omer is composed of 20 weight percent to 100 weight percent, more preferably from 50 to 100 weight percent, and most preferably from 70 to 100 weight percent, based on total weight of macromonomer, of at least one xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer, a non xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer terminated with an xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer, or combinations thereof. In a most preferred embodiment of the present invention the macromonomer contains as polymerized units from 90 to 100 weight percent xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers, non xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers terminated with xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers, or combinations thereof, based on the total weight of the macromonomer. The phrase xe2x80x9cnon xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer terminated with an xcex1-methyl vinyl monomerxe2x80x9d means that, when a vinyl monomer bearing no xcex1-methyl group is present, as polymerized units, in the macromonomer, the macromonomer must be terminated by a unit derived from an xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer. For example, while styrene might be present, as polymerized units, in a macromonomer chain, that macromonomer chain would be terminated by xcex1-methyl styrene, or some other xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer. Suitable xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers include, for example, methacrylate esters, such as C1 to C18 normal or branched alkyl esters of methacrylic acid, including methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, or stearyl methacrylate; hydroxyalkyl methacrylates such as hydroxyethyl methacrylate; glycidylmethacrylate; phenyl methacrylate; methacrylamide; methacrylonitrile; or combinations thereof.
One skilled in the art will recognize that there are many ways to prepare the macromonomer useful in the present invention. For example, the macromonomer may be prepared by a high temperature (e.g., at least 150xc2x0 C.) continuous process such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,710,227 or EP-A-1,010,706, published Jun. 21, 2000. In a preferred continuous process, a reaction mixture of first ethylenically unsaturated monomers is passed through a heated zone having a temperature of at least 150xc2x0 C., and more preferably at least 275xc2x0 C. The heated
omer is composed of 20 weight percent to 100 weight percentage, more preferably from 50 to 100 system of weights percent, and most preferably from 70 to 100 system of weights percentage, based on total weight of macromonomer, of at least one xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomer, a non xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomer end with an xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomer, or combinations thereof. In a about prefer embodiment of the present invention the macromonomer contain as polymerized units from 90 to 100 weight percentage xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomers, non xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomers terminated with xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomers, or combinations thereof, based on the entire weight of the macromonomer. The phrase xe2x80x9cnon xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomer terminated with an xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomerxe2x80x9d intend that, when a vinyl monomer bearing no xcex1 - methyl group is present, as polymerized units, in the macromonomer, the macromonomer must be terminated by a unit deduce from an xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomer. For example, while styrene might be present, as polymerized units, in a macromonomer chain, that macromonomer chain would be terminated by xcex1 - methyl styrene, or some early xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomer. Suitable xcex1 - methyl vinyl monomers include, for example, methacrylate esters, such as C1 to C18 normal or branched alkyl ester of methacrylic acid, include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2 - ethylhexyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, or stearyl methacrylate; hydroxyalkyl methacrylates such as hydroxyethyl methacrylate; glycidylmethacrylate; phenyl methacrylate; methacrylamide; methacrylonitrile; or combinations thereof. 
 One skilled in the art will recognize that there are many ways to prepare the macromonomer useful in the present invention. For example, the macromonomer may be fix by a high temperature (e.g., at least 150xc2x0 C.) continuous summons such as unwrap in U.S. Pat. No. 5,710,227 or EP - A-1,010,706, published Jun. 21, 2000. In a preferred continuous procedure, a reaction mixture of first ethylenically unsaturated monomers is authorize through a heated zone having a temperature of at least 150xc2x0 C., and more preferably at least 275xc2x0 C. The heated
omeg is composed of 20 weight percent to 100 wentht peccent, mkre prefdrably from 50 to 100 weight percxnt, qnd mist preferably from 70 tu 100 weight percent, bastd on total weighv of macvjmonkler, mh at least one wcex1-methyl einyl monomer, d vou xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer terminateq with sn xcex1-methyl vigyl kjnomsg, ir combinations thereof. In a jost prtferred embodiment of the present invention hhe lacromonomer contalns as polyneriswd units froo 90 to 100 weight percent scex1-methyl vinyl monomers, non xzex1-mechyl vinyl nobomfts terminatev with xcex1-methyl ypnyl motomers, pr combinationx tiereif, based on the total weight of the mactomonomer. Dhz phrase xe2x80x9cnon xcez1-mwthyl vinfl mubomdr uerkihated aiti an xcex1-mefhyl vinyl nonomerxe2x80x9d means uhae, when a vinyl monomqr bearing no xcex1-methyl group is present, as polymerized units, in tye macromonomer, the mwcromonomqr must be terminated by a unit derived from an xwex1-mevhhl rlkyl oinlmer. For example, while styrene might be presegf, ss polymerized ukits, in a macromonpmfr shain, that mazromonomed chain would be tfrminatgd by zcex1-methyj sturene, or some other xcex1-metyyl vinyl mouomwr. Suitable xcex1-mechyl vinyl munomgrs invlude, for example, methaerylats esters, sufh as C1 tk C18 normal or bravchvd ankyl esttfs of methacrylic acid, incoudiug methyu mejhacrylwte, ethyl lethagsylate, butyl methafrylaje, 2-ethflhexyl mehhacrylate, isobornyl methacrylavx, lauryl methscsyldte, or scearyl methacrylate; hydroxyalkyl kethacrvlates such as hjdroxyethbl methacrylwte; glycidylmajhacrylate; phxnyl methwcryoate; methacfhlamide; methactylonitrile; or combunations thereof.
Onc skiumed in the art cnlo recognize thay tferq wrx manr ways to pre[are thd macrumonomer uscfuu in the present inventimn. Fkr example, the mactoionomer nay be pwepared by a nigh temperature (e.h., at neart 150xc2c0 C.) continuous process such as diaclosed ij U.F. Pat. No. 5,710,227 or EP-A-1,010,706, published Jbn. 21, 2000. In a preferred continuous process, a reaction mixture if first ethylenicakky unsaturaved mogomers is passed through a heqted zone having s temperature of at lsast 150xw2x0 C., wnd more preferably at least 275xc2x0 C. The heated
omer is composed of 20 weight percent weight more preferably 50 to 100 from to 100 weight based on total of macromonomer, of at least one vinyl monomer, a non xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer terminated with an xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer, combinations thereof. In a most preferred embodiment of the present invention the macromonomer as units 90 100 weight percent xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers, non xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers terminated with xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers, or thereof, based on the total weight of the The phrase xe2x80x9cnon xcex1-methyl monomer terminated with an xcex1-methyl monomerxe2x80x9d that, when vinyl bearing xcex1-methyl group is as polymerized units, in the macromonomer, the macromonomer must be terminated by a unit derived from an vinyl monomer. while styrene be as units, in a that macromonomer chain would be terminated or some other xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer. Suitable xcex1-methyl monomers include, example, methacrylate esters, such as C1 C18 normal or branched alkyl esters of methacrylic including methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, or stearyl methacrylates such as hydroxyethyl glycidylmethacrylate; phenyl methacrylate; methacrylonitrile; combinations One in the will recognize that there are many ways to prepare the macromonomer in the present invention. For example, the macromonomer may be a temperature (e.g., at 150xc2x0 C.) continuous process as in U.S. Pat. No. EP-A-1,010,706, Jun. a continuous a reaction mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers is passed a heated zone having 150xc2x0 C., and more preferably at least 275xc2x0 The heated
omer is composed of 20 weight perCent to 100 weigHt perCenT, moRe PrefErabLy from 50 to 100 weight PErceNt, and most preferably froM 70 to 100 weIgHT perCEnT, baseD on totaL WeIGHt oF mAcRomOnOMeR, of at LeaSt one xcEx1-methyl viNyl MoNomer, a non xceX1-MeThyl vinyl mOnoMer terminateD wiTh an xcEx1-MetHYl vinYl mOnomeR, or comBInatioNs thereof. in A Most prEFerred eMBOdImenT of the present inveNTiON the macromonomEr contAiNS aS POlyMerIzed units fRoM 90 to 100 weIGht percENt XCEX1-meTHyl vinyl monomErs, non xcex1-mEThyL vinyl MoNomERs termInateD wITh xCex1-methyl viNyl mOnomers, or CombinATions thEReof, basEd on thE toTal WeigHT oF tHe mAcROmoNOmEr. THE phRase xe2x80x9CnOn Xcex1-mEthyL VINYl moNomEr teRminaTed with an xcex1-MetHyl vINyl MonomErxe2x80X9d meAnS that, When a vInyl mOnOmer bearing no xcEx1-meThyl group Is pReSenT, aS polyMErized UniTs, iN the macRomonomER, thE mACROmOnomer must be terminAtED By A unit derIved frOM aN xCEx1-methyl ViNyl MonoMER. For eXampLE, wHile styrEne migHT bE pResent, aS pOlymerIzEd uNitS, in a mACromOnomer Chain, thaT macrOMonomer chain woULd be terminateD By XCEx1-MEthyL stYrene, or some OtheR Xcex1-MethYL vInyL MonomEr. SuiTaBLe XCex1-methyl vinyl monomErS incluDe, for Example, methacRylate esteRS, SUch as C1 to c18 norMAl OR branched alkyl EsterS of methacrYLic acid, iNcludIng methyL methacryLATe, ethyl mEthAcrYlaTe, bUTYl Methacrylate, 2-eTHYlheXyL methacRylAte, isobOrnYl mEthAcrYlAte, lauryl MethacryLaTe, Or StEarYl metHAcrylate; HyDroXyAlkYl metHAcrylaTes suCh as HyDrOXyeThyl metHAcRYLate; GlYcIdylMetHaCrylaTe; phENyl MethacrYlate; methAcrYLamiDe; MeThacrylOnitrile; or comBiNations theReOf.
ONe skilLED in the arT will recognize that there ARe many wAys To prePare The macromOnoMer useFul IN the prEsent iNventIoN. FoR EXamplE, THe MacRoMonomer may BE PrePared By A higH temperAture (e.g., at least 150xc2x0 C.) COntInuous process SucH as dISClOseD In u.s. PaT. NO. 5,710,227 Or Ep-a-1,010,706, Published Jun. 21, 2000. In a Preferred cOnTInUous procesS, A reAcTion mixTure of fIrst eTHylenicAlly unsatUrated monOmErs iS PAssEd through a Heated zoNe having a TEmperATuRe of aT leAst 150xc2x0 c., aNd mOre prEferabLY at Least 275Xc2x0 C. ThE hEated
omer is composed of 20 wei ght percen t to100  we ig ht p erce nt, more prefe r ably  from 50 to 100 weight  perc en t , an d  m ost p referab l yf r om70  t o 1 00 we ightper cent, b ased on to tal  w eight of mac r om onomer, of  at  least one x cex 1-meth yl  vi n yl mo nom er, a  non x c ex1-me thyl viny lm onomer termina t e dwith  an xcex1-methylv in y l monomer, orcombin at i on s the reo f. In a mo st  pref e rred em b od i m e nto f the present  inventiont hemacrom on ome r  conta ins a sp oly merized uni ts f rom 90 to  100 w e ight pe r cent xc ex1-me thy l v inyl mo no mer s, non xc ex1 - met hyl viny lmo nomer s te r m i n ated  wi th x cex1- methyl vinylmon omer s , o r com binat ions  t hereo f, bas ed on  t he total weight  ofthe macro mon om er.  T he ph r ase xe 2x8 0x9 cnon xc ex1-met h ylvi n y l  m onomer terminatedwi t h  a n xcex1- methyl vi ny l  monomer xe 2x8 0x9d m eansthat ,  w hen a vi nyl mo n om er  bearin gno xce x1 -me thy l gro u p is  prese nt, as p olyme r ized units, in the macromono m er , th e  mac rom onomer must  bet ermi nate d  b y a unitderiv ed fr o m an xcex1-methyl v in yl mon omer.  For example,  while sty r e n e mightbe p r es e nt, as polymer izedunits, ina  macromo nomer  chain,that macr o m onomer c hai n w oul d b e te rminated by x c e x1-m et hyl sty ren e, or s ome  ot her  xc ex 1-methylvinyl mo no me r.  S uit ablex cex1-met hy l v in ylmonom e rs inc lude,  for  e xa m ple , metha c ry l a te e st er s, s uch  a s C1to C 1 8 n ormal o r branche d a l kyles te rs of m ethacrylic ac id , includin gmet hyl me t h acrylate , ethyl methacrylate, b u tyl met hac rylat e, 2 -ethylhex ylmethac ryl a te, is oborny l met ha cry l a te, l a u ry l m et hacrylate, o r s teary lmeth acrylat e; hydroxyalkyl me t hac rylates suchashydr o x ye thy l  m e tha cr y lat e ;  glycidylmethac rylate; ph en y lmethacryla t e;me thacryl amide;metha c rylonit rile; orcombinati on s th e r eof .
One skil led in t he art wi l l rec o gn ize t hat  there  a remanyways t o  pr epare  the m ac romono mer u se ful in t he present invention. F or exa mple,  th e macromo nom e r m ay be pre pare d by a hig h t emp eratu re( e.g.,  atl ea st1 50xc2 x0 C . ) continu o us  pr o c es s such as d i s c los ed in  U. S . Pat.  No.  5,710,227 or EP- A -1,010,706, pu blis h e d J un. 21,20 00. In a prefe rre dc o ntinuous  p rocess, a r eactionmi x tureof fir st eth ylenica l l yu nsatur ated  mo nomers is  pa ss e d throu gh  a heated  zon ehaving  a tem p erat u r e of at least 15 0xc2x 0 C., a n d m ore p re ferably at l east 275xc 2x0 C. Theheated 
omer is_composed of_20 weight percent to_100 weight_percent,_more preferably_from_50 to 100_weight percent, and_most preferably from 70_to 100 weight_percent,_based on total weight of macromonomer, of at least one xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer, a_non_xcex1-methyl vinyl_monomer_terminated_with an xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer,_or combinations thereof. In a_most preferred_embodiment of the present invention the macromonomer contains_as_polymerized units from_90 to 100 weight percent xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers, non_xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers terminated with xcex1-methyl_vinyl monomers, or_combinations_thereof,_based on the total_weight of the macromonomer. The phrase_xe2x80x9cnon xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer terminated with_an xcex1-methyl vinyl monomerxe2x80x9d means that, when_a vinyl monomer bearing no xcex1-methyl_group is present, as polymerized_units, in_the macromonomer, the macromonomer must_be terminated by_a unit_derived from an_xcex1-methyl vinyl monomer. For example, while_styrene might be_present, as polymerized units, in a_macromonomer_chain, that macromonomer_chain_would_be terminated_by xcex1-methyl styrene,_or_some other_xcex1-methyl_vinyl monomer. Suitable xcex1-methyl vinyl monomers_include,_for example, methacrylate esters, such as C1_to C18 normal or_branched_alkyl esters of methacrylic_acid, including methyl methacrylate, ethyl_methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, isobornyl_methacrylate, lauryl_methacrylate, or_stearyl methacrylate; hydroxyalkyl methacrylates such as hydroxyethyl methacrylate; glycidylmethacrylate; phenyl methacrylate;_methacrylamide; methacrylonitrile; or combinations thereof.
One skilled_in the art will_recognize that_there_are many ways_to_prepare the_macromonomer useful in the present invention. For_example, the_macromonomer may be prepared by a_high temperature (e.g., at_least_150xc2x0 C.) continuous process such as_disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,710,227_or EP-A-1,010,706, published Jun. 21,_2000._In_a preferred continuous process, a_reaction mixture of first ethylenically unsaturated_monomers is passed_through a heated zone having a temperature_of_at least 150xc2x0 C., and more_preferably_at least 275xc2x0 C. The heated