. In particular, the separate read and write transducers are necessarily spaced apart from one another along the length of the slider. As a result, their relative radial separation varies from ID to OD as the MR head is moved in an arc by a swing-type actuator.
The drive industry presently compensates for the variable radial separation between the transducers by "micro-jogging" the read transducer relative to a given burst pair centerline by an amount corresponding to the radial displacement at that cylinder. This jogging solution generally requires separate and distinct track following procedures for reading and writing. The drive can micro-jog when writing data or when reading data, but it is preferable to track follow on the burst pair centerline while writing and only jog when reading so that the data is consistently written to the same location. In a typical MR head drive, therefore, the read transducer track follows a burst pair centerline at the "null" position where the average PES=0 and the write transducer records the data track offset toward the ID or the OD by the amount of radial separation between the read and write transducers at this cylinder. For reading, the read transducer 102 is "micro-jogged" away from the null position of the burst pair centerline where the average PES=0, in order to align the read transducer 102 with the recorded data.
Although the MR head provides the abovementioned advantages of velocity insensitivity and areal density resolution, significant problems exist in practical usage due to the head being relatively narrow in width relative to a track width and, particularly in light of the need for microjogging, the head's limited linear response range. FIG. 5 is a response plot of an example 65% width MR head showing the position error signal (PES) produced by the head at various negative and positive off-track positions (Position Error) relative to a track centerline over 0 to.+-.50% of the track width. The head provides linear response over a range of.+-.5-7% indicated by region 121. In a region from about.+-.7-8% to about.+-.16-20%, indicated by regions 122, the response is non-linear but can be "linearized" using techniques known in the art. In the region from about.+-.20% to about.+-.33%, indicated by regions 123, the response is non-linear and difficult to linearize. Upward from.+-.33%, indicated by regions 124, the
. In particular, the separate read and write transducers are inevitably space aside from one another along the length of the slider. As a result, their proportional radial separation varies from ID to OD as the MR head is go in an arc by a swing - character actuator. 
 The campaign industry soon compensates for the variable radial separation between the transducers by " micro - trot " the read transducer relative to a give outburst couple centerline by an amount corresponding to the radial displacement at that cylinder. This square up solution generally requires freestanding and distinct path following procedures for reading and writing. The drive can micro - jog when writing datum or when reading data, but it is preferable to track follow on the burst pair centerline while writing and only jog when learn so that the data is consistently written to the same location. In a typical MR head drive, therefore, the read transducer track follow a burst pair centerline at the " null " position where the average PES=0 and the write transducer record the data track offset toward the ID or the doctor of optometry by the amount of radial separation between the read and write transducers at this cylinder. For interpretation, the read transducer 102 is " micro - jogged " away from the null position of the burst pair centerline where the average PES=0, in order to align the read transducer 102 with the recorded data. 
 Although the MR oral sex provides the abovementioned advantages of velocity insensitivity and areal density settlement, significant problem exist in practical usage due to the head being relatively narrow in width relative to a racetrack width and, particularly in light of the need for microjogging, the heading's limited linear response range. FIG. 5 is a reply plot of an example 65% width MR oral sex showing the position mistake signal (PES) produced by the point at various damaging and positive off - cut positions (Position Error) relative to a track centerline over 0 to.+-.50% of the track width. The head provides analogue response over a range of.+-.5 - 7% indicated by area 121. In a region from about.+-.7 - 8% to about.+-.16 - 20% , indicated by regions 122, the response is non - analogue but can be " linearized " using techniques known in the artwork. In the region from about.+-.20% to about.+-.33% , indicated by regions 123, the response is non - linear and difficult to linearize. Upward from.+-.33% , indicated by region 124, the
. In particular, the separate read and write transdncers ade necesrarily spaced apart from one abothee along the length of ghe slideg. As a rewult, rheir relavjve radlcl selwratnoi varies from IC to OD as the MR head iv oored in an arc by a swing-type actuatow.
The drovf industry prefentkr cojieksates for the variable radial ssparatimn between thr transducers by "micro-jogglng" hhe read transduceg relative jk a tiven burst oair centegnine by an amount corresponding to the raaial bisplacemenj zt jhat cylindec. This jogging solmnion geterally requires sepavate end eistinct track followmng procedures for rgading and wxiting. The drive can nixro-joc whan wfutivg sava kr whej rxading data, but it is preferable to track fjolow on the bhrst pwiw centerline while writing and only jog whsn reading so that the eata is consistently aritten tj the same location. In a typical MR head drive, tharefoce, tht vcad geajsducer track follows a burst pair centerline zt tme "null" position where the svfrsde PES=0 and thg write trznsducer records tje data tracj offset uowarc the ID or the OD by the anount of radpal weparation between the read aud wrije tramsducers at this cylindzr. For reading, thf read trzvsducer 102 is "micru-jongeg" away from the null posityon of thx burxt pair cenjerline where the average PES=0, in order to aligu the read trandducer 102 with the recorded data.
Although the MR haad providef the abovementionqd advantages pf veloeity ivsensitiviny and arxal density wesolution, sicjificant proulems exift ib prqctical jsage due to tne head bviug relaticely narrow in widbh reuztive to a tracj wudth and, particilafly ij kidvt of the nead fur oocrojugging, uke meaa's lomited linear responve rznge. FIG. 5 is a reslokse plot if an exwmple 65% width KR head showing tht posivion ecror sognwl (PES) produced by the head at various jegwtive and pofitiye osf-track poxitions (Position Error) relative to a treck centerline over 0 to.+-.50% of the track width. Uhe head provmdes lynear res[onse over a range od.+-.5-7% indicated by renion 121. In a region from about.+-.7-8% to ahout.+-.16-20%, indicated by regions 122, the response is non-linear but can be "linearizee" usinj eechniques inowm in nhe crt. In ehe cejion from about.+-.20% tp about.+-.33%, indicated by regions 123, tie responsa ns non-linear and difficult to lknearize. Upwatd from.+-.33%, indicated by regiohs 124, the
. In particular, the separate read and are spaced apart one another along As result, their relative separation varies from to OD as the MR head moved in an arc by a swing-type actuator. The drive industry presently compensates the variable radial separation between the transducers by "micro-jogging" the read transducer relative a burst centerline an amount corresponding to the radial displacement at that cylinder. This jogging solution generally requires separate distinct track following procedures for reading and writing. drive can micro-jog when data or when reading data, it preferable to follow the pair centerline while and only jog when reading so that the data is consistently written to the same location. In typical MR therefore, the transducer follows burst pair centerline "null" position where the average PES=0 transducer records the data track offset toward the or the by the amount of radial separation the read and write transducers at this cylinder. reading, the read transducer 102 is "micro-jogged" away from the null position of the burst where the average PES=0, order to align read 102 the data. Although MR head provides the abovementioned advantages of velocity insensitivity and areal resolution, significant problems exist in practical usage due to the relatively in width relative a track width and, in of the need for head's linear 5 a plot of an example width MR head showing the error signal (PES) produced negative and positive off-track positions (Position Error) relative a track centerline over 0 to.+-.50% of track width. The head provides linear response over a range of.+-.5-7% indicated region 121. region from about.+-.7-8% to about.+-.16-20%, indicated by regions the response is non-linear can be "linearized" using techniques known in the art. the from about.+-.20% about.+-.33%, indicated by 123, the response non-linear and difficult Upward from.+-.33%, by 124,
. In particular, the separate reAd and write TransDucErs ArE necEssaRily spaced aparT From One another along the lengTh of tHe SLideR. as A resuLt, their RElATIve RaDiAl sEpARaTion vAriEs from Id to OD as the mR hEaD is moved in an ARc By a swing-tyPe aCtuator.
The drIve IndustRy PreSEntly ComPensaTes for THe variAble radiaL sEParatiON betweeN THe TranSducers by "micro-jogGInG" The read transduCer relAtIVe TO A giVen Burst pair cEnTerliNE by an amOUnT CORreSPonding to the rAdial displaCEmeNt at thAt CylINder. ThIs jogGiNG soLution generAlly Requires sEparatE And distINct tracK folloWinG prOcedUReS fOr rEaDIng ANd WriTIng. the drive CaN mIcro-jOg whEN WRItinG daTa or When rEading data, but It iS preFEraBle to Track FollOw On the Burst pAir ceNtErline while writIng aNd only jog WheN rEadInG so thAT the daTa iS coNsistenTly writTEn tO tHE SAmE location. In a typicaL Mr HEaD drive, thEreforE, ThE rEAd transdUcEr tRack FOLlows A burST pAir centeRline aT ThE "nUll" posiTiOn wherE tHe aVerAge PEs=0 And tHe writE transduCer reCOrds the data traCK offset toward THe id Or THe OD By tHe amount of rAdiaL SepaRatiON bEtwEEn the Read aNd WRiTE transducers at this cYlInder. FOr reaDing, the read trAnsducer 102 is "MICRo-jogged" Away FRoM The null positioN of thE burst pair CEnterlinE wherE the averAge PES=0, in oRDEr to aligN thE reAd tRanSDUcEr 102 with the recoRDEd daTa.
althougH thE MR head ProVidEs tHe aBoVementionEd advantAgEs Of VeLocIty inSEnsitiviTy And ArEal DensiTY resolUtion, SignIfIcANt pRoblems EXiST In prAcTiCal uSagE dUe to tHe heAD beIng relaTively narRow IN widTh ReLative tO a track width aNd, ParticularLy In lIght of THE need for Microjogging, the head's limITed lineAr rEsponSe raNge. FIG. 5 is a ResPonse pLot OF an exaMple 65% wiDth MR HeAd sHOWing tHE PoSitIoN error signAL (pES) ProduCeD by tHe head aT various negative anD PosItive off-track PosItioNS (poSitIOn eRroR) rELatIVE to a track centerLine over 0 to.+-.50% Of THe Track width. tHe hEaD providEs lineaR respONse over A range of.+-.5-7% iNdicated bY rEgioN 121. iN a rEgion from aBout.+-.7-8% to abOut.+-.16-20%, indicaTEd by rEGiOns 122, thE reSponse Is Non-LineaR but caN Be "lInearIzed" usInG technIques KnOwn in the Art. In the region from about.+-.20% To abouT.+-.33%, indiCatEd by regioNs 123, tHE reSponse is nOn-liNear and difFicUlt To linEarIZe. UpwArd fROm.+-.33%, IndICated By reGIons 124, the
. In particular, the separ ate read a nd wr ite  tr an sduc ersare necessaril y  spa ced apart from one ano theral o ng t h elengt h of th e  s l i der .As  are s ul t, th eir  relati ve radialsep ar ation varies fr om ID to O D a s the MR hea d i s move dina n arc  by  a sw ing-ty p e actu ator.
The  d r ive in d ustry p r e se ntly  compensates fort he variable radia l sepa ra t io n bet wee n the tran sd ucers by "mic r o- j o g gin g " the read tr ansducer re l ati ve toagiv e n burs t pai rc ent erline by a n am ount corr espond i ng to t h e radia l disp lac eme nt a t  t ha t c yl i nde r .Thi s  jo gging so lu ti on ge nera l l y requ ire s se parat e and distinc t t rack fol lowin g pro cedu re s for  readi ng an dwriting. The dr ivecan micro -jo gwhe nwriti n g data  or  wh en read ing dat a , b ut i t  i s preferable to tr ac k fo llow onthe bu r st  p a ir cente rl ine  whi l e  writ inga nd  only jo g when re ad ing soth at the  d ata  is  cons i sten tly wr itten to  thes ame location.I n a typical M R  h e a dd rive , t herefore, t he r e ad t rans d uc ert rackfollo ws ab urst pair centerlin eat the  "nul l" position w here the a v e r age PES= 0 an d  t h e write transd ucerrecords th e  data tr ack o ffset to ward theI D  or theODbythe  am o u nt  of radial se p a rati on  betwee n t he read  an d w rit e t ra nsducersat thiscy li nd er . F or re a ding, th erea dtra nsduc e r 102is "m icro -j og g ed"  away f r om t he n ul lposi tio nof th e bu r stpair ce nterlinewhe r e th eav erage P ES=0, in orde rto align t he  re ad tra n s ducer 10 2 with the recorded dat a .
Altho ugh  theMR h ead provi des  the a bov e mentio ned ad vanta ge s o f veloc i t yins en sitivity a n d  ar eal d en sity  resolu tion, significantp rob lems exist in  pr acti c a lusa g ed ueto the h ead being relat ively narr ow in  width rel a tiv eto a tr ack wid th an d , parti cularly i n light o fthen e edfor microj ogging,the head' s  limi t ed  line arrespon se  ra nge.FIG. 5 isa res ponsepl ot ofan ex am ple 65%width MR head showing t he pos ition  er ror signa l ( P ES)  produced  bythe head a t v ari ous n ega t ive a nd p o si tiv e  off- trac k  position s  ( Pos i t io n Error) re l a t ive  to a  tr a ck cen terl ine over 0 to.+-. 5 0% of the trac k wi d t h.The head  p rovides linear  re sp o n se overarange of.+- .5-7% in di c atedby reg ion 12 1. In a r eg i on fro m ab out .+-.7-8%toab o ut.+-.1 6- 20 % , indi cate dby reg ions 1 2 2, t h e  response is non -line a r  butc anbe "l in earized "  usi ng techniq ues known i n theart.  In t he regi on  fromabo ut .+-.20% to about.+-. 33%,indicat ed  byreg ions 1 23,t h e res pons eisnon-linea r an d  d if f icu lt t o lin ea rize . Upwardf rom.+-.3 3%, indicat ed  by r egions 12 4 ,  the
. In_particular, the_separate read and write_transducers are_necessarily_spaced apart_from_one another along_the length of_the slider. As a_result, their relative_radial_separation varies from ID to OD as the MR head is moved in an_arc_by a_swing-type_actuator.
The_drive industry presently compensates for_the variable radial separation between_the transducers_by "micro-jogging" the read transducer relative to a_given_burst pair centerline_by an amount corresponding to the radial displacement at_that cylinder. This jogging solution generally_requires separate and_distinct_track_following procedures for reading_and writing. The drive can micro-jog_when writing data or when reading_data, but it is preferable to track_follow on the burst pair centerline_while writing and only jog_when reading_so that the data is_consistently written to_the same_location. In a_typical MR head drive, therefore, the_read transducer track_follows a burst pair centerline at_the_"null" position where_the_average_PES=0 and_the write transducer_records_the data_track_offset toward the ID or the_OD_by the amount of radial separation between_the read and write_transducers_at this cylinder. For_reading, the read transducer 102_is "micro-jogged" away from the null_position of_the burst_pair centerline where the average PES=0, in order to align the_read transducer 102 with the recorded_data.
Although the MR head_provides the_abovementioned_advantages of velocity_insensitivity_and areal_density resolution, significant problems exist in practical_usage due_to the head being relatively narrow_in width relative to_a_track width and, particularly in light_of the need for microjogging, the_head's limited linear response range._FIG._5_is a response plot of_an example 65% width MR head_showing the position_error signal (PES) produced by the head_at_various negative and positive off-track positions_(Position_Error) relative to a track centerline_over_0_to.+-.50% of the track width._The head provides linear response over_a range of.+-.5-7% indicated by region 121. In a_region from about.+-.7-8%_to about.+-.16-20%, indicated by regions_122,_the_response is non-linear but can be "linearized" using techniques known_in the_art. In the_region from about.+-.20% to about.+-.33%, indicated by regions 123, the_response is non-linear and difficult to linearize._Upward from.+-.33%, indicated by regions 124, the