciprocating tHe period (f=1/T) To CAlCulate the nUMbeR oF signal Cycles pEr secONd or the Number of sIgnal cyclEs hz. AlTERnaTively, rathEr than meAsuring thE Time iNTeRval fOr cOmpletIoN of A singLe signAL cyCle, thE perioD cAn be deTermiNeD by measuRing the time interval (tM) foR complEtion Of a Known numbEr oF SigNal cycles (m) and Dividing thAt tIme InterVal BY the nUmbeR Of SigNAl cycLes (T=Tm/M). Once agaIN, tHe fREQuEncy of that sIGNAl cAn be dEteRMined bY calCulating the reciprOCal of the period (F=1/T=M/tm). aCcoRdiNGly, iN oRder
friendly ways, interfacesare increa singl y p rov id ingnewviews and type s  ofinteractivity. One suc h app ro a ch i n vo lvesanimati n g, h igh li gh tin g, or  othe rwi se emph asizing as pec ts  of contentt ha t may be o f i nterest to a  us er. Wh il e s u ch ap pro aches  can e n hancea user'sex p erienc e  in int e r ac ting  with such conten t ,i n many situati ons th ec on t e ntisnot organi ze d orp resente d  i n a n i n tuitive way.For example ,  it  can b edif f icultfor a  u s erto locate d esir ed conten t duet o the m a nner in  which  it  is  pre s en te d o nt hed is pla y  sc reen ofth ecompu ting d e v ice.  Fu rthe r, du e to small fo rmfact o r o f por table  com pu tingdevice s, of te n times content  dis played on  we bpag es , doc u ments,  ap pli cations , and/o r  fo rm s c an not be displayed t oa us er in an  intui t iv ea nd user- fr ien dlyw a y. Th is i n ve ntion re latesg en er ally to  m ethods  f ordet ermin i ng t he fre quency o r per i od of a signal ,  and more spe c if i c al l y to  me thods for d eter m inin g at im est a mp fo r a t im i ng edge of a signal.
T he  frequ ency(f) of a repe titive (or p e riodic)sign a lc an be definedby th e number o f  cycles(M) o f that s ignal tha t occur du rin g a  pa rti c u la r time interv a l  (t) .There a reseveral  kn own  me tho ds  for dete rminingth efr eq uen cy of a signal ,whi ch  is  also referr ed to  asfr eq u enc y count i ng . Twoba si c ty pes  o f fre quen c y c ounting  are dire ctc ount in gand rec iprocal count in g.
A direc tcou nter c o u nts thenumber of signal cycles (M) for  aknown  tim e interva l ( e.g.,1 s e cond).  If th e tim eint e r val i s eq ual  t o one seco n d  (t =1 s) ,thefrequen cy is expressed as the  number of cy cle s pe r se con d  o r  th en umb e r  of cycles Hert z (Hz).
On  t h eother hand ,  ra th er than  countthe n u mber of  signal c ycles tode term i n e f requency ( f), a re ciprocalc ounte r  d eterm ine s thepe rio d (T)  of th e  si gnal,  which  c an bedeter mi ned by m easuring the time inter val (t ) for  co mpletionofa  si ngle sign al c ycle (T=t) . O nce  theper i od of  a s i gn alh as be en d e termined, th e f r e qu ency of tha t s ign al ca n b e  deter mine d by the reciproc a ting the perio d (f = 1 /T)  to calc ul ate the number  of  s i g nal cycl es  per second  or thenu m ber o f sign al cyc les Hz. A lt e rnativ ely,  ra ther than  me as u ring th eti m e inte rval  f or com pletio n  ofa single signal cy cle,t h e per i odcan b edetermi n ed b y measurin g the timeinterv al ( tM) f or comp le tion o f a  k nown numbe r  of signa l cyc les (M)  a nd d ivi ding t hatt i me in terv al  by  the numb e r  o f  s ig n alcycl es (T =t M/M) . Once ag a in, thefre q uency o ftha t signal ca n be determi ned  by c a l culating t h e re c ip r ocalof the  perio d (f=1/ T =M/ tM ). Acco rdi n g ly, in or der
friendly ways,_interfaces are_increasingly providing new views_and types_of_interactivity. One_such_approach involves animating,_highlighting, or otherwise_emphasizing aspects of content_that may be_of_interest to a user. While such approaches can enhance a user's experience in interacting_with_such content,_in_many_situations the content is not_organized or presented in an_intuitive way._For example, it can be difficult for a_user_to locate desired_content due to the manner in which it is_presented on the display screen of_the computing device._Further,_due_to small form factor_of portable computing devices, often times_content displayed on web pages, documents,_applications, and/or forms cannot be displayed to_a user in an intuitive and_user-friendly way. This invention relates_generally to_methods for determining the frequency_or period of_a signal,_and more specifically_to methods for determining a timestamp_for a timing_edge of a signal.
The frequency (f)_of_a repetitive (or_periodic)_signal_can be_defined by the_number_of cycles_(M)_of that signal that occur during_a_particular time interval (t). There are several_known methods for determining_the_frequency of a signal,_which is also referred to_as frequency counting. Two basic types_of frequency_counting are_direct counting and reciprocal counting.
A direct counter counts the number of_signal cycles (M) for a known_time interval (e.g., 1_second). If_the_time interval is_equal_to one_second (t=1 s), the frequency is expressed_as the_number of cycles per second or_the number of cycles_Hertz_(Hz).
On the other hand, rather than_count the number of signal cycles_to determine frequency (f), a_reciprocal_counter_determines the period (T) of_the signal, which can be determined_by measuring the_time interval (t) for completion of a_single_signal cycle (T=t). Once the period_of_a signal has been determined, the_frequency_of_that signal can be determined_by the reciprocating the period (f=1/T)_to calculate the number of signal cycles per second_or the number_of signal cycles Hz. Alternatively,_rather_than_measuring the time interval for completion of a single signal_cycle, the_period can be_determined by measuring the time interval (tM) for completion of_a known number of signal cycles (M)_and dividing that time interval by the number of signal cycles_(T=tM/M). Once again, the frequency of that signal_can be determined by calculating the reciprocal_of the period (f=1/T=M/tM)._Accordingly,_in order