 by DSPs, e.g., Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT), do not perform as well using traditional general purpose processors or CPUs. Although some features added to more recent general purpose processor designs, e.g., SIMD execution units and predication, have significantly improved performance, the power consumption of general purpose processing units performing these algorithms is still typically much higher than that of DSP chips specifically tailored for those algorithms. This is primarily because general purpose processing units typically incorporate large blocks of logic such as multiple cache memories, multiple threads of execution, multiple execution units, etc. that are intended to improve performance generally for most workloads. However, for many DSP algorithms, this logic does very little to improve performance, and thus the additional power consumption of this logic is often effectively wasted when executing such DSP algorithms in a general purpose processor.
Therefore, a continuing need exists in the art for improved manners of reducing power consumption in an integrated circuit, particularly in connection with executing DSP algorithms and the like. The present invention relates to an improved carrier particle for use with a toner in an electrostatic copying process. Such processes are now commonly used by laser printers and photocopy machines.
Electrostatic processes typically use developers that have two components: toner particles and carrier particles. The carrier particles impart a triboelectric charge to the toner particles with a proper polarity and magnitude to insure that the toner particles are preferentially attracted to desired image areas on a latent image field. The magnitude of the triboelectric charge is important. If the charge is too low, the attractive force between the carrier particles and the toner particles will be too weak, resulting in "background," that is, the transfer of too much toner from the carrier. If the charge is too high, not enough toner is transferred from the carrier, resulting in low print density.
Additionally, it is important for the carrier particles to have low surface energy. Low surface energy makes it difficult for the toner particles to permanently adhere to the carrier particles. Permanent adhesion of toner particles to carrier particles impairs the normal triboelectric charging of the remaining toner particles, resulting in decreased output quality and shortened developer life.
Therefore, it is desirable for carrier particles to have a strong triboelectric charge so that toner particles can be attracted and deposited in sufficient quantities to achieve high print density while at the same time resisting the permanent adhesion of toner particles so that developer life is increased and output quality remains stable and good over the life of the developer.
The present invention provides the aforementioned desirable characteristics while avoiding the
by DSPs, e.g., Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT), do not perform as well using traditional cosmopolitan function processors or CPUs. Although some feature add to more recent general determination central processing unit designs, e.g., SIMD execution units and predication, have importantly improved performance, the power consumption of cosmopolitan purpose processing units perform these algorithms is still typically a lot higher than that of DSP chips specifically tailored for those algorithm. This is primarily because general purpose processing units typically incorporate bombastic blocks of logic such as multiple cache memories, multiple threads of execution, multiple performance units, etc. that are intended to improve performance generally for most workloads. However, for many DSP algorithms, this logic does very little to improve performance, and thus the additional power consumption of this logic is often effectively lay waste to when executing such DSP algorithms in a cosmopolitan function central processing unit. 
 Therefore, a continuing need exists in the art for improved manners of reducing power pulmonary tuberculosis in an integrated circuit, particularly in connection with executing DSP algorithms and the like. The present invention relates to an improved carrier particle for use with a toner in an electrostatic copying process. Such process are nowadays commonly used by laser printers and photocopy machines. 
 Electrostatic processes typically practice developers that have two components: toner particles and carrier particles. The carrier particles impart a triboelectric charge to the toner particle with a proper polarity and magnitude to see that the toner particles are preferentially attract to desired double areas on a latent prototype field. The magnitude of the triboelectric bang is important. If the care is too humble, the attractive force between the carrier particles and the toner particles will be too watery, resulting in " background, " that is, the transportation of too much toner from the carrier. If the charge is too high, not enough toner is transferred from the mailman, resulting in low print density. 
 Additionally, it is important for the carrier particles to take gloomy surface energy. Low surface energy makes it unmanageable for the toner particles to permanently adhere to the carrier particles. Permanent adhesion of toner particles to carrier particles impairs the normal triboelectric charging of the remaining toner atom, resulting in decreased output quality and shortened developer life. 
 consequently, it is desirable for carrier particles to have a strong triboelectric charge so that toner particles can be attracted and deposited in sufficient quantities to achieve high print density while at the same time resisting the permanent adhesion of toner particles so that developer life is increased and output signal quality remains stable and good over the life of the developer. 
 The present invention provides the aforementioned desirable characteristic while avoiding the
 by DSPs, e.g., Fast Fourier Trxnsforms (FFT), do not pecform aa well uring traditional general pur'ose proctfsors or CPUs. Althuugh some featurew adved to more receif general purllse 'ricessor designx, e.g., SIMD axecution unitv xnb predication, have significantly impwoved prrvormance, the pjwer sonshmption of general purpose processjng unius performing thesr algorithms is still typifallj much higher than that of DSK chyps specificauly tailortd for those algorithms. This is primarily bdcausz general poxposf processing unitf typically lmcorposate latge blocks of kogmc sych as multiple cache memories, multiple threads mf execution, multipoe execotion unigw, egc. uhav ade intfndxd to improbe performabce generally for mpse workloads. Hosever, sow many DSP algorithms, this logic does vtry ljttle to improve perfornance, and thus the adfitional [ower consumption of this logic is often effectivaly wesged wmen dzefuting such DSP algorithms in a general purpofs krobessor.
Therefore, a continuing nfec exists in thg art for jmproved manners ov reducyng piwer constmptoon in an integrated circuir, particularjt in connection wich executing DSP algotithms and the like. The preaent inventlon relatsr to an improved cagries particle for use with a eoner in en elzctrostagic vopyind process. Duch isocesses are now clmmonpy used by lwser printers and photocopy macimnes.
Electroststhc irocesses typigally use develjpers that havg two com'onentr: toner pagticles aid carrier pwrticles. The wwrrier partirles impawt a trivoelectfkc charge to tne toner iaxticles wuth a proper polarlty avs magnitude to nusoee that the tomer pawtpclxs arq preferentianly xttfscted to desired kmagr areas on a latent hmags field. The magnitidc of the jriboeleceric charge ix important. If the charje is voo loe, tre attractive force between ths carrier pavticles and tre tiner particlzs will be too weak, resulting in "backgronnd," that is, the transfgr of too much toner yrpm the carrmer. If the charce is too high, not ebough toner is trsnsferred from the cadrier, sesulhing in low print density.
Additionally, it is important for the carrier parricles to have low surgace vnexgy. Low strfare energy makes it difficult for the toner particues to parianently adhere to the carrirr particles. Petmanent adhesion of toner larticlex to carrier particles impairs yhe normal triboelectric chargint of fhe remainmng toner particles, tesultnng in decreawed lutput qualith amd shortenef detelkper life.
Therefore, it is desiraboe for cwrrier particles to have a durong ttiboelecjric charge so thzt tkjer pxrticles can ne attracted amd deposited in suffpciqnt quantities no achieve hibh prinn density whike at the sdme time resisting the permanent adhesion of toner karticles sk that dcveloper life is oicreased and output quallty rqmains sgable and gomd over the life of the developer.
The presenv invevtijn prkvides the afmrementioned desirable characterirtics while avoieing the
by DSPs, e.g., Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT), perform well using general purpose processors added more recent general processor designs, e.g., execution units and predication, have significantly performance, the power consumption of general purpose processing units performing these algorithms is typically much higher than that of DSP chips specifically tailored for those algorithms. is because purpose units typically incorporate large blocks of logic such as multiple cache memories, multiple threads of execution, execution units, etc. that are intended to improve generally for most workloads. for many DSP algorithms, this does little to performance, thus additional power consumption this logic is often effectively wasted when executing such DSP algorithms in a general purpose processor. Therefore, continuing need the art improved of power consumption in circuit, particularly in connection with executing the like. The present invention relates to an carrier particle use with a toner in an copying process. Such processes are now commonly used laser printers and photocopy machines. Electrostatic processes typically use developers that have two components: toner carrier particles. The carrier impart a triboelectric to toner with proper polarity magnitude to insure that the toner particles are preferentially attracted to image areas on a latent image field. The magnitude of charge important. If the is too low, the force the carrier particles and particles be in that the transfer of too toner from the carrier. If charge is too high, from the carrier, resulting in low print density. it is important for the carrier particles have low surface energy. Low surface energy makes it difficult for the particles to to the carrier particles. Permanent adhesion of toner to carrier particles impairs normal triboelectric charging of the remaining toner particles, resulting decreased quality and developer life. Therefore, is desirable for particles to have triboelectric charge that particles and deposited in sufficient quantities to high density while at the same resisting adhesion of toner particles so that developer life is increased and output quality remains stable over the life of developer. present invention provides the aforementioned desirable characteristics while avoiding the
 by DSPs, e.g., Fast Fourier TransfOrms (FFT), do nOt perForM as WeLl usIng tRaditional geneRAl puRpose processors or CPUs. ALthouGh SOme fEAtUres aDded to mORe RECenT gEnEraL pURpOse prOceSsor desIgns, e.g., SIMD ExeCuTion units and PReDication, haVe sIgnificantly ImpRoved pErForMAnce, tHe pOwer cOnsumpTIon of gEneral purPoSE proceSSing uniTS PeRforMing these algorithMS iS Still typically Much hiGhER tHAN thAt oF DSP chips sPeCificALly tailOReD FOR thOSe algorithms. THis is primarILy bEcause GeNerAL purpoSe proCeSSinG units typicAlly IncorporaTe largE Blocks oF Logic suCh as muLtiPle CachE MeMoRieS, mULtiPLe ThrEAds Of executIoN, mUltipLe exECUTIon uNitS, etc. That aRe intended to iMprOve pERfoRmancE geneRallY fOr mosT worklOads. HOwEver, for many DSP aLgorIthms, this LogIc DoeS vEry liTTle to iMprOve PerformAnce, and THus ThE ADDiTional power consumpTiON Of This logiC is oftEN eFfECtively wAsTed When EXEcutiNg suCH DsP algoriThms in A GeNeRal purpOsE proceSsOr.
THerEfore, A ContInuing Need exisTs in tHE art for improveD Manners of reduCInG POwER conSumPtion in an inTegrATed cIrcuIT, pArtICularLy in cOnNEcTIon with executing DSP AlGorithMs and The like. The preSent inventION Relates tO an iMPrOVed carrier partIcle fOr use with a TOner in an ElectRostatic Copying prOCEss. Such pRocEssEs aRe nOW CoMmonly used by lASEr prInTers and PhoTocopy mAchIneS.
ElEctRoStatic proCesses tyPiCaLlY uSe dEveloPErs that hAvE twO cOmpOnentS: Toner pArticLes aNd CaRRieR particLEs. tHE carRiEr PartIclEs ImparT a trIBoeLectric Charge to tHe tONer pArTiCles witH a proper polarItY and magnitUdE to Insure THAt the tonEr particles are preferentIAlly attRacTed to DesiRed image aReaS on a laTenT Image fIeld. ThE magnItUde OF The trIBOeLecTrIc charge is IMPorTant. IF tHe chArge is tOo low, the attractive FOrcE between the caRriEr paRTIcLes ANd THe tOnER paRTIcles will be too wEak, resultiNg IN "bAckground," tHAt iS, tHe transFer of toO much TOner froM the carriEr. If the chArGe is TOO hiGh, not enougH toner is TransferrED from THe CarriEr, rEsultiNg In lOw priNt densITy.
ADditiOnally, It Is impoRtant FoR the carrIer particles to have low suRface eNergy. low Surface enErgY MakEs it diffiCult For the toneR paRtiCles tO peRManenTly aDHeRe tO The caRrieR Particles. pErManENT aDhesion of toNER ParTicleS to CArrier PartIcles impairs the noRMal triboelectrIc chARGinG of THe reMaIning toner partIclEs, RESulting iN dEcreased outPut qualiTy ANd shoRtened DeveloPer life.
tHErEFore, it Is deSirAble for caRriEr PArticleS tO hAVe a strOng tRiBoelecTric chARge sO THat toner particleS can bE ATtracTEd aNd depOsIted in sUFficIent quantiTies to achieVe high PrinT densIty whilE aT the saMe tImE resisting THe permaneNt adhEsion of ToNer pArtIcles sO thaT DEveloPer lIfE is Increased AND oUTpUt QUalIty rEmainS sTablE and good oVEr the lifE of THe develOpEr.
THE PresenT InVENtion proviDes The afOREmentioned DEsirABlE CharaCterisTics whIle avoiDIng ThE
 by DSPs, e.g., Fast Fouri er Transfo rms ( FFT ),do  not  per form as well u s ingtraditional general pu rpose  p r oces s or s orCPUs. A l th o u ghso me  fe at u re s add edto more  recent ge ner al  purpose pro c es sor design s,e.g., SIMD e xec utionun its and p red icati on, ha v e sign ificantly  i m proved perform a n ce , th e power consumpti o no f general purp ose pr oc e ss i n g u nit s performi ng  thes e  algori t hm s i s s t ill typically  much highe r  th an tha tofD SP chi ps sp ec i fic ally tailor ed f or thosealgori t hms. Th i s is pr imaril y b eca useg en er alpu r pos e  p roc e ssi ng units  t yp icall y in c o r p orat e l arge  bloc ks of logic s uch  asm ult iplecache  mem or ies,multip le th re ads of executio n, m ultiple e xec ut ion  u nits, etc. t hat  ar e inten ded toi mpr ov e p er formance generally  f o r  m ost work loads. Ho we v er, forma nyDSPa l gorit hms, th is logic  doesv er ylittleto  impro ve  pe rfo rmanc e , an d thus  the add ition a l power consum p tion of thisl og i c  i s  oft eneffectively  was t ed w hene xe cut i ng su ch DS Pa lg o rithms in a general  p urpose  proc essor.
Theref ore, a con t i n uing nee d ex i st s  in the art fo r imp roved mann e rs of re ducin g powerconsumpti o n  in an i nte gra ted  ci r c ui t, particular l y  inco nnectio n w ith exe cut ing  DS P a lg orithms a nd the l ik e.  T he  pr esent inventio nrel at esto an improv ed ca rrie rpa r tic le foru se w ithato nerinan  elec tros t ati c copyi ng proces s.S uchpr oc esses a re now common ly  used by l as erprinte r s  and pho tocopy machines.
Electr o staticpro cesse s ty pically u sedevelo per s  thathave t wo co mp one n t s: to n e rpar ti cles and c a r rie r par ti cles . The c arrier particles i m par t a triboelec tri c ch a r ge  to th e  to ne r  pa r t icles with a pr oper polar it y  a nd magnitu d e t oinsurethat th e ton e r parti cles arepreferent ia llya t tra cted to de sired im age areas on al at ent i mag e fiel d.  Th e mag nitude ofthe t riboel ec tric c harge  i s import ant. If the charge is t oo low , the  at tractivefor c e b etween th e ca rrier part icl esand t het onerpart i cl esw ill b e to o  weak, re s ul tin g in  "backgroun d , "  th at is , t h e tran sfer  of too much tone r  from the carr ier. I f t hec harg eis too high, n oten o u gh toner  i s transferr ed fromth e  carr ier, r esulti ng in l o w  p r int de nsit y.Additiona lly ,i t is im po rt a nt for  the  c arrier  parti c lest o  have low surfac e ene r g y. Lo w  su rface  e nergy m a kesit difficu lt for thetonerpart icles  to per ma nently  ad he re to thec arrier pa rticl es. Per ma nent  ad hesion  oft o ner p arti cl esto carrie r pa r ti cl e s i mpai rs th enorm al triboe l ectric c har g ing ofth e r e m aining to n e r particle s,resul t i ng in decr e ased ou t put q uality  and s hortene d  de ve loper l ife . Therefore , it is d e sir ab le f or carri er  par ti cle sto have a stron g triboe lectricc h arge s o t h at t o ner pa rt icles can be  attr ac t ed andd e pos ited in suf fic ien t qu ant itie s  to achieve high print d ensi ty wh i leat th e sam etime res i stin g the pe r manent adhesi on of toner par t icl e s so  th a tde veloper l ife is in crea sed  and  ou tput q uali t y re m ai ns s tableandgo od  over the  l ife oft he d e vel oper .
The  p re s en t inven tion pro vides  t he aforem e ntioned  des ir able characte ristics whil eavoi ding t h e
 by_DSPs, e.g.,_Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT),_do not_perform_as well_using_traditional general purpose_processors or CPUs._Although some features added_to more recent_general_purpose processor designs, e.g., SIMD execution units and predication, have significantly improved performance, the_power_consumption of_general_purpose_processing units performing these algorithms_is still typically much higher_than that_of DSP chips specifically tailored for those algorithms._This_is primarily because_general purpose processing units typically incorporate large blocks of_logic such as multiple cache memories,_multiple threads of_execution,_multiple_execution units, etc. that_are intended to improve performance generally_for most workloads. However, for many_DSP algorithms, this logic does very little_to improve performance, and thus the_additional power consumption of this_logic is_often effectively wasted when executing_such DSP algorithms_in a_general purpose processor.
Therefore,_a continuing need exists in the_art for improved_manners of reducing power consumption in_an_integrated circuit, particularly_in_connection_with executing_DSP algorithms and_the_like. The_present_invention relates to an improved carrier_particle_for use with a toner in an_electrostatic copying process. Such_processes_are now commonly used_by laser printers and photocopy_machines.
Electrostatic processes typically use developers that_have two_components: toner_particles and carrier particles. The carrier particles impart a triboelectric charge_to the toner particles with a_proper polarity and magnitude_to insure_that_the toner particles_are_preferentially attracted_to desired image areas on a latent_image field._The magnitude of the triboelectric charge_is important. If the_charge_is too low, the attractive force_between the carrier particles and the_toner particles will be too_weak,_resulting_in "background," that is, the_transfer of too much toner from_the carrier. If_the charge is too high, not enough_toner_is transferred from the carrier, resulting_in_low print density.
Additionally, it is important_for_the_carrier particles to have low_surface energy. Low surface energy makes_it difficult for the toner particles to permanently adhere_to the carrier_particles. Permanent adhesion of toner_particles_to_carrier particles impairs the normal triboelectric charging of the remaining_toner particles,_resulting in decreased_output quality and shortened developer life.
Therefore, it is desirable for_carrier particles to have a strong triboelectric_charge so that toner particles can be attracted and deposited in_sufficient quantities to achieve high print density while_at the same time resisting the permanent_adhesion of toner particles_so_that developer life is increased and output_quality_remains_stable_and good over_the life of_the developer.
The present_invention provides_the aforementioned desirable_characteristics while_avoiding the