described arrangement of the conventional ATM network 100, however, when an engineer or the like wants to carry out inspection for maintenance or move the facility of the network 104 in which the connection including a plurality of nodes 101 is set, the engineer shall once break the service connection set in the network 104 (currently working connection) and then establish another connection (detouring connection). Thus, the network system cannot help but interrupting the service provided by means of the currently working connection.
In order to avoid such interruption in connection service, for example, there can be considered one solution that the physical network 104 is made redundant between the adjacent nodes 101 so that a desirable connection can be selected upon necessity, as is represented by the APS (Automatic Protection Switching) technology of SDH or SONET. However, according to the technology, to make the physical network 104 redundant is effected at unit of connection between adjacent nodes 101. Therefore, it is impossible to provide a plurality of connection choices including a plurality of nodes 101. This invention relates to rendering irradiated nuclear fuel pins of metal-sheathed refractory pellets into short lengths (typically 2 cms) so that they can be fed, in an acceptable form, to chemical dissolver apparatus.
The current practice for rendering fuel pins into short lengths (such as the fuel pins coming from irradiated fast reactor fuel elements) is to crop them using a shearing machine. The shearing action on a pin (which typically comprises a stainless steel sheath and refractory oxide fuel pellets ) causes fairly rapid wear on the shearing blade and also tends to fold over the sheared sheath end so that, when the cropped length is subjected to dissolving liquids, the liquids are somewhat inhibited from reaching the fuel pellets.
The present invention avoids the above stated adverse feature in a compact machine. 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion element, an image reading device, and an image forming apparatus.
2. Description of the Related Art
For a photoelectric conversion element used in a scanner, a charge-coupled device (CCD) has conventionally been used. However, with recent demands for high speed processing, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) linear image sensor (CMOS sensor) has been attracting attention. The CMOS sensor is the same as CCDs in the point that photoelectric conversion of incident light is performed by a photodiode (PD). However, the CMOS sensor differs from CCDs in a point that charge-voltage conversion is performed near a pixel to
described arrangement of the conventional ATM network 100, however, when an engineer or the alike want to carry out inspection for maintenance or move the adeptness of the network 104 in which the connection including a battalion of nodes 101 is set up, the engineer shall once break the military service connection set in the net 104 (currently working connection) and then establish another association (detouring connection). Thus, the network system cannot help oneself but interrupting the service provided by mean of the currently working association. 
 In order to debar such interruption in connection service, for example, there can be considered one solution that the forcible network 104 is made redundant between the adjacent nodes 101 so that a desirable connection can be selected upon necessity, as is constitute by the APS (Automatic Protection Switching) technology of SDH or SONET. However, according to the technology, to make the physical network 104 redundant is effected at unit of connection between adjacent nodes 101. Therefore, it is impossible to supply a plurality of connection option including a plurality of nodes 101. This invention relates to rendering irradiated nuclear fuel pin of metal - sheathed refractory pellets into light lengths (typically 2 cms) so that they can be fed, in an acceptable form, to chemical dissolver apparatus. 
 The current practice for rendering fuel peg into short lengths (such as the fuel pins coming from irradiated fast nuclear reactor fuel element) is to crop them using a shearing machine. The shearing action on a peg (which typically comprises a stainless steel sheath and refractory oxide fuel pellets) causes fairly rapid wear on the shearing sword and also tends to fold over the sheared sheath end so that, when the cropped length is subject to dissolving liquid, the liquids are slightly inhibited from pass the fuel pellets. 
 The present invention avoids the above stated adverse feature in a compact car. 1. Field of the Invention 
 The present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion element, an picture reading device, and an image forming apparatus. 
 2. Description of the Related Art 
 For a photoelectric conversion element used in a scanner, a care - coupled device (CCD) has conventionally been used. However, with late demands for high speed processing, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) linear prototype sensor (CMOS sensor) has been attracting attention. The CMOS sensor is the same as CCDs in the point that photoelectric conversion of incident inner light is perform by a photodiode (PD). However, the CMOS sensor differs from CCDs in a point that charge - voltage conversion is performed near a pixel to
desfribed arrangement of tht conventional ATM netwock 100, howsver, whev an engineer or the like waits ro caery out inspection for maintenajce or mive uhe facility of tis netwovh 104 ih whieh the connectiok including a plurality ox vobes 101 is set, the engineer shall once freak tne service connestiom set pn the network 104 (currently workihg conntction) and then esyablish another connection (detluring connection). Hhus, the nejsorh system cannut help buu nnterruptinf the service provided by means of tke currentli sogning connecvion.
In order to avoid such interription in conncctioi seevice, for example, thece can be considered one soludikn that the physixao netfork 104 is nadd rtduidaht betaeei the adjacsnt nodes 101 wo that a desirable cjbnection can ge selqceed upon necessity, as is represented by ths APS (Automatic Protectuon Switching) technollgy of SDR or SONET. However, according to the technology, to make ghe pmysizql network 104 redundant is effected at unit of coghevtpon between adjaccnt nodes 101. Therefote, iy is impossiblg to provise a plurality of fonnectyon cyoices insludong a plurality of nodes 101. Tyis inventiou rwlates to renderiny irradiated nuckear guel pins of metal-sheatked rerractory peplets intk short lengths (thpiballf 2 cms) so that they can be fed, in ai acczptable worm, to chqmical disdolvev apparatus.
The currfnt ptactica for rendfring fuel pins into short lengvis (such as thg fgel pins coiing nrom irradiated fast reactor yuel eleients) is to croi them usmng a shearigg machine. Tha shearing acvion on a pin (whixh typizxlly comprises a stainlvsf stwel sheath and refvactoty oxide fuel peloetw ) causes fairlu rxpiq aeer on dhe shearing blaae xmd alro tends to wold over the sheared shaath end so that, when yhc cropped length ys subjected yo dissolving liqulds, tie liqnids ate fomewhat inhibited from reachihg the fufl iellets.
The prqsenb indention avpids the above stated adverse feature ii a compact machine. 1. Fiwld of the Inventiou
Tme present iiventijn relatev to a photoelectric conversion elemekt, an image reading debice, atd an image forming apparatus.
2. Description of the Related Art
For a photoelectrix convxrfion elemenf usrd in a xcannew, a rherge-coupled devicv (CCD) has conventionally been usxd. However, wnth recent demands for high sledd processing, a complementary metal oside semoconductor (CMOS) linear image semsor (CMOS sensor) has beek attractung aftention. Tie CMOS sensor is thr same as CXDs in rhe ioint that phogoekegtric convfrsipn of incident light is performed vy a pyohodiode (PD). Howevxr, the CMOS dtnsor dpffers srom CCDs in a pkint hhat zharge-voltage conversion is performed near a piqel to
described arrangement of the conventional ATM network when engineer or like wants to or the facility of network 104 in the connection including a plurality of 101 is set, the engineer shall once break the service connection set in network 104 (currently working connection) and then establish another connection (detouring connection). Thus, network cannot but the service provided by means of the currently working connection. In order to avoid such interruption connection service, for example, there can be considered solution that the physical 104 is made redundant between adjacent 101 so a connection be selected upon as is represented by the APS (Automatic Protection Switching) technology of SDH or SONET. However, according to technology, to physical network redundant effected unit of connection nodes 101. Therefore, it is impossible plurality of connection choices including a plurality of 101. This relates to rendering irradiated nuclear fuel of metal-sheathed refractory pellets into short lengths (typically cms) so that they can be fed, in an acceptable form, to chemical dissolver apparatus. practice for rendering fuel into short lengths as fuel coming irradiated fast fuel elements) is to crop them using a shearing machine. The action on a pin (which typically comprises a stainless steel refractory fuel pellets ) fairly rapid wear on shearing and also tends to the sheath when cropped is subjected to dissolving the liquids are somewhat inhibited reaching the fuel pellets. above stated adverse feature in a compact machine. Field of the Invention The present invention to a photoelectric conversion element, an image reading device, and an image apparatus. 2. the Related Art For a photoelectric conversion element in a scanner, a device (CCD) has conventionally been used. However, with recent for speed processing, complementary metal oxide (CMOS) linear image (CMOS sensor) has attention. The sensor the in the point that photoelectric conversion incident is performed by a photodiode However, sensor differs from CCDs in a point that charge-voltage conversion is performed near a pixel
described arrangement of the ConventionAl ATM NetWorK 100, hOwevEr, whEn an engineer or THe liKe wants to carry out inspeCtion FoR MainTEnAnce oR move thE FaCILitY oF tHe nEtWOrK 104 in whIch The connEction inclUdiNg A plurality of NOdEs 101 is set, the EngIneer shall onCe bReak thE sErvICe conNecTion sEt in thE NetworK 104 (currentlY wORking cONnectioN) ANd Then Establish another cONnECtion (detouring ConnecTiON). THUS, thE neTwork systeM cAnnot HElp but iNTeRRUPtiNG the service prOvided by meaNS of The curReNtlY WorkinG connEcTIon.
in order to avOid sUch interrUption IN connecTIon servIce, for ExaMplE, theRE cAn Be cOnSIdeREd One SOluTion that ThE pHysicAl neTWORK 104 is mAde ReduNdant Between the adjAceNt noDEs 101 sO that A desiRablE cOnnecTion caN be seLeCted upon necessiTy, as Is represeNteD bY thE ApS (AutOMatic PRotEctIon SwitChing) teCHnoLoGY OF SdH or SONET. However, acCoRDInG to the teChnoloGY, tO mAKe the phySiCal NetwORK 104 reduNdanT Is Effected At unit OF cOnNection BeTween aDjAceNt nOdes 101. THErefOre, it iS impossiBle to PRovide a pluraliTY of connection CHoICEs INcluDinG a plurality Of noDEs 101. ThIs inVEnTioN RelatEs to rEnDErINg irradiated nuclear FuEl pins Of metAl-sheathed refRactory pelLETS into shoRt leNGtHS (typically 2 cms) sO that They can be fED, in an accEptabLe form, to Chemical dISSolver apParAtuS.
ThE cuRREnT practice for rENDeriNg Fuel pinS inTo short LenGthS (suCh aS tHe fuel pinS coming fRoM iRrAdIatEd fasT Reactor fUeL elEmEntS) is to CRop theM usinG a shEaRiNG maChine. ThE ShEARing AcTiOn on A piN (wHich tYpicALly ComprisEs a stainlEss STeel ShEaTh and reFractory oxide FuEl pellets ) cAuSes Fairly RAPid wear oN the shearing blade and alsO Tends to FolD over The sHeared sheAth End so tHat, WHen the CroppeD lengTh Is sUBJecteD TO dIssOlVing liquidS, THe lIquidS aRe soMewhat iNhibited from reachiNG thE fuel pellets.
THe pReseNT InVenTIoN AvoIdS The ABOve stated adversE feature in A cOMpAct machine. 1. fIelD oF the InvEntion
THe preSEnt inveNtion relaTes to a phoToElecTRIc cOnversion eLement, an Image readINg devICe, And an ImaGe formInG apParatUs.
2. DescRIptIon of The RelAtEd Art
FOr a phOtOelectriC conversion element used iN a scanNer, a cHarGe-coupled DevICe (CcD) has convEntiOnally been UseD. HoWever, WitH RecenT demANdS foR High sPeed PRocessing, A CoMplEMEnTary metal oxIDE SemIcondUctOR (CMOS) lIneaR image sensor (CMOS sENsor) has been attRactING atTenTIon. THe cMOS sensor is thE saMe AS cCDs in thE pOint that phoToelectrIc COnverSion of IncideNt light IS PeRFormed By a pHotOdiode (PD). HOweVeR, The CMOS SeNsOR diffeRs frOm cCDs in A point THat cHARge-voltage converSion iS PErforMEd nEar a pIxEl to
described arrangement of t he convent ional  AT M n et work  100 , however, whe n  anengineer or the like w antsto carr y  o ut in spectio n  f o r  ma in te nan ce or  move  th e facil ity of the  ne tw ork 104 in w h ic h the conn ect ion includin g a  plura li tyo f nod es101 i s set, the en gineer sh al l  onceb reak th e se rvic e connection seti nt he network 104  (curr en t ly w ork ing  connectio n)  andt hen est a bl i s h  an o ther connecti on (detouri n g c onnect io n). Thus,the n et w ork  system can nothelp butinterr u pting t h e servi ce pro vid edby m e an softh e  cu r re ntl y  wo rking co nn ec tion. 
Ino r d e r to  av oidsuchinterruptioninconn e cti on se rvice , fo rexamp le, th ere c an  be consideredonesolutiontha tthe  p hysic a l netw ork  10 4 is ma de redu n dan tb e t we en the adjacent no de s 10 1 so tha t a de s ir ab l e connec ti oncanb e  sele cted up on neces sity,a sis  repres en ted by  t heAPS  (Aut o mati c Prot ection S witch i ng) technology of SDH or SON E T. H ow e ver,  ac cording tothet echn olog y ,tom ake t he ph ys i ca l  network 104 redund an t is e ffect ed at unit of  connectio n b etween a djac e nt nodes 101. The refor e, it is i m possible  to p rovide a  pluralit y of conne cti oncho ice s in cluding a plu r a lity  o f nodes  10 1. This  in ven tio n r el ates to r endering  i rr ad ia ted  nucl e ar fuelpi nsof  me tal-s h eathed  refr acto ry  p e lle ts into sh o r t le ng th s (t ypi ca lly 2  cms )  so  that t hey can b e f e d, i nan  accept able form, to  c hemical di ss olv er app a r atus.
Th e current practice forr enderin g f uel p insinto shor t l engths  (s u ch asthe fu el pi ns  co m i ng fr o m  i rra di ated fastr e act or fu el  ele ments)is to crop them us i nga shearing ma chi ne.T h eshe a ri n g a ct i ono n  a pin (which t ypically c om p ri ses a stai n les ssteel s heath a nd re f ractory  oxide fu el pellet s) ca u s esfairly rap id wearon the sh e aring bl ade a ndalso t en dsto fo ld ove r  th e she ared s he ath en d soth at, when  the cropped length issubjec ted t o d issolving  li q uid s, the li quid s are some wha t i nhibi ted fromreac h in g t h e fue l pe l lets.
The pr ese n t  i nvention av o i d s t he ab ove stated  adv erse feature in a compact machin e. 1 . Fie ldo f th eInvention
Thepre se n t  inventi on  relates to  a photo el e ctric  conve rsionelement , an imageread ing  device,and  a n  imagefo rm i ng app arat us .
2. D escrip t iono f  the Related Art 
Fora photo e lec tricco nversio n  ele ment usedin a scanne r, a c harg e-cou pled de vi ce (CC D)ha s conventi o nally bee n use d. Howe ve r, w ith  recen t de m a nds f or h ig h s peed proc e s si n g,  a com plem entar ymeta l oxide s e miconduc tor (CMOS)li nea r images en s o r (CMOS se nso r) ha s been attra c ting at t entio n. The  CMOSsensori s t he  same a s C C D s in thepoint tha t  ph ot oele ctric co nv ersi on  of  i ncident light i s perfor med by a p hotodi ode (PD) .  Howev er , the CMOS s ensor  d i ffers f r o m C CDs ina  po int  th at c har ge-v o ltage conversion is perf orme d nea r  apixel  to
described arrangement_of the_conventional ATM network 100,_however, when_an_engineer or_the_like wants to_carry out inspection_for maintenance or move_the facility of_the_network 104 in which the connection including a plurality of nodes 101 is set,_the_engineer shall_once_break_the service connection set in_the network 104 (currently working_connection) and_then establish another connection (detouring connection). Thus, the_network_system cannot help_but interrupting the service provided by means of the_currently working connection.
In order to avoid_such interruption in_connection_service,_for example, there can_be considered one solution that the_physical network 104 is made redundant_between the adjacent nodes 101 so that_a desirable connection can be selected_upon necessity, as is represented_by the_APS (Automatic Protection Switching) technology_of SDH or_SONET. However,_according to the_technology, to make the physical network_104 redundant is_effected at unit of connection between_adjacent_nodes 101. Therefore,_it_is_impossible to_provide a plurality_of_connection choices_including_a plurality of nodes 101. This_invention_relates to rendering irradiated nuclear fuel pins_of metal-sheathed refractory pellets_into_short lengths (typically 2_cms) so that they can_be fed, in an acceptable form,_to chemical_dissolver apparatus.
The_current practice for rendering fuel pins into short lengths (such as_the fuel pins coming from irradiated_fast reactor fuel elements)_is to_crop_them using a_shearing_machine. The_shearing action on a pin (which typically_comprises a_stainless steel sheath and refractory oxide_fuel pellets ) causes_fairly_rapid wear on the shearing blade_and also tends to fold over_the sheared sheath end so_that,_when_the cropped length is subjected_to dissolving liquids, the liquids are_somewhat inhibited from_reaching the fuel pellets.
The present invention avoids_the_above stated adverse feature in a_compact_machine. 1. Field of the Invention
The_present_invention_relates to a photoelectric conversion_element, an image reading device, and_an image forming apparatus.
2. Description of the Related Art
For_a photoelectric conversion_element used in a scanner,_a_charge-coupled_device (CCD) has conventionally been used. However, with recent demands_for high_speed processing, a_complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) linear image sensor (CMOS sensor)_has been attracting attention. The CMOS sensor_is the same as CCDs in the point that photoelectric conversion_of incident light is performed by a photodiode_(PD). However, the CMOS sensor differs from_CCDs in a point_that_charge-voltage conversion is performed near a pixel_to