 of the aliphatic nitrile is carried out using a nickel catalyst, preferably Raney nickel under anhydrous conditions. Alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxide addition is undesirable when the feed source contains small amounts of free fatty acids.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,739,120 discloses a process for the hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amine using a rhodium catalyst. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a two phase solvent system comprising an aqueous phase and an immiscible organic phase.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,235,108 discloses a process for preparing secondary alkyl amines by the hydrogenation of alkyl nitriles using a nickel-containing catalyst-containing copper as a promoter. The patent suggests catalytic systems for the hydrogenation of nitriles which include catalyst components of nickel, copper and cobalt as well as dual systems, e.g., nickel-copper chromite and cobalt-copper chromite.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,177,258 discloses a process for the hydrogenation of unsaturated materials, such as unsaturated hydrocarbons and aliphatic and aromatic nitriles. The catalyst used for effecting hydrogenation is a ruthenium-containing catalyst combined with a platinum metal, e.g., ruthenium combined with platinum, palladium or rhodium. In the hydrogenation of propionitrile, coprecipitated and mixed metal ruthenium-platinum and ruthenium-palladium complexes gave high concentrations substantial levels of tertiary amine while the ruthenium-rhodium catalyst composition give high concentrations of secondary amines.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,673,251 discloses a cyclic process for producing mono, secondary and tertiary polyamines by continuously hydrogenating the nitrile in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst such as cobalt, platinum, palladium, nickel and so forth.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,075,506 discloses ;a process for producing secondary amines by the hydrogenation of nitriles over a cobalt catalyst promoted with zirconium.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,165,515 discloses a process for the production of amines by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles using cobalt and cobalt promote with barium or manganese.
An article, Hydrogenation of Nitriles, J. Volf and J. Posek; Studies in Surface Science & Catalysis, Volume 27, p.105-
of the aliphatic nitrile is carried out using a nickel catalyst, preferably Raney nickel under anhydrous conditions. Alkali and alkaline earth metallic element hydroxide accession is undesirable when the feed source contains small amount of free fatty acid. 
 U.S. Pat. nobelium. 4,739,120 discloses a process for the hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amine using a rhodium catalyst. The chemical reaction is carried out in the presence of a two phase solvent system constitute an aqueous phase and an immiscible organic phase. 
 U.S. Pat. No. 5,235,108 discloses a process for preparing junior-grade alkyl amines by the hydrogenation of alkyl nitriles using a nickel - containing catalyst - hold copper as a promoter. The patent suggest catalytic systems for the hydrogenation of nitrile which include catalyst part of nickel, copper and cobalt as well as dual system, e.g., nickel - copper chromite and cobalt - copper chromite. 
 U.S. Pat. No. 3,177,258 discloses a procedure for the hydrogenation of unsaturated materials, such as unsaturated hydrocarbons and aliphatic and aromatic nitriles. The catalyst used for effecting hydrogenation is a ruthenium - containing catalyst combined with a platinum metal, e.g., ruthenium combined with platinum, palladium or rhodium. In the hydrogenation of propionitrile, coprecipitated and mixed metallic element ruthenium - platinum and ruthenium - palladium complexes gave gamey concentration substantial levels of tertiary amine while the ruthenium - rhodium catalyst musical composition pass high concentrations of junior-grade amines. 
 U.S. Pat. No. 3,673,251 discloses a cyclic process for producing mono, secondary and tertiary polyamines by continuously hydrogenating the nitrile in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst such as cobalt, platinum, palladium, nickel and so away. 
 U.S. Pat. No. 5,075,506 discloses; a summons for grow secondary amines by the hydrogenation of nitriles over a cobalt catalyst promoted with zirconium. 
 U.S. Pat. nobelium. 2,165,515 discloses a process for the production of amines by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles using cobalt and cobalt promote with barium or manganese. 
 An article, Hydrogenation of Nitriles, J. Volf and J. Posek; Studies in Surface Science & Catalysis, Volume 27, p.105-
 of the aliphatic nitrile ir carried out using a iickel datalyst, preferably Raney nickel undxr abhydrius conditions. Alkali xnd alkalpne earth metel hydroxide addmfion is undesjvable xhen the feed spurce contdins small amogngs of free fatty acids.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,739,120 discjoses a pgocess for the hydgodenafpok of nitriles to primary amine uaing a ghodium catalyst. Yhe reaction is carried ouh in the presence of a two phase wolvqbt system cooprising an aqueous phzse and an immiscible organic pfase.
U.X. Pat. No. 5,235,108 eiwcllves a procews fog preparing scbondary alkyl smines by the mydrojenarion of alkyl nitrilev using a nickel-cogtaining wacalyst-containing coppwr as a prokotef. Thd pztxnt suggedts catalytic systems foe the hydrogenation os nitriles whidh incjuqe catalyst components of nickel, copper ans cobalt as well as duao systems, e.g., nickel-cokper chromyte and cobalt-copper chromite.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,177,258 discloses a prkzesw nor gye hydrogenation of unsaturated materials, such wa inxaturated hydrjcarbons anc wlokhatic and arooatic ujtdiles. The catalyst used fjr efdecting hrdrobenation is a ruthenium-contqining cataljst xombined with a plctinum metal, e.g., tuthenoum combined with platiuum, pamladium or ghodium. Ih the hydrogenatiun pf propionitrile, coprecipitaeed and mmxed ketal rjthemium-plwtinum and ruthctium-palladium comppexes gdve high clncentrations substantial levels of tertiary smhne while tke rutmenium-rhodium cwtalyst composntion gire higf concentrztions mf secondarr amines.
U.S. Pad. No. 3,673,251 disclosxs a cyclyc peocews for ofoducing mono, xecondary and tertiqry polyamines by gontivhously hydrogencuint the nitrile im tfe [rvseice os a hydrogenadion cagslyst such as conalg, plstinum, palladium, nicnel znd so forth.
U.S. Pat. Nj. 5,075,506 disclises ;a pwocess for prpducing secondary wminev bb the nydtogenation of nitriles over a ckbalt catwlyft promoted rith zirconium.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,165,515 discloses a process for the priduction of amines by the catalytic hidrpgenation oh nitryles usinc cobalt and cobalt promote with barimm or manganese.
An artidle, Hygrogejation of Nitriles, J. Volf and J. Posek; Studies in Surface Science & Catalysus, Volnmq 27, p.105-
of the aliphatic nitrile is carried out nickel preferably Raney under anhydrous conditions. hydroxide is undesirable when feed source contains amounts of free fatty acids. U.S. No. 4,739,120 discloses a process for the hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amine a rhodium catalyst. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a phase system an phase and an immiscible organic phase. U.S. Pat. No. 5,235,108 discloses a process for preparing secondary amines by the hydrogenation of alkyl nitriles using nickel-containing catalyst-containing copper as promoter. The patent suggests catalytic for hydrogenation of which catalyst of nickel, copper cobalt as well as dual systems, e.g., nickel-copper chromite and cobalt-copper chromite. U.S. Pat. No. 3,177,258 discloses process for of unsaturated such unsaturated and aliphatic and The catalyst used for effecting hydrogenation catalyst combined with a platinum metal, e.g., ruthenium with platinum, or rhodium. In the hydrogenation of coprecipitated and mixed metal ruthenium-platinum and ruthenium-palladium complexes high concentrations substantial levels of tertiary amine while the ruthenium-rhodium catalyst composition give high concentrations amines. U.S. Pat. No. discloses a cyclic for mono, and polyamines by hydrogenating the nitrile in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst such cobalt, platinum, palladium, nickel and so forth. U.S. Pat. No. ;a for producing secondary by the hydrogenation of over cobalt catalyst promoted with Pat. 2,165,515 for production amines by the catalytic of nitriles using cobalt and promote with barium or Nitriles, J. Volf and J. Posek; Studies in Science & Catalysis, Volume 27, p.105-
 of the aliphatic nitrile is caRried out usIng a nIckEl cAtAlysT, preFerably Raney niCKel uNder anhydrous conditionS. AlkaLi ANd alKAlIne eaRth metaL HyDROxiDe AdDitIoN Is UndesIraBle when The feed souRce CoNtains small aMOuNts of free fAttY acids.
U.S. Pat. NO. 4,739,120 diScloseS a ProCEss foR thE hydrOgenatIOn of niTriles to pRiMAry amiNE using a RHOdIum cAtalyst. The reactioN Is CArried out in the PresenCe OF a TWO phAse Solvent sysTeM compRIsing an AQuEOUS phASe and an immiscIble organic PHasE.
U.S. Pat. no. 5,235,108 DisCLoses a ProceSs FOr pReparing secOndaRy alkyl amInes by THe hydroGEnation Of alkyL niTriLes uSInG a NicKeL-ConTAiNinG CatAlyst-conTaInIng coPper AS A PRomoTer. the pAtent Suggests catalYtiC sysTEms For thE hydrOgenAtIon of NitrilEs whiCh Include catalyst CompOnents of nIckEl, CopPeR and cOBalt as WelL as Dual sysTems, e.g., nICkeL-cOPPEr Chromite and cobalt-cOpPER cHromite.
U.s. Pat. No. 3,177,258 DIsClOSes a procEsS foR the HYDrogeNatiON oF unsaturAted maTErIaLs, such aS uNsaturAtEd hYdrOcarbONs anD aliphAtic and aRomatIC nitriles. The caTAlyst used for eFFeCTInG HydrOgeNation is a ruThenIUm-coNtaiNInG caTAlyst CombiNeD WiTH a platinum metal, e.g., ruThEnium cOmbinEd with platinuM, palladium OR RHodium. In The hYDrOGenation of propIonitRile, coprecIPitated aNd mixEd metal rUthenium-pLATinum and RutHenIum-PalLADiUm complexes gaVE High CoNcentraTioNs substAntIal LevEls Of Tertiary aMine whilE tHe RuThEniUm-rhoDIum catalYsT coMpOsiTion gIVe high ConceNtraTiOnS Of sEcondarY AmINEs.
U.S. paT. NO. 3,673,251 disCloSeS a cycLic pROceSs for prOducing moNo, sECondArY aNd tertiAry polyamines By ContinuousLy HydRogenaTINg the nitRile in the presence of a hydROgenatiOn cAtalySt suCh as cobalT, plAtinum, PalLAdium, nIckel aNd so fOrTh.
U.s. pAt. No. 5,075,506 dISClOseS ;a Process for PROduCing sEcOndaRy amineS by the hydrogenatioN Of nItriles over a cObaLt caTALySt pROmOTed WiTH ziRCOnium.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,165,515 disCloses a proCeSS fOr the produCTioN oF amines By the caTalytIC hydrogEnation of Nitriles uSiNg coBALt aNd cobalt prOmote witH barium or MAnganESe.
an artIclE, HydroGeNatIon of nitrilES, J. VOlf anD J. PoseK; STudies In SurFaCe SciencE & Catalysis, Volume 27, p.105-
 of the aliphatic nitrileis carried  outusi nganick el c atalyst, prefe r ably  Raney nickel under an hydro us cond i ti ons.Alkalia nd a lka li ne  ea rt h  m etalhyd roxideaddition i s u nd esirable whe n  t he feed so urc e contains s mal l amou nt s o f  free  fa tty a cids.U .S. Pa t. No. 4, 73 9 ,120 d i scloses a  p roce ss for the hydrog e na t ion of nitrile s to p ri m ar y ami neusing a rh od ium c a talyst. Th e r eac t ion is carrie d out in th e  pr esence  o f a two ph ase s ol v ent  system com pris ing an aq ueousp hase an d  an imm iscibl e o rga nicp ha se .
U .S .  Pa t .No. 5,2 35,108 d is cl osesa pr o c e s s fo r p repa ringsecondary alk ylamin e s b y the  hydr ogen at ion o f alky l nit ri les using a nic kel- containin g c at aly st -cont a iningcop per  as a p romoter .  Th ep a t en t suggests catalyt ic s ys tems for  the h y dr og e nation o fnit rile s which  inc l ud e cataly st com p on en ts of n ic kel, c op per  an d cob a lt a s well  as dual  syst e ms, e.g., nick e l-copper chro m it e an d  cob alt -copper chr omit e .
U. S. P a t.  No .  3,17 7,258  d i sc l oses a process forth e hydr ogena tion of unsat urated mat e r i als, suc h as un s aturated hydro carbo ns and ali p hatic an d aro matic ni triles. T h e  catalys t u sed  fo r e f f ec ting hydrogen a t ionis  a ruth eni um-cont ain ing  ca tal ys t combine d with a  p la ti nu m m etal, e.g., ru th eni um  co mbine d  withplati num,  p al l adi um or r h od i u m. I nth e hy dro ge natio n of pro pionitr ile, copr eci p itat ed  a nd mixe d metal ruthe ni um-platinu mand  ruthe n i um-palla dium complexes gave hig h  concen tra tions  sub stantiallev els of  te r tiaryaminewhile  t her u theni u m -r hod iu m catalyst c omp ositi on  giv e highconcentrations ofs eco ndary amines. 
U. S. P a t .No. 3, 6 73, 25 1  di s c loses a cyclicprocess fo rp ro ducing mon o , s ec ondaryand ter tiary polyami nes by co ntinuousl yhydr o g ena ting the n itrile i n the pre s enceo fa hyd rog enatio ncat alyst  sucha s c obalt , plat in um, pa lladi um , nickel  and so forth.
U.S. Pat . No.5,075 ,50 6 disclos es; a p rocess fo r pr oducing se con dar y ami nes by th e hy d ro gen a tionof n i triles ov e ra c o b al t catalystp r o mot ed wi thz irconi um.U.S. Pat. No. 2,1 6 5,515 disclose s ap r oce ssf or t he  production of  am in e s  by theca talytic hyd rogenati on of ni triles  using  cobalt a nd cobalt  pro mot e with ba riu mo r manga ne se . 
An ar ticl e,  Hydro genati o n of N itriles, J. Volf  andJ .  Pose k ; S tudie sin Surf a ce S cience & C atalysis, V olume27,p.105 -
 of_the aliphatic_nitrile is carried out_using a_nickel_catalyst, preferably_Raney_nickel under anhydrous_conditions. Alkali and_alkaline earth metal hydroxide_addition is undesirable_when_the feed source contains small amounts of free fatty acids.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,739,120 discloses_a_process for_the_hydrogenation_of nitriles to primary amine_using a rhodium catalyst. The_reaction is_carried out in the presence of a two_phase_solvent system comprising_an aqueous phase and an immiscible organic phase.
U.S. Pat._No. 5,235,108 discloses a process for_preparing secondary alkyl_amines_by_the hydrogenation of alkyl_nitriles using a nickel-containing catalyst-containing copper_as a promoter. The patent suggests_catalytic systems for the hydrogenation of nitriles_which include catalyst components of nickel,_copper and cobalt as well_as dual_systems, e.g., nickel-copper chromite and_cobalt-copper chromite.
U.S. Pat._No. 3,177,258_discloses a process_for the hydrogenation of unsaturated materials,_such as unsaturated_hydrocarbons and aliphatic and aromatic nitriles._The_catalyst used for_effecting_hydrogenation_is a_ruthenium-containing catalyst combined_with_a platinum_metal,_e.g., ruthenium combined with platinum, palladium_or_rhodium. In the hydrogenation of propionitrile, coprecipitated_and mixed metal ruthenium-platinum_and_ruthenium-palladium complexes gave high_concentrations substantial levels of tertiary_amine while the ruthenium-rhodium catalyst composition_give high_concentrations of_secondary amines.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,673,251 discloses a cyclic process for producing_mono, secondary and tertiary polyamines by_continuously hydrogenating the nitrile_in the_presence_of a hydrogenation_catalyst_such as_cobalt, platinum, palladium, nickel and so forth.
U.S._Pat. No._5,075,506 discloses ;a process for producing_secondary amines by the_hydrogenation_of nitriles over a cobalt catalyst_promoted with zirconium.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,165,515_discloses a process for the_production_of_amines by the catalytic hydrogenation_of nitriles using cobalt and cobalt_promote with barium_or manganese.
An article, Hydrogenation of Nitriles, J._Volf_and J. Posek; Studies in Surface_Science_& Catalysis, Volume 27, p.105-