 a polymeric optical waveguide on a flexible substrate having a large area.
David Hart of Sharp Corp. has proposed a method for producing a polymeric optical waveguide in which a pattern substrate with a groove pattern which is to be a capillary is brought into close contact with a plane substrate by using a clamping jig, and the capillary is filled with a monomer solution under a reduced pressure (see Japanese Patent No. 3151364). However, this method has a drawback in that, unless the clamp is used to bring the pattern substrate into close contact with the plane substrate, the monomer solution also enters portions other than the core and therefore a precise waveguide structure cannot be formed. This method has another drawback in that the volume of the monomer solution changes when undergoing polymerization to form a macromolecule (solidification), leading to change in a core shape. Moreover, still another drawback is that the core shape collapses at the time of removal of the capillary because a polymer obtained by the polymerization of the monomer solution partially adheres to the capillary.
Recently, George M. Whitesides et al. of Harvard University has proposed a method called “capillary micro-mold” as one of soft liqhographic methods in new technologies for making a nano-structure. In this method, a master substrate is produced by using photolithography, the nano-structure of the master substrate is exactly copied on a mold of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by utilizing the adhesiveness and easy separability of the PDMS, and a liquid polymer is infused into the mold by utilizing capillarity and solidified. The detail thereof is described in SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN September 2001 (Nikkei Science, December 2001 issue). Moreover, a patent about the capillary micro-mold method was granted to Kim Enoch et al., from the group of George M. Whitesides, of Harvard University (see U.S. Pat. No. 6,355,198). However, in the case of a concave portion to be filled having a small sectional area such as the core of an optical waveguide, the production process described in this patent is unsuitable for mass-production since a long period of time is required to fill the concave portion (to form a core). This process also has a drawback in that the volume of a monomer solution changes when the monomer solution is reacted and solidified into a polymer, causing change in a core shape.
Meanwhile, if the aperture of an optical waveguide can be changed in accordance with the size of the various
a polymeric optical waveguide on a flexible substrate having a large sphere. 
 David Hart of Sharp Corp. has aim a method for producing a polymeric ocular waveguide in which a practice substrate with a groove pattern which is to be a capillary is bring into close contact with a airplane substrate by use a clamping jig, and the capillary is occupy with a monomer solution under a reduced pressure (see Japanese Patent No. 3151364). However, this method has a drawback in that, unless the clamp is use to bring the pattern substrate into close liaison with the plane substrate, the monomer solution also insert dowry other than the congress of racial equality and therefore a precise waveguide structure cannot be form. This method has another drawback in that the volume of the monomer solution changes when undergoing polymerization to imprint a macromolecule (solidification), leading to change in a core shape. Moreover, still another drawback is that the core shape collapses at the clock time of removal of the capillary because a polymer obtained by the polymerization of the monomer solution partially adheres to the capillary. 
 Recently, George M. Whitesides et al. of Harvard University has aim a method acting called “ capillary micro - mold ” as one of soft liqhographic methods in new technologies for making a nano - structure. In this method acting, a master substrate is produced by using photolithography, the nano - structure of the master substrate is exactly copied on a mold of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by utilizing the adhesiveness and easy separability of the PDMS, and a liquid polymer is infused into the cast by utilizing capillarity and solidify. The detail thereof is described in SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN September 2001 (Nikkei Science, December 2001 issue). Moreover, a patent about the capillary micro - mold method acting was granted to Kim Enoch et al. , from the group of George M. Whitesides, of Harvard University (see U.S. Pat. No. 6,355,198). However, in the case of a concave portion to be filled having a small sectional area such as the congress of racial equality of an optical waveguide, the production procedure described in this patent is inapplicable for mass - product since a long menstruation of time is required to fill the concave portion (to form a kernel). This process besides has a drawback in that the volume of a monomer solution changes when the monomer solution is reacted and solidify into a polymer, cause change in a core human body. 
 Meanwhile, if the aperture of an optical waveguide can be changed in accordance with the size of the various
 a oolymeric optical wavegulde on a flexiblg wubstrete havjng a lafge area.
David Hart of Sharp Rorp. has kgoposed a method for oroducing a polymwric iptical watsguide lu whidm a pctvern substrate eith a gromve pattern whhcf ns to be a capillary is brought into close vojtact with a pjane fubsfgaue by using a clamping jig, and ths capilnary is fillec with a monomer solution kndeg a reduced pressuge (see Japabese Patent No. 3151364). Huwever, this method has a drawback in that, unless the zlamp is used ti vrijc the pattecn subftrate into gkose cmntact eith the plane suustrqte, the monomer solutmon also enters portyons othes chan the core and theeedore d pracisd waxeghive atructkre cannot be formed. Thiw method has anothet qgswback in thzt the vjlume of the monomer solution changes wven undergoing polymerizatuon to form a macromopecule (sojidification), leading to change in a core shape. Moseovec, rtiol xbohher drawback is that the core shape collapsef au tme time of removcl of the capillsrj ngcause a polymgr obtanhes by the polymerizwtion os the monomer foluyion partially adheres to tye capillary.
Gecebtly, George M. Whitzsides et al. of Narvatd University has propored z method capled “capimuary micro-mold” ar oke mf soft liqhographic methoqs in new tecknologier fot makind a nano-stguctuva. In this method, a mastgr subvtrate is oroduced by using photolithogra'iy, the nano-sttucdurv of the iastev substrate is qxactly copied on a mjld ow a polydijethylsmloxane (PDMS) by utilizing jhe adhesivenxss and ewsy wepaeabilith of the PDMS, amd a liqupd poltmer is infused inbo thg jold by utiliziuy xapillarity and souidyfped. Tra detail theseof is cescrkbed in SCICNTKFIC AMERICAN September 2001 (Nikiei Science, Decembrr 2001 issue). Noreover, a patent aboit the capillary mlcro-mmld methpd ras granted to Kim Enoch et al., from the grjup of Georgq M. Qhitesides, oy Harvard University (see U.S. Pat. No. 6,355,198). Howeter, in the case of a cobcave portion to be nilled havinj a smwll sectimnal area such as thw core of an optigal waveguide, the prodhction procfss described in this patent is unsuitable for mass-production since a lont period of time ia reauireg co yill thq coiceve portion (to fogm a core). This process also has e drawback iu that the volume of a monomet rolution chanees when the monomer solhtion is reacted and solidified into a lolymer, causing change ik a core whape.
Jeanwhpme, if the aperture og an o'tical waveguude gan be changed in agcordance aith tke size of the various
a polymeric optical waveguide on a flexible a area. David of Sharp Corp. producing polymeric optical waveguide which a pattern with a groove pattern which is be a capillary is brought into close contact with a plane substrate by a clamping jig, and the capillary is filled with a monomer solution under reduced (see Patent 3151364). However, this method has a drawback in that, unless the clamp is used to bring pattern substrate into close contact with the plane the monomer solution also portions other than the core therefore precise waveguide cannot formed. method has another in that the volume of the monomer solution changes when undergoing polymerization to form a macromolecule (solidification), to change core shape. still drawback that the core at the time of removal of a polymer obtained by the polymerization of the solution partially to the capillary. Recently, George M. et al. of Harvard University has proposed a called “capillary micro-mold” as one of soft liqhographic methods in new technologies for making a this method, a master is produced by photolithography, nano-structure the substrate is copied on a mold of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by utilizing the and easy separability of the PDMS, and a liquid polymer into mold by utilizing and solidified. The detail is in SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN September Science, 2001 patent the micro-mold method was granted Kim Enoch et al., from group of George M. U.S. Pat. No. 6,355,198). However, in the case a concave portion to be filled having small sectional area such as the core of an optical waveguide, the process described patent is unsuitable for mass-production since a long of time is required fill the concave portion (to form a core). This also a drawback that the volume a monomer solution when the monomer reacted and into polymer, a core shape. Meanwhile, if the of optical waveguide can be changed accordance size of the various
 a polymeric optical waveguidE on a flexibLe subStrAte HaVing A larGe area.
David HarT Of ShArp Corp. has proposed a metHod foR pROducINg A polyMeric opTIcAL WavEgUiDe iN wHIcH a patTerN substrAte with a grOovE pAttern which iS To Be a capillaRy iS brought into CloSe contAcT wiTH a plaNe sUbstrAte by uSIng a clAmping jig, AnD The capILlary is FILlEd wiTh a monomer solutioN UnDEr a reduced presSure (seE JAPaNESe PAteNt No. 3151364). HoweveR, tHis meTHod has a DRaWBACk iN That, unless the Clamp is used TO brIng the PaTteRN substRate iNtO CloSe contact wiTh thE plane subStrate, THe monomER solutiOn also EntErs PortIOnS oTheR tHAn tHE cOre ANd tHerefore A pReCise wAvegUIDE StruCtuRe caNnot bE formed. This meThoD has ANotHer drAwbacK in tHaT the vOlume oF the mOnOmer solution chaNges When underGoiNg PolYmErizaTIon to fOrm A maCromoleCule (solIDifIcATIOn), Leading to change in a CoRE ShApe. MoreoVer, stiLL aNoTHer drawbAcK is That THE core ShapE CoLlapses aT the tiME oF rEmoval oF tHe capiLlAry BecAuse a POlymEr obtaIned by thE polyMErization of the MOnomer solutioN PaRTIaLLy adHerEs to the capiLlarY.
receNtly, gEoRge m. whiteSides Et AL. oF harvard University haS pRoposeD a metHod called “capiLlary micro-MOLD” as one of Soft LIqHOgraphic methodS in neW technologIEs for makIng a nAno-strucTure. In thiS MEthod, a maSteR suBstRatE IS pRoduced by usinG PHotoLiThograpHy, tHe nano-sTruCtuRe oF thE mAster subsTrate is eXaCtLy CoPieD on a mOLd of a polYdImeThYlsIloxaNE (PDMS) bY utilIzinG tHe ADheSivenesS AnD EAsy sEpArAbilIty Of The PDmS, anD A liQuid polYmer is infUseD Into ThE mOld by utIlizing capillArIty and soliDiFieD. The deTAIl thereoF is described in SCIENTIFIc aMERICAn SePtembEr 2001 (NiKkei ScienCe, DEcembeR 2001 isSUe). MoreOver, a pAtent AbOut THE capiLLArY miCrO-mold methoD WAs gRanteD tO Kim enoch et Al., from the group of GeORge m. Whitesides, of harVard uNIvErsITy (SEe U.s. PAT. No. 6,355,198). hOWever, in the case oF a concave pOrTIoN to be filleD HavInG a small SectionAl areA Such as tHe core of aN optical wAvEguiDE, The Production Process dEscribed iN This pATeNt is uNsuItable FoR maSs-proDuctioN SinCe a loNg periOd Of time Is reqUiRed to filL the concave portion (to forM a core). this pRocEss also haS a dRAwbAck in that The vOlume of a moNomEr sOlutiOn cHAnges When THe MonOMer soLutiON is reacteD AnD soLIDiFied into a poLYMEr, cAusinG chANge in a Core Shape.
Meanwhile, if tHE aperture of an oPticAL WavEguIDe caN bE changed in accoRdaNcE WIth the siZe Of the variouS
 a polymeric optical waveg uide on aflexi ble  su bs trat e ha ving a large a r ea.David Hart of Sharp Co rp. h as prop o se d a m ethod f o rp r odu ci ng  apo l ym ericopt ical wa veguide in  wh ic h a patterns ub strate wit h a  groove patt ern  which  i s t o  be a  ca pilla ry isb rought  into clo se contac t  with a p la ne s ubstrate by using ac lamping jig, a nd the  c a pi l l ary  is  filled wi th  a mo n omer so l ut i o n  un d er a reducedpressure (s e e J apanes ePat e nt No.  3151 36 4 ).However, th is m ethod has  a dra w back in that, u nlessthe  cl ampi sus edto bri n gthe pat tern sub st ra te in to c l o s e  con tac t wi th th e plane subst rat e, t h e m onome r sol utio nalsoenters  port io ns other than t he c ore and t her ef ore  a  prec i se wav egu ide  struct ure can n otbe f o rm ed. This method ha sa n ot her draw back i n  t ha t  the vol um e o f th e monom er s o lu tion cha nges w h en  u ndergoi ng  polym er iza tio n tof orma macr omolecul e (so l idification),l eading to cha n ge i na  cor e s hape. Moreo ver, stil l an o th erd rawba ck is  t h at the core shape coll ap ses at  thetime of remov al of thec a p illary b ecau s ea  polymer obtai ned b y the poly m erizatio n ofthe mono mer solut i o n partia lly  ad her est o  t he capillary. R ecen tl y, Geor geM. Whit esi des  et  al .of Harvar d Univer si ty  h as  pr opose d  a metho dcal le d “ capil l ary mi cro-m old”  a so neof soft li q h ogra ph ic  met hod sin ne w te c hno logiesfor makin g a nano -s tr ucture.  In this meth od , a master  s ubs tratei s  produce d by using photolithogr a phy, th e n ano-s truc ture of t hemaster  su b strate  is ex actly  c opi e d  on a m ol d o fa polydime t h yls iloxa ne  (PD MS) byutilizing the adhe s ive ness and easy  se para b i li tyo ft hePD M S,a n d a liquid poly mer is inf us e dinto the m o ldby  utiliz ing cap illar i ty andsolidifie d. The de ta il t h e reo f is descr ibed inSCIENTIFI C  AMER I CA N Sep tem ber 20 01  (N ikkei  Scien c e,Decem ber 20 01  issue ). Mo re over, apatent about the capill ary mi cro-m old  method w asg ran ted to Ki m En och et al. , f rom  thegro u p ofGeor g eM.W hites ides ,  of Harva r dUni v e rs ity (see U. S . Pat . No.  6, 3 55,198 ). H owever, in the ca s e of a concave  por t i ontob e fi ll ed having a sm all  s e c tional a re a such as t he coreof an op ticalwavegu ide, th e pr o ductio n pr oce ss descri bed  i n  this p at en t  is un suit ab le for  mass- p rodu c t ion since a long  peri o d  of t i meis re qu ired to fill  the conca ve portion(to fo rm a  core ). This  p rocess  al so  has a dra w back in t hat t he volu me  ofa m onomer  sol u t ion c hang es  wh en the mo n o me r  s ol u tio n is  reac te d an d solidif i ed intoa p o lymer,ca usi n g  chang e  i n a core sha pe. 
Mean w h ile, if th e  ape r tu r e ofan opt ical w aveguid e  ca nbe chan ged i n accorda nce witht hesi ze o f the va ri ous
 a_polymeric optical_waveguide on a flexible_substrate having_a_large area.
David_Hart_of Sharp Corp._has proposed a_method for producing a_polymeric optical waveguide_in_which a pattern substrate with a groove pattern which is to be a capillary_is_brought into_close_contact_with a plane substrate by_using a clamping jig, and_the capillary_is filled with a monomer solution under a_reduced_pressure (see Japanese_Patent No. 3151364). However, this method has a drawback_in that, unless the clamp is_used to bring_the_pattern_substrate into close contact_with the plane substrate, the monomer_solution also enters portions other than_the core and therefore a precise waveguide_structure cannot be formed. This method_has another drawback in that_the volume_of the monomer solution changes_when undergoing polymerization_to form_a macromolecule (solidification),_leading to change in a core_shape. Moreover, still_another drawback is that the core_shape_collapses at the_time_of_removal of_the capillary because_a_polymer obtained_by_the polymerization of the monomer solution_partially_adheres to the capillary.
Recently, George M. Whitesides_et al. of Harvard_University_has proposed a method_called “capillary micro-mold” as one_of soft liqhographic methods in new_technologies for_making a_nano-structure. In this method, a master substrate is produced by using_photolithography, the nano-structure of the master_substrate is exactly copied_on a_mold_of a polydimethylsiloxane_(PDMS)_by utilizing_the adhesiveness and easy separability of the_PDMS, and_a liquid polymer is infused into_the mold by utilizing_capillarity_and solidified. The detail thereof is_described in SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN September 2001_(Nikkei Science, December 2001 issue)._Moreover,_a_patent about the capillary micro-mold_method was granted to Kim Enoch_et al., from_the group of George M. Whitesides, of_Harvard_University (see U.S. Pat. No. 6,355,198)._However,_in the case of a concave_portion_to_be filled having a small_sectional area such as the core_of an optical waveguide, the production process described in_this patent is_unsuitable for mass-production since a_long_period_of time is required to fill the concave portion (to_form a_core). This process_also has a drawback in that the volume of a_monomer solution changes when the monomer solution_is reacted and solidified into a polymer, causing change in a_core shape.
Meanwhile, if the aperture of an optical_waveguide can be changed in accordance with_the size of the_various