 components are provided double for high productivity of PHB, production of PHB on an industrial scale is increased by adding high concentration of glucose, the concentration of PHB in a host cell is absolutely increased and extracellular secretion of PHB is induced to simplify PHB recovery/purification process, resulting in the decrease of production cost of PHB. The present invention relates to a process for producing a coating having a titanium boride content of at least 80% by weight, a thickness of from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, a porosity of not more than 10% by volume and an oxygen content of less than 1% by weight by plasma spraying.
For the isolation of aluminum by electrolysis of aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide powder is dissolved in an electrolyte, known as the fluoride melt, which consists predominantly of cryolite. The cathodically deposited aluminum collects under the fluoride melt on the bottom of the cell which consists essentially of carbon blocks, with the surface of the liquid aluminum or a solid which can be wetted by this forming the cathode. The electric current flows in on the cathode side through the carbon blocks which are joined to one another by heat- and corrosion-resistant adhesive or tamped compositions and are enclosed by a metal tank or a container. The electric current is supplied to the carbon blocks via conductor rails or bars which are let into recesses in the carbon blocks and are connected to the latter. Anodes consisting essentially of carbon in conventional processes and fixed to the anode bar dip into the electrolyte from above. At the anodes, the electrolytic decomposition of the aluminum oxide forms oxygen which reacts with carbon anodes to give carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The electrolysis generally takes place in a temperature range from 940 to 970xc2x0 C.
An important disadvantage of the cathode blocks made of carbon is that they are not readily wetted by the molten aluminum formed during operation of the electrolysis cell. For this reason, a comparatively thick aluminum metal layer covering the carbon blocks is necessary for operation of the cell. Since thick metal layers are considerably deformed by electromagnetic forces and convection currents, a comparatively large spacing is necessary between the carbon blocks and the carbon anodes located above the blocks in order to avoid possible short circuits. This leads to a higher electric power consumption of the cell. Furthermore, the metal flow generated at the phase interface between liquid aluminum/electrolyte leads, owing to the low interfacial tension, to increased chemical dissolution or to fine dispersion of the aluminum in the electrolyte. All dispersed aluminum which
components are provided double for high productiveness of PHB, product of PHB on an industrial scale is increased by lend gamey concentration of glucose, the concentration of PHB in a horde cell is absolutely increased and extracellular secretion of PHB is induce to simplify PHB recovery / purification summons, resulting in the decrease of production price of PHB. The present invention relate to a process for produce a coating having a titanium boride message of at least 80% by weight, a thickness of from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, a porosity of not more than 10% by volume and an oxygen content of less than 1% by weight unit by plasma spraying. 
 For the isolation of aluminum by electrolysis of aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide powder is dissolved in an electrolyte, known as the fluoride thaw, which consists predominantly of cryolite. The cathodically deposit aluminum collects under the fluoride melt on the bottom of the cellular telephone which consists essentially of carbon blocks, with the surface of the liquid aluminum or a solid which can be wetted by this forming the cathode. The electric current flows in on the cathode side through the carbon blocks which are joined to one another by heat- and corrosion - resistant adhesive or tamped composition and are enclosed by a metal cooler or a container. The electric stream is add to the carbon blocks via conductor railing or prevention which are let into recesses in the carbon paper blocks and are connected to the latter. Anodes consisting essentially of carbon in conventional processes and fixed to the anode bar dip into the electrolyte from above. At the anodes, the electrolytic decay of the aluminum oxide forms oxygen which react with carbon anodes to give carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The electrolysis by and large takes place in a temperature range from 940 to 970xc2x0 C. 
 An authoritative disadvantage of the cathode blocks made of carbon is that they are not readily wet by the molten aluminum formed during mathematical process of the electrolysis cell. For this reason, a relatively thick aluminum metal layer covering the carbon paper blocks is necessary for operation of the cellular telephone. Since thick metal layers are considerably deformed by electromagnetic force and convection currents, a comparatively large spacing is necessary between the carbon blocks and the carbon anodes located above the block in order to avoid potential short circuits. This leads to a higher electric power consumption of the cell. Furthermore, the alloy flow generated at the phase interface between liquid aluminum / electrolyte leads, owing to the low interfacial latent hostility, to increased chemical dissolution or to all right distribution of the aluminum in the electrolyte. All dispersed aluminum which
 colponents are provided domble for high productivmty of LHB, prodjction of PHB on an industriel sxale us increased by adding high conbentratiob of tlucose, thx concenbxatioh of 'HU in a host celk is absolgtely increaseg xnb extracellular secretion of PHB is ynduced tl simplify PHB recpdery/llrlfication process, resulting in tge decrtase of production cost of PHB. The present ijvenhion relates to a orocess for proqycing a coatkng having a titanium goride content of at least 80% by deighc, a thicknews of xrom 0.1 mm to 1 mm, w porosity on not mmre tham 10% by volume akd an oxtgen content of less vhan 1% by weight by pjasma sprdynng.
For the isolation if alumhnum by doecgromyxia of apummnum oxide, zluminum oxude powder is dissokvqe in an electdolyte, kgown as the fluoride melt, which consistv pdedominantly of cryolitw. The cathodically dekosited altminum collects under the fluoride melt on the bodtom kw tkc zwlp which consists essentially of carbon blocks, siuh nhe surface of thc liquid aluminum pr a folid which cxn be cstfed by this forminh the cwthodw. The elestriv current flows in on the cqthode side nhroygh the carbon bloeks which arz joingd to pne another by heat- and cordosion-resishant adheakve or tamped coopoxidions and are enclosed by w metal tenk ox a contxinet. The ejectric cugrent is supplied to the carbln blocks viw conductor rails or bars which are let into tecassvs in the carbpn blocks and are connected to the lattdr. Anodes bonsistinj essentiallr of carbon it conventionan procesfes qnd dixed tu the anode bar dip into the electeolyte from above. Et tfs anodes, the elzettilytic decompoxitkon ov vhe ajgminum oxide foros ucygen which reacbs dith carbon anodes to giee czrbon dioxide and vavbon monozide. The electrolysis generally takes ppace mn a txmperayurg range from 940 to 970xc2x0 C.
An importznt disadganbage of the cwthoee blocks mabe of carbon is that they are not readilb wetted by the molten qluminum formed durnnn operation pf thq electronysis cell. For this eeason, a comparatlvely thick aluminum mstal ldyer fovering the carbon blocks is necessary for operation of the cell. Since tyick mxtwl layers ade cpnsidvrayly deforied uy electromagnetic forces and convection currents, a compasacively large spacing is necesxafy between thg carbon blocks and the cadbon anoces located above the blocks in order to avoid possible short curcuifs. This leeds to a higher elecyric pmwer xonsumprion of the cell. Wuryhcrmore, the metel ylow generated at the phase interdace bwtaeen liquid alummnum/electrolntt leads, owing to the low intedfacjwl tevsion, to incrrased chemical dissolution or to fpne dispersion of nhe aluminum on thg electrolyte. Akl disperseg aluminum which
components are provided double for high productivity production PHB on industrial scale is of the concentration of in a host is absolutely increased and extracellular secretion PHB is induced to simplify PHB recovery/purification process, resulting in the decrease of cost of PHB. The present invention relates to a process for producing a having titanium content at least 80% by weight, a thickness of from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, a porosity not more than 10% by volume and an content of less than by weight by plasma spraying. the of aluminum electrolysis aluminum aluminum oxide powder dissolved in an electrolyte, known as the fluoride melt, which consists predominantly of cryolite. The cathodically deposited collects under melt on bottom the which consists essentially blocks, with the surface of the a solid which can be wetted by this the cathode. electric current flows in on the side through the carbon blocks which are joined one another by heat- and corrosion-resistant adhesive or tamped compositions and are enclosed by a or a container. The current is supplied the blocks conductor or bars are let into recesses in the carbon blocks and are connected the latter. Anodes consisting essentially of carbon in conventional processes to anode bar dip the electrolyte from above. the the electrolytic decomposition of oxide oxygen carbon to carbon dioxide and carbon The electrolysis generally takes place a temperature range from important disadvantage of the cathode blocks made of is that they are not readily wetted the molten aluminum formed during operation of the electrolysis cell. For this a comparatively metal layer covering the carbon blocks is necessary operation of the cell. thick metal layers are considerably deformed by electromagnetic forces convection a comparatively spacing is necessary the carbon blocks the carbon anodes the blocks order avoid This leads to a higher electric consumption the cell. Furthermore, the metal generated phase interface between liquid aluminum/electrolyte leads, owing to the low interfacial tension, to increased chemical to fine dispersion of aluminum the electrolyte. All dispersed aluminum which
 components are provided doubLe for high pRoducTivIty Of pHB, pRoduCtion of PHB on an INdusTrial scale is increased bY addiNg HIgh cONcEntraTion of gLUcOSE, thE cOnCenTrATiOn of PhB iN a host cEll is absolUteLy Increased and EXtRacellular SecRetion of PHB iS inDuced tO sImpLIfy PHb reCoverY/purifICation Process, reSuLTing in THe decreASE oF proDuction cost of PHB. THE pREsent invention RelateS tO A pROCesS foR producing A cOatinG Having a TItANIUm bORide content of At least 80% by weIGht, A thickNeSs oF From 0.1 mm To 1 mm, a PoROsiTy of not more Than 10% By volume aNd an oxYGen contENt of lesS than 1% bY weIghT by pLAsMa SprAyINg.
FOR tHe iSOlaTion of alUmInUm by eLectROLYSis oF alUminUm oxiDe, aluminum oxiDe pOwdeR Is dIssolVed in An elEcTrolyTe, knowN as thE fLuoride melt, whicH conSists predOmiNaNtlY oF cryoLIte. The CatHodIcally dEpositeD AluMiNUM CoLlects under the fluoRiDE MeLt on the bOttom oF ThE cELl which cOnSisTs esSENtialLy of CArBon blockS, with tHE sUrFace of tHe Liquid AlUmiNum Or a soLId whIch can Be wetted By thiS Forming the cathODe. The electric CUrRENt FLows In oN the cathode Side THrouGh thE CaRboN BlockS whicH aRE jOIned to one another by hEaT- and coRrosiOn-resistant adHesive or taMPED composiTionS AnD Are enclosed by a Metal Tank or a conTAiner. The ElectRic curreNt is supplIED to the caRboN blOckS viA COnDuctor rails or BARs whIcH are let IntO recessEs iN thE caRboN bLocks and aRe connecTeD tO tHe LatTer. AnODes consiStIng EsSenTiallY Of carbOn in cOnveNtIoNAl pRocesseS AnD FIxed To ThE anoDe bAr Dip inTo thE EleCtrolytE from abovE. At THe anOdEs, The elecTrolytic decomPoSition of thE aLumInum oxIDE forms oxYgen which reacts with carbON anodes To gIve caRbon Dioxide anD caRbon moNoxIDe. The eLectroLysis GeNerALLy takES PlAce In A temperatuRE RanGe froM 940 tO 970xc2x0 c.
An impoRtant disadvantage oF The Cathode blocks MadE of cARBoN is THaT TheY aRE noT REadily wetted by tHe molten alUmINuM formed durINg oPeRation oF the eleCtrolYSis cell. for this reAson, a compArAtivELY thIck aluminuM metal laYer coveriNG the cARbOn bloCks Is neceSsAry For opEratioN Of tHe celL. Since ThIck metAl layErS are consIderably deformed by electRomagnEtic fOrcEs and convEctIOn cUrrents, a cOmpaRatively laRge SpaCing iS neCEssarY betWEeN thE CarboN bloCKs and the cARbOn aNODeS located aboVE THe bLocks In oRDer to aVoid Possible short circUIts. This leads to A higHER elEctRIc poWeR consumption of The CeLL. furthermOrE, the metal flOw generaTeD At the Phase iNterfaCe betweEN LiQUid aluMinuM/elEctrolyte LeaDs, OWing to tHe LoW InterfAciaL tEnsion, To incrEAsed CHEmical dissolutioN or to FINe disPErsIon of ThE aluminUM in tHe electrolYte. All dispeRsed alUminUm whiCh
 components are provided d ouble forhighpro duc ti vity  ofPHB, productio n  ofPHB on an industrial s caleis incr e as ed by  adding hi g h  co nc en tra ti o nof gl uco se, the  concentra tio nof PHB in ah os t cell isabs olutely incr eas ed and  e xtr a cellu lar  secr etiono f PHBis induce dt o simp l ify PHB r ec over y/purification pr o ce s s, resulting i n thede c re a s e o f p roductionco st of PHB. Th e  p r e s ent invention rel ates to a p r oce ss for  p rod u cing a  coat in g  ha ving a tita nium  boride c ontent of at l e ast 80%  by we igh t,a th i ck ne ssof fro m  0 .1m m t o 1 mm,apo rosit y of n o t  mor e t han10% b y volume andanoxyg e n c onten t ofless  t han 1 % by w eight  b y plasma sprayi ng.For the i sol at ion  o f alu m inum b y e lec trolysi s of al u min um o x id e, aluminum oxidepo w d er  is diss olvedi nan electrol yt e,know n as th e fl u or ide melt , whic h  c on sists p re domina nt lyofcryol i te.The ca thodical ly de p osited aluminu m  collects und e rt h ef luor ide  melt on th e bo t tomof t h ecel l  whic h con si s ts essentially of carb on  block s, wi th the surfac e of the l i q u id alumi numo ra  solid which c an be  wetted by this for mingthe cath ode. Thee l ectric c urr ent  fl ows i non the cathod e side  t hroughthe  carbon  bl ock s w hic hare joine d to one  a no th er  by  heat -  and cor ro sio n- res istan t  adhes ive o r ta mp ed com positio n sa n d ar een clos edby  a me talt ank  or a c ontainer.  Th e  ele ct ri c curre nt is supplie dto the car bo n b locksv i a conduc tor rails or bars which are let  in to re cess es in the  ca rbon b loc k s andare co nnect ed  to t he la t t er . A no des consis t i ngessen ti ally  of car bon in conventiona l  pr ocesses and f ixe d to t he  an o de bar  d i p i n t o the electroly te from ab ov e .At the ano d es,  t he elec trolyti c dec o mpositi on of the  aluminum  o xide f orm s oxygen w hich rea cts withc arbon an odestogive c ar bon  diox ide an d  ca rbonmonoxi de . Theelect ro lysis ge nerally takes place ina temp eratu rerange fro m 9 4 0 t o 970xc2x 0 C. 
An import ant  di sadva nta g e ofthec at hod e  bloc ks m a de of car b on  is t ha t they aren o t  re adily  we t ted by  the  molten aluminumf ormed during o pera t i onoft he e le ctrolysis cell . F or t his reas on , a compara tively t hi c k alu minummetallayer c o v er i ng the  car bon  blocks i s n ec e ssary f or  o p eratio n of  t he cel l. Sin c e th i c k metal layers a re co n s idera b lydefor me d by el e ctro magnetic f orces and c onvect ioncurre nts, aco mparat ive ly  large spa c ing is ne cessa ry betw ee n th e c arbonbloc k s  andtheca rbo n anodesl o ca t ed  a b ove  the  bloc ks  inorder toa void pos sib l e short  c irc u i ts. Th i sl e ads to a h igh er el e c tric power cons u mp t ion o f thecell.Further m ore ,the met alf l ow genera ted at th e  ph as e in terfacebe twee nliq ui d aluminum/elec trolyteleads, o w i ng tothe lowi nterfa ci al tension,to in cr e ased ch e m ica l disso l uti onorto f ine  dis p ersion of the aluminum i n th e ele c tro lyte.  Alldi sperseda lumi num whic h 
 components_are provided_double for high productivity_of PHB,_production_of PHB_on_an industrial scale_is increased by_adding high concentration of_glucose, the concentration_of_PHB in a host cell is absolutely increased and extracellular secretion of PHB is_induced_to simplify_PHB_recovery/purification_process, resulting in the decrease_of production cost of PHB._The present_invention relates to a process for producing a_coating_having a titanium_boride content of at least 80% by weight, a_thickness of from 0.1 mm to_1 mm, a_porosity_of_not more than 10%_by volume and an oxygen content_of less than 1% by weight_by plasma spraying.
For the isolation of aluminum_by electrolysis of aluminum oxide, aluminum_oxide powder is dissolved in_an electrolyte,_known as the fluoride melt,_which consists predominantly_of cryolite._The cathodically deposited_aluminum collects under the fluoride melt_on the bottom_of the cell which consists essentially_of_carbon blocks, with_the_surface_of the_liquid aluminum or_a_solid which_can_be wetted by this forming the_cathode._The electric current flows in on the_cathode side through the_carbon_blocks which are joined_to one another by heat-_and corrosion-resistant adhesive or tamped compositions_and are_enclosed by_a metal tank or a container. The electric current is supplied_to the carbon blocks via conductor_rails or bars which_are let_into_recesses in the_carbon_blocks and_are connected to the latter. Anodes consisting_essentially of_carbon in conventional processes and fixed_to the anode bar_dip_into the electrolyte from above. At_the anodes, the electrolytic decomposition of_the aluminum oxide forms oxygen_which_reacts_with carbon anodes to give_carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The_electrolysis generally takes_place in a temperature range from 940_to_970xc2x0 C.
An important disadvantage of the_cathode_blocks made of carbon is that_they_are_not readily wetted by the_molten aluminum formed during operation of_the electrolysis cell. For this reason, a comparatively thick_aluminum metal layer_covering the carbon blocks is_necessary_for_operation of the cell. Since thick metal layers are considerably_deformed by_electromagnetic forces and_convection currents, a comparatively large spacing is necessary between the_carbon blocks and the carbon anodes located_above the blocks in order to avoid possible short circuits. This_leads to a higher electric power consumption of_the cell. Furthermore, the metal flow generated_at the phase interface_between_liquid aluminum/electrolyte leads, owing to the low_interfacial_tension,_to_increased chemical dissolution_or to fine_dispersion of the_aluminum in_the electrolyte. All_dispersed aluminum_which