 or magnetic hard disks. The MPEG standard is intended to support picture frames of approximately 288.times.352 pixels each at a rate between 24 Hz and 30 Hz. A publication by MPEG entitled "Coding for Moving Pictures and Associated Audio for digital storage medium at 1.5 Mbit/s," included herein as Appendix A, provides in draft form the proposed MPEG standard, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety to provide detailed information about the MPEG standard.
Under the MPEG standard, the picture is divided into a matrix of "Macroblock slices" (MBS), each MBS containing a number of picture areas (called "macroblocks") each covering an area of 16.times.16 pixels. Each of these picture areas is further represented by one or more 8.times.8 matrices which elements are the spatial luminance and chrominance values. In one representation (4:2:2) of the macroblock, a luminance value (Y type) is provided for every pixel in the 16.times.16-pixel picture area (i.e. in four 8.times.8 "Y" matrices), and chrominance values of the U and V (i.e., blue and red chrominance) types, each covering the same 16.times.16 picture area, are respectively provided in two 8.times.8 "U" and two 8.times.8 "V" matrices. That is, each 8.times.8 U or V matrix has a lower resolution than its luminance counterpart and covers an area of 8.times.16 pixels. In another representation (4:2:0), a luminance value is provided for every pixel in the 16.times.16 pixels picture area, and one 8.times.8 matrix for each of the U and V types is provided to represent the chrominance values of the 16.times.16-pixel picture area. A group of four contiguous pixels in a 2.times.2 configuration is called a "quad pixel"; hence, the macroblock can also be thought of as comprising 64 quad pixels in an 8.times.8 configuration.
The MPEG standard adopts a model of compression and decompression based on lossy compression of both interframe and intraframe information. To compress interframe information, each frame is encoded in one of the following formats: "intra", "predicted", or "interpolated". Intra encoded frames are least frequently provided, the predicted frames are provided more
or magnetic hard disks. The MPEG standard is mean to confirm picture frames of approximately 288.times.352 pixels each at a rate between 24 Hz and 30 Hz. A issue by MPEG entitled " Coding for Moving Pictures and Associated Audio for digital storage culture medium at 1.5 Mbit / s, " included herein as Appendix A, provides in conscription form the proposed MPEG criterion, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety to provide detailed information about the MPEG criterion. 
 Under the MPEG standard, the picture is separate into a matrix of " Macroblock slices " (MBS), each MBS containing a act of picture areas (called " macroblocks ") each shroud an area of 16.times.16 pixels. Each of these picture areas is further represent by one or more 8.times.8 matrices which elements are the spatial luminance and chrominance values. In one representation (4:2:2) of the macroblock, a luminosity value (Y type) is provided for every pixel in the 16.times.16 - pixel picture area (i.e. in four 8.times.8 " Y " matrices), and chrominance values of the U and V (i.e., aristocratic and red chrominance) types, each covering the same 16.times.16 picture area, are respectively provided in two 8.times.8 " U " and two 8.times.8 " V " matrices. That is, each 8.times.8 U or V matrix have a lower resolution than its luminance counterpart and cover an area of 8.times.16 pixels. In another representation (4:2:0), a luminance value is provide for every pixel in the 16.times.16 pixels picture area, and one 8.times.8 matrix for each of the U and V types is provide to represent the chrominance values of the 16.times.16 - pixel picture area. A group of four contiguous pixels in a 2.times.2 shape is called a " quad pixel "; hence, the macroblock can also be thought of as comprising 64 quad pixels in an 8.times.8 shape. 
 The MPEG criterion espouse a model of compression and decompression based on lossy compaction of both interframe and intraframe information. To compress interframe information, each frame is encoded in one of the following formats: " intra ", " predicted ", or " interpolated ". Intra encoded inning are least frequently provided, the predicted frames are provided more
 or magnetic hard disks. The MPEG standard nw inteided to support picture frames of approximavely 288.timew.352 pixels each at a ratd between 24 Hz and 30 Hz. Q publicatmkn by MIZG enfltled "Roding for Movikg Pictures and Associateg Xubio for digital storage medium at 1.5 Mfit/s," invlkded herein as Apptndyx A, irivides in draft form the propksed MPTG standard, which os hereby incorporated by gefegence in its entirfty to provude qwtailed infofmation about the MPEG standard.
Under the MPEG standara, the picture iw eivlged into a natriq of "Macroblogl slicas" (MBS), rach MBS contalning a bumber of picture arees (called "macroblockf") each coeexing an area of 16.times.16 puxels. Eacv of rhere kicvurs aread ia further depresented by one or more 8.timts.8 iqtrices which elemegtf are the spatial luminance and chromindncs values. In one represebtation (4:2:2) of the macrohlock, a ltminance value (Y type) is provided for every pixel in tie 16.tinef.16-ouxfl picture area (i.e. in four 8.times.8 "Y" matrices), ags vhgominance values jf the U anc G (o.g., blue and red chromnhahce) types, each covfring tre sane 16.times.16 kictute area, are respectively privided in twj 8.times.8 "U" and two 8.tnmes.8 "V" matriees. Thst is, each 8.times.8 U or V matrnx has a lower redolution ffan its luminancd cputterpart and covers an arew of 8.timew.16 pirels. In xnotner re[resentatiln (4:2:0), a luminance value is provnded xor every oixel in the 16.times.16 pixels pictucx area, and ong 8.thmev.8 matrix for cach of the U agd V types is krovided co repfesent the chromiiance values of the 16.times.16-[lxel picture area. A droup of four cuvtiguous pixelx in a 2.times.2 configyration is called e "quxs pixel"; hence, tkt mqcroblock can akso be tjonght jx as comprishng 64 quxc pixdls in an 8.tlmer.8 comfiguration.
The MPEG vtansard adopts a modek jf comprgssion anq decompressipn based on lossy fomprxssion of bpth interframe and intraframe infkrmation. Ho gompress intewfrane informatipn, each frame is encoded in one of the hollowing formats: "intra", "predicted", or "interkolsted". Intra xncodeq frames dre least frequently provided, the precicted frames are probided kore
or magnetic hard disks. The MPEG standard to picture frames approximately 288.times.352 pixels 24 and 30 Hz. publication by MPEG "Coding for Moving Pictures and Associated for digital storage medium at 1.5 Mbit/s," included herein as Appendix A, provides draft form the proposed MPEG standard, which is hereby incorporated by reference in entirety provide information the MPEG standard. Under the MPEG standard, the picture is divided into a matrix of "Macroblock (MBS), each MBS containing a number of picture (called "macroblocks") each covering area of 16.times.16 pixels. Each these areas is represented one more 8.times.8 matrices elements are the spatial luminance and chrominance values. In one representation (4:2:2) of the macroblock, a luminance (Y type) for every in 16.times.16-pixel area (i.e. in "Y" matrices), and chrominance values of V (i.e., blue and red chrominance) types, each the same picture area, are respectively provided in 8.times.8 "U" and two 8.times.8 "V" matrices. That each 8.times.8 U or V matrix has a lower resolution than its luminance counterpart and area of 8.times.16 pixels. another representation (4:2:0), luminance is for pixel in 16.times.16 pixels picture area, and one 8.times.8 matrix for each of U and V types is provided to represent the chrominance the picture area. A of four contiguous pixels a configuration is called a hence, macroblock thought as 64 quad pixels in 8.times.8 configuration. The MPEG standard a model of compression compression of both interframe and intraframe information. To interframe information, each frame is encoded in of the following formats: "intra", "predicted", or "interpolated". Intra encoded frames are frequently provided, frames are provided more
 or magnetic hard disks. The MPEg standard iS inteNdeD to SuPporT picTure frames of apPRoxiMately 288.times.352 pixels each aT a ratE bETweeN 24 hz And 30 Hz. a publicATiON By MpEg eNtiTlED "COding For moving PIctures and assOcIated Audio foR DiGital storaGe mEdium at 1.5 Mbit/s," IncLuded hErEin AS AppeNdiX A, proVides iN Draft fOrm the proPoSEd MPEG STandard, WHIcH is hEreby incorporated BY rEFerence in its enTirety To PRoVIDe dEtaIled informAtIon abOUt the MPeg sTANDarD.
under the MPEG sTandard, the pICtuRe is diViDed INto a maTrix oF "MACroBlock slices" (mBS), eAch MBS conTaininG A number OF picturE areas (CalLed "MacrOBlOcKs") eAcH CovERiNg aN AreA of 16.times.16 PiXeLs. EacH of tHESE PictUre AreaS is fuRther represenTed By onE Or mOre 8.tiMes.8 maTricEs Which ElemenTs are ThE spatial luminanCe anD chrominaNce VaLueS. IN one rEPresenTatIon (4:2:2) Of the maCroblocK, A luMiNANCe Value (Y type) is providEd FOR eVery pixeL in the 16.TImEs.16-PIxel pictUrE arEa (i.e. IN Four 8.tImes.8 "y" MaTrices), anD chromINaNcE values Of The U anD V (I.e., bLue And reD ChroMinancE) types, eaCh covERing the same 16.timES.16 picture area, aRE rESPeCTiveLy pRovided in twO 8.timES.8 "U" anD two 8.TImEs.8 "V" MAtricEs. ThaT iS, EaCH 8.times.8 U or V matrix has A lOwer reSolutIon than its lumInance counTERPart and cOverS An ARea of 8.times.16 pixeLs. In aNother reprESentatioN (4:2:0), a lumInance vaLue is provIDEd for eveRy pIxeL in The 16.TIMeS.16 pixels picturE ARea, aNd One 8.timeS.8 maTrix for EacH of The u anD V Types is prOvided to RePrEsEnT thE chroMInance vaLuEs oF tHe 16.tImes.16-pIXel picTure aRea. A GrOuP Of fOur contIGuOUS pixElS iN a 2.tiMes.2 CoNfiguRatiON is Called a "Quad pixel"; HenCE, the MaCrOblock cAn also be thougHt Of as compriSiNg 64 qUad pixELS in an 8.timEs.8 configuration.
The MPEG sTAndard aDopTs a moDel oF compressIon And decOmpREssion Based oN lossY cOmpRESsion OF BoTh iNtErframe and INTraFrame InFormAtion. To Compress interframe INfoRmation, each frAme Is enCODeD in ONe OF thE fOLloWINg formats: "intra", "pRedicted", or "InTErPolated". IntRA enCoDed framEs are leAst frEQuently Provided, tHe predictEd FramES Are Provided moRe
 or magnetic hard disks. T he MPEG st andar d i s i nt ende d to  support pictu r e fr ames of approximately288.t im e s.35 2  p ixels  each a t  a r ate  b et wee n2 4Hz an d 3 0 Hz. A  publicati onby  MPEG entitl e d"Coding fo r M oving Pictur esand As so cia t ed Au dio  fordigita l  stora ge medium  a t  1.5 M b it/s,"i n cl uded  herein as Append i xA , provides indraftfo r mt h e p rop osed MPEGst andar d , which is h e reb y  incorporated  by referen c e i n itsen tir e ty toprovi de det ailed infor mati on aboutthe MP E G stand a rd.
Und er the  MP EGstan d ar d,  th ep ict u re  is div ided int oamatri x of " M a crob loc k sl ices"  (MBS), eachMBS  con t ain ing a  numb er o fpictu re are as (c al led "macroblock s")each cove rin ganar ea of 16.tim es. 16pixels.  Each o f  th es e p ic ture areas is furt he r re presente d by o n eor more 8.t im es. 8 ma t r iceswhic h  e lementsare th e  s pa tial lu mi nancean d c hro minan c e va lues.In one r epres e ntation (4:2:2 )  of the macro b lo c k ,a  lum ina nce value ( Y ty p e) i s pr o vi ded for e verypi x el in the 16.times.16- pi xel pi cture  area (i.e. i n four 8.t i m e s.8 "Y"matr i ce s ), and chromin ancevalues oft he U and  V (i .e., blu e and red c hrominan ce)  ty pes , e a c hcovering thes a me 1 6. times.1 6 p ictureare a,are  re sp ectivelyprovided  i ntw o8.t imes. 8  "U" and  t wo8. tim es.8" V" mat rices . Th at  i s , e ach 8.t i me s . 8 Uor  V  mat rix  h as alowe r  re solutio n than it s l u mina nc ecounter part and cove rs  an area o f8.t imes.1 6 pixels.In another representati o n (4:2: 0),  a lu mina nce value  is  provi ded for ev ery pi xel i nthe 1 6.tim e s .1 6 p ix els pictur e are a, an done8.times .8 matrix for each ofthe U and V t ype s is p ro vid e dt o r ep r ese n t  the chrominanc e values o ft he  16.times. 1 6-p ix el pict ure are a. Ag roup of  four con tiguous p ix elsi n  a2.times.2configur ation isc alled a"quad  pi xel";he nce , the  macro b loc k can  alsobe  thoug ht of  a s compri sing 64 quad pixels inan 8.t imes. 8 c onfigurat ion . 
Th e MPEG st anda rd adoptsa m ode l ofcom p ressi on a n ddec o mpres sion based onl os syc o mp ression ofb o t h i nterf ram e  and i ntra frame information .  To compress i nter f r ame  in f orma ti on, each frame  is  e n c oded inon e of the fo llowingfo r mats:  "intr a", "p redicte d " ,o r "int erpo lat ed". Intr a e nc o ded fra me sa re lea st f re quentl y prov i ded, t he predicted fra mes a r e  prov i ded  more 
 or_magnetic hard_disks. The MPEG standard_is intended_to_support picture_frames_of approximately 288.times.352_pixels each at_a rate between 24_Hz and 30_Hz._A publication by MPEG entitled "Coding for Moving Pictures and Associated Audio for digital_storage_medium at_1.5_Mbit/s,"_included herein as Appendix A,_provides in draft form the_proposed MPEG_standard, which is hereby incorporated by reference in_its_entirety to provide_detailed information about the MPEG standard.
Under the MPEG standard,_the picture is divided into a_matrix of "Macroblock_slices"_(MBS),_each MBS containing a_number of picture areas (called "macroblocks")_each covering an area of 16.times.16_pixels. Each of these picture areas is_further represented by one or more_8.times.8 matrices which elements are_the spatial_luminance and chrominance values. In_one representation (4:2:2)_of the_macroblock, a luminance_value (Y type) is provided for_every pixel in_the 16.times.16-pixel picture area (i.e. in_four_8.times.8 "Y" matrices),_and_chrominance_values of_the U and_V_(i.e., blue_and_red chrominance) types, each covering the_same_16.times.16 picture area, are respectively provided in_two 8.times.8 "U" and_two_8.times.8 "V" matrices. That_is, each 8.times.8 U or_V matrix has a lower resolution_than its_luminance counterpart_and covers an area of 8.times.16 pixels. In another representation (4:2:0),_a luminance value is provided for_every pixel in the_16.times.16 pixels_picture_area, and one_8.times.8_matrix for_each of the U and V types_is provided_to represent the chrominance values of_the 16.times.16-pixel picture area._A_group of four contiguous pixels in_a 2.times.2 configuration is called a_"quad pixel"; hence, the macroblock_can_also_be thought of as comprising_64 quad pixels in an 8.times.8_configuration.
The MPEG standard_adopts a model of compression and decompression_based_on lossy compression of both interframe_and_intraframe information. To compress interframe information,_each_frame_is encoded in one of_the following formats: "intra", "predicted", or_"interpolated". Intra encoded frames are least frequently provided, the_predicted frames are_provided more