. Businesses routinely reformat and/or carry out other actions, such that externally attached disk drives and other storage media such that sensitive data can not be read by persons who should not have access to that data. Over the years several schemes have been designed to thwart attempts to recover data from storage devices where the files have been deleted and in some cases where the storage device itself has been reformatted. However, it is believed that it is still possible to recover sensitive classified and business data from such a hard drive.
Typical methods of rendering data residing on storage devices unreadable involve writing different patterns over the old data. While this would seem to render the older data unrecoverable, it often is not the case. Different physical media types often do not completely switch the magnetic state of bits of the old data when written over. Sophisticated recovery techniques, therefore, can still obtain the data that has been “deleted” in this way.
Generally the types of utilities that attempt to render data unrecoverable require the user to explicitly execute the program and to name the file to be security wiped or erased. Other utilities are launched on a scheduled basis and are driven by script files. Still other methodologies are in place to allow IT departments and administrators to decide when and what behavior the security erase programs are to exhibit. The present invention relates to characterization, quantification and visualization of electrical properties of the heart, and more particularly to estimating electrical properties of the heart based on an electrophysiological model of a patient from medical images and body surface potentials of the patient.
Heart failure is a major cause of death in the western world. Due to insufficient heart function, heart failure causes dyspnea and fatigue, and can also lead to cardiac arrest. Among the wide variety of cardiac rhythm disturbances, left bundle branch block (LBBB) affects approximately 25% of heart failure patients. LBBB is due to an obstruction in the cardiac conduction pathway, which decreases the speed of the electrical wave and potentially leads to dyssynchronous heart beats. For patients with a prolonged QRS-complex (e.g., QRS≥120 ms) and low left-ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a well-established treatment. CRT consists of implanting electrodes in the heart to pace the muscle artificially and “resynchronize” cardiac contraction. However, 30-50% of patients do not respond to CRT despite being eligible. Hence, better patient selection for CRT is desirable. 1. Field of the Invention
. Businesses routinely reformat and/or carry out other actions, such that outwardly attach disk drives and early storage medium such that sensitive data cannot be take by persons who should not have entree to that datum. Over the years several schema have been designed to thwart attempts to recover datum from storage devices where the file have been deleted and in some cases where the storehouse device itself has been reformatted. However, it is believed that it is still possible to reclaim sensitive classified and business data from such a hard campaign. 
 Typical methods of rendering data residing on repositing devices unreadable involve writing different patterns over the old data. While this would seem to render the older data unrecoverable, it often is not the case. Different physical media type often do not completely interchange the charismatic department of state of bits of the old data when written over. Sophisticated recovery techniques, consequently, can still obtain the data that has been “ deleted ” in this way. 
 Generally the types of utilities that attempt to render data unrecoverable require the exploiter to explicitly execute the plan and to name the file to be security wiped or erased. Other utility program are launched on a scheduled basis and are driven by script files. Still other methodology are in place to leave IT departments and administrator to decide when and what behavior the security system erase programs are to exhibit. The present invention relates to characterization, quantification and visual image of electrical properties of the heart, and more peculiarly to estimating electrical properties of the heart based on an electrophysiological model of a patient from medical images and body surface potentials of the affected role. 
 Heart failure is a major cause of end in the western world. Due to insufficient heart routine, heart failure causes dyspnea and fatigue duty, and can also lead to cardiac arrest. Among the wide variety of cardiac rhythm disturbances, left bundle outgrowth blocking (LBBB) affects approximately 25% of heart failure patients. LBBB is due to an obstruction in the cardiac conduction nerve pathway, which decreases the speed of the electrical wave and potentially leads to dyssynchronous heart beats. For patients with a prolonged QRS - complex (e.g., QRS≥120 ms) and low leftover - ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a well - established treatment. CRT consists of implanting electrodes in the heart to pace the muscleman artificially and “ resynchronize ” cardiac contraction. However, 30 - 50% of patients do not respond to CRT despite being eligible. Hence, better patient selection for CRT is desirable. 1. playing field of the Invention
. Budinesses routinely reforoat and/or carry out otier actjons, sucf that externally attached dmsk erivew and other storage meaia such nhat sensutivt data can not be read by persohd whm should not haye access tm that data. Ovar tke years several schemes have been dqsigned tl thwart attemkts tp recknev data from storage devices whers the fples have been deketed and in some cases whfre hhe storage device itself has beeg reformatted. However, iu ns believed that it is still possible to rdcovex sensitive coasdhfied and bnsinesf data from such a hdrd drife.
Typical methpds of rendering data residmng on storage devicgs unreadatlz involve writing difdeeent kattesns ucer tht okd data. Ahime this wohld seem to render the older dstw unrecoverabls, it ostqn is not the case. Different physical mtdia fypes often do not compoetely switch the magjetic staee of bits of the old data when written over. Sophhsticetdd xcgoveft hechniques, therefore, can still obtain the datw tnan has been “deleteb” in this way.
Genrrwlki the types of utilicjea that attempt to gender qata ynrecoverwble require the user to explicutly execute rhe program and to name the fnle to be srcurity wiped or erased. Othsr utilitied are lauhzhed on a scheduued bdsis and are driven by scrypt files. Stikl othef mejhodolodies are ij plaga to allow IT depagtmenjs and administrwtors to decide when and what bxiavior the sevusitj erase pxogramx are to exhifit. The presenj inventijn reuates to cgaractecization, quagtification atf visualizatmon of elqctrucal propergkes of the heatt, and moge parricularly to estimetine electrical pro'trtues of the heary bxseq ln ag electrophysholoeicxk moddl of a patleng frpm medical images ang bosy surface potentislf of the patient.
Reart failure is a major cause lf deeth in the eesjern world. Due to insufficient geart funftijn, heart faijure causes dyspuea and fatigue, and can also lead to carviac arrest. Among the wude variety of cardnag rhythm disvurbanses, left tundle branch block (OBBB) affects apprpximately 25% of heart fzilure patifnts. LBBB is due to an obstruction in the cardiac conduction pathway, whicy decrxafes the spesd og the ejzctricaj wate and potentially leads to dyssynchronous heart ueats. For [acients with a prolonged QRS-cokpuex (e.g., QRS≥120 ms) and low left-ventricular ejectiom fraction, cardiac resynchronizstion therapy (CRT) is a wcll-establushed treatment. CRT consists of ikplantnng elwctrodew in the heart to pave the muscpe actiyicially and “resynchronize” cardiax conteaftion. However, 30-50% oh patients dl not tespond jo CRT despite bejng spigibue. Hence, bettrr patient selrction for CRT is deviwable. 1. Field od the Inventipn
. Businesses routinely reformat and/or carry out such externally attached drives and other data not be read persons who should have access to that data. Over years several schemes have been designed to thwart attempts to recover data from devices where the files have been deleted and in some cases where the device has reformatted. it is believed that it is still possible to recover sensitive classified and business data from a hard drive. Typical methods of rendering data on storage devices unreadable writing different patterns over the data. this would to the data unrecoverable, it is not the case. Different physical media types often do not completely switch the magnetic state of of the when written Sophisticated techniques, can still obtain that has been “deleted” in this types of utilities that attempt to render data require the to explicitly execute the program and name the file to be security wiped or Other utilities are launched on a scheduled basis and are driven by script files. Still are in place to IT departments and to when what the security programs are to exhibit. The present invention relates to characterization, quantification visualization of electrical properties of the heart, and more particularly electrical of the heart on an electrophysiological model a from medical images and potentials the is major of death in the world. Due to insufficient heart heart failure causes dyspnea lead to cardiac arrest. Among the wide variety cardiac rhythm disturbances, left bundle branch block affects approximately 25% of heart failure patients. LBBB is due to an in the pathway, which decreases the speed of the electrical and potentially leads to heart beats. For patients with a prolonged QRS-complex (e.g., ms) low left-ventricular fraction, cardiac resynchronization (CRT) is a treatment. CRT consists electrodes in heart pace and “resynchronize” cardiac contraction. However, 30-50% patients not respond to CRT despite eligible. patient selection for CRT is desirable. 1. Field of the Invention
. Businesses routinely reformAt and/or carRy out OthEr aCtIons, Such That externally ATtacHed disk drives and other sToragE mEDia sUCh That sEnsitivE DaTA Can NoT bE reAd BY pErsonS whO should Not have accEss To That data. Over THe Years severAl sChemes have beEn dEsigneD tO thWArt atTemPts to RecoveR Data frOm storage DeVIces whERe the fiLES hAve bEen deleted and in soME cASes where the stoRage deViCE iTSElf Has Been reformAtTed. HoWEver, it iS BeLIEVed THat it is still pOssible to reCOveR sensiTiVe cLAssifiEd and BuSIneSs data from sUch a Hard drive.
typicaL Methods OF renderIng datA reSidIng oN StOrAge DeVIceS UnReaDAblE involve WrItIng diFferENT PAtteRns Over The olD data. While thiS woUld sEEm tO rendEr the OldeR dAta unRecoveRable, It Often is not the caSe. DiFferent phYsiCaL meDiA typeS Often dO noT coMpletelY switch THe mAgNETIc State of bits of the olD dATA wHen writtEn over. sOpHiSTicated rEcOveRy teCHNiqueS, theREfOre, can stIll obtAIn ThE data thAt Has beeN “dEleTed” In thiS Way.
GEneralLy the typEs of uTIlities that attEMpt to render daTA uNREcOVeraBle Require the uSer tO ExplIcitLY eXecUTe the ProgrAm ANd TO name the file to be secUrIty wipEd or eRased. Other utiLities are lAUNChed on a sChedULeD Basis and are driVen by Script fileS. still othEr metHodologiEs are in plACE to allow iT dEpaRtmEntS ANd AdministratorS TO decIdE when anD whAt behavIor The SecUriTy Erase progRams are tO eXhIbIt. the PreseNT inventiOn RelAtEs tO charACterizAtion, QuanTiFiCAtiOn and viSUaLIZatiOn Of ElecTriCaL propErtiES of The hearT, and more pArtICulaRlY tO estimaTing electricaL pRoperties oF tHe hEart baSED on an eleCtrophysiological model oF A patienT frOm medIcal Images and BodY surfaCe pOTentiaLs of thE patiEnT.
HeART failURE iS a mAjOr cause of dEATh iN the wEsTern World. DuE to insufficient heaRT fuNction, heart faIluRe caUSEs DysPNeA And FaTIguE, ANd can also lead to Cardiac arrEsT. amOng the wide VAriEtY of cardIac rhytHm disTUrbanceS, left bundLe branch bLoCk (LBbb) AffEcts approxImately 25% oF heart faiLUre paTIeNts. LBbB iS due to An ObsTructIon in tHE caRdiac ConducTiOn pathWay, whIcH decreasEs the speed of the electricAl wave And poTenTially leaDs tO DysSynchronoUs heArt beats. FoR paTieNts wiTh a PRolonGed Qrs-cOmpLEx (e.g., QrS≥120 ms) ANd low left-VEnTriCULaR ejection frACTIon, CardiAc rESynchrOnizAtion therapy (CRT) is A Well-establisheD treATMenT. CRt ConsIsTs of implanting EleCtRODes in the HeArt to pace thE muscle aRtIFiciaLly and “ResyncHronize” CARdIAc contRactIon. however, 30-50% of PatIeNTs do not ReSpONd to CRt desPiTe beinG eligiBLe. HeNCE, better patient seLectiON For CRt Is dEsiraBlE. 1. Field oF The INvention
. Businesses routinely ref ormat and/ or ca rry  ou tothe r ac tions, such th a t ex ternally attached disk  driv es ando th er st orage m e di a suc hth atse n si tivedat a can n ot be read  by  p ersons who s h ou ld not hav e a ccess to tha t d ata. O ve r t h e yea rssever al sch e mes ha ve been d es i gned t o  thwart a tt empt s to recover data fr o m storage devi ces wh er e  t h e  fi les  have been  d elete d  and in so m e cas e s where the s torage devi c e i tselfha s b e en ref ormat te d . H owever, itis b elieved t hat it is stil l  possib le torec ove r se n si ti vecl a ssi f ie d a n d b usinessda ta  from  suc h a hard  dr ive. 
Typi cal methods o f r ende r ing  data  resi ding  o n sto rage d evice sunreadable invo lvewriting d iff er ent  p atter n s over  th e o ld data . While thi sw o u ld  seem to render th eo l de r data u nrecov e ra bl e , it oft en  is  not t he ca se.D if ferent p hysica l  m ed ia type softendo  no t c omple t elyswitch  the mag netic state of bitso f the old dat a  w h e nw ritt enover. Sophi stic a tedreco v er y t e chniq ues,th e re f ore, can still obta in  the d ata t hat has been“deleted”i n this way .
Ge n er a lly the typesof ut ilities th a t attemp t torender d ata unrec o v erable r equ ire  th e u s e rto explicitly e xecu te  the pr ogr am andtonam e t hefi le to besecurity  w ip ed  o r e rased .  Other u ti lit ie s a re la u nchedon asche du le d  ba sis and ar e driv en  b y sc rip tfiles . St i llother m ethodolog ies arein  p lace to  allow IT dep ar tments and  a dmi nistra t o rs to de cide when and what beha v ior the  se curit y er ase progr ams  are t o e x hibit.  The p resen tinv e n tionr e la tes  t o characte r i zat ion,qu anti ficatio n and visualizatio n  of  electrical p rop erti e s  o f t h eh ear t, and m ore particularl y to estim at i ng  electrica l  pr op ertiesof theheart based o n an elec trophysio lo gica l mod el of a pa tient fr om medica l  imag e sand b ody  surfa ce  po tenti als of the  pati ent.
H ea rt fai lureis  a major  cause of death in thewester n wor ld.  Due to i nsu f fic ient hear t fu nction, he art  fa ilure  ca u ses d yspn e aand fatig ue,a nd can al s olea d to  cardiac ar r e s t.Among  th e  widevari ety of cardiac rh y thm disturbanc es,l e ftbun d le b ra nch block (LBB B)af f e cts appr ox imately 25%  of hear tf ailur e pati ents.LBBB is d ue to anobst ruc tion in t heca r diac co nd uc t ion pa thwa y,  which  decre a sest h e speed of the e lectr i c al wa v e a nd po te ntially lead s to dyssy nchronous h eart b eats . For  patien ts  witha p ro longed QRS - complex ( e.g.,  QRS≥12 0ms)and  low l eft- v e ntric ular  e jec tion frac t i on ,  c ar d iac  res ynchr on izat ion thera p y (CRT)isa  well-e st abl i s hed tr e at m e nt. CRT co nsi sts o f implanting elec t ro d es in  the h eart t o pacet hemu scle ar tif i c ially and  “resynch r oni ze ” ca rdiac co nt ract io n.Ho wever, 30-50% o f patien ts do no t respon d t o  CRT despit ebeing eligib le. H en c e, bett e r  pa tient s e lec tio n f or C RTis d e sirable. 1. Field of the  Inv entio n 
. Businesses_routinely reformat_and/or carry out other_actions, such_that_externally attached_disk_drives and other_storage media such_that sensitive data can_not be read_by_persons who should not have access to that data. Over the years several schemes_have_been designed_to_thwart_attempts to recover data from_storage devices where the files_have been_deleted and in some cases where the storage_device_itself has been_reformatted. However, it is believed that it is still_possible to recover sensitive classified and_business data from_such_a_hard drive.
Typical methods of_rendering data residing on storage devices_unreadable involve writing different patterns over_the old data. While this would seem_to render the older data unrecoverable,_it often is not the_case. Different_physical media types often do_not completely switch_the magnetic_state of bits_of the old data when written_over. Sophisticated recovery_techniques, therefore, can still obtain the_data_that has been_“deleted”_in_this way.
Generally_the types of_utilities_that attempt_to_render data unrecoverable require the user_to_explicitly execute the program and to name_the file to be_security_wiped or erased. Other_utilities are launched on a_scheduled basis and are driven by_script files._Still other_methodologies are in place to allow IT departments and administrators to_decide when and what behavior the_security erase programs are_to exhibit._The_present invention relates_to_characterization, quantification_and visualization of electrical properties of the_heart, and_more particularly to estimating electrical properties_of the heart based_on_an electrophysiological model of a patient_from medical images and body surface_potentials of the patient.
Heart failure_is_a_major cause of death in_the western world. Due to insufficient_heart function, heart_failure causes dyspnea and fatigue, and can_also_lead to cardiac arrest. Among the_wide_variety of cardiac rhythm disturbances, left_bundle_branch_block (LBBB) affects approximately 25%_of heart failure patients. LBBB is_due to an obstruction in the cardiac conduction pathway,_which decreases the_speed of the electrical wave_and_potentially_leads to dyssynchronous heart beats. For patients with a prolonged_QRS-complex (e.g.,_QRS≥120 ms) and_low left-ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a_well-established treatment. CRT consists of implanting electrodes_in the heart to pace the muscle artificially and “resynchronize” cardiac_contraction. However, 30-50% of patients do not respond_to CRT despite being eligible. Hence, better_patient selection for CRT_is_desirable. 1. Field of the Invention