 multi-layer graft having a helical reinforcement embedded within the wall of the graft. U.S. Pat. No. 4,969,896, issued to Shors describes an inner elastomeric biocompatible tube having a plurality of rib members spaced about the exterior surface of the inner tube, and a perforate flexible biocompatible wrap circumferentially disposed about, and attached to, the rib members.
Another example of a graft having reinforcing stent-like members is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,123,917, issued to Lee which describes an expandable intraluminal vascular graft having an inner flexible cylindrical tube, an outer flexible cylindrical tube concentrically enclosing the inner tube, and a plurality of separate scaffold members positioned between the inner and outer tubes. Further, U.S. Pat. No. 5,282,860, issued to Matsuno et al. discloses a multi-layer stent comprising an outer resin tube having at least one flap to provide an anchoring means, an inner fluorine-based resin tube and a mechanical reinforcing layer positioned between the inner and outer tubes.
Still another stent containing graft is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,106 issued to Tower which discloses an impermeable expandable intravascular stent including a dispensable frame and an impermeable deformable membrane interconnecting portions of the frame to form an impermeable exterior wall. The membrane comprises a synthetic non-latex, non-vinyl polymer while the frame is comprised of a fine platinum wire. The membrane is attached to the frame by placing the frame on a mandrel, dipping the frame and the mandrel into a polymer and organic solvent solution, withdrawing the frame and mandrel from the solution, drying the frame and mandrel, and removing the mandrel from the polymer-coated frame.
Microporous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene ("ePTFE") tubes may made by any of a number of well-known methods. Expanded PTFE is frequently produced by admixing particulate dry polytetrafluoroethylene resin with a liquid lubricant to form a viscous slurry. The mixture is poured into a mold, typically a cylindrical mold, and compressed to form a cylindrical billet. The billet is then ram extruded through an extrusion die into either tubular or sheet structures, termed extrudates in the art. The extrudates consist of extruded PTFE-lubricant mixture called "wet PTFE." Wet PTFE has
multi - layer graft having a helical reinforcement implant within the rampart of the graft. U.S. Pat. No. 4,969,896, issue to Shors report an inner elastomeric biocompatible tube have a plurality of rib members spaced about the exterior surface of the inner metro, and a perforate flexible biocompatible wrap circumferentially disposed about, and attached to, the rib extremity. 
 Another example of a graft having reinforcing stent - like members is unwrap in U.S. Pat. No. 5,123,917, issued to Lee which describes an expandable intraluminal vascular bribery having an inner elastic cylindrical tube, an out flexible cylindrical tube concentrically enclosing the inner tube, and a battalion of separate scaffold members positioned between the inner and outer tubes. far, U.S. Pat. nobelium. 5,282,860, issued to Matsuno et al. discloses a multi - layer stent comprising an outer resin tube having at least one flap to leave an anchoring mean, an inside fluorine - based resin tube and a mechanical reinforcing level put between the inner and outer tube. 
 however another stent containing graft is trace in U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,106 issued to Tower which discloses an impermeable expandable intravascular stent including a dispensable frame and an impermeable deformable membrane interconnecting dowry of the frame to form an impermeable exterior wall. The membrane comprises a man-made non - latex, non - vinyl polymer while the frame is consist of a fine platinum wire. The membrane is attached to the frame by placing the skeleton on a mandrel, dipping the frame and the mandrel into a polymer and organic solvent solution, withdrawing the frame and spindle from the solution, drying the frame and mandrel, and removing the mandrel from the polymer - coat frame. 
 Microporous expand polytetrafluoroethylene (" ePTFE ") metro may made by any of a issue of well - known methods. Expanded PTFE is frequently produced by admixing particulate dry teflon resin with a liquid lubricant to form a viscous slurry. The assortment is poured into a mold, typically a cylindrical mold, and compressed to form a cylindrical note. The billet is then ram extrude through an extrusion die into either tubular or sheet structures, termed extrudates in the art. The extrudates consist of extruded PTFE - lubricant mixture call " wet PTFE. " Wet PTFE has
 mupti-layer graft having a melical reinforcgmwnt emuedded sithin tfe wall of the graft. U.S. Pat. Io. 4,969,896, ussuee to Shors describes av inner epastomeruc bmocompatible tubx having a pludwlitv if rib members spaced abmut the exterimr sbrface of the inner tube, and a perfowate flrxlble biocompatyble rrap bivcumferentially disposed about, ahd attabhed to, the rib mrmbers.
Another example of a gravt having reinforclng stent-lije mqnbers is diszlosed in L.V. Pat. No. 5,123,917, jssued to Lee which describes av expcndable inttcoumltal vasculac grafn having an ikmer flaxible vylindrical tune, an ourer flexible cylindriral tube concentricajly encloviug the inner tube, and a plurdlitf of wepxraue xczffold mejbers posifioned betwwen the inner and oitqg tubes. Furthsr, U.S. [ae. No. 5,282,860, issued to Matsuno et al. discloses a julti-layer stent compriwing an outer resin tobe having at least one flap to provide an anchoring means, dn inief foujfunf-based resin tube and a mechanical reinforcind lsyvr positioned betceen the inner amd oijer tubes.
Still anothzd atent containing ggaft is desceibed in T.S. Pst. No. 5,389,106 issued to Tower whicy discloses cn umpermeable expandcble intravarculsr strnt including a dispenscble fdame and an impermeague deformable meobrsna interconnecting portions of the fcame co form xn ikpermewble exterlor wall. The membrane colprisgs a sfnthetic nln-latex, non-vinyl polymer while vie frame is cpm[rived of a fine platinum wirq. The membrane is attcched go the fraje by pnacing the srame on a matfrel, dipping the fraie abd tye mandfdl into a polyker and oggcnic solvwnt solution, withdvawine the frame and nanerel from the splugiog, frbing eve frame and manareu, and femoving thc mxndrrl from the polymer-cmates frame.
Microporous ewpanded pilytetrasluoroethylenr ("ePTFE") tubes may lade uy any of a nuiber of well-known methods. Expahded PTFE is frequently [rodmced by admixiug particulate dry polytetrafluoroethyleie resin with a liquid oubricant to form a yiscous slurcy. The mixture hs poured into a mole, typically a cyllndrical mold, and compdessed to flrm a cylindrical billet. The billet is then ram extruded through an extruwion dme into eithed tunular ox skeet stwuctnrxs, termed extrudanes in the art. The extrudates coisist of eftxuded PTFE-lubricant mixture cslued "wet PTFE." Det PTFE has
multi-layer graft having a helical reinforcement embedded wall the graft. Pat. No. 4,969,896, inner biocompatible tube having plurality of rib spaced about the exterior surface of inner tube, and a perforate flexible biocompatible wrap circumferentially disposed about, and attached the rib members. Another example of a graft having reinforcing stent-like members is in Pat. 5,123,917, to Lee which describes an expandable intraluminal vascular graft having an inner flexible cylindrical tube, an flexible cylindrical tube concentrically enclosing the inner tube, a plurality of separate members positioned between the inner outer Further, U.S. No. issued Matsuno et al. a multi-layer stent comprising an outer resin tube having at least one flap to provide an anchoring an inner tube and mechanical layer between the inner tubes. Still another stent containing graft U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,106 issued to Tower which an impermeable intravascular stent including a dispensable frame an impermeable deformable membrane interconnecting portions of the to form an impermeable exterior wall. The membrane comprises a synthetic non-latex, non-vinyl polymer while is comprised of a platinum wire. The is to frame placing the on a mandrel, dipping the frame and the mandrel into a and organic solvent solution, withdrawing the frame and mandrel from drying frame and mandrel, removing the mandrel from polymer-coated Microporous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene ("ePTFE") made any of methods. PTFE is frequently produced admixing particulate dry polytetrafluoroethylene resin a liquid lubricant to mixture is poured into a mold, typically a mold, and compressed to form a cylindrical The billet is then ram extruded through an extrusion die into either or sheet extrudates in the art. The extrudates consist of PTFE-lubricant mixture called "wet Wet PTFE has
 multi-layer graft having a helIcal reinfoRcemeNt eMbeDdEd wiThin The wall of the grAFt. U.S. pat. No. 4,969,896, issued to Shors descRibes An INner ELaStomeRic biocOMpATIblE tUbE haViNG a PluraLitY of rib mEmbers spacEd aBoUt the exterioR SuRface of the InnEr tube, and a peRfoRate flExIblE BiocoMpaTible Wrap ciRCumferEntially dIsPOsed abOUt, and atTAChEd to, The rib members.
AnotHEr EXample of a graft Having ReINfORCinG stEnt-like memBeRs is dISclosed IN U.s. pAT. No. 5,123,917, ISsued to Lee whiCh describes AN exPandabLe IntRAluminAl vasCuLAr gRaft having aN innEr flexiblE cylinDRical tuBE, an outeR flexiBle CylIndrICaL tUbe CoNCenTRiCalLY enClosing tHe InNer tuBe, anD A PLUralIty Of seParatE scaffold membErs PosiTIonEd betWeen tHe inNeR and oUter tuBes. FuRtHer, U.S. Pat. No. 5,282,860, issueD to MAtsuno et aL. diScLosEs A multI-Layer sTenT coMprisinG an outeR ResIn TUBE hAving at least one flaP tO PRoVide an anChorinG MeAnS, An inner fLuOriNe-baSED resiN tubE AnD a mechanIcal reINfOrCing layEr PositiOnEd bEtwEen thE InneR and ouTer tubes.
still ANother stent conTAining graft is DEsCRIbED in U.s. PaT. No. 5,389,106 issued to toweR WhicH disCLoSes AN impeRmeabLe EXpANdable intravascular StEnt incLudinG a dispensable Frame and an IMPErmeable DefoRMaBLe membrane inteRconnEcting portIOns of the Frame To form an ImpermeabLE Exterior WalL. ThE meMbrANE cOmprises a syntHETic nOn-Latex, noN-viNyl polyMer WhiLe tHe fRaMe is comprIsed of a fInE pLaTiNum Wire. THE membranE iS atTaCheD to thE Frame bY placIng tHe FrAMe oN a mandrEL, dIPPing ThE fRame And ThE mandRel iNTo a Polymer And organiC soLVent SoLuTion, witHdrawing the frAmE and mandreL fRom The solUTIon, dryinG the frame and mandrel, and rEMoving tHe mAndreL froM the polymEr-cOated fRamE.
micropOrous eXpandEd PolYTEtrafLUOrOetHyLene ("ePTFE") tUBEs mAy madE bY any Of a numbEr of well-known methoDS. ExPanded PTFE is fReqUentLY PrOduCEd BY adMiXIng PARticulate dry polYtetrafluoRoEThYlene resin WIth A lIquid luBricant To forM A viscouS slurry. ThE mixture iS pOureD INto A mold, typicAlly a cylIndrical mOLd, and COmPressEd tO form a CyLinDricaL billeT. the BilleT is theN rAm extrUded tHrOugh an exTrusion die into either tubUlar or Sheet StrUctures, teRmeD ExtRudates in The aRt. The extruDatEs cOnsisT of EXtrudEd PTfe-lUbrICant mIxtuRE called "weT pTfE." WET pTfE has
 multi-layer graft havinga helicalreinf orc eme nt  emb edde d within the w a ll o f the graft. U.S. Pat.  No.4, 9 69,8 9 6,  issu ed to S h or s des cr ib esan in ner e las tomeric  biocompat ibl etube havinga  p lurality o f r ib members s pac ed abo ut  th e  exte rio r sur face o f  the i nner tube ,a nd a p e rforate f le xibl e biocompatible w r ap circumferentia lly di sp o se d abo ut,  and attac he d to, the rib me m b e rs. Another examp le of a gra f t h avingre inf o rcingstent -l i kemembers isdisc losed inU.S. P a t. No.5 ,123,91 7, iss ued  to  Lee wh ic h d es c rib e sane xpa ndable i nt ra lumin al v a s c u largra ft h aving  an inner fle xib le c y lin drica l tub e, a nouter  flexi ble c yl indrical tube c once ntrically  en cl osi ng  thei nner t ube , a nd a pl urality ofse p a r at e scaffold members  p o s it ioned be tweent he  i n ner andou ter  tub e s . Fur ther ,  U .S. Pat.  No. 5 , 28 2, 860, is su ed toMa tsu noet al .  dis closes  a multi -laye r  stent compris i ng an outer r e si n tu b e ha vin g at leastonef lapto p r ov ide an an chori ng me a ns, an inner fluori ne -based  resi n tube and amechanical r e inforcin g la y er positioned bet weenthe innera nd outer  tube s.
Still  anothers t ent cont ain ing  gr aft i sdescribed inU . S. P at . No. 5 ,38 9,106 i ssu edtoTow er  which di sclosesan  i mp er mea ble e x pandable  i ntr av asc ulars tent i nclud ingadi s pen sable f r am e andan  i mper mea bl e def orma b lemembran e interco nne c ting  p or tions o f the frame t oform an im pe rme able e x t erior wa ll. The membrane compri s es a sy nth eticnon- latex, no n-v inyl p oly m er whi le the  fram eisc o mpris e d  o f a  f ine platin u m  wi re. T he  mem brane i s attached to thef ram e by placingthe  fra m e  o n a ma n dre l, dip p i ng the frame an d the mand re l  i nto a poly m eran d organ ic solv ent s o lution,  withdraw ing the f ra me a n d  ma ndrel from  the sol ution, dr y ing t h eframe  an d mand re l,and r emovin g  th e man drel f ro m thepolym er -coatedframe.
Microporous expa nded p olyte tra fluoroeth yle n e ( "ePTFE")tube s may made  by  an y ofa n u mberof w e ll -kn o wn me thod s . Expande d  P TFE i sfrequentlyp r o duc ed by  ad m ixingpart iculate dry polyt e trafluoroethyl ener e sin  wi t h ali quid lubricant  to  f o r m a visc ou s slurry. T he mixtu re is po ured i nto amold, t y p ic a lly acyli ndr ical mold , a nd compres se dt o form  a c yl indric al bil l et.T h e billet is then  rame x trude d  th rough  a n extru s iondie into e ither tubul ar orshee t str uctures ,termed  ex tr udates int he art. T he ex trudate scons ist  of ex trud e d  PTFE -lub ri can t mixture c al l ed  " w etPTFE ." We tPTFE  has
 multi-layer_graft having_a helical reinforcement embedded_within the_wall_of the_graft._U.S. Pat. No._4,969,896, issued to_Shors describes an inner_elastomeric biocompatible tube_having_a plurality of rib members spaced about the exterior surface of the inner tube,_and_a perforate_flexible_biocompatible_wrap circumferentially disposed about, and_attached to, the rib members.
Another_example of_a graft having reinforcing stent-like members is disclosed_in_U.S. Pat. No._5,123,917, issued to Lee which describes an expandable intraluminal_vascular graft having an inner flexible_cylindrical tube, an_outer_flexible_cylindrical tube concentrically enclosing_the inner tube, and a plurality_of separate scaffold members positioned between_the inner and outer tubes. Further, U.S._Pat. No. 5,282,860, issued to Matsuno_et al. discloses a multi-layer_stent comprising_an outer resin tube having_at least one_flap to_provide an anchoring_means, an inner fluorine-based resin tube_and a mechanical_reinforcing layer positioned between the inner_and_outer tubes.
Still another_stent_containing_graft is_described in U.S._Pat._No. 5,389,106_issued_to Tower which discloses an impermeable_expandable_intravascular stent including a dispensable frame and_an impermeable deformable membrane_interconnecting_portions of the frame_to form an impermeable exterior_wall. The membrane comprises a synthetic_non-latex, non-vinyl_polymer while_the frame is comprised of a fine platinum wire. The membrane_is attached to the frame by_placing the frame on_a mandrel,_dipping_the frame and_the_mandrel into_a polymer and organic solvent solution, withdrawing_the frame_and mandrel from the solution, drying_the frame and mandrel,_and_removing the mandrel from the polymer-coated_frame.
Microporous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene ("ePTFE") tubes may_made by any of a_number_of_well-known methods. Expanded PTFE is_frequently produced by admixing particulate dry_polytetrafluoroethylene resin with_a liquid lubricant to form a viscous_slurry._The mixture is poured into a_mold,_typically a cylindrical mold, and compressed_to_form_a cylindrical billet. The billet_is then ram extruded through an_extrusion die into either tubular or sheet structures, termed_extrudates in the_art. The extrudates consist of_extruded_PTFE-lubricant_mixture called "wet PTFE." Wet PTFE has