 the media and popular culture in mainstreaming Rand's views. The review ends by comparing Randolph Stow's socially responsive individualism as described in his novel Tourmaline with Rand's transactional individualism as described in Atlas Shrugged. australasian journal of american studies98 Two oral histories, Gary Weiss's Ayn Rand Nation: The Hidden Struggle for America's Soul, and Sco! McConnell's 100 Voices: An Oral History of Ayn Rand, highlight two contrasting conceptions of the individual. The first is the transactional conception; the second the socially responsive. The central theme of these two collections of interviews concerns the popularizing, indeed, the mainstreaming-of the politico-economic ideas of the libertarian conservative Ayn Rand. This a!ention-worthy tendency has been largely obscured by the controversies which have surrounded the 2016 United States presidential election. This essay begins with a brief comparison of Rand's transactional conception of the individual as portrayed in her novel Atlas Shrugged with Randolph Stow's socially responsive conception of the individual as portrayed in his novel, Tourmaline.1 The ensuing analyses of Sco! McConnell's and Gary Weiss's oral histories highlight the different implications each conception has for public policy. This analysis is rounded off by a conclusion which highlights the challenges to public policy posed by the mainstreaming of Rand's transactional individualism, which is to say, her radical capitalism. For Objectivists, the individual is solely responsible for his or her fate; individual market relations define society. For their critics, market relations should be confined to the economy, with each individual defining in his or her own terms, the content of his or her own social relations. For Weiss, evidence of the mainstreaming of Rand's Objectivism lies in the way the public held the government rather than the financial sector responsible for the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-2008. Two Conceptions of the Individual In squaring off one oral history against another, McConnell's against Weiss's, I begin by contrasting Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged (1957), with another novel of comparable subject ma!er, if not renown, Randolph Stow's Tourmaline (1963). This approach is designed to illustrate the concepts of transactional individualism and socially responsive individualism and to give my analysis and critique a sense of balance. Rand's novels allowed her to give the abstract ideas of conservative libertarian economics and politics, the theory of transactional individualism, living 99D. N. Byrne forms and thus enhance their persuasive power
the media and popular culture in mainstreaming Rand's views. The revue end by comparing Randolph Stow's socially responsive individualism as report in his novel Tourmaline with Rand's transactional individualism as described in Atlas Shrugged. australasian journal of american studies98 Two oral history, Gary Weiss's Ayn Rand Nation: The Hidden Struggle for America's Soul, and Sco! McConnell's 100 voice: An Oral History of Ayn Rand, highlight two contrasting conceptions of the individual. The beginning is the transactional conception; the second the socially reactive. The central theme of these two collections of interviews concerns the popularizing, indeed, the mainstreaming - of the politico - economic ideas of the libertarian cautious Ayn Rand. This a!ention - worthy tendency has been largely obscured by the controversy which have surrounded the 2016 United States presidential election. This essay begins with a abbreviated comparison of Rand's transactional conception of the person as portrayed in her novel Atlas Shrugged with Randolph Stow's socially responsive conception of the individual as portrayed in his novel, Tourmaline.1 The result analyses of Sco! McConnell's and Gary Weiss's oral histories highlight the different implications each conception hold for public policy. This analysis is rounded off by a conclusion which highlights the challenges to public policy posed by the mainstreaming of Rand's transactional individualism, which is to say, her extremist capitalism. For Objectivists, the individual is solely creditworthy for his or her fortune; individual marketplace relations define club. For their critics, market relations should be confined to the economy, with each person defining in his or her own terms, the content of his or her own social relations. For Weiss, evidence of the mainstreaming of Rand's Objectivism lies in the way the public held the government rather than the financial sector responsible for the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 - 2008. Two Conceptions of the Individual In feather off one oral history against another, McConnell's against Weiss's, I begin by contrast Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged (1957), with another novel of comparable subject ma!er, if not renown, Randolph Stow's Tourmaline (1963). This approach is designed to illustrate the concepts of transactional individuality and socially responsive individualism and to give my analysis and critique a sense of balance. Rand's novels allowed her to collapse the abstract ideas of button-down libertarian economics and politics, the theory of transactional individualism, populate 99D. N. Byrne forms and therefore enhance their persuasive power
 thf media and popular cultmre in mainstreaming Raid's viess. The rdview ends by comparing Randllph Stiw's socially responsivd individlalism as desrribed in his notsl Tourmaline aith Cand's transactipnal indivhdualism as devcfiyed in Atlas Shrugged. australasian jjurnal pf american studyes98 Uwo oram histories, Gary Weiss's Ayn Rand Nztion: Tie Hidden Strugble for America's Soul, and Dco! LcConnell's 100 Voices: An Oral Hiwtorr of Ayn Rand, highlight two contrasjing conceptions of the individuxl. Thz first is jkw tgdnsactional concvption; the segpnd tha sociakly responsive. Thx cebtral theme of these vwo collections of igterviews ckncerns the populqruzing, indaed, gye oaihsvrezming-ov tie politico-sconomic idwas of the libertaroag conservative Ayn Rwnq. This a!ention-worthy tendency has been narfely obscured by the cobtroversies which havg surroundqd the 2016 United States presidential election. This assay cegnkf qihh a brief comparison of Rand's transactional sknveition of the indiyidual as portrayec ln rer novel Atlxs Shrbfgsd with Randolph Show's sosiallt responsyve vonception of the individuao as portrayvd ib his novel, Tourmapine.1 The enruinb anakyses of Sco! McConnell's and Gary Weiss'd oral hiagories highlight thv dixferent implications each sonceptioi has for puclic policr. This anapysis is rounded off by w conelusimn which hlghlights the challenges to public policy posgd ty nhe mainscreamikg of Rand's tragsactional indnvidualifm, whkch is to aay, her radical ca[italism. For Mhjectivists, vhe indivyduao is solely fesponsible fot his or ktr fate; ineividual market rekatkkns define socizuy. Dor their critivs, oarhen rxlatijts should be conwindc to ghe economy, dith each individual defhninf in his or her owm berms, the content of his or het own social relatlons. Hor Wemss, evodegce of the mainstreaming of Rahd's Objechivlsm lies in tre wqy the publie held the government rather than the fiiancial sector responsivle for the Global Yikancial Crisms of 2007-2008. Two Concaptions of the Indivudual In squaring off one oral history againvt anlther, McConnell's against Weiss's, I begin by contrasting Ayn Rand's Atlas Sheugged (1957), with anothsr npvel mf eomparafle dnbject ma!er, if non renown, Randolph Stow's Tourmaliie (1963). This a[pxoach is designed to illustraye the concepts of transactional indivisualism snd socially responsive individialism and to give my anslysis abd crjtique a sxnse of balance. Rand'x novens aloowed hwr tl give the abrtrscb ideas of conxexvative libertarian economics and politucd, the theory of vransactionap indinidualifm, living 99D. N. Bydne rlrms xnd thus enhamce their persiasive power
the media and popular culture in mainstreaming The ends by Randolph Stow's socially his Tourmaline with Rand's individualism as described Atlas Shrugged. australasian journal of american Two oral histories, Gary Weiss's Ayn Rand Nation: The Hidden Struggle for America's and Sco! McConnell's 100 Voices: An Oral History of Ayn Rand, highlight two conceptions the The is the transactional conception; the second the socially responsive. The central theme of these two collections interviews concerns the popularizing, indeed, the mainstreaming-of the ideas of the libertarian Ayn Rand. This a!ention-worthy tendency been obscured by controversies have the 2016 United presidential election. This essay begins with a brief comparison of Rand's transactional conception of the individual as in her Shrugged with Stow's responsive of the individual in his novel, Tourmaline.1 The ensuing McConnell's and Gary Weiss's oral histories highlight the implications each has for public policy. This analysis rounded off by a conclusion which highlights the to public policy posed by the mainstreaming of Rand's transactional individualism, which is to say, capitalism. For Objectivists, the is solely responsible his her individual relations define For their critics, market relations should be confined to the economy, each individual defining in his or her own terms, the his her own social For Weiss, evidence of mainstreaming Rand's Objectivism lies in the held than financial responsible for the Global Crisis of 2007-2008. Two Conceptions the Individual In squaring another, McConnell's against Weiss's, I begin by contrasting Rand's Atlas Shrugged (1957), with another novel comparable subject ma!er, if not renown, Randolph Stow's Tourmaline (1963). This approach designed to concepts of transactional individualism and socially responsive individualism to give my analysis critique a sense of balance. Rand's novels allowed her give abstract ideas conservative libertarian economics politics, the theory transactional individualism, living Byrne forms thus their
 the media and popular culture In mainstreAming ranD's vIeWs. ThE revIew ends by compaRIng RAndolph Stow's socially reSponsIvE IndiVIdUalisM as descRIbED In hIs NoVel toURmAline WitH Rand's tRansactionAl iNdIvidualism as DEsCribed in AtLas shrugged. austRalAsian jOuRnaL Of ameRicAn stuDies98 TwO Oral hiStories, GaRy wEiss's AYN Rand NaTIOn: the HIdden Struggle for AMErICa's Soul, and Sco! MCConneLl'S 100 voICEs: AN OrAl History oF AYn RanD, HighligHT tWO COntRAsting conceptIons of the inDIviDual. ThE fIrsT Is the tRansaCtIOnaL conception; The sEcond the sOciallY ResponsIVe. The ceNtral tHemE of ThesE TwO cOllEcTIonS Of IntERviEws conceRnS tHe popUlarIZING, indEed, The mAinstReaming-of the pOliTico-EConOmic iDeas oF the LiBertaRian coNservAtIve Ayn Rand. This a!EntiOn-worthy tEndEnCy hAs Been lARgely oBscUreD by the cOntroveRSieS wHICH hAve surrounded the 2016 UnItED stAtes presIdentiAL eLeCTion. This EsSay BegiNS With a BrieF CoMparison Of Rand'S TrAnSactionAl ConcepTiOn oF thE indiVIduaL as porTrayed in Her noVEl Atlas ShruggeD With Randolph STOw'S SOcIAlly ResPonsive concEptiON of tHe inDIvIduAL as poRtrayEd IN hIS novel, Tourmaline.1 The EnSuing aNalysEs of Sco! McConnEll's and GarY wEIss's oral HistORiES highlight the dIfferEnt implicaTIons each ConcePtion has For public POLicy. This AnaLysIs iS roUNDeD off by a concluSIOn whIcH highliGhtS the chaLleNgeS to PubLiC policy poSed by the MaInStReAmiNg of RANd's transAcTioNaL inDividUAlism, wHich iS to sAy, HeR RadIcal capITaLISm. FoR OBjEctiVisTs, The inDiviDUal Is solelY responsiBle FOr hiS oR hEr fate; iNdividual markEt Relations dEfIne SocietY. fOr their cRitics, market relations shOUld be coNfiNed to The eConomy, witH eaCh indiVidUAl defiNing in His or HeR owN TErms, tHE CoNteNt Of his or her OWN soCial rElAtioNs. For WeIss, evidence of the maINstReaming of Rand'S ObJectIVIsM liES iN The WaY The PUBlic held the goveRnment rathEr THaN the financIAl sEcTor respOnsible For thE global FInancial CRisis of 2007-2008. TwO COncePTIonS of the IndiVidual In Squaring oFF one oRAl HistoRy aGainst AnOthEr, McCOnnell'S AgaInst WEiss's, I BeGin by cOntraStIng Ayn RaNd's Atlas Shrugged (1957), with anoTher noVel of ComParable suBjeCT ma!Er, if not reNown, randolph StOw's touRmaliNe (1963). THIs appRoacH Is DesIGned tO illUStrate the COnCepTS Of TransactionAL INdiViduaLisM And socIallY responsive indiviDUalism and to givE my aNALysIs aND criTiQue a sense of balAncE. RAND's novels AlLowed her to gIve the abStRAct idEas of cOnservAtive liBERtARian ecOnomIcs And politiCs, tHe THeory of TrAnSActionAl inDiVidualIsm, livINg 99D. N. bYRne forms and thus eNhancE THeir pERsuAsive PoWer
 the media and popular cul ture in ma instr eam ing  R and' s vi ews. The revie w  end s by comparing Randolp h Sto w' s  soc i al ly re sponsiv e  i n d ivi du al ism  a s  d escri bed  in his  novel Tou rma li ne with Rand ' stransactio nal  individuali smas des cr ibe d  in A tla s Shr ugged. austra lasian jo ur n al ofa merican s tu dies 98 Two oral histo r ie s , Gary Weiss's  Ayn R an d  N a t ion : T he HiddenSt ruggl e  for Am e ri c a ' s S o ul, and Sco!McConnell's 100  Voice s:  An Oral H istor yo f A yn Rand, hi ghli ght two c ontras t ing con c eptions  of th e i ndi vidu a l.  T hefi r sti sthe tra nsaction al  c oncep tion ; t h e se con d th e soc ially respons ive . Th e  ce ntral  them e of  t hesetwo co llect io ns of interview s co ncerns th e p op ula ri zing, indeed , t hemainstr eaming- o f t he p o li tico-economic idea so f  t he liber tarian co ns e rvativeAy n R and. T his a !ent i on -worthytenden c yha s beenla rgelyob scu red  by t h e co ntrove rsies wh ich h a ve surroundedt he 2016 Unite d  S t a te s  pre sid ential elec tion .  Thi s es s ay  be g ins w ith a  b r ie f  comparison of Rand 's  trans actio nal conceptio n of the i n d i vidual a s po r tr a yed in her nov el At las Shrugg e d with R andol ph Stow' s sociall y responsi vecon cep tio n of  the individu a l  aspo rtrayed  in  his no vel , T our mal in e.1 The e nsuing a na ly se sofSco!M cConnell 's  an dGar y Wei s s's or al hi stor ie sh igh light t h ed i ffer en timpl ica ti ons e achc onc eptionhas for p ubl i c po li cy . Thisanalysis is r ou nded off b ya c onclus i o n whichhighlights the challeng e s to pu bli c pol icyposed bythe  mains tre a ming o f Rand 's tr an sac t i onali n di vid ua lism, whic h isto sa y,  her  radica l capitalism. ForO bje ctivists, the  in divi d u al  is so l ely  r e spo n s ible for his or  her fate;  i n di vidual mar k etre lations  define  soci e ty. For  their cr itics, ma rk et r e l ati ons should  be conf ined to t h e eco n om y, wi theach i nd ivi dualdefini n g i n his  or he rown te rms,th e conten t of his or her own soc ial re latio ns.  For Weis s,e vid ence of t he m ainstreami ngofRand' s O b jecti vism li esi n the  way the publi c  h eld t he  government r a the r tha n t h e fina ncia l sector responsi b le for the Glo balF i nan cia l  Cri si s of 2007-2008 . T wo C onceptio ns  of the Ind ividualIn squar ing of f oneoral hi s t or y  again st a not her, McCo nne ll ' s again st  W e iss's,  I b eg in bycontra s ting A yn Rand's AtlasShrug g e d (19 5 7),  with  a nothern ovel  of compar able subjec t ma!e r, i f not  renown ,Randol phSt ow's Tourm a line (196 3). T his app ro achisdesign ed t o illus trat ethe  concepts o ft ra ns a cti onal  indi vi dual ism and s o cially r esp o nsive i nd ivi d u alisma nd t o give myana lysis a nd critiqu e  a s e ns e  of b alance . Rand 's nove l s a ll owed he r t o give theabstracti dea sof c onservat iv e li be rta ri an economics an d politi cs, thet h eory o f t r ansa c tional  i ndividualism , liv in g  99D. N . Byr ne form s  an d t hus  enh anc e th e ir persuasive power
 the_media and_popular culture in mainstreaming_Rand's views._The_review ends_by_comparing Randolph Stow's_socially responsive individualism_as described in his_novel Tourmaline with_Rand's_transactional individualism as described in Atlas Shrugged. australasian journal of american studies98 Two oral_histories,_Gary Weiss's_Ayn_Rand_Nation: The Hidden Struggle for_America's Soul, and Sco! McConnell's_100 Voices:_An Oral History of Ayn Rand, highlight two_contrasting_conceptions of the_individual. The first is the transactional conception; the second_the socially responsive. The central theme_of these two_collections_of_interviews concerns the popularizing,_indeed, the mainstreaming-of the politico-economic ideas_of the libertarian conservative Ayn Rand._This a!ention-worthy tendency has been largely obscured_by the controversies which have surrounded_the 2016 United States presidential_election. This_essay begins with a brief_comparison of Rand's_transactional conception_of the individual_as portrayed in her novel Atlas_Shrugged with Randolph_Stow's socially responsive conception of the_individual_as portrayed in_his_novel,_Tourmaline.1 The_ensuing analyses of_Sco!_McConnell's and_Gary_Weiss's oral histories highlight the different_implications_each conception has for public policy. This_analysis is rounded off_by_a conclusion which highlights_the challenges to public policy_posed by the mainstreaming of Rand's_transactional individualism,_which is_to say, her radical capitalism. For Objectivists, the individual is solely_responsible for his or her fate;_individual market relations define_society. For_their_critics, market relations_should_be confined_to the economy, with each individual defining_in his_or her own terms, the content_of his or her_own_social relations. For Weiss, evidence of_the mainstreaming of Rand's Objectivism lies_in the way the public_held_the_government rather than the financial_sector responsible for the Global Financial_Crisis of 2007-2008._Two Conceptions of the Individual In squaring_off_one oral history against another, McConnell's_against_Weiss's, I begin by contrasting Ayn_Rand's_Atlas_Shrugged (1957), with another novel_of comparable subject ma!er, if not_renown, Randolph Stow's Tourmaline (1963). This approach is designed_to illustrate the_concepts of transactional individualism and_socially_responsive_individualism and to give my analysis and critique a sense_of balance._Rand's novels allowed_her to give the abstract ideas of conservative libertarian economics_and politics, the theory of transactional individualism,_living 99D. N. Byrne forms and thus enhance their persuasive power