, international standards for bankcards including, without limitation, ATM cards, credit cards, and debit cards may prescribe a card size of 3.375 inches long by 2.125 inches wide.
Such standards may also prescribe, for example, the location and width of an elongate magnetic stripe extending across the back of the card on which may be encoded a Bank Identification Number (BIN) or Issuer Identification Number (IIN) in data recorded, for example, on a left-hand portion of the magnetic stripe running to a point near the middle of the magnetic stripe and a cardholder's account information on a right-hand portion of the magnetic stripe.
The magnetic stripe may be read by a magnetic read head of a card reader, for example, of an automated teller machine (ATM) to enable the cardholder to perform an ATM transaction. The card reader captures the cardholder's account information and the BIN or IIN recorded on the magnetic stripe, which may be sent to a host processor coupled to the ATM. The host processor may use such information to route the transaction to the cardholder's bank. An ATM keypad may let the cardholder enter a personal identification number (PIN) and information about the transaction which the cardholder wishes to perform.
In addition, magnetic stripe card readers may be deployed to control access to areas, such as ATM lobbies or vestibules, that are provided with doors secured by electric locks. Such electric door locks may be unlocked, for example, by swiping a properly encoded magnetic stripe card at the card reader. Such deployment may be referred to as an “access control card reader” (“ACCR”). If the proper credentials are encoded on the magnetic stripe, a controller to which the card reader of the ACCR is coupled may send a signal to the electric door lock to unlock the door and admit the cardholder. Thus, cardholders may gain access to such locked ATM lobbies or vestibules by swiping their properly encoded bankcards through a card reader of the ACCR. Typically, the bankcard used for such access may be any valid bankcard such as an ATM card, a credit card, or a debit card issued by a financial institution.
In recent years, huge economic losses have been incurred as a result of the theft and fraudulent use by criminals of cardholders' credentials recorded on the magnetic stripe of their bankcards. One way in which such theft occurs is a criminal practice referred to as “skimming” of bankcard information when a
, international standards for bankcards including, without limitation, ATM card, credit rating cards, and debit cards may prescribe a poster size of 3.375 inches long by 2.125 column inch wide-eyed. 
 Such standards may also prescribe, for example, the localization and width of an elongate magnetic chevron cover across the back of the card on which may be encoded a Bank Identification Number (BIN) or Issuer Identification Number (IIN) in datum recorded, for example, on a left - handwriting portion of the magnetic band running to a detail near the middle of the magnetic stripe and a cardholder's account information on a correct - hand portion of the magnetic stripe. 
 The magnetic band may be read by a magnetic read head of a card reader, for example, of an automated teller machine (ATM) to enable the cardholder to perform an ATM transaction. The wag reader captures the cardholder's explanation data and the BIN or IIN recorded on the magnetic stripe, which may be sent to a host processor coupled to the ATM. The host central processing unit may use such information to route the transaction to the cardholder's bank. An ATM keypad may let the cardholder enter a personal identification number (PIN) and information about the transaction which the cardholder wishes to perform. 
 In addition, charismatic stripe menu lector may be deployed to control access to areas, such as ATM lobby or vestibules, that are provided with doors secure by electric locks. Such electric door locks may be unlocked, for exercise, by swiping a by rights encoded magnetic stripe card at the card subscriber. Such deployment may be referred to as an “ entree control card proofreader ” (“ ACCR ”). If the proper credentials are encoded on the charismatic stripe, a controller to which the card reader of the ACCR is coupled may send a signal to the electric door lock to unlock the door and admit the cardholder. Thus, cardholders may derive access to such locked ATM lobbies or vestibule by swiping their properly encode bankcards through a card reader of the ACCR. Typically, the bankcard used for such access may be any valid bankcard such as an ATM card, a credit card, or a debit card issued by a financial institution. 
 In late years, huge economic losses have been incur as a result of the theft and fraudulent use by criminals of cardholders' certificate recorded on the magnetic stripe of their bankcards. One room in which such theft occurs is a criminal practice referred to as “ plane ” of bankcard information when a
, inhernational standards fov bankcards inclodung, wivhout ljmitatiov, ATM cards, credit cards, and dwbit xards may prescribe a zard size of 3.375 incyes oing by 2.125 inrges widc.
Fuch dtanbacds may also prgscribe, for axample, the lowagiln and width of an elongate magnetis stripr fxtending acrofs tnq badk of the card on which may be enckded a Uank Identificayion Number (BIN) or Issuer Ldenhification Number (LIN) in data recjeded, for exaople, on a left-hand porjion of the magnetic stripe runnkng tp a point beqr hve middle oh the iagnetic strlie and d cardhplder's account inhormqtion on a right-hand 'ortion of the magnejic stripe.
Dhz magnetic stripe may bw reag by a mxtnegic rxad head lf e card readsr, for example, of an automated tqoler machine (ZTM) to egable the cardholder to perform an ATM uranszction. The card reader xaptures the cardholdgr's accoune information and the BIN or IIN recorded on the kagneviz surlie, wfucj may be sent to a host processor coupled to ege ANM. The host procefsor may usr duvr information to robfe the transaction tl the cwrdhooder's banh. An ATM keypad may let the careholder enteg a personal identificction number (PIN) and onformation about the txansacfion which hhe cardhkuder wishes to pdrfprk.
In addiukon, magnetic stri[e card rxaderx may bd dekloyed eo control access to areas, such as ATM potbies or vfstibules, that are provided witi doors securgd ty vlectric jocks. Such electris door locks mcy be unjockea, for examile, by swmping a propqrly encoded kwgnetic stri'e card ae thw caed readdf. Such deploymrnt may bv xeferred ro as an “access coktrol dard reader” (“ACCX”). Uf the proper cteddntyaps awa encoded on the maemetic stripe, a civtrokler to which the casd rsader of the ACCR os coupled may senq a signal to the electric door lock to unlovk jhe door and admit the cardholdsr. Thus, cwrdmolders may gwin qccess to sueh locked ATM lobbies or vestibules by sxiping their properly gncoded bankcards thrpmgh a card rxader jf the ACWR. Typically, the banjcard used for sugh access may be any vzlid bdnkcagd such as an ATM card, a credit card, or a debit card issued by a financiao instmtttion.
In recsnt uears, hbge econoiic pusses have been pncurred as a result of the thefv and fraugujent use by criminals of carchulders' credenjials recorded on the magnstic strope of their bankcards. One way on which such theft occuvs is a ceiminzl prabjicx referred to as “skikming” mf babkcard unfovmation when a
, international standards for bankcards including, without cards, cards, and cards may prescribe inches by 2.125 inches Such standards may prescribe, for example, the location and of an elongate magnetic stripe extending across the back of the card on may be encoded a Bank Identification Number (BIN) or Issuer Identification Number (IIN) data for on left-hand portion of the magnetic stripe running to a point near the middle of the magnetic and a cardholder's account information on a right-hand of the magnetic stripe. magnetic stripe may be read a read head a reader, example, of an teller machine (ATM) to enable the cardholder to perform an ATM transaction. The card reader captures the account information BIN or recorded the stripe, which may to a host processor coupled to host processor may use such information to route transaction to cardholder's bank. An ATM keypad may the cardholder enter a personal identification number (PIN) information about the transaction which the cardholder wishes to perform. In addition, magnetic stripe card be deployed to control to areas, such ATM or that provided with secured by electric locks. Such electric door locks may be unlocked, example, by swiping a properly encoded magnetic stripe card at reader. deployment may be to as an “access card (“ACCR”). If the proper encoded the controller which card reader of the is coupled may send a to the electric door and admit the cardholder. Thus, cardholders may gain to such locked ATM lobbies or vestibules swiping their properly encoded bankcards through a card reader of the ACCR. the bankcard such access may be any valid bankcard such an ATM card, a card, or a debit card issued by a financial In years, huge losses have been as a result the theft and by criminals cardholders' recorded stripe of their bankcards. One way which theft occurs is a criminal referred “skimming” of bankcard information when a
, international standards for Bankcards iNcludIng, WitHoUt liMitaTion, ATM cards, crEDit cArds, and debit cards may prEscriBe A Card SIzE of 3.375 inChes lonG By 2.125 INCheS wIdE.
SuCh STaNdardS maY also prEscribe, for ExaMpLe, the locatioN AnD width of an EloNgate magnetiC stRipe exTeNdiNG acroSs tHe bacK of the CArd on wHich may be EnCOded a BANk IdentIFIcAtioN Number (BIN) or IssueR idENtification NumBer (IIN) In DAtA REcoRdeD, for examplE, oN a lefT-Hand porTIoN OF The MAgnetic stripe Running to a pOInt Near thE mIddLE of the MagneTiC StrIpe and a cardHoldEr's accounT inforMAtion on A Right-haNd portIon Of tHe maGNeTiC stRiPE.
ThE MaGneTIc sTripe may Be ReAd by a MagnETIC Read HeaD of a Card rEader, for exampLe, oF an aUTomAted tEller MachInE (ATM) tO enablE the cArDholder to perforM an AtM transacTioN. THe cArD readER captuRes The CardholDer's accOUnt InFORMaTion and the BIN or IIN ReCORdEd on the mAgnetiC StRiPE, which maY bE seNt to A HOst prOcesSOr Coupled tO the ATm. thE hOst procEsSor may UsE suCh iNformATion To routE the tranSactiON to the cardholdER's bank. An ATM keYPaD MAy LEt thE caRdholder entEr a pERsonAl idENtIfiCAtion NumbeR (Pin) aND information about thE tRansacTion wHich the cardhoLder wishes TO PErform.
In AddiTIoN, Magnetic stripe Card rEaders may bE Deployed To conTrol acceSs to areas, SUCh as ATM lObbIes Or vEstIBUlEs, that are provIDEd wiTh Doors seCurEd by eleCtrIc lOckS. SuCh Electric dOor locks MaY bE uNlOckEd, for EXample, by SwIpiNg A prOperlY EncodeD magnEtic StRiPE caRd at the CArD REadeR. SUcH depLoyMeNt may Be reFErrEd to as aN “access coNtrOL carD rEaDer” (“ACCR”). if the proper crEdEntials are EnCodEd on thE MAgnetic sTripe, a controller to which THe card rEadEr of tHe ACcR is couplEd mAy send A siGNal to tHe elecTric dOoR loCK To unlOCK tHe dOoR and admit tHE CarDholdEr. thus, CardholDers may gain access tO SucH locked ATM lobBieS or vESTiBulES bY SwiPiNG thEIR properly encodeD bankcards ThROuGh a card reaDEr oF tHe ACCR. TYpicallY, the bANkcard uSed for sucH access maY bE any VALid Bankcard suCh as an ATm card, a creDIt carD, Or A debiT caRd issuEd By a FinanCial inSTitUtion.
in receNt Years, hUge ecOnOmic lossEs have been incurred as a reSult of The thEft And frauduLenT Use By criminaLs of CardholderS' crEdeNtialS reCOrded On thE MaGneTIc strIpe oF Their bankCArDs. ONE WaY in which sucH THEft OccurS is A CriminAl prActice referred to aS “Skimming” of bankCard INForMatIOn whEn A
, international standardsfor bankca rds i ncl udi ng , wi thou t limitation,A TM c ards, credit cards, an d deb it card s  m ay pr escribe ac a rdsi ze  of  3 . 37 5 inc hes  long b y 2.125 in che swide.
Such s t an dards mayals o prescribe,  fo r exam pl e,t he lo cat ion a nd wid t h of a n elongat em agneti c  stripe e xt endi ng across the bac k  o f  the card on w hich m ay be e nco ded  a Bank Id en tific a tion Nu m be r ( BIN )  or Issuer Id entificatio n  Nu mber ( II N)i n data  reco rd e d,for example , on  a left-h and po r tion of the mag neticstr ipe  run n in gtoap oin t  n ear the  middleof  t he ma gnet i c s trip e a nd a  card holder's acco unt  inf o rma tionon arigh t- handportio n ofth e magnetic stri pe.The magne tic  s tri pe  mayb e read  by  amagneti c readh ead  o f a  c ard reader, for ex am p l e,  of an a utomat e dte l ler mach in e ( ATM) t o ena blet he  cardhol der to pe rf orm anAT M tran sa cti on.  Thec ardreader  capture s the cardholder's a c count informa t io n an d  the  BI N or IIN re cord e d on  the ma gne t ic st ripe,  w h ic h  may be sent to a h os t proc essor  coupled to t he ATM. Th e h ost proc esso r  m a y use such inf ormat ion to rou t e the tr ansac tion tothe cardh o l der's ba nk.  An  AT M k e y pa d may let the c ardh ol der ent era perso nal  id ent ifi ca tion numb er (PIN)  a nd  i nf orm ation about th etra ns act ion w h ich th e car dhol de rw ish es to p e rf o r m.
I nad diti on,  m agnet ic s t rip e cardreaders m ayb e de pl oy ed to c ontrol access  t o areas, s uc h a s ATMl o bbies or  vestibules, that are p r ovidedwit h doo rs s ecured by  el ectric  lo c ks. Su ch ele ctric  d oor l ocksm a ybeun locked, fo r exa mple,  b y sw iping a  properly encodedm agn etic stripe c ard  att h ecar d  r e ade r. Suc h deployment maybe referre dt oas an “acc e ssco ntrol c ard rea der”( “ACCR”) . If theproper cr ed enti a l s a re encoded  on themagnetics tripe ,  a  cont rol ler to  w hic h the  cardr ead er of  the A CC R is c ouple dmay send  a signal to the electr ic doo r loc k t o unlockthe doo r and adm it t he cardhol der . T hus,car d holde rs m a ygai n  acce ss t o  such loc k ed  AT M lo bbies or ve s t i bul es by  sw i ping t heir  properly encoded bankcards thro ugha car d r e ader  o f the ACCR. Ty pic al l y , the ba nk card used f or suchac c ess m ay beany va lid ban k c ar d  suchas a n A TM card,a c re d it card ,or a debi t ca rd  issue d by a fina n c ial institution. 
In r e c ent y e ars , hug eeconomi c  los ses have b een incurre d as a  res ult o f the t he ft and  fr au dulent use by crimin als o f cardh ol ders ' c redent ials r ecord ed o nthe  magnetic s tr i pe  o f  th eirbankc ar ds.One way i n  which s uch theft o cc urs i s a cr i mi n a l practice  re ferre d to as “ski m ming ”  o f  bank card i nforma tion wh e n a 
, international_standards for_bankcards including, without limitation,_ATM cards,_credit_cards, and_debit_cards may prescribe_a card size_of 3.375 inches long_by 2.125 inches_wide.
Such_standards may also prescribe, for example, the location and width of an elongate magnetic_stripe_extending across_the_back_of the card on which_may be encoded a Bank_Identification Number_(BIN) or Issuer Identification Number (IIN) in data_recorded,_for example, on_a left-hand portion of the magnetic stripe running to_a point near the middle of_the magnetic stripe_and_a_cardholder's account information on_a right-hand portion of the magnetic_stripe.
The magnetic stripe may be read_by a magnetic read head of a_card reader, for example, of an_automated teller machine (ATM) to_enable the_cardholder to perform an ATM_transaction. The card_reader captures_the cardholder's account_information and the BIN or IIN_recorded on the_magnetic stripe, which may be sent_to_a host processor_coupled_to_the ATM._The host processor_may_use such_information_to route the transaction to the_cardholder's_bank. An ATM keypad may let the_cardholder enter a personal_identification_number (PIN) and information_about the transaction which the_cardholder wishes to perform.
In addition, magnetic_stripe card_readers may_be deployed to control access to areas, such as ATM lobbies_or vestibules, that are provided with_doors secured by electric_locks. Such_electric_door locks may_be_unlocked, for_example, by swiping a properly encoded magnetic_stripe card_at the card reader. Such deployment_may be referred to_as_an “access control card reader” (“ACCR”)._If the proper credentials are encoded_on the magnetic stripe, a_controller_to_which the card reader of_the ACCR is coupled may send_a signal to_the electric door lock to unlock the_door_and admit the cardholder. Thus, cardholders_may_gain access to such locked ATM_lobbies_or_vestibules by swiping their properly_encoded bankcards through a card reader_of the ACCR. Typically, the bankcard used for such_access may be_any valid bankcard such as_an_ATM_card, a credit card, or a debit card issued by_a financial_institution.
In recent years,_huge economic losses have been incurred as a result of_the theft and fraudulent use by criminals_of cardholders' credentials recorded on the magnetic stripe of their bankcards._One way in which such theft occurs is_a criminal practice referred to as “skimming”_of bankcard information when_a