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.005 Low_M (2013)_Eco-cities in Japan: past_and future._J_Urban Technol_20(1):7–22._https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2012.735107 Machado MM,_de Sousa MCS,_Hewings G (2016) Economies_of scale and_technological_progress in electric power production: The case of Brazilian utilities. Energy Econ 59:290–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2016.06.017_Mahmood_H, Maalel_N,_Zarrad_O (2019) Trade openness and_CO2 emissions: evidence from Tunisia._Sustainability 11(12):3295._https://doi.org/10.3390/ su11123295 McNeely CL, Hahm J (2014) The_big_(Data) bang: policy,_prospects, and challenges: big (Data) bang. Rev Policy Res_31(4):304–310. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/ropr.12082 Merlevede B, Verbeke_T, De Clercq_M_(2006)_The EKC for SO2:_foes firm size matter? Ecol Econ_59(4):451–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.11.010 Michael K, Miller KW_(2013) Big data: new opportunities and new_challenges [Guest editors' introduction]. Computer 46(6):22–24._https://doi.org/ 10.1109/MC.2013.196 Ministry of Economy,_Trade and_Industry (1999) Top runner program._Ministry of economy,_trade and_industry. https://www.iea.org/policiesandmeasures/ pams/japan/name-21573-en.php._Accessed 20 Oct 2019 Ministry of_the Environment (2016)_Overview of the plan for global_warming_countermeasures. https://www.env.go.jp/press/files/en/676.pdf. Accessed_20_Oct_2019 Mora_C, Spirandelli D,_Franklin_EC et_al._(2018) Broad threat to humanity from_cumulative_climate hazards intensified by greenhouse gas emissions._Nat Clim Change 8(12):1062–1071._https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0315-6_Narayan PK, Narayan S_(