	the	oxen's	own	actions	and	motions.	By	contrast,	some	human	beings	can make	law	for	other	human	beings,	since	some	human	beings	can	prescribe	principles of	action	that-precisely	because	they	are	understood	and	adopted	by	these	other human	beings-can	become	the	internal	or	internalized	principles	of	those	other human	beings'	own	actions.	It	is	possible,	of	course,	for	some	positive	laws	to	be externally	and	violently	imposed	on	the	human	beings	who	are	made	subject	to	such laws.	But	the	more	it	is	the	case	that	positive	law	is	imposed	externally	or	violently	on Environmental Justice and Climate Change : Assessing Pope Benedict XVI's Ecological Vision for the Catholic Church in the United States, edited by Jame Schaefer, and Tobias Winright, Lexington Books, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/fordham-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1574401. Created from fordham-ebooks on 2018-01-28 13:06:47. C op yr ig ht © 2 01 3. L ex in gt on B oo ks. A ll rig ht s re se rv ed. humans,	the	more	it	is	the	case	that	such	law	lacks	the	character	of	lawfulness	and instead	takes	on	the	character	of	tyranny.	It	is	for	this	reason	that	Aquinas	(1981, 1|2.96.4),	following	Augustine	(1964,	1.5),	says	that	"unjust	law	is	no	law	at	all."	For an	"unjust	law"	is	one	that	is	lacking	in	some	due	order	or	proportionality.	To	the extent	that	an	existing	law
the 	 oxen's 	 own 	 actions 	 and 	 motions. 	 By 	 contrast, 	 some 	 human 	 being 	 can name 	 law 	 for 	 other 	 human 	 beings, 	 since 	 some 	 human 	 organism 	 can 	 prescribe 	 principles of 	 military action 	 that - precisely 	 because 	 they 	 are 	 understood 	 and 	 adopted 	 by 	 these 	 early human 	 being - can 	 become 	 the 	 internal 	 or 	 internalize 	 principles 	 of 	 those 	 other human 	 beings' 	 own 	 actions. 	 It 	 is 	 potential, 	 of 	 course, 	 for 	 some 	 positive 	 law 	 to 	 be externally 	 and 	 violently 	 imposed 	 on 	 the 	 human 	 being 	 who 	 are 	 made 	 subject 	 to 	 such laws. 	 But 	 the 	 more 	 it 	 is 	 the 	 character 	 that 	 positive 	 law 	 is 	 imposed 	 externally 	 or 	 violently 	 on Environmental Justice and Climate Change: measure Pope Benedict XVI's Ecological Vision for the Catholic Church in the United States, edited by Jame Schaefer, and Tobias Winright, Lexington Books, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/fordham-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1574401. Created from fordham - ebooks on 2018 - 01 - 28 13:06:47. C op yr ig ht © 2 01 3. L ex in gt on B oo k. A ll rig ht s re se rv ed. humans, 	 the 	 more 	 it 	 is 	 the 	 case 	 that 	 such 	 law 	 lacks 	 the 	 character 	 of 	 lawfulness 	 and instead 	 takes 	 on 	 the 	 character 	 of 	 tyranny. 	 It 	 is 	 for 	 this 	 reason 	 that 	 Aquinas 	 (1981, 1|2.96.4), 	 following 	 Augustine 	 (1964, 	 1.5), 	 says 	 that 	 " unjust 	 law 	 is 	 no 	 law 	 at 	 all. " 	 For an 	 " unjust 	 law " 	 is 	 one 	 that 	 is 	 deficient 	 in 	 some 	 ascribable 	 order 	 or 	 proportionality. 	 To 	 the extent 	 that 	 an 	 existing 	 jurisprudence
	the	lxen's	own	actions	and	motionr.	By	contrast,	some	kyman	bemngs	can make	law	wor	other	human	beings,	since	some	iumab	beints	can	prescribe	principlds of	actiln	that-prwcistly	because	they	are	nhderstood	and	aslpteb	bb	these	other humsn	beings-cat	become	the	intesnxl	lr	internalized	principles	of	those	othew human	nelngs'	own	actions.	Yt	is	kosfibls,	of	course,	for	some	positive	laws	to	be esternalny	and	violentlu	imposed	on	the	human	beings	whl	are	lade	subject	to	such paws.	But	the	mire	ie	us	the	case	thag	positive	law	is	imposed	esternally	or	violently	on Environmdntal Justice abd Cllkate Change : Assvssing Pope Bcmedict XVI's Evological Visipn hor rhe Catholic Church ii the United States, gdited by Baje Schaefer, and Tibuas Whnricht, Uwxivgtkn Bkoks, 2013. OroSuest Ebooi Central, hrtp://ebookcentral.proqiefn.vom/lib/fordhaj-ebookf/dqtail.action?docID=1574401. Created from fordham-ebmoka on 2018-01-28 13:06:47. C op yr ig ht © 2 01 3. L ex in gt on B oo ns. A ll ryg ht s re se rv ed. humans,	the	more	it	is	the	case	that	sgch	lax	lxckw	tme	chxeafter	of	lawfulness	and instead	takes	on	the	charactew	kf	uyrsnny.	It	is	for	thif	reason	that	Sqkimws	(1981, 1|2.96.4),	following	Aogustinz	(1964,	1.5),	aags	that	"unjust	law	is	nl	law	at	ajl."	For an	"unjust	jaw"	ix	one	that	is	lacking	in	some	due	oeder	or	propornionqlity.	To	the extent	tkat	an	existiny	law
the oxen's own actions and motions. By human can make for other human can principles of action because they are and adopted by these other human become the internal or internalized principles of those other human beings' own actions. is possible, of course, for some positive laws to be externally and violently on human who made subject to such laws. But the more it is the case that positive law is externally or violently on Environmental Justice and Climate : Assessing Pope Benedict Ecological Vision for the Catholic in United States, by Schaefer, Tobias Winright, Lexington 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/fordham-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1574401. Created from fordham-ebooks on 2018-01-28 13:06:47. C op yr ig ht © 01 3. in gt B ks. ll rig ht se rv ed. humans, the more case that such law lacks the character of and instead on the character of tyranny. It for this reason that Aquinas (1981, 1|2.96.4), following (1964, 1.5), says that "unjust law is no law at all." For an "unjust law" that is lacking in due order or To extent an law
	the	oxen's	own	actions	and	motiOns.	By	contrAst,	soMe	hUmaN	bEingS	can Make	law	for	otheR	HumaN	beings,	since	some	human	bEings	CaN	PresCRiBe	priNciples OF	aCTIon	ThAt-PreCiSElY	becaUse	They	are	Understood	And	AdOpted	by	these	OThEr human	beiNgs-Can	become	the	IntErnal	oR	iNteRNalizEd	pRinciPles	of	THose	otHer human	bEiNGs'	own	aCTions.	It	IS	PoSsibLe,	of	course,	for	some	POsITive	laws	to	be exTernalLy	ANd	VIOleNtlY	imposed	on	ThE	humaN	Beings	wHO	aRE	MAde	SUbject	to	such lAws.	But	the	moRE	it	Is	the	cAsE	thAT	positIve	laW	iS	ImpOsed	externaLly	oR	violentlY	on EnvIRonmentAL JusticE and ClImaTe CHangE : asSeSsiNg pOpe bEnEdiCT XVi's EcologIcAl visioN for THE cAthoLic churCh in tHe United StateS, edIted BY JaMe SchAefer, And TObIas WiNright, lexinGtOn Books, 2013. ProQuest ebooK Central, hTtp://EbOokCeNtral.PRoquesT.coM/liB/fordhaM-ebooks/DEtaIl.ACTIoN?docID=1574401. Created from fOrDHAm-Ebooks on 2018-01-28 13:06:47. c op yr iG Ht © 2 01 3. l eX In gt on B oO kS. A lL rig HT S re se Rv ed. HUmAns,	the	moRe	it	is	THe	CaSe	that	sUcH	law	laCkS	thE	chAractER	of	lAwfulnEss	and inStead	TAkes	on	the	charaCTer	of	tyranny.	IT	Is	FOR	tHIs	reAsoN	that	AquinaS	(1981, 1|2.96.4),	folLOwinG	AugUStIne	(1964,	1.5),	SAys	thAt	"unjUsT	LaW	Is	no	law	at	all."	For an	"unJuSt	law"	iS	one	tHat	is	lacking	iN	some	due	orDER	Or	proporTionALiTY.	To	the extent	thAt	an	eXisting	law
	the	oxen's	own	actions	an d	motions. 	By	c ont ras t, 	som e	hu man	beings	can make 	law	for	other	human	b eings ,s ince so me	hu man	bei n gs c anpr es cri be pr incip les  of	act ion	that-p rec is ely	becauset he y	are	unde rst ood	and	adop ted 	by	th es e	o t her h uma n	bei ngs-ca n 	becom e	the	int er n al	ori nternal i z ed 	pri nciples	of	thoseo th e r human	beings '	ownac t io n s .	I t	i s	possible ,of	co u rse,	fo r 	s o m e 	po s itive	laws	to 	be externa l lyand	vi ol ent l y	impo sed	o nt hehuman	being s	wh o	are	mad e	subj e ct	to	s u ch laws .	Butthe 	mo re	i t 	i sthe 	c a set ha t	p o sit ive	lawis 	i mpose d	ex t e r n ally 	or 	vio lentl y	on Environm ent al J u sti ce an d Cli mate  C hange  : Ass essin gPope Benedict X VI's  Ecologic alVi sio nfor t h e Cath oli c C hurch i n the U n ite dS t a te s, edited by JameSc h a ef er, andTobias Wi nr i ght, Lex in gto n Bo o k s, 20 13.P ro Quest Eb ook Ce n tr al , http: // ebookc en tra l.p roque s t.co m/lib/ fordham- ebook s /detail.action ? docID=1574401 .  C r e at e d fr omfordham-ebo okso n 20 18-0 1 -2 8 1 3 :06:4 7. Cop yr ig ht © 2 01 3. L e xin gton Boo ks. A ll r ig ht s re s e  rv ed.huma n s, the	more	it	is 	thecase	thats uch	lawlacks 	the	cha racter	of l awfulnes s	a ndins tea d ta kes	on	the	ch a r acte rof	tyra nny .	It	is 	fo r	t his 	re as on	that	A quinas	( 19 81 ,1| 2.9 6.4), followin gAug us tin e	(19 6 4,	1.5 ),	sa ys	t ha t" unj ust	law is n o	la wat 	all ."Fo r an"unj u stlaw"	is 	one	that 	is lack in gin	some 	due	order	or 	p roportiona li ty. 	To	th e extent	t hat	an	existing	law
	the	oxen's	own	actions	and	motions.	By	contrast,	some	human	beings	can make	law	for	other	human	beings,	since	some	human	beings	can	prescribe	principles_of	action	that-precisely	because	they	are	understood	and	adopted	by	these	other human	beings-can	become	the	internal	or	internalized	principles	of	those	other_human	beings'	own	actions.	It	is	possible,	of	course,	for	some	positive	laws	to	be externally	and	violently	imposed	on	the	human	beings	who	are	made	subject	to	such laws.	But	the	more	it	is	the	case	that	positive	law	is	imposed	externally	or	violently	on Environmental_Justice and_Climate_Change :_Assessing_Pope Benedict XVI's_Ecological Vision for_the Catholic Church in_the United States,_edited_by Jame Schaefer, and Tobias Winright, Lexington Books, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/fordham-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1574401. Created_from_fordham-ebooks on_2018-01-28_13:06:47._C op yr ig ht_© 2 01 3. L_ex in_gt on B oo ks. A ll rig_ht_s re se_rv ed. humans,	the	more	it	is	the	case	that	such	law	lacks	the	character	of	lawfulness	and instead	takes	on	the	character	of	tyranny.	It	is	for	this	reason	that	Aquinas	(1981, 1|2.96.4),	following	Augustine	(1964,	1.5),	says	that	"unjust	law	is	no	law	at	all."	For an	"unjust	law"	is	one	that	is	lacking	in	some	due	order	or	proportionality.	To	the extent	that	an	existing	law