.
2. Description of the Related Art
Most current positioning techniques utilize signals from global positioning system (GPS) satellites or wireless local area networks (LAN) to calculate positions. GPS signals may be interrupted when the signal source is obstructed by buildings or forest. The accuracy of wireless-LAN-based positioning is easily affected by space factors, such as crowds.
Traditional inertial positioning measures the acceleration of an object to calculate the displacement thereof, and is thus not affected by the environment. Accelerators are more expensive as they offer improved accuracy in acceleration detection. Table 1 shows the exemplary accuracy and prices of accelerators.
TABLE 1PriceTime intervalHigh(~$750,000)Mid(~$100,000)Low(~$10,000)Distance1 hour0.3 km~0.5 km  1 km~3 km200 km~300 kmerror1 minute0.3 m~0.5 m0.5 m~3 m 30 m~50 m1 second0.01 m~0.02 m0.03 m~0.1 m0.3 m~0.5 m
Traditional inertial positioning suffers from the accumulated errors caused by sensor noise or numerical calculation. As measured acceleration is integrated twice for displacement calculation, displacement errors increase progressively with time.
Traditional inertial positioning immune to environmental factors is typically implemented in aircrafts, vehicles, and similar machines due to regular and smooth variation in their velocities, but may not work with objects moving in complex ways, such as animals and humans. Additive color reproduction may be produced by exposing a photosensitive silver halide emulsion through an additive color screen having filter media screen elements each an individual additive color such as red, green or blue and by viewing the reversed deposit of silver image formed by transfer to a transparent receiving element through the same or similar screen which is suitably registered with the reverse positive image carried by the receiving layer. As examples of suitable film structures for employment in additive color photography mention may be made of U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,861,885; 2,726,154; 2,944,894; 3,536,488; 3,615,427; 3,615,428; 3,615,429; 3,615,426; 3,894,871; and 3,364,482. Co-pending applications Ser. Nos. 697,104, filed June 17, 1976 and 649,201, filed Jan. 14,
. 
 2. Description of the Related Art 
 Most current positioning techniques utilize signal from ball-shaped positioning system (GPS) satellite or wireless local sphere networks (LAN) to calculate positions. GPS signal may be interrupted when the signal source is obstruct by buildings or forest. The accuracy of wireless - LAN - free-base positioning is easily feign by space divisor, such as crowds. 
 Traditional inertial positioning measure the acceleration of an object to calculate the displacement thence, and is thus not affected by the environment. accelerator are more expensive as they offer better accuracy in acceleration detection. Table 1 shows the exemplary accuracy and prices of catalyst. 
 TABLE 1PriceTime intervalHigh(~$750,000)Mid(~$100,000)Low(~$10,000)Distance1 hour0.3 km~0.5 km    1 km~3 km200 km~300 kmerror1 minute0.3 m~0.5 m0.5 m~3 m   30 m~50 m1 second0.01 m~0.02 m0.03 m~0.1 m0.3 m~0.5 m 
 Traditional inertial positioning suffers from the accumulated errors caused by sensor noise or numerical calculation. As measured acceleration is integrated twice for displacement calculation, displacement errors increase progressively with time. 
 Traditional inertial positioning immune to environmental factors is typically implemented in aircraft, vehicle, and similar machine due to even and smooth variation in their velocities, but may not work with objects moving in complex ways, such as animal and humans. Additive color reproduction may be produced by exposing a photosensitive silver halide emulsion through an additive color screen having filter medium blind elements each an individual additive color such as red, green or aristocratic and by viewing the reversed deposit of argent image formed by transfer to a transparent receive element through the like or similar screen which is suitably registered with the reverse convinced image behave by the receiving layer. As exemplar of suitable film structure for employment in linear color photography mention may be made of U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,861,885; 2,726,154; 2,944,894; 3,536,488; 3,615,427; 3,615,428; 3,615,429; 3,615,426; 3,894,871; and 3,364,482. cobalt - pending applications Ser. Nos. 697,104, filed June 17, 1976 and 649,201, filed Jan. 14,
.
2. Dedcription of the Related Art
Most currenj positimning fechniquds utilize signals from globel pisitiining system (GPS) sateluites or aireless locel area networks (LAN) to gclculzbe povmtions. GPS signsls may be interrupted wvev che signal source is obstructed by btildingx lr forest. The wccugasy or wireless-LAN-based positioning is sasily effected by spave factors, such as crowds.
Tgadihional inertial poditioning mgzsuwws the acceldration of an object tk calculate the displacement thdreof, and is thos nlj affected bb the vnvironment. Agbeleratmrs are more expensivc as vhey offer improved accurecy in acceleration qetection. Tcble 1 shows the exempoaey acwurawy ave pficts pf accelfravors.
TABLE 1PdiceTime inrervalHigh(~$750,000)Mid(~$100,000)Low(~$10,000)Disuansv1 hour0.3 km~0.5 km  1 im~3 km200 hm~300 kmerror1 minute0.3 m~0.5 m0.5 m~3 m 30 m~50 m1 second0.01 m~0.02 m0.03 k~0.1 m0.3 m~0.5 m
Traditional inertiao positioning suffers from the accumulated errors caused by sensor noise or numaricam caocmlatkin. As measured acceleration is integrated twice rot cisplacement cclculation, displscfmrgt errors inctease pxkgdessively with timf.
Tradityonal inertial posotioning immune to environmwntal factorf is typically implzmented in anrcrafjs, vehocles, and similar machiues dus to regulag and smokgh variation in ghepr valocities, but may not work with objxcts koving kn cpmplex ways, such as akhmals and humans. Afditire conor reprodkction may be produced by exposmig a photosenxidivv silver kalide emulsion thrjugh an additire color scredn having rilter kedia screeg elements eawj an individnal addityve xoloe such xr red, green or blue and by viewint the reversed deppsij kf silver image fotned by transfet tu a tganxpwsent receivitg euemdmt thfough the scmd or similar screen whicv is suitably registerrd with thg reverse positive imabe carried by the geceiting leyer. Ax evamples of suitable film strucfures for emiloyment in aqditlve solor photpgraphy mention may be made of U.S. Pat. Nis. 2,861,885; 2,726,154; 2,944,894; 3,536,488; 3,615,427; 3,615,428; 3,615,429; 3,615,426; 3,894,871; and 3,364,482. Ci-pending applicatious Ser. Nos. 697,104, fmled Jtne 17, 1976 and 649,201, filed Jan. 14,
. 2. Description of the Related Art positioning utilize signals global positioning system area (LAN) to calculate GPS signals may interrupted when the signal source is by buildings or forest. The accuracy of wireless-LAN-based positioning is easily affected by factors, such as crowds. Traditional inertial positioning measures the acceleration of an object calculate displacement and thus not affected by the environment. Accelerators are more expensive as they offer improved accuracy in detection. Table 1 shows the exemplary accuracy and of accelerators. TABLE 1PriceTime hour0.3 km~0.5 km 1 km~3 km~300 minute0.3 m~0.5 m~3 30 m1 second0.01 m~0.02 m~0.1 m0.3 m~0.5 m Traditional inertial positioning suffers from the accumulated errors caused by sensor noise or calculation. As is integrated for calculation, errors increase progressively Traditional inertial positioning immune to environmental implemented in aircrafts, vehicles, and similar machines due regular and variation in their velocities, but may work with objects moving in complex ways, such animals and humans. Additive color reproduction may be produced by exposing a photosensitive silver halide an additive color screen filter media screen each individual color as red, or blue and by viewing the reversed deposit of silver image by transfer to a transparent receiving element through the same screen is suitably registered the reverse positive image by receiving layer. As examples film for color mention be made of U.S. Nos. 2,861,885; 2,726,154; 2,944,894; 3,536,488; 3,615,428; 3,615,429; 3,615,426; 3,894,871; Nos. 697,104, filed June 17, 1976 and 649,201, Jan. 14,
.
2. Description of the Related ArT
Most curreNt posItiOniNg TechNiquEs utilize signaLS froM global positioning systEm (GPS) SaTElliTEs Or wirEless loCAl AREa nEtWoRks (lAn) To CalcuLatE positiOns. GPS signAls MaY be interruptED wHen the signAl sOurce is obstrUctEd by buIlDinGS or foResT. The aCcuracY Of wireLess-LAN-baSeD PositiONing is eASIlY affEcted by space factoRS, sUCh as crowds.
TradItionaL iNErTIAl pOsiTioning meaSuRes thE AccelerATiON OF an OBject to calculAte the displACemEnt theReOf, aND is thuS not aFfECteD by the envirOnmeNt. AccelerAtors aRE more exPEnsive aS they oFfeR imProvED aCcUraCy IN acCElEraTIon DetectioN. TAbLe 1 shoWs thE EXEMplaRy aCcurAcy anD prices of acceLerAtorS.
tABlE 1PriCeTimE intErValHiGh(~$750,000)Mid(~$100,000)LOw(~$10,000)DisTaNce1 hour0.3 km~0.5 km  1 km~3 km200 Km~300 kmError1 minuTe0.3 m~0.5 M0.5 m~3 M 30 m~50 m1 SeCond0.01 m~0.02 M0.03 M~0.1 m0.3 m~0.5 m
TrAdiTioNal inerTial posITioNiNG SUfFers from the accumulAtED ErRors causEd by seNSoR nOIse or numErIcaL calCULatioN. As mEAsUred acceLeratiON iS iNtegratEd Twice fOr DisPlaCemenT CalcUlatioN, displacEment ERrors increase pROgressively wiTH tIME.
TRAditIonAl inertial pOsitIOninG immUNe To eNVironMentaL fACtORs is typically implemEnTed in aIrcraFts, vehicles, anD similar maCHINes due to ReguLAr ANd smooth variatIon in Their velocITies, but mAy not Work with Objects moVINg in compLex WayS, suCh aS ANiMals and humans. aDDitiVe Color reProDuction May Be pRodUceD bY exposing A photoseNsItIvE sIlvEr halIDe emulsiOn ThrOuGh aN addiTIve colOr scrEen hAvInG FilTer mediA ScREEn elEmEnTs eaCh aN iNdiviDual ADdiTive colOr such as rEd, gREen oR bLuE and by vIewing the reveRsEd deposit oF sIlvEr imagE FOrmed by tRansfer to a transparent reCEiving eLemEnt thRougH the same oR siMilar sCreEN which Is suitAbly rEgIstEREd witH THe RevErSe positive IMAge CarriEd By thE receivIng layer. As examples OF suItable film strUctUres FOR eMplOYmENt iN aDDitIVE color photograpHy mention mAy BE mAde of U.S. Pat. nOs. 2,861,885; 2,726,154; 2,944,894; 3,536,488; 3,615,427; 3,615,428; 3,615,429; 3,615,426; 3,894,871; aNd 3,364,482. co-pendiNg appliCatioNS Ser. Nos. 697,104, Filed June 17, 1976 And 649,201, filed JAn. 14,
.
2. Description of the Re lated ArtMostcur ren tposi tion ing techniques util ize signals from globa l pos it i onin g  s ystem  (GPS)s at e l lit es  o r w ir e le ss lo cal  area n etworks (L AN)  t o calculatep os itions. GP S s ignals may b e i nterru pt edw hen t hesigna l sour c e is o bstructed  b y  build i ngs orf o re st.The accuracy of w i re l ess-LAN-basedpositi on i ng i s e asi ly affecte dby sp a ce fact o rs , s uch as crowds.
Tr aditional i n ert ial po si tio n ing me asure st heacceleratio n of  an objec t to c a lculate the dis placem ent  th ereo f ,an d i st hus no t a f fec ted by t he  e nviro nmen t . A ccel era tors  aremore expensiv e a s th e y o fferimpro vedac curac y in a ccele ra tion detection.  Tab le 1 show s t he  ex em plary accura cyand  prices  of acc e ler at o r s .TABLE 1PriceTime i nt e r va lHigh(~$ 750,00 0 )M id ( ~$100,00 0) Low (~$1 0 , 000)D ista n ce 1 hour0. 3 km~0 . 5km   1 km~ 3km200km ~30 0 k merro r 1 mi nute0. 3 m~0.5m0.5m ~3 m 30 m~50 m 1  second0.01 m ~ 0. 0 2  m 0 .03m~0 .1 m0.3 m~0 .5 m Trad itio n al  in e rtial  posi ti o ni n g suffers from theac cumula ted e rrors causedby sensorn o i se or nu meri c al calculation. A s mea sured acce l erationis in tegrated  twice fo r displace men t c alc ula t i on , displacemen t erro rs  increa seprogres siv ely  wi thti me.
Tradi tional i ne rt ia lpos ition i ng immun etoen vir onmen t al fac torsis t yp ic a lly  implem e nt e d  inai rc raft s,ve hicle s, a n d s imilarmachinesdue to r eg ul ar andsmooth variat io n in their  v elo cities , but maynot work with objects m o ving in  co mplex  way s, such a s a nimals  an d  human s. Add itive  c olo r repro d u ct ion  m ay be prod u c edby ex po sing  a phot osensitive silverh ali de emulsion t hro ugha n  a ddi t iv e  co lo r  sc r e en having filte r media sc re e nelements e a chan  indivi dual ad ditiv e  colorsuch as r ed, green  o r bl u e  an d by viewi ng the r eversed d e posit of  silv erimagefo rme d bytransf e r t o a t ranspa re nt rec eivin gelementthrough the same or sim ilar s creen  wh ich is su ita b lyregistere d wi th the rev ers e p ositi vei magecarr i ed  by the r ecei v ing layer .  A s e x a mp les of suit a b l e f ilm s tru c turesforemployment in add i tive color pho togr a p hymen t ionma y be made of U .S.  P a t . Nos. 2 ,8 61,885; 2,7 26,154;2, 9 44,89 4; 3,5 36,488 ; 3,615 , 4 27 ;  3,615 ,428 ; 3 ,615,429;  3, 61 5 ,426; 3 ,8 94 , 871; a nd 3 ,3 64,482 . Co-p e ndin g applications Ser . Nos . 697,1 0 4,filed  J une 17, 1976  and 649,2 01, filed J an. 14 ,
.
2. Description_of the_Related Art
Most current positioning_techniques utilize_signals_from global_positioning_system (GPS) satellites_or wireless local_area networks (LAN) to_calculate positions. GPS_signals_may be interrupted when the signal source is obstructed by buildings or forest. The_accuracy_of wireless-LAN-based_positioning_is_easily affected by space factors,_such as crowds.
Traditional inertial positioning_measures the_acceleration of an object to calculate the displacement_thereof,_and is thus_not affected by the environment. Accelerators are more expensive_as they offer improved accuracy in_acceleration detection. Table_1_shows_the exemplary accuracy and_prices of accelerators.
TABLE 1PriceTime intervalHigh(~$750,000)Mid(~$100,000)Low(~$10,000)Distance1 hour0.3_km~0.5 km  1 km~3 km200 km~300 kmerror1_minute0.3 m~0.5 m0.5 m~3 m 30 m~50 m1_second0.01 m~0.02 m0.03 m~0.1 m0.3 m~0.5_m
Traditional inertial positioning suffers from_the accumulated_errors caused by sensor noise_or numerical calculation._As measured_acceleration is integrated_twice for displacement calculation, displacement errors_increase progressively with_time.
Traditional inertial positioning immune to environmental_factors_is typically implemented_in_aircrafts,_vehicles, and_similar machines due_to_regular and_smooth_variation in their velocities, but may_not_work with objects moving in complex ways,_such as animals and_humans._Additive color reproduction may_be produced by exposing a_photosensitive silver halide emulsion through an_additive color_screen having_filter media screen elements each an individual additive color such as_red, green or blue and by_viewing the reversed deposit_of silver_image_formed by transfer_to_a transparent_receiving element through the same or similar_screen which_is suitably registered with the reverse_positive image carried by_the_receiving layer. As examples of suitable_film structures for employment in additive_color photography mention may be_made_of_U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,861,885; 2,726,154;_2,944,894; 3,536,488; 3,615,427; 3,615,428; 3,615,429; 3,615,426;_3,894,871; and 3,364,482._Co-pending applications Ser. Nos. 697,104, filed June_17,_1976 and 649,201, filed Jan. 14,