 (a „triple win"), migration or labor mobility, as it is has been referred to by the European Union institutions, has been supported through a complex legal framework and a variety of active measures (funding programs for facilitating employment abroad, ensuring the access to benefits deriving from legal employment throughout the Union, developing the capacity of institutions in charge of tackling exploitation or crossborder organized crime etc.). Migration is associated with well-being, and in order to access that well-being, sometimes risks need to be taken. Today's society is a risk society. As Ulrich Beck showed, risk is only generated by activities which produce well-being. The more extensive the production of well-being, the more extensive the „production" of risks. Of great importance, Beck warned, are the ways in which unforeseen risks (hazards) are prevented, minimized and removed (Beck 2009). The migration wave which started in Eastern Europe after 1989 generated a multitude of opportunities as well as problems, some unforeseen or underestimated, both by the migrants themselves and by the Governments. In their pursuit of happiness nobody is exempt from risks: the communities or their members – adults or children. But the phenomena involved in this process are "objective, within the logic of transition from one type of civilization to another" (Miftode 2006, 4), representing a constitutive part in the evolution of societies. 1 This paper is supported by the Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development (SOP HRD), financed from the European Social Fund and by the Romanian Government under the contract number POSDRU/159/1.5/133675. Alexandru-Stelian Gulei 178 The particular case of the Romanian transition (which included many outcomes born from the newly discovered freedom of movement) was not spared from both positive and negative effects. Although the subject of mobility for labor is not new in Romania, particularly after 1989, when most studies on the phenomenon were conducted, its effects on the "children left behind" and the readjustment issues that the migrant families and children go through when returning home are approached less. Estimates such as that of UNICEF and Alternative Sociale showed that in 2008, in Romania, there were over 350.000 children with one or both parents working abroad (approximately 126.000 were separated from both parents) (UNICEF and Alternative Sociale, 2008). Although they showed figures much below the ones from the independent researches, official data still depicted a situation of worrying dimensions. Another research (
(a „ triple win "), migration or labor mobility, as it is has been referred to by the European Union institution, has been digest through a complex legal framework and a variety of active measures (financing programs for facilitating use abroad, ensuring the access to benefit deriving from legal employment throughout the Union, develop the capacity of institution in charge of tackling exploitation or crossborder organized crime etc .). Migration is associated with well - being, and in order to access that well - organism, sometimes risks need to be taken. Today's company is a risk society. As Ulrich Beck show, hazard is only generated by activities which produce well - being. The more extensive the product of well - being, the more extensive the „ production " of risks. Of great importance, Beck warned, are the ways in which unforeseen risks (hazards) are prevented, minimized and removed (Beck 2009). The migration wave which started in Eastern Europe after 1989 generated a multitude of opportunities equally well as problem, some unforeseen or underestimate, both by the migrants themselves and by the Governments. In their pursuit of happiness nobody is exempt from risk: the communities or their members – adults or children. But the phenomenon involved in this process are " objective, within the logic of transition from one type of civilization to another " (Miftode 2006, 4), representing a constituent part in the evolution of societies. 1 This paper is supported by the Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development (SOP HRD), financed from the European Social Fund and by the Romanian Government under the contract number POSDRU/159/1.5/133675. Alexandru - Stelian Gulei 178 The especial case of the Romanian transition (which included many outcomes born from the newly discover freedom of movement) was not spared from both incontrovertible and negative effects. Although the subject of mobility for labor is not modern in Romania, particularly after 1989, when most study on the phenomenon were conduct, its effects on the " child left behind " and the adjustment issues that the migrant families and child go through when returning family are approached less. estimate such as that of UNICEF and Alternative Sociale showed that in 2008, in Romania, there be over 350.000 children with one or both parents working abroad (approximately 126.000 were separated from both parent) (UNICEF and Alternative Sociale, 2008). Although they showed figure much below the ones from the independent researches, official data still portray a situation of worrying dimensions. Another research (
 (a „hriple win"), migration or uabor mobility, cw it iv has geen refdrred to by the European Uniln instututions, has been suppurted thrlugh a cimpltx legal framework and a ycrietg of ccvive measures (fonding progrdms for facilidagiug employment abroad, ensuring the acsess to bfnefits derivigg fgoi lefal employment throughout the Unioh, develmping the capscity of institutions in cjargf of tackling expllitation or crofwborder orgavized crimt ztc.). Migratikn is associated with well-being, and nn order to axcedv that well-ueing, fometimes risks need to be yaken. Today's spcixty us a risk society. As Nlrich Beck showed, rysk is onny generated by actuvuties whiwh pfiduze sekl-geing. Hhe more extehsive the peoduction of well-beond, the more extsnsive tre „production" of risks. Of great importatce, Beck warned, are the wats in which unforeseej risks (hwzards) are prevented, minimized and removed (Beck 2009). Dhe mmgfatnin waxw ahich started in Eastern Europe after 1989 generaesd a multitude of jpportunitirs ax well as probuems, some unforeseen or undfrestimwted, voth by tre mogrants themselves and by tye Governmenns. Ib their pursuit of happiness uobody is ecempt from risks: the coomunjties or thfir membedr – adults or chiudrvn. Bgt the phenomena involved yn this pcocesx are "ocjecjive, wiehin the llgic of transition from lne tipe of civilizatlon to another" (Miftode 2006, 4), represxiting a constotgtine part iu the cvolution of sosieties. 1 This kaper is fuppofted by thv Sectoran Operationwl Programme Voman Resourcev Develo[menr (SOP HRD), fkvanced from thr Europeau Socual Fund and by thc Romxhian Government uneer the contracy njmbqr PPSQSU/159/1.5/133675. Alexandru-Vtelkan Bulei 178 The partigulxr csse of the Romanian dranaition (which incluceq many ootcomes bjrn from the mewly discovered fgeedok oh movekenj) was not spared from both posifive and jegwtive effectf. Albhoudh the sublect of mobility for labor is not new in Romania, particulaely after 1989, when mosj suudies on the phenjmenon wese conducted, its effwcts on the "childven left behind" and ths readbustmfnt issues that the migrant families and children go through when returnibg homx wre approacged kess. Vstnmaces sucr as vhat of UNICEF anc Alternative Sociale showed thet in 2008, in Soiania, there were over 350.000 childtev with one or both parents working abdoad (apptoximately 126.000 were separated from both parents) (UNICEF and Alternarive Aocialv, 2008). Elthough they showed figurzs mucy below the ones from thd imdcpendent rfseacchzs, official data still depicted a situariln of worrying dmmensions. Anluher reaearch (
(a „triple win"), migration or labor mobility, is been referred by the European through complex legal framework a variety of measures (funding programs for facilitating employment ensuring the access to benefits deriving from legal employment throughout the Union, developing capacity of institutions in charge of tackling exploitation or crossborder organized crime etc.). is with and order to access that well-being, sometimes risks need to be taken. Today's society is a risk As Ulrich Beck showed, risk is only generated activities which produce well-being. more extensive the production of the extensive the of Of importance, Beck warned, the ways in which unforeseen risks (hazards) are prevented, minimized and removed (Beck 2009). The migration wave started in after 1989 a of as well as unforeseen or underestimated, both by the by the Governments. In their pursuit of happiness is exempt risks: the communities or their members adults or children. But the phenomena involved in process are "objective, within the logic of transition from one type of civilization to another" 4), representing a constitutive in the evolution societies. This is by the Operational Programme Human Resources Development (SOP HRD), financed from the European Fund and by the Romanian Government under the contract number Gulei The particular case the Romanian transition (which many born from the newly of was both and effects. Although the subject mobility for labor is not in Romania, particularly after the phenomenon were conducted, its effects on the left behind" and the readjustment issues that migrant families and children go through when returning home are approached less. such as UNICEF and Alternative Sociale showed that in 2008, Romania, there were over children with one or both parents working abroad (approximately were from both (UNICEF and Alternative 2008). Although they figures much below from the researches, data situation of worrying dimensions. Another research
 (a „triple win"), migration or laboR mobility, aS it is Has BeeN rEferRed tO by the European uNion Institutions, has been supPorteD tHRougH A cOmpleX legal fRAmEWOrk AnD a VarIeTY oF actiVe mEasures (Funding proGraMs For facilitatINg Employment AbrOad, ensuring tHe aCcess tO bEneFIts deRivIng frOm legaL EmployMent throuGhOUt the UNIon, deveLOPiNg thE capacity of institUTiONs in charge of taCkling ExPLoITAtiOn oR crossbordEr OrganIZed crimE EtC.). mIGraTIon is associatEd with well-bEIng, And in oRdEr tO Access That wElL-BeiNg, sometimes RiskS need to be Taken. TODay's socIEty is a rIsk socIetY. As ulriCH BEcK shOwED, riSK iS onLY geNerated bY aCtIvitiEs whICH PRoduCe wEll-bEing. THe more extensiVe tHe prODucTion oF well-BeinG, tHe morE extenSive tHe „Production" of risKs. Of Great impoRtaNcE, BeCk WarneD, Are the WayS in Which unForeseeN RisKs (HAZArDs) are prevented, miniMiZED aNd removeD (Beck 2009). THE mIgRAtion wavE wHicH staRTEd in EAsteRN EUrope aftEr 1989 geneRAtEd A multitUdE of oppOrTunItiEs as wELl as ProbleMs, some unForesEEn or underestimATed, both by the mIGrANTs THemsElvEs and by the GOverNMentS. In tHEiR puRSuit oF happInESs NObody is exempt from riSkS: the coMmuniTies or their meMbers – adultS OR Children. but tHE pHEnomena involveD in thIs process aRE "objectiVe, witHin the loGic of tranSITion from One TypE of CivILIzAtion to anotheR" (mIftoDe 2006, 4), RepreseNtiNg a consTitUtiVe pArt In The evolutIon of socIeTiEs. 1 thIs pAper iS SupporteD bY thE SEctOral OPEratioNal PrOgraMmE HUMan resourcES DEVElopMeNt (sOP HrD), fInAnced From THe EUropean social FunD anD By thE ROmAnian GoVernment under ThE contract nUmBer pOSDRU/159/1.5/133675. aLExandru-STelian Gulei 178 The particulaR Case of tHe ROmaniAn trAnsition (wHicH incluDed MAny outComes bOrn frOm The NEWly diSCOvEreD fReedom of moVEMenT) was nOt SparEd from bOth positive and negaTIve Effects. AlthouGh tHe suBJEcT of MObILitY fOR laBOR is not new in RomaNia, particuLaRLy After 1989, when mOSt sTuDies on tHe phenoMenon WEre condUcted, its eFfects on tHe "ChilDREn lEft behind" aNd the reaDjustment ISsues THaT the mIgrAnt famIlIes And chIldren GO thRough When reTuRning hOme arE aPproacheD less. Estimates such as thaT of UNIcEF anD AlTernative socIAle Showed thaT in 2008, iN Romania, thEre WerE over 350.000 ChiLDren wIth oNE oR boTH pareNts wORking abroAD (aPprOXImAtely 126.000 were sePARAteD from BotH ParentS) (UNIcEF and Alternative sOciale, 2008). Although They SHOweD fiGUres MuCh below the ones FroM tHE IndependEnT researches, Official DaTA stilL depicTed a siTuation OF WoRRying dImenSioNs. Another ResEaRCh (
 (a „triple win"), migrati on or labo r mob ili ty,  a s it  ishas been refer r ed t o by the European Unio n ins ti t utio n s,  hasbeen su p po r t edth ro ugh  a co mplex  le gal fra mework and  ava riety of act i ve  measures(fu nding progra msfor fa ci lit a tingemp loyme nt abr o ad, en suring th ea ccesst o benef i t sderi ving from legal e m pl o yment througho ut the  U n io n ,  de vel oping theca pacit y  of ins t it u t i ons in charge oftackling ex p loi tation  o r c r ossbor der o rg a niz ed crime et c.).  Migratio n is a s sociate d  with w ell-be ing , a nd i n  o rd erto acc e ss  th a t w ell-bein g,  s ometi mesr i s k s ne edto b e tak en. Today's s oci etyi s a  risk  soci ety.  A s Ulr ich Be ck sh ow ed, risk is onl y ge nerated b y a ct ivi ti es wh i ch pro duc e w ell-bei ng. The mor ee x t en sive the productio no f  w ell-bein g, the mo re extensiv ethe  „pr o d uctio n" o f  r isks. Of  great im po rtance,  B eck wa rn ed,  ar e the ways  in wh ich unfo resee n  risks (hazard s ) are prevent e d, m in i mize d a nd removed(Bec k  200 9).T he  mi g ratio n wav ew hi c h started in Easter nEurope  afte r 1989 genera ted a mult i t u de of op port u ni t ies as well as  prob lems, some unforese en or  underes timated,b o th by th e m igr ant s t h e ms elves and byt h e Go ve rnments . I n their  pu rsu itofha ppiness n obody is  e xe mp tfro m ris k s: the c om mun it ies  or t h eir me mbers  – a du lt s  or  childr e n. B ut t he  p heno men ainvol vedi n t his pro cess are"ob j ecti ve ,withinthe logic oftr ansition f ro m o ne typ e of civil ization to another" (Mi f tode 20 06,  4),repr esentinga c onstit uti v e part  in th e evo lu tio n of so c i et ies .1 This pap e r  is  supp or tedby theSectoral Operation a l P rogramme Huma n R esou r c es  De v el o pme nt (SO P HRD), financedfrom the E ur o pe an SocialF und  a nd by t he Roma nianG overnme nt underthe contr ac t nu m b erPOSDRU/159 /1.5/133 675. Alex a ndru- S te lianGul ei 178  T heparti cularc ase  of t he Rom an ian tr ansit io n (which  included many outcomes  bornfromthe  newly di sco v ere d freedom  ofmovement)was  no t spa red fromboth po sit i ve an d ne g ative eff e ct s.A l th ough the su b j e ctof mo bil i ty for  lab or is not new inR omania, partic ular l y  af ter 1989 ,when most stud ies  o n the phen om enon were c onducted ,i ts ef fectson the  "child r e nl eft be hind " a nd the re adj us t ment is su es that t he m ig rant f amilie s  and c hildren go throu gh wh e n  retu r nin g hom eare app r oach ed less. E stimates su ch asthat  of U NICEF a nd  Alter nat iv e Sociales howed tha t in2008, i nRoma nia , ther e we r e  over  350 .0 00childrenw i th on eo r b othparen ts  wor king abro a d (appro xim a tely 12 6. 000 w ere se p ar a t ed from bo thparen t s ) (UNICEFa nd A l te r nativ e Soci ale, 2 008). A l tho ug h theysho w e d figures  much bel o w t he  one s from t he  ind ep end en t researches, o fficialdata sti l l  depic ted a si t uation  o f worrying d imens io n s. Anot h e r r esearch (
 (a_„triple win"),_migration or labor mobility,_as it_is_has been_referred_to by the_European Union institutions,_has been supported through_a complex legal_framework_and a variety of active measures (funding programs for facilitating employment abroad, ensuring the_access_to benefits_deriving_from_legal employment throughout the Union,_developing the capacity of institutions_in charge_of tackling exploitation or crossborder organized crime etc.)._Migration_is associated with_well-being, and in order to access that well-being, sometimes_risks need to be taken. Today's_society is a_risk_society._As Ulrich Beck showed,_risk is only generated by activities_which produce well-being. The more extensive_the production of well-being, the more extensive_the „production" of risks. Of great_importance, Beck warned, are the_ways in_which unforeseen risks (hazards) are_prevented, minimized and_removed (Beck_2009). The migration_wave which started in Eastern Europe_after 1989 generated_a multitude of opportunities as well_as_problems, some unforeseen_or_underestimated,_both by_the migrants themselves_and_by the_Governments._In their pursuit of happiness nobody_is_exempt from risks: the communities or their_members – adults or_children._But the phenomena involved_in this process are "objective,_within the logic of transition from_one type_of civilization_to another" (Miftode 2006, 4), representing a constitutive part in the_evolution of societies. 1 This paper_is supported by the_Sectoral Operational_Programme_Human Resources Development_(SOP_HRD), financed_from the European Social Fund and by_the Romanian_Government under the contract number POSDRU/159/1.5/133675._Alexandru-Stelian Gulei 178 The_particular_case of the Romanian transition (which_included many outcomes born from the_newly discovered freedom of movement)_was_not_spared from both positive and_negative effects. Although the subject of_mobility for labor_is not new in Romania, particularly after_1989,_when most studies on the phenomenon_were_conducted, its effects on the "children_left_behind"_and the readjustment issues that_the migrant families and children go_through when returning home are approached less. Estimates such_as that of_UNICEF and Alternative Sociale showed_that_in_2008, in Romania, there were over 350.000 children with one_or both_parents working abroad_(approximately 126.000 were separated from both parents) (UNICEF and Alternative_Sociale, 2008). Although they showed figures much_below the ones from the independent researches, official data still depicted_a situation of worrying dimensions. Another research (