 the center of the rear end of the free layer.
Therefore, in order to nucleate the free layer as the single magnetic domain, a bias magnetic field having an intensity high enough to prevent the bias magnetic fields from being canceled out should be applied to the portion in which the current magnetic field HI acts in the direction in which the intensity of the bias magnetic field is decreased.
However, this bias magnetic field becomes too high in intensity at the portion in which the current magnetic field acts in the direction in which the intensity of the bias magnetic field is increased, so that a sensitivity at this portion is lowered, accordingly, the output of the magneto-resistive effect element is decreased. The present invention relates to a metallic gasket and, more particularly, to a metallic gasket for use at the junction between a cylinder head and a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine. The present invention is directed to providing a metallic gasket which prevents leakage of combustion gas, cooling water and lubricating oil or the like.
There are a variety of shapes for such metallic gaskets used at the junction between a cylinder head and a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine.
The principle structure is arranged in such a manner that a bead is provided for a base plate made of an elastic metallic plate. The bead is elastically deformed by tightening a bolt, and the elastic restoring force caused by elastically deformed bead provides the sealing effect required at the junction.
A metallic gasket such as that described above can be laminated gasket comprising a plurality of gasket sheets. For example, as disclosed in Japanese Publication No. 62-261761 submitted by the applicant of the present invention, a gasket can have a structure comprising a laminated body formed by disposing two subplates on two sides of a core provided with a bead, together with a stopper provided in the flat portion adjacent to a projection closer to the combustion chamber than the position at which the bead is provided.
However, the above-described type of gasket can break due to the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the stopper which is formed by a thermal spray and the base plate on which the stopper is formed. This is because the stopper is installed at the edge of the combustion chamber, and the base plate and the subplate repeatedly move relative to one another. I. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to apparatus for position measurement. In particular, this invention relates to interface circuits used with electromagnetic position transducers.

the center of the rear end of the free layer. 
 consequently, in decree to nucleate the free layer as the individual charismatic domain, a bias magnetic plain having an intensity eminent enough to prevent the bias magnetic field from being canceled out should be apply to the portion in which the current magnetic field HI acts in the direction in which the intensity of the diagonal magnetic field is decreased. 
 However, this diagonal magnetic field becomes too high in volume at the portion in which the current magnetic field acts in the direction in which the volume of the bias magnetic field is increased, so that a sensitivity at this portion is lowered, accordingly, the output of the magneto - resistive effect element is decreased. The present invention relates to a metallic gasket and, more particularly, to a metallic gasket for use at the junction between a cylinder head and a cylinder pulley of an internal combustion locomotive. The present invention is steer to provide a metallic gasket which prevents leakage of combustion gas, cooling water and lubricating petroleum or the like. 
 There are a variety of shapes for such metallic gaskets used at the articulation between a cylinder head and a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine. 
 The principle structure is arranged in such a manner that a drop is provided for a base plate made of an elastic metallic plate. The drop is elastically deformed by tightening a bolt, and the elastic restore force caused by elastically deformed bead put up the sealing impression required at the junction. 
 A metallic gasket such as that describe above can be laminated gasket consist a plurality of gasket tabloid. For example, as disclose in Japanese Publication No. 62 - 261761 submitted by the applicant of the present invention, a gasket can have a structure comprising a laminated body form by disposing two subplates on two side of a core provided with a bead, together with a stopper supply in the flat portion adjacent to a project closer to the combustion chamber than the position at which the bead is provided. 
 However, the above - identify type of gasket can break due to the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the stopper which is formed by a thermal atomizer and the base plate on which the show-stopper is formed. This is because the stopper is installed at the edge of the combustion chamber, and the foundation plate and the subplate repeatedly move relative to one another. I. Field of the Invention 
 This invention relates broadly to apparatus for position measurement. In particular, this invention relates to interface circuits used with electromagnetic military position transducers.
 thf center of the rear end of the free laiee.
Therehore, in order tu nucleate the free layer as tye sibgle magnetic domain, a bias magjetic fiwld iaving an intensmfy high enougg to 'rxvent the bias kagnetic fhelds from beitg ccnceled out should be applied to the portiom ln which the correnu mwgnefpc field HI acts in the directikn in wiich the intensoty of the bias magnetic fleld is decreased.
Howevfr, this biaw madbetic field cecomes too high in injensity at the portion in which ghe cbrrent magngcuc vheld acts ii the qirection in which tve intemsity of the blas megneric field is increasev, so that a sensitivyty at thhs portion is lowerwd, accotdingny, tfw ojtpht or the lagieto-resistibe effect eoement is decreased. Trv present invsntion rqlates to a metallic gasket and, more pagtichlarly, to a metallic gawket for use at the jonction beeween a cylinder head and a cylinder block of an hnteriau cimnustkin engine. The present invention is directed to [doficing a metallig gasket which prefejtx leakage of cumbustnkn gas, cooling water and lufricaring oil jr tne like.
There are a variety if shapes fog suxh metallic gasketd used at tke junvtion between a cylinder heab and z cylinder hlock of zv internal comburtipn engine.
The principle struceure is acrangzd in suzh a mannew that a bfad is provided for a bade plcte mdde of an flastic metallic plate. The bead is elasticalli dafogmed by tnghtenlng a bolt, and ehe elastic rextoring forcd caused bj elasticelly deformeq bead providad the sealinj effect wequured at the gunction.
A metaklic gaskvt sucy as that describev abube can be lamincued gasket comprisong a [llrakief of gasket vheegs. Wpr exxmple, as diwzlosrd in Japanese Publiwatikn No. 62-261761 submitted bu bhe applixant of ehe present imvention, a gasket fan heve a rtrucyurg comprising a laminated body fkrmed by fisiosing two sufplabes jn two sidzs of a core provided with a bead, togethxr with a stopper provieed in the flat porjiok adjacent tp a pwojection closer to the combuwtion chamber thak the position at whicg the tead ls provided.
However, the above-described type of gasket can break due to the diffecegce in the doefgiciettf of thqrmap expansion of thv stopper which is formed by a tiermal sprdy and the base plate on which tfe stopper is formed. This is because fhe stopler is installed at the edge of the combustion chamber, snd the vase llate and vhe subplate repeatecly more relqtive ti onc another. I. Fidld on the Invejtioi
Thns invention relates generally to apparqtks for position keasurement. Ln parjicular, jhis invention rematea to ivterface circiits used with electromagnetic posptijn transducers.

the center of the rear end of layer. in order nucleate the free domain, bias magnetic field an intensity high to prevent the bias magnetic fields being canceled out should be applied to the portion in which the current field HI acts in the direction in which the intensity of the bias field decreased. this magnetic field becomes too high in intensity at the portion in which the current magnetic field in the direction in which the intensity of bias magnetic field is so that a sensitivity at portion lowered, accordingly, output the effect element is The present invention relates to a metallic gasket and, more particularly, to a metallic gasket for use the junction cylinder head a block an internal combustion present invention is directed to providing which prevents leakage of combustion gas, cooling water lubricating oil the like. There are a variety shapes for such metallic gaskets used at the between a cylinder head and a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine. The principle arranged in such a that a bead provided a plate of an metallic plate. The bead is elastically deformed by tightening a bolt, the elastic restoring force caused by elastically deformed bead provides effect at the junction. metallic gasket such as described can be laminated gasket plurality gasket as in Publication No. 62-261761 submitted the applicant of the present a gasket can have body formed by disposing two subplates on two of a core provided with a bead, with a stopper provided in the flat portion adjacent to a projection to the than the position at which the bead is However, the above-described type gasket can break due to the difference in the of expansion of stopper which is by a thermal and the base which the is This stopper is installed at the edge the chamber, and the base plate the move relative to one another. I. Field of the Invention This invention relates generally to position measurement. In particular, invention to interface circuits used with electromagnetic position transducers.
 the center of the rear end of thE free layer.
thereForE, in OrDer tO nucLeate the free laYEr as The single magnetic domaiN, a biaS mAGnetIC fIeld hAving an INtENSitY hIgH enOuGH tO prevEnt The bias Magnetic fiEldS fRom being cancELeD out should Be aPplied to the pOrtIon in wHiCh tHE currEnt MagneTic fieLD HI actS in the dirEcTIon in wHIch the iNTEnSity Of the bias magnetic FIeLD is decreased.
HoWever, tHiS BiAS MagNetIc field becOmEs too HIgh in inTEnSITY at THe portion in whIch the curreNT maGnetic FiEld ACts in tHe dirEcTIon In which the iNtenSity of the Bias maGNetic fiELd is incReased, So tHat A senSItIvIty At THis POrTioN Is lOwered, acCoRdIngly, The oUTPUT of tHe mAgneTo-resIstive effect eLemEnt iS DecReaseD. The pReseNt InvenTion reLates To A metallic gasket And, mOre particUlaRlY, to A mEtallIC gaskeT foR usE at the jUnction BEtwEeN A CYlInder head and a cylinDeR BLoCk of an inTernal COmBuSTion engiNe. the PresENT inveNtioN Is Directed To provIDiNg A metallIc Gasket WhIch PreVents LEakaGe of coMbustion Gas, coOLing water and luBRicating oil or THe LIKe.
tHere Are A variety of sHapeS For sUch mETaLliC GaskeTs useD aT ThE Junction between a cylInDer heaD and a Cylinder block Of an internAL COmbustioN engINe.
tHe principle strUcturE is arrangeD In such a mAnner That a beaD is providED For a base PlaTe mAde Of aN ELaStic metallic pLATe. ThE bEad is elAstIcally dEfoRmeD by TigHtEning a bolT, and the eLaStIc ReStoRing fORce causeD bY elAsTicAlly dEFormed Bead pRoviDeS tHE seAling efFEcT REquiReD aT the JunCtIon.
A mEtalLIc gAsket suCh as that dEscRIbed AbOvE can be lAminated gaskeT cOmprising a PlUraLity of GASket sheeTs. For example, as disclosed IN JapaneSe PUblicAtioN No. 62-261761 submitTed By the aPplICant of The preSent iNvEntION, a gasKET cAn hAvE a structurE COmpRisinG a LamiNated boDy formed by disposinG Two Subplates on twO siDes oF A CoRe pROvIDed WiTH a bEAD, together with a sTopper provIdED iN the flat poRTioN aDjacent To a projEctioN Closer tO the combuStion chamBeR thaN THe pOsition at wHich the bEad is provIDed.
HoWEvEr, the AboVe-descRiBed Type oF gaskeT Can Break Due to tHe DifferEnce iN tHe coeffiCients of thermal expansioN of the StoppEr wHich is forMed BY a tHermal sprAy anD the base plAte On wHich tHe sTOpper Is foRMeD. ThIS is beCausE The stoppeR Is InsTALlEd at the edge OF THe cOmbusTioN ChambeR, and The base plate and thE Subplate repeatEdly MOVe rElaTIve tO oNe another. I. FielD of ThE iNvention
thIs invention Relates gEnERally To appaRatus fOr positION mEAsuremEnt. IN paRticular, tHis InVEntion rElAtES to intErfaCe CircuiTs used WIth eLECtromagnetic posiTion tRANsducERs.

 the center of the rear en d of the f ree l aye r.Th eref ore,  in order to n u clea te the free layer as t he si ng l e ma g ne tic d omain,a  b i a s m ag ne tic  f i el d hav ing  an int ensity hig h e no ugh to preve n tthe bias m agn etic fieldsfro m bein gcan c eledout  shou ld bea pplied  to the p or t ion in which t h e  c urre nt magnetic field HI acts in the di rectio ni nw h ich  th e intensit yof th e  bias m a gn e t i c f i eld is decrea sed.
Howeve r , t his bi as  ma g neticfield  b e com es too high  inintensity  at th e  portio n  in whi ch the  cu rre nt m a gn et icfi e lda ct s i n  th e direct io nin wh icht h e inte nsi ty o f the  bias magneti c f ield isincre ased,  soth at asensit ivity  a t this portionis l owered, a cco rd ing ly , the output  of  th e magne to-resi s tiv ee f f ec t element is decre as e d .The pres ent in v en ti o n relate stoa me t a llicgask e tand, mor e part i cu la rly, to  a  metal li c g ask et fo r  use  at th e juncti on be t ween a cylinde r  head and a c y li n d er bloc k o f an intern al c o mbus tion en gin e . The  pres en t  i n vention is directed  t o prov iding  a metallic g asket whic h p reventsleak a ge of combustiongas,cooling wa t er and l ubric ating oi l or thel i ke.
Ther e a rea v ari e t yof shapes for s uchme tallicgas kets us edatthe  ju nc tion betw een a cy li nd er  h ead  anda  cylinde rblo ck  of  an i n ternal  comb usti on  e n gin e.
Thep ri n c iple  s tr uctu reis  arra nged insuch amanner th ata  bea dis  provid ed for a base  p late madeof  an  elast i c  metalli c plate. The bead is el a sticall y d eform ed b y tighten ing  a bol t,a nd the  elast ic re st ori n g  forc e ca use dby elastic a l lydefor me d be ad prov ides the sealing e f fec t required at  th e ju n c ti on. Am eta ll i c g a s ket such as tha t describe da bo ve can bel ami na ted gas ket com prisi n g a plu rality of  gasket s he ets. F orexample, a s disclo sed in Ja p anese Pu blica tio n No.62 -26 1761submit t edby th e appl ic ant of  thepr esent in vention, a gasket can h ave astruc tur e compris ing a l aminatedbody  formed by  di spo singtwo subpl ates on  tw o  side s of a core pr o vi ded w it h a bead, t o g e the r wit h a stoppe r pr ovided in the fla t  portion adjac entt o  apro j ecti on  closer to the  co mb u s tion cha mb er than the  positio na t whi ch the  beadis prov i d ed . 
Howev er,the  above-de scr ib e d typeof  g a sket c an b re ak due  to th e  dif f e rence in the coe ffici e n ts of the rmalex pansion of t he stopper  which is f ormedby a  ther mal spr ay  and t heba se plate o n  which th e sto pper is  f orme d.This i s be c a use t he s to ppe r is inst a l le d  a tt heedge  of t he  com bustion c h amber, a ndt he base  p lat e and th e  s u b plate repe ate dly m o v e relative to o n ea nothe r. I.Fieldof theI nve nt ion
Thi s i n v ention re lates gen e ral ly  toapparatu sforpo sit io n measurement.In parti cular, t h i s inve nti o n re l ates t ointerface ci rcuit su sed wit h ele ctromag n eti c p osi tion  tr ansd u cers.

 the_center of_the rear end of_the free_layer.
Therefore,_in order_to_nucleate the free_layer as the_single magnetic domain, a_bias magnetic field_having_an intensity high enough to prevent the bias magnetic fields from being canceled out_should_be applied_to_the_portion in which the current_magnetic field HI acts in_the direction_in which the intensity of the bias magnetic_field_is decreased.
However, this_bias magnetic field becomes too high in intensity at_the portion in which the current_magnetic field acts_in_the_direction in which the_intensity of the bias magnetic field_is increased, so that a sensitivity_at this portion is lowered, accordingly, the_output of the magneto-resistive effect element_is decreased. The present invention_relates to_a metallic gasket and, more_particularly, to a_metallic gasket_for use at_the junction between a cylinder head_and a cylinder_block of an internal combustion engine._The_present invention is_directed_to_providing a_metallic gasket which_prevents_leakage of_combustion_gas, cooling water and lubricating oil_or_the like.
There are a variety of shapes_for such metallic gaskets_used_at the junction between_a cylinder head and a_cylinder block of an internal combustion_engine.
The principle_structure is_arranged in such a manner that a bead is provided for_a base plate made of an_elastic metallic plate. The_bead is_elastically_deformed by tightening_a_bolt, and_the elastic restoring force caused by elastically_deformed bead_provides the sealing effect required at_the junction.
A metallic gasket_such_as that described above can be_laminated gasket comprising a plurality of_gasket sheets. For example, as_disclosed_in_Japanese Publication No. 62-261761 submitted_by the applicant of the present_invention, a gasket_can have a structure comprising a laminated_body_formed by disposing two subplates on_two_sides of a core provided with_a_bead,_together with a stopper provided_in the flat portion adjacent to_a projection closer to the combustion chamber than the_position at which_the bead is provided.
However, the_above-described_type_of gasket can break due to the difference in the_coefficients of_thermal expansion of_the stopper which is formed by a thermal spray and_the base plate on which the stopper_is formed. This is because the stopper is installed at the_edge of the combustion chamber, and the base_plate and the subplate repeatedly move relative_to one another. I._Field_of the Invention
This invention relates generally to_apparatus_for_position_measurement. In particular,_this invention relates_to interface circuits_used with_electromagnetic position transducers.
