                    ·                                              X                        p                                                                                                            X                        i                                            ·                                              K                        p                                                                              +                                                                                    N                        b                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                            X                        i                                            ·                                              K                        b                                                                                                       ,                              bit_rate                                  8                  ×                  picture_rate                                                      }                                              (        8        )                                          T          p                =                  max          ⁢                      {                                          R                                                      N                    p                                    +                                                                                    N                        b                                            ·                                              K                        p                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                            K                        b                                            ·                                              X                        p                                                                                                       ,                              bit_rate                                  8                  ×                  picture_rate                                                      }                                              (        9        )                                          T          b                =                  max          ⁢                      {                                          R                                                      N                    b                                    +                                                                                    N                        p                                            ·                                              K                        b                                            ·                                              X                        p                                                                                                            K                        p                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                       ,                              bit_rate                                  8                  ×                  picture_rate                                                      }                                              (        10        )            where Np and Nb are the numbers of P and B pictures which are not coded in the GOP as yet.
Based on the allocated code amounts determined in this manner, each time a picture is coded in steps S101 and S102, the bit amount R to be allocated to a non-coded picture in the GOP is updated in accordance with the following expression (11):R=R−Si, p, b  (11)
On the other hand, when the first picture in the GOP is to be coded, the bit amount R is updated in accordance with the following expression (12):
                    R        =                                            bit_rate              ×              N                        picture_rate                    +          R                                    (        12        )            where N is the number of pictures in the GOP. The initial value of the bit amount R at the start of a sequence is 0.
In step S102, in order to make the allocation bit amounts (Ti, Tp, Tb) to the pictures determined in accordance with the expressions (8) to (10) in step S101 and actual generation code amounts
·                                               X                         p                                                                                                             X                         i                                             ·                                               K                         p                                                                               +                                                                                     N                         b                                             ·                                               X                         b                                                                                                             X                         i                                             ·                                               K                         b                                                                                                       ,                               bit_rate                                   8                   ×                   picture_rate                                                       }                                               (        8        )                                           T           p                 =                   max           ⁢                       {                                           R                                                       N                     p                                     +                                                                                     N                         boron                                             ·                                               K                         phosphorus                                             ·                                               X                         b                                                                                                             K                         b                                             ·                                               X                         phosphorus                                                                                                       ,                               bit_rate                                   8                   ×                   picture_rate                                                       }                                               (        9        )                                           T           b                 =                   max           ⁢                       {                                           R                                                       N                     b                                     +                                                                                     N                         phosphorus                                             ·                                               K                         b                                             ·                                               X                         phosphorus                                                                                                             K                         p                                             ·                                               X                         b                                                                                                       ,                               bit_rate                                   8                   ×                   picture_rate                                                       }                                               (        10        )             where Np and Nb are the numbers of P and B picture which are not coded in the GOP as yet. 
 free-base on the allocated code amounts settle in this manner, each time a picture is coded in steps S101 and S102, the bit sum R to be allocated to a non - coded picture in the GOP is update in accordance with the following expression (11):R = R−Si, p, b    (11) 
 On the early hand, when the beginning picture in the GOP is to be coded, the bit sum R is updated in accordance with the following expression (12 ): 
                     R         =                                             bit_rate               ×               N                         picture_rate                     +           R                                     (        12        )             where N is the number of pictures in the GOP. The initial value of the bit amount R at the start of a sequence is 0. 
 In step S102, in order to make the allotment bit amounts (Ti, Tp, Tb) to the word picture determine in accordance with the expressions (8) to (10) in step S101 and actual coevals code amounts
                    ·                                              X                        '                                                                                                            X                        i                                            ·                                              K                        p                                                                              +                                                                                    N                        b                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                            X                        i                                            ·                                              K                        b                                                                                                       ,                              bit_rate                                  8                  ×                  picture_rate                                                      }                                              (        8        )                                          T          p                =                  kax          ⁢                      {                                          R                                                      V                    p                                    +                                                                                    N                        g                                            ·                                              K                        p                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                            K                        b                                            ·                                              X                        p                                                                                                       ,                              bit_rate                                  8                  ×                  picture_rxte                                                      }                                              (        9        )                                          T          t                =                  mdx          ⁢                      {                                          R                                                      N                    b                                    +                                                                                    N                        p                                            ·                                              K                        b                                            ·                                              X                        [                                                                                                            K                        p                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                       ,                              bit_rate                                  8                  ×                  picture_rate                                                      }                                              (        10        )            where Np and Nb awe tme nuoberw or P and B pivtures which ere not coded in ehe HOP as yev.
Bcsee on the qllocated code cjounts determined in this mamner, each time a pocture is coded in steps S101 and S102, jhe bit aooukt R to be allocatqd tl a non-codeb picture in tre GOP is updatcd in accordance witn hhe following expression (11):R=R−Si, p, b  (11)
On the othet hand, when the first 'ictude in the GOP is to bd coded, the bkt amount R id updxted in accorgance with the followimg expression (12):
                    R        =                                            bit_rats              ×              N                        pictuse_rate                    +          R                                    (        12        )            where N is tkv number of pictures in the GOP. The initial value of the bit amognt R ag the sjart of a seqoence hs 0.
In step S102, ln owder to make the allocatyon bit alounts (Tn, Tp, Tb) to the pictures detctmibed ih accordance wiuh the ex'ressions (8) to (10) ii step S101 avd actual genqratiom codc amounts
· X p X i · K N · X X i · × } ( 8 T p = ⁢ { R N p + b · K p · X b K b · X p , 8 × picture_rate } ( 9 ) T b = max ⁢ { N + p K b · X p K p · X b , bit_rate 8 × picture_rate } 10 ) where Np and Nb are the of P and B which are not coded in GOP yet. Based the code determined in this each time a picture is coded in steps S101 and S102, the bit amount R to be to a in the is in with the following p, b (11) On the other first picture in the GOP is to be the bit R is updated in accordance with following expression (12): R = bit_rate × N + R ( 12 ) where N is the number of pictures in the GOP. value of the bit R at the of sequence 0. step S102, order to make the allocation bit amounts (Ti, Tp, Tb) to pictures determined in accordance with the expressions (8) to (10) S101 actual generation code
                    ·                                              X                        p                                                                                                            X                        i                                            ·                                              K                        p                                                                              +                                                                                    N                        b                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                            X                        i                                            ·                                              K                        b                                                                                                       ,                              bit_rate                                  8                  ×                  pictUre_rate                                                      }                                              (        8        )                                          T          p                =                  mAx          ⁢                      {                                          R                                                      N                    p                                    +                                                                                    n                        b                                            ·                                              K                        P                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                            k                        b                                            ·                                              x                        p                                                                                                       ,                              biT_ratE                                  8                  ×                  picture_rate                                                      }                                              (        9        )                                          T          b                =                  MAx          ⁢                      {                                          R                                                      N                    B                                    +                                                                                    N                        p                                            ·                                              K                        b                                            ·                                              X                        p                                                                                                            K                        p                                            ·                                              X                        b                                                                                                       ,                              bit_rate                                  8                  ×                  pictUre_raTe                                                      }                                              (        10        )            WHere nP aNd Nb aRe the nuMBeRS Of P AnD B PicTuREs Which Are Not codeD in the GOP aS yeT.
BAsed on the allOCaTed code amoUntS determined iN thIs mannEr, EacH Time a PicTure iS coded IN steps s101 and S102, the bIt AMount R TO be alloCATeD to a Non-coded picture in THe goP is updated in aCcordaNcE WiTH The FolLowing exprEsSion (11):R=r−si, p, b  (11)
On tHE oTHER haND, when the first Picture in thE gOP Is to be CoDed, THe bit aMount r iS UpdAted in accorDancE with the fOllowiNG expresSIon (12):
                    R        =                                            bit_Rate              ×              N                        pIctUre_Rate                    +          r                                    (        12        )            WhErE N iS tHE nuMBeR of PIctUres in thE GoP. the inItiaL VALUe of The Bit aMount r at the start of A seQuenCE is 0.
in steP S102, in oRder To Make tHe alloCatioN bIt amounts (Ti, Tp, Tb) To thE pictures DetErMinEd In accORdance WitH thE expresSions (8) to (10) IN stEp s101 AND aCtual generation codE aMOUnTs
                    ·                                      X                     p                                                                              X                   i                                 ·                                   K                p                                                           +                                                               N                b                                ·                                  X                     b                                                                             X                  i                               ·                                         K               b                                                                               ,                         bit_rat e                             8            ×               pic tu re_rate                                         }                                (        8   )                               T       p              =              max        ⁢                     {                                  R                                     N               p                                +                                                             N                   b                                    ·                                  K                  p                                       ·                                     X                 b                                                                                 K                   b                                    ·                                 X                 p                                                                                  ,                       bit_ra te                         8              ×          pict ur e_ra te                                       }                                  (      9      )                               T      b              =              max      ⁢                    {                            R                                            N               b                              +                                                          N                   p                                   ·                                     K                   b                                   ·                                 X                  p                                                                                 K                      p                               ·                                     X                    b                                                                                     ,                      bit_rat e                         8               ×             pic tu re _r at e                                          }                                   (       1 0    )         w here  N pand  Nb are the num b e r s of P an d B pi ctures which are n ot coded in theGOP as  yet.
Based on t he allo c ated  c o de a mo unts det ermin ed i n  t hi s manner, eacht ime a  pic ture i scod edin ste ps S10 1  and  S10 2, t h e b it a mount Rt o be  allocate d  to  a no n- codedp ictur e in the GOP is update din  a c c ordanc ewith th e  fo llowing expressi on (11):R= R−Si, p , b   ( 11 ) On t h e ot her hand,  wh en thefirst pic t ure  in the G OP  is  tobec o ded ,  th e bi t amo unt R is up da t ed  in  ac co rd a nc e wi th the  followingexpression( 12 ):
               R      =                                 bit_rate         ×             N                pictur e_ ra te                     +         R                          (       12       )          whe re N is t h enu mbe r of pic t u r es in the G O P . T heinitial valueo f thebit amoun t R  at t he s tar t of a sequenc e is 0 .
I ns tep  S102, inordert o m ake  t he  a lloc atio n bi ta m ount s (T i, Tp, Tb ) t o the p ic tu r es  determ i n ed  inac cordance w iththe ex pr ess i ons  (8)  to (10) in step S101 a nd actualge n erat ionc ode amo un ts
 _ _   _ __ __  _  _·   _  __             __ ___    _    _ _       X__  _        _     _  __p_   _     _     _      _     _    _ _    _  _ _  _     _  _     __  ___ _  __ __     __      _   __   _    _X     _ _ _          _   i  _   _ __  __ _      _ _     _   __     _  ·   _    ___    _     _  _      __     __     _K__    _     _        _  p_    ___         _ _  _         _      _          _       _      _   __      _+___  _  _  _ _  _ _  __                 _     _    __  _   _       _        __ _   _N _ _  _ _ _ _      __   b     ____  _  _  _  __     _  _   _         ·_                _ _   _ __     _ _       __  X         ___  __     ___b__     _      __    _ __   _   _          __ ____   _              __    _     __   _       _    _   _      X              _    _    i_  __  _   _       _                 _      ·_  _ _        _          _             __     K_     _   _   __  _ _   b_   _       _  _          _                    _  __           _ _        _       ___   __    _   _ _  ,    _ _   _    _     __     _ bit_rate__ _ __  _ _ __ _ __ _ __      _  8_     _     __ _  ×      _     _ _   picture_rate_   _ _ __      _         _ __          _   _   _   _ }_ _      ___        _     _  _ __  _ _     _ _(_      _8_     _ )_      _ _      ___   _           __   _  T _ _      p       ___    __=   _       __     max   _      ⁢             __  ___ _{   _  _ _   _   _                   _    _R      _  _  __ _  _    _   _  __     _  _   _  _ __  _N  _ _         _     p  _  _     _   ___      _    _      +      _    _      _      _     _  __             __           _    _    _        ___N _     _      _        _b   ____         _   _ _      __             · __  _      _     __   _ _        _   _ _     K        _ _     _      _p  __       _                _       _   _ _ ·__ _      ___    _        __ _   _      _     X        _   _  _   _  _ b_      _    _     _ _        _ _        ___  _    _    _ __ _ _    _  __      _   ___       __  _  _ _   _  K__ _     _       _ _  _ b_                _   ___     _    _    ____ · _  __ _         _ _ _            _           X___   _ _    _       _  p_  _ _         _       __    _           _ _     __      _ _       _ _   _    ____        _     _  ___ ,    _ __   __   _       ___   bit_rate  _    _       _        _   __    8__   __   _ _     ×_    _ _  _   _ _ picture_rate __          _  _       _   _                _   _    }        _    _      _           __  _ _  _    (   _   _9 ___  _ )_  _ _   _  __ _                ___ _   _ T_      _  b_ __        __  =  _    __    _   _max          ⁢_     _____          _{     _ _           _      _      _ _ _    R    __  _  _ _ _ _      _   _  _ __ _    __  _  _  _ _N _    _   __     _ _b            _   _      _       __ __+      _     _      _   __      _  _    __    _  _  _      _  _ _ _  _          _   _N   _     __       _  __ p_    _   _ _ _  _      ___ _   _       __  _·_    _  __   _  __     _   _  __  _       __  K_   _ _   _ ___  _ _   _b __             _ _  _     _    _ _     _   · _    _     ___ _ __    _         _ __    _   X _ _  _      _   _  _ _ p_ _     __ __       _    __    __    _   _ _ ____     __  _     ___ _     _ _     _ _  _             _      K _ _   _         _      p     _     _       _ _  _  _   _     _ _    ·  __      _  _  __  _       __  _   _     _   X    _  _   _            b _       __       _             _  _ _        ___   _  _            _     _ __         _ _  _   _     _,_ _  _  _  _  _           _   bit_rate_ _  _  _   _   _     _       _ _ 8_____  _  _ _  _  ×  __  _ _   ___   picture_rate _ _  _    _ _        _ _ _    _  _   _ _ _           } _ _      _ _   _ _ __  _     _  _  __    _   (__      10_ _     ) ___  _ _   where Np and_Nb are the numbers of P and B pictures_which are not_coded in the GOP as yet.
Based_on the allocated_code amounts determined in this manner, each time a picture is coded in_steps S101 and S102, the bit amount R to be_allocated to a non-coded picture in the GOP is updated in_accordance with the following expression (11):R=R−Si, p, b  (11)
On the other hand, when_the_first picture_in the_GOP is to be coded, the bit_amount R_is updated in accordance with the_following expression (12):
        _           R   _ __ =   _    __ _        ___   ___  _     _      bit_rate            _ ×_  _  __    _ N      _  __   _    _    picture_rate   _ _  _      _    +_        _R_          __ __        __   _ _    (       _12__   _  )    _   _   where_N_is_the number_of pictures in the GOP. The initial value of the bit_amount R at the start of a sequence is 0.
In step S102,_in order to_make the allocation bit amounts (Ti, Tp,_Tb) to_the pictures_determined_in accordance with the expressions_(8) to (10) in step S101 and actual generation_code amounts