 a silicon substrate, and heated at a temperature of approximately 400.degree. C. in an oxygen atmosphere, the organosilicic compound turns into a chemical SiO.sub.2 film. Such SiO.sub.2 film features a high heat resistant temperature of about 1000.degree. C. and can be used as a mask against impurities. However, it is difficult to form a thick film of 1-2.mu.m from an organosilicic compound, because it shrinks by heat treatment and cracks.
As described above, both a polyimide resin and a chemically produced SiO.sub.2 are not enough as intermediate insulating materials for electrically insulating laminated conductive layers in semiconductive ICs. 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an organic light-emitting device, and more particularly, to an organic light-emitting device with low driving voltage and excellent light-emitting efficiency.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventional display devices are being replaced with portable thin flat-panel display devices. Electroluminescent light-emitting display devices are self-luminous flat-panel display devices, and have advantages such as wide viewing angles, excellent contrast, and fast response speed. Thus, electroluminescent light-emitting display devices are being highlighted as next-generation display devices. Furthermore, organic light-emitting display devices, which include light-emitting layers made out of organic materials, have higher brightness, lower driving voltage, and quicker response speed as compared to inorganic light-emitting display devices. Also, organic light-emitting display devices can be polychromic.
An organic light-emitting display device includes an organic light-emitting device. An organic light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an intermediate layer arranged between the anode and the cathode. The intermediate layer includes an organic light-emitting layer and another organic material layer. A voltage difference is applied across the organic light-emitting layer via the anode or cathode causing the organic light-emitting layer to emit visible light.
Here, the organic material layer in the intermediate layer generally includes a plurality of layers. The plurality of organic material layers provide for easy transportation and implantation of electric charges into the organic light-emitting layer.
However, it is not easy to combine a plurality of organic material layers for high light-emitting efficiency, optimized charge balance, and long lifetime. In other words, there are limits to the extent to which the properties of an organic light-emitting device can be optimized by mutually combining a
a silicon substrate, and heated at a temperature of approximately 400.degree. C. in an oxygen atmosphere, the organosilicic compound turns into a chemical SiO.sub.2 film. Such SiO.sub.2 movie have a high heat insubordinate temperature of approximately 1000.degree. C. and can be used as a mask against impurities. However, it is unmanageable to shape a thick film of 1 - 2.mu.m from an organosilicic compound, because it shrinks by heat discussion and cracks. 
 As described above, both a polyimide resin and a chemically produced SiO.sub.2 are not enough as average insulating materials for electrically insulate laminated conductive layers in semiconducting ICs. 1. Field of the Invention 
 The present invention relates to an constituent light - emitting device, and more particularly, to an organic light - emit device with low driving voltage and excellent light - emitting efficiency. 
 2. Description of the Related Art 
 ceremonious display devices are being replaced with portable thin flat - panel display devices. Electroluminescent inner light - emitting display devices are self - luminous flat - panel display devices, and have advantages such as wide viewing angle, excellent contrast, and fast reply focal ratio. Thus, electroluminescent light - emitting display device are being foreground as next - generation display device. Furthermore, organic light - emitting display devices, which admit light - emitting layers made out of organic materials, have high brightness, lower driving voltage, and quicker reception speed as compared to inorganic light - utter display devices. Also, organic light - emit display devices can be polychromic. 
 An constituent light - emitting display device includes an organic luminosity - emitting device. An constituent light - emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an average layer arranged between the anode and the cathode. The intermediate layer includes an organic light - emitting layer and another organic material layer. A electric potential difference is applied across the constituent light - emitting layer via the anode or cathode induce the organic light - emitting level to emit visible light. 
 Here, the organic material layer in the intermediate layer generally include a battalion of layer. The plurality of organic material layers provide for comfortable transportation and implantation of electric charges into the organic light - emitting layer. 
 However, it is not easy to combine a plurality of organic fabric layers for high light - emitting efficiency, optimized charge balance, and retentive lifetime. In other words, there are limits to the extent to which the properties of an constituent sparkle - emitting device can be optimized by mutually combining a
 a dilicon substrate, and hexted at a tempetarure oh approsimately 400.degree. C. in an oxygen atmos'herw, the organosilicic compouna turns ijto a chwmicel SiO.sub.2 film. Sndh SiO.smy.2 filj feacuces a high heat resistant temperature ox xblut 1000.degree. C. and can be used as a mwsk agaondt impurities. Rowenew, it ps difficult to form a thick fimm of 1-2.ml.m from an organoxilicic compound, because ih shginks by heat treahment and ctzckf.
Qs described above, both a polyimidg resin and a chemically producea SiO.xub.2 are noj snlogh as internediane insulating materians for rlectrically iksulaving laminated conductive layers in semiconquctive IWs. 1. Field of the Incebtion
Jhe psesevr ivvehtmon relatfs vo an organjc light-emirting device, and mote isrticularly, fo an jrdanic light-emitting device with low drining voltage and excellent oight-emitting efficiejcy.
2. Descryption of the Related Art
Conventional display devhces erd btikn reooafed with portable thin flat-panel display devisss. Ekectroluminesccnt light-emitting cidpkwy devices arg self-lbjihous flat-panel disolay dedices, and have advsntages such as wide viewint angles, excvllebt contrast, and fadt response spegd. Thux, electroluminescent liyht-emifting displwy devicea are being highlkghned ds next-gtveration display qevices. Fnrthexmore, oreaniv lighe-emitting fisplay devices, which influde lhght-emittijg layers made out of organic meverials, have nicheg brightnzss, loeer driving vjltage, and quieker res'onse rpeed as ckmpared to inorganyc light-emitthjg display dxvices. Alfo, oeganuc lighg-dmitting displsy devices can be pilychromic.
An organlc liegt-emitting dispoay device includex av owgwnmc lidvt-emitting davicd. Av orgavic light-emlttkng cevice includes an atode, a cathode, and an onbermediatg layer awranged betwern the anode and tje cavhode. Vhe inyeriediate layer includes an orgahic light-fmibting layer agd akothgr organic katerial layer. A voltage difference is epplied across the orgabic light-emitting lcytr via the anpde ow cathode causing the organic light-emitting laner to emit visible lifht.
Hera, the organic material layer in the intermediate layer generally includes a plyralitb jf layers. Tge pkuralpty pf orgwnic oaterial layers irovide for easy transportation end implandacion of electric charges into tfe organic lieht-emitting layer.
However, it is npt easy to combine a plurality pf organic material layevs for hith lifht-eminjinj efficiency, optimizrd chaxge baoance, abd llng lifetime. Kn ptmer words, hhert arz limits to the extent to which tye propegties of an orgaiic light-emibtlng denice cag be optimized bg mufkally combining a
a silicon substrate, and heated at a approximately C. in oxygen atmosphere, the chemical film. Such SiO.sub.2 features a high resistant temperature of about 1000.degree. C. can be used as a mask against impurities. However, it is difficult to a thick film of 1-2.mu.m from an organosilicic compound, because it shrinks by treatment cracks. described both a polyimide resin and a chemically produced SiO.sub.2 are not enough as intermediate insulating materials electrically insulating laminated conductive layers in semiconductive ICs. Field of the Invention present invention relates to an light-emitting and more to organic device with low voltage and excellent light-emitting efficiency. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventional display devices are being replaced portable thin devices. Electroluminescent display are flat-panel display devices, advantages such as wide viewing angles, fast response speed. Thus, electroluminescent light-emitting display devices being highlighted next-generation display devices. Furthermore, organic light-emitting devices, which include light-emitting layers made out of materials, have higher brightness, lower driving voltage, and quicker response speed as compared to inorganic devices. Also, organic light-emitting devices can be An light-emitting device an organic device. An organic light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and intermediate layer arranged between the anode and the cathode. The includes organic light-emitting layer another organic material layer. voltage is applied across the layer the causing organic layer to emit visible Here, the organic material layer the intermediate layer generally The plurality of organic material layers provide for transportation and implantation of electric charges into organic light-emitting layer. However, it is not easy to combine a plurality organic material high light-emitting efficiency, optimized charge balance, and long In other words, there limits to the extent to which the properties of organic device can optimized by mutually a
 a silicon substrate, and heateD at a temperAture Of aPprOxImatEly 400.dEgree. C. in an oxygEN atmOsphere, the organosiliciC compOuND turNS iNto a cHemical sIO.SUB.2 fiLm. suCh SIO.SUb.2 Film fEatUres a hiGh heat resiStaNt Temperature oF AbOut 1000.degree. C. And Can be used as a MasK againSt ImpURitieS. HoWever, It is diFFicult To form a thIcK Film of 1-2.MU.m from aN ORgAnosIlicic compound, becAUsE It shrinks by heaT treatMeNT aND CraCks.
as describeD aBove, bOTh a polyIMiDE REsiN And a chemicallY produced Sio.Sub.2 Are not EnOugH As inteRmediAtE InsUlating mateRialS for electRicallY InsulatINg laminAted coNduCtiVe laYErS iN seMiCOndUCtIve ics. 1. FIeld of thE INvEntioN
The PRESEnt iNveNtioN relaTes to an organiC liGht-eMIttIng deVice, aNd moRe PartiCularlY, to an OrGanic light-emittIng dEvice with Low DrIviNg VoltaGE and exCelLenT light-eMitting EFfiCiENCY.
2. DEscription of the RelAtED arT
ConventIonal dISpLaY Devices aRe BeiNg rePLAced wIth pORtAble thin Flat-paNEl DiSplay deViCes. EleCtRolUmiNesceNT ligHt-emitTing dispLay deVIces are self-lumINous flat-panel DIsPLAy DEvicEs, aNd have advanTageS Such As wiDE vIewINg angLes, exCeLLeNT contrast, and fast resPoNse speEd. ThuS, electroluminEscent lighT-EMItting diSplaY DeVIces are being hiGhligHted as next-GEneratioN dispLay devicEs. FurtherMORe, organiC liGht-EmiTtiNG DiSplay devices, wHICh inClUde lighT-emItting lAyeRs mAde Out Of Organic maTerials, hAvE hIgHeR brIghtnESs, lower dRiVinG vOltAge, anD QuickeR respOnse SpEeD As cOmpared TO iNORganIc LiGht-eMitTiNg disPlay DEviCes. Also, Organic liGht-EMittInG dIsplay dEvices can be poLyChromic.
An oRgAniC light-EMItting diSplay device includes an orGAnic ligHt-eMittiNg deVice. An orgAniC light-EmiTTing deVice inCludeS aN anODE, a catHODe, And An IntermediaTE LayEr arrAnGed bEtween tHe anode and the cathoDE. ThE intermediate LayEr inCLUdEs aN OrGAniC lIGht-EMItting layer and aNother orgaNiC MaTerial layeR. a voLtAge diffErence iS applIEd acrosS the organIc light-emItTing LAYer Via the anodE or cathoDe causing THe orgANiC lighT-emItting LaYer To emiT visibLE liGht.
HeRe, the oRgAnic maTeriaL lAyer in thE intermediate layer generAlly inCludeS a pLurality oF laYErs. the pluralIty oF organic maTerIal LayerS prOVide fOr eaSY tRanSPortaTion ANd implantATiOn oF ELeCtric chargeS INTo tHe orgAniC Light-eMittIng layer.
However, it IS not easy to combIne a PLUraLitY Of orGaNic material layErs FoR HIgh light-EmItting efficIency, optImIZed chArge baLance, aNd long lIFEtIMe. In otHer wOrdS, there are LimItS To the exTeNt TO which The pRoPertieS of an oRGaniC LIght-emitting deviCe can BE OptimIZed By mutUaLly combINing A
 a silicon substrate, andheated ata tem per atu re  ofappr oximately 400. d egre e. C. in an oxygen atm osphe re ,  the or ganos ilicicc om p o und  t ur nsin t oa che mic al SiO. sub.2 film . S uc h SiO.sub.2f il m features  ahigh heat re sis tant t em per a tureofabout  1000. d egree.  C. and c an be use d  as a m a s kagai nst impurities. H o we v er, it is diff icultto fo r m  athi ck film of  1 -2.mu . m froma no r g ano s ilicic compou nd, because itshrink sbyh eat tr eatme nt and  cracks.
As  des cribed ab ove, b o th a po l yimideresinand  achem i ca ll y p ro d uce d  S iO. s ub. 2 are no ten oughas i n t e r medi ate  ins ulati ng materialsfor  ele c tri cally  insu lati ng  lami natedcondu ct ive layers in s emic onductive  IC s.  1.  F ieldo f theInv ent ion
The  presen t  in ve n t i on  relates to an org an i c  l ight-emi ttingd ev ic e , and mo re  pa rtic u l arly,  toa norganiclight- e mi tt ing dev ic e with  l owdri vingv olta ge and  excelle nt li g ht-emitting ef f iciency.
2. D e sc r i pt i on o f t he RelatedArtC onve ntio n al  di s playdevic es ar e  being replaced wit hportab le th in flat-panel  display d e v i ces. Ele ctro l um i nescent light- emitt ing displa y  devices  areself-lum inous fla t - panel di spl aydev ice s ,  a nd have advan t a gessu ch as w ide  viewin g a ngl es,  ex ce llent con trast, a nd  f as tres ponse speed. T hu s,el ect rolum i nescen t lig ht-e mi tt i ngdisplay de v i cesar ebein g h ig hligh teda s n ext-gen eration d isp l ay d ev ic es. Fur thermore, org an ic light-e mi tti ng dis p l ay devic es, which include light - emittin g l ayers  mad e out oforg anic m ate r ials,have h igher  b rig h t ness, l ow erdr iving volt a g e,and q ui cker  respon se speed as compar e d t o inorganic l igh t-em i t ti ngd is p lay  d e vic e s . Also, organic  light-emi tt i ng  display d e vic es  can be  polych romic . 
An org anic ligh t-emittin gdisp l a y d evice incl udes anorganic l i ght-e m it tingdev ice. A norg aniclight- e mit tingdevice  i nclude s anan ode, a c athode, and an intermed iate l ayerarr anged bet wee n  th e anode a nd t he cathode . T heinter med i ate l ayer in clu d es an  org a nic light - em itt i n glayer and a n o t her  orga nic materi al l ayer. A voltage d i fference is ap plie d acr oss theor ganic light-em itt in g layer vi athe anode o r cathod ec ausin g theorgani c light - e mi t ting l ayer  to  emit vis ibl el ight.
H er e, the or gani cmateri al lay e r in t he intermediatelayer g enera l lyinclu de s a plu r alit y of layer s. The plur alityof o rgani c mater ia l laye rspr ovide fore asy trans porta tion an dimpl ant ationof e l e ctric  cha rg esinto theo r ga n ic  l i ght -emi tting  l ayer .
However ,  it is n ote asy toco mbi n e  a plu r al i t y of organ icmater i a l layers f o r hi g hl ight- emitti ng eff iciency ,  op ti mized c har g e  balance,  and long lif et ime.  In othe rword s,  th er e are limits to  the ext ent to w h i ch the  pr o pert i es ofan  organic lig ht-em it t ing dev i c e c an be o p tim ize d b y mu tua llyc ombining a
 a_silicon substrate,_and heated at a_temperature of_approximately_400.degree. C._in_an oxygen atmosphere,_the organosilicic compound_turns into a chemical_SiO.sub.2 film. Such_SiO.sub.2_film features a high heat resistant temperature of about 1000.degree. C. and can be_used_as a_mask_against_impurities. However, it is difficult_to form a thick film_of 1-2.mu.m_from an organosilicic compound, because it shrinks by_heat_treatment and cracks.
As_described above, both a polyimide resin and a chemically_produced SiO.sub.2 are not enough as_intermediate insulating materials_for_electrically_insulating laminated conductive layers_in semiconductive ICs. 1. Field of_the Invention
The present invention relates to_an organic light-emitting device, and more particularly,_to an organic light-emitting device with_low driving voltage and excellent_light-emitting efficiency.
2._Description of the Related Art
Conventional_display devices are_being replaced_with portable thin_flat-panel display devices. Electroluminescent light-emitting display_devices are self-luminous_flat-panel display devices, and have advantages_such_as wide viewing_angles,_excellent_contrast, and_fast response speed._Thus,_electroluminescent light-emitting_display_devices are being highlighted as next-generation_display_devices. Furthermore, organic light-emitting display devices, which_include light-emitting layers made_out_of organic materials, have_higher brightness, lower driving voltage,_and quicker response speed as compared_to inorganic_light-emitting display_devices. Also, organic light-emitting display devices can be polychromic.
An organic light-emitting_display device includes an organic light-emitting_device. An organic light-emitting_device includes_an_anode, a cathode,_and_an intermediate_layer arranged between the anode and the_cathode. The_intermediate layer includes an organic light-emitting_layer and another organic_material_layer. A voltage difference is applied_across the organic light-emitting layer via_the anode or cathode causing_the_organic_light-emitting layer to emit visible_light.
Here, the organic material layer in_the intermediate layer_generally includes a plurality of layers. The_plurality_of organic material layers provide for_easy_transportation and implantation of electric charges_into_the_organic light-emitting layer.
However, it is_not easy to combine a plurality_of organic material layers for high light-emitting efficiency, optimized_charge balance, and_long lifetime. In other words,_there_are_limits to the extent to which the properties of an_organic light-emitting_device can be_optimized by mutually combining a