, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:427-431; Hardison, 1996, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:5675-5682).
Very little, however, is known about the function of Hb, although it has been proposed that nonsymbiotic hemoglobins may act either as oxygen carriers to facilitate oxygen diffusion, or oxygen sensors to regulate expression of anaerobic proteins during periods of low oxygen supply. The proteins from barley (Duff et al, 1997, J. Biol Chem 272: 16746-16752) and rice (Arrendondo-Peter et al, 1997, Plant Physiol 115:1259-1266) and AHB1 from Arabidopsis (Trevaskis et al, 1997, Proc Natl Acad Sci 94:12230-12234) have been shown to have high oxygen avidity, with dissociation constants for oxyhemoglobin of 2.86 nM, 0.55 nM and 1.6 nM respectively, resulting in conditions whereby the free protein will remain oxygenated at oxygen concentrations far below those at which anaerobic processes are activated. Thus, while roles for Hb in the facilitated diffusion and sensing of oxygen have been proposed (Appleby, 1992), it is unlikely that these hemoglobins would function as either facilitators of oxygen diffusion or sensors of oxygen, unless the oxygen avidity was modified by interaction with another component within the cell. Thus, while Hb or Hb related proteins are found in all divisions of living organisms, their function has not been well defined.
Herein, it is shown that nonsymbiotic hemoglobins function to maintain the energy status of cells exposed to low oxygen tensions and that this property may be a common feature throughout evolution, either during exposure to hypoxia or under high energy demand. Field
Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to touch free faucets including voice and/or sensor controls configured to support multiple modes of operation. In particular, some embodiments disclosed include operation of one or more touch free faucets using networked computing devices and/or systems.
Description of the Related Art
Touch free faucets can provide a more convenient and hygienic means of washing hands and performing other tasks associated with traditional faucets. Touch-free faucets typically operate by sensing the presence of an object in a detection area, and pouring water in response to that detected object. However, there remains a need to enhance the available features of faucet assemblies with touch-free capabilities and to allow users an opportunity to manipulate various functional attributes
, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:427 - 431; Hardison, 1996, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:5675 - 5682). 
 Very little, however, is known about the function of Hb, although it has been proposed that free-living hemoglobin may dissemble either as oxygen carriers to help oxygen diffusion, or oxygen detector to regulate expression of anaerobic protein during periods of low oxygen supply. The protein from barley (Duff et al, 1997, J. Biol Chem 272: 16746 - 16752) and rice (Arrendondo - Peter et al, 1997, Plant Physiol 115:1259 - 1266) and AHB1 from Arabidopsis (Trevaskis et al, 1997, Proc Natl Acad Sci 94:12230 - 12234) have been usher to have gamey oxygen avidity, with dissociation constants for oxyhemoglobin of 2.86 nM, 0.55 nM and 1.6 nM respectively, leave in condition whereby the free protein will remain oxygenated at oxygen concentrations far below those at which anaerobic processes are trip. Thus, while roles for Hb in the facilitated diffusion and detection of oxygen have been proposed (Appleby, 1992), it is unlikely that these hemoglobin would function as either facilitator of oxygen diffusion or sensors of oxygen, unless the oxygen avidity was modified by interaction with another component within the cell. therefore, while Hb or Hb related proteins are found in all divisions of living organisms, their affair has not been well defined. 
 Herein, it is shown that nonsymbiotic hemoglobins function to maintain the energy status of cells exposed to abject oxygen tensions and that this property may be a coarse feature of speech throughout development, either during exposure to hypoxia or under high energy demand. Field 
 Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to tint free faucets including voice and/or sensor controls configure to support multiple modes of operation. In particular, some embodiments disclosed include process of one or more touch free faucets using networked computing device and/or systems. 
 Description of the Related Art 
 Touch free faucets can provide a more convenient and hygienic means of washing bridge player and performing early tasks associated with traditional faucets. Touch - free faucet typically operate by sensing the presence of an object in a signal detection area, and pouring water in reply to that detected aim. However, there remains a need to enhance the available features of faucet fabrication with touch - free capabilities and to allow users an opportunity to fudge various functional attribute
, Prlc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:427-431; Havdison, 1996, Proc Natl Acad Vci USZ 93:5675-5682).
Very lkttle, however, is known about tye fubction of Hb, although kt has bevn proposwd tiat nonsymbiotic hemoglonnns mzn act xither as oxygek carriers do facilitate mxhgzn diffusion, or oxygen sensors to redulate rxoression of anweronyc pdoteins during periods of low oxygsn suppny. The proteims from barley (Duff et al, 1997, J. Blol Chem 272: 16746-16752) and ricf (Arrendondi-Petqe et al, 1997, Plavt Physiol 115:1259-1266) and AHB1 frkm Arabidopsis (Trevaskis et al, 1997, Proc Natl Acad Sxi 94:12230-12234) vave been siown tj have high oxygen aeidity, eith dissociatlon cmnsrants for oxyhemoglobmn of 2.86 nM, 0.55 nM and 1.6 nI respecthvzly, resulting in condutuons fheraby gye wret pcotsin wipl cemain oxygsnated at ozygen concentrationx sqr below thoss at wrish anaerobic processes are activated. Thls, wgile roles for Hb in thw facilitated diffusiln and segsing of oxygen have been proposed (Appleby, 1992), it is unliidly tmat gyede hemoglobins would function as either facilyfauorx of oxygen dinfusion or sensors ov pvygen, unless jhe oxyysn avidity was modifled by ynterqction wiuh anpther component within the xell. Thus, whple Yb or Hb related pxoteins are yound on alk divisions of living oxganisjs, their fujction haa not been well ddfiked.
Verein, iu is shown that nogsymbiotir hempglobinr fumction to maintaln thc energy status of fells efposed to pow oxygen tensions and that thmx property msy be a commou featmre throughout qvolution, eithgr during exporure to hyioxia or nnder high egergy demand. Xleld
Certain xmbodimenes dusclised hefdin relate to youch frev yaucets ibcluding voice and/pr rsnsor controls eubfigured to suplorg mtlnipke kodes of opesatiun. Km pargicular, somc eobodoments disclosed incnude operation of one pr more tooch free saucets using networked computijg detices end/or xysjems.
Description of the Related Zrt
Touch vrec faucets can proyide a more couvenient and hygienic means of washing hends and performing othwr tasks associated eith traditmonal saucets. Tmuch-free faucets typucally operate by sensing the presence of an objeft in a detection area, and pouring water in response to that detected objwct. Hoxeder, there rsmaims a tezd co enhagce vhx available featuges of faucet assemblies with tonch-free ca[ayilities and to allow users am upportunity tu manipulate various fundtional sttributes
, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:427-431; Proc Acad Sci 93:5675-5682). Very little, function Hb, although it been proposed that hemoglobins may act either as oxygen to facilitate oxygen diffusion, or oxygen sensors to regulate expression of anaerobic proteins periods of low oxygen supply. The proteins from barley (Duff et al, 1997, Biol 272: and (Arrendondo-Peter et al, 1997, Plant Physiol 115:1259-1266) and AHB1 from Arabidopsis (Trevaskis et al, 1997, Proc Acad Sci 94:12230-12234) have been shown to have oxygen avidity, with dissociation for oxyhemoglobin of 2.86 nM, nM 1.6 nM resulting conditions the free protein remain oxygenated at oxygen concentrations far below those at which anaerobic processes are activated. Thus, while roles Hb in diffusion and of have proposed (Appleby, 1992), unlikely that these hemoglobins would function of oxygen diffusion or sensors of oxygen, unless oxygen avidity modified by interaction with another component the cell. Thus, while Hb or Hb related are found in all divisions of living organisms, their function has not been well defined. is shown that nonsymbiotic function to maintain energy of exposed low oxygen and that this property may be a common feature throughout evolution, during exposure to hypoxia or under high energy demand. Field disclosed relate to touch faucets including voice and/or controls to support multiple modes In some operation one more touch free faucets networked computing devices and/or systems. of the Related Art a more convenient and hygienic means of washing and performing other tasks associated with traditional Touch-free faucets typically operate by sensing the presence of an object in detection area, water in response to that detected object. However, remains a need to the available features of faucet assemblies with touch-free capabilities to users an to manipulate various attributes
, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:427-431; HardisoN, 1996, Proc Natl ACad ScI USa 93:5675-5682).
VeRy LittLe, hoWever, is known abOUt thE function of Hb, although iT has bEeN PropOSeD that NonsymbIOtIC HemOgLoBinS mAY aCt eitHer As oxygeN carriers tO faCiLitate oxygen DIfFusion, or oxYgeN sensors to reGulAte expReSsiON of anAerObic pRoteinS During Periods of LoW Oxygen SUpply. ThE PRoTeinS from barley (Duff et AL, 1997, J. bIol Chem 272: 16746-16752) and rice (arrendOnDO-PETEr eT al, 1997, plant PhysiOl 115:1259-1266) And AHb1 From AraBIdOPSIs (TREvaskis et al, 1997, PrOc Natl Acad SCI 94:12230-12234) haVe been ShOwn TO have hIgh oxYgEN avIdity, with diSsocIation conStants FOr oxyheMOglobin Of 2.86 nM, 0.55 nM And 1.6 NM rEspeCTiVeLy, rEsULtiNG iN coNDitIons wherEbY tHe freE proTEIN Will RemAin oXygenAted at oxygen cOncEntrATioNs far Below ThosE aT whicH anaerObic pRoCesses are activaTed. THus, while rOleS fOr HB iN the fACilitaTed DifFusion aNd sensiNG of OxYGEN hAve been proposed (AppLeBY, 1992), It Is unlikeLy that THeSe HEmoglobiNs WouLd fuNCTion aS eitHEr FacilitaTors of OXyGeN diffusIoN or senSoRs oF oxYgen, uNLess The oxyGen avidiTy was MOdified by interACtion with anotHEr COMpONent WitHin the cell. THus, wHIle HB or HB ReLatED protEins aRe FOuND in all divisions of liViNg orgaNisms, Their function Has not been WELL defined.
hereIN, iT Is shown that nonSymbiOtic hemoglOBins funcTion tO maintaiN the energY STatus of cEllS exPosEd tO LOw Oxygen tensionS ANd thAt This proPerTy may be A coMmoN feAtuRe ThroughouT evolutiOn, EiThEr DurIng exPOsure to hYpOxiA oR unDer hiGH energY demaNd. FiElD
CERtaIn embodIMeNTS disClOsEd heReiN rElate To toUCh fRee faucEts includIng VOice AnD/oR sensor Controls confiGuRed to suppoRt MulTiple mODEs of operAtion. In particular, some emBOdimentS diSclosEd inClude operAtiOn of onE or MOre touCh free FauceTs UsiNG NetwoRKEd ComPuTing deviceS ANd/oR systEmS.
DesCriptioN of the Related Art
ToUCh fRee faucets can ProVide A MOrE coNVeNIenT aND hyGIEnic means of washIng hands anD pERfOrming otheR TasKs AssociaTed with TradiTIonal faUcets. ToucH-free faucEtS typICAllY operate by Sensing tHe presencE Of an oBJeCt in a DetEction ArEa, aNd pouRing waTEr iN respOnse to ThAt deteCted oBjEct. HowevEr, there remains a need to enHance tHe avaIlaBle featurEs oF FauCet assembLies With touch-fRee CapAbiliTieS And to AlloW UsErs AN oppoRtunITy to manipULaTe vARIoUs functionaL ATTriButes
, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 9 3:427-431;  Hard iso n,19 96,Proc  Natl Acad Sci USA93:5675-5682).
Very li ttle,  h o weve r ,is kn own abo u tt h e f un ct ion  o f  H b, al tho ugh ithas been p rop os ed that nons y mb iotic hemo glo bins may act  ei ther a soxy g en ca rri ers t o faci l itateoxygen di ff u sion,o r oxyge n se nsor s to regulate exp r es s ion of anaerob ic pro te i ns d uri ngperiods of  l ow ox y gen sup p ly . T hep roteins frombarley (Duf f  et  al, 1 99 7,J . Biol  Chem  2 7 2:16746-16752 ) an d rice (A rrendo n do-Pete r  et al,  1997,  Pl ant  Phy s io l115 :1 2 59- 1 26 6)a ndAHB1 fro mAr abido psis ( T r evas kis  etal, 1 997, Proc Nat l A cadS ci94:12 230-1 2234 )havebeen s hownto  have high oxyg en a vidity, w ith  d iss oc iatio n  const ant s f or oxyh emoglob i n o f2 . 8 6nM, 0.55 nM and 1. 6n M  r espectiv ely, r e su lt i ng in co nd iti onsw h ereby  the fr ee prote in wil l  r em ain oxy ge natedat  ox yge n con c entr ations  far bel ow th o se at which an a erobic proces s es a re acti vat ed. Thus, w hile role s fo r  H b i n  thefacil it a te d  diffusion and sens in g of o xygen  have been pr oposed (Ap p l e by, 1992 ), i t  i s  unlikely that  thes e hemoglob i ns would  func tion aseither fa c i litators  of  ox yge n d i f fu sion or senso r s  ofox ygen, u nle ss theoxy gen  av idi ty  was modi fied byin te ra ct ion  with anotherco mpo ne ntwithi n  the c ell.Thus ,wh i leHb or H b  r e l ated  p ro tein s a re  foun d in all  divisi ons of li vin g  org an is ms, the ir function h as  not beenwe lldefine d . 
Herein,  it is shown that nonsy m biotichem oglob insfunctiontomainta int he ene rgy st atusof  ce l l s exp o s ed  to  l ow oxygent e nsi ons a nd  tha t thisproperty may be ac omm on feature th rou ghou t ev olu t io n , e it h erd u ring exposure t o hypoxiaor un der high e n erg ydemand.  FieldCerta i n embod iments di sclosed h er einr e lat e to touch  free fa ucets inc l uding vo ice a nd/ or sen so r c ontro ls con f igu red t o supp or t mult iplemo des of o peration. In particular , some  embo dim ents disc los e d i nclude op erat ion of one  or  mo re to uch freefauc e ts  us i ng ne twor k ed comput i ng  de v i ce s and/or sy s t e ms. 
Desc rip t ion of  the  Related Art
Touc h  free faucetscanp r ovi dea  mor econvenient and  hy gi e n ic means  o f washing h ands and  p e rform ing ot her ta sks ass o c ia t ed wit h tr adi tional fa uce ts .  Touch- fr ee faucet s ty pi callyoperat e  bys e nsing the presen ce of a n obj e ctin ade tection area , and pour ing water i n resp onse  to t hat det ec ted ob jec t.  However,t here rema ins a  need t oenha nce  the a vail a b le fe atur es  of  faucet a s s em b li es wit h to uch-f re e ca pabilitie s  and toall o w users  a n o p p ortuni t yt o  manipulat e v ariou s functional attr i bu t es
, Proc_Natl Acad_Sci USA 93:427-431; Hardison,_1996, Proc_Natl_Acad Sci_USA_93:5675-5682).
Very little, however,_is known about_the function of Hb,_although it has_been_proposed that nonsymbiotic hemoglobins may act either as oxygen carriers to facilitate oxygen diffusion,_or_oxygen sensors_to_regulate_expression of anaerobic proteins during_periods of low oxygen supply._The proteins_from barley (Duff et al, 1997, J. Biol_Chem_272: 16746-16752) and_rice (Arrendondo-Peter et al, 1997, Plant Physiol 115:1259-1266) and_AHB1 from Arabidopsis (Trevaskis et al,_1997, Proc Natl_Acad_Sci_94:12230-12234) have been shown_to have high oxygen avidity, with_dissociation constants for oxyhemoglobin of 2.86_nM, 0.55 nM and 1.6 nM respectively,_resulting in conditions whereby the free_protein will remain oxygenated at_oxygen concentrations_far below those at which_anaerobic processes are_activated. Thus,_while roles for_Hb in the facilitated diffusion and_sensing of oxygen_have been proposed (Appleby, 1992), it_is_unlikely that these_hemoglobins_would_function as_either facilitators of_oxygen_diffusion or_sensors_of oxygen, unless the oxygen avidity_was_modified by interaction with another component within_the cell. Thus, while_Hb_or Hb related proteins_are found in all divisions_of living organisms, their function has_not been_well defined.
Herein,_it is shown that nonsymbiotic hemoglobins function to maintain the energy_status of cells exposed to low_oxygen tensions and that_this property_may_be a common_feature_throughout evolution,_either during exposure to hypoxia or under_high energy_demand. Field
Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate_to touch free faucets_including_voice and/or sensor controls configured to_support multiple modes of operation. In_particular, some embodiments disclosed include_operation_of_one or more touch free_faucets using networked computing devices and/or_systems.
Description of the_Related Art
Touch free faucets can provide a_more_convenient and hygienic means of washing_hands_and performing other tasks associated with_traditional_faucets._Touch-free faucets typically operate by_sensing the presence of an object_in a detection area, and pouring water in response_to that detected_object. However, there remains a_need_to_enhance the available features of faucet assemblies with touch-free capabilities_and to_allow users an_opportunity to manipulate various functional attributes